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New York's American Scandinavian Society honors Elfi von Kantzow Alvin.
New York's American Scandinavian Society bestowed a much deserved award to one of its longest, most active members.
What follows below is a loving portrait by Elfi's friend and fellow New York Scandinavian, Lisa Resling Halpern.
This past December, the American Scandinavian Society held its annual Holiday Gala. The elegant Metropolitan Club could not have been a more beautiful setting, the wine was flowing, the food was perfect, Lucias sang on the grand stairs, the dance floor was well attended, deals were had at the silent auction, and as if this were not enough, all gathered had the chance to honor the fabulous, Elfi von Kantzow Alvin.
One of my first memories of Elfi was at a gala many, many years ago. From across the room I saw this woman with a long, blond French braid wearing a stunning blue dress. When I went over to compliment her, she said "Oh you like it? Thank you-it was my mother’s." That night an admiration grew that exists to this day. You cannot help but notice that she is glamorous but she is so much more than that; Elfi is one of the most generous and kind-hearted people you could hope to meet.
Elfi has dedicated a great part of her life to celebrating and encouraging Scandinavian artists. She is the chair and modus vivendi of the American Scandinavian Arts committee, has curated countless Scandinavian art exhibitions in New York and presented the works of more than 250 artists. Her commitment to discovery and providing a forum for Scandinavian artists is legendary. She has introduced audiences to Scandinavian art and multi media, and led art tours from Red Hook to Harlem, from the Bronx to Chelsea and so much more.
As a matter of fact, seven years ago when we celebrated Elfi and her husband Ib’s 50th anniversary, Nane Annan (wife of Kofi Annan) wrote movingly about Elfi’s support encouraging her to pursue a career as an artist.
Elfi is definitively one of the cornerstones of the Scandinavian community in New York. Catch her if you can as she traverses the city with unrelenting energy and enthusiasm. What is most impressive is that she remains humble.
Some years ago the Trygve Lie Gallery in New York held a retrospective. This fantastic event reminded us that not only has Elfi helped develop and encourage artists, she herself has had a successful career—first as a ballerina and subsequently designing costumes and sets for theater as well as interior design. In 1976 Elfi received Konungens Guldmedalj for her contribution to the Swedish Artist Gala at the Lincoln Center. In 1998 she received the Order of the Lion, 1st class, of Finland. Elfi has also been celebrated by the American Swedish Historical Museum and the Danish American Society, among others. You would never know this by meeting her as Elfi is forever focused on how she can be of service to others.
I have known Elfi Alvin for a very long time but I never stopped being amazed by her vivacity. Last winter the Danish American Society had the good fortune to host the Danish National Girls Choir. We were at the Museum of the City of New York and it had started to snow. Many people were deterred by the weather but as I was standing in the hall I looked out and saw a single figure braving the snow and wind. It slowly became apparent that Elfi arrived despite the weather. She thanked me for including her that evening and said she had been moved by the performance. I could not help myself and asked, “Why did you come out in such terrible weather? You had good reason to stay home.” Elfi responded “Because I felt you needed me here.” Well yes Elfi, I did and I do. I need you here. You remind me that it is always worth it to go that extra mile. You are an inspiration.
Our favorite portrait of one of our favorite people in New York. Elfi von Kantzow Alvin, posing in front of her own work at “Tribute to Elfi,” an earlier “retrospective of a life’s work.” A fine painter, she has had a parallel career in designing costumes and sets for theatrical productions both on Broadway and in Stockholm. She has also been an interior designer of homes, restaurants, lobbies and offices.
As founder and chairperson of the Art Committee of the American Scandinavian Society, she has been curator of more than 60 Scandinavian art exhibits in New York, presenting 250 artists to the area.
Elfi with long time friend and fellow member of the Scandinavian cultural core of New York city, Rolf Stang.
Elfi von Kantzow Alvin honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award by American Scandinavian Society, New York.

lowercased:
new york's american scandinavian society honors elfi von kantzow alvin.
new york's american scandinavian society bestowed a much deserved award to one of its longest, most active members.
what follows below is a loving portrait by elfi's friend and fellow new york scandinavian, lisa resling halpern.
this past december, the american scandinavian society held its annual holiday gala. the elegant metropolitan club could not have been a more beautiful setting, the wine was flowing, the food was perfect, lucias sang on the grand stairs, the dance floor was well attended, deals were had at the silent auction, and as if this were not enough, all gathered had the chance to honor the fabulous, elfi von kantzow alvin.
one of my first memories of elfi was at a gala many, many years ago. from across the room i saw this woman with a long, blond french braid wearing a stunning blue dress. when i went over to compliment her, she said "oh you like it? thank you-it was my mother’s." that night an admiration grew that exists to this day. you cannot help but notice that she is glamorous but she is so much more than that; elfi is one of the most generous and kind-hearted people you could hope to meet.
elfi has dedicated a great part of her life to celebrating and encouraging scandinavian artists. she is the chair and modus vivendi of the american scandinavian arts committee, has curated countless scandinavian art exhibitions in new york and presented the works of more than 250 artists. her commitment to discovery and providing a forum for scandinavian artists is legendary. she has introduced audiences to scandinavian art and multi media, and led art tours from red hook to harlem, from the bronx to chelsea and so much more.
as a matter of fact, seven years ago when we celebrated elfi and her husband ib’s 50th anniversary, nane annan (wife of kofi annan) wrote movingly about elfi’s support encouraging her to pursue a career as an artist.
elfi is definitively one of the cornerstones of the scandinavian community in new york. catch her if you can as she traverses the city with unrelenting energy and enthusiasm. what is most impressive is that she remains humble.
some years ago the trygve lie gallery in new york held a retrospective. this fantastic event reminded us that not only has elfi helped develop and encourage artists, she herself has had a successful career—first as a ballerina and subsequently designing costumes and sets for theater as well as interior design. in 1976 elfi received konungens guldmedalj for her contribution to the swedish artist gala at the lincoln center. in 1998 she received the order of the lion, 1st class, of finland. elfi has also been celebrated by the american swedish historical museum and the danish american society, among others. you would never know this by meeting her as elfi is forever focused on how she can be of service to others.
i have known elfi alvin for a very long time but i never stopped being amazed by her vivacity. last winter the danish american society had the good fortune to host the danish national girls choir. we were at the museum of the city of new york and it had started to snow. many people were deterred by the weather but as i was standing in the hall i looked out and saw a single figure braving the snow and wind. it slowly became apparent that elfi arrived despite the weather. she thanked me for including her that evening and said she had been moved by the performance. i could not help myself and asked, “why did you come out in such terrible weather? you had good reason to stay home.” elfi responded “because i felt you needed me here.” well yes elfi, i did and i do. i need you here. you remind me that it is always worth it to go that extra mile. you are an inspiration.
our favorite portrait of one of our favorite people in new york. elfi von kantzow alvin, posing in front of her own work at “tribute to elfi,” an earlier “retrospective of a life’s work.” a fine painter, she has had a parallel career in designing costumes and sets for theatrical productions both on broadway and in stockholm. she has also been an interior designer of homes, restaurants, lobbies and offices.
as founder and chairperson of the art committee of the american scandinavian society, she has been curator of more than 60 scandinavian art exhibits in new york, presenting 250 artists to the area.
elfi with long time friend and fellow member of the scandinavian cultural core of new york city, rolf stang.
elfi von kantzow alvin honored with a lifetime achievement award by american scandinavian society, new york.


text:
This time of year, we are so busy that I don't even know what day it is.
Last Thursday, I went about thinking it was Monday.
We have a few weeks of rising at 4am and hitting the pillow at 10pm...or later... totally exhausted, but comforted in the feeling that we are making progress.
I bake and I cook trying to keep Darren full of good things to keep his stamina up.
Most days, I can't even accomplish a quarter of what is on my list.
Darren swathes, and fluffs, and bales and we pray for no rain.
God has been so good this year...our weather has been hot and breezy.
The boys have been baling this year and like to look at their work.
Giving your little brother a piggy back makes his view a little better:).
I go to bed long after Darren, open my window wide, and drift off to sleep with the sweet grass aroma lingering on a warm breeze.
Thank you SO much for your prayers for our family.
What large beautiful fields of hay. So Peaceful.
Our hayfield next door has not been cut yet due to bursts of rain here and there. I suspect any day now though.
I know what you mean... the scent is heavenly.
Hope you will be able to catch up on some rest soon.
Wow. It's beautiful, Julia. I'm so glad that the weather has been good. I would love to be your shadow through one of these long days and see and help with all of the sweet farm-day things that keep you busy.
Your photos speak for themselves and your children are beautiful.
Growing up in the country, I know how much work this is. But so nice to live in the country and raise your children. Hope you get some rest soon.

lowercased:
this time of year, we are so busy that i don't even know what day it is.
last thursday, i went about thinking it was monday.
we have a few weeks of rising at 4am and hitting the pillow at 10pm...or later... totally exhausted, but comforted in the feeling that we are making progress.
i bake and i cook trying to keep darren full of good things to keep his stamina up.
most days, i can't even accomplish a quarter of what is on my list.
darren swathes, and fluffs, and bales and we pray for no rain.
god has been so good this year...our weather has been hot and breezy.
the boys have been baling this year and like to look at their work.
giving your little brother a piggy back makes his view a little better:).
i go to bed long after darren, open my window wide, and drift off to sleep with the sweet grass aroma lingering on a warm breeze.
thank you so much for your prayers for our family.
what large beautiful fields of hay. so peaceful.
our hayfield next door has not been cut yet due to bursts of rain here and there. i suspect any day now though.
i know what you mean... the scent is heavenly.
hope you will be able to catch up on some rest soon.
wow. it's beautiful, julia. i'm so glad that the weather has been good. i would love to be your shadow through one of these long days and see and help with all of the sweet farm-day things that keep you busy.
your photos speak for themselves and your children are beautiful.
growing up in the country, i know how much work this is. but so nice to live in the country and raise your children. hope you get some rest soon.


text:
CRIMPABLE COAXIAL CONNECTOR Filed Jan. 5, 1965 s Sheets-Sheet [NVlLV/ORS Min-mm. Fnauug oKup Rania-r STANLEY STULL BY 4. 2; M i/M United States Patent 3,297,979 CRIMPABLE COAXIAL CONNECTOR Michael F. OKeefe and Robert S. Stull, Mechanicsburg, Pa., assignors to AMP Incorporated, Harrisburg, Pa. Filed Jan. 5, 1965, Ser. No. 423,501 11 (Ilaims. (Cl. 339177) This invention relates to an improve-d coaxial connector which features a simultaneous connection of electrical paths in a single crimping operation and is a continuationin-part of our application S.N. 325,222 filed November 21, 1963, now abandoned.
The expanding use of coaxial cable to answer the needs of the communications industry has created a distinct problem with respect to 'both connector construction and installation. The basis of the problem is tied to the construction of the coaxial cable wherein a central conductor is surrounded by a relatively soft dielectrical insulating material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor of thin metallic tubing or woven wire braid usually covered over by a rubber sheath. The outer conductor being of a relatively large diameter does not lend itself to the prior art practice of soldering, since the soldering operation must be carried substantially around the periphery of the outer conductor to assure a contact path of sufficient area. On the other hand, standard crimping techniques have caused difficulties with respect to inward disposition of the outer conductor resulting in breakage and in a displacement relative to the inner conductor which makes for signal reflection and energy loss incident thereto.
The common approach offered to solve the foregoing problems has been to provide a relatively complicated assembly of supporting and positioning metallic members and a number of dielectric inserts, gaskets, seals and the like, to accomplish a satisfactory mechanical connection having good electrical characteristics. As one result, the connectors of the prior art have a very substantial number of individual pieces which must be manufactured to close tolerances and assembled with considerable care. Another result of prior art connector constructions has been to make the installation of a coaxial connector sufficiently tedious to preclude the use of nonskilled or even semiskilled labor.
It is one object of the present invention to provide a coaxial connector of few and simple components adaptable for low cost manufacture and rapid assembly.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a simple and inexpensive coaxial connecter construction including features permitting an assembly of parts without need for special tooling.
It is another object of the invention to provide an improved coaxial connector construction including features facilitating installation on coaxial cable.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a coaxial connector including features permit-ting the installation of the connector to be accomplished by a series of simultaneously applied crimps.
It is still a further object of the invention to provide a coaxial connector having improved mechanical and electrical characteristics in conjunction with a novel push-on collar construction.
The connector of the invention accomplishes the foregoing objectives through the use of a one-piece metallic shell housing two dielectric inserts, which are locked therein by the interior configuration of the shell and which in turn support and lock a central hollow contact pin member or members in a proper coaxial relationship and against longitudinal float. The rear portion of the shell is arranged to receive a ferrule cri-mped thereagainst to provide a connection with the outer conductor of coaxial cable and a further crimp to provide mechanical ice support to the cable positioned from the end of the sleeve extension. The interior of the rear dielectric insert is such as to receive the stripped portions of a cable and guide such into the interior of the insert. The forward exterior portion of the shell is threaded to receive a collar adaptable to lock the connector to a complementary mating connector member not shown. The arrangement of the crimping sleeve ferrule and central pin member or members is such that total length is minimized to permit a simultaneous application of the three crimps involved. Additionally, a push-on accessory sleeve is taught as an alteration to the collar.
FIGURE 8 is a perspective partially sectioned, of the device of FIGURE 7 in use.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, there is shown the connector 2.0 of the invention, attached to a coaxial cable 10. The connector 20 is used with a complementary half, not shown, adapted to receive the central pin member and threading the connector collar in a standard fashion. The complementary connector half may represent a socket mounted on the chassis of electronic equpiment or may represent a connector half joined to a further coaxial cable similar to 10.
The coaxial cable 10 is typical of a number of cables utilized to carry communication signals between points such as between the antenna and first stage of UHF television equipment. In certain uses of coaxial cable, the outer conductor serves as a shielding means to protect signals carried on the inner conductor and in other uses the outer and inner conductor serve to channel signal energy transferred in higher frequency modes. The typical construction of coaxial cable such as 10, includes an outer and protective insulating sheath 12, and outer conductor 14- of metallic braid or thin metallic tubing, a dielectric or insulating spacer 16 and a central conductor 1-8. One frequently employed cable construction features a polyvinyl chloride protective sheath, a braided copper outer conductor, a polyvinyl chloride or Teflon dielectric spacer and a stranded copper center conductor. -In connecting cables such as 10, it is important that the connection achieves a mechanical integrity exceeding or at least approaching that of the: cable itself, and it is preferable for the connector to provide a transmission path having characteristics similar to that of the cable so as to preclude signal degradation.
The connector 20 of the invention includes features which assure that the above mentioned objectives are achieved with respect to installation on cable such as 10. Connector 20 is comprised of but six components, including a housing 22 housing a forward dielectric insert 38, a rear dielectric insert 46, a central conductive pin member 60, a ferrule 72 and a locking collar 80, shown in FIGURE 1 as slipped up on the housing.
This six component assembly compares quite favorably with prior art devices for the same function including ten or more components. In use, as will become more apparent hereinafter, the connector 28 is installed on a suitably prepared cable with a series of three crimps which may be performed simultaneously if desired, but in any event do not require steps of threading, soldering or special preparation of the cable to be connected, other than a simple stripping procedure.
The housing 22 is in essence, a metallic shell including a body portion 24, having a forward flange portion 26, externally threaded as indicated, and an internal forward bore 28 of a slight inward taper of angle A adapted to accommodate dielectric inserts 38 and 46. On the front face of 22, as best shown in FIGURE 3, are a pair of projections 23, adapted to fit in correspond ing projections disposed around the periphery of the connector half into which 26 is plugged. The projections 23 serve to key the connector against rotation relative thereto once the connector is plugged in and the collar thereof threaded down. This operates to prevent cable twist from causing the connector to be accidentally unthreaded. At the opposite end of 22 from the opening of bore 28, is a tapered internal portion 30, which serves as a transition between the bore 28 and the interior of a housing crimping sleeve 32, such interior being shown as bore 34.
The exterior of crimping sleeve 32 includes a series of annular slots or grooves 36 which serve to cooperate with the braid 14 as it is driven aginst 32 during the crimping operation. The point of juncture of the outside surfaces of 32 and of 22 forms a step shown as 31, against which the end of braid 14 is preferably placed during installation of 20 on cable 10 and also against which ferrule 72 is positioned.
Ferrule 72 has a precrimp configuration as indicated in FIGURE 2, and a postcrimp configuration as indicated in FIGURE 1. As can be seen, ferrule 72 includes a reduced diameter rearward portion 74 and a slightly larger forward portion 76, both of substantially the same metal thickness. The interior bore 79 of portion 74 has.a .precrimp configuration slightly larger than the normal configuration of cable 10, to permit the ferrule to be easily worked over the cable during the installation procedure to be hereinafter described. The interior bore 79 is sufiiciently close to the diameter of cable 10, such that the crimp applied to portion 74 will lightly press the ferrule interior surface against the cable sheath 12 to partially seal the connector against entry of contaminants and to support the cable such that pulling or twisting movements will not be transferred to the interior portions of the connector to cause separation or damage to the components therein. The forward portion 76 of ferrule 72 has an interior bore 78 facilitating the installation procedures wherein the ferrule is easily slipped up over the braid and over the core crimping sleeve 32. At the same time portim 76 is held to a configuration such that the ferrule material need not be excessively worked in order to tightlyclinch braid 14 against 32.
It is preferred that the crimps applied to ferrule 72 leave the ends turned up as shown in FIGURE 2, the rear forming a beveled entry for the cable to prevent abrasion thereto and the forward end tapering up to the transistion step 31 and the outer diameter of core body 22, to prevent the inner face of collar 80 from hanging up against 31 during use. The standard crimp is preferred for each of the portions 74 and 76, although a six-sided or hex crimp may be employed.
Collar 80 is internally threaded as at 82 to cooperate with the threading on flange 26 and includes a nonthreaded portion 84 of a length approximating the length of the threading on flange 26 to permit the collar to be fully drawn up on the mating connector half which includes complementary threading. An interior flange 86 is provided at the end of collar 80, rounded or radiused as at 87 to cooperate with a complementary rounded face 27 on flange 26 as the collar is threaded forward onto the mating connector half.
Fitted within bore 28 of body portion 24 is the forward dielectric insert 38, which is substantially cylindrical to include a relatively small bore 40 axially disposed therein. A rear insert 46 is provided having an outer diameter in its forward portion approximating a rear diameter of bore 28, and adjoining such portion, a tapered portion 47 adapted to fit against the tapered portion 30, as shown in FIGURE 2. Extending from the forward portion of 46 is a relatively thin cylindrical sleeve 52 having an exterior diameter forming a surface 53 hearing against the interior bore 34 of 32, and an interior surface 54 of a diameter very slightly larger than the diameter of the dielectric spacer 16 of cable 10. Opposite sleeve 52, or in the forward inner portion of 46, is a taper which ranges from the diameter of the interior surface 54 down to the diameter of the center conductor 18, as best shown in FIGURE 2. At the end of the taper 5% is a relieved portion 48 forming acavity adapted to receive a portion of the central pin member. Important functional advantages of 50, with respect to connector installation, will be pointed out hereinafter.
The two dielectric inserts fit together to captivate and position a central conductive pin member through a rear flange 62 thereof fitted within the relieved portion 48 of insert 46. Pin member 60 includes a cylindrical body having approximately half its length supported against, transverse movement by the bearing contact with bore 40 of insert 38. The pin is hollowed out by a bore therethrough shown as 68 to include, proximate the flange 62, an entry port for the center conductor 18 and at the opposite end an inspection port 70 to permit the center conductor to be viewed when properly inserted. In practice, a crimp of the type shown as 66 is applied near the end of the pin member 60. The particular crimp applied may be a standard 0 crimp. Alternatively, the crimp applied to pin 60, as well as the crimp supplied to ferrule 72, may be as described in US. Patent 3,217,519 entitled, Coaxial Crimping Tool, to Henry W. Demler, which application describes a tool for simultaneously applying at least three erimps of the type preferred for the connector of the invention.
One of the principal features of the connector of the invention relates to its ease of assembly. The assembly technique can be visualized from FIGURE 3, wherein as a first step the dielectric insert 46 is placed within housing 22 and forced down into a position with its tapered rearward face 47 seated against the interior tapered face 30, and with the rear sleeve portions 52 fitted within and against bore 34 of sleeve 32. The tapered face 30 greatly assists in guiding insert 46 into the proper position and further assists in permitting the insert to be properly seated. In a typical example the taper 30 is substantially 4-5 degrees as measured from the longitudinal center axis of the connector assembly.
The next step of assembly comprises inserting pin 60 within insert 38 and force-fitting insert 38 carrying the pin into bore 28 to trap the flange 62 of the pin against the face of the recessed portion 48. The taper of angle A of bore 28 serves to lock the insert and thereby pin 60 against withdrawal. In an actual embodiment the dielectric insert 38 and an outside diameter of 0.440 inch and the angle A was approximately .25 degree. With insert 38 being of polypropylene in the above example, a thirty-five to fifty pound pull-out force was required to withdraw the pin and insert from the connector housing 22, such force being far higher than normal operating forces arising during use of the connector. The only remaining step of assembly is to place collar on housing 22 fitting its threading 82 onto the threading of flange 26. In this form then, the connector of the invention is ready for use and comprises only two loose pieces including the ferrule 72.
Installation procedures require that the cable be stripped in the manner indicated in FIGURE 3. Thereafter, collar 80 and ferrule 72 are placed on the cable and backed off, and the dielectric spacer 16 and center conductor 18 are worked within the connector crimp sleeve 32, the conductor 18 being inserted within pin 60. The metallic braid 14 is worked up over the outside of crimping sleeve 32 and the ferrule brought forward to the position shown in FIGURE 2. During installation the internal taper 50 greatly assists in guiding the center conductor 18 into the pin 60. This overcomes one of the most frequent causes of assembly installation delay and, connector failure; namely, that one of the strands of the center conductor will be left out of the central pin member and, thus upon full insertion become jammed up at the entry point of the pin. This would cause in other connectors, a short and/or an electrical discontinuity. With the connector of the invention the strands are guided into the proper position. The rearward dielectric sleeve 52 of insert 46 also serves to prevent any single strand of braid 14 from being carried forward to short against center conductor 18.
Following the simple installation above outlined the connector may then be crimped, the three crimps shown in FIGURE 1 being applied simultaneously as indicated in the Demler application above identified.
Utilizing the teachings of the above invention, a wide variety of coaxial connector sizes can be made by holding the forward dimensions of the connector and reducing the dimensions of the sleeve 32 and the internal dimensions of dielectric insert 46 to accommodate the smaller wire.
Referring now to FIGURES 4, 5 and 6, there is shown a connector 120 attached to a shielded cable 1th] and adapted for use in terminating the cable with a complementary connector half, not shown. Cable 100 includes an outer sheath of protective insulating material 112, an outer conductor 114 usually of metallic braid or thin metallic tubing, an inner dielectric sheath 116 and a pair of spaced inner conductors 118 and 119.
The connector 120 is substantially identical in configuration to that of FIGURES 1-3 relative to the housing portion 122, ferrule 172 and collar 180. The crim-p of the ferrule to the rear portion of sleeve 122 is also substantially identical as that heretofore described. The interior bores of housing 122, shown as 128 for the forward bore and 153 for the rear bore are similar in configuration to those described with respect to the embodiments of FIGURE 1. There is included a transition between such bores shown as 130, which serves to aid assembly of the dielectric inserts and pin members within the housing and to lock such against movement relative to housing axially to the right of the drawing as shown in FIGURE 5. Angle B, which represents the inward taper of bore 128 is, like angle A of the previous embodiment, adapted to lock the inserts and pin members in position against displacement axially to the left of the drawing.
The insert and pin assembly is comprised of :a first insert 146 of dielectric material including a forward portion of a diameter adapted to be fitted within bore 128 and integral therewith a sleeve portion 152 of reduced diameter adapted to fit within bore 153. The interior bore of insert 146 is substantially constant and of la diameter approximately that of the insulating sheath 116 of the cable. A transition portion 147 on the outer surface of 146 is adapted to mate with the transition 130 of the housing and the forward face of insert 146 includes a pair of recesses shown as 148 and 149, which have a forward portion of constant diameter and limited depth to receive end portions of pin members and then a further and flaring portion extending to the rear of the insert. The recesses have an outer dimension corresponding with the 6 rear bore of the insert and an inner dimension defined by a tapered integral center portion of the insert shown as 150. The surfaces of the recesses operate to guide the conductors 118 and 119 into the connector in members.
Disposed forwardly of insert 146 is a further insert 133 having an outer surface adapted to be wedge-fitted within the bore 123 in the forward portion thereof and center bores and 1 11, adapted to accommodate and support pin members 1&1? and 1711 fitted therein. With 138 in position a pin flange portion, shown as 162 relative to pin 160, is entrapped between the rear face of insert 138 and the forward face of the first portion of the recesses 148 and 149. Thus positioned the pin members are adapted to receive the center conductors 118 and 119 of the cable. During installation of the cable to the connect-or the rear surfaces such as 151 operate to guide the center conductors into the pin members. The center conductors extend forwardly through a bore such as 161 in pin 161 and are terminated to the pin members by a crimp in the manner described with respect to the embodiment of FIGURE 2.
The embodiment of FIGURES 4-6 again greatly facilitates assembly to result in a product which is on the average of better quality than those heretofore available and is less expensive to manufacture.
FIGURES 7 and 8 show an alternative collar construction adapted to be pushed on and pulled off to mechanically and electrically join or part the connector of the invention relative to its receptacle. The cable 209 is terminated by a connector housing 12@ with components as above described except for collar 180, which may be replaced by a collar 202 adapted for axial engagement rather than threading. The collar 2fl2 includes an inner bore 2414 having at the rear several threads adapted to engage the threads of 122 and forwardly thereof a slight inwardly projecting flange 2116 of a diameter to limit axial engagement of 2112 on 1211. The forward end of 202 includes a number of resilient spring fingers 208 biased inwardly to a diameter to frictionally engage the outer threads 2114 of a receptacle 212 as shown in FIGURE 8.
The leading edge of fingers 2113 is beveled as at 210 to guide the fingers over the receptacle threading and the fingers are made of a length to contact at least three or more of the threads. The inner bore of 2112 is of a diameter slightly greater than the maximum diameter of 212 and is reduced in effective diameter progressively by the bias of the fingers to develop a contact pattern as shown by the dotted lines in FliGURE 8. This feature has been found to provide a pull-off force which is substantial and yet is maintained throughout a large number of engagements.
Since the collar in effect mechanically seizes on the threading and itself is threaded onto the housing 122, the connector may be pushed on and pulled off or pushed on and threaded olf, making the assembly more flexible in the uses. If desired the collar may be permanently attached to the housing 122 by staking as at 216 applied to points over the housing threading.
Changes in construction will occur to those skilled in the art and various apparently different modifications and embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. The matter set forth in the foregoing description and accompanying drawings is offered by way of illustration only. The actual scope of the invention is intended to be defined in the following claims when viewed in their proper perspective against the prior art.
1. A coaxial connector comprising a metallic sleeve having a forward portion carrying a first dielectric insert and a rearward portion carrying a second dielectric insert, the first dielectric insert carrying a hollow conductive pin member having a flange disposed against an inner transverse surface of said first insert, the second insert including a relieved portion adapted to receive the volume of said flange, the sleeve including an inner surface tapering inwardly in the sleeve forward portion to lock said first insert and thereby said second insert and said pin member against withdrawal forces.
2. The connector of claim 1, wherein said second insert includes an interior surface tapering inwardly from the sleeve rearward portion toward the forward portion with surface material overlapping said flange, the said surface serving to guide a coaxial cable inner conductor into said pin member during connector installation.
3. The connector of claim 2, wherein said sleeve includes a further interior surface tapering outwardly toward said forward portion and said second dielectric insert includes an exterior surface of a complementary taper such that the second dielectric insert nests within said further sleeve surface.
4. The connector of claim 3, wherein the first and second dielectric inserts extend to cover the entire interior surfaces of said sleeve.
5. A connector for shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor, the connector comprising in combination an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member adapted to be fitted over the sleeve rearward portion and cable outer conductor and be crimped inwardly thereagainst to common said sleeve electrically with said outer conductor, the interior of the forward portion of said metallic sleeve including a bore tapering from a maximum diameter at an inner portion of the sleeve forward portion to a minimum diameter at the forward end of said sleeve, a dielectric insert carrying an inner conductive pin member adapted to receive the cable inner conductor and be crimped thereagainst, the said insert adapted to be fitted within said tapered bore and having a substantially cylindrical outer surface of a diameter slightly greater than the minimum diameter of said bore such that said insert is force-fitted within said sleeve and locked against withdrawal forces to thus hold said insert and said inner pin member in proper position for connector operation.
6. A connector for shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor, the connector comprising in combination, an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member adapted to be fitted over said sleeve rearward portion and said cable outer conductor and be crimped inwardly thereagainst to electrically common the outer conductor to the sleeve, the interior of said sleeve including a surface configuration tapering inwardly from the rearmost portion of the sleeve forward portion toward the forward end of the sleeve, dielectric material fitted within said sleeve including a forward portion carrying an inner pin member adapted to receive the cable inner conductor and be crimped thereagainst to electrically common the pin thereto, the dielectric forward portion having an outer diameter such as to be wedged against withdrawal forces by said sleeve taper, said dielectric material having an inner taper leading from the rearward portion thereof to the forward portion thereof adapted to guide the cable inner conductor into said pin member during installation of the connector.
7. A connector for mechanically and electrically joining shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by dielectric material in turn surrounded by anouter conductor to a shielded receptacle comprising in combination, an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric material and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member including a forward portion having an inner diameter to slidingly fit over the cable outer conductor as fitted over the rearward portion of said sleeve, and a rearward portion of a diameter slightly larger than the cable outer diameter, the ferrule adapted to be crimped inwardly to electrically common the cable outer conductor to the sleeve and support said cable relative thereto, the said sleeve including a forward portion bore and a rearward portion bore with a tapered surface connecting said bores, a first dielectric insert in said sleeve including a thin wall portion extending the length of the sleeve rearward portion bore and of an inner diameter slightly larger than the cable dielectric material, and a forward portion of an outer diameter such as to fit within the sleeve forward portion bore, the first insert including an outer diameter tapered surface adapted to nest within the tapered surface of said sleeve, a second dielectric insert of an outer diameter adapted to tightly fit within the forward portion of the sleeve and including an internal bore adapted to receive a hollow pin member and support such substantially along its length with the pin extending outwardly to form a center contact path for the connector, the said pin member including a flange entrapped between said first and second inserts well within said sleeve.
8. The connector of claim 7, wherein the forward portion bore of the sleeve tapers inwardly to a diameter substantially less than the diameter of the said second dielectric insert such that the dielectric insert is forcefitted within said sleeve and entrapped against axial movement to lock said central pin member against withdrawal forces.
9. The connector of claim 8, wherein said first insert includes an interior tapered surface in its forward portion leading to said central pin member to guide the cable center conductor therein during connector installation.
10. In a connector for mechanically and electrically joining shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor to a shielded receptacle comprising a combination a connector body having an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion carrying a collar attached to the outside thereof and a rearward hollow portion adapted to receive the cable dielectric materal inserted therein with the cable outer conductor fitted thereover, means cooperating with said rearward portion to electrically and mechanically join the cable outer conductor to said rearward portion and to said sleeve, the said sleeve forward portion including a bore and a dielectric insert secured therein, a conductive contact member secured within said insert within said sleeve and held thereby against axial movement, said conductive contact member including a bore at the rear thereof adapted to receive the center conductor of the cable and be terminated thereto, the said receptacle including an outer metallic sleeve and carrying a center contact member adapted to receive and mate with the center contact member of the connector sleeve, the outer diameter of said receptacle sleeve being threaded, said collar including in a forward portion a plurality of axially extending spring fingers of arcuate shape biased inwardly from an inner diameter approximating the outer diameter of the said receptacle sleeve to an inner diameter at the ends thereof less than the outer diameter of the said receptacle whereby to engage the receptacle threading and hold said connector in engagement on said receptacle.
11. The connector of claim 10 wherein said connector sleeve includes threading on the outer surface thereof at the forward end thereof and said collar includes on the rearward portion thereof, internal threading adapted to mate with the threading on the sleeve of said con- 9 hector whereby said collar may be threaded onto said connector to permit said connector to be joined or separated on said receptacle by axial or by twisting motion.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,563,712 8/1951 Frei et a1 339-63 X 2,941,028 6/1960 Edlen et a1. 339177 X 2,945,203 7/1960 Quackenbush 339-59 2,995,718 8/1961 10 3,048,828 7/1962 Gregson et a1. 339-177 X 3,077,513 2/1963 Feits 339177 X FOREIGN PATENTS 861,652 2/1961 Great Britain.
OTHER REFERENCES Specifications: 429-5M-C58 AMP, Inc., one page.
EDWARD C. ALLEN, Primary Examiner.
Murphy 33 9-97 10 PATRICK A. CLIFFORD, Examiner.

lowercased:
crimpable coaxial connector filed jan. 5, 1965 s sheets-sheet [nvllv/ors min-mm. fnauug okup rania-r stanley stull by 4. 2; m i/m united states patent 3,297,979 crimpable coaxial connector michael f. okeefe and robert s. stull, mechanicsburg, pa., assignors to amp incorporated, harrisburg, pa. filed jan. 5, 1965, ser. no. 423,501 11 (ilaims. (cl. 339177) this invention relates to an improve-d coaxial connector which features a simultaneous connection of electrical paths in a single crimping operation and is a continuationin-part of our application s.n. 325,222 filed november 21, 1963, now abandoned.
the expanding use of coaxial cable to answer the needs of the communications industry has created a distinct problem with respect to 'both connector construction and installation. the basis of the problem is tied to the construction of the coaxial cable wherein a central conductor is surrounded by a relatively soft dielectrical insulating material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor of thin metallic tubing or woven wire braid usually covered over by a rubber sheath. the outer conductor being of a relatively large diameter does not lend itself to the prior art practice of soldering, since the soldering operation must be carried substantially around the periphery of the outer conductor to assure a contact path of sufficient area. on the other hand, standard crimping techniques have caused difficulties with respect to inward disposition of the outer conductor resulting in breakage and in a displacement relative to the inner conductor which makes for signal reflection and energy loss incident thereto.
the common approach offered to solve the foregoing problems has been to provide a relatively complicated assembly of supporting and positioning metallic members and a number of dielectric inserts, gaskets, seals and the like, to accomplish a satisfactory mechanical connection having good electrical characteristics. as one result, the connectors of the prior art have a very substantial number of individual pieces which must be manufactured to close tolerances and assembled with considerable care. another result of prior art connector constructions has been to make the installation of a coaxial connector sufficiently tedious to preclude the use of nonskilled or even semiskilled labor.
it is one object of the present invention to provide a coaxial connector of few and simple components adaptable for low cost manufacture and rapid assembly.
it is a further object of the invention to provide a simple and inexpensive coaxial connecter construction including features permitting an assembly of parts without need for special tooling.
it is another object of the invention to provide an improved coaxial connector construction including features facilitating installation on coaxial cable.
it is yet another object of the invention to provide a coaxial connector including features permit-ting the installation of the connector to be accomplished by a series of simultaneously applied crimps.
it is still a further object of the invention to provide a coaxial connector having improved mechanical and electrical characteristics in conjunction with a novel push-on collar construction.
the connector of the invention accomplishes the foregoing objectives through the use of a one-piece metallic shell housing two dielectric inserts, which are locked therein by the interior configuration of the shell and which in turn support and lock a central hollow contact pin member or members in a proper coaxial relationship and against longitudinal float. the rear portion of the shell is arranged to receive a ferrule cri-mped thereagainst to provide a connection with the outer conductor of coaxial cable and a further crimp to provide mechanical ice support to the cable positioned from the end of the sleeve extension. the interior of the rear dielectric insert is such as to receive the stripped portions of a cable and guide such into the interior of the insert. the forward exterior portion of the shell is threaded to receive a collar adaptable to lock the connector to a complementary mating connector member not shown. the arrangement of the crimping sleeve ferrule and central pin member or members is such that total length is minimized to permit a simultaneous application of the three crimps involved. additionally, a push-on accessory sleeve is taught as an alteration to the collar.
figure 8 is a perspective partially sectioned, of the device of figure 7 in use.
referring now to figure 1, there is shown the connector 2.0 of the invention, attached to a coaxial cable 10. the connector 20 is used with a complementary half, not shown, adapted to receive the central pin member and threading the connector collar in a standard fashion. the complementary connector half may represent a socket mounted on the chassis of electronic equpiment or may represent a connector half joined to a further coaxial cable similar to 10.
the coaxial cable 10 is typical of a number of cables utilized to carry communication signals between points such as between the antenna and first stage of uhf television equipment. in certain uses of coaxial cable, the outer conductor serves as a shielding means to protect signals carried on the inner conductor and in other uses the outer and inner conductor serve to channel signal energy transferred in higher frequency modes. the typical construction of coaxial cable such as 10, includes an outer and protective insulating sheath 12, and outer conductor 14- of metallic braid or thin metallic tubing, a dielectric or insulating spacer 16 and a central conductor 1-8. one frequently employed cable construction features a polyvinyl chloride protective sheath, a braided copper outer conductor, a polyvinyl chloride or teflon dielectric spacer and a stranded copper center conductor. -in connecting cables such as 10, it is important that the connection achieves a mechanical integrity exceeding or at least approaching that of the: cable itself, and it is preferable for the connector to provide a transmission path having characteristics similar to that of the cable so as to preclude signal degradation.
the connector 20 of the invention includes features which assure that the above mentioned objectives are achieved with respect to installation on cable such as 10. connector 20 is comprised of but six components, including a housing 22 housing a forward dielectric insert 38, a rear dielectric insert 46, a central conductive pin member 60, a ferrule 72 and a locking collar 80, shown in figure 1 as slipped up on the housing.
this six component assembly compares quite favorably with prior art devices for the same function including ten or more components. in use, as will become more apparent hereinafter, the connector 28 is installed on a suitably prepared cable with a series of three crimps which may be performed simultaneously if desired, but in any event do not require steps of threading, soldering or special preparation of the cable to be connected, other than a simple stripping procedure.
the housing 22 is in essence, a metallic shell including a body portion 24, having a forward flange portion 26, externally threaded as indicated, and an internal forward bore 28 of a slight inward taper of angle a adapted to accommodate dielectric inserts 38 and 46. on the front face of 22, as best shown in figure 3, are a pair of projections 23, adapted to fit in correspond ing projections disposed around the periphery of the connector half into which 26 is plugged. the projections 23 serve to key the connector against rotation relative thereto once the connector is plugged in and the collar thereof threaded down. this operates to prevent cable twist from causing the connector to be accidentally unthreaded. at the opposite end of 22 from the opening of bore 28, is a tapered internal portion 30, which serves as a transition between the bore 28 and the interior of a housing crimping sleeve 32, such interior being shown as bore 34.
the exterior of crimping sleeve 32 includes a series of annular slots or grooves 36 which serve to cooperate with the braid 14 as it is driven aginst 32 during the crimping operation. the point of juncture of the outside surfaces of 32 and of 22 forms a step shown as 31, against which the end of braid 14 is preferably placed during installation of 20 on cable 10 and also against which ferrule 72 is positioned.
ferrule 72 has a precrimp configuration as indicated in figure 2, and a postcrimp configuration as indicated in figure 1. as can be seen, ferrule 72 includes a reduced diameter rearward portion 74 and a slightly larger forward portion 76, both of substantially the same metal thickness. the interior bore 79 of portion 74 has.a .precrimp configuration slightly larger than the normal configuration of cable 10, to permit the ferrule to be easily worked over the cable during the installation procedure to be hereinafter described. the interior bore 79 is sufiiciently close to the diameter of cable 10, such that the crimp applied to portion 74 will lightly press the ferrule interior surface against the cable sheath 12 to partially seal the connector against entry of contaminants and to support the cable such that pulling or twisting movements will not be transferred to the interior portions of the connector to cause separation or damage to the components therein. the forward portion 76 of ferrule 72 has an interior bore 78 facilitating the installation procedures wherein the ferrule is easily slipped up over the braid and over the core crimping sleeve 32. at the same time portim 76 is held to a configuration such that the ferrule material need not be excessively worked in order to tightlyclinch braid 14 against 32.
it is preferred that the crimps applied to ferrule 72 leave the ends turned up as shown in figure 2, the rear forming a beveled entry for the cable to prevent abrasion thereto and the forward end tapering up to the transistion step 31 and the outer diameter of core body 22, to prevent the inner face of collar 80 from hanging up against 31 during use. the standard crimp is preferred for each of the portions 74 and 76, although a six-sided or hex crimp may be employed.
collar 80 is internally threaded as at 82 to cooperate with the threading on flange 26 and includes a nonthreaded portion 84 of a length approximating the length of the threading on flange 26 to permit the collar to be fully drawn up on the mating connector half which includes complementary threading. an interior flange 86 is provided at the end of collar 80, rounded or radiused as at 87 to cooperate with a complementary rounded face 27 on flange 26 as the collar is threaded forward onto the mating connector half.
fitted within bore 28 of body portion 24 is the forward dielectric insert 38, which is substantially cylindrical to include a relatively small bore 40 axially disposed therein. a rear insert 46 is provided having an outer diameter in its forward portion approximating a rear diameter of bore 28, and adjoining such portion, a tapered portion 47 adapted to fit against the tapered portion 30, as shown in figure 2. extending from the forward portion of 46 is a relatively thin cylindrical sleeve 52 having an exterior diameter forming a surface 53 hearing against the interior bore 34 of 32, and an interior surface 54 of a diameter very slightly larger than the diameter of the dielectric spacer 16 of cable 10. opposite sleeve 52, or in the forward inner portion of 46, is a taper which ranges from the diameter of the interior surface 54 down to the diameter of the center conductor 18, as best shown in figure 2. at the end of the taper 5% is a relieved portion 48 forming acavity adapted to receive a portion of the central pin member. important functional advantages of 50, with respect to connector installation, will be pointed out hereinafter.
the two dielectric inserts fit together to captivate and position a central conductive pin member through a rear flange 62 thereof fitted within the relieved portion 48 of insert 46. pin member 60 includes a cylindrical body having approximately half its length supported against, transverse movement by the bearing contact with bore 40 of insert 38. the pin is hollowed out by a bore therethrough shown as 68 to include, proximate the flange 62, an entry port for the center conductor 18 and at the opposite end an inspection port 70 to permit the center conductor to be viewed when properly inserted. in practice, a crimp of the type shown as 66 is applied near the end of the pin member 60. the particular crimp applied may be a standard 0 crimp. alternatively, the crimp applied to pin 60, as well as the crimp supplied to ferrule 72, may be as described in us. patent 3,217,519 entitled, coaxial crimping tool, to henry w. demler, which application describes a tool for simultaneously applying at least three erimps of the type preferred for the connector of the invention.
one of the principal features of the connector of the invention relates to its ease of assembly. the assembly technique can be visualized from figure 3, wherein as a first step the dielectric insert 46 is placed within housing 22 and forced down into a position with its tapered rearward face 47 seated against the interior tapered face 30, and with the rear sleeve portions 52 fitted within and against bore 34 of sleeve 32. the tapered face 30 greatly assists in guiding insert 46 into the proper position and further assists in permitting the insert to be properly seated. in a typical example the taper 30 is substantially 4-5 degrees as measured from the longitudinal center axis of the connector assembly.
the next step of assembly comprises inserting pin 60 within insert 38 and force-fitting insert 38 carrying the pin into bore 28 to trap the flange 62 of the pin against the face of the recessed portion 48. the taper of angle a of bore 28 serves to lock the insert and thereby pin 60 against withdrawal. in an actual embodiment the dielectric insert 38 and an outside diameter of 0.440 inch and the angle a was approximately .25 degree. with insert 38 being of polypropylene in the above example, a thirty-five to fifty pound pull-out force was required to withdraw the pin and insert from the connector housing 22, such force being far higher than normal operating forces arising during use of the connector. the only remaining step of assembly is to place collar on housing 22 fitting its threading 82 onto the threading of flange 26. in this form then, the connector of the invention is ready for use and comprises only two loose pieces including the ferrule 72.
installation procedures require that the cable be stripped in the manner indicated in figure 3. thereafter, collar 80 and ferrule 72 are placed on the cable and backed off, and the dielectric spacer 16 and center conductor 18 are worked within the connector crimp sleeve 32, the conductor 18 being inserted within pin 60. the metallic braid 14 is worked up over the outside of crimping sleeve 32 and the ferrule brought forward to the position shown in figure 2. during installation the internal taper 50 greatly assists in guiding the center conductor 18 into the pin 60. this overcomes one of the most frequent causes of assembly installation delay and, connector failure; namely, that one of the strands of the center conductor will be left out of the central pin member and, thus upon full insertion become jammed up at the entry point of the pin. this would cause in other connectors, a short and/or an electrical discontinuity. with the connector of the invention the strands are guided into the proper position. the rearward dielectric sleeve 52 of insert 46 also serves to prevent any single strand of braid 14 from being carried forward to short against center conductor 18.
following the simple installation above outlined the connector may then be crimped, the three crimps shown in figure 1 being applied simultaneously as indicated in the demler application above identified.
utilizing the teachings of the above invention, a wide variety of coaxial connector sizes can be made by holding the forward dimensions of the connector and reducing the dimensions of the sleeve 32 and the internal dimensions of dielectric insert 46 to accommodate the smaller wire.
referring now to figures 4, 5 and 6, there is shown a connector 120 attached to a shielded cable 1th] and adapted for use in terminating the cable with a complementary connector half, not shown. cable 100 includes an outer sheath of protective insulating material 112, an outer conductor 114 usually of metallic braid or thin metallic tubing, an inner dielectric sheath 116 and a pair of spaced inner conductors 118 and 119.
the connector 120 is substantially identical in configuration to that of figures 1-3 relative to the housing portion 122, ferrule 172 and collar 180. the crim-p of the ferrule to the rear portion of sleeve 122 is also substantially identical as that heretofore described. the interior bores of housing 122, shown as 128 for the forward bore and 153 for the rear bore are similar in configuration to those described with respect to the embodiments of figure 1. there is included a transition between such bores shown as 130, which serves to aid assembly of the dielectric inserts and pin members within the housing and to lock such against movement relative to housing axially to the right of the drawing as shown in figure 5. angle b, which represents the inward taper of bore 128 is, like angle a of the previous embodiment, adapted to lock the inserts and pin members in position against displacement axially to the left of the drawing.
the insert and pin assembly is comprised of :a first insert 146 of dielectric material including a forward portion of a diameter adapted to be fitted within bore 128 and integral therewith a sleeve portion 152 of reduced diameter adapted to fit within bore 153. the interior bore of insert 146 is substantially constant and of la diameter approximately that of the insulating sheath 116 of the cable. a transition portion 147 on the outer surface of 146 is adapted to mate with the transition 130 of the housing and the forward face of insert 146 includes a pair of recesses shown as 148 and 149, which have a forward portion of constant diameter and limited depth to receive end portions of pin members and then a further and flaring portion extending to the rear of the insert. the recesses have an outer dimension corresponding with the 6 rear bore of the insert and an inner dimension defined by a tapered integral center portion of the insert shown as 150. the surfaces of the recesses operate to guide the conductors 118 and 119 into the connector in members.
disposed forwardly of insert 146 is a further insert 133 having an outer surface adapted to be wedge-fitted within the bore 123 in the forward portion thereof and center bores and 1 11, adapted to accommodate and support pin members 1&1? and 1711 fitted therein. with 138 in position a pin flange portion, shown as 162 relative to pin 160, is entrapped between the rear face of insert 138 and the forward face of the first portion of the recesses 148 and 149. thus positioned the pin members are adapted to receive the center conductors 118 and 119 of the cable. during installation of the cable to the connect-or the rear surfaces such as 151 operate to guide the center conductors into the pin members. the center conductors extend forwardly through a bore such as 161 in pin 161 and are terminated to the pin members by a crimp in the manner described with respect to the embodiment of figure 2.
the embodiment of figures 4-6 again greatly facilitates assembly to result in a product which is on the average of better quality than those heretofore available and is less expensive to manufacture.
figures 7 and 8 show an alternative collar construction adapted to be pushed on and pulled off to mechanically and electrically join or part the connector of the invention relative to its receptacle. the cable 209 is terminated by a connector housing 12@ with components as above described except for collar 180, which may be replaced by a collar 202 adapted for axial engagement rather than threading. the collar 2fl2 includes an inner bore 2414 having at the rear several threads adapted to engage the threads of 122 and forwardly thereof a slight inwardly projecting flange 2116 of a diameter to limit axial engagement of 2112 on 1211. the forward end of 202 includes a number of resilient spring fingers 208 biased inwardly to a diameter to frictionally engage the outer threads 2114 of a receptacle 212 as shown in figure 8.
the leading edge of fingers 2113 is beveled as at 210 to guide the fingers over the receptacle threading and the fingers are made of a length to contact at least three or more of the threads. the inner bore of 2112 is of a diameter slightly greater than the maximum diameter of 212 and is reduced in effective diameter progressively by the bias of the fingers to develop a contact pattern as shown by the dotted lines in fligure 8. this feature has been found to provide a pull-off force which is substantial and yet is maintained throughout a large number of engagements.
since the collar in effect mechanically seizes on the threading and itself is threaded onto the housing 122, the connector may be pushed on and pulled off or pushed on and threaded olf, making the assembly more flexible in the uses. if desired the collar may be permanently attached to the housing 122 by staking as at 216 applied to points over the housing threading.
changes in construction will occur to those skilled in the art and various apparently different modifications and embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. the matter set forth in the foregoing description and accompanying drawings is offered by way of illustration only. the actual scope of the invention is intended to be defined in the following claims when viewed in their proper perspective against the prior art.
1. a coaxial connector comprising a metallic sleeve having a forward portion carrying a first dielectric insert and a rearward portion carrying a second dielectric insert, the first dielectric insert carrying a hollow conductive pin member having a flange disposed against an inner transverse surface of said first insert, the second insert including a relieved portion adapted to receive the volume of said flange, the sleeve including an inner surface tapering inwardly in the sleeve forward portion to lock said first insert and thereby said second insert and said pin member against withdrawal forces.
2. the connector of claim 1, wherein said second insert includes an interior surface tapering inwardly from the sleeve rearward portion toward the forward portion with surface material overlapping said flange, the said surface serving to guide a coaxial cable inner conductor into said pin member during connector installation.
3. the connector of claim 2, wherein said sleeve includes a further interior surface tapering outwardly toward said forward portion and said second dielectric insert includes an exterior surface of a complementary taper such that the second dielectric insert nests within said further sleeve surface.
4. the connector of claim 3, wherein the first and second dielectric inserts extend to cover the entire interior surfaces of said sleeve.
5. a connector for shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor, the connector comprising in combination an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member adapted to be fitted over the sleeve rearward portion and cable outer conductor and be crimped inwardly thereagainst to common said sleeve electrically with said outer conductor, the interior of the forward portion of said metallic sleeve including a bore tapering from a maximum diameter at an inner portion of the sleeve forward portion to a minimum diameter at the forward end of said sleeve, a dielectric insert carrying an inner conductive pin member adapted to receive the cable inner conductor and be crimped thereagainst, the said insert adapted to be fitted within said tapered bore and having a substantially cylindrical outer surface of a diameter slightly greater than the minimum diameter of said bore such that said insert is force-fitted within said sleeve and locked against withdrawal forces to thus hold said insert and said inner pin member in proper position for connector operation.
6. a connector for shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor, the connector comprising in combination, an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member adapted to be fitted over said sleeve rearward portion and said cable outer conductor and be crimped inwardly thereagainst to electrically common the outer conductor to the sleeve, the interior of said sleeve including a surface configuration tapering inwardly from the rearmost portion of the sleeve forward portion toward the forward end of the sleeve, dielectric material fitted within said sleeve including a forward portion carrying an inner pin member adapted to receive the cable inner conductor and be crimped thereagainst to electrically common the pin thereto, the dielectric forward portion having an outer diameter such as to be wedged against withdrawal forces by said sleeve taper, said dielectric material having an inner taper leading from the rearward portion thereof to the forward portion thereof adapted to guide the cable inner conductor into said pin member during installation of the connector.
7. a connector for mechanically and electrically joining shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by dielectric material in turn surrounded by anouter conductor to a shielded receptacle comprising in combination, an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion adapted to support a locking collar and a rearward portion adapted to be fitted over the cable dielectric material and beneath the cable outer conductor, a ferrule member including a forward portion having an inner diameter to slidingly fit over the cable outer conductor as fitted over the rearward portion of said sleeve, and a rearward portion of a diameter slightly larger than the cable outer diameter, the ferrule adapted to be crimped inwardly to electrically common the cable outer conductor to the sleeve and support said cable relative thereto, the said sleeve including a forward portion bore and a rearward portion bore with a tapered surface connecting said bores, a first dielectric insert in said sleeve including a thin wall portion extending the length of the sleeve rearward portion bore and of an inner diameter slightly larger than the cable dielectric material, and a forward portion of an outer diameter such as to fit within the sleeve forward portion bore, the first insert including an outer diameter tapered surface adapted to nest within the tapered surface of said sleeve, a second dielectric insert of an outer diameter adapted to tightly fit within the forward portion of the sleeve and including an internal bore adapted to receive a hollow pin member and support such substantially along its length with the pin extending outwardly to form a center contact path for the connector, the said pin member including a flange entrapped between said first and second inserts well within said sleeve.
8. the connector of claim 7, wherein the forward portion bore of the sleeve tapers inwardly to a diameter substantially less than the diameter of the said second dielectric insert such that the dielectric insert is forcefitted within said sleeve and entrapped against axial movement to lock said central pin member against withdrawal forces.
9. the connector of claim 8, wherein said first insert includes an interior tapered surface in its forward portion leading to said central pin member to guide the cable center conductor therein during connector installation.
10. in a connector for mechanically and electrically joining shielded cable of the type having an inner conductor surrounded by a dielectric material in turn surrounded by an outer conductor to a shielded receptacle comprising a combination a connector body having an outer metallic sleeve having a forward portion carrying a collar attached to the outside thereof and a rearward hollow portion adapted to receive the cable dielectric materal inserted therein with the cable outer conductor fitted thereover, means cooperating with said rearward portion to electrically and mechanically join the cable outer conductor to said rearward portion and to said sleeve, the said sleeve forward portion including a bore and a dielectric insert secured therein, a conductive contact member secured within said insert within said sleeve and held thereby against axial movement, said conductive contact member including a bore at the rear thereof adapted to receive the center conductor of the cable and be terminated thereto, the said receptacle including an outer metallic sleeve and carrying a center contact member adapted to receive and mate with the center contact member of the connector sleeve, the outer diameter of said receptacle sleeve being threaded, said collar including in a forward portion a plurality of axially extending spring fingers of arcuate shape biased inwardly from an inner diameter approximating the outer diameter of the said receptacle sleeve to an inner diameter at the ends thereof less than the outer diameter of the said receptacle whereby to engage the receptacle threading and hold said connector in engagement on said receptacle.
11. the connector of claim 10 wherein said connector sleeve includes threading on the outer surface thereof at the forward end thereof and said collar includes on the rearward portion thereof, internal threading adapted to mate with the threading on the sleeve of said con- 9 hector whereby said collar may be threaded onto said connector to permit said connector to be joined or separated on said receptacle by axial or by twisting motion.
references cited by the examiner united states patents 2,563,712 8/1951 frei et a1 339-63 x 2,941,028 6/1960 edlen et a1. 339177 x 2,945,203 7/1960 quackenbush 339-59 2,995,718 8/1961 10 3,048,828 7/1962 gregson et a1. 339-177 x 3,077,513 2/1963 feits 339177 x foreign patents 861,652 2/1961 great britain.
other references specifications: 429-5m-c58 amp, inc., one page.
edward c. allen, primary examiner.
murphy 33 9-97 10 patrick a. clifford, examiner.


text: New Delhi, May 13: Lieutenant General Dalbir Singh is likely to be the successor of General Bikram Singh who is scheduled to retire on July 31. The defence ministry sent his name to the Appointments Committee of Cabinet (ACC) for approval. The 59-year old general's name was sent to the PM-headed ACC, just hours after the Election Commission allowed the government to go ahead with the appointment. Though the decision was under the scanner, especially when BJP had opposed the appointment, things softened down later on. It was being speculated whether the UPA government at the end of its tenure would appoint the new chief in accordance with seniority. The Election Commission had given government the permission to name the senior official on March 27. However, the ministry sought the poll panel's opinion to make the case watertight.

lowercased: new delhi, may 13: lieutenant general dalbir singh is likely to be the successor of general bikram singh who is scheduled to retire on july 31. the defence ministry sent his name to the appointments committee of cabinet (acc) for approval. the 59-year old general's name was sent to the pm-headed acc, just hours after the election commission allowed the government to go ahead with the appointment. though the decision was under the scanner, especially when bjp had opposed the appointment, things softened down later on. it was being speculated whether the upa government at the end of its tenure would appoint the new chief in accordance with seniority. the election commission had given government the permission to name the senior official on march 27. however, the ministry sought the poll panel's opinion to make the case watertight.


text:
1 What are expected qualifications for an AC member?
1.1 How Do I Become A Member of the Architecture Council?
1.2 What is the term of Architecture Council members?
1.3 What is the Dormant Status?
1.4 Who are the current AC members?
What are expected qualifications for an AC member?
Community. The prime consideration for AC membership has always been: Is there a demonstrable track record of contributions to the community. We have lots of really smart technical people at Eclipse who are perfectly happy doing a great job on the one project that they are working on. I think the AC needs to be looking for people who are willing to go beyond their silo and make contributions to the community and to other projects.
Mentorship. AC members may be pulled in as Mentors. Therefore, they should have some experience in Eclipse project leadership and a good understanding of the Eclipse Development Process and IP Policy. They should also be "linked in" to the Community such that they know whom to ask in case they cannot answer a question for a project that they might eventually be mentoring... though becoming an AC member should make a great stride towards getting "linked in".
Time and Passion. New AC members should not get dormant immediately. Since the work of the AC is in order to improve the Eclipse Ecosystem as a whole for the benefit of all the projects, they should have some passion for that Ecosystem and be willing to invest some time for that (like about 4 hours each month minimum).
Public Track of Contributions. AC membership is considered the highest level of Meritocracy. Therefore, proposed AC members should have some public track of records which shows, how they have helped the Eclipse Development process or ecosystem before. I'm thinking of mailing list / newsgroup answers, blog posts, FAQs, discussion contributions, and bugzilla bugs on the "Community" category.
Authority. We'll want the AC to be perceived as a body of authority. Therefore I think that also AC members should be perceived as persons of authority in the domains that they come from. They should be "known" to the Community in good standing thanks to the contributions that they have made before. To me, "Authority" also conveys that AC members should show technical (software development) excellence in their respective areas, such that they are welcome as discussion partners for architectural questions.
Alertness. In some sense, the AC is the "ears and the eyes" of the Eclipse Ecosystem. AC members are expected to be alert to problems or interesting developments in their respective area, and bring these to the attention of the AC. This includes interesting developments outside Eclipse itself, which can be articulated by means of a Blog syndicated at Planet Eclipse, for instance. The Bylaws of the Eclipse Foundation explicitly specify that the AC is for the "articulation" of the Eclipse Platform Architecture. This point of articulation actually is one of the reasons why PMC's and Strategic Members should be actively represented at the AC.
Vision and Understanding. AC members should have some vision and understanding of what the Architecture of the Eclipse Platform as a Whole should look like.
There is actually some similarity to the new committer election process: people can help / contribute to the AC work by bugzilla comments, blogs, etc even if they are not members of the AC. After some contributions they can be voted in. Ideally, not only appointed members should meet these criteria, but also those representing a PMC or strategic member (though we cannot influence this, so officially the criteria should only apply for appointed members).
Members appointed by dint of PMC or Strategic Membership have no term limits. Members appointed by the EMO are appointed to two year terms as per the development process r2.4 (August 20, 2008) (It was three year terms in the previous process r2.3.1 of Jan 17, 2007, and no length of term had been specified in the previous 2003 version of the process). Members' terms can be renewed any number of times.
Who are the current AC members?
This page was last modified 14:57, 10 September 2009 by Martin Oberhuber. Based on work by John Arthorne and Dave Carver.

lowercased:
1 what are expected qualifications for an ac member?
1.1 how do i become a member of the architecture council?
1.2 what is the term of architecture council members?
1.3 what is the dormant status?
1.4 who are the current ac members?
what are expected qualifications for an ac member?
community. the prime consideration for ac membership has always been: is there a demonstrable track record of contributions to the community. we have lots of really smart technical people at eclipse who are perfectly happy doing a great job on the one project that they are working on. i think the ac needs to be looking for people who are willing to go beyond their silo and make contributions to the community and to other projects.
mentorship. ac members may be pulled in as mentors. therefore, they should have some experience in eclipse project leadership and a good understanding of the eclipse development process and ip policy. they should also be "linked in" to the community such that they know whom to ask in case they cannot answer a question for a project that they might eventually be mentoring... though becoming an ac member should make a great stride towards getting "linked in".
time and passion. new ac members should not get dormant immediately. since the work of the ac is in order to improve the eclipse ecosystem as a whole for the benefit of all the projects, they should have some passion for that ecosystem and be willing to invest some time for that (like about 4 hours each month minimum).
public track of contributions. ac membership is considered the highest level of meritocracy. therefore, proposed ac members should have some public track of records which shows, how they have helped the eclipse development process or ecosystem before. i'm thinking of mailing list / newsgroup answers, blog posts, faqs, discussion contributions, and bugzilla bugs on the "community" category.
authority. we'll want the ac to be perceived as a body of authority. therefore i think that also ac members should be perceived as persons of authority in the domains that they come from. they should be "known" to the community in good standing thanks to the contributions that they have made before. to me, "authority" also conveys that ac members should show technical (software development) excellence in their respective areas, such that they are welcome as discussion partners for architectural questions.
alertness. in some sense, the ac is the "ears and the eyes" of the eclipse ecosystem. ac members are expected to be alert to problems or interesting developments in their respective area, and bring these to the attention of the ac. this includes interesting developments outside eclipse itself, which can be articulated by means of a blog syndicated at planet eclipse, for instance. the bylaws of the eclipse foundation explicitly specify that the ac is for the "articulation" of the eclipse platform architecture. this point of articulation actually is one of the reasons why pmc's and strategic members should be actively represented at the ac.
vision and understanding. ac members should have some vision and understanding of what the architecture of the eclipse platform as a whole should look like.
there is actually some similarity to the new committer election process: people can help / contribute to the ac work by bugzilla comments, blogs, etc even if they are not members of the ac. after some contributions they can be voted in. ideally, not only appointed members should meet these criteria, but also those representing a pmc or strategic member (though we cannot influence this, so officially the criteria should only apply for appointed members).
members appointed by dint of pmc or strategic membership have no term limits. members appointed by the emo are appointed to two year terms as per the development process r2.4 (august 20, 2008) (it was three year terms in the previous process r2.3.1 of jan 17, 2007, and no length of term had been specified in the previous 2003 version of the process). members' terms can be renewed any number of times.
who are the current ac members?
this page was last modified 14:57, 10 september 2009 by martin oberhuber. based on work by john arthorne and dave carver.


text: Whether you agree or disagree that global warming is to blame for distinct changes in the U S state closest to the North Pole, Alaska is the “Great Land,” so named by the native Aleuts. Our agents have returned with memories of the magnificent Mt. McKinley, the white thunder of “calving” glaciers, the thrill of a dog sled ride, and the pure fun of playing with Alaskan husky puppies. Seeing whales, dolphins, seals, salmon, caribou, moose, bear, wolves, and mountain goats in their natural inhabitats is beyond any experience you can have in a zoo. You can be as active or as “laid-back” as you like on comfortable cruise ships with fine wine and food, pampering amenities, delightful entertainment, and superior service. There are ships and cabins to fill all you needs and satisfy every desire and budget. Examine our various cruise lines and call us to dicuss the possibility of your great trip to the Great Land.

lowercased: whether you agree or disagree that global warming is to blame for distinct changes in the u s state closest to the north pole, alaska is the “great land,” so named by the native aleuts. our agents have returned with memories of the magnificent mt. mckinley, the white thunder of “calving” glaciers, the thrill of a dog sled ride, and the pure fun of playing with alaskan husky puppies. seeing whales, dolphins, seals, salmon, caribou, moose, bear, wolves, and mountain goats in their natural inhabitats is beyond any experience you can have in a zoo. you can be as active or as “laid-back” as you like on comfortable cruise ships with fine wine and food, pampering amenities, delightful entertainment, and superior service. there are ships and cabins to fill all you needs and satisfy every desire and budget. examine our various cruise lines and call us to dicuss the possibility of your great trip to the great land.


text:
Delicious Fresh Burgers made your style.
BURGERS or HOT DOGS- Best in Town! Come try one or both TODAY!
THE ADAM BOMB - Bacon, Egg, Cheddar Cheese Between a Glazed Donut and Maple Syrup.
CLASSIC BACON DOUBLE CHEESEBURGER - Always hots the spot perfectly!
Website by Spartan Impressions, Inc.

lowercased:
delicious fresh burgers made your style.
burgers or hot dogs- best in town! come try one or both today!
the adam bomb - bacon, egg, cheddar cheese between a glazed donut and maple syrup.
classic bacon double cheeseburger - always hots the spot perfectly!
website by spartan impressions, inc.


text:
How much is the tourist visa fee?
Tourist visa fee range is from 345RMBs for regular processing in 5 working days, and 630RMBs for express service in 1-3 days.
Can you please confirm the bank information for consular service?
Is it possible to pay with WeChat?
No, we only accept bank cards, or you can pay by cash.
How can I get a multiple entry or business visa?
How many days does visa processing takes?
For regular processing takes 5 working days, express processing is within 8 working hours.
I am Malaysian citizen, holding an ordinary passport. Should I need a visa, to travel to Mongolia?
Can I apply for a transit visa in Beijing?
Yes, you can apply all kind of visas in Beijing.
Do you have an online visa system?
Currently we don’t have an online or evisa.
Can someone else can apply or collect visa on behalf me?
Yes. You need to send power of attorney at the notaries in this case. The courier must show the valid ID card or passport to visa officer upon delivery.

lowercased:
how much is the tourist visa fee?
tourist visa fee range is from 345rmbs for regular processing in 5 working days, and 630rmbs for express service in 1-3 days.
can you please confirm the bank information for consular service?
is it possible to pay with wechat?
no, we only accept bank cards, or you can pay by cash.
how can i get a multiple entry or business visa?
how many days does visa processing takes?
for regular processing takes 5 working days, express processing is within 8 working hours.
i am malaysian citizen, holding an ordinary passport. should i need a visa, to travel to mongolia?
can i apply for a transit visa in beijing?
yes, you can apply all kind of visas in beijing.
do you have an online visa system?
currently we don’t have an online or evisa.
can someone else can apply or collect visa on behalf me?
yes. you need to send power of attorney at the notaries in this case. the courier must show the valid id card or passport to visa officer upon delivery.


text:
A friend asked me recently what motivated me to start using and promoting Ha-Ra all those years ago. As a former theater nurse I understood the negative effects of cleaning agents and wanted my children to grow up in a chemical-free home.
Before the modern-day sprays and aerosols we only used a bucket of water and some laundry soap to wash clothes and floors. No bleaches, no softeners, no washing powder or disinfectants, just good old fashioned scrubbing using soap, water and old rags.
Then in the 50’s some of the chemicals used to kill people in wars, such as chlorine, found their way into cleaning products. We were then brainwashed about how easy it is to clean: a squirt and the job is done. The big breakthrough in this market was ‘Swipe’, I remember a door-to-door salesman selling my mum on the farm boxes of the stuff. But all these cleaning agents actually build up streaks on surfaces and smears on windows.
So 19 years ago I discovered the pioneer in microfibre cleaning systems: I started educating Australians about fibre cleaning and encouraging them to throw out all those poisoned ‘magic’ potions that lurk around the home.
But even now the public is not convinced that fibres and water alone will do the job. We ran a competition on green cleaning tips, and so many people still believe they need vinegar for a ‘green‘ clean. In fact using vinegar or lemon juice on surfaces such as marble or limestone can actually stain or even pit the stone.
The latest trend is disinfecting everything: actually most cleaning agents kill the bacteria but do not remove them, whereas microfibre cleaning, using only water, removes the bacteria and leaves behind only a dry, clean surface. And no chemical residue!

lowercased:
a friend asked me recently what motivated me to start using and promoting ha-ra all those years ago. as a former theater nurse i understood the negative effects of cleaning agents and wanted my children to grow up in a chemical-free home.
before the modern-day sprays and aerosols we only used a bucket of water and some laundry soap to wash clothes and floors. no bleaches, no softeners, no washing powder or disinfectants, just good old fashioned scrubbing using soap, water and old rags.
then in the 50’s some of the chemicals used to kill people in wars, such as chlorine, found their way into cleaning products. we were then brainwashed about how easy it is to clean: a squirt and the job is done. the big breakthrough in this market was ‘swipe’, i remember a door-to-door salesman selling my mum on the farm boxes of the stuff. but all these cleaning agents actually build up streaks on surfaces and smears on windows.
so 19 years ago i discovered the pioneer in microfibre cleaning systems: i started educating australians about fibre cleaning and encouraging them to throw out all those poisoned ‘magic’ potions that lurk around the home.
but even now the public is not convinced that fibres and water alone will do the job. we ran a competition on green cleaning tips, and so many people still believe they need vinegar for a ‘green‘ clean. in fact using vinegar or lemon juice on surfaces such as marble or limestone can actually stain or even pit the stone.
the latest trend is disinfecting everything: actually most cleaning agents kill the bacteria but do not remove them, whereas microfibre cleaning, using only water, removes the bacteria and leaves behind only a dry, clean surface. and no chemical residue!


text:
We work through a network of professionally certified Associates and Partners around the world. We also equip our clients to build internal 6 ’I’s® capabilities. Hear from some of the professionals in our network.
The training involves a four-day face to face Certification Programme where you will learn how to administer and interpret 6 ‘I’s® Individual and Team Profiles and apply a range of innovation tools across each of the 6 ‘I’s® to an innovation challenge.
Level One (Day 1 and 2) focuses on understanding the dynamics of the 6 ‘I’s® Model and how to interpret and apply the three 6 ‘I’s® assessment tools – Standard Report, Full Report and Team Report.
Level Two (Day 3 and 4) builds on Level One and focuses on applying the 6 ‘I’s® Model on an Innovation Challenge, covering a variety of tools and techniques to facilitate groups of people to innovate; and how to embed innovation into the culture of the team or organisation.
The Programme blends theory and experiential activities with active learning principles.
Please note that the topics listed above are described in a linear fashion for clarity of understanding. In the session, they will be delivered in an experiential manner with interactive exercises built in to strengthen learning.
Currently we run Certification Programmes in London and Singapore.
Pre Complete 6 ‘I’s® Profiling Assessment Pre-reading material.
Post There is a three-month post-certification process. Details will be provided on your application.
6 Apply seven innovation tools to support teams as they progress through the 6 ‘I’s® Model on a practical innovation challenge.
We also have one and two-day training Programmes, with full presentation decks and session plans, that you can utilise within a value sharing model.
This can be discussed if of interest post Certification.
The Certification includes in-depth training on the 6 ‘I’s® Full Report, which gives a detailed analysis of the attributes that make up an individual’s 6 ‘I’s® Profile.
The Full Report must be administered by a Certified 6 ‘I’s® Practitioner.

lowercased:
we work through a network of professionally certified associates and partners around the world. we also equip our clients to build internal 6 ’i’s® capabilities. hear from some of the professionals in our network.
the training involves a four-day face to face certification programme where you will learn how to administer and interpret 6 ‘i’s® individual and team profiles and apply a range of innovation tools across each of the 6 ‘i’s® to an innovation challenge.
level one (day 1 and 2) focuses on understanding the dynamics of the 6 ‘i’s® model and how to interpret and apply the three 6 ‘i’s® assessment tools – standard report, full report and team report.
level two (day 3 and 4) builds on level one and focuses on applying the 6 ‘i’s® model on an innovation challenge, covering a variety of tools and techniques to facilitate groups of people to innovate; and how to embed innovation into the culture of the team or organisation.
the programme blends theory and experiential activities with active learning principles.
please note that the topics listed above are described in a linear fashion for clarity of understanding. in the session, they will be delivered in an experiential manner with interactive exercises built in to strengthen learning.
currently we run certification programmes in london and singapore.
pre complete 6 ‘i’s® profiling assessment pre-reading material.
post there is a three-month post-certification process. details will be provided on your application.
6 apply seven innovation tools to support teams as they progress through the 6 ‘i’s® model on a practical innovation challenge.
we also have one and two-day training programmes, with full presentation decks and session plans, that you can utilise within a value sharing model.
this can be discussed if of interest post certification.
the certification includes in-depth training on the 6 ‘i’s® full report, which gives a detailed analysis of the attributes that make up an individual’s 6 ‘i’s® profile.
the full report must be administered by a certified 6 ‘i’s® practitioner.