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document
Dopamine transporter gene moderates response to behavioral parent training in children with ADHD : a pilot study . There is great variability in the degree to which children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) improve through behavioral treatments . This study investigates the influence of the dopamine transporter gene ( SCL6A3/DAT1 ) on outcome of behavioral parent training ( BPT ) . Study subjects were a subsample ( n = 50 , for whom DAT1 genotypes were available ) of a randomized controlled BPT effectiveness study ( N = 94 ) comparing BPT plus ongoing routine clinical care ( RCC ) versus RCC alone in referred children ( 4-12 years old ) with ADHD . Treatment outcome was based on parent-reported ADHD symptoms and behavioral problems . Presence of 2 versus no or 1 DAT1 10-repeat allele served as moderator variable . Time × Treatment × Genotype effect was analyzed with repeated-measures analysis of variance , controlling for baseline medication status . Results indicate that DAT1 moderated treatment response ( p = .009 ) . In children with no or 1 DAT1 10-repeat allele , superior treatment effects of BPT + RCC compared with RCC alone were present ( p = .005 ) , which was not the case in children with 2 DAT1 10-repeat alleles ( p = .57 ) . Our findings suggest that genetic differences in DAT1 in children with ADHD influence their susceptibility to a behavioral intervention directed at shaping their environment through their parents . The role of the dopamine system in motivation and learning and in the aberrant sensitivity to reinforcement in children with ADHD may explain this moderating effect , given that the management of contingencies is typically addressed in BPT .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Dopamine transporter gene
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Intervention_Pharmacological
dopamine transporter gene ( SCL6A3/DAT1 )
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Intervention_Educational
behavioral parent training ( BPT ) .
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Intervention_Educational
BPT plus ongoing routine clinical care ( RCC )
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Intervention_Educational
RCC alone
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Condition
ADHD
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Condition
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD )
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Participant_Sample-size
50
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Participant_Sample-size
94
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Participant_Condition
ADHD