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document
CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cell depletion by low-dose cyclophosphamide prevents recurrence in patients with large condylomata acuminata after laser therapy . Condylomata acuminata ( CA ) caused by human papillomavirus ( HPV ) is a common sexually transmitted disease with half a million new cases diagnosed in the United States per year and the annual increase in incidence in China . Recurrence is a major challenge for CA treatment . Recently , we demonstrated that FOXP3 ( + ) regulatory T ( Treg ) cells mediate the immunosuppression in large genital warts . Here , we further report that low-dose cyclophosphamide ( CY ) , a conventional chemotherapy drug , can effectively prevent the recurrence of large CA in clinical patients after laser therapy . Surprisingly , although 9 out of 52 patients recur six weeks after the combination treatment , the re-administration of low-dose CY alone completely eliminates most recurred lesions . We provide evidence that low-dose CY not only depletes patients ' Treg cells and enhances function of HPV-specific T cells and NK cells in the periphery , but also ameliorates the immune milieu of the lesion site , leading to the elimination of remnant viruses . These findings have important clinical significance , and potentially lead to a therapeutic breakthrough for the treatment of CA .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
cyclophosphamide
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Intervention_Physical
laser therapy
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Intervention_Pharmacological
low-dose cyclophosphamide ( CY )
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Intervention_Physical
laser therapy .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
CY
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Intervention_Pharmacological
CY
45095
Outcome_Physical
recurrence
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Outcome_Physical
Recurrence
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Outcome_Physical
recurrence of large CA
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Outcome_Physical
recurred lesions
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Outcome_Mental
patients ' Treg cells
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Outcome_Physical
function of HPV-specific T cells and NK cells
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Outcome_Physical
immune milieu of the lesion site
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Participant_Sample-size
52