text:
What risks do women face when seeking advice during pregnancy from pharmacies and natural health retailers?
Natural health products are popular among pregnant women in Australasia,1,2 yet potential risks of exposure to teratogenic herbs, vitamins and other substances raise concerns regarding the present lack of effective regulation of the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) industry in New Zealand.
Natural health (or CAM) products, including herb, mineral and vitamin supplements, are marketed for pregnancy on the basis of health promotion as well as to remedy pregnancy-associated ailments such as nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP).
The key issue that this study sought to investigate was the risks which a woman may face when seeking advice regarding NVP, and vitamin supplementation during pregnancy from pharmacies and health food stores (HFS) in Greater Wellington.
A search of The Yellow Pages telephone directory in February 2010 identified 26 Health Food Stores (HFS) in the Greater Wellington region. Of these, 5 were excluded: 3 were no longer in operation, 1 was a residential property, and 1 specialised in sports supplements.
Twenty-one HFS and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies (on the basis of closest location to the HFS) were visited by the same researcher between the months of February to July 2010.
With each visit, the researcher commenced a conversation with a retail assistant by saying she was 6–8 weeks pregnant, having problems with morning sickness, and enquiring about any herbal products which the retail assistant could recommend to help reduce nausea. The researcher would then ask what the retail assistant could recommend with regards to vitamin supplementation. Finally she asked which vitamins were important during pregnancy and if there were any to avoid.
If questioned by the retail assistant, the researcher would reply, as appropriate, saying she was: 30 years old, married, excited about her first pregnancy, currently working in a clerical office job, and otherwise fit and healthy with no previous medical history.
During each interaction, the researcher would take note of the products recommended and their prices, and upon leaving immediately complete a standardised data collection form to document the advice received. The ingredients of each recommended product were later confirmed by searching for the product on the Internet.
The NZ MOH Food and Nutrition Guidelines of Healthy Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women (revised 2008) was the standard against which all advice was compared. For ingredients not noted therein, a database search using Medline was performed for evidence of safety during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Safe—Product contains ingredients which are not absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy or their daily dose does not exceed the upper limit recommended by NZ MOH guidelines, or, if the ingredient is unknown, there is no evidence that it may be unsafe by Medline search of the literature.
Unsafe—Product contains ingredients which are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy or the daily dose exceeds the upper limit recommended by NZ MOH guidelines, or, if the ingredient is unknown, there is evidence that it may be unsafe by Medline search of the literature.
Correct—Dose advised corresponds with NZ MOH guidelines for supplementation with 800 mcg/day in low-risk pregnancy.
Incorrect—Folic acid not recommended or dose advised was less than 800 mcg/day.
Advice regarding vitamin supplementation in early pregnancy – Vitamin A overdose risk.
Safe—Advice given did not pose risk of vitamin A overdose. This includes recommendation of a multivitamin product marketed for pregnancy which did not contain doses of vitamin A exceeding 3000mcg/day of retinol, even without demonstrating explicit vitamin A overdose awareness.
Unsafe—Advised that there is no limit to vitamin dosing during pregnancy or recommended a product containing >3000 mcg/day of retinol or advised to take any generic multivitamin.
A statistically significant McNemar's test means the marginal proportions of the contingency table are different. In the analysis McNemar’s test is based on an exact test whereas the confidence interval is based on asymptotic (large sample) assumptions. Where more than one product was recommended for nausea, the primary recommended products were compared in one analysis, and then the secondarily recommended products compared separately.
The number of matched pharmacies/HFS was based on an earlier study comparing the advice from HFS assistants with that of pharmacy assistants given to an individual presenting with symptoms suggestive of moderate to severe asthma who should be referred to a medical practitioner18 Based on this, it was calculated that the study would need to have 19 store/pharmacy pairs to have 80% power to detect the difference.
The study was approved by the Central Regional Ethics Committee.
Data was collected from 21 HFS and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies in the Greater Wellington region. The investigator was advised by retail assistants in all the HFS, with 6/21 (28.6%) HFS advising further discussion with a naturopath (n=2) or GP (n=4).
In 7/21 pharmacies, advice was indirectly (n=3) or directly (n=4) from the pharmacist. 9/21 (42.9%) of pharmacies referred the researcher to a GP (n=7) and/or midwife (n=2) during the interaction.
Table 1 lists the products recommended for nausea and Table 2 summarises other recommendations made, including multivitamin supplementation.
In brackets = Number of HPS and P recommendations for the product. *Also contains herb mixture called cardiodoron 250mg/15 drops = Digestion, equiv. fresh plant juice: Hyoscyamus niger, herb 1mg; onopordon acanthium, flower 25mg; Primula veris, flower 25mg. Nausyn is licensed by Medsafe as a Medicine.
Advice given for nausea in the first trimester of pregnancy—5/21 (23.8%) of pharmacies and 1/21 (4.8%) of HFS made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by the NZ MOH guidelines, with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of 19.1% (95%CI -2.3% to 40.4%), p=0.10.
Both pharmacies (14/21, 66.7%) and HFS (7/21, 33.3%), made primary recommendations which were contrary to NZ MOH safety guidance. The difference in marginal proportions was 33.4% (95%CI 5.9% to 60.8%), p= 0.07. With regards to recommendations of second-line products which were contrary to MOH safety guidance, this occurred in 7/21 (33.3%) of pharmacies and 10/21 (47.6%) of HFS with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of -14.3% (95%CI -41.6% to 13.0%), p=0.51. The most common reason for a product being considered unsafe was that it provided >1g ginger ± >50 mg pyridoxine in the maximum daily dose as directed (Table 1).
7/21 (33.3%) of pharmacies and 0/21 (0%) of HFS advised GP consultation if nausea did not settle. Due to two zero cell counts in the paired contingency table, it was not possible to calculate McNemar’s test or a confidence interval for the difference in paired proportions.
Advice promoting a balanced diet with folic acid supplementation—1/21 (4.8%) of HFS and 0/21 (0%) of pharmacies correctly advised that a balanced diet, along with folic acid supplementation, was recommended during pregnancy in otherwise healthy young women. However, 0/21 of HFS and 18/21 (85.7%) of pharmacies primarily recommended Elevit by Bayer, a multivitamin product which is licensed by Medsafe. Due to zero cell counts in the paired contingency tables, it was not possible to calculate McNemar’s test or a confidence interval for the difference in these paired proportions.
Advice regarding folic acid—The majority of those promoting folic acid supplementation advised that this was for the prevention of neural tube defects (14/20 pharmacies and 13/17 HFS). 20/21 (95.2%) of pharmacies and 10/21 (47.6%) of HFS correctly gave dosing recommendations on the basis of national standards, with a difference in marginal proportions of 47.6% (95%CI 22.5% to 72.7%), p=0.006. 1/21 (4.8%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19.0%) of HFS did not actively recommend taking folic acid supplementation.
Advice regarding Vitamin A overdose risk—2/21 (9.5%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19.0%) of HFS vitamin recommendations were unsafe due to the potential risk of vitamin A overdose, with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of -9.5%, p=0.69.
Both pharmacies and HFS recommended products for nausea in early pregnancy which did not adhere with NZ MOH safety guidance.
A minority also provided potentially unsafe advice regarding vitamin supplementation. There were no statistically significant differences between stores in the majority of recommendations made, except pharmacies were more likely than matched HFS to advise correctly regarding folic acid dosing. While this difference is unsurprising taking into consideration that pharmacies promote Medsafe-approved folic acid products which only they can sell, it does demonstrate the positive influence of product approval.
This study supports the urgent introduction of regulatory reform of the CAM industry and the businesses which sell these products.
This study is the fourth in a series of surveys in New Zealand looking at the appropriateness of advice given by pharmacies and HFS for a range of medical conditions. Previous surveys have all raised concerns regarding the advice provided by HFS when compared with pharmacies.18–20 This is the first scenario to find that the standard of advice was, on the whole, similarly matched between both types of store.
In fact there was a trend towards the primary promotion of potentially unsafe products for NVP by pharmacies when compared with matched HFS. This is largely due to the primary promotion of homeopathy by HFS, which although only able to offer a placebo effect at best, is inherently safe.
There were several limitations of this study. One of these is the possibility of recall bias although advice was entered into a data collection sheet immediately following the interaction to minimize this. The study was limited by the sample size available to the researchers in the greater Wellington region and although no statistically significant differences were found the confidence intervals for the comparisons were quite wide.
While this is the first study in New Zealand examining advice given by CAM retailers for a scenario of pregnancy, the closest comparative is a survey carried out in 2003 in North America.21 In this study, advice was sought from HFS via telephone for the treatment of nausea and migraines in early pregnancy. They found that HFS readily made recommendations, 5% of which were for products contraindicated in pregnancy, and most stores primarily promoted ginger for NVP giving incorrect dosing instructions.
Since the 1990s the use of CAM has surged worldwide and the World Health Organization actively recommends the regulation of all complementary and herbal medicine products and practitioners.22 This is particularly so in situations where the practice of complementary medicine brings economic benefit. This is to ensure the quality of the service received and thus to protect the public from potential harm.
This study supports the introduction of the Natural Health Products Bill in New Zealand (currently before the Health Committee) which is aimed at improving regulation by making pre-marketing ‘product approval’ mandatory, establishing a database of permitted CAM ingredients, requiring product labeling and licensing of CAM product manufacturers.6 This proposed legislation would ensure that commercially available CAM products complied with national guidelines prior to appearing on the shelves. Furthermore it would help ensure the quality of the ingredients used.
Analysis of the contents of the recommended products was outside the scope of this study, but it would have been interesting to assess the accuracy of the listed ingredients.
Research has demonstrated a wide variation in the constituents of ginger present in commercially available ginger supplements.23 This not only has implications for the rights of the consumer, but lack of standardisation of the products used in research, as exemplified by the variety of preparations used in ginger studies, may create misleading results.
Further monitoring of the therapeutic claims made on product labeling is also appropriate; a number of products not registered as medicines by Medsafe, and therefore not permitted to make therapeutic claims, were found to do so.
Unfortunately the proposed bill will not address the issue of setting minimum staff training requirements for the promotion of health food goods. Although only a minority provided unsafe advice regarding vitamin supplementation (e.g. 4.8% of pharmacies and 19.0% of HFS did not recommend folic acid) in the context of a retailer presenting themselves as a source of health advice to the public, any unsafe practice is unacceptable.
In conclusion, this study found that both HFS and pharmacy staff made potentially unsafe recommendations for nausea and vitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.
Many of the pregnancy promoted products recommended often did not adhere to the safety guidance set out by the NZ MOH. This study supports the call for legislative change and high quality research to guide the practice of health care professionals and retailers who sell natural products which may exert both beneficial and harmful effects.
There are potential risks to mothers and their unborn babies with the incorrect use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products during pregnancy. 21 Health Food Stores (HFS) and 21 geographically matched pharmacies were visited by a researcher who sought advice regarding vitamin supplementation and nausea in early pregnancy. A minority of pharmacies and HFS made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by Ministry of Health guidelines, and both pharmacies and HFS recommended products contrary to these guidelines. Pharmacies were more likely to give advice consistent with MOH recommendations for folic acid. Regulatory reform of CAM products and those who sell them is called for in NZ.
Potential risks to mother and foetus exist with the incorrect use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) products during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify the risks that a woman may face when seeking advice during pregnancy from pharmacies and health food stores (HFS) in Greater Wellington (New Zealand).
21 HFS and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies were visited by a researcher who sought advice regarding vitamin supplementation and nausea in early pregnancy using a standardised scenario. Any advice given, including details of recommended products, was documented immediately upon leaving the premises. Proportions were obtained and paired contingency table analysis was used to examine the agreement between the matched pairs.
A minority of pharmacies (5/21, 23.8%) and HFS (1/21, 4.8%) made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by Ministry of Health (MOH) guidelines, and both pharmacies (14/21, 66.7%) and HFS (7/21, 33.3%) recommended products contrary to these guidelines. A greater proportion of pharmacies gave advice consistent with MOH recommended dosage of folic acid supplementation than HFS (20/21, 95.2% vs 10/21, 47.6%). 2/21 (9.5%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19%) of HFS gave advice with a potential risk of vitamin A overdose.
Pharmacies and HFS in Greater Wellington provided potentially hazardous advice, recommending products, often branded for pregnancy, which contradicted NZ MOH guidelines. Regulatory reform of CAM products and those who sell them is called for in New Zealand.
Allen T, Thomson WM, Emmerton LM, Poulton R. Nutritional supplement use among 26-year-olds. N Z Med J 2000;113:274-7.
Maats FH, Crowther CA. Patterns of vitamin, mineral and herbal supplement use prior to and during pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;42:494-6.
Hollyer T, Boon H, Georgousis A, et al. The use of CAM by women suffering from nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. BMC Complement Altern Med 2002;2:5.
Wardle J. Regulation of complementary medicines. A brief report on the regulation and potential role of complementary medicines in Australia. In: The Naturopathy Foundation and NorphCam; 2008:3-20.
MOH. Questions and Answers: Development of a Natural Health Products Bill. Wellington: Ministry of Health; 2011.
MacLennan AH, Myers SP, Taylor AW. The continuing use of complementary and alternative medicine in South Australia: costs and beliefs in 2004. Med J Aust 2006;184:27-31.
Matthews A, Dowswell T, Haas DM, et al. Interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010:CD007575.
Snodgrass SR. Vitamin neurotoxicity. Mol Neurobiol 1992;6:41-73.
Hardy ML. Herbs of special interest to women. J Am Pharm Assoc (Wash) 2000;40:234-42; quiz 327-9.
Backon J. Ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1991;42:163-4.
Guh JH, Ko FN, Jong TT, Teng CM. Antiplatelet effect of gingerol isolated from Zingiber officinale. J Pharm Pharmacol 1995;47:329-32.
Vijaya Padma V, Arul Diana Christie S, Ramkuma KM. Induction of apoptosis by ginger in HEp-2 cell line is mediated by reactive oxygen species. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2007;100:302-7.
Janssen PL, Meyboom S, van Staveren WA, et al. Consumption of ginger (Zingiber officinale roscoe) does not affect ex vivo platelet thromboxane production in humans. Eur J Clin Nutr 1996:50:772-4.
Karna P, Chagani S, Gundala S, et al. Benefits of whole ginger extract in prostate cancer. Br J Nutr 2011;18:1-12.
Agresti A. Categorical data analysis 2nd ed: John Wiley, Hoboken; 2002.
Buckner KD, Chavez ML, Raney EC, Stoehr JD. Health food stores' recommendations for nausea and migraines during pregnancy. Ann Pharmacother 2005;39:274-9.
Schwertner HA, Rios DC, Pascoe JE. Variation in concentration and labeling of ginger root dietary supplements. Obstet Gynecol 2006;107:1337-43.

lowercased:
what risks do women face when seeking advice during pregnancy from pharmacies and natural health retailers?
natural health products are popular among pregnant women in australasia,1,2 yet potential risks of exposure to teratogenic herbs, vitamins and other substances raise concerns regarding the present lack of effective regulation of the complementary and alternative medicine (cam) industry in new zealand.
natural health (or cam) products, including herb, mineral and vitamin supplements, are marketed for pregnancy on the basis of health promotion as well as to remedy pregnancy-associated ailments such as nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (nvp).
the key issue that this study sought to investigate was the risks which a woman may face when seeking advice regarding nvp, and vitamin supplementation during pregnancy from pharmacies and health food stores (hfs) in greater wellington.
a search of the yellow pages telephone directory in february 2010 identified 26 health food stores (hfs) in the greater wellington region. of these, 5 were excluded: 3 were no longer in operation, 1 was a residential property, and 1 specialised in sports supplements.
twenty-one hfs and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies (on the basis of closest location to the hfs) were visited by the same researcher between the months of february to july 2010.
with each visit, the researcher commenced a conversation with a retail assistant by saying she was 6–8 weeks pregnant, having problems with morning sickness, and enquiring about any herbal products which the retail assistant could recommend to help reduce nausea. the researcher would then ask what the retail assistant could recommend with regards to vitamin supplementation. finally she asked which vitamins were important during pregnancy and if there were any to avoid.
if questioned by the retail assistant, the researcher would reply, as appropriate, saying she was: 30 years old, married, excited about her first pregnancy, currently working in a clerical office job, and otherwise fit and healthy with no previous medical history.
during each interaction, the researcher would take note of the products recommended and their prices, and upon leaving immediately complete a standardised data collection form to document the advice received. the ingredients of each recommended product were later confirmed by searching for the product on the internet.
the nz moh food and nutrition guidelines of healthy pregnant and breastfeeding women (revised 2008) was the standard against which all advice was compared. for ingredients not noted therein, a database search using medline was performed for evidence of safety during the first trimester of pregnancy.
safe—product contains ingredients which are not absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy or their daily dose does not exceed the upper limit recommended by nz moh guidelines, or, if the ingredient is unknown, there is no evidence that it may be unsafe by medline search of the literature.
unsafe—product contains ingredients which are absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy or the daily dose exceeds the upper limit recommended by nz moh guidelines, or, if the ingredient is unknown, there is evidence that it may be unsafe by medline search of the literature.
correct—dose advised corresponds with nz moh guidelines for supplementation with 800 mcg/day in low-risk pregnancy.
incorrect—folic acid not recommended or dose advised was less than 800 mcg/day.
advice regarding vitamin supplementation in early pregnancy – vitamin a overdose risk.
safe—advice given did not pose risk of vitamin a overdose. this includes recommendation of a multivitamin product marketed for pregnancy which did not contain doses of vitamin a exceeding 3000mcg/day of retinol, even without demonstrating explicit vitamin a overdose awareness.
unsafe—advised that there is no limit to vitamin dosing during pregnancy or recommended a product containing >3000 mcg/day of retinol or advised to take any generic multivitamin.
a statistically significant mcnemar's test means the marginal proportions of the contingency table are different. in the analysis mcnemar’s test is based on an exact test whereas the confidence interval is based on asymptotic (large sample) assumptions. where more than one product was recommended for nausea, the primary recommended products were compared in one analysis, and then the secondarily recommended products compared separately.
the number of matched pharmacies/hfs was based on an earlier study comparing the advice from hfs assistants with that of pharmacy assistants given to an individual presenting with symptoms suggestive of moderate to severe asthma who should be referred to a medical practitioner18 based on this, it was calculated that the study would need to have 19 store/pharmacy pairs to have 80% power to detect the difference.
the study was approved by the central regional ethics committee.
data was collected from 21 hfs and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies in the greater wellington region. the investigator was advised by retail assistants in all the hfs, with 6/21 (28.6%) hfs advising further discussion with a naturopath (n=2) or gp (n=4).
in 7/21 pharmacies, advice was indirectly (n=3) or directly (n=4) from the pharmacist. 9/21 (42.9%) of pharmacies referred the researcher to a gp (n=7) and/or midwife (n=2) during the interaction.
table 1 lists the products recommended for nausea and table 2 summarises other recommendations made, including multivitamin supplementation.
in brackets = number of hps and p recommendations for the product. *also contains herb mixture called cardiodoron 250mg/15 drops = digestion, equiv. fresh plant juice: hyoscyamus niger, herb 1mg; onopordon acanthium, flower 25mg; primula veris, flower 25mg. nausyn is licensed by medsafe as a medicine.
advice given for nausea in the first trimester of pregnancy—5/21 (23.8%) of pharmacies and 1/21 (4.8%) of hfs made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by the nz moh guidelines, with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of 19.1% (95%ci -2.3% to 40.4%), p=0.10.
both pharmacies (14/21, 66.7%) and hfs (7/21, 33.3%), made primary recommendations which were contrary to nz moh safety guidance. the difference in marginal proportions was 33.4% (95%ci 5.9% to 60.8%), p= 0.07. with regards to recommendations of second-line products which were contrary to moh safety guidance, this occurred in 7/21 (33.3%) of pharmacies and 10/21 (47.6%) of hfs with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of -14.3% (95%ci -41.6% to 13.0%), p=0.51. the most common reason for a product being considered unsafe was that it provided >1g ginger ± >50 mg pyridoxine in the maximum daily dose as directed (table 1).
7/21 (33.3%) of pharmacies and 0/21 (0%) of hfs advised gp consultation if nausea did not settle. due to two zero cell counts in the paired contingency table, it was not possible to calculate mcnemar’s test or a confidence interval for the difference in paired proportions.
advice promoting a balanced diet with folic acid supplementation—1/21 (4.8%) of hfs and 0/21 (0%) of pharmacies correctly advised that a balanced diet, along with folic acid supplementation, was recommended during pregnancy in otherwise healthy young women. however, 0/21 of hfs and 18/21 (85.7%) of pharmacies primarily recommended elevit by bayer, a multivitamin product which is licensed by medsafe. due to zero cell counts in the paired contingency tables, it was not possible to calculate mcnemar’s test or a confidence interval for the difference in these paired proportions.
advice regarding folic acid—the majority of those promoting folic acid supplementation advised that this was for the prevention of neural tube defects (14/20 pharmacies and 13/17 hfs). 20/21 (95.2%) of pharmacies and 10/21 (47.6%) of hfs correctly gave dosing recommendations on the basis of national standards, with a difference in marginal proportions of 47.6% (95%ci 22.5% to 72.7%), p=0.006. 1/21 (4.8%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19.0%) of hfs did not actively recommend taking folic acid supplementation.
advice regarding vitamin a overdose risk—2/21 (9.5%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19.0%) of hfs vitamin recommendations were unsafe due to the potential risk of vitamin a overdose, with a non significant difference in marginal proportions of -9.5%, p=0.69.
both pharmacies and hfs recommended products for nausea in early pregnancy which did not adhere with nz moh safety guidance.
a minority also provided potentially unsafe advice regarding vitamin supplementation. there were no statistically significant differences between stores in the majority of recommendations made, except pharmacies were more likely than matched hfs to advise correctly regarding folic acid dosing. while this difference is unsurprising taking into consideration that pharmacies promote medsafe-approved folic acid products which only they can sell, it does demonstrate the positive influence of product approval.
this study supports the urgent introduction of regulatory reform of the cam industry and the businesses which sell these products.
this study is the fourth in a series of surveys in new zealand looking at the appropriateness of advice given by pharmacies and hfs for a range of medical conditions. previous surveys have all raised concerns regarding the advice provided by hfs when compared with pharmacies.18–20 this is the first scenario to find that the standard of advice was, on the whole, similarly matched between both types of store.
in fact there was a trend towards the primary promotion of potentially unsafe products for nvp by pharmacies when compared with matched hfs. this is largely due to the primary promotion of homeopathy by hfs, which although only able to offer a placebo effect at best, is inherently safe.
there were several limitations of this study. one of these is the possibility of recall bias although advice was entered into a data collection sheet immediately following the interaction to minimize this. the study was limited by the sample size available to the researchers in the greater wellington region and although no statistically significant differences were found the confidence intervals for the comparisons were quite wide.
while this is the first study in new zealand examining advice given by cam retailers for a scenario of pregnancy, the closest comparative is a survey carried out in 2003 in north america.21 in this study, advice was sought from hfs via telephone for the treatment of nausea and migraines in early pregnancy. they found that hfs readily made recommendations, 5% of which were for products contraindicated in pregnancy, and most stores primarily promoted ginger for nvp giving incorrect dosing instructions.
since the 1990s the use of cam has surged worldwide and the world health organization actively recommends the regulation of all complementary and herbal medicine products and practitioners.22 this is particularly so in situations where the practice of complementary medicine brings economic benefit. this is to ensure the quality of the service received and thus to protect the public from potential harm.
this study supports the introduction of the natural health products bill in new zealand (currently before the health committee) which is aimed at improving regulation by making pre-marketing ‘product approval’ mandatory, establishing a database of permitted cam ingredients, requiring product labeling and licensing of cam product manufacturers.6 this proposed legislation would ensure that commercially available cam products complied with national guidelines prior to appearing on the shelves. furthermore it would help ensure the quality of the ingredients used.
analysis of the contents of the recommended products was outside the scope of this study, but it would have been interesting to assess the accuracy of the listed ingredients.
research has demonstrated a wide variation in the constituents of ginger present in commercially available ginger supplements.23 this not only has implications for the rights of the consumer, but lack of standardisation of the products used in research, as exemplified by the variety of preparations used in ginger studies, may create misleading results.
further monitoring of the therapeutic claims made on product labeling is also appropriate; a number of products not registered as medicines by medsafe, and therefore not permitted to make therapeutic claims, were found to do so.
unfortunately the proposed bill will not address the issue of setting minimum staff training requirements for the promotion of health food goods. although only a minority provided unsafe advice regarding vitamin supplementation (e.g. 4.8% of pharmacies and 19.0% of hfs did not recommend folic acid) in the context of a retailer presenting themselves as a source of health advice to the public, any unsafe practice is unacceptable.
in conclusion, this study found that both hfs and pharmacy staff made potentially unsafe recommendations for nausea and vitamin supplementation in early pregnancy.
many of the pregnancy promoted products recommended often did not adhere to the safety guidance set out by the nz moh. this study supports the call for legislative change and high quality research to guide the practice of health care professionals and retailers who sell natural products which may exert both beneficial and harmful effects.
there are potential risks to mothers and their unborn babies with the incorrect use of complementary and alternative medicine (cam) products during pregnancy. 21 health food stores (hfs) and 21 geographically matched pharmacies were visited by a researcher who sought advice regarding vitamin supplementation and nausea in early pregnancy. a minority of pharmacies and hfs made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by ministry of health guidelines, and both pharmacies and hfs recommended products contrary to these guidelines. pharmacies were more likely to give advice consistent with moh recommendations for folic acid. regulatory reform of cam products and those who sell them is called for in nz.
potential risks to mother and foetus exist with the incorrect use of complementary and alternative medicine (cam) products during pregnancy. this study aimed to identify the risks that a woman may face when seeking advice during pregnancy from pharmacies and health food stores (hfs) in greater wellington (new zealand).
21 hfs and 21 geographically-matched pharmacies were visited by a researcher who sought advice regarding vitamin supplementation and nausea in early pregnancy using a standardised scenario. any advice given, including details of recommended products, was documented immediately upon leaving the premises. proportions were obtained and paired contingency table analysis was used to examine the agreement between the matched pairs.
a minority of pharmacies (5/21, 23.8%) and hfs (1/21, 4.8%) made primary recommendations for nausea which were supported by ministry of health (moh) guidelines, and both pharmacies (14/21, 66.7%) and hfs (7/21, 33.3%) recommended products contrary to these guidelines. a greater proportion of pharmacies gave advice consistent with moh recommended dosage of folic acid supplementation than hfs (20/21, 95.2% vs 10/21, 47.6%). 2/21 (9.5%) of pharmacies and 4/21 (19%) of hfs gave advice with a potential risk of vitamin a overdose.
pharmacies and hfs in greater wellington provided potentially hazardous advice, recommending products, often branded for pregnancy, which contradicted nz moh guidelines. regulatory reform of cam products and those who sell them is called for in new zealand.
allen t, thomson wm, emmerton lm, poulton r. nutritional supplement use among 26-year-olds. n z med j 2000;113:274-7.
maats fh, crowther ca. patterns of vitamin, mineral and herbal supplement use prior to and during pregnancy. aust n z j obstet gynaecol 2002;42:494-6.
hollyer t, boon h, georgousis a, et al. the use of cam by women suffering from nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. bmc complement altern med 2002;2:5.
wardle j. regulation of complementary medicines. a brief report on the regulation and potential role of complementary medicines in australia. in: the naturopathy foundation and norphcam; 2008:3-20.
moh. questions and answers: development of a natural health products bill. wellington: ministry of health; 2011.
maclennan ah, myers sp, taylor aw. the continuing use of complementary and alternative medicine in south australia: costs and beliefs in 2004. med j aust 2006;184:27-31.
matthews a, dowswell t, haas dm, et al. interventions for nausea and vomiting in early pregnancy. cochrane database syst rev 2010:cd007575.
snodgrass sr. vitamin neurotoxicity. mol neurobiol 1992;6:41-73.
hardy ml. herbs of special interest to women. j am pharm assoc (wash) 2000;40:234-42; quiz 327-9.
backon j. ginger in preventing nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; a caveat due to its thromboxane synthetase activity and effect on testosterone binding. eur j obstet gynecol reprod biol 1991;42:163-4.
guh jh, ko fn, jong tt, teng cm. antiplatelet effect of gingerol isolated from zingiber officinale. j pharm pharmacol 1995;47:329-32.
vijaya padma v, arul diana christie s, ramkuma km. induction of apoptosis by ginger in hep-2 cell line is mediated by reactive oxygen species. basic clin pharmacol toxicol 2007;100:302-7.
janssen pl, meyboom s, van staveren wa, et al. consumption of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe) does not affect ex vivo platelet thromboxane production in humans. eur j clin nutr 1996:50:772-4.
karna p, chagani s, gundala s, et al. benefits of whole ginger extract in prostate cancer. br j nutr 2011;18:1-12.
agresti a. categorical data analysis 2nd ed: john wiley, hoboken; 2002.
buckner kd, chavez ml, raney ec, stoehr jd. health food stores' recommendations for nausea and migraines during pregnancy. ann pharmacother 2005;39:274-9.
schwertner ha, rios dc, pascoe je. variation in concentration and labeling of ginger root dietary supplements. obstet gynecol 2006;107:1337-43.


text: Join the U.S. Department of Energy’s Bioenergy Technologies Office (BETO) on Dec. 6, 2017, for the launch of the new Chemical Catalysis for Bioenergy Consortium (ChemCatBio) webinar series. The webinars will focus on informing stakeholders about exciting research and development in identifying and overcoming catalysis challenges for biomass conversion processes. Register today for the first webinar in the series—Overview of the Chemical Catalysis for Bioenergy Consortium: Enabling Production of Biofuels and Bioproducts through Catalysis—which will provide an overview of the consortium, highlight recent advancements in the production of biofuels and bioproducts enabled by ChemCatBio, and discuss opportunities for engaging with the consortium.

lowercased: join the u.s. department of energy’s bioenergy technologies office (beto) on dec. 6, 2017, for the launch of the new chemical catalysis for bioenergy consortium (chemcatbio) webinar series. the webinars will focus on informing stakeholders about exciting research and development in identifying and overcoming catalysis challenges for biomass conversion processes. register today for the first webinar in the series—overview of the chemical catalysis for bioenergy consortium: enabling production of biofuels and bioproducts through catalysis—which will provide an overview of the consortium, highlight recent advancements in the production of biofuels and bioproducts enabled by chemcatbio, and discuss opportunities for engaging with the consortium.


text:
What is the difference between ‘simulate’ and ‘imitate’? Thank you.
Scientists used the new software to simulate how urban commuters travel in the city.
This robot is designed to simulate real human emotions, like excitement, sadness, and anger.
This immersive VR game simulates the experience of being under the sea.
Some of us might think that parrots can speak – but what they are really doing is just imitating human speech.
If you want to be a successful artist, you need to stop imitating other musicians and find your own style.
Everyone laughed when the kid tried to mimic a dinosaur.

lowercased:
what is the difference between ‘simulate’ and ‘imitate’? thank you.
scientists used the new software to simulate how urban commuters travel in the city.
this robot is designed to simulate real human emotions, like excitement, sadness, and anger.
this immersive vr game simulates the experience of being under the sea.
some of us might think that parrots can speak – but what they are really doing is just imitating human speech.
if you want to be a successful artist, you need to stop imitating other musicians and find your own style.
everyone laughed when the kid tried to mimic a dinosaur.


text:
The festive season is nearly upon us. We transform our houses and fill it will Christmas trees, lights, holly, decorations, presents and lots of unfamiliar friends and relatives to your dogs!
Don’ let your dog eat chocolate as it’s toxic to your dog. If you have chocolate on your Christmas tree or have it wrapped up under the tree – remember your dogs can unwrap it and eat it!
Other foodstuffs which are toxic to dogs can be grapes. Also avoid giving raisins, fruit cakes, mince pies, nuts, blue cheese, puddings (alcohol), turkey bones or any COOKED bones!
Don’t let your dog chew the Christmas tree. Sounds obvious but most trees are toxic and can cause stomach complaints and make your dog very sick.
Pine needles can drop on the floor and get stuck in your dog’s paws causing mild irritation. Vacuum up the pine needles so they don’t get trod on or eaten. Place your Christmas tree in a bucket and water it well to reduce the amount of needles that drop off.
Decorations can get eaten and cause blockages so make sure they are out of reach. Place them higher up the tree rather than where your puppy can reach them. Some baubles are made from glass and can smash into shards. This can be very dangerous if your dog tries to eat one. Dogs can also chew through Christmas lights and get an electric shock, so make sure they can’t reach them and always supervise your dog around the Christmas tree.
Festive foliage can be toxic to your pets so best to avoid them being ingested altogether! They can cause vomiting & diarrhoea so keep them high up out of the way.
Batteries can cause chemical burns and heavy metal poisoning if chewed by your dog. If swallowed, they can cause obstruction and are toxic, so if your dog accidently chew or swallow any batteries then seek veterinary help.
We usually like having our presents under the Christmas tree but this is too tempting for puppies and young dogs who can smell them and want to chew on just about anything. Make sure all presents are kept off the floor and supervise your dog near the tree.
DANGER – POTENTIALLY LETHAL TO YOUR ANIMALS!
Ethylene glycol (antifreeze) is extremely dangerous to your animals and should be kept away from it. It is sweet-tasting and very palatable. Even the smallest quantity can cause serious kidney damage and can be fatal.
If your animals are suspected of ingesting antifreeze – seek veterinary attention straight away without delay.
Just remember if you can reach anything on your side boards (on your knees), then your dog can reach it too. Don’t leave anything on tables or side boards that your dog could jump up and eat. Keep bins shut away in cupboards or use a lockable bin!

lowercased:
the festive season is nearly upon us. we transform our houses and fill it will christmas trees, lights, holly, decorations, presents and lots of unfamiliar friends and relatives to your dogs!
don’ let your dog eat chocolate as it’s toxic to your dog. if you have chocolate on your christmas tree or have it wrapped up under the tree – remember your dogs can unwrap it and eat it!
other foodstuffs which are toxic to dogs can be grapes. also avoid giving raisins, fruit cakes, mince pies, nuts, blue cheese, puddings (alcohol), turkey bones or any cooked bones!
don’t let your dog chew the christmas tree. sounds obvious but most trees are toxic and can cause stomach complaints and make your dog very sick.
pine needles can drop on the floor and get stuck in your dog’s paws causing mild irritation. vacuum up the pine needles so they don’t get trod on or eaten. place your christmas tree in a bucket and water it well to reduce the amount of needles that drop off.
decorations can get eaten and cause blockages so make sure they are out of reach. place them higher up the tree rather than where your puppy can reach them. some baubles are made from glass and can smash into shards. this can be very dangerous if your dog tries to eat one. dogs can also chew through christmas lights and get an electric shock, so make sure they can’t reach them and always supervise your dog around the christmas tree.
festive foliage can be toxic to your pets so best to avoid them being ingested altogether! they can cause vomiting & diarrhoea so keep them high up out of the way.
batteries can cause chemical burns and heavy metal poisoning if chewed by your dog. if swallowed, they can cause obstruction and are toxic, so if your dog accidently chew or swallow any batteries then seek veterinary help.
we usually like having our presents under the christmas tree but this is too tempting for puppies and young dogs who can smell them and want to chew on just about anything. make sure all presents are kept off the floor and supervise your dog near the tree.
danger – potentially lethal to your animals!
ethylene glycol (antifreeze) is extremely dangerous to your animals and should be kept away from it. it is sweet-tasting and very palatable. even the smallest quantity can cause serious kidney damage and can be fatal.
if your animals are suspected of ingesting antifreeze – seek veterinary attention straight away without delay.
just remember if you can reach anything on your side boards (on your knees), then your dog can reach it too. don’t leave anything on tables or side boards that your dog could jump up and eat. keep bins shut away in cupboards or use a lockable bin!


text:
Did you know that it is legal to drive bare foot? This means you do not need to wear shoes when undertaking a driving test!
This rule only applies when driving a car (a vehicle that weighs a maximum of 4.5t gross vehicle mass (GVM), built or fitted to carry no more than 12 adults, including the driver).
As a safety measure, we recommend that footwear should be worn when operating all other vehicles including motorcycles and mopeds.

lowercased:
did you know that it is legal to drive bare foot? this means you do not need to wear shoes when undertaking a driving test!
this rule only applies when driving a car (a vehicle that weighs a maximum of 4.5t gross vehicle mass (gvm), built or fitted to carry no more than 12 adults, including the driver).
as a safety measure, we recommend that footwear should be worn when operating all other vehicles including motorcycles and mopeds.


text:
100% South African product – from the concept to the superb quality raw materials and execution. Our top priorities were safety and use of natural fibers. Followed by a competitive price and versatility.
Fully breathable, temperature regulator, dust mites and mildew free. Merino wool is 100% natural. The natural wool helps regulate body temperature – reducing the risk of overheating or excessive loss of body heat for newborn; keeping your baby snug in winter and cool in summer.
The nest has 3 parts: Merino wool Moses mattress/Nesting cushion + Merino wool tubular cot bumper + Cotton cover with zip.
The Merino Moses mattress / Nesting Cushion provides support whilst not placing undue pressure on your baby’s developing neck and head – it supports and soothes your baby’s small and growing body. You will find our Nesting Cushion is a medium firmness. With use, the wool gets firmer, to perfect the transition to a correct spine and back support. The Merino tubular cot bumper which goes on top on the mattress all around, keeps the baby snug and safe, whilst has the same amazing health properties of the wool. The Zipped Cotton cover made out of most beautiful and soft knitted cotton, holds everything together. The pockets of air created all around the bumper by the cotton cover, give the peace of mind for the baby’s safety.
Nothing goes to waste after the baby grows out of the nest, around 6-7 months. You can use the cot bumper in your cot and later on in the single / toddler bed as anti-falling safeguard under the fitted sheet.
The Merino nesting cushion can be used to sleep the baby on until the baby fully grows out of it. And later on you can use it as a pillow. Keep the dust mites away forever!
You can use our Merino Baby nest with our Mattress Protector Puddle Pads, placed on the mattress inside the nest cover. These allow air to circulate freely and they are our natural alternative to plastic mattress protectors. Puddle Pads will eliminate the need for frequent cleaning of the mattress itself.
Use it with our Moses Basket or on its own directly in the cot or for co-sleeping.
For small stains, ‘spot’ hand wash with lukewarm water and a mild detergent. Rinse with cool water and allow to drain before drying flat. Ensure the mattress is totally dry before using it again.
Turn the mattress over and rotate each week. Air regularly.

lowercased:
100% south african product – from the concept to the superb quality raw materials and execution. our top priorities were safety and use of natural fibers. followed by a competitive price and versatility.
fully breathable, temperature regulator, dust mites and mildew free. merino wool is 100% natural. the natural wool helps regulate body temperature – reducing the risk of overheating or excessive loss of body heat for newborn; keeping your baby snug in winter and cool in summer.
the nest has 3 parts: merino wool moses mattress/nesting cushion + merino wool tubular cot bumper + cotton cover with zip.
the merino moses mattress / nesting cushion provides support whilst not placing undue pressure on your baby’s developing neck and head – it supports and soothes your baby’s small and growing body. you will find our nesting cushion is a medium firmness. with use, the wool gets firmer, to perfect the transition to a correct spine and back support. the merino tubular cot bumper which goes on top on the mattress all around, keeps the baby snug and safe, whilst has the same amazing health properties of the wool. the zipped cotton cover made out of most beautiful and soft knitted cotton, holds everything together. the pockets of air created all around the bumper by the cotton cover, give the peace of mind for the baby’s safety.
nothing goes to waste after the baby grows out of the nest, around 6-7 months. you can use the cot bumper in your cot and later on in the single / toddler bed as anti-falling safeguard under the fitted sheet.
the merino nesting cushion can be used to sleep the baby on until the baby fully grows out of it. and later on you can use it as a pillow. keep the dust mites away forever!
you can use our merino baby nest with our mattress protector puddle pads, placed on the mattress inside the nest cover. these allow air to circulate freely and they are our natural alternative to plastic mattress protectors. puddle pads will eliminate the need for frequent cleaning of the mattress itself.
use it with our moses basket or on its own directly in the cot or for co-sleeping.
for small stains, ‘spot’ hand wash with lukewarm water and a mild detergent. rinse with cool water and allow to drain before drying flat. ensure the mattress is totally dry before using it again.
turn the mattress over and rotate each week. air regularly.


text:
On May 19, John “Tig” Tiegen, veteran of the U.S. military and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and contributor to the New York Times bestselling book, 13 Hours: The Inside Account of What Really Happened in Benghazi, shared his intense story about saving lives, the ensuing mental challenges, and his journey back to stronger mental health. The lecture was generously sponsored by Fluor Corporation as part of a special Highland Capital Management Warrior and First Responder Reunion event.
A former sergeant and infantry squad leader, Tiegen applied his military training as a security protection contractor on missions in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Iraq. He was an essential part of the rapid response to the terrorist attack on the American diplomatic compound in Benghazi, Libya on September 11, 2012, which left four Americans dead.
Tiegen participated in the Center for BrainHealth’s high-performance brain training program after transitioning back to civilian life. He knows firsthand the challenges faced by those who serve our country and communities in high-stakes roles.
Before the lecture, warriors and first responders were invited to a special reunion, with food and beverages, live music, and information from the Brain Performance Institute’s Veteran Service Organization (VSO) partners. This event, which was conceptualized by the Brain Performance Institute’s philanthropic partner, Highland Capital Management, aimed to bring awareness to the physical and emotional impact that first responders, law enforcement personnel, military veterans and many others experience.

lowercased:
on may 19, john “tig” tiegen, veteran of the u.s. military and central intelligence agency (cia) and contributor to the new york times bestselling book, 13 hours: the inside account of what really happened in benghazi, shared his intense story about saving lives, the ensuing mental challenges, and his journey back to stronger mental health. the lecture was generously sponsored by fluor corporation as part of a special highland capital management warrior and first responder reunion event.
a former sergeant and infantry squad leader, tiegen applied his military training as a security protection contractor on missions in afghanistan, pakistan, and iraq. he was an essential part of the rapid response to the terrorist attack on the american diplomatic compound in benghazi, libya on september 11, 2012, which left four americans dead.
tiegen participated in the center for brainhealth’s high-performance brain training program after transitioning back to civilian life. he knows firsthand the challenges faced by those who serve our country and communities in high-stakes roles.
before the lecture, warriors and first responders were invited to a special reunion, with food and beverages, live music, and information from the brain performance institute’s veteran service organization (vso) partners. this event, which was conceptualized by the brain performance institute’s philanthropic partner, highland capital management, aimed to bring awareness to the physical and emotional impact that first responders, law enforcement personnel, military veterans and many others experience.


text:
A preforeclosure short sale is just a quick sale before foreclosure. These days this is a quite widespread resolution for a property that is underwater and presently owned by a homeowner in the middle of a serious economic hardship. This agreement amongst the lender, owner, and interested buyer makes it possible for the homeowner to stay away from foreclosure by selling the home for significantly less than is owed on the loan prior to the home is place into the foreclosure process by the lender or mortgage servicer.
In truth, the circumstance is far from easy. Germany and the Netherlands have promised their parliaments that they will not ask for much more money for Greece unless the IMF also resumes lending to Greece. But the IMF says it will not do this unless it is satisfied that Greece’s debt burden is sustainable. For the IMF, this is a question of institutional credibility. It has already put its name to two failed programs, and it is determined that it will only join a third program if it is convinced that Greece can return to the markets at the finish of it, its monetary sovereignty restored.
Excellent lens Joan with some fantastic concepts. It tends to make sense to give anything that is not going to price much more. We cut out Xmas allowances in half this year. We have a no kitchen gadget rule in our family members (except cake decorating factors as that is a hobby) as it is regarded as a functioning gift. And clothing are a no no as well as they are quite personal. Besides vintage is in these days and you can get Jeans for Â£3.50! What we do is say the limit amount then just do a list withing that value variety of items we would like to make it simpler for individuals. Xmas is the 1 time our loved ones spends on a a lot more luxury item that we wouldn’t otherwise get for ourselves.
Of course that’s correct. But it is far from clear that the finance sector, in total, creates unfavorable value. Without having a finance sector, our economy would crash and burn and die. So some constructive worth is being created. Officials are racing to make headway ahead of December 5, the last scheduled meeting this year of eurozone finance ministers. The IMF has indicated it will seek to determine by the finish of 2016 on its participation. EconEdLink is for teachers and parents. It really is my go-to site for lesson plans on cash and economics. Compiled by the Council of Economic Education, it has a lot more than 600 lessons for youngsters at all grade levels. Attention Freelancers, Odd-Job Queens, Function-at-Home Wonders, & Jacks of All Trades! Leasing improve the borrowing energy of the company as its debt equity ratio will be unaffected by lease purchase.
The simplest definition of financial youngster abuse is identity fraud combined with economic fraud. Economic kid abuse happens when an individual intentionally commits identity theft employing a child’s Social Security Quantity, then compounds the crime by employing the child’s identity to advantage their own finances.
This is a self-publishing platform and it really is an editorial, not an write-up. It is a tiny like blogging with a new webpage per post. Appears to me you are saying that taxes to pay for decent well being care and education for all could be a lot higher with out hurting anybody, as individuals are now just spending the funds on stuff they do not require. A dummies guide to financial planning. All you need to have to know about monetary planning can be found in this book. It is easy to study and comply with and above all takes a practical approach in delivering the message.
The Economic Orbit consultancy business give worldwide investment analysis and consultancy services to companies in the investment and finance sectors. The business at the moment has a client base which encompasses wealth management, investment banking and option sector businesses in the UK, Continental Europe and the United States with plans to expand to other parts of the world.
No, the wealthy men and women will nonetheless personal it. In 1 scenario, that’s all they personal. In the other situation, they personal all of that gold plus stock as effectively there is a lot more total wealth to own, so they hold all that gold, plus stocks also. Netflix CEO Reed Hastings is a remarkable entrepreneur. He founded a DVD-by-mail enterprise in the late ‘90s that now boasts 25+ million subs and is disrupting the media and entertainment industries.

lowercased:
a preforeclosure short sale is just a quick sale before foreclosure. these days this is a quite widespread resolution for a property that is underwater and presently owned by a homeowner in the middle of a serious economic hardship. this agreement amongst the lender, owner, and interested buyer makes it possible for the homeowner to stay away from foreclosure by selling the home for significantly less than is owed on the loan prior to the home is place into the foreclosure process by the lender or mortgage servicer.
in truth, the circumstance is far from easy. germany and the netherlands have promised their parliaments that they will not ask for much more money for greece unless the imf also resumes lending to greece. but the imf says it will not do this unless it is satisfied that greece’s debt burden is sustainable. for the imf, this is a question of institutional credibility. it has already put its name to two failed programs, and it is determined that it will only join a third program if it is convinced that greece can return to the markets at the finish of it, its monetary sovereignty restored.
excellent lens joan with some fantastic concepts. it tends to make sense to give anything that is not going to price much more. we cut out xmas allowances in half this year. we have a no kitchen gadget rule in our family members (except cake decorating factors as that is a hobby) as it is regarded as a functioning gift. and clothing are a no no as well as they are quite personal. besides vintage is in these days and you can get jeans for â£3.50! what we do is say the limit amount then just do a list withing that value variety of items we would like to make it simpler for individuals. xmas is the 1 time our loved ones spends on a a lot more luxury item that we wouldn’t otherwise get for ourselves.
of course that’s correct. but it is far from clear that the finance sector, in total, creates unfavorable value. without having a finance sector, our economy would crash and burn and die. so some constructive worth is being created. officials are racing to make headway ahead of december 5, the last scheduled meeting this year of eurozone finance ministers. the imf has indicated it will seek to determine by the finish of 2016 on its participation. econedlink is for teachers and parents. it really is my go-to site for lesson plans on cash and economics. compiled by the council of economic education, it has a lot more than 600 lessons for youngsters at all grade levels. attention freelancers, odd-job queens, function-at-home wonders, & jacks of all trades! leasing improve the borrowing energy of the company as its debt equity ratio will be unaffected by lease purchase.
the simplest definition of financial youngster abuse is identity fraud combined with economic fraud. economic kid abuse happens when an individual intentionally commits identity theft employing a child’s social security quantity, then compounds the crime by employing the child’s identity to advantage their own finances.
this is a self-publishing platform and it really is an editorial, not an write-up. it is a tiny like blogging with a new webpage per post. appears to me you are saying that taxes to pay for decent well being care and education for all could be a lot higher with out hurting anybody, as individuals are now just spending the funds on stuff they do not require. a dummies guide to financial planning. all you need to have to know about monetary planning can be found in this book. it is easy to study and comply with and above all takes a practical approach in delivering the message.
the economic orbit consultancy business give worldwide investment analysis and consultancy services to companies in the investment and finance sectors. the business at the moment has a client base which encompasses wealth management, investment banking and option sector businesses in the uk, continental europe and the united states with plans to expand to other parts of the world.
no, the wealthy men and women will nonetheless personal it. in 1 scenario, that’s all they personal. in the other situation, they personal all of that gold plus stock as effectively there is a lot more total wealth to own, so they hold all that gold, plus stocks also. netflix ceo reed hastings is a remarkable entrepreneur. he founded a dvd-by-mail enterprise in the late ‘90s that now boasts 25+ million subs and is disrupting the media and entertainment industries.


text:
Land Rover Ascot Size 17"
The lightweight alloy low step through frame gives easy mounting and dismounting. Comfort is assured with a gel type suspension saddle, height adjustable handlebar stem and ergo grips. Wide ratio Shimano 21 speed gearing with trigger STI gear controls make the bike easy to ride up and down hills. The specification includes mudguards, a rear carrier and alloy kick stand making this a bike designed to offer you maximum convenience.

lowercased:
land rover ascot size 17"
the lightweight alloy low step through frame gives easy mounting and dismounting. comfort is assured with a gel type suspension saddle, height adjustable handlebar stem and ergo grips. wide ratio shimano 21 speed gearing with trigger sti gear controls make the bike easy to ride up and down hills. the specification includes mudguards, a rear carrier and alloy kick stand making this a bike designed to offer you maximum convenience.


text:
Fucus is a genus of brown alga in the Class Phaeophyceae to be found in the intertidal zones of rocky seashores almost everywhere in the world.
The thallus is perennial with an irregular or disc-shaped holdfast or with haptera . The erect portion of the thallus is dichotomous or subpinnately branched, flattened and with a distinct midrib. Gas-filled pneumatocysts (air-vesicles) are present in pairs in some species, one on either side of the midrib. The erect portion of the thallus bears cryptostomata and caecostomata (sterile surface cavities). The base of the thallus is stipe-like due to abrasion of the tissue lateral to the midrib and it is attached to the rock by a holdfast. The gametangia develop in conceptacles embedded in receptacles in the apices of the final branches. They may be monoecious or dioecious.
These algae have a relatively simple life cycle and produce only one type of thallus which grows to a maximum size of 2 m. Fertile cavities, the conceptacles, containing the reproductive cells are immersed in the receptacles near the ends of the branches. After meiosis oogonia and antheridia are produced and released, fertilization follows and the zygote develops directly into the diploid plant. It may be considered to be analogous to the life cycle of the flowering plant. but in algae the oogonia are released and fertilised in the sea while in flowering plants the ovules are fertilised while attached to the parent plant and then released as a seed.
Species of Fucus are recorded almost world-wide. They are dominant on the shores of the British Isles , the northeastern coast of North America and California .
In the British Isles these larger brown algae occur on sheltered shores in fairly well defined zones along the shore from high water mark to below low water mark. On the more exposed shores not all of these species can be found and on very exposed shores few, if any, occur. Pelvetia canaliculata forms a zone at the top of the shore. Just below this Fucus spiralis, Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus and Laminaria form clear zones, one below the other, along the shore down to low water mark. On sheltered shores Ascophyllum nodosum usually forms a broad and dominating zone along the shore at the mid-littoral. On very exposed shores few if, any plants, of these species can be found. Other brown algae can be found at the low-littoral such as Himanthalia, Laminaria saxatilis and Alaria esculenta. Small green and red algae and animals occur, protected under these large brown algae .
Clow and Clow indicate four species of seaweed as sources for kelp: Fucus vesiculosus, Ascophyllum nodosum (formerly Fucus nodosus L.), Fucus serratus, andLaminaria digitata (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux (formerly Fucus digitatus L.). The Fucus species names noted in this book as sources of kelp do not reflect modern taxonomy for these species, which has been updated using Algaebase. The purest barilla had a sodium carbonate concentration of about 30%.
It has been reported that to loosen dried earth a machine which sticks probes a meter into the ground and loosens the earth by blasting air in under pressure. Dried seaweed (bladderwrack) can then be injected into the fissures to hold the drainage cracks open .
In 2005, it was announced that bacteria grown on Fucus have the ability to attack and kill the MRSA superbug .
* = Species recorded around the coast of Britain.
F. distichus is up to 10 cm long with a short stout cylindrical stipe, branching dichotomous, flat and with a mid-rib . F. distichus subsp. edentatus was first described from Shetland Islands by Börgesen in 1903. Powell found F. distichus subsp. anceps on the north coast of Caithness . It had also been recorded from: Orkney Islands , Fair Isle , St Kilda and the Outer Hebrides in Scotland ; in Ireland it had been recorded from Counties Clare , Donegal and Kerry . Two subspecies of F. distichus (subsp. anceps and subsp. edentatus) have been described from the British Isles .
Fucus distichus is the organism used as a model to study the development of cell polarity, since it forms an apolar zygote that can develop polarity given a varying number of gradients.
F. serratus, toothed wrack, is the most distinctive of all the Fucus species. It clearly shows a distinctive serrated edge to the frond not shown by the other species of the genus .
F. spiralis is one of the three most common algae on the shores of the British Isles. It grows to about 40 cm long and does not show air bladders or a toothed edge as is found on F.vesiculosus and F. serratus. It forms a zone near the top of the shore above the zones of F. vesiculosus and F. serratus.
This is one of the most common species of Fucus, common on most shores in the mid-littoral. Readily identified by a distinct mid-rib and air vesicles in pairs on either side of the mid-rib .

lowercased:
fucus is a genus of brown alga in the class phaeophyceae to be found in the intertidal zones of rocky seashores almost everywhere in the world.
the thallus is perennial with an irregular or disc-shaped holdfast or with haptera . the erect portion of the thallus is dichotomous or subpinnately branched, flattened and with a distinct midrib. gas-filled pneumatocysts (air-vesicles) are present in pairs in some species, one on either side of the midrib. the erect portion of the thallus bears cryptostomata and caecostomata (sterile surface cavities). the base of the thallus is stipe-like due to abrasion of the tissue lateral to the midrib and it is attached to the rock by a holdfast. the gametangia develop in conceptacles embedded in receptacles in the apices of the final branches. they may be monoecious or dioecious.
these algae have a relatively simple life cycle and produce only one type of thallus which grows to a maximum size of 2 m. fertile cavities, the conceptacles, containing the reproductive cells are immersed in the receptacles near the ends of the branches. after meiosis oogonia and antheridia are produced and released, fertilization follows and the zygote develops directly into the diploid plant. it may be considered to be analogous to the life cycle of the flowering plant. but in algae the oogonia are released and fertilised in the sea while in flowering plants the ovules are fertilised while attached to the parent plant and then released as a seed.
species of fucus are recorded almost world-wide. they are dominant on the shores of the british isles , the northeastern coast of north america and california .
in the british isles these larger brown algae occur on sheltered shores in fairly well defined zones along the shore from high water mark to below low water mark. on the more exposed shores not all of these species can be found and on very exposed shores few, if any, occur. pelvetia canaliculata forms a zone at the top of the shore. just below this fucus spiralis, fucus vesiculosus and fucus serratus and laminaria form clear zones, one below the other, along the shore down to low water mark. on sheltered shores ascophyllum nodosum usually forms a broad and dominating zone along the shore at the mid-littoral. on very exposed shores few if, any plants, of these species can be found. other brown algae can be found at the low-littoral such as himanthalia, laminaria saxatilis and alaria esculenta. small green and red algae and animals occur, protected under these large brown algae .
clow and clow indicate four species of seaweed as sources for kelp: fucus vesiculosus, ascophyllum nodosum (formerly fucus nodosus l.), fucus serratus, andlaminaria digitata (hudson) j.v. lamouroux (formerly fucus digitatus l.). the fucus species names noted in this book as sources of kelp do not reflect modern taxonomy for these species, which has been updated using algaebase. the purest barilla had a sodium carbonate concentration of about 30%.
it has been reported that to loosen dried earth a machine which sticks probes a meter into the ground and loosens the earth by blasting air in under pressure. dried seaweed (bladderwrack) can then be injected into the fissures to hold the drainage cracks open .
in 2005, it was announced that bacteria grown on fucus have the ability to attack and kill the mrsa superbug .
* = species recorded around the coast of britain.
f. distichus is up to 10 cm long with a short stout cylindrical stipe, branching dichotomous, flat and with a mid-rib . f. distichus subsp. edentatus was first described from shetland islands by börgesen in 1903. powell found f. distichus subsp. anceps on the north coast of caithness . it had also been recorded from: orkney islands , fair isle , st kilda and the outer hebrides in scotland ; in ireland it had been recorded from counties clare , donegal and kerry . two subspecies of f. distichus (subsp. anceps and subsp. edentatus) have been described from the british isles .
fucus distichus is the organism used as a model to study the development of cell polarity, since it forms an apolar zygote that can develop polarity given a varying number of gradients.
f. serratus, toothed wrack, is the most distinctive of all the fucus species. it clearly shows a distinctive serrated edge to the frond not shown by the other species of the genus .
f. spiralis is one of the three most common algae on the shores of the british isles. it grows to about 40 cm long and does not show air bladders or a toothed edge as is found on f.vesiculosus and f. serratus. it forms a zone near the top of the shore above the zones of f. vesiculosus and f. serratus.
this is one of the most common species of fucus, common on most shores in the mid-littoral. readily identified by a distinct mid-rib and air vesicles in pairs on either side of the mid-rib .


text:
The recent death of children that happened in Bihar due to improper management of the mid day meal scheme opens up another Pandora’s box of the problems related to one of the largest government schemes in India. One such issue is the use of modern technologies, such as food fortification and ready-to-use therapeutic foods, as a “magic bullet” solution to solve the problems of malnutrition in India. However, this food technology-dependent, single-solution approach fails to understand the complex and multiple linkages of the problem of malnutrition as it occurs in the rural areas and urban slums of the country.
It is obvious to everyone that the major determinants of childhood malnutrition include inadequate food availability, high rate of infections and lack of awareness. In the global context, it has been established that half of malnutrition load is due to those infections caused due to poor water supply and sanitation. The case of India cannot be any different as water supply systems are poor and inadequate in the country and diarrhoea is still one of the leading causes of child mortality.
In India the problem of malnutrition is predominantly viewed as the responsibility of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme, which has been responsible for supplementary feeding and growth monitoring of children. The current ICDS programme, which is under the Ministry of Women and Child Development, has neither the mandate nor the machinery to address the prevention of infection among children or to treat them during illness, which is in fact contributing significantly to the problem of malnutrition. This was obvious when it was found that a quarter of those children who were treated for malnutrition at a Nutrition Rehabilitation Centres (NRCs), a new institutional setting under the health department which combines feeding, treatment and awareness creation to severely malnourished children to prevent malnutrition deaths, were readmitted to the same centres within a duration of one year.
Here, two aspects are important; first, initiatives like NRCs are only a crisis management initiative which can only prevent deaths due to malnutrition and not the problem of malnutrition per se. Drawing from this is the second aspect, which is that any intervention to address the problem of malnutrition should have potential to prevent occurrence of illness among children, which calls for ensuring safe water supply and sanitation, a widely ignorant sector in rural areas and urban slums.
Closely related to it is the access to health services system so that disease and infections do not interfere with the growth of the child. In one of the tribal blocks of Madhya Pradesh, it was found that there were around five to seven episodes of illness with durations of 12-16 days reported in a year among those children who are poorly nourished. This means that several children remain ill for almost 70 to 80 days in a year, a duration that restricts normal growth further, making them more susceptible to malnutrition-infection cycle. The solution to address the problem of malnutrition hence calls for not only better feeding programme, but ensuring safe drinking water and sanitation together with access to health care for treating minor illnesses.
In short, the problem of malnutrition has to be understood in its broader dimension as it is just the tip of the iceberg of the underlying social development of a nation that fails to ensure basic employment, safe water supply and sanitation and primary health care. Any attempt to project the problem of malnutrition as a techno-managerial inadequacy not only will divert the focus leading to the adoption of unsuccessful strategies but also hamper the opportunity to correct the basic services that are faulty at the grassroots level. A proper public health approach to malnutrition calls for ensuring food security, prevention of illness and better treatment facility along with the need to provide opportunities for safe livelihood.
Dr. Mathew George is an Assistant Professor at the Centre for Public Health at the School of Health Systems Studies at the Tata Institute for Social Sciences in Mumbai, India.

lowercased:
the recent death of children that happened in bihar due to improper management of the mid day meal scheme opens up another pandora’s box of the problems related to one of the largest government schemes in india. one such issue is the use of modern technologies, such as food fortification and ready-to-use therapeutic foods, as a “magic bullet” solution to solve the problems of malnutrition in india. however, this food technology-dependent, single-solution approach fails to understand the complex and multiple linkages of the problem of malnutrition as it occurs in the rural areas and urban slums of the country.
it is obvious to everyone that the major determinants of childhood malnutrition include inadequate food availability, high rate of infections and lack of awareness. in the global context, it has been established that half of malnutrition load is due to those infections caused due to poor water supply and sanitation. the case of india cannot be any different as water supply systems are poor and inadequate in the country and diarrhoea is still one of the leading causes of child mortality.
in india the problem of malnutrition is predominantly viewed as the responsibility of the integrated child development services (icds) programme, which has been responsible for supplementary feeding and growth monitoring of children. the current icds programme, which is under the ministry of women and child development, has neither the mandate nor the machinery to address the prevention of infection among children or to treat them during illness, which is in fact contributing significantly to the problem of malnutrition. this was obvious when it was found that a quarter of those children who were treated for malnutrition at a nutrition rehabilitation centres (nrcs), a new institutional setting under the health department which combines feeding, treatment and awareness creation to severely malnourished children to prevent malnutrition deaths, were readmitted to the same centres within a duration of one year.
here, two aspects are important; first, initiatives like nrcs are only a crisis management initiative which can only prevent deaths due to malnutrition and not the problem of malnutrition per se. drawing from this is the second aspect, which is that any intervention to address the problem of malnutrition should have potential to prevent occurrence of illness among children, which calls for ensuring safe water supply and sanitation, a widely ignorant sector in rural areas and urban slums.
closely related to it is the access to health services system so that disease and infections do not interfere with the growth of the child. in one of the tribal blocks of madhya pradesh, it was found that there were around five to seven episodes of illness with durations of 12-16 days reported in a year among those children who are poorly nourished. this means that several children remain ill for almost 70 to 80 days in a year, a duration that restricts normal growth further, making them more susceptible to malnutrition-infection cycle. the solution to address the problem of malnutrition hence calls for not only better feeding programme, but ensuring safe drinking water and sanitation together with access to health care for treating minor illnesses.
in short, the problem of malnutrition has to be understood in its broader dimension as it is just the tip of the iceberg of the underlying social development of a nation that fails to ensure basic employment, safe water supply and sanitation and primary health care. any attempt to project the problem of malnutrition as a techno-managerial inadequacy not only will divert the focus leading to the adoption of unsuccessful strategies but also hamper the opportunity to correct the basic services that are faulty at the grassroots level. a proper public health approach to malnutrition calls for ensuring food security, prevention of illness and better treatment facility along with the need to provide opportunities for safe livelihood.
dr. mathew george is an assistant professor at the centre for public health at the school of health systems studies at the tata institute for social sciences in mumbai, india.


text:
"Certain practices clearly do not constitute good governance on any definition. If a succession of military dictators in a resource-rich country in a poor part of the world siphon off as much as $27 billion of the public's money, economic performance and the poor are likely to suffer. Those responsible for such abuses, and the international banks that eagerly transfer their funds to safe havens, must be held accountable. Other forms of institutionalized corruption are far less extreme but may, nevertheless, limit economic growth and result in low levels of support for the poor.
IN THE MINDS OF SOME, "governance" when applied to the international realm still conjures up images of world government, of centralized bureaucratic behemoths trampling on the rights of people and states. Nothing is less desirable.
WEAK STATES are one of the main impediments to effective governance today, at national and international levels alike. Notwithstanding the institutional turmoil that is often associated with globalization, there is no other entity in sight that competes with or can substitute for the state.
YET NO LEGAL PRINCIPLE--not even sovereignty--can ever be invoked to excuse crimes against humanity. And where such crimes occur and peaceful attempts to halt them have been exhausted, the international community has a moral duty to act. The fact that we cannot protect people everywhere is no reason for doing nothing when we can.
ARMED INTERVENTION must always remain the option of last resort, but in the face of mass murder it is an option that cannot be relinquished. Nothing is more inimical to pro-growth, anti-poverty objectives than armed conflict.
COUNTRIES THAT HAVE ACHIEVED higher growth are those that have successfully integrated into the global economy and attracted foreign investment. But, as the economic benefits of education and skills increase, so does income inequality between those people who have them and those who do not. This is true both within and among countries.
POOR COUNTRIES, especially those with significant inequality between ethnic and religious communities, are far more likely to be embroiled in conflicts than rich ones. Most such conflicts are internal; they almost invariably create problems for neighbours or generate a need for humanitarian assistance.
POOR COUNTRIES often lack the capacity and resources to implement environmentally-sound policies. This undermines the sustainability of their people's meager existence, and makes the effects of their poverty even worse.
IT IS NOW WIDELY ACCEPTED that economic success depends on the quality of governance a country enjoys. Good governance comprises the rule of law, effective state institutions, transparency and accountability in the management of public affairs, respect for human rights, and the participation of all citizens in the decisions that affect their lives.
A FAIR AND TRANSPARENT public expenditure and taxation system is a key ingredient. Revenues must be used wisely to make sound investments in physical and social infrastructure for all. Excessive regulation, by contrast, impedes economic performance and slows growth.
Help strengthen the capacity of states to govern, not undermine them further.
Publication information: Article title: Freedom from Fear. Governing Better. Contributors: Not available. Magazine title: UN Chronicle. Volume: 37. Issue: 1 Publication date: Spring 2000. Page number: 52. © United Nations Publications. COPYRIGHT 2000 Gale Group.

lowercased:
"certain practices clearly do not constitute good governance on any definition. if a succession of military dictators in a resource-rich country in a poor part of the world siphon off as much as $27 billion of the public's money, economic performance and the poor are likely to suffer. those responsible for such abuses, and the international banks that eagerly transfer their funds to safe havens, must be held accountable. other forms of institutionalized corruption are far less extreme but may, nevertheless, limit economic growth and result in low levels of support for the poor.
in the minds of some, "governance" when applied to the international realm still conjures up images of world government, of centralized bureaucratic behemoths trampling on the rights of people and states. nothing is less desirable.
weak states are one of the main impediments to effective governance today, at national and international levels alike. notwithstanding the institutional turmoil that is often associated with globalization, there is no other entity in sight that competes with or can substitute for the state.
yet no legal principle--not even sovereignty--can ever be invoked to excuse crimes against humanity. and where such crimes occur and peaceful attempts to halt them have been exhausted, the international community has a moral duty to act. the fact that we cannot protect people everywhere is no reason for doing nothing when we can.
armed intervention must always remain the option of last resort, but in the face of mass murder it is an option that cannot be relinquished. nothing is more inimical to pro-growth, anti-poverty objectives than armed conflict.
countries that have achieved higher growth are those that have successfully integrated into the global economy and attracted foreign investment. but, as the economic benefits of education and skills increase, so does income inequality between those people who have them and those who do not. this is true both within and among countries.
poor countries, especially those with significant inequality between ethnic and religious communities, are far more likely to be embroiled in conflicts than rich ones. most such conflicts are internal; they almost invariably create problems for neighbours or generate a need for humanitarian assistance.
poor countries often lack the capacity and resources to implement environmentally-sound policies. this undermines the sustainability of their people's meager existence, and makes the effects of their poverty even worse.
it is now widely accepted that economic success depends on the quality of governance a country enjoys. good governance comprises the rule of law, effective state institutions, transparency and accountability in the management of public affairs, respect for human rights, and the participation of all citizens in the decisions that affect their lives.
a fair and transparent public expenditure and taxation system is a key ingredient. revenues must be used wisely to make sound investments in physical and social infrastructure for all. excessive regulation, by contrast, impedes economic performance and slows growth.
help strengthen the capacity of states to govern, not undermine them further.
publication information: article title: freedom from fear. governing better. contributors: not available. magazine title: un chronicle. volume: 37. issue: 1 publication date: spring 2000. page number: 52. © united nations publications. copyright 2000 gale group.


text: I welcome any ship to dock on my port. Or not. Another frame I regret not paying more attention to. Completely ignored the silence. One shot I made. This one. Luck!

lowercased: i welcome any ship to dock on my port. or not. another frame i regret not paying more attention to. completely ignored the silence. one shot i made. this one. luck!


text:
Here at King Tut Printing, in Canoga Park, we’ve had folks ask for carbonless forms (also know as NCR’s) in small runs. Or they’ve asked for them numbered and in color. In the past that’s been a problem for us.
Those type of items usually need to be in runs of at least 2000 to be cost effective and for a lot of small business that’s a really big quantity. So, we went out and got a new printer that can do a lot of great things. First,it can run smaller batches of carbonless forms. 2,3 or 4 pages. Numbered or not. It can produce them with color logos if needed. It can also print full 4 color envelopes by the box.
In Canoga Park, Woodland Hills, and Chatsworth, we seem to be the only place to do that at an affordable rate. This new printer is really a game changer for business to business printing. Now your envelopes can tell your story every time you mail out an invoice or statement for pennies a piece. Of course we can still do large runs if you need them, they’ll just look better now! Ask for a quote or swing by KTP here in the west valley with a sample and we’ll make your business look like a million bucks!
Where Do I Find Color Reprographics in Canoga Park… West Valley?
We’ve done standard, black and white reprographics here in Park for years here at King Tut Printing in Canoga Park. We’ve had our clients from all over Woodland Hills and Chatsworth even Calabasas use our industry standard Oche printer / scanner for their builder, architect, designer and contractor needs for 20 years.
But we were recently at a trade show and saw the new HP Full Color WIDE Format printer and knew we had to get one.
This new printer is capable of printing not only full color reprographics for professionals, it can also do full color scans of posters, pictures, plans or anything else up to 36″ wide for anyones project. It can print posters and banners from 36″ wide to 9 feet! If you have a favorite old movie poster that’s seen it’s better days, bring it in for a scan and reprint. If you have a sales project that needs custom printed posters or banners this new HP printer will amaze you.
Professionals that have ongoing needs can e mail their files to us and have them ready for pick up. We can do billing and delivery may be arranged for large volume accounts. From Chatsworth, Canoga Park and Woodland Hills, KTP offers full service wide format printing done quickly, professionally and at competitive prices.
Come in and see how great these prints are!

lowercased:
here at king tut printing, in canoga park, we’ve had folks ask for carbonless forms (also know as ncr’s) in small runs. or they’ve asked for them numbered and in color. in the past that’s been a problem for us.
those type of items usually need to be in runs of at least 2000 to be cost effective and for a lot of small business that’s a really big quantity. so, we went out and got a new printer that can do a lot of great things. first,it can run smaller batches of carbonless forms. 2,3 or 4 pages. numbered or not. it can produce them with color logos if needed. it can also print full 4 color envelopes by the box.
in canoga park, woodland hills, and chatsworth, we seem to be the only place to do that at an affordable rate. this new printer is really a game changer for business to business printing. now your envelopes can tell your story every time you mail out an invoice or statement for pennies a piece. of course we can still do large runs if you need them, they’ll just look better now! ask for a quote or swing by ktp here in the west valley with a sample and we’ll make your business look like a million bucks!
where do i find color reprographics in canoga park… west valley?
we’ve done standard, black and white reprographics here in park for years here at king tut printing in canoga park. we’ve had our clients from all over woodland hills and chatsworth even calabasas use our industry standard oche printer / scanner for their builder, architect, designer and contractor needs for 20 years.
but we were recently at a trade show and saw the new hp full color wide format printer and knew we had to get one.
this new printer is capable of printing not only full color reprographics for professionals, it can also do full color scans of posters, pictures, plans or anything else up to 36″ wide for anyones project. it can print posters and banners from 36″ wide to 9 feet! if you have a favorite old movie poster that’s seen it’s better days, bring it in for a scan and reprint. if you have a sales project that needs custom printed posters or banners this new hp printer will amaze you.
professionals that have ongoing needs can e mail their files to us and have them ready for pick up. we can do billing and delivery may be arranged for large volume accounts. from chatsworth, canoga park and woodland hills, ktp offers full service wide format printing done quickly, professionally and at competitive prices.
come in and see how great these prints are!


text:
I use Screwfix for my DIY needs and also for work. Great pricing and very easy to order online for click and collect. I've only had a few issues with finding items and have had to call the customer services team who were very helpful and friendly.
Click and collect for DIY items. Value for money not bad compared to high street DIY chains, such as B&Q. Ordered online and was ready to collect in a few minutes. Website is OK although it tends to push the bestselling lines even though it might not be what you want.
Used Screwfix not too long ago to buy a tiny little attachment for a radiator. I went with a product name on a bit of paper. The staff were nothing but helpful with me and my lack of radiator knowledge!
Website easy to use then ordered online for click & collect from my nearest store which saved time.
Easy to use online for click & collect or delivery. Just as easy to use in store with great friendly service.
First time using Screwfix & managed to get a bargain too.. using the click & collect service was very fast & sufficient! Very pleased, and staff brought my item out to the car for me as I had my little girl! Great all round!
Purchase was faulty took it back replaced no problem with any quibble.
I use Screwfix on a regular basis. I love the fact you can reserve online, then pop into store and pick up. Items always in stock and am greeted with a friendly smile.
Got a great vacuum for our shop from here. Excellent service had to return to fix wheel and so helpful.

lowercased:
i use screwfix for my diy needs and also for work. great pricing and very easy to order online for click and collect. i've only had a few issues with finding items and have had to call the customer services team who were very helpful and friendly.
click and collect for diy items. value for money not bad compared to high street diy chains, such as b&q. ordered online and was ready to collect in a few minutes. website is ok although it tends to push the bestselling lines even though it might not be what you want.
used screwfix not too long ago to buy a tiny little attachment for a radiator. i went with a product name on a bit of paper. the staff were nothing but helpful with me and my lack of radiator knowledge!
website easy to use then ordered online for click & collect from my nearest store which saved time.
easy to use online for click & collect or delivery. just as easy to use in store with great friendly service.
first time using screwfix & managed to get a bargain too.. using the click & collect service was very fast & sufficient! very pleased, and staff brought my item out to the car for me as i had my little girl! great all round!
purchase was faulty took it back replaced no problem with any quibble.
i use screwfix on a regular basis. i love the fact you can reserve online, then pop into store and pick up. items always in stock and am greeted with a friendly smile.
got a great vacuum for our shop from here. excellent service had to return to fix wheel and so helpful.


text:
Discover recently sold homes and real estate in Kanabec County, MN.
There are 0 Recently Sold properties available in Kanabec county, MN. You may try a new search to find Recently Sold properties.

lowercased:
discover recently sold homes and real estate in kanabec county, mn.
there are 0 recently sold properties available in kanabec county, mn. you may try a new search to find recently sold properties.


text:
We have 3 answers for the clue One with a beat. See the results below.
Found an answer for the clue One with a beat that we don't have? Then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!

lowercased:
we have 3 answers for the clue one with a beat. see the results below.
found an answer for the clue one with a beat that we don't have? then please submit it to us so we can make the clue database even better!


text:
Warner Music Group artists Bruno Mars and the Red Hot Chili Peppers saw their respective albums race to the top of the iTunes charts Monday.
Mars took the No. 1 slot — up from No. 4 on Sunday — with his second album, “Unorthodox Jukebox,” while his first album, “Doo-Wops & Hooligans,” ranked No. 3.
Disney’s album “Frozen” separated the two.
Meanwhile “Red Hot Chili Peppers: Greatest Hits” hit the No. 6 position, jumping 19 slots from Sunday.
Len Blavatnik’s Warner Music Group hasn’t fielded a Super Bowl artist since Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers back in 2008, and the fact that both artists have their recording and publishing catalogs with Warner makes the news all the more profitable.
Meanwhile, Verizon reported that its data connections rose 800 percent versus last year. The astounding increase — no doubt attributable to people sharing photos — came during the halftime show.

lowercased:
warner music group artists bruno mars and the red hot chili peppers saw their respective albums race to the top of the itunes charts monday.
mars took the no. 1 slot — up from no. 4 on sunday — with his second album, “unorthodox jukebox,” while his first album, “doo-wops & hooligans,” ranked no. 3.
disney’s album “frozen” separated the two.
meanwhile “red hot chili peppers: greatest hits” hit the no. 6 position, jumping 19 slots from sunday.
len blavatnik’s warner music group hasn’t fielded a super bowl artist since tom petty and the heartbreakers back in 2008, and the fact that both artists have their recording and publishing catalogs with warner makes the news all the more profitable.
meanwhile, verizon reported that its data connections rose 800 percent versus last year. the astounding increase — no doubt attributable to people sharing photos — came during the halftime show.