37356
document
Influence of phase-related variability in premenstrual symptomatology , mood , smoking withdrawal , and smoking behavior during ad libitum smoking , on smoking cessation outcome . Emerging evidence suggests that women have a more difficult time quitting smoking than men-possibly due , in part , to sex hormones . The present study characterized mood , premenstrual symptomatology , and smoking withdrawal , as well as smoking behavior , in the follicular and luteal phases during ad libitum smoking in 25 women intending to quit . We also investigated the possible influence of phase-related variability in these measures on likelihood of study adherence and smoking cessation . We found that premenstrual symptomatology , as well as some measures of mood and smoking withdrawal , were significantly higher during the luteal phase than in the follicular phase . Cigarettes/day did not vary by menstrual cycle phase . Phase-related variability in premenstrual symptomatology [ F ( 3 , 20 ) =2.82 , p=0.0650 ) ] and urge to smoke [ F ( 2 , 21 ) =4.85 , p=0.0186 ) ] were associated with relapse . These data support the inference that sex hormones influence smoking cessation outcome . This knowledge may contribute to the development of more rational and effective smoking cessation interventions for women .
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Intervention_Educational
ad libitum smoking
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Outcome_Physical
premenstrual symptomatology
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Outcome_Mental
mood
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Outcome_Physical
smoking withdrawal
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Outcome_Mental
smoking behavior during ad libitum smoking
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Outcome_Physical
smoking cessation outcome
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Outcome_Physical
quitting smoking
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Outcome_Physical
mood
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Outcome_Physical
premenstrual symptomatology
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Outcome_Physical
smoking withdrawal
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Outcome_Physical
smoking behavior
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Outcome_Mental
likelihood of study adherence and smoking cessation
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Outcome_Mental
premenstrual symptomatology
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Outcome_Physical
measures of mood
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Outcome_Physical
smoking withdrawal
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Outcome_Physical
Cigarettes/day
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Outcome_Physical
Phase-related variability
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Outcome_Physical
urge to smoke
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Outcome_Physical
smoking cessation outcome .
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Participant_Condition
premenstrual
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Participant_Sample-size
25
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Participant_Sex
women