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Have you ever thought about the reality behind werewolves, the monstrous shape-shifters? Do you fear going out in the full moon? A majority of people do so and most of us do believe in the existence of werewolves. Perhaps, this is the result of endless sightings of werewolves around the globe and recurring illustrations of the creature in popular fiction. Whatever we know about werewolves is all thanks to myths, movies, and novels. Werewolves love to hunt during a full moon, they are scared of silver, and they can easily mingle with ordinary humans whenever they want. Is it all true? Maybe and maybe not!
What is true is that even the mere thought of meeting a werewolf is terrifying for all. These mythological man-wolf creatures have remained an important part of the cult literature. Throughout the course of world history, we have come across many myths, folktales, and incidents involving werewolves. Many legends across different continents and cultures are associated with werewolves. Almost all legends refer to werewolves as people who transform into powerful wolves and become bloodthirsty beasts. These creatures have a penchant for both humans and animals.
Yet, there is no clear proof about the actuality of werewolves. Hollywood although has romanticized the legend through churning out movies like Twilight. However, don’t forget that reality is always stranger than fiction. So, let’s find out more about werewolves and understand whether these do exist or are merely a myth.
Werewolf, man-wolf, wolf-person, and shape-shifter all refer to the same creature. In Latin, the term used for werewolves is Lycaon, which means “animal of the wolf kind.” A werewolf is a human having the ability to transform itself into a wolf-like creature. It is unclear how this transformation takes place, but according to folklore, it is more a curse than a characteristic. People who get bitten by a werewolf become one too. It is also stated that this transformation may be permanent or temporary.
Many believe that the man-animal creature is a metamorphosed or mutated human. It could be a person’s soul that leaves the body in a trance-like state and goes on a hunting spree, some believe. Many agree that it could be a spirit that shares a deep connection with its owner. This connection is so strong that any injury to the spirit causes the human to get injured too. This is called the repercussion phenomenon. However, there is no consensus among theorists regarding what a werewolf actually is.
As far as physical characteristics of a werewolf are concerned, there is consensus on many traits. According to European folklore, the physical traits of a werewolf remained the same even when it was in human form. These traits included thick eyebrows that met at the bridge of the nose, pointed, low-set ears, curved fingernails, and a wavering gait.
In its animal form, the description of the appearance of the man-wolf varies in every culture. Typically, it is depicted to be different and indistinguishable from common wolves. Such as, a werewolf in its animal form doesn’t have a tail, and it appears larger than normal wolves. Moreover, when in animal form, the werewolf retains its human voice and eyes. Swedish believe that a werewolf walks on three legs and stretches the fourth leg to resemble a tail.
When a werewolf transforms from animal to human form, it usually becomes weak, debilitated, and experience severe nervous depression. In medieval Europe, it was commonly believed that werewolves loved to devour freshly buried corpses. Some also believed that werewolves could easily paralyze cattle, and children with their gaze.
In ancient mythological accounts, werewolves were actually possessed old females or witches having poisonous claws. The method of identifying a werewolf from other humans also varies greatly from culture to culture. A common assumption is that cutting the flesh of a suspected werewolf may help in identifying one. That’s because the fur would then be exposed from the wound. In Russia, it is believed that a werewolf can be detected if it has bristles under the tongue.
Werewolves have remained an integral part of myths and legends of various cultures from ancient times. Any historical account detailing such a creature surfaced firstly in the 5th century. A battle between the Isaurians and the Roman Empire was documented by Procopius of Caesarea. According to the records, the Isaurians were harmless farmers who were called to battle by the Romans. Since they didn’t have the necessary skills or resources to wage a war, so they got slain. The point to be noted in Procopius’s accounts is that the Isaurians were referred to as Lycaones, which is derived from Lycaon. Lycaon means wolf.
However, there is another perspective behind naming Isaurians as Lycaones. Procopius might have used the term for Lycaonians, a community living at the Asian Minor quite close to the Isaurians land. Yet, believers still claim that the Isaurians were werewolves and this is how the legend originated. The concept of a werewolf was then adopted by many cultures and a number of legends originated.
Many scholars also believe that the legend originated in the Epic of Gilgamesh. It is probably the oldest and earliest written prose in the west. The story narrates the story of Gilgamesh who rejected his lover because she converted her previous mate into a wolf.
The legend of werewolves made its debut in Greek mythology as the Legend of Lycaon. King Lycaon was the son of Pelasgus who angered Zeus. Zeus was angry because Pelasgus served a meal made from the remains of a boy who was sacrificed. Zeus punished Lycaon and his sons by turning them into wolves. The term Lycanthrope or Lycanthropy has been derived from the name of the King Lycaon.
When native Indians roamed the Americas, they had believed in shapeshifting creatures. It was their sacred belief that an animal totem or spirit guide was associated with humans. This guide may take physical form at times or may always remain spiritual. Shapeshifting was highly revered by Native Americans.
In ancient Chinese folklore, animals could transform into humans. This belief was further established after three shape-shifting animals were identified in Chinese mountains. The three animals included a Fox spirit called HuXian, Da Yu (which was a bear), and dragons.
Africans also contributed to the legend of werewolves by providing accounts of people who transformed into huge crocodiles. There are stories of witty hyenas roaming around the villages in human and animal form. Not only were-hyenas but Africans had were-cats, which were believed to be witches. It is from the African folklore that black cats got associated with witches. The concept was later passed on to Europe during the Middle Ages. However, were-cat was a less common belief while a majority in Africa believed in the existence of werewolves.
In Nordic folklore, werewolves are mentioned in the Saga of the Volsungs. It is a story about a father and son. They discovered wolf furs, which could turn people into wolves for ten days. Both of them donned the furs to become wolves and went on a killing spree within the forest. Eventually, the father attacked his own son, due to which the son was wounded badly. To save his son, the father asked for help from a kind raven, who gave him a leaf having healing powers to treat the wound.
Renowned folklorist Carol Rose narrated legend of werewolves from ancient Greece era. She wrote a book titled Giants, Monsters, and Dragons, in which she described Greek werewolf legends. She mentioned that in Greece, people believed that a human could become a wolf by eating wolf meat. This wasn’t an ordinary meat but was mixed with a human’s flesh. After consuming this meat, a person could permanently transform into a wolf.
Rose wrote that after a few centuries people devised new theories for converting a human into a wolf. This included being cursed, eating certain herbs, or drinking water touched by a wolf. Additionally, people associated full moon and new moon with werewolves quite commonly. It was also believed that a child conceived under a new moon would be born as a werewolf. Also, Greeks were sure that sleeping under the full moon on a Friday night would turn a human into a wolf.
Scottish and Irish folklore also mentioned shapeshifters, which they term as selkies. Selkies were creatures who lived as seals in cold oceans and could change into humans by shedding their furs. The only twist to the tale is that selkies were supposed to hide their furs. If their furs were found, they couldn’t change back into seals ever. So, they were supposed to live on land with those who possessed their furs.
Hollywood has created its own set of myths and ideas about werewolves. The most commonly used theme is that werewolves are afraid of silver. So, to kill one, all you need is a silver bullet or a silver knife. Hollywood movies also mention an herb namely wolf’s bane. This herb has the power to deter a werewolf from attacking. There is no evidence of these aspects being documented in any of the legends and might be the product of filmmakers’ imagination.
In the Middle Ages of Europe, it was believed that werewolves could only be killed by burning at the stake. This theory is probably inspired from witch burnings, which was a common norm across Europe. Alternately, Europeans also believed that werewolves could be killed by beheading.
Scientists claim that any situation, incident, or phenomenon that humans fail to understand or explain, they make it a legend. The same is the case with the legend of werewolves. Science has provided many explanations about werewolves, which are described below.
Congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa (CHL) is sometimes referred to as the werewolf syndrome. Scientists are of the opinion that those who suffer from hypertrichosis are viewed as werewolves. The reason is that in hypertrichosis, thick hair starts growing all over the body, including the face. Imagine the plight of those who were hunted as werewolves while they were suffering from hypertrichosis.
As we all know that the lanugo, a kind of soft hair, is present on all newborn babies. These hairs usually shed after a few months. However, the lanugo hair doesn’t shed in those suffering from hypertrichosis rather continue to grow. Eventually, it covers the entire body. Other skeletal abnormalities may occur in sufferers of this condition. This condition cannot be treated as yet but sufferers are encouraged to get the hair removed temporarily through electrolysis or laser therapies.
Scientists admit that it isn’t a very common condition. So far, there haven’t been even 100 cases of hypertrichosis in the world. This aspect makes it all the more difficult to study the condition. All that we know is that it is a hereditary disease.
It is a rare medical condition primarily associated with neurological health. In this condition, the patient starts believing that he has the ability to transform into an animal. Patients have this delusion that they can or have at least once transformed into a non-human animal.
Dr. Jan Blom, from the University of Groningen, researched most over this theory. Dr. Blom claims that for about a hundred years clinical lycanthropy was explained in a metaphysical manner. But today, modern science has categorically concluded that it is a brain disease.
Blom stated that in the past decade many brain imaging studies highlighted a certain area of the brain that creates a sense of physical existence. This particular part is affected during lycanthropy. Any changes in this part of the brain can alter a person’s sense of physical identity. This condition is quite similar to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and/or severe depression.
Congenital porphyria is also called the vampire disease. Guy’s Hospital in London’s Dr. Lee Illis wrote a paper titled On Porphyria and the Aetiology of Werewolves in 1963. Dr. Illis argued that the historical accounts describing werewolves are actually about people suffering from congenital porphyria. The condition is the result of a natural buildup of chemicals producing a compound called porphyrin.
This compound is essential for the functioning of hemoglobin. It is called vampire disease because patients start showing symptoms that resemble vampire traits. Their skin becomes sensitive to sunlight, urine turns purple or red, and gums shrink so much that teeth become too prominent. Reddish teeth, photosensitivity, and psychosis are also common symptoms of this disease. These are also commonly known traits of werewolves.
Scientists claim that the human body isn’t designed to facilitate inter-species shifts/transformations. If we do believe that a human can be transformed into a werewolf, then this would mean the bones would be broken. Moreover, tendons and muscles would have to snap. The transformation process will shake the entire body system. This would create nothing else but a mess of bones and muscles. Human DNA would unravel like a sweater having a loose string which a child is stretching. Therefore, to physically transform into such a large species as a wolf is quite impossible.
El Chupacabra is a werewolf-like creature that exists in the southern United States region. It is believed to be a bloodthirsty monster having coyote like features. Almost every southern state has had its fair share of incidents where this creature has attacked animals. In fact, the sightings of chupacabra have extended from Mexico and Puerto Rico to as far as Russia over the years.
Farmers claim to have found remains of chupacabra but those turned out to be carcasses of foxes and coyotes suffering from mange. The creature is supposed to be a coyote and its huge size is a result of mange infection. Mange is a skin infection in which all the hair of the animal’s body shed. Farmers state that chupacabra attacks after midnight and like to hunt for livestock. All of its victims died due to excessive blood loss. This proves that chupacabra is a blood-sucking animal.
Rabies is a disease caused by a virus. It attacks mainly the central nervous system due to which the moods and behavior of the patient change drastically. Patients of rabies become demented and violent, pretty much like werewolves and vampires. The disease may also cause insomnia, which explains why werewolves are termed to be nocturnal legends. Muscular spasms are also observed in rabies patients. This may force them to spit blood. Interestingly, these spasms are triggered by mirrors, strong odor such as that of garlic, bright lights, and water, etc.
In fact, Dr. Gomez-Alonso states that rabies inspired the legend of the vampire. Dr. Gomez-Alonso published his theory in 1998 in Neurology medical journal. While Ian Woodward wrote in his research The Werewolf Delusion (1979) that the werewolf myth is inspired by rabies. That’s because rabies is transmitted via biting. People with rabies become so agitated that they may behave like animals.
The two Frenchmen were considered werewolves back in the 1520s. However, both turned out to be serial killers. It was reported that the two criminals swore allegiance with the devil. They claimed to have possession of an ointment that could transform them into wolves. Burgot and Verdun brutally murdered many children. At the time people believed that werewolves could only be killed by burning at stake. Hence, the duo was burned to death in the same manner.
In 1692, a case was brought to the court of Jurgenburg, Livonia, located at the eastern side of the Baltic Sea. The accused was an 80-year old man named Thiess. The case was that Thiess claimed to be a werewolf. He said that he became a werewolf after a person or a witch named Skeistan strike him and broke his nose. He also claimed that several witches were preventing crops from growing in his area. So, he decided to fight them as a werewolf. He had support from a pack of werewolves. Residents of his area deemed him to be in alliance with the devil, but Thiess rejected these claims. A priest was sent to chastise him but he refused. Out of desperation, the judges ordered Thiess to be given ten lashes for having superstitious beliefs.
Jean Grenier is another Frenchman nicknamed as the werewolf of Dole. In the 16th century, Grenier also claimed to possess an ointment that could transform him into a wolf. It is reported that Grenier used to kill children and then ate them. He met the same fate as the other two Frenchmen, as he was burned to death at the stake too. It is believed that all the three werewolves in France were under the influence of a hallucinogenic substance, or were mentally ill. Since Europeans in the 15th and 16th centuries were quite superstitious, therefore, they considered them mythical beasts.
Perhaps the most well-documented and famous of all real-life werewolves are sighted in the state of Wisconsin. Specifically, a southern town called Elkhorn is believed to be the breeding ground of werewolves. There have been around a dozen different incidents involving werewolves. Eyewitnesses claim to have seen a 5 to 8 feet tall creature that looks like a wolf. One of the witnesses stated that the creature was pulling out a dead deer from his vehicle. Many of the witnesses gave interviews to Fox News, which are still available online. So, if you want to learn more about the werewolves of Wisconsin, then search for them.
The legend of Michigan Dogman is quite similar to Wisconsin’s werewolf. The stories of the dogman started appearing from the 1930s. A person named Robert Fortney was fishing somewhere on the banks of a river located in Michigan when he saw a pack of wild dogs emerge from the woods. The pack was heading towards him. Luckily he was carrying a gun, which he used to fire a shot to disperse the dogs. All the dogs ran away but one stayed and looked at him directly while standing on two hind legs. Fortney swears by seeing the dog smile at him and showing similarities with humans. While giving an interview in 1987, Fortney claimed that the dog had green eyes, which was a rarity. This is a very popular story and even a song titled “The Legend” is written for this incident.
In the 15th century, a wealthy farmer named Peter Stubbe from Bedburg, Germany became famous as a werewolf. He is believed to be the most notorious of all real-life werewolves. Legend has it that Stubbe transformed into a wolf-like creature at night and hunted for innocent citizens. Eventually, Stubbe was captured and accused of killing many citizens gruesomely. Eyewitnesses who helped in his capturing verified that they saw him shifting shape from wolf to human. He was executed after he confessed to killing animals, and humans including children and eating their flesh. Stubbe claimed that he had a magical belt that empowered him to transform into a wolf whenever he wished to. That particular belt was never located.
Many novels have been written on the theme of werewolves but by far the most popular one remains Bram Stoker’s Dracula. Written in 1897, Dracula features a short story titled Dracula’s Guest. In this story, a group of soldiers comes to help the protagonist who is hunting for a great wolf. The wolf can only be killed by a sacred bullet. Count Dracula also claims in the novel that it was his Szekely racial bloodline from where the legend of werewolves originated. Count Dracula had the ability to shapeshift into a wolf too but only during the night. The concept of a full moon was explored in the movie Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man (1943). It was from then on that the full moon became so closely linked with werewolves in popular culture.
The 1935 movie Werewolf of London is the first feature film made on werewolves as the central theme. A London-based scientist is shown to be a werewolf in reality but the movie doesn’t show him as a cannibal. Another movie was made in 1941 titled The Wolf Man. Lon Chaney, Jr. played the protagonist Lawrence Talbot in the movie. Jack Nicholson donned the avatar of a werewolf in his 1994 flick Wolf. Later on, werewolves were depicted by Hollywood as heroic supernatural creatures. Movies like the Twilight Saga series, the Underworld series, Blood Lad, Dance in the Vampire Bund, and many others were made. One of the most famous novels to have been adapted into a movie is The Howling by Gary Brandner.
It can be assumed that werewolves are nothing else but a myth. Scientific explanations are quite substantial in proving that it is quite impossible for a human to shape-shift so easily. We can say that werewolves should be taken as mythical creatures that make an amazing theme for horror stories. It cannot be overlooked that werewolves have a cult following and many incidents report about the sighting of a wolf-like man. But, it could be a person suffering from the werewolf syndrome. Those having this condition can exhibit wolf-like habits, including howling at the moon. So, go watch your favorite werewolf movie without worrying about the actuality of the creature. Werewolves are better left in folklore and enjoyed as legends.

lowercased:
have you ever thought about the reality behind werewolves, the monstrous shape-shifters? do you fear going out in the full moon? a majority of people do so and most of us do believe in the existence of werewolves. perhaps, this is the result of endless sightings of werewolves around the globe and recurring illustrations of the creature in popular fiction. whatever we know about werewolves is all thanks to myths, movies, and novels. werewolves love to hunt during a full moon, they are scared of silver, and they can easily mingle with ordinary humans whenever they want. is it all true? maybe and maybe not!
what is true is that even the mere thought of meeting a werewolf is terrifying for all. these mythological man-wolf creatures have remained an important part of the cult literature. throughout the course of world history, we have come across many myths, folktales, and incidents involving werewolves. many legends across different continents and cultures are associated with werewolves. almost all legends refer to werewolves as people who transform into powerful wolves and become bloodthirsty beasts. these creatures have a penchant for both humans and animals.
yet, there is no clear proof about the actuality of werewolves. hollywood although has romanticized the legend through churning out movies like twilight. however, don’t forget that reality is always stranger than fiction. so, let’s find out more about werewolves and understand whether these do exist or are merely a myth.
werewolf, man-wolf, wolf-person, and shape-shifter all refer to the same creature. in latin, the term used for werewolves is lycaon, which means “animal of the wolf kind.” a werewolf is a human having the ability to transform itself into a wolf-like creature. it is unclear how this transformation takes place, but according to folklore, it is more a curse than a characteristic. people who get bitten by a werewolf become one too. it is also stated that this transformation may be permanent or temporary.
many believe that the man-animal creature is a metamorphosed or mutated human. it could be a person’s soul that leaves the body in a trance-like state and goes on a hunting spree, some believe. many agree that it could be a spirit that shares a deep connection with its owner. this connection is so strong that any injury to the spirit causes the human to get injured too. this is called the repercussion phenomenon. however, there is no consensus among theorists regarding what a werewolf actually is.
as far as physical characteristics of a werewolf are concerned, there is consensus on many traits. according to european folklore, the physical traits of a werewolf remained the same even when it was in human form. these traits included thick eyebrows that met at the bridge of the nose, pointed, low-set ears, curved fingernails, and a wavering gait.
in its animal form, the description of the appearance of the man-wolf varies in every culture. typically, it is depicted to be different and indistinguishable from common wolves. such as, a werewolf in its animal form doesn’t have a tail, and it appears larger than normal wolves. moreover, when in animal form, the werewolf retains its human voice and eyes. swedish believe that a werewolf walks on three legs and stretches the fourth leg to resemble a tail.
when a werewolf transforms from animal to human form, it usually becomes weak, debilitated, and experience severe nervous depression. in medieval europe, it was commonly believed that werewolves loved to devour freshly buried corpses. some also believed that werewolves could easily paralyze cattle, and children with their gaze.
in ancient mythological accounts, werewolves were actually possessed old females or witches having poisonous claws. the method of identifying a werewolf from other humans also varies greatly from culture to culture. a common assumption is that cutting the flesh of a suspected werewolf may help in identifying one. that’s because the fur would then be exposed from the wound. in russia, it is believed that a werewolf can be detected if it has bristles under the tongue.
werewolves have remained an integral part of myths and legends of various cultures from ancient times. any historical account detailing such a creature surfaced firstly in the 5th century. a battle between the isaurians and the roman empire was documented by procopius of caesarea. according to the records, the isaurians were harmless farmers who were called to battle by the romans. since they didn’t have the necessary skills or resources to wage a war, so they got slain. the point to be noted in procopius’s accounts is that the isaurians were referred to as lycaones, which is derived from lycaon. lycaon means wolf.
however, there is another perspective behind naming isaurians as lycaones. procopius might have used the term for lycaonians, a community living at the asian minor quite close to the isaurians land. yet, believers still claim that the isaurians were werewolves and this is how the legend originated. the concept of a werewolf was then adopted by many cultures and a number of legends originated.
many scholars also believe that the legend originated in the epic of gilgamesh. it is probably the oldest and earliest written prose in the west. the story narrates the story of gilgamesh who rejected his lover because she converted her previous mate into a wolf.
the legend of werewolves made its debut in greek mythology as the legend of lycaon. king lycaon was the son of pelasgus who angered zeus. zeus was angry because pelasgus served a meal made from the remains of a boy who was sacrificed. zeus punished lycaon and his sons by turning them into wolves. the term lycanthrope or lycanthropy has been derived from the name of the king lycaon.
when native indians roamed the americas, they had believed in shapeshifting creatures. it was their sacred belief that an animal totem or spirit guide was associated with humans. this guide may take physical form at times or may always remain spiritual. shapeshifting was highly revered by native americans.
in ancient chinese folklore, animals could transform into humans. this belief was further established after three shape-shifting animals were identified in chinese mountains. the three animals included a fox spirit called huxian, da yu (which was a bear), and dragons.
africans also contributed to the legend of werewolves by providing accounts of people who transformed into huge crocodiles. there are stories of witty hyenas roaming around the villages in human and animal form. not only were-hyenas but africans had were-cats, which were believed to be witches. it is from the african folklore that black cats got associated with witches. the concept was later passed on to europe during the middle ages. however, were-cat was a less common belief while a majority in africa believed in the existence of werewolves.
in nordic folklore, werewolves are mentioned in the saga of the volsungs. it is a story about a father and son. they discovered wolf furs, which could turn people into wolves for ten days. both of them donned the furs to become wolves and went on a killing spree within the forest. eventually, the father attacked his own son, due to which the son was wounded badly. to save his son, the father asked for help from a kind raven, who gave him a leaf having healing powers to treat the wound.
renowned folklorist carol rose narrated legend of werewolves from ancient greece era. she wrote a book titled giants, monsters, and dragons, in which she described greek werewolf legends. she mentioned that in greece, people believed that a human could become a wolf by eating wolf meat. this wasn’t an ordinary meat but was mixed with a human’s flesh. after consuming this meat, a person could permanently transform into a wolf.
rose wrote that after a few centuries people devised new theories for converting a human into a wolf. this included being cursed, eating certain herbs, or drinking water touched by a wolf. additionally, people associated full moon and new moon with werewolves quite commonly. it was also believed that a child conceived under a new moon would be born as a werewolf. also, greeks were sure that sleeping under the full moon on a friday night would turn a human into a wolf.
scottish and irish folklore also mentioned shapeshifters, which they term as selkies. selkies were creatures who lived as seals in cold oceans and could change into humans by shedding their furs. the only twist to the tale is that selkies were supposed to hide their furs. if their furs were found, they couldn’t change back into seals ever. so, they were supposed to live on land with those who possessed their furs.
hollywood has created its own set of myths and ideas about werewolves. the most commonly used theme is that werewolves are afraid of silver. so, to kill one, all you need is a silver bullet or a silver knife. hollywood movies also mention an herb namely wolf’s bane. this herb has the power to deter a werewolf from attacking. there is no evidence of these aspects being documented in any of the legends and might be the product of filmmakers’ imagination.
in the middle ages of europe, it was believed that werewolves could only be killed by burning at the stake. this theory is probably inspired from witch burnings, which was a common norm across europe. alternately, europeans also believed that werewolves could be killed by beheading.
scientists claim that any situation, incident, or phenomenon that humans fail to understand or explain, they make it a legend. the same is the case with the legend of werewolves. science has provided many explanations about werewolves, which are described below.
congenital hypertrichosis lanuginosa (chl) is sometimes referred to as the werewolf syndrome. scientists are of the opinion that those who suffer from hypertrichosis are viewed as werewolves. the reason is that in hypertrichosis, thick hair starts growing all over the body, including the face. imagine the plight of those who were hunted as werewolves while they were suffering from hypertrichosis.
as we all know that the lanugo, a kind of soft hair, is present on all newborn babies. these hairs usually shed after a few months. however, the lanugo hair doesn’t shed in those suffering from hypertrichosis rather continue to grow. eventually, it covers the entire body. other skeletal abnormalities may occur in sufferers of this condition. this condition cannot be treated as yet but sufferers are encouraged to get the hair removed temporarily through electrolysis or laser therapies.
scientists admit that it isn’t a very common condition. so far, there haven’t been even 100 cases of hypertrichosis in the world. this aspect makes it all the more difficult to study the condition. all that we know is that it is a hereditary disease.
it is a rare medical condition primarily associated with neurological health. in this condition, the patient starts believing that he has the ability to transform into an animal. patients have this delusion that they can or have at least once transformed into a non-human animal.
dr. jan blom, from the university of groningen, researched most over this theory. dr. blom claims that for about a hundred years clinical lycanthropy was explained in a metaphysical manner. but today, modern science has categorically concluded that it is a brain disease.
blom stated that in the past decade many brain imaging studies highlighted a certain area of the brain that creates a sense of physical existence. this particular part is affected during lycanthropy. any changes in this part of the brain can alter a person’s sense of physical identity. this condition is quite similar to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and/or severe depression.
congenital porphyria is also called the vampire disease. guy’s hospital in london’s dr. lee illis wrote a paper titled on porphyria and the aetiology of werewolves in 1963. dr. illis argued that the historical accounts describing werewolves are actually about people suffering from congenital porphyria. the condition is the result of a natural buildup of chemicals producing a compound called porphyrin.
this compound is essential for the functioning of hemoglobin. it is called vampire disease because patients start showing symptoms that resemble vampire traits. their skin becomes sensitive to sunlight, urine turns purple or red, and gums shrink so much that teeth become too prominent. reddish teeth, photosensitivity, and psychosis are also common symptoms of this disease. these are also commonly known traits of werewolves.
scientists claim that the human body isn’t designed to facilitate inter-species shifts/transformations. if we do believe that a human can be transformed into a werewolf, then this would mean the bones would be broken. moreover, tendons and muscles would have to snap. the transformation process will shake the entire body system. this would create nothing else but a mess of bones and muscles. human dna would unravel like a sweater having a loose string which a child is stretching. therefore, to physically transform into such a large species as a wolf is quite impossible.
el chupacabra is a werewolf-like creature that exists in the southern united states region. it is believed to be a bloodthirsty monster having coyote like features. almost every southern state has had its fair share of incidents where this creature has attacked animals. in fact, the sightings of chupacabra have extended from mexico and puerto rico to as far as russia over the years.
farmers claim to have found remains of chupacabra but those turned out to be carcasses of foxes and coyotes suffering from mange. the creature is supposed to be a coyote and its huge size is a result of mange infection. mange is a skin infection in which all the hair of the animal’s body shed. farmers state that chupacabra attacks after midnight and like to hunt for livestock. all of its victims died due to excessive blood loss. this proves that chupacabra is a blood-sucking animal.
rabies is a disease caused by a virus. it attacks mainly the central nervous system due to which the moods and behavior of the patient change drastically. patients of rabies become demented and violent, pretty much like werewolves and vampires. the disease may also cause insomnia, which explains why werewolves are termed to be nocturnal legends. muscular spasms are also observed in rabies patients. this may force them to spit blood. interestingly, these spasms are triggered by mirrors, strong odor such as that of garlic, bright lights, and water, etc.
in fact, dr. gomez-alonso states that rabies inspired the legend of the vampire. dr. gomez-alonso published his theory in 1998 in neurology medical journal. while ian woodward wrote in his research the werewolf delusion (1979) that the werewolf myth is inspired by rabies. that’s because rabies is transmitted via biting. people with rabies become so agitated that they may behave like animals.
the two frenchmen were considered werewolves back in the 1520s. however, both turned out to be serial killers. it was reported that the two criminals swore allegiance with the devil. they claimed to have possession of an ointment that could transform them into wolves. burgot and verdun brutally murdered many children. at the time people believed that werewolves could only be killed by burning at stake. hence, the duo was burned to death in the same manner.
in 1692, a case was brought to the court of jurgenburg, livonia, located at the eastern side of the baltic sea. the accused was an 80-year old man named thiess. the case was that thiess claimed to be a werewolf. he said that he became a werewolf after a person or a witch named skeistan strike him and broke his nose. he also claimed that several witches were preventing crops from growing in his area. so, he decided to fight them as a werewolf. he had support from a pack of werewolves. residents of his area deemed him to be in alliance with the devil, but thiess rejected these claims. a priest was sent to chastise him but he refused. out of desperation, the judges ordered thiess to be given ten lashes for having superstitious beliefs.
jean grenier is another frenchman nicknamed as the werewolf of dole. in the 16th century, grenier also claimed to possess an ointment that could transform him into a wolf. it is reported that grenier used to kill children and then ate them. he met the same fate as the other two frenchmen, as he was burned to death at the stake too. it is believed that all the three werewolves in france were under the influence of a hallucinogenic substance, or were mentally ill. since europeans in the 15th and 16th centuries were quite superstitious, therefore, they considered them mythical beasts.
perhaps the most well-documented and famous of all real-life werewolves are sighted in the state of wisconsin. specifically, a southern town called elkhorn is believed to be the breeding ground of werewolves. there have been around a dozen different incidents involving werewolves. eyewitnesses claim to have seen a 5 to 8 feet tall creature that looks like a wolf. one of the witnesses stated that the creature was pulling out a dead deer from his vehicle. many of the witnesses gave interviews to fox news, which are still available online. so, if you want to learn more about the werewolves of wisconsin, then search for them.
the legend of michigan dogman is quite similar to wisconsin’s werewolf. the stories of the dogman started appearing from the 1930s. a person named robert fortney was fishing somewhere on the banks of a river located in michigan when he saw a pack of wild dogs emerge from the woods. the pack was heading towards him. luckily he was carrying a gun, which he used to fire a shot to disperse the dogs. all the dogs ran away but one stayed and looked at him directly while standing on two hind legs. fortney swears by seeing the dog smile at him and showing similarities with humans. while giving an interview in 1987, fortney claimed that the dog had green eyes, which was a rarity. this is a very popular story and even a song titled “the legend” is written for this incident.
in the 15th century, a wealthy farmer named peter stubbe from bedburg, germany became famous as a werewolf. he is believed to be the most notorious of all real-life werewolves. legend has it that stubbe transformed into a wolf-like creature at night and hunted for innocent citizens. eventually, stubbe was captured and accused of killing many citizens gruesomely. eyewitnesses who helped in his capturing verified that they saw him shifting shape from wolf to human. he was executed after he confessed to killing animals, and humans including children and eating their flesh. stubbe claimed that he had a magical belt that empowered him to transform into a wolf whenever he wished to. that particular belt was never located.
many novels have been written on the theme of werewolves but by far the most popular one remains bram stoker’s dracula. written in 1897, dracula features a short story titled dracula’s guest. in this story, a group of soldiers comes to help the protagonist who is hunting for a great wolf. the wolf can only be killed by a sacred bullet. count dracula also claims in the novel that it was his szekely racial bloodline from where the legend of werewolves originated. count dracula had the ability to shapeshift into a wolf too but only during the night. the concept of a full moon was explored in the movie frankenstein meets the wolf man (1943). it was from then on that the full moon became so closely linked with werewolves in popular culture.
the 1935 movie werewolf of london is the first feature film made on werewolves as the central theme. a london-based scientist is shown to be a werewolf in reality but the movie doesn’t show him as a cannibal. another movie was made in 1941 titled the wolf man. lon chaney, jr. played the protagonist lawrence talbot in the movie. jack nicholson donned the avatar of a werewolf in his 1994 flick wolf. later on, werewolves were depicted by hollywood as heroic supernatural creatures. movies like the twilight saga series, the underworld series, blood lad, dance in the vampire bund, and many others were made. one of the most famous novels to have been adapted into a movie is the howling by gary brandner.
it can be assumed that werewolves are nothing else but a myth. scientific explanations are quite substantial in proving that it is quite impossible for a human to shape-shift so easily. we can say that werewolves should be taken as mythical creatures that make an amazing theme for horror stories. it cannot be overlooked that werewolves have a cult following and many incidents report about the sighting of a wolf-like man. but, it could be a person suffering from the werewolf syndrome. those having this condition can exhibit wolf-like habits, including howling at the moon. so, go watch your favorite werewolf movie without worrying about the actuality of the creature. werewolves are better left in folklore and enjoyed as legends.


text:
Armcon have a massive stock holding of every spare part you will require for your mixer along with consumable items from the smallest nut, bolt and washer up to complete mixer assemblies. We guarantee genuine parts all available from stock – same day/next day – keeping your business running.
We’re different in that we don’t run our own fleet of concrete mixers, therefore when you need support, a spare part or a consumable item that’s our first priority – not maintaining our own fleet!
All parts and service are guaranteed.

lowercased:
armcon have a massive stock holding of every spare part you will require for your mixer along with consumable items from the smallest nut, bolt and washer up to complete mixer assemblies. we guarantee genuine parts all available from stock – same day/next day – keeping your business running.
we’re different in that we don’t run our own fleet of concrete mixers, therefore when you need support, a spare part or a consumable item that’s our first priority – not maintaining our own fleet!
all parts and service are guaranteed.


text:
There are so many versions of this glider throughout the world. Most sailplane manufacturers made a version of it at some point.
Here we have a superb 1/4 scale example of the machine which is the epitome of pre-WW2 vintage open cockpit gliders.
Cliff Charlesworth has captured this aircraft with a radio-controlled model glider that reproduces the looks and performance of the original sailplane. A really good project for all you scale boys (and girls) that like their scale soaring.
133.5″ (3390mm) wingspan. Two sheet plan.
The Schneider Grunau Baby was a single-seat sailplane first built in Germany in 1931, with some 6,000 examples constructed in some 20 countries. It was relatively easy to build from plans, it flew well, and the aircraft was strong enough to handle mild aerobatics and the occasional hard landing. When the Baby first appeared, it was accepted wisdom that the pilot should feel as much unimpeded airflow as possible, to better sense rising and falling currents of air and temperature changes etc.
It was designed by Edmund Schneider with the assistance of Wolf Hirth and Hugo Kromer as a smaller version of Schneider’s ESG 31 of the previous year, incorporating an elliptical wing design based on work done by Akaflieg Darmstadt. It was named after Grunau, the town where Schneider’s factory was located, now Jeżów Sudecki in Poland. The first 14 inner ribs were of the Göttingen 535 shape with the outer ribs gradually changing up to the last 22nd rib, having a bi-convex and symmetrical shape with a slight reduction in the angle of incidence. The tips and leading edges of the wings up to the main spar were covered with plywood. The tail unit was built of plywood. The intention was to create an aircraft suitable both for training and for cross-country soaring. Typical for its day, it was a high-wing braced monoplane with a fuselage of hexagonal cross-section and an open cockpit. The Baby was an instant success, and was enthusiastically promoted by gliding champion Wolf Hirth. An extensive redesign was undertaken in 1932 following the fatal crash of an unrelated Schneider design, which resulted in the Baby II. This version and the definitive Baby IIb that followed were adopted as standard sailplane trainers for the German Air Sports Association (later the National Socialist Flyers Corps).
During 1941, 30 GB gliders were built by Laminação Nacional de Metais, later Companhia Aeronáutica Paulista in Brazil, under the name “Alcatraz”. Following World War II, series production restarted in Germany in 1956. The Baby was also built in France (as the Nord 1300) and the United Kingdom (as the Elliotts Baby EoN and the Slingsby T5 – Slingsby also used it as the basis for a number of their own designs). Edmund Schneider emigrated to Australia, where he developed the Baby design into his Baby 3 and Baby 4, which had enclosed cockpits.

lowercased:
there are so many versions of this glider throughout the world. most sailplane manufacturers made a version of it at some point.
here we have a superb 1/4 scale example of the machine which is the epitome of pre-ww2 vintage open cockpit gliders.
cliff charlesworth has captured this aircraft with a radio-controlled model glider that reproduces the looks and performance of the original sailplane. a really good project for all you scale boys (and girls) that like their scale soaring.
133.5″ (3390mm) wingspan. two sheet plan.
the schneider grunau baby was a single-seat sailplane first built in germany in 1931, with some 6,000 examples constructed in some 20 countries. it was relatively easy to build from plans, it flew well, and the aircraft was strong enough to handle mild aerobatics and the occasional hard landing. when the baby first appeared, it was accepted wisdom that the pilot should feel as much unimpeded airflow as possible, to better sense rising and falling currents of air and temperature changes etc.
it was designed by edmund schneider with the assistance of wolf hirth and hugo kromer as a smaller version of schneider’s esg 31 of the previous year, incorporating an elliptical wing design based on work done by akaflieg darmstadt. it was named after grunau, the town where schneider’s factory was located, now jeżów sudecki in poland. the first 14 inner ribs were of the göttingen 535 shape with the outer ribs gradually changing up to the last 22nd rib, having a bi-convex and symmetrical shape with a slight reduction in the angle of incidence. the tips and leading edges of the wings up to the main spar were covered with plywood. the tail unit was built of plywood. the intention was to create an aircraft suitable both for training and for cross-country soaring. typical for its day, it was a high-wing braced monoplane with a fuselage of hexagonal cross-section and an open cockpit. the baby was an instant success, and was enthusiastically promoted by gliding champion wolf hirth. an extensive redesign was undertaken in 1932 following the fatal crash of an unrelated schneider design, which resulted in the baby ii. this version and the definitive baby iib that followed were adopted as standard sailplane trainers for the german air sports association (later the national socialist flyers corps).
during 1941, 30 gb gliders were built by laminação nacional de metais, later companhia aeronáutica paulista in brazil, under the name “alcatraz”. following world war ii, series production restarted in germany in 1956. the baby was also built in france (as the nord 1300) and the united kingdom (as the elliotts baby eon and the slingsby t5 – slingsby also used it as the basis for a number of their own designs). edmund schneider emigrated to australia, where he developed the baby design into his baby 3 and baby 4, which had enclosed cockpits.


text:
How Can Coconut Oil Help You?
There are so many products out there that deem to be beneficial for your health, but how do you really know which ones are and which ones only claim to be? As a lover of all things coconut, I've got some valuable information on the benefits of coconut oil to share with you today. A Natural Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease Ketones are made by the digestion of MCFAs by the … [Read more...] about How Can Coconut Oil Help You?
What Features Should You Look For In A Coffee Machine?

lowercased:
how can coconut oil help you?
there are so many products out there that deem to be beneficial for your health, but how do you really know which ones are and which ones only claim to be? as a lover of all things coconut, i've got some valuable information on the benefits of coconut oil to share with you today. a natural treatment for alzheimer's disease ketones are made by the digestion of mcfas by the … [read more...] about how can coconut oil help you?
what features should you look for in a coffee machine?


text: This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed conference proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Trusted Systems, INTRUST 2013, held in Graz, Austria, in December 2013. The revised full papers focus on the theory, technologies and applications of trusted systems. They cover all aspects of trusted computing systems, including trusted modules, platforms, networks, services and applications, from their fundamental features and functionalities to design principles, architecture and implementation technologies.

lowercased: this book constitutes the thoroughly refereed conference proceedings of the 5th international conference on trusted systems, intrust 2013, held in graz, austria, in december 2013. the revised full papers focus on the theory, technologies and applications of trusted systems. they cover all aspects of trusted computing systems, including trusted modules, platforms, networks, services and applications, from their fundamental features and functionalities to design principles, architecture and implementation technologies.


text:
CAHF has recently piloted a Transactions Support Centre (TSC) in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, to facilitate formal residential property market transactions in the affordable housing market.
The TSC coordinates and offers the range of critical services that enable households to transact formally in the residential resale market. In doing this, the Centre focuses on making the current regulatory and administrative framework for property transactions work efficiently, in terms of both time and cost for the buyers and sellers of residential property in Khayelitsha. The Centre also offers a local focal point through which existing service providers can offer their services, including various non-profit or community-based organisations that offer services that support housing and housing finance market activities.
This document outlines the services that the TSC offers to home buyers and sellers.

lowercased:
cahf has recently piloted a transactions support centre (tsc) in khayelitsha, cape town, to facilitate formal residential property market transactions in the affordable housing market.
the tsc coordinates and offers the range of critical services that enable households to transact formally in the residential resale market. in doing this, the centre focuses on making the current regulatory and administrative framework for property transactions work efficiently, in terms of both time and cost for the buyers and sellers of residential property in khayelitsha. the centre also offers a local focal point through which existing service providers can offer their services, including various non-profit or community-based organisations that offer services that support housing and housing finance market activities.
this document outlines the services that the tsc offers to home buyers and sellers.


design ideas for small half bathrooms find this pin and more on the house by best images fire places wood.
design ideas for small master bedrooms creative director of the gather collective designs interiors and interior designers share their homes styling secrets 0 gal port.
design ideas for small living rooms the atrium house by construction architecture this family home in enjoys a palette of wood steel and.
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home design ideas 2018 alt text renovated townhouse real homes.
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above ground oval swimming pool deck designs decks around pools plans for the size cover.
farnsworth house modern architecture influential the exterior.
kitchen design ideas for small spaces y metros con patio para 8 personas.
design ideas 2018 synthesizes house jungle by on beautiful modern homes my dream.


text:
Microsoft Optical Mouse (Blue) USB Linux Driver?
Thread: Microsoft Optical Mouse (Blue) USB Linux Driver?
Well heres my problem. A pet peeve to be honest. When I go into Linux (doesnt matter which distro) I dont have the ability to use the wheel on my house. I tend to use that quite a bit in Windows. After asking the instructor in my Linux class, he said he thought that could be fixed with a linux driver for the mouse. Is there one available? I did a search on google and didnt find much of anything relating to what I need. I also did a search here and didnt find anything.
So, has anybody fixed their mouse so they have the ability to use that center wheel to scroll things such as the web browser and any other browser window?
I have a microsoft wireless/optical mouse under MDK10 and the wheelis working properly, what I did was to add the module "mousedev" in /etc/modprobe.preload, in gentoo you need to insert the modules in /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.4.
Ok, I dont think I explained that well enough. Using the wheel as a wheel, works fine. I can scroll browsers. What I want to do is use the wheel as a button. In Windows, when I click the middle wheel, I can then scroll the page much faster by just moving the mouse up and down. Ive gotten used to that, but I cant use it in Linux. Is it possible?
to do that you will have to enable "autoscrollling" in your browser. here I use Firefox and it works properly.

lowercased:
microsoft optical mouse (blue) usb linux driver?
thread: microsoft optical mouse (blue) usb linux driver?
well heres my problem. a pet peeve to be honest. when i go into linux (doesnt matter which distro) i dont have the ability to use the wheel on my house. i tend to use that quite a bit in windows. after asking the instructor in my linux class, he said he thought that could be fixed with a linux driver for the mouse. is there one available? i did a search on google and didnt find much of anything relating to what i need. i also did a search here and didnt find anything.
so, has anybody fixed their mouse so they have the ability to use that center wheel to scroll things such as the web browser and any other browser window?
i have a microsoft wireless/optical mouse under mdk10 and the wheelis working properly, what i did was to add the module "mousedev" in /etc/modprobe.preload, in gentoo you need to insert the modules in /etc/modules.autoload.d/kernel-2.4.
ok, i dont think i explained that well enough. using the wheel as a wheel, works fine. i can scroll browsers. what i want to do is use the wheel as a button. in windows, when i click the middle wheel, i can then scroll the page much faster by just moving the mouse up and down. ive gotten used to that, but i cant use it in linux. is it possible?
to do that you will have to enable "autoscrollling" in your browser. here i use firefox and it works properly.


text:
At long last, Lucy Parker’s cover for her third London Celebrity book has been revealed. And it is stunning.
And I’ve also had the great good fortune to read it already (shh. Don’t kill me). She’s flipped her usual script here: instead of giving us a grumpy hero, she’s given us a grumpy heroine (hence her inclusion into the list of prickly heroines). And Trix’s prickliness is earned. The reason for the enmity between Leo and Trix is revealed so skillfully. Oh, just pre order MAKING UP already. Please.
And if you haven’t read the other two books in the series (ACT LIKE IT and PRETTY FACE), what are you waiting for? (Oh, and by the way, I’m jealous of you that you get to read them for the first time).
MAKING UP’s cover can be seen at HEA USA.

lowercased:
at long last, lucy parker’s cover for her third london celebrity book has been revealed. and it is stunning.
and i’ve also had the great good fortune to read it already (shh. don’t kill me). she’s flipped her usual script here: instead of giving us a grumpy hero, she’s given us a grumpy heroine (hence her inclusion into the list of prickly heroines). and trix’s prickliness is earned. the reason for the enmity between leo and trix is revealed so skillfully. oh, just pre order making up already. please.
and if you haven’t read the other two books in the series (act like it and pretty face), what are you waiting for? (oh, and by the way, i’m jealous of you that you get to read them for the first time).
making up’s cover can be seen at hea usa.


text:
Over the past 15 years, successive governments have sought to make Thailand's business climate more agreeable to foreign investors.
Although reforms have not fully overhauled Thailand's protectionist approach to domestic industry, it is still easier to conduct business in Thailand than most of south-east Asia. The country once known as Siam is structurally, technologically and administratively ahead of many of its neighbours.
Thailand, which has a population of 64.1 million, has recovered well since its nadir - the south-east Asian financial crisis of 1997. Growth is averaging around 6% at present, a healthy growth rate aided by the dramatic economic growth of its neighbour China.
Once an agricultural economy, Thailand industrialised rapidly during the 1980s, during which time the emphasis was placed on labour-intensive industries such as textiles. Since the 1990s, however, growth has centred on high technology areas like computer equipment and automotive components. Other major industries include hospitality, food and beverages, jewellery and furniture.
Tourism is a significant component of GDP - about 5%. One of the most popular destinations in the region, Thailand attracts not just backpackers, but increasingly package-holiday tourists as well.
Agriculture, though diminished as a proportion of economic output, is still central to the economy.
Winning favour, recognition or contracts in Thailand is often contingent on the payment of bribes. And despite a high-profile campaign by former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra to rid the country of corruption, government officials seem to be among the worst offenders - companies with links to government officials tend to have an edge in winning public works contracts, for instance.
Historically, Thailand has been politically unstable. Between 1947 and 1992 the military intermittently ran the country, a time punctuated by coups and periods of martial law.
After an uncharacteristically lengthy period of stability the military mounted a bloodless coup in 2006. After fresh elections the following year a new party with links to Shinawatra was voted into office.
Separatist Islamic violence flares up in the south of the country periodically, and fundamentalist factions have even scared retailers into closing on Fridays, the Muslim holy day. Aside from this stark exception, however, Thailand is a relatively safe place to do business.
The country's economic hub, Bangkok, is blighted by more prosaic problems: congestion and poor air quality. The addition of overhead and underground rail systems has eased the problem slightly, but Bangkok remains a difficult place to drive around.
On a national level Thailand is served well by its road network and has 33 civilian airports. Goods are often moved by train, and Thailand's rail network has a commendable punctuality record. International trains run to Malaysia and Singapore.
The rapid growth of the Thai economy - the most rapidly expanding in the world between 1984 and 1994 - placed demands on the country's infrastructure that the government failed to adequately address. Projects have often been characterised by indecision and cost overruns.
Thailand's telecommunications infrastructure still does not befit a country at its level of development, despite recent improvements. The sector is being gradually deregulated, and private companies are being allowed more participation.
Like most of Asia, Thailand poses less of a red tape burden than European countries. This was the view of respondents to a Grant Thornton survey of international business, in which Thailand came near the foot of the table of obstructive bureaucracy.
Instead, the lack of a skilled workforce was cited as the main restraint on business growth. Problem-solving is an undeveloped skill in Thai business culture, partly because the education is systemically flawed, insofar that it is almost exclusively conducted through rote learning.
This is a particular problem given that you can legally only hire one foreigner for every four Thais and 2m baht of capital. So you might end up with a larger staff than you really needed just to get that extra German engineer in.
UK visitors can remain in the country for 30 days before a visa becomes a necessity. Business owners can secure a work permit or one-year, renewable non-immigrant B visa - a popular option. Processing the paperwork to obtain a permit and visa for 'farang' employees, as foreigners are called, can be impenetrable - so get yourself a good accountant.
Generally, foreigners enjoy the same legal rights as Thai nationals, but there are restrictions - for example, on owning land. Regulations vary between regions, and tend to be more relaxed if the land is in a remote location.
The Board of Investment tends to grant greater subsidies and other incentives to business that locates itself in provincial areas. It also gives preference to agriculture, projects related to technological and human resource development, projects that develop public utilities and basic infrastructure, conserve natural resources and mitigate environmental problems, and certain other industries.
There is a 50% cap on foreign ownership in certain industries. In the media, farming, forestry and the trade of land, participation is wholly prohibited. A full list of the restricted industries and details of how to apply for exemptions can be found can be found at the Board of Investment website.
It is common for foreign investors to form joint ventures with trusted local business people, sometimes through necessity, and sometimes because of the local knowledge which they provide. Sleeping Thai partners can be arranged, but as well as being illegal, this leaves you open to being ripped off.
Local knowledge is of course vital, but beware cultural and linguistic barriers. For example, Thai, being a tonal language, is a formidable language to learn for westerners.
Having said all that, Thais are more used to dealing with westerners and adept at speaking English than any other country in the region, bar Singapore.
Western business is falling over itself to get involved with Chinese and Indian business. Yet these countries are still relatively inexperienced in supplying western vendors, while many Thai businesses have as much as 30 years' experience of this - so they are well schooled in the quality and punctuality standards required by western business.
Wages in Thailand are similar to those in India and China, although they are higher at the low end. In international terms, labour is cheap. In the construction industry, for example, the average monthly wage is around 4,700 baht (£66).
Even at the higher end of the scale wages are low - in financial intermediation, for instance, the average monthly wage is about 19,300 baht (£272).
Office space, electric rates and petrol - around 30 baht per litre - are very cheap.
The headline corporate tax rate in Thailand is relatively high, at 30%. But small and medium businesses with less than 5m baht paid-up capital pay a 15% rate on their first 1m baht of net taxable profits, and 25% on the next 2m baht.
Asset managements companies, venture capital companies, and companies promoted by the Board of Investment are also entitled to exemptions.
The character of many Thais reflects the philosophy of the country's majority religion, Buddhism. Friendly, humble and rarely angry (at least outwardly), they use the expression mai-pen-rai - meaning 'never mind' - in a variety of contexts.
This laid-back approach to life extend means punctuality is not assigned the importance that it is in Western culture. And it is not unusual for this disregard for punctuality to extend to the payment of fees.
Swathes of bureaucracy can delay payment of invoices interminably, so it is probably advisable to ask for a letter of credit if you ask for a transfer of money overseas.
Expressing anger in public is not seemly in Thailand; it is perfectly possible for a Thai to be angry with you and maintain a smiling exterior.
Thais are reserved, not particularly tactile people. They do not greet each other with kisses or hugs. Instead, the standard greeting is a 'wai' - click here to find out how to do it.
Thais enjoy a plethora of public holidays - 15 in all - and most offices will be closed on these days. The first half of April is the busiest time for holidays, as it covers Chari Day, which falls on 6 April, and the Thai New year - Songkram - runs from 13 to 15 April.
Many city-dwelling Thais disperse to the provinces during this time so Bangkok is very quiet - meaning it can be hard to get hold of contacts and partners during this period.

lowercased:
over the past 15 years, successive governments have sought to make thailand's business climate more agreeable to foreign investors.
although reforms have not fully overhauled thailand's protectionist approach to domestic industry, it is still easier to conduct business in thailand than most of south-east asia. the country once known as siam is structurally, technologically and administratively ahead of many of its neighbours.
thailand, which has a population of 64.1 million, has recovered well since its nadir - the south-east asian financial crisis of 1997. growth is averaging around 6% at present, a healthy growth rate aided by the dramatic economic growth of its neighbour china.
once an agricultural economy, thailand industrialised rapidly during the 1980s, during which time the emphasis was placed on labour-intensive industries such as textiles. since the 1990s, however, growth has centred on high technology areas like computer equipment and automotive components. other major industries include hospitality, food and beverages, jewellery and furniture.
tourism is a significant component of gdp - about 5%. one of the most popular destinations in the region, thailand attracts not just backpackers, but increasingly package-holiday tourists as well.
agriculture, though diminished as a proportion of economic output, is still central to the economy.
winning favour, recognition or contracts in thailand is often contingent on the payment of bribes. and despite a high-profile campaign by former prime minister thaksin shinawatra to rid the country of corruption, government officials seem to be among the worst offenders - companies with links to government officials tend to have an edge in winning public works contracts, for instance.
historically, thailand has been politically unstable. between 1947 and 1992 the military intermittently ran the country, a time punctuated by coups and periods of martial law.
after an uncharacteristically lengthy period of stability the military mounted a bloodless coup in 2006. after fresh elections the following year a new party with links to shinawatra was voted into office.
separatist islamic violence flares up in the south of the country periodically, and fundamentalist factions have even scared retailers into closing on fridays, the muslim holy day. aside from this stark exception, however, thailand is a relatively safe place to do business.
the country's economic hub, bangkok, is blighted by more prosaic problems: congestion and poor air quality. the addition of overhead and underground rail systems has eased the problem slightly, but bangkok remains a difficult place to drive around.
on a national level thailand is served well by its road network and has 33 civilian airports. goods are often moved by train, and thailand's rail network has a commendable punctuality record. international trains run to malaysia and singapore.
the rapid growth of the thai economy - the most rapidly expanding in the world between 1984 and 1994 - placed demands on the country's infrastructure that the government failed to adequately address. projects have often been characterised by indecision and cost overruns.
thailand's telecommunications infrastructure still does not befit a country at its level of development, despite recent improvements. the sector is being gradually deregulated, and private companies are being allowed more participation.
like most of asia, thailand poses less of a red tape burden than european countries. this was the view of respondents to a grant thornton survey of international business, in which thailand came near the foot of the table of obstructive bureaucracy.
instead, the lack of a skilled workforce was cited as the main restraint on business growth. problem-solving is an undeveloped skill in thai business culture, partly because the education is systemically flawed, insofar that it is almost exclusively conducted through rote learning.
this is a particular problem given that you can legally only hire one foreigner for every four thais and 2m baht of capital. so you might end up with a larger staff than you really needed just to get that extra german engineer in.
uk visitors can remain in the country for 30 days before a visa becomes a necessity. business owners can secure a work permit or one-year, renewable non-immigrant b visa - a popular option. processing the paperwork to obtain a permit and visa for 'farang' employees, as foreigners are called, can be impenetrable - so get yourself a good accountant.
generally, foreigners enjoy the same legal rights as thai nationals, but there are restrictions - for example, on owning land. regulations vary between regions, and tend to be more relaxed if the land is in a remote location.
the board of investment tends to grant greater subsidies and other incentives to business that locates itself in provincial areas. it also gives preference to agriculture, projects related to technological and human resource development, projects that develop public utilities and basic infrastructure, conserve natural resources and mitigate environmental problems, and certain other industries.
there is a 50% cap on foreign ownership in certain industries. in the media, farming, forestry and the trade of land, participation is wholly prohibited. a full list of the restricted industries and details of how to apply for exemptions can be found can be found at the board of investment website.
it is common for foreign investors to form joint ventures with trusted local business people, sometimes through necessity, and sometimes because of the local knowledge which they provide. sleeping thai partners can be arranged, but as well as being illegal, this leaves you open to being ripped off.
local knowledge is of course vital, but beware cultural and linguistic barriers. for example, thai, being a tonal language, is a formidable language to learn for westerners.
having said all that, thais are more used to dealing with westerners and adept at speaking english than any other country in the region, bar singapore.
western business is falling over itself to get involved with chinese and indian business. yet these countries are still relatively inexperienced in supplying western vendors, while many thai businesses have as much as 30 years' experience of this - so they are well schooled in the quality and punctuality standards required by western business.
wages in thailand are similar to those in india and china, although they are higher at the low end. in international terms, labour is cheap. in the construction industry, for example, the average monthly wage is around 4,700 baht (£66).
even at the higher end of the scale wages are low - in financial intermediation, for instance, the average monthly wage is about 19,300 baht (£272).
office space, electric rates and petrol - around 30 baht per litre - are very cheap.
the headline corporate tax rate in thailand is relatively high, at 30%. but small and medium businesses with less than 5m baht paid-up capital pay a 15% rate on their first 1m baht of net taxable profits, and 25% on the next 2m baht.
asset managements companies, venture capital companies, and companies promoted by the board of investment are also entitled to exemptions.
the character of many thais reflects the philosophy of the country's majority religion, buddhism. friendly, humble and rarely angry (at least outwardly), they use the expression mai-pen-rai - meaning 'never mind' - in a variety of contexts.
this laid-back approach to life extend means punctuality is not assigned the importance that it is in western culture. and it is not unusual for this disregard for punctuality to extend to the payment of fees.
swathes of bureaucracy can delay payment of invoices interminably, so it is probably advisable to ask for a letter of credit if you ask for a transfer of money overseas.
expressing anger in public is not seemly in thailand; it is perfectly possible for a thai to be angry with you and maintain a smiling exterior.
thais are reserved, not particularly tactile people. they do not greet each other with kisses or hugs. instead, the standard greeting is a 'wai' - click here to find out how to do it.
thais enjoy a plethora of public holidays - 15 in all - and most offices will be closed on these days. the first half of april is the busiest time for holidays, as it covers chari day, which falls on 6 april, and the thai new year - songkram - runs from 13 to 15 april.
many city-dwelling thais disperse to the provinces during this time so bangkok is very quiet - meaning it can be hard to get hold of contacts and partners during this period.


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Just winging it through the last month of school?
The middle of the week calls for a little wine pick-me-up!
OOTea at Olive or Twist!
Margaritas of the Strawberry Banana variety are here!
This perfectly fruity pairing is available through 4/20!
$11 buckets of Yuengling during March Madness games!
Next up on our collection of SPRING COCKTAILS: The Righteous Tyrant.
Deal so good we gotta be foolz!
Just in time for the Pirates home opener!
Its beer and a Bràulio night!
Current draft list! Something for every taste!
Today is our first Wine Down Wednesday!
Select bottles of wine are 50% off ALL DAY this & every Wednesday!
45 cent wings from 7-10pm plus $2 Bud Light / Seasonal drafts all day!
It's Wednesday, and that means $1 oysters and shrimp!
Available in the bar & lounge area during happy hour!
Keep celebrating St Patrick’s Day with $3 Jameson’s today!
We take our happy hour game serious around here so you don’t have to!
$5 nachos all night as well for Trivia Night with Trivia Jockeys .

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just winging it through the last month of school?
the middle of the week calls for a little wine pick-me-up!
ootea at olive or twist!
margaritas of the strawberry banana variety are here!
this perfectly fruity pairing is available through 4/20!
$11 buckets of yuengling during march madness games!
next up on our collection of spring cocktails: the righteous tyrant.
deal so good we gotta be foolz!
just in time for the pirates home opener!
its beer and a bràulio night!
current draft list! something for every taste!
today is our first wine down wednesday!
select bottles of wine are 50% off all day this & every wednesday!
45 cent wings from 7-10pm plus $2 bud light / seasonal drafts all day!
it's wednesday, and that means $1 oysters and shrimp!
available in the bar & lounge area during happy hour!
keep celebrating st patrick’s day with $3 jameson’s today!
we take our happy hour game serious around here so you don’t have to!
$5 nachos all night as well for trivia night with trivia jockeys .


text:
A new picture of Jumpei Yasuda has surfaced, nearly a year after the Japanese journalist entered Syria and went missing a month after, in July.
The 42-year-old Yasuda is believed to be held by a militant al-Qaeda branch, called the Nusra Front, that is fighting the government.
The group released the picture to multiple news outlets on Sunday, showing Yasuda with a longer beard and hair than in previous media releases.
According to the Japan Times, the card Yasuda holds up in the picture reads in Japanese: "Please help. This is the last chance. Jumpei Yasuda."
The group has reached out to global news outlets via a mediator, who said it has repeatedly demanded ransom from the Japanese government for Yasuda, and that it has threatened to hand him over to Islamic State fighters if the Japanese government doesn't negotiate with them.
The Asahi Shimbunquoted Chief Cabinet Secretary, Yoshihide Suga, who said on Monday: "Securing the safety of Japanese nationals is the most important responsibility of the government.
"We are making every effort to deal with the situation by continuing to utilize our various intelligence networks."
The release of the photo follows a video of Yasuda that was posted on Facebook in March. In the video, Yasuda grimly addresses his friends and family, and apologises for not being able to speak to them.
A still from the video of Yasuda from March.
It remains unclear if Yasuda voluntarily entered Syria last year, but he had stated in 2004 after he was held hostage in Iraq while reporting there, that he believed it was his "mission" to report from war zones.
Last year on Jun. 23, before Yasuda went to Syria, a picture of him was emailed to Kyodo News with the message "I will smuggle myself into Syria from now."
The Jun. 23 photo of Yasuda.

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a new picture of jumpei yasuda has surfaced, nearly a year after the japanese journalist entered syria and went missing a month after, in july.
the 42-year-old yasuda is believed to be held by a militant al-qaeda branch, called the nusra front, that is fighting the government.
the group released the picture to multiple news outlets on sunday, showing yasuda with a longer beard and hair than in previous media releases.
according to the japan times, the card yasuda holds up in the picture reads in japanese: "please help. this is the last chance. jumpei yasuda."
the group has reached out to global news outlets via a mediator, who said it has repeatedly demanded ransom from the japanese government for yasuda, and that it has threatened to hand him over to islamic state fighters if the japanese government doesn't negotiate with them.
the asahi shimbunquoted chief cabinet secretary, yoshihide suga, who said on monday: "securing the safety of japanese nationals is the most important responsibility of the government.
"we are making every effort to deal with the situation by continuing to utilize our various intelligence networks."
the release of the photo follows a video of yasuda that was posted on facebook in march. in the video, yasuda grimly addresses his friends and family, and apologises for not being able to speak to them.
a still from the video of yasuda from march.
it remains unclear if yasuda voluntarily entered syria last year, but he had stated in 2004 after he was held hostage in iraq while reporting there, that he believed it was his "mission" to report from war zones.
last year on jun. 23, before yasuda went to syria, a picture of him was emailed to kyodo news with the message "i will smuggle myself into syria from now."
the jun. 23 photo of yasuda.


text:
The angle a torsion spring’s legs simulate when it is in its free position. This angle is determined by the total amount of coils this spring has since the legs start at the point where the coil ends. Also known as its unloaded position.
Determining the free position of a torsion spring based on its total coils is not an easy task. Here we will show you just how to do so. If you have a spring with 4.25 coils, for example, the free position would be of 90º (degrees). The reason for this is because when a spring has an solid number of coils such as 2, 3, 4, etc., the tips of the wire where the coil ended meet at the top of the spring. This causes your spring to have a 0º (degree) angle because the legs make a straight line.
If you want your torsion spring’s legs to be at an angle during its free state (without any load being applied to it), you will have to either add or subtract the fraction of a coil. Take a look at the following examples and formulas to learn more about how you calculate the torsional spring dimension of your torsion spring’s free position.
You have a spring with 4.25 coils. Since you have a “fraction” of a coil at the end of your torsion spring, you will calculate it as such and convert it into degrees by multiplying the partial last coil by 360º. This means you will multiply 0.250 by 360º as shown in the formula and diagram provided.
Your mechanism needs your torsional spring to have a free position of 180º but how many coils does your spring need to have in order to achieve this free position? This time you will calculate backwards. Divide your free position of 180º by the 360º and you will get the fractional or partial coil you will need to add to your spring in order to achieve this free position.
The direction of wind of your torsional spring also has a lot to do with your spring’s free position and it will make a difference when being installed. When designing your torsion spring, you must take into consideration which leg will be stationary and which direction you expect the other leg to rotate or deflect. The legs will only be able to travel inward as shown in the deflection diagram provided below. To determine the direction of wind on a torsion spring, you must place it in a way to where you’re looking down the center of the inner diameter and the back leg must be horizontally on top. If the back leg is pointing to the left, it is a left hand torsion spring, if it is facing to the right, it is a right hand torsion spring. No matter which position your spring is in, the direction of wind will remain the same. Take a look at the images provided below to see some examples about how the free position affects your spring design and how to determine the direction of wind.

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the angle a torsion spring’s legs simulate when it is in its free position. this angle is determined by the total amount of coils this spring has since the legs start at the point where the coil ends. also known as its unloaded position.
determining the free position of a torsion spring based on its total coils is not an easy task. here we will show you just how to do so. if you have a spring with 4.25 coils, for example, the free position would be of 90º (degrees). the reason for this is because when a spring has an solid number of coils such as 2, 3, 4, etc., the tips of the wire where the coil ended meet at the top of the spring. this causes your spring to have a 0º (degree) angle because the legs make a straight line.
if you want your torsion spring’s legs to be at an angle during its free state (without any load being applied to it), you will have to either add or subtract the fraction of a coil. take a look at the following examples and formulas to learn more about how you calculate the torsional spring dimension of your torsion spring’s free position.
you have a spring with 4.25 coils. since you have a “fraction” of a coil at the end of your torsion spring, you will calculate it as such and convert it into degrees by multiplying the partial last coil by 360º. this means you will multiply 0.250 by 360º as shown in the formula and diagram provided.
your mechanism needs your torsional spring to have a free position of 180º but how many coils does your spring need to have in order to achieve this free position? this time you will calculate backwards. divide your free position of 180º by the 360º and you will get the fractional or partial coil you will need to add to your spring in order to achieve this free position.
the direction of wind of your torsional spring also has a lot to do with your spring’s free position and it will make a difference when being installed. when designing your torsion spring, you must take into consideration which leg will be stationary and which direction you expect the other leg to rotate or deflect. the legs will only be able to travel inward as shown in the deflection diagram provided below. to determine the direction of wind on a torsion spring, you must place it in a way to where you’re looking down the center of the inner diameter and the back leg must be horizontally on top. if the back leg is pointing to the left, it is a left hand torsion spring, if it is facing to the right, it is a right hand torsion spring. no matter which position your spring is in, the direction of wind will remain the same. take a look at the images provided below to see some examples about how the free position affects your spring design and how to determine the direction of wind.


text:
1 Planning – the first stage of property management kalamazoo.
2 Organization – the second stage of property management kalamazoo.
3 Motivation – the third stage of the property management kalamazoo.
4 Control – the fourth stage of property management kalamazoo.
Management, like the property management kalamazoo, always includes several stages. To get the result, you need to go through these stages.
Planning – the first stage of property management kalamazoo.
Organization – the second stage of property management kalamazoo.
Motivation – the third stage of the property management kalamazoo.
Control – the fourth stage of property management kalamazoo.
Know that management is a whole science. You have received basic knowledge of property management kalamazoo. Now, if you do not feel yourself strong, you just need to turn to professionals.

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1 planning – the first stage of property management kalamazoo.
2 organization – the second stage of property management kalamazoo.
3 motivation – the third stage of the property management kalamazoo.
4 control – the fourth stage of property management kalamazoo.
management, like the property management kalamazoo, always includes several stages. to get the result, you need to go through these stages.
planning – the first stage of property management kalamazoo.
organization – the second stage of property management kalamazoo.
motivation – the third stage of the property management kalamazoo.
control – the fourth stage of property management kalamazoo.
know that management is a whole science. you have received basic knowledge of property management kalamazoo. now, if you do not feel yourself strong, you just need to turn to professionals.


text:
Comments: This 2019 Honda Accord Sedan Sport 1.5T CVT is offered to you for sale by Honda of Westport.
Beautiful color combination with Bl exterior over BK interior making this the one to own! Look no further, you have found exactly what you've been looking for.

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comments: this 2019 honda accord sedan sport 1.5t cvt is offered to you for sale by honda of westport.
beautiful color combination with bl exterior over bk interior making this the one to own! look no further, you have found exactly what you've been looking for.


text:
On Tuesday, September 5 pictures of Captain Marvel were finally released. This picture is courtesy from Entertainment Weekly. This blog will talk about Bron Char. Check out my earlier blogs about Carol Danvers 1st Look at Captain Marvel Captain Mar-vell Captain Mar-vell in Captain Marvel Korath Korath in Captain Marvel, RonanRonan the Accuser in Captain Marvel , Att-Lass Att-Lass of Starforce in Captain MarvelMinn-ErvaMinn-Erva in Captain Marvel , Talos Talos in Captain Marvel, Maria “Photon” Maria “Photon” in Captain Marvel and Nick Fury Nick Fury in Captain Marvel.
Starforce first appeared in Avengers 346 (April 1992) published by Marvel Comics created by Bob Harr. Starforce is a team of Kree. The initial team consisted of Captain Atlas, Doctor Minerva, Ronan the Accuser, Supremor, Ultimus, Korath the Pursuer and Shatterax. In the movie, in the picture above, we have Captain Marvel, Dr. Minerva, Korath the Pursuer, Att-Lass and Bronchar.
The picture above is Bron Char. He is played by Rune Temte. He is famous for his roles in Last Kingdom and Eddie the Eagle.
We have another still picture of Bron Char.
Bron Char first appeared in Captain America vol 3 #8 (August 1998) published by Marvel Comics.
Current copies of Avengers 346 on ebay are selling around $8-$12 plus shipping and Captain America vol 3 #8 are selling around $5 to $10 plus shipping. Sell if you have them because I don’t think this team or character will last more than one movie but I could be wrong.

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on tuesday, september 5 pictures of captain marvel were finally released. this picture is courtesy from entertainment weekly. this blog will talk about bron char. check out my earlier blogs about carol danvers 1st look at captain marvel captain mar-vell captain mar-vell in captain marvel korath korath in captain marvel, ronanronan the accuser in captain marvel , att-lass att-lass of starforce in captain marvelminn-ervaminn-erva in captain marvel , talos talos in captain marvel, maria “photon” maria “photon” in captain marvel and nick fury nick fury in captain marvel.
starforce first appeared in avengers 346 (april 1992) published by marvel comics created by bob harr. starforce is a team of kree. the initial team consisted of captain atlas, doctor minerva, ronan the accuser, supremor, ultimus, korath the pursuer and shatterax. in the movie, in the picture above, we have captain marvel, dr. minerva, korath the pursuer, att-lass and bronchar.
the picture above is bron char. he is played by rune temte. he is famous for his roles in last kingdom and eddie the eagle.
we have another still picture of bron char.
bron char first appeared in captain america vol 3 #8 (august 1998) published by marvel comics.
current copies of avengers 346 on ebay are selling around $8-$12 plus shipping and captain america vol 3 #8 are selling around $5 to $10 plus shipping. sell if you have them because i don’t think this team or character will last more than one movie but i could be wrong.


text:
The workshop will take place at CIRM, near Marseille, from monday 17 may (9:00 am) to friday 21 may (4:00 pm). It is possible to arrive on sunday 16 may and to depart on saturday 22 may (see details on the CIRM web site).
How to come to CIRM? See this page.

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the workshop will take place at cirm, near marseille, from monday 17 may (9:00 am) to friday 21 may (4:00 pm). it is possible to arrive on sunday 16 may and to depart on saturday 22 may (see details on the cirm web site).
how to come to cirm? see this page.


text:
Hemp fabric has come a very long way in the past century and is currently equally as soft and even stronger than cotton.http://minhaead.com.br/an-honest-perspective-on-cbd-gummies-40/ Additionally, it is easy to use. For you to relish the entire advantage of cbd oil, you’ve got to be sure that it arrives to you while it’s in its very best state.
CBD oil is becoming popular from the healthcare marijuana business as it can be of use in the treating various ailments. In summary it isn’t just a drug though it comes in a plant that is classified as being a medication. CBD could be your main topics continuing controversy since it has derived from the very same plant family in as marijuana.
Acne is an essential skin condition for each individual. All Healing Harbors products, which aren’t accepted by the Food and Drug Administration, are supposed to serve as an all-natural way to soothe inflammation bodily pain, and sometimes even anxiety from the folks together. Stress Natural Treatments naturally, an more healthy diet, together using some medication and counselling may assist a deal .
When it regards goods you need to browse the item label before getting it to check if there. In reality, CBD petroleum is sourced from plants which have minor if some THC content material inside them. It’s very similar to other products as it’s effective at being watered down.
CBD oil is legal provided that since it is. It can not have THC, which is the part of cannabis that makes you feel anxious or high once it is used by you. CBD crude oil is winterized and we are all set to carry out the.
Being an problem of fact, reports have revealed that the nearby organization or residential qualities might aggravate of THC. CBD business is just one of many very most industries to get a all-natural therapy that is medical. You have the capability since you collaborate to regulate the CBD.

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hemp fabric has come a very long way in the past century and is currently equally as soft and even stronger than cotton.http://minhaead.com.br/an-honest-perspective-on-cbd-gummies-40/ additionally, it is easy to use. for you to relish the entire advantage of cbd oil, you’ve got to be sure that it arrives to you while it’s in its very best state.
cbd oil is becoming popular from the healthcare marijuana business as it can be of use in the treating various ailments. in summary it isn’t just a drug though it comes in a plant that is classified as being a medication. cbd could be your main topics continuing controversy since it has derived from the very same plant family in as marijuana.
acne is an essential skin condition for each individual. all healing harbors products, which aren’t accepted by the food and drug administration, are supposed to serve as an all-natural way to soothe inflammation bodily pain, and sometimes even anxiety from the folks together. stress natural treatments naturally, an more healthy diet, together using some medication and counselling may assist a deal .
when it regards goods you need to browse the item label before getting it to check if there. in reality, cbd petroleum is sourced from plants which have minor if some thc content material inside them. it’s very similar to other products as it’s effective at being watered down.
cbd oil is legal provided that since it is. it can not have thc, which is the part of cannabis that makes you feel anxious or high once it is used by you. cbd crude oil is winterized and we are all set to carry out the.
being an problem of fact, reports have revealed that the nearby organization or residential qualities might aggravate of thc. cbd business is just one of many very most industries to get a all-natural therapy that is medical. you have the capability since you collaborate to regulate the cbd.


text:
Why is the namenode in my HDP sandbox 2.6.5 named sandbox-hdp.hortonworks.com?
Using docker, I've succesfully installed HDP sandbox on my cloud-base CentOS 7 instance. Most services starts up and I see a lot of green in Ambari. Now, i am curious about why the deployed sandbox named my namenode: sandbox-hdp.hortonworks.com?
Is it expected that a user should tinker with the hosts file to translate that give name to the IP address of the node?
That is strange since most of us do not own the hortonworks.com domain. Is this a business-as-usual way? is there a way to change the name of a namenode?
Hortonworks Sandbox is a learning single host cluster setup for testing and learning purpose. Thats the reason a hostname was chosen that way.
Sandbox is a dockerized container. So is there any specific reason you would like to change/customize the Hostname ?
You can do that but we wanted to know what is the requirement ?
Followed by the instructions mentioned for formatZK and HDFS.

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why is the namenode in my hdp sandbox 2.6.5 named sandbox-hdp.hortonworks.com?
using docker, i've succesfully installed hdp sandbox on my cloud-base centos 7 instance. most services starts up and i see a lot of green in ambari. now, i am curious about why the deployed sandbox named my namenode: sandbox-hdp.hortonworks.com?
is it expected that a user should tinker with the hosts file to translate that give name to the ip address of the node?
that is strange since most of us do not own the hortonworks.com domain. is this a business-as-usual way? is there a way to change the name of a namenode?
hortonworks sandbox is a learning single host cluster setup for testing and learning purpose. thats the reason a hostname was chosen that way.
sandbox is a dockerized container. so is there any specific reason you would like to change/customize the hostname ?
you can do that but we wanted to know what is the requirement ?
followed by the instructions mentioned for formatzk and hdfs.


text: Description Report (dated ca. 1992) on St. Michael's Roman Catholic Church, Pittsburgh. 16 pages.

lowercased: description report (dated ca. 1992) on st. michael's roman catholic church, pittsburgh. 16 pages.