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Acceleration of insulin pharmacodynamic profile by a novel insulin infusion site warming device . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Subcutaneously injected rapid-acting insulin analogs do not replicate physiologic insulin action due to delays in their onset and peak action resulting in postprandial glucose excursions . The InsuPatch ( IP ) is a novel insulin infusion site warming device developed to accelerate insulin action by increasing blood flow to the area of insulin absorption . Thirteen adolescents with type 1 diabetes ( T1D , mean age 14 ± 4 yr ) were enrolled in this study to investigate the effect of the IP on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a 0.2 unit/kg bolus dose of aspart insulin using the euglycemic clamp technique . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Each subject underwent two euglycemic clamp procedures on separate occasions : one with IP and one without IP activation in random order . RESULTS When the insulin bolus was given with IP activation as compared to without IP activation , time to reach maximum insulin action ( T ( GIRmax ) ) and to reach 50 % maximum action ( T ( 50 % GIRmax ) ) were 35 and 18 min earlier ( 125 ± 8 min vs. 90 ± 6 min , p = 0.002 and 58 ± 5 min . vs. 40 ± 3 min , p = 0.01 , respectively ) , and the area under curve , AUC ( GIR 0-90 min ) , reflecting early glucodynamic action , was significantly greater ( p = 0.001 ) . IP activation also accelerated the rise in plasma insulin levels after the bolus ( p = 0.03 ) and resulted in a higher peak ( p = 0.04 ) and greater overall increase ( p = 0.02 ) in plasma insulin levels . CONCLUSIONS Our results show that insulin infusion site warming with IP activation accelerates the time action profile of aspart insulin which may be of benefit to current open-loop and future closed-loop insulin delivery in patients with T1D .
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Intervention_Physical
insulin infusion site warming device
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Intervention_Physical
The InsuPatch ( IP )
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Intervention_Physical
IP
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Participant_Sample-size
Thirteen
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Participant_Age
adolescents
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Participant_Condition
type 1 diabetes
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Participant_Age
mean age 14 ± 4 yr )