text:
There is emerging (and tantalizing) evidence of links between “natural” climate variability, and climate change. Recent results suggest that climate feedbacks (including cloud feedback) are correlated between forced climate change and climate variability on interannual and decadal timescales. There are hints, too, of relationships between the magnitude of climate variability on long (e.g. decadal) timescales in coupled climate models (CCM) and their climate sensitivity. However, such relationships remaining poorly understood, limiting our confidence in using them as constraints for future forced climate change. Here we use low-order deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems (DS) to understand the fundamental processes driving such relationships and ask how robust they might be, how important are radiative feedbacks, and what basic physical process are driving them. To answer this, we use the DS and CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 of the World Climate Research Programme) results to address the following questions: Why is the range of natural climate variability so large in CCMs in the first place, and what is the role of radiative feedbacks in this spread? What is the tightest relationship we should “expect” to find between climate sensitivity and climate variability on annual, decadal or multi-decadal timescales? How important are climate radiative feedbacks in this relationship? Would we “expect” to find a closer relationship between variability and transient climate response than equilibrium climate sensitivity, and what do the CCMs say? It is highly important using new methods to process and analyse climate data in our study.
Sergei Soldatenko was graduated from Military Aerospace University (MAU), St. Petersburg with MSc degree in Atmospheric Sciences. In 1983 he got the PhD from the same university, in 1992 the Doctor of Science degree in Math and Physics from the state university of St. Petersburg. Since 1990 to 1999 he was a Chairman of the Department of Meteorology at, Hydrology and Geophysics at MAU and then for a number of years he was a Lab Head at the Institute of Computer Science of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Since 2011 he is a senior professional officer at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology.
Identification of coal reservoir families is important for the prediction of gas in place and potential sweet spots. This task is challenging especially for ultra-deep coal seams. In this study, we propose an approach for identifying coal reservoir families which is fully data-driven and based on hierarchical clustering of target coals.
The Cooper Basin is selected as a study area which is a world-class unconventional gas resource located in the South Australia and Queensland. A large amount of information about the physical parameters of the deep coal seams from 1194 wells is available. We proceeded with ten relevant target coal characterisation parameters (DCCPs).
In order to identify the coal gas reservoir families, we develop a decision tree (DT) for partitioning the original dataset into clusters that can be interpreted as reservoir families. At each node of the DT, the quality of the cluster is evaluated and clustering is conducted. The partitioning process stops when the cluster quality is acceptable. The cluster quality is assessed statistically through a cluster validity criterion.
Ten meaningful clusters are generated to identify coal reservoir families in the Cooper Basin. Furthermore, these clusters are analysed and interpreted by a geologist.
A hierarchical clustering approach has been applied to identify coal reservoir families in the Cooper Basin. The method can assist geologists in detection and mapping of potential sweet spots. This application demonstrates how traditional practices of reservoir modelling can be improved using machine learning.
Tauqir Moughal is a data scientist with significant experience in machine learning. He is a member of CSIRO Geoscience Data Analytics team, a team of computational scientists who develop and implement data-driven techniques in various geoscience applications.
The Australian Climate Science Data-enhanced Virtual Laboratory (DeVL) focus has been to further develop the Australian research environments and data management capabilities for Australia’s contributions for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). This includes a) major upgrades and improvements to data organisation of the Earth Systems Grid Federation Node at NCI b) upgraded data analysis environments at NCI c) improved data FAIRness and d) updated user support information.
The Climate DeVL is a collaborative project between NCI, CSIRO, the Bureau of Meteorology, the ARC Centre for Climate Extremes and co-funded by the Australian Research Data Commons. The Climate DeVL builds on previous Australian e-infrastructure programs to support national and international collaboration on priority climate research across these partners, and other government programs.
Data management for improved use within a High Performance Data (HPD) environment.
Access to international best-practice tools and common workflows for enhanced collaboration and innovative digital research methods.
Easy access to new climate data for use across a number of different research areas both directly at NCI as well as remotely.
Data publication services that support a range of access methods for communication and translation of research outputs with other research communities, for policy development, and industry.
Training and user support materials for more effective use of new capabilities.
While this project addresses the Community’s immediate goals for CMIP6, the need to extend this capability to prepare for future technical challenges is already emerging.
Clare Richards is an experienced project manager for major research infrastructure and modelling software projects including engagement with internal and external stakeholders to develop project plans for implementing new business systems, applications, services and websites. Before joining NCI she was with the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Clare holds a B.Sc. degree in Applied Physics from the University of South Australia, a Master’s degree in Media Practice from the University of Sydney and an MBA from La Trobe University.
Most machine learning research on chemical systems study either materials, with periodic structures, or molecules. Often for surface catalysis, the relevant information is in-between both systems. For this study, our dataset contains molecules on different surface defects, namely catalytic active centres. These are N-doped graphene pores supporting one or two single metal atoms.
The binding energies (BE) is an indicator for the strength of the interaction of the molecule with the surface and is used as the label. The data includes around 1600 structures of molecules on various different active centres and their BE. The geometric data comprises of the 3-dimensional coordinates of all atoms in a periodic cell. The main problem is describing features which are meaningful for a wide number of structures, as different structures have different atom types, adsorbed species and number of atoms. Through different descriptions of the geometrical structure in the systems, we try to link the BE to essential geometric features.
Meli Fischer completed her Bachelor and Master of Science at Ulm University, Germany. She specialised on physical and theoretical chemistry with an emphasis on material science. For her further studies, she received an international postgrad scholarship from the University of Queensland and graduated with a Doctor of Philosophy in chemistry in 2018. Since January 2019, she is working on material data science at Data61, Docklands.
Accurate yield estimation at early stages of growth is critical to the competitiveness of Australian agriculture industry. For example, in viticulture, yield estimation is currently undertaken by the growers in a manual, destructive, and spatially sparse sampling regime. This method is inherently limited and typically results in ~33% error rates with the following factors as contributing to the variability: bunch number (~60%), berry number (~30%), and berry weight (~10%). Being able to robustly and accurately estimate the bunch number and berry number would be of major benefit to the Australian industry.
We are developing an AI based platform for yield estimation and fruit quality prediction. We have done some research on the yield estimation by using deep learning to detect inflorescences and fruit sets from video footages acquired at vineyards in SA and the results look very promising. We are also using machine learning for analysis of hyperspectral data for fruit quality prediction and classification. We would like to further develop these technologies into a generic platform for various fruits including grapes, avocados etc.
Once such a platform is developed for the grape industry it could be applied to other horticulture fruit crops, and the application to fruit quality is not only in the field to determine when to harvest but also throughout the supply chain from farms to consumers.
Dr Dadong Wang is a Principal Research Scientist & the research team leader of CSIRO Quantitative Imaging Research Team, part of the CSIRO Data61. The research team has extensive experience and a track record in developing intelligent end-to-end imaging and image analysis solutions and via collaboration with innovation partners bringing them to the market. One of the solutions has been licensed to a world leading cellular imaging company and about 1,500 licenses have been sold so far, giving research laboratories around the world access to the most advanced image analysis algorithms developed by the team.
Dadong is also an adjunct Professor at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS) and a Conjoint Associate Professor at the University of New South Wales (UNSW).
Accurate characterisation of the microscopic structure of mined resources such as coal is fundamental to understanding its utility and environmental impact. Such information is also critical to understanding the provenance and potentially hazardous nature of dust, sediments and other environmental samples. Such microscopic analysis typically requires an expert petrographer or environmental scientist to characterise the samples manually, a time consuming and expensive process.
CSIRO has developed an automated Component Grain Analysis (CGA) system to reduce the time required to segment and characterise coal and dust samples. The system manipulates 300 GB sample images with sub-micron pixel resolution, using automated processing to resolve this data intensive task. CGA provides reliable statistics on the distribution of maceral types and impurities in coal samples, and component materials in dust samples.
A recent breakthrough development is the incorporation of machine learning (ML) algorithms to the complex task of particle segmentation. Specifically, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been employed due to their demonstrated successes in the semantic segmentation of natural images, their capacity for learning texture, their computational efficiency, and their suitability for distributed computation. State-of-the-art CNN models were trained on microscopy images and ground-truth labels (provided by CSIRO petrographers) and consistently converged to segmentation accuracies on validation data of more than 95% – exceeding the estimated noise in the expert labelling.
Further steps for the development of the ML system include hyper-parameter refinement, label noise reduction, and model augmentation for the automatic characterisation of component materials and intra-particle segmentation for complex particles.
Alex Pitt is a software engineer in the Energy division at CSIRO. He graduated from the University of Queensland in 2011 with a B.E. (Software), and worked on data-engineering products for Microsoft in Redmond, Washington. After returning to Australia, he joined the CSIRO where he has worked for the last 6 years on sensor integration, signal processing and computer vision.
Early-science data from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) are coming fast. Wide-area radio projects such as the Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) and the Polarisation Sky Survey of the Universe’s Magnetism (POSSUM) already have terabytes of ASKAP observations for use in early-science and survey planning. We have applied unsupervised machine learning methods to learn a meaningful representation of these early-science observations and demonstrated that this representation generalises across different sets of observations. We use this representation to address physical problems such as polarised source characterisation and physical model-fitting. Our approach provides a way to use early-science data even without full understanding of the unique instrumentation effects brought to the table by ASKAP.
Matthew is an astrophysics student at the Australian National University and Data61. They are interested in applications of machine learning to wide-area radio surveys, with a focus on the upcoming EMU (continuum) and POSSUM (polarisation) surveys to be conducted with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder.
Workshop preparation: Come with a laptop.
Workshop breakdown: Workshop is half-day, includes a hands-on component.
Workshop requirements: Wifi for ~40 attendees, no special seating.
Workshop content is relevant to all means of accessing and using Jupyter notebooks.
Dr Carina Kemp leads the AARNet eResearch team and engagement in Australian eResearch community. She has also worked as a research scientist, a company geophysicist and a consultant to industry. Her enduring interests include Open Data, Data Analytics, Machine Learning, and High Performance Computing.
This workshop is targeted at data librarians, research support, and eResearch professionals interested in: what the Jupyter notebook does; how the notebook works; and how the notebook can be used to train researchers in basic programming skills; and some key research data management and research collaboration considerations (e.g. higher education, government and industry partnerships). Workshop participants will want to know where the Jupyter notebook fits into different researchers’ toolkits (along with Excel, SPSS, Stata, RebExr, RStudio, or MatLab). The workshop is targeted* towards researchers using AARNet’s CloudStor service (with Jupyter notebooks integrated).
Ingrid Mason (Deployment Strategist), Dr Frankie Stevens (Research Engagement Strategist) for AARNet, are eResearch specialists with extensive experience in researcher engagement, training, and have expertise in research data and technologies across HASS and STEM research areas.
This presentation is a overview of our recent development in data-constrained modelling (DCM) methodology for quantitative and sample-non-destructive (SND) characterization of 3D microscopic composition distribution in materials, and microstructure-based predictive modelling of material multi-physics properties. Potential impacts are illustrated with examples in a range of R&D disciplines. Data and computational challenges will be presented.
Dr Sam Yang (PhD in Statistical Physics) is a Principal Research Scientist in CSIRO Manufacturing BU. He has invented data-constrained modelling (DCM) in 2007 and has been leading its development. DCM has been applied for quantitative microstructure characterization in a range of disciplines worldwide. He has also researched on fundamental and applied statistical physics, applied complex system science, bio-physics, computational and simulations sciences, and has published over 100 research papers in refereed journals, conference proceedings, book chapters and patents. Dr Yang is leading a major project in non-destructive quality evaluation of additively-manufactured (AM) metal components funded by the Australian Department of Industry, Innovation and Science (DIIS) and five global industries.

lowercased:
there is emerging (and tantalizing) evidence of links between “natural” climate variability, and climate change. recent results suggest that climate feedbacks (including cloud feedback) are correlated between forced climate change and climate variability on interannual and decadal timescales. there are hints, too, of relationships between the magnitude of climate variability on long (e.g. decadal) timescales in coupled climate models (ccm) and their climate sensitivity. however, such relationships remaining poorly understood, limiting our confidence in using them as constraints for future forced climate change. here we use low-order deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems (ds) to understand the fundamental processes driving such relationships and ask how robust they might be, how important are radiative feedbacks, and what basic physical process are driving them. to answer this, we use the ds and cmip5 (coupled model intercomparison project phase 5 of the world climate research programme) results to address the following questions: why is the range of natural climate variability so large in ccms in the first place, and what is the role of radiative feedbacks in this spread? what is the tightest relationship we should “expect” to find between climate sensitivity and climate variability on annual, decadal or multi-decadal timescales? how important are climate radiative feedbacks in this relationship? would we “expect” to find a closer relationship between variability and transient climate response than equilibrium climate sensitivity, and what do the ccms say? it is highly important using new methods to process and analyse climate data in our study.
sergei soldatenko was graduated from military aerospace university (mau), st. petersburg with msc degree in atmospheric sciences. in 1983 he got the phd from the same university, in 1992 the doctor of science degree in math and physics from the state university of st. petersburg. since 1990 to 1999 he was a chairman of the department of meteorology at, hydrology and geophysics at mau and then for a number of years he was a lab head at the institute of computer science of the russian academy of sciences. since 2011 he is a senior professional officer at the australian bureau of meteorology.
identification of coal reservoir families is important for the prediction of gas in place and potential sweet spots. this task is challenging especially for ultra-deep coal seams. in this study, we propose an approach for identifying coal reservoir families which is fully data-driven and based on hierarchical clustering of target coals.
the cooper basin is selected as a study area which is a world-class unconventional gas resource located in the south australia and queensland. a large amount of information about the physical parameters of the deep coal seams from 1194 wells is available. we proceeded with ten relevant target coal characterisation parameters (dccps).
in order to identify the coal gas reservoir families, we develop a decision tree (dt) for partitioning the original dataset into clusters that can be interpreted as reservoir families. at each node of the dt, the quality of the cluster is evaluated and clustering is conducted. the partitioning process stops when the cluster quality is acceptable. the cluster quality is assessed statistically through a cluster validity criterion.
ten meaningful clusters are generated to identify coal reservoir families in the cooper basin. furthermore, these clusters are analysed and interpreted by a geologist.
a hierarchical clustering approach has been applied to identify coal reservoir families in the cooper basin. the method can assist geologists in detection and mapping of potential sweet spots. this application demonstrates how traditional practices of reservoir modelling can be improved using machine learning.
tauqir moughal is a data scientist with significant experience in machine learning. he is a member of csiro geoscience data analytics team, a team of computational scientists who develop and implement data-driven techniques in various geoscience applications.
the australian climate science data-enhanced virtual laboratory (devl) focus has been to further develop the australian research environments and data management capabilities for australia’s contributions for the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6 (cmip6). this includes a) major upgrades and improvements to data organisation of the earth systems grid federation node at nci b) upgraded data analysis environments at nci c) improved data fairness and d) updated user support information.
the climate devl is a collaborative project between nci, csiro, the bureau of meteorology, the arc centre for climate extremes and co-funded by the australian research data commons. the climate devl builds on previous australian e-infrastructure programs to support national and international collaboration on priority climate research across these partners, and other government programs.
data management for improved use within a high performance data (hpd) environment.
access to international best-practice tools and common workflows for enhanced collaboration and innovative digital research methods.
easy access to new climate data for use across a number of different research areas both directly at nci as well as remotely.
data publication services that support a range of access methods for communication and translation of research outputs with other research communities, for policy development, and industry.
training and user support materials for more effective use of new capabilities.
while this project addresses the community’s immediate goals for cmip6, the need to extend this capability to prepare for future technical challenges is already emerging.
clare richards is an experienced project manager for major research infrastructure and modelling software projects including engagement with internal and external stakeholders to develop project plans for implementing new business systems, applications, services and websites. before joining nci she was with the australian bureau of meteorology. clare holds a b.sc. degree in applied physics from the university of south australia, a master’s degree in media practice from the university of sydney and an mba from la trobe university.
most machine learning research on chemical systems study either materials, with periodic structures, or molecules. often for surface catalysis, the relevant information is in-between both systems. for this study, our dataset contains molecules on different surface defects, namely catalytic active centres. these are n-doped graphene pores supporting one or two single metal atoms.
the binding energies (be) is an indicator for the strength of the interaction of the molecule with the surface and is used as the label. the data includes around 1600 structures of molecules on various different active centres and their be. the geometric data comprises of the 3-dimensional coordinates of all atoms in a periodic cell. the main problem is describing features which are meaningful for a wide number of structures, as different structures have different atom types, adsorbed species and number of atoms. through different descriptions of the geometrical structure in the systems, we try to link the be to essential geometric features.
meli fischer completed her bachelor and master of science at ulm university, germany. she specialised on physical and theoretical chemistry with an emphasis on material science. for her further studies, she received an international postgrad scholarship from the university of queensland and graduated with a doctor of philosophy in chemistry in 2018. since january 2019, she is working on material data science at data61, docklands.
accurate yield estimation at early stages of growth is critical to the competitiveness of australian agriculture industry. for example, in viticulture, yield estimation is currently undertaken by the growers in a manual, destructive, and spatially sparse sampling regime. this method is inherently limited and typically results in ~33% error rates with the following factors as contributing to the variability: bunch number (~60%), berry number (~30%), and berry weight (~10%). being able to robustly and accurately estimate the bunch number and berry number would be of major benefit to the australian industry.
we are developing an ai based platform for yield estimation and fruit quality prediction. we have done some research on the yield estimation by using deep learning to detect inflorescences and fruit sets from video footages acquired at vineyards in sa and the results look very promising. we are also using machine learning for analysis of hyperspectral data for fruit quality prediction and classification. we would like to further develop these technologies into a generic platform for various fruits including grapes, avocados etc.
once such a platform is developed for the grape industry it could be applied to other horticulture fruit crops, and the application to fruit quality is not only in the field to determine when to harvest but also throughout the supply chain from farms to consumers.
dr dadong wang is a principal research scientist & the research team leader of csiro quantitative imaging research team, part of the csiro data61. the research team has extensive experience and a track record in developing intelligent end-to-end imaging and image analysis solutions and via collaboration with innovation partners bringing them to the market. one of the solutions has been licensed to a world leading cellular imaging company and about 1,500 licenses have been sold so far, giving research laboratories around the world access to the most advanced image analysis algorithms developed by the team.
dadong is also an adjunct professor at the university of technology, sydney (uts) and a conjoint associate professor at the university of new south wales (unsw).
accurate characterisation of the microscopic structure of mined resources such as coal is fundamental to understanding its utility and environmental impact. such information is also critical to understanding the provenance and potentially hazardous nature of dust, sediments and other environmental samples. such microscopic analysis typically requires an expert petrographer or environmental scientist to characterise the samples manually, a time consuming and expensive process.
csiro has developed an automated component grain analysis (cga) system to reduce the time required to segment and characterise coal and dust samples. the system manipulates 300 gb sample images with sub-micron pixel resolution, using automated processing to resolve this data intensive task. cga provides reliable statistics on the distribution of maceral types and impurities in coal samples, and component materials in dust samples.
a recent breakthrough development is the incorporation of machine learning (ml) algorithms to the complex task of particle segmentation. specifically, convolutional neural networks (cnns) have been employed due to their demonstrated successes in the semantic segmentation of natural images, their capacity for learning texture, their computational efficiency, and their suitability for distributed computation. state-of-the-art cnn models were trained on microscopy images and ground-truth labels (provided by csiro petrographers) and consistently converged to segmentation accuracies on validation data of more than 95% – exceeding the estimated noise in the expert labelling.
further steps for the development of the ml system include hyper-parameter refinement, label noise reduction, and model augmentation for the automatic characterisation of component materials and intra-particle segmentation for complex particles.
alex pitt is a software engineer in the energy division at csiro. he graduated from the university of queensland in 2011 with a b.e. (software), and worked on data-engineering products for microsoft in redmond, washington. after returning to australia, he joined the csiro where he has worked for the last 6 years on sensor integration, signal processing and computer vision.
early-science data from the australian square kilometre array pathfinder (askap) are coming fast. wide-area radio projects such as the evolutionary map of the universe (emu) and the polarisation sky survey of the universe’s magnetism (possum) already have terabytes of askap observations for use in early-science and survey planning. we have applied unsupervised machine learning methods to learn a meaningful representation of these early-science observations and demonstrated that this representation generalises across different sets of observations. we use this representation to address physical problems such as polarised source characterisation and physical model-fitting. our approach provides a way to use early-science data even without full understanding of the unique instrumentation effects brought to the table by askap.
matthew is an astrophysics student at the australian national university and data61. they are interested in applications of machine learning to wide-area radio surveys, with a focus on the upcoming emu (continuum) and possum (polarisation) surveys to be conducted with the australian square kilometre array pathfinder.
workshop preparation: come with a laptop.
workshop breakdown: workshop is half-day, includes a hands-on component.
workshop requirements: wifi for ~40 attendees, no special seating.
workshop content is relevant to all means of accessing and using jupyter notebooks.
dr carina kemp leads the aarnet eresearch team and engagement in australian eresearch community. she has also worked as a research scientist, a company geophysicist and a consultant to industry. her enduring interests include open data, data analytics, machine learning, and high performance computing.
this workshop is targeted at data librarians, research support, and eresearch professionals interested in: what the jupyter notebook does; how the notebook works; and how the notebook can be used to train researchers in basic programming skills; and some key research data management and research collaboration considerations (e.g. higher education, government and industry partnerships). workshop participants will want to know where the jupyter notebook fits into different researchers’ toolkits (along with excel, spss, stata, rebexr, rstudio, or matlab). the workshop is targeted* towards researchers using aarnet’s cloudstor service (with jupyter notebooks integrated).
ingrid mason (deployment strategist), dr frankie stevens (research engagement strategist) for aarnet, are eresearch specialists with extensive experience in researcher engagement, training, and have expertise in research data and technologies across hass and stem research areas.
this presentation is a overview of our recent development in data-constrained modelling (dcm) methodology for quantitative and sample-non-destructive (snd) characterization of 3d microscopic composition distribution in materials, and microstructure-based predictive modelling of material multi-physics properties. potential impacts are illustrated with examples in a range of r&d disciplines. data and computational challenges will be presented.
dr sam yang (phd in statistical physics) is a principal research scientist in csiro manufacturing bu. he has invented data-constrained modelling (dcm) in 2007 and has been leading its development. dcm has been applied for quantitative microstructure characterization in a range of disciplines worldwide. he has also researched on fundamental and applied statistical physics, applied complex system science, bio-physics, computational and simulations sciences, and has published over 100 research papers in refereed journals, conference proceedings, book chapters and patents. dr yang is leading a major project in non-destructive quality evaluation of additively-manufactured (am) metal components funded by the australian department of industry, innovation and science (diis) and five global industries.


text:
How was your experience with Valu-Dryl?
What tips would you provide a friend before taking Valu-Dryl?
What are you taking Valu-Dryl for?
How well did Valu-Dryl work for you?
How likely would you be to recommend Valu-Dryl to a friend?

lowercased:
how was your experience with valu-dryl?
what tips would you provide a friend before taking valu-dryl?
what are you taking valu-dryl for?
how well did valu-dryl work for you?
how likely would you be to recommend valu-dryl to a friend?


text:
In a previous Article I pictured Data Presentations of Visual Complexitiy It intends to be a resource space for anyone interested in the visualization of complex networks. And to present complex network structurs in a visual language system. Data presentation can be beautiful, elegant and descriptive.
In the following article I want to show you interactive tools working for example with music like this one narratives2.0 and tools for creating your own visualizations. Most Data Graphics are unfortunately not for free but they allow us an insight in visual and structural thinking an inspiring graphic work. Thats why I am posting these information graphics, there are beautiful though they have so many details to capture. Wrapping your brain around data online can be challenging, especially when dealing with huge volumes of information. The best are summarized here.

lowercased:
in a previous article i pictured data presentations of visual complexitiy it intends to be a resource space for anyone interested in the visualization of complex networks. and to present complex network structurs in a visual language system. data presentation can be beautiful, elegant and descriptive.
in the following article i want to show you interactive tools working for example with music like this one narratives2.0 and tools for creating your own visualizations. most data graphics are unfortunately not for free but they allow us an insight in visual and structural thinking an inspiring graphic work. thats why i am posting these information graphics, there are beautiful though they have so many details to capture. wrapping your brain around data online can be challenging, especially when dealing with huge volumes of information. the best are summarized here.


text:
Are you currently working on your doctoral thesis on Economics? If that is your case, you may need some quick and effective guidelines to get this project done in time. In order to comply with the requirements, you should get your paper revised by an expert, such as your advisor. Another good option is to get some assistance so as to boost the overall process. Most of the time, senior students need some orientation in the first stages of the creation process. Once the basic structure is designed, you will be able to see the whole picture.
As there is a lot of information to condense in one of these academic papers, you will need to take a look at the coherence within the text. For instance, you will need to check hyphenation, style, accuracy and coherence between paragraphs. The sections in the article should be in sync in order to correctly present the data to the readers. In this regard, you may consider hiring someone to take a look at your document. You could also rely on your advisor and other graduated students in Economics for this task.
Due to the large extent of the whole process, saving time is crucial. Being efficient in your time management is necessary to achieve your goals in time. For instance, you should keep track of your progress and let your advisor know about any major change. Moreover, you should save your documents and keep a backup copy in a safe place. Losing the data is very frustrating regardless the reason, you should avoid any such unlikely but not impossible events. Storing your documents in the cloud or in an external hard drive are adequate alternatives to prevent data loss.
In conclusion, writing a thesis is always a compelling task which will demand a lot of time from your side. This is probably the most important reason why you should have a backup copy of any documents you are using or creating in this process. By doing so, you will save a lot of time were you to lose any file eventually. What's more, you may be able to work from different places if you have a copy at hand at every time. For this purpose, pen drives are the most reliable devices.

lowercased:
are you currently working on your doctoral thesis on economics? if that is your case, you may need some quick and effective guidelines to get this project done in time. in order to comply with the requirements, you should get your paper revised by an expert, such as your advisor. another good option is to get some assistance so as to boost the overall process. most of the time, senior students need some orientation in the first stages of the creation process. once the basic structure is designed, you will be able to see the whole picture.
as there is a lot of information to condense in one of these academic papers, you will need to take a look at the coherence within the text. for instance, you will need to check hyphenation, style, accuracy and coherence between paragraphs. the sections in the article should be in sync in order to correctly present the data to the readers. in this regard, you may consider hiring someone to take a look at your document. you could also rely on your advisor and other graduated students in economics for this task.
due to the large extent of the whole process, saving time is crucial. being efficient in your time management is necessary to achieve your goals in time. for instance, you should keep track of your progress and let your advisor know about any major change. moreover, you should save your documents and keep a backup copy in a safe place. losing the data is very frustrating regardless the reason, you should avoid any such unlikely but not impossible events. storing your documents in the cloud or in an external hard drive are adequate alternatives to prevent data loss.
in conclusion, writing a thesis is always a compelling task which will demand a lot of time from your side. this is probably the most important reason why you should have a backup copy of any documents you are using or creating in this process. by doing so, you will save a lot of time were you to lose any file eventually. what's more, you may be able to work from different places if you have a copy at hand at every time. for this purpose, pen drives are the most reliable devices.


text:
ON A HUGE RANGE OF ACCOUNTS!
Why Trade on Swap-Free Accounts with FXTM?
Trade Swap-Free Around the World!
Swap-free accounts are available in many countries. If unavailable on your account, you can contact us to request this option.
The swap-free option is available on all FXTM account types, excluding MT5 accounts. Swap-free trading does not apply to exotic currency pairs.
Trade with up to 1:1000 leverage (depending on your knowledge and experience) – one of the highest in the industry. By trading with higher leverage, you increase your earning potential but you also increase your exposure to risk.
Trade with 0.1 pips on ECN accounts and 1.3 on Standard accounts.
We have some of the best execution rates, so you can trade with confidence. Our performance statistics are checked and verified by PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC).
We’ll reimburse any fees that are charged to your account when you make a deposit.
Please note that a swap-free fee applies when keeping positions open on instruments over a certain period of time. Please see our Contract Specifications page for details.
Simply choose the swap-free option when opening a new account. To make your existing accounts swap-free, go to the ‘Accounts Overview’ section within MyFXTM. Click on the green arrow next to ‘Deposit’ on the trading account you want to change, and choose ‘Enable swap-free mode’.

lowercased:
on a huge range of accounts!
why trade on swap-free accounts with fxtm?
trade swap-free around the world!
swap-free accounts are available in many countries. if unavailable on your account, you can contact us to request this option.
the swap-free option is available on all fxtm account types, excluding mt5 accounts. swap-free trading does not apply to exotic currency pairs.
trade with up to 1:1000 leverage (depending on your knowledge and experience) – one of the highest in the industry. by trading with higher leverage, you increase your earning potential but you also increase your exposure to risk.
trade with 0.1 pips on ecn accounts and 1.3 on standard accounts.
we have some of the best execution rates, so you can trade with confidence. our performance statistics are checked and verified by pricewaterhousecoopers (pwc).
we’ll reimburse any fees that are charged to your account when you make a deposit.
please note that a swap-free fee applies when keeping positions open on instruments over a certain period of time. please see our contract specifications page for details.
simply choose the swap-free option when opening a new account. to make your existing accounts swap-free, go to the ‘accounts overview’ section within myfxtm. click on the green arrow next to ‘deposit’ on the trading account you want to change, and choose ‘enable swap-free mode’.


text: Minerals offer a great source of health benefits that are natural and effective. Covenant Health Products offers many different mineral vitamins that are helpful for specific health needs. From calcium to zinc and mix of mineral blends, Covenant Health Products has vitamin mineral supplements for the specific mineral that you may be looking for.

lowercased: minerals offer a great source of health benefits that are natural and effective. covenant health products offers many different mineral vitamins that are helpful for specific health needs. from calcium to zinc and mix of mineral blends, covenant health products has vitamin mineral supplements for the specific mineral that you may be looking for.


text:
Four stars: A fun coming of age romance with terrific characters, excellent family dynamics, but watch out for the cliffhanger ending.
Lara Jean Song has a hat box with her love letters to every boy she’s ever loved. She wrote each and every letter as a way to pour out her feelings and move on, and it was a way for her to say everything she wanted to say in real life but couldn’t. As Lara Jean prepares for big changes in her life, starting with her oldest sister leaving for college and the beginning of junior year, disaster strikes. Somehow her letters are secretly mailed out, leaving Lara Jean to face the boys she once loved and explain herself. Can she save face?
To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before was a breath of fresh air in the contemporary YA category. I loved the story, the characters and the unexpected romance. This is the YA contemp romance you need to read.
The family dynamics are amazing in this book. In fact, much of the focus of the story is on Lara Jean and her family. Lara and her two sisters are exceptionally close after their mother died when they were young. The three sisters have looked after one another and helped each other through the trials of growing up. There are big changes for the family as Margo, the oldest sister prepares to leave for college. I liked that this book explored the family bonds, and that it showed so many different facets of the family.
The romance..... I want to say so much about the romance but I can’t as I don’t want to ruin it. I will say that it is unexpected, it is slow moving, sweet and satisfying and it is a friend’s to lovers romance. So many things to love about the romance.
Lara Jean is a wonderful main character. I liked getting to know her and seeing her insecurities. I especially enjoyed seeing how she handled talking to the boys once her letters went out. She takes a horrible situation and makes it alright. She is a wonderful friend, sister and daughter. It was a joy to see her grow and evolve.
I liked that this was also a story about growing up. Lara Jean takes many big steps toward her future. I loved that the author kept it real as she exposed Lara’s fears, insecurities and her victories.
That ending.... Who puts a cliffhanger ending at the end of a YA contemp romance? It was unexpected and frustrating to say the least. Just when things are taking a pivotal turn, the books ends. One of the most irritating cliffhangers I have experienced in awhile.
I was bothered by the whole letter thing. I knew who mailed the letters out, it was easy to piece it together, I struggled with the fact that Lara Jean didn’t dig more and figure it out as well. I also thought that it was a low blow from the person who mailed the letters.
I was not a fan of the mean girl in the book, especially when she spreads untrue gossip and rumors. I hope she gets hers in the next book.
The audiobook version was okay. I wasn't a huge fan of the narrator because I didn't like her male voices.
To All the Boys I’ve Loved Before was a fun, sweet coming of age book with a delightful romance, excellent family dynamics and memorable characters. I couldn’t put this one down. My big hesitation with this one is the cliffhanger ending. Why put a cliffhanger at the end of a contemporary romance? Luckily, the next books in the series are available so I don’t have to wait. If you haven’t read this author and series, add it to your list.

lowercased:
four stars: a fun coming of age romance with terrific characters, excellent family dynamics, but watch out for the cliffhanger ending.
lara jean song has a hat box with her love letters to every boy she’s ever loved. she wrote each and every letter as a way to pour out her feelings and move on, and it was a way for her to say everything she wanted to say in real life but couldn’t. as lara jean prepares for big changes in her life, starting with her oldest sister leaving for college and the beginning of junior year, disaster strikes. somehow her letters are secretly mailed out, leaving lara jean to face the boys she once loved and explain herself. can she save face?
to all the boys i’ve loved before was a breath of fresh air in the contemporary ya category. i loved the story, the characters and the unexpected romance. this is the ya contemp romance you need to read.
the family dynamics are amazing in this book. in fact, much of the focus of the story is on lara jean and her family. lara and her two sisters are exceptionally close after their mother died when they were young. the three sisters have looked after one another and helped each other through the trials of growing up. there are big changes for the family as margo, the oldest sister prepares to leave for college. i liked that this book explored the family bonds, and that it showed so many different facets of the family.
the romance..... i want to say so much about the romance but i can’t as i don’t want to ruin it. i will say that it is unexpected, it is slow moving, sweet and satisfying and it is a friend’s to lovers romance. so many things to love about the romance.
lara jean is a wonderful main character. i liked getting to know her and seeing her insecurities. i especially enjoyed seeing how she handled talking to the boys once her letters went out. she takes a horrible situation and makes it alright. she is a wonderful friend, sister and daughter. it was a joy to see her grow and evolve.
i liked that this was also a story about growing up. lara jean takes many big steps toward her future. i loved that the author kept it real as she exposed lara’s fears, insecurities and her victories.
that ending.... who puts a cliffhanger ending at the end of a ya contemp romance? it was unexpected and frustrating to say the least. just when things are taking a pivotal turn, the books ends. one of the most irritating cliffhangers i have experienced in awhile.
i was bothered by the whole letter thing. i knew who mailed the letters out, it was easy to piece it together, i struggled with the fact that lara jean didn’t dig more and figure it out as well. i also thought that it was a low blow from the person who mailed the letters.
i was not a fan of the mean girl in the book, especially when she spreads untrue gossip and rumors. i hope she gets hers in the next book.
the audiobook version was okay. i wasn't a huge fan of the narrator because i didn't like her male voices.
to all the boys i’ve loved before was a fun, sweet coming of age book with a delightful romance, excellent family dynamics and memorable characters. i couldn’t put this one down. my big hesitation with this one is the cliffhanger ending. why put a cliffhanger at the end of a contemporary romance? luckily, the next books in the series are available so i don’t have to wait. if you haven’t read this author and series, add it to your list.


text:
Top 25 Tips for YouTube Channels Top 25 Tips For YouTube Channels - YouTube channels are becoming THE place to be noticed and discovered on the internet. Even if you accidentally make a viral video, you need a place to showcase it. YouTube is a big money maker! Don't forget to subscribe to your favorite YouTube Channels, it's free and easy.
Top 10 Best Music videos Top 10 Best Music Videos by Bob Cargill Music - Austin, TX based musician, Bob Cargill, Lead Guitarist and professional studio musician and rock guitarist. Bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music and guitar instrumentals! Bob produces and uploads his own indie music on YouTube. His top 10 recent anime videos are presented here for your viewing and listening experience. Bob creates all of his music and animates his videos to the rock music instrumentals that he composes and perform. Bob mixes his music at his home music studio in the Hill Country.
Top 10 New Music videos Top 10 New Music Videos by Bob Cargill Music - Austin, TX based musician, Bob Cargill, Lead Guitarist and professional studio musician and rock guitarist. Bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music and guitar instrumentals! Bob produces and uploads his own indie music on YouTube. His top 10 recent anime videos are presented here for your viewing and listening experience. Bob creates all of his music and animates his videos to the rock music instrumentals that he composes and perform. Bob mixes his music at his home music studio in the Hill Country.
Best Electronic Gadgets The Best Electronic Gadgets For Musicians - Choosing gifts for men is a challenge, but if they are musicians, here are some cool electronic gadgets for musicians. Some of the most popular gadgets for music are wireless gadgets for guitars, music recording devices, music software for pc's and cool stuff for music lovers. Bucketheads Unite!
Click to buy - The Third Wave Music CD The Third Wave Music CD - Artist/Band: Bob Cargill - Bob Cargill writes, performs and produces all of the music heard on his rock instrumental masterpieces. He plays lead guitar, rhythm guitar, bass guitar, mandolin, beats and even throws in some cool sound effects.
Bob's Mustang Guitar Hauler! Best Cars for Musicians and How to find your personality type based on the car you drive! - Number one thing about men, women and musicians is the key to their personality is directly related to the cars they drive. Their cars are a big extension of their egos and by studying the types of cars a person likes to own and drive, you can understand the man or the girl! Musicians tend to love sports cars or vans to haul musical equipment around in. The key to understanding the man or the woman is by carefully investigating their choice of vehicles. Understand the various personalities by understanding their cars!
Click here to buy - Musical Passenger by Bob Cargill Musical Passenger Music CD - Artist/Band: Bob Cargill - Come ride along with Bob on his musical journey. Bob is traveling down the road, carrying his lead guitar, his base guitar, his rhythm guitar, some sound effects and percussion. With these expert tools, Bob produces some of the best guitar instrumentals ever heard in the music industry. He rides solo. But his music speaks to everyone. Imagine these tunes as a background for life. Perfect accompaniment for indie movies and films, tv shows and just hours of listening pleasure.
Guitar Legends Guitar Legends and Star Guitars - Guitar players have talent to spare, but the guitars they play help make them music legends. Who are the star lead guitarists and what kinds of guitars do they play? Find your special guitar today!
Carpe Mundum Music CD Buy Now! Carpe Mundum Music CD - Carpe Mundum - Seize the World by Bob Cargill Music. Austin, TX based musician, Bob Cargill, Lead Guitarist and professional studio musician with 40 years of experience. Bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music!
Make a Music CD Tutorial How to Create a Music CD at CreateSpace and Amazon - More and more musicians are creating their own music CDs for sale at Amazon. CreateSpace is the place to go to upload your music, create your CD, configure it for marketing, sales and production of your music. Design your own CD artwork, inserts, disc faces and set up an estore to sell your music CD.
Bob Cargill Interview Interview with Bob Cargill - Interview with lead guitar player and indie musician, Bob Cargill. Complete with a video of Bob playing his Les Paul Custom 1990 guitar. Bob works out of his home music studio playing all the parts - lead guitar, bass guitar, rhythm guitar, percussion and other stringed instruments to produce original indie rock instrumentals and animated YouTube videos.
Bob provides free music - He could use a few tips to keep the tunes going!
Please visit our sponsors to find classic music, purchase concert tickets, buy guitars and all musical instruments!

lowercased:
top 25 tips for youtube channels top 25 tips for youtube channels - youtube channels are becoming the place to be noticed and discovered on the internet. even if you accidentally make a viral video, you need a place to showcase it. youtube is a big money maker! don't forget to subscribe to your favorite youtube channels, it's free and easy.
top 10 best music videos top 10 best music videos by bob cargill music - austin, tx based musician, bob cargill, lead guitarist and professional studio musician and rock guitarist. bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music and guitar instrumentals! bob produces and uploads his own indie music on youtube. his top 10 recent anime videos are presented here for your viewing and listening experience. bob creates all of his music and animates his videos to the rock music instrumentals that he composes and perform. bob mixes his music at his home music studio in the hill country.
top 10 new music videos top 10 new music videos by bob cargill music - austin, tx based musician, bob cargill, lead guitarist and professional studio musician and rock guitarist. bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music and guitar instrumentals! bob produces and uploads his own indie music on youtube. his top 10 recent anime videos are presented here for your viewing and listening experience. bob creates all of his music and animates his videos to the rock music instrumentals that he composes and perform. bob mixes his music at his home music studio in the hill country.
best electronic gadgets the best electronic gadgets for musicians - choosing gifts for men is a challenge, but if they are musicians, here are some cool electronic gadgets for musicians. some of the most popular gadgets for music are wireless gadgets for guitars, music recording devices, music software for pc's and cool stuff for music lovers. bucketheads unite!
click to buy - the third wave music cd the third wave music cd - artist/band: bob cargill - bob cargill writes, performs and produces all of the music heard on his rock instrumental masterpieces. he plays lead guitar, rhythm guitar, bass guitar, mandolin, beats and even throws in some cool sound effects.
bob's mustang guitar hauler! best cars for musicians and how to find your personality type based on the car you drive! - number one thing about men, women and musicians is the key to their personality is directly related to the cars they drive. their cars are a big extension of their egos and by studying the types of cars a person likes to own and drive, you can understand the man or the girl! musicians tend to love sports cars or vans to haul musical equipment around in. the key to understanding the man or the woman is by carefully investigating their choice of vehicles. understand the various personalities by understanding their cars!
click here to buy - musical passenger by bob cargill musical passenger music cd - artist/band: bob cargill - come ride along with bob on his musical journey. bob is traveling down the road, carrying his lead guitar, his base guitar, his rhythm guitar, some sound effects and percussion. with these expert tools, bob produces some of the best guitar instrumentals ever heard in the music industry. he rides solo. but his music speaks to everyone. imagine these tunes as a background for life. perfect accompaniment for indie movies and films, tv shows and just hours of listening pleasure.
guitar legends guitar legends and star guitars - guitar players have talent to spare, but the guitars they play help make them music legends. who are the star lead guitarists and what kinds of guitars do they play? find your special guitar today!
carpe mundum music cd buy now! carpe mundum music cd - carpe mundum - seize the world by bob cargill music. austin, tx based musician, bob cargill, lead guitarist and professional studio musician with 40 years of experience. bob's lead guitar is a driving force for great rock music!
make a music cd tutorial how to create a music cd at createspace and amazon - more and more musicians are creating their own music cds for sale at amazon. createspace is the place to go to upload your music, create your cd, configure it for marketing, sales and production of your music. design your own cd artwork, inserts, disc faces and set up an estore to sell your music cd.
bob cargill interview interview with bob cargill - interview with lead guitar player and indie musician, bob cargill. complete with a video of bob playing his les paul custom 1990 guitar. bob works out of his home music studio playing all the parts - lead guitar, bass guitar, rhythm guitar, percussion and other stringed instruments to produce original indie rock instrumentals and animated youtube videos.
bob provides free music - he could use a few tips to keep the tunes going!
please visit our sponsors to find classic music, purchase concert tickets, buy guitars and all musical instruments!


text:
One of the biggest reasons I wanted to push a blog that talk about money is because, as a young family, we’ve gone through a whole lot of financial successes and failures and we want to be able to share the journey with you.
Why so? Because really, there are nuggets of gold when you learn from the mistake of others instead of going through everything your way and then realizing 20 years later, that you are in such a huge financial mess. Right? Of course, you still get to make financial mistakes of your own but at least, you eliminate – or prepare yourself – for the biggest ones.
Our little family started 2012, with me giving birth to our daughter in February 2013. Months prior, I had been in the denial – I was just starting out my corporate career and felt I had so much to accomplish – and, lo and behold, our daughter came as a surprise.
Then came our first financial success: saving up around Php50,000 in cash in just 3 months, in preparation for giving birth.
But having a baby turned out to be a blessing, because it helped set our priorities right. We learning more about managing money – savings, investments, purchasing a house, and so on. We opened up a mutual funds and stock market account, and also started looking into affordable houses, which we finally started paying for in 2015 (we found one the year before but ran into problems; but that’s for another blog post haha).
We made A LOT of financial mistakes along the way despite reading on a bunch of blogs and books. Thank goodness we learned to put a stop to it right away (but we’re still paying for it argh).
In 2017 came another surprise, which is baby #2, which helped us get the ball rolling on our house (we finally moved) and my business (check out my first year journey here).
While we are still paying for our mistakes, I have to admit that those things helped bring us where we are right now.
Thankfully, our financial mess is not THAT big – it could have been worse. And, with me still in my late 20s, there’s still plenty of time to make up for the wrong decisions.
Which is why I wanted to share with you a financial road map especially made for new families.
Because really, it’s a whole different situation when you’re planning your finances around another person and a little human (or more).
Keep in mind though that everyone’s financial journey is never the same. It’s called personal finance for a reason. Nevertheless, it’s good to create some guidelines and road maps to keep your goals in check.
There’s no question about this. Once you have a family, you need to prioritize the basics: food, shelter, clothing, basic health and safety.
You can’t forego food and other basic needs – but you can control how much you spend for each of these things.
While you’re at it, make sure that you also calculate your net worth as it will help you know your current financial standing and create goals.
This means paying for all your utility bills on time: electricity bills, water bills, phone bills and so on. Doing so will help prevent your financial situation from going haywire.
In some countries, this could even help you maintain a good credit standing – in the Philippines, companies are not that strict although I’ve heard of certain situations where outstanding balances can affect your employment.
If you can get rid of certain bills (eg. gym memberships) or lessen them (eg. electricity and water bills), then that will help you tame your budget.
We started tracking our cash flow and net worth in 2016, when we stayed on the road for 21 days with our daughter. Little did we know, it was in preparation for living on our own – because we moved out of our house seven months later!
Tracking our incoming and outgoing money did help us get a bigger picture of our income and expenses, and helped the partner master his grocery budgeting. It also helped me figure out how much we truly needed in order to have a more comfortable lifestyle.
In October 2017, I decided to run a service-based business to increase our household income, because there is only so much you can reduce in your budget.
When we started out, we used a plain old Google Spreadsheet (I love that you can access it anytime, anywhere), but now we use YNAB to keep track of our budget.
We’re talking about HMO here, which, if you are employed, is something you no longer have to worry about.
If you have dependents, you might notice that this takes up a slightly bigger chunk of your payroll compared to your single peers, but at least you have the peace of mind knowing that everyone stays protected in case of hospitalization and other medical emergencies.
From personal experience, I was able to save around Php12,000 in personal expenses (related to pregnancy – OB consultations, lab tests, and a 3D echo for my heart, etc) and around Php24,000 for my daughter’s hospital expenses when she was admitted 3 days in the hospital for gastroenteritis.
That way, if TRUE EMERGENCIES happen, you have funds that you can use instead of pulling out your credit card, or taking a loan from your family, relatives, friends, banks or loan sharks.
Ideally, your emergency funds should be somewhere liquid and easy to get such as a savings account. If you can get a high-yield savings account, then all the better.
Filipinos are not believers of life insurance, by nature. You see, it’s something that you pay for regularly but never really get to use (God forbid you have to use it) – but it gives you the peace of mind knowing that your family has funds they can use just in case the worse happens to you.
There are two main ways you can go about purchasing life insurance but regardless, you need to make sure you have this once you have dependents relying upon you and your income.
I have a whole other story to write about my life insurance purchases but I’ve now secured term life insurance with Sun Life. Yay!
Confession time: we still have a five-figure consumer debt we need to tackle. It’s something that is already ruining my credit history but also something that we are fully aware of – so we hope to get rid of it ideally by the end of 2018, but realistically, maybe somewhere mid 2019.
Earlier this year, we had already paid off debts we have incurred from borrowing money from friends and we plan to stay away from doing that again (and hopefully, not have to borrow from my parents again hahaha).
However, since I’ve lost access to my credit cards (only had two, really), we’ve realized how powerful cash can be and how possible it is to make all your purchases done through cash. We’ve lived our cash-basis lifestyle for maybe two years now and we hope this will continue until…hopefully forever!
If you have don’t have credit cards, then good for you! Better stay away before it consumes you!
If you do have them, just make sure you are able to pay off the entire balance – and not just the minimum – to prevent yourself from incurring huge fees on interest alone.
Time to save up for the big purchases!
In the Philippines, you don’t usually need a huge chunk of money to get started on your dream house or car, unless you build them from scratch or buy them second-hand.
With car sales plummeting lately, you might just be able to see zero downpayment cars left and right! (Yikes, but be careful – that means HUGEEEE monthly payments.) For real estate, you usually just need as low as Php10,000 to reserve your slot and then you can start paying for your downpayment the month after and until the next three years, usually.
When we bought our house in 2015, we made zero plans prior. In fact, we paid for both downpayment (equity) and loan (mortgage) starting on the 4th month because we had no idea what we were getting ourselves into.
You can open up a Money Market Fund or Bond Fund to help you save your money for downpayment!
There are multiple ways that you can compute your emergency fund.
For some, it means saving around 6-12 months’ worth of expenses. Others, they add in multiple expenses such as the most expensive surgery/operation you can avail (or something along these lines).
I suggest going for the former to keep things simple. You also do not want to have a huge chunk of your fortune in your emergency funds alone because you could be missing out in letting your money work for you.
For those in the sandwich generation like we are, there are two groups of people you need to secure this with: your parents and yourself.
We’ve come to realize that because the partner’s mom isn’t financially secured (we also aren’t, really, and I’m not sure what my parents’ status are as well), any real emergency could topple the still-fragile foundation that we are trying to build. Thus, we have to think about securing a senior citizen and two nearly senior citizens – and also ourselves. Whew. That sounds like such a huge burden.
So far, I’ve only seen Kaiser provide health insurance for seniors although they can be really costly and I’m not quite sure about their policy for pre-existing conditions.
You’re never too young to save up for retirement.
Truth be told, we didn’t quite follow this road map – which is why I’m laying it all out here so you learn from our mistakes, and also as a reminder to ourselves so we stay focused on our goals.
We still aren’t clear whether our mutual funds account or our stock market account is for retirement but nevertheless, we will continue to religiously save up money and build our funds there.
Open up an equity or index fund to get started on your retirement fund!
Plus your kids can always apply for a scholarship or work on the side to help pay for their tuition, right?
You can look into getting a Balanced Fund to help build your kids’ college fund.
I do have one tiny objection here: don’t wait for your retirement to enjoy your money!
Right now, we’re doing our best to put in some fun and leisure while the kids are still young. We don’t want to put off traveling when we’re gray and old and the kids no longer want to join us. Where’s the fun in that?
But definitely, think about the leisure activities you can enjoy during retirement and save up for it!
If you want to build better financial habits, achieve financial freedom or even follow the F.I.R.E. (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement, then follow us on Facebook or join our brand new Facebook group! Let’s encourage each other and slay our goals!
We’re also doing a 30 Days to Improve Your Finances series here on the blog, so make sure you keep your eyes peeled for daily posts in January!

lowercased:
one of the biggest reasons i wanted to push a blog that talk about money is because, as a young family, we’ve gone through a whole lot of financial successes and failures and we want to be able to share the journey with you.
why so? because really, there are nuggets of gold when you learn from the mistake of others instead of going through everything your way and then realizing 20 years later, that you are in such a huge financial mess. right? of course, you still get to make financial mistakes of your own but at least, you eliminate – or prepare yourself – for the biggest ones.
our little family started 2012, with me giving birth to our daughter in february 2013. months prior, i had been in the denial – i was just starting out my corporate career and felt i had so much to accomplish – and, lo and behold, our daughter came as a surprise.
then came our first financial success: saving up around php50,000 in cash in just 3 months, in preparation for giving birth.
but having a baby turned out to be a blessing, because it helped set our priorities right. we learning more about managing money – savings, investments, purchasing a house, and so on. we opened up a mutual funds and stock market account, and also started looking into affordable houses, which we finally started paying for in 2015 (we found one the year before but ran into problems; but that’s for another blog post haha).
we made a lot of financial mistakes along the way despite reading on a bunch of blogs and books. thank goodness we learned to put a stop to it right away (but we’re still paying for it argh).
in 2017 came another surprise, which is baby #2, which helped us get the ball rolling on our house (we finally moved) and my business (check out my first year journey here).
while we are still paying for our mistakes, i have to admit that those things helped bring us where we are right now.
thankfully, our financial mess is not that big – it could have been worse. and, with me still in my late 20s, there’s still plenty of time to make up for the wrong decisions.
which is why i wanted to share with you a financial road map especially made for new families.
because really, it’s a whole different situation when you’re planning your finances around another person and a little human (or more).
keep in mind though that everyone’s financial journey is never the same. it’s called personal finance for a reason. nevertheless, it’s good to create some guidelines and road maps to keep your goals in check.
there’s no question about this. once you have a family, you need to prioritize the basics: food, shelter, clothing, basic health and safety.
you can’t forego food and other basic needs – but you can control how much you spend for each of these things.
while you’re at it, make sure that you also calculate your net worth as it will help you know your current financial standing and create goals.
this means paying for all your utility bills on time: electricity bills, water bills, phone bills and so on. doing so will help prevent your financial situation from going haywire.
in some countries, this could even help you maintain a good credit standing – in the philippines, companies are not that strict although i’ve heard of certain situations where outstanding balances can affect your employment.
if you can get rid of certain bills (eg. gym memberships) or lessen them (eg. electricity and water bills), then that will help you tame your budget.
we started tracking our cash flow and net worth in 2016, when we stayed on the road for 21 days with our daughter. little did we know, it was in preparation for living on our own – because we moved out of our house seven months later!
tracking our incoming and outgoing money did help us get a bigger picture of our income and expenses, and helped the partner master his grocery budgeting. it also helped me figure out how much we truly needed in order to have a more comfortable lifestyle.
in october 2017, i decided to run a service-based business to increase our household income, because there is only so much you can reduce in your budget.
when we started out, we used a plain old google spreadsheet (i love that you can access it anytime, anywhere), but now we use ynab to keep track of our budget.
we’re talking about hmo here, which, if you are employed, is something you no longer have to worry about.
if you have dependents, you might notice that this takes up a slightly bigger chunk of your payroll compared to your single peers, but at least you have the peace of mind knowing that everyone stays protected in case of hospitalization and other medical emergencies.
from personal experience, i was able to save around php12,000 in personal expenses (related to pregnancy – ob consultations, lab tests, and a 3d echo for my heart, etc) and around php24,000 for my daughter’s hospital expenses when she was admitted 3 days in the hospital for gastroenteritis.
that way, if true emergencies happen, you have funds that you can use instead of pulling out your credit card, or taking a loan from your family, relatives, friends, banks or loan sharks.
ideally, your emergency funds should be somewhere liquid and easy to get such as a savings account. if you can get a high-yield savings account, then all the better.
filipinos are not believers of life insurance, by nature. you see, it’s something that you pay for regularly but never really get to use (god forbid you have to use it) – but it gives you the peace of mind knowing that your family has funds they can use just in case the worse happens to you.
there are two main ways you can go about purchasing life insurance but regardless, you need to make sure you have this once you have dependents relying upon you and your income.
i have a whole other story to write about my life insurance purchases but i’ve now secured term life insurance with sun life. yay!
confession time: we still have a five-figure consumer debt we need to tackle. it’s something that is already ruining my credit history but also something that we are fully aware of – so we hope to get rid of it ideally by the end of 2018, but realistically, maybe somewhere mid 2019.
earlier this year, we had already paid off debts we have incurred from borrowing money from friends and we plan to stay away from doing that again (and hopefully, not have to borrow from my parents again hahaha).
however, since i’ve lost access to my credit cards (only had two, really), we’ve realized how powerful cash can be and how possible it is to make all your purchases done through cash. we’ve lived our cash-basis lifestyle for maybe two years now and we hope this will continue until…hopefully forever!
if you have don’t have credit cards, then good for you! better stay away before it consumes you!
if you do have them, just make sure you are able to pay off the entire balance – and not just the minimum – to prevent yourself from incurring huge fees on interest alone.
time to save up for the big purchases!
in the philippines, you don’t usually need a huge chunk of money to get started on your dream house or car, unless you build them from scratch or buy them second-hand.
with car sales plummeting lately, you might just be able to see zero downpayment cars left and right! (yikes, but be careful – that means hugeeee monthly payments.) for real estate, you usually just need as low as php10,000 to reserve your slot and then you can start paying for your downpayment the month after and until the next three years, usually.
when we bought our house in 2015, we made zero plans prior. in fact, we paid for both downpayment (equity) and loan (mortgage) starting on the 4th month because we had no idea what we were getting ourselves into.
you can open up a money market fund or bond fund to help you save your money for downpayment!
there are multiple ways that you can compute your emergency fund.
for some, it means saving around 6-12 months’ worth of expenses. others, they add in multiple expenses such as the most expensive surgery/operation you can avail (or something along these lines).
i suggest going for the former to keep things simple. you also do not want to have a huge chunk of your fortune in your emergency funds alone because you could be missing out in letting your money work for you.
for those in the sandwich generation like we are, there are two groups of people you need to secure this with: your parents and yourself.
we’ve come to realize that because the partner’s mom isn’t financially secured (we also aren’t, really, and i’m not sure what my parents’ status are as well), any real emergency could topple the still-fragile foundation that we are trying to build. thus, we have to think about securing a senior citizen and two nearly senior citizens – and also ourselves. whew. that sounds like such a huge burden.
so far, i’ve only seen kaiser provide health insurance for seniors although they can be really costly and i’m not quite sure about their policy for pre-existing conditions.
you’re never too young to save up for retirement.
truth be told, we didn’t quite follow this road map – which is why i’m laying it all out here so you learn from our mistakes, and also as a reminder to ourselves so we stay focused on our goals.
we still aren’t clear whether our mutual funds account or our stock market account is for retirement but nevertheless, we will continue to religiously save up money and build our funds there.
open up an equity or index fund to get started on your retirement fund!
plus your kids can always apply for a scholarship or work on the side to help pay for their tuition, right?
you can look into getting a balanced fund to help build your kids’ college fund.
i do have one tiny objection here: don’t wait for your retirement to enjoy your money!
right now, we’re doing our best to put in some fun and leisure while the kids are still young. we don’t want to put off traveling when we’re gray and old and the kids no longer want to join us. where’s the fun in that?
but definitely, think about the leisure activities you can enjoy during retirement and save up for it!
if you want to build better financial habits, achieve financial freedom or even follow the f.i.r.e. (financial independence, retire early) movement, then follow us on facebook or join our brand new facebook group! let’s encourage each other and slay our goals!
we’re also doing a 30 days to improve your finances series here on the blog, so make sure you keep your eyes peeled for daily posts in january!


text:
Sometimes the oral gum tissue can be very thick, or cover too much of the teeth, resulting in “short” teeth or a “gummy” smile. This can be caused by medications, inflammation due to gum disease, or when bone extends too close to the surface of a tooth. A gingivectomy procedure can be utilized to alleviate these issues, eliminating excess gum tissue and resulting in proper amounts of tooth structure being covered by tissues.
Gingivectomy procedures can be used as a cosmetic periodontal surgery to make teeth look ideal in size and shape when too much tissues is covering your healthy teeth, and can also be used to remove excess tissue that has grown as a reaction to certain medications (anti-seizure, organ-transplant, or certain high blood pressure drugs) that are being taken. In addition, it can also be used to remove inflamed/infected tissue around periodontally-involved teeth.
A frenum is a naturally-occurring muscle attachment that is present between your lip and gum tissue. It is most prominent between upper and lower front teeth. Although frenum attachments are part of normal anatomy, they can often cause other issues in your mouth. If a frenum attachment is too strong it can cause tooth recession resulting in the need for a gum grafting procedure. However, if the frenum is not corrected, this recession will occur again. A frenum attachment can also be so large and strong that it can prevent teeth from coming together resulting in a gap between the front teeth. This can be an aesthetic concern and can also be an issue during orthodontic treatment.
A frenectomy is a procedure in which the frenum is surgically released from the gum, removing the excess tension that is present in the muscle attachment. A frenectomy may be done with or without gum grafting. It is very important that one of our doctors be consulted when orthodontic treatment is planned, as the removal of an irregular frenum can significantly improve the success and stability of your orthodontic treatment.
Please contact us for more information or to book a consult at our Vancouver or Coquitlam Offices.

lowercased:
sometimes the oral gum tissue can be very thick, or cover too much of the teeth, resulting in “short” teeth or a “gummy” smile. this can be caused by medications, inflammation due to gum disease, or when bone extends too close to the surface of a tooth. a gingivectomy procedure can be utilized to alleviate these issues, eliminating excess gum tissue and resulting in proper amounts of tooth structure being covered by tissues.
gingivectomy procedures can be used as a cosmetic periodontal surgery to make teeth look ideal in size and shape when too much tissues is covering your healthy teeth, and can also be used to remove excess tissue that has grown as a reaction to certain medications (anti-seizure, organ-transplant, or certain high blood pressure drugs) that are being taken. in addition, it can also be used to remove inflamed/infected tissue around periodontally-involved teeth.
a frenum is a naturally-occurring muscle attachment that is present between your lip and gum tissue. it is most prominent between upper and lower front teeth. although frenum attachments are part of normal anatomy, they can often cause other issues in your mouth. if a frenum attachment is too strong it can cause tooth recession resulting in the need for a gum grafting procedure. however, if the frenum is not corrected, this recession will occur again. a frenum attachment can also be so large and strong that it can prevent teeth from coming together resulting in a gap between the front teeth. this can be an aesthetic concern and can also be an issue during orthodontic treatment.
a frenectomy is a procedure in which the frenum is surgically released from the gum, removing the excess tension that is present in the muscle attachment. a frenectomy may be done with or without gum grafting. it is very important that one of our doctors be consulted when orthodontic treatment is planned, as the removal of an irregular frenum can significantly improve the success and stability of your orthodontic treatment.
please contact us for more information or to book a consult at our vancouver or coquitlam offices.


text: Lettieri, Alfred Salvatone, "Text compression and encryptography with self-learning infinite dimensional networks" (1983). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 3787.

lowercased: lettieri, alfred salvatone, "text compression and encryptography with self-learning infinite dimensional networks" (1983). graduate theses and dissertations. 3787.


text:
Routine violence and muezzins’ calls for prayers shape the time-flow of daily life in Indian Kashmir. From traumatic memories of a guerrilla’s funeral to the present anti-India street-riots, throughout a maimed muhajideen’s tale, people’s destiny seems to be stretched between hope and anger, love and grief, poetry and brutality. Every milestone in people’s stories -being it the first army crackdown in the valley or the decision to leave for Afghanistan to get guerrilla-warfare training- seems to happen in a mosque, just immediately after prayers. Almost 30 years have gone since the beginning of the armed struggle and notwithstanding a widespread frustration, the controversial dream of Kashmir’s independence, along with the nightmare of the conflict, is still preserved alive. It is again after Friday’s prayers that Kashmiri youngsters regularly engage Indian soldiers in stone-throwing riots, and it is ultimately here that the vicious cycle of violence, nourished by new martyrs’ fresh blood, keeps perpetuating in the intimacy of ordinary life.
Simone Mestroni has developed visual storytelling skills along with his fieldwork research on ethnographic aspects of Kashmiri conflict. While completing his PhD in anthropology he has been working as video operator with Donatello Conti and Giulio Squarci, and as fixer for Fausto Podavini for his photographic works in India. In October 2017 his first documentary “After Prayers” Prayers” has been awarded with the Wenner Gren Foundation postdoctoral grant. Mestroni’s ethnographic book on Kashmir, titled “Lines of Control,” is going to be released by summer 2018 and will be used as textbook for academic courses in three Italian universities.

lowercased:
routine violence and muezzins’ calls for prayers shape the time-flow of daily life in indian kashmir. from traumatic memories of a guerrilla’s funeral to the present anti-india street-riots, throughout a maimed muhajideen’s tale, people’s destiny seems to be stretched between hope and anger, love and grief, poetry and brutality. every milestone in people’s stories -being it the first army crackdown in the valley or the decision to leave for afghanistan to get guerrilla-warfare training- seems to happen in a mosque, just immediately after prayers. almost 30 years have gone since the beginning of the armed struggle and notwithstanding a widespread frustration, the controversial dream of kashmir’s independence, along with the nightmare of the conflict, is still preserved alive. it is again after friday’s prayers that kashmiri youngsters regularly engage indian soldiers in stone-throwing riots, and it is ultimately here that the vicious cycle of violence, nourished by new martyrs’ fresh blood, keeps perpetuating in the intimacy of ordinary life.
simone mestroni has developed visual storytelling skills along with his fieldwork research on ethnographic aspects of kashmiri conflict. while completing his phd in anthropology he has been working as video operator with donatello conti and giulio squarci, and as fixer for fausto podavini for his photographic works in india. in october 2017 his first documentary “after prayers” prayers” has been awarded with the wenner gren foundation postdoctoral grant. mestroni’s ethnographic book on kashmir, titled “lines of control,” is going to be released by summer 2018 and will be used as textbook for academic courses in three italian universities.


text:
At Pennard we use VCOPS to help your child with their writing. Read on to find more!
Vocabulary has the power to help people really see how things look.
It holds the secret of how characters and places really feel.
Although words for sights and sounds are good they are very important to help explain taste, touch, smell and feelings too.
We learn how to pick just the right nouns or verbs to give writing real power over a reader.
We learn how to use the right adjectives and adverbs to hypnotise people into really seeing and feeling a piece of writing.
Noun – A word that names a person, place or thing: The tired, scaredboy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
Adjective – A word used to describe a person, place or thing: Thetired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
Verb – A word to describe action; what is happening in the sentence: The tired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
Adverb -A word to describe how the action is taking place: The tired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
Connectives help us link ideas together.
Without them our writing can be repetitive and boring.
Connectives give us opportunity to add more detail to a sentence, but they don’t always appear in the middle of sentences!
Openers help us add structure and interest to our writing, their job is to hook the reader in and keep them reading. We can start sentences in lots of different ways.
Sometimes – they jump up and tells the reader when something is happening.
First – they can tell when something happened.
Suddenly,Crazily – great adverb openers.
Dangerous, dark and damp – amazing adjective openers.
Although – can be a link between ideas at the beginning of a sentence too.
Alternatively, they can be used to express an opposite idea.
On dark, windy nights, when even the wolves stay in their dens, – sometimes they can be a whole phrase!
Punctuation helps us start and stop a sentence. If capital letters and full stops are missing, or in the wrong place, writing is weak. It will not have the power to grab a reader!
We also use commas to separate ideas. They work well when combined with connectives and openers.
Yes! We use exclamation marks for emphasis!
We can reveal what characters actually say with speech marks.
Do we ask questions? Of course, it’s a great weapon for hooking a reader.
Helping your child with V.C.O.P at home.
• Talk about and write down interesting (Wow) words in the stories you are reading at home.
• Try using the words you have found in a sentence.
• Have a mini-quiz: ‘How many words can you think of instead of ‘said’?’ or ‘went’, ‘nice’, ‘good’. Put each one in a sentence.
• Give your child a Wow word to put into a sentence. How many different sentences can they make?
• Give your child two different words and ask them to make different sentences from them. E.g.: ‘magical’ and ‘boy’.
• Remind them that they should use all their VCOPS skills when writing these sentences!
Connectives are used to join sentences together. The simplest connective to use is ‘and’, as in: Bill went to the shops and he bought an ice-cream.
• Try to search for connectives in the stories you read at home. Use them in a different sentence.
• Try rearranging sentences with the connectives at the start. E.g. The little boy shivered despite it being warm in the cave. – Despite it being warm in the cave the little boy shivered.
• Give your child a connective and ask them to use it in a sentence.
• Searching for openers in the stories you read at home and use them to start your own sentences.
• Give your child an opener and ask them to complete the sentence.
• Look at different types of punctuation in your reading at home.
• Ask your child to give examples of when they would use a ? or ! or . or , – use the punctuation pyramid.
• Use different types of punctuation in different sentences.

lowercased:
at pennard we use vcops to help your child with their writing. read on to find more!
vocabulary has the power to help people really see how things look.
it holds the secret of how characters and places really feel.
although words for sights and sounds are good they are very important to help explain taste, touch, smell and feelings too.
we learn how to pick just the right nouns or verbs to give writing real power over a reader.
we learn how to use the right adjectives and adverbs to hypnotise people into really seeing and feeling a piece of writing.
noun – a word that names a person, place or thing: the tired, scaredboy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
adjective – a word used to describe a person, place or thing: thetired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
verb – a word to describe action; what is happening in the sentence: the tired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
adverb -a word to describe how the action is taking place: the tired, scared boy trudged slowly through the thick mud.
connectives help us link ideas together.
without them our writing can be repetitive and boring.
connectives give us opportunity to add more detail to a sentence, but they don’t always appear in the middle of sentences!
openers help us add structure and interest to our writing, their job is to hook the reader in and keep them reading. we can start sentences in lots of different ways.
sometimes – they jump up and tells the reader when something is happening.
first – they can tell when something happened.
suddenly,crazily – great adverb openers.
dangerous, dark and damp – amazing adjective openers.
although – can be a link between ideas at the beginning of a sentence too.
alternatively, they can be used to express an opposite idea.
on dark, windy nights, when even the wolves stay in their dens, – sometimes they can be a whole phrase!
punctuation helps us start and stop a sentence. if capital letters and full stops are missing, or in the wrong place, writing is weak. it will not have the power to grab a reader!
we also use commas to separate ideas. they work well when combined with connectives and openers.
yes! we use exclamation marks for emphasis!
we can reveal what characters actually say with speech marks.
do we ask questions? of course, it’s a great weapon for hooking a reader.
helping your child with v.c.o.p at home.
• talk about and write down interesting (wow) words in the stories you are reading at home.
• try using the words you have found in a sentence.
• have a mini-quiz: ‘how many words can you think of instead of ‘said’?’ or ‘went’, ‘nice’, ‘good’. put each one in a sentence.
• give your child a wow word to put into a sentence. how many different sentences can they make?
• give your child two different words and ask them to make different sentences from them. e.g.: ‘magical’ and ‘boy’.
• remind them that they should use all their vcops skills when writing these sentences!
connectives are used to join sentences together. the simplest connective to use is ‘and’, as in: bill went to the shops and he bought an ice-cream.
• try to search for connectives in the stories you read at home. use them in a different sentence.
• try rearranging sentences with the connectives at the start. e.g. the little boy shivered despite it being warm in the cave. – despite it being warm in the cave the little boy shivered.
• give your child a connective and ask them to use it in a sentence.
• searching for openers in the stories you read at home and use them to start your own sentences.
• give your child an opener and ask them to complete the sentence.
• look at different types of punctuation in your reading at home.
• ask your child to give examples of when they would use a ? or ! or . or , – use the punctuation pyramid.
• use different types of punctuation in different sentences.