17867
document
Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors ' speaking voice . Twelve student actors ( 6 males , 6 females ) were given voice training for two months . Randomly selected , half of the students ( 3 males , 3 females ) was trained in the traditional way , while the other half was given biofeedback with real-time spectrum analysis . The aim was a ringing voice quality with strong overtones at 3-5 kHz . Text samples read at different loudness levels were recorded before and after training . Fundamental frequency ( F0 ) , sound pressure level ( SPL ) and long-term-average spectrum ( LTAS ) analyses were made . Voice quality was evaluated by two voice trainers . Sound energy at 3-5 kHz increased by 3-4 dB ( 1.5-14.5 dB ) across groups after training . This change , which was slightly larger for the biofeedback ( BF ) group , did not correlate with SPL . F0 increased slightly in the BF group and decreased in the control group . The relative dB level of fundamental decreased significantly more in the BF group probably suggesting a tighter adduction . Voice quality improved in both groups . Visual feedback seems to add some efficacy in voice training . However , there is a danger of hyperfunctional voice production if other sensory feedback is neglected .
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Intervention_Educational
two-month vocal exercising
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Intervention_Educational
spectral biofeedback
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Intervention_Educational
voice training
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Intervention_Other
traditional way
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Outcome_Other
ringing voice quality with strong overtones at 3-5 kHz
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Outcome_Other
Fundamental frequency ( F0 ) , sound pressure level ( SPL )
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Outcome_Other
long-term-average spectrum ( LTAS ) analyses
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Outcome_Other
Voice quality
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Outcome_Other
Sound energy at 3-5 kHz
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Outcome_Other
SPL
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Outcome_Other
F0
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Outcome_Other
relative dB level of fundamental
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Outcome_Other
Voice quality
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Outcome_Other
efficacy
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Participant_Condition
( 6 males , 6 females )