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document
Exposure reduced agoraphobia but not panic , and cognitive therapy reduced panic but not agoraphobia . Earlier studies showed that cognitive therapy has anti-panic effects and exposure has anti-agoraphobic effects while other studies suggest that agoraphobia is a secondary complication of panic disorder . It was therefore hypothesized that cognitive therapy not only reduces panic but also agoraphobia and that it potentiates the effects of exposure in vivo . Two groups of 12 severe agoraphobics were treated with 4 sessions of cognitive therapy followed by 8 sessions of cognitive therapy combined with in vivo exposure . The other 12 received 4 sessions of 'associative therapy ' , a presumably inert treatment that controls for therapist attention , followed by 8 sessions of in vivo exposure that was framed in common behavioral terms . The initial cognitive therapy produced a significant reduction in panic frequency , while associative therapy did not affect panic . Neither cognitive therapy alone , nor associate therapy alone significantly reduced depression , state or trait anxiety , self-rated agoraphobia or behavioral avoidance . After adding exposure however , these parameters were clearly and significantly reduced . Cognitive therapy did not potentiate exposure effects . The results are discussed .
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy combined with in vivo exposure
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Intervention_Control
'associative therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
cognitive therapy
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Intervention_Control
associate therapy
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Intervention_Psychological
Cognitive therapy
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Outcome_Mental
panic frequency
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Outcome_Mental
depression
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Outcome_Mental
state or trait anxiety
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Outcome_Mental
self-rated agoraphobia
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Outcome_Mental
behavioral avoidance
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Participant_Condition
Two groups of
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Participant_Sample-size
12
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Participant_Condition
severe agoraphobics were treated
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Participant_Sample-size
12