69656
document
Continual feeding of two types of microalgal biomass affected protein digestion and metabolism in laying hens . A 14-wk study was conducted to determine the nutritional efficacy and ssmetabolic impact of 2 types of microalgal biomass as alternative protein sources in laying hen diets . Shaver hens ( total = 150 and 26 wk old ) were fed 1 of 5 diets : a control or a defatted green microalgal biomass ( DG ; Desmodesmus spp . ) at 25 % and a full-fatted diatom biomass ( FD ; Staurosira spp . ) at 11.7 % inclusion with or without protease . This experiment consisted of 5 replicates per treatment and each replicate contained 6 hens individually reared in cages ( 1 hen for biochemical data/replicate ) . Despite decreased ADFI ( P = 0.03 ) , hens fed DG or FD had final BW , overall hen-day egg production , and egg quality similar to the controls . Feeding DG or FD did not alter plasma concentrations of insulin , glutamine , and uric acid or alkaline phosphatase activity at wk 8 or 14 but decreased plasma 3-methyhistine concentrations ( P = 0.03 ) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP ) activities ( P < 0.001 ) at wk 14 and improved ( P = 0.002 ) ileal total AA digestibility . Although DG or FD exhibited moderate effects on intestinal brush border protease activities and mRNA levels of duodenal transporters Pept1 , Lat1 , and Cat1 , both substantially enhanced ( P < 0.05 ) phosphorylation of hepatic protein synthesis key regulator S6 ribosomal protein ( S6 ) and the ratio of phospho-S6 to S6 in the liver of hens . However , DG and FD manifested with different impacts on weights of egg and egg albumen , proteolytic activity of jejunal digesta , plasma TRAP activity , ileal total AA digestibility , and several intestinal genes and hepatic proteins . Supplemental protease in the DG and FD diets produced mixed effects on a number of measures . In conclusion , our findings revealed the feasibility of including greater levels of microalgal biomass as a source of feed protein for laying hens and a novel potential of the biomass in improving dietary protein digestion and body protein metabolism than previously perceived .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Continual feeding
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Intervention_Pharmacological
microalgal biomass
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Intervention_Pharmacological
microalgal biomass
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Intervention_Control
control
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Intervention_Pharmacological
defatted green microalgal biomass ( DG
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Intervention_Pharmacological
full-fatted diatom biomass
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Intervention_Pharmacological
microalgal biomass
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Outcome_Other
efficacy and ssmetabolic impact
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Outcome_Physical
alter plasma concentrations of insulin , glutamine , and uric acid or alkaline phosphatase activity
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Outcome_Physical
plasma 3-methyhistine concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP ) activities
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Outcome_Physical
intestinal brush border protease activities and mRNA levels of duodenal transporters Pept1 , Lat1 , and Cat1
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Outcome_Physical
weights of egg and egg albumen , proteolytic activity of jejunal digesta , plasma TRAP activity , ileal total AA digestibility , and several intestinal genes and hepatic proteins .
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Outcome_Physical
mixed effects
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Outcome_Physical
number of measures .
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Participant_Condition
laying hen
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Participant_Sample-size
total = 150
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Participant_Age
26 wk old