2734
document
Efficacy of primaquine regimens for primaquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax malaria in Thailand . To define the current efficacy of Fansidar ( F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. , Basel Switzerland ) ( pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine ) , primaquine in a high dose , and artesunate for treating acute Plasmodium vivax malaria , we conducted a comparative clinical trial of these 3 drugs in an open-label study . Patients ( 15-65 years old ) were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments regimens in a serial order . Ninety percent of the patients were infected at Thailand-Myanmar border . Patients in group I ( n = 23 ) received Fansidar ( 3 tablets , 75 mg of pyrimethamine and 1,500 mg of sulfadoxine , a single dose on the first day ) , group II ( n = 23 ) received Fansidar ( 3 tablets , 75 mg of pyrimethamine and 1,500 mg of sulfadoxine , a single dose on the first day ) and then received primaquine ( 30 mg a day for 14 days ) , group III ( n = 23 ) received primaquine ( 30 mg a day for 14 days ) , and group IV ( n = 23 ) received artesunate ( 200 mg once a day for 3 days ) and then primaquine ( 30 mg a day for 14 days ) . Cure rates on day 28 of follow-up were 40 % , 100 % , 100 % , and 100 % in groups I , II , II , and IV , respectively . There were 4 and 5 patients in group I showing post-treatment reappearance of parasitemia at < or = 16 days and between 17 and 28 days , respectively . Patients in the other 3 groups showed negative parasitemias within 7 days after treatment . Artesunate plus primaquine ( group IV ) cleared parasitemia faster than the other 3 regimens . There is a high proportion of ineffectiveness of Fansidar for treatment of P. vivax malaria and it should be no longer used for treatment of P. vivax malaria acquired at the Thailand-Myanmar border . A high dose of primaquine is safe and effective in the treatment of P. vivax malaria during the 28-day follow-up period .
2735
Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine regimens
2736
Intervention_Pharmacological
Fansidar
2737
Intervention_Other
Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.
2738
Intervention_Other
Basel Switzerland )
2739
Intervention_Pharmacological
pyrimethamine
2740
Intervention_Pharmacological
sulfadoxine
2741
Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine
2742
Intervention_Pharmacological
artesunate
2743
Intervention_Pharmacological
Fansidar
2744
Intervention_Pharmacological
pyrimethamine
2745
Intervention_Pharmacological
1,500 mg of sulfadoxine
2746
Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine ( 30 mg a day for 14 days )
2747
Intervention_Pharmacological
received primaquine ( 30 mg a day for 14 days )
2748
Intervention_Pharmacological
artesunate
2749
Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine
2750
Outcome_Other
Cure rates
2751
Outcome_Physical
post-treatment reappearance of parasitemia
2752
Outcome_Physical
negative parasitemias
2753
Outcome_Physical
parasitemia
2754
Outcome_Other
ineffectiveness
2755
Outcome_Other
safe and effective
2756
Participant_Condition
Thailand .