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document
Risperidone-induced prolactin elevation in a prospective study of children , adolescents , and adults with mental retardation and pervasive developmental disorders . OBJECTIVE Risperidone is widely prescribed for aggression and self-injury in children , adolescents , and adults with mental retardation ( MR ) and pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD ) . Risperidone elevates prolactin more than other atypical antipsychotic medications . Females may show greater prolactin elevation than males . METHOD In this relatively long-term study of risperidone efficacy and safety for aggression and self-injury in children , adolescents , and adults with MR and PDDs , serum prolactin was measured in a 21-subject subset during the course of a double-blind , placebo-controlled trial . Prolactin was measured in ng/mL at baseline , once during acute treatment , and once during maintenance . RESULTS In children and adolescents ( n=10 ) , mean age of 12.5 years , prolactin increased from mean 13.2+/-8.6 at baseline to 31.0+/-11.6 acutely and remained elevated at 37.9+/-10.4 in maintenance . In adults , mean age of 35.3 years , prolactin increased more markedly from 11.6+/-7.4 baseline ( n=11 ) to 93.3+/-54.2 acutely but decreased to 67.8+/-62.9 in maintenance ( n=7 ) . Prolactin remained significantly elevated above normal in all subjects for at least 26 weeks . Mean prolactin of adult females , while similar to that of adult males at baseline , was 2.2 times male levels acutely and 3.7 times greater in maintenance . CONCLUSION In this small subset , mean prolactin elevation persisted for at least 26 weeks . In adults , females showed significantly greater elevations than males .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
risperidone
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Intervention_Control
placebo-controlled
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin elevation
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin elevation
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Outcome_Other
efficacy and safety
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Outcome_Physical
serum prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
Prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
Prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
Mean prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
mean prolactin elevation
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Participant_Sex
children , adolescents , and adults with mental retardation and pervasive developmental disorders .
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Participant_Age
children , adolescents , and adults with mental retardation ( MR ) and pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD ) .
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Participant_Condition
children , adolescents , and adults with MR and PDDs
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Participant_Condition
21-subject subset during the course of a double-blind , placebo-controlled trial .