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document
Low-dose intravenous midazolam reduces etomidate-induced myoclonus : a prospective , randomized study in patients undergoing elective cardioversion . BACKGROUND Myoclonic movements are a common problem in unpremedicated patients during induction of anesthesia with etomidate . METHODS In a double-blind fashion , 40 patients ( ASA physical status III-IV ) scheduled for elective cardioversion were randomly assigned to receive either 0.015 mg/kg midazolam or placebo 90 s before the injection of 0.3 mg/kg etomidate . Myoclonic movements and sedation were recorded on a scale between 0 and 3 . Pulse oximetry , noninvasive arterial blood pressure , and heart rate were recorded during the study period . RESULTS Two patients ( 10 % ) in the midazolam group had myoclonic movements after the administration of etomidate , whereas 10 of the 20 patients ( 50 % ) receiving placebo experienced such movements ( P = 0.006 ) . No other differences were found between the groups ; in particular , there was no difference in recovery 5 min after the administration of etomidate . CONCLUSIONS IV midazolam 0.015 mg/kg administered 90 s before induction of anesthesia with etomidate is effective in reducing myoclonic movements and does not prolong recovery in unpremedicated patients after short procedures .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Intervention_Control
placebo
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Intervention_Pharmacological
etomidate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Intervention_Pharmacological
etomidate
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Intervention_Control
placebo
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Outcome_Physical
Myoclonic movements and sedation
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Outcome_Physical
Pulse oximetry , noninvasive arterial blood pressure , and heart rate
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Outcome_Physical
myoclonic movements
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Participant_Condition
patients undergoing elective cardioversion .