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document
Prospective comparison of nasal versus oral insertion of a thin video endoscope in healthy volunteers . BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Attempts have been made to improve patient 's tolerance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and to decrease the need for sedation , using thinner endoscopes and a nasal introduction route . We prospectively compared the oral and nasal routes in volunteers , using a thin prototype video endoscope . METHODS Ten healthy volunteers underwent two upper gastrointestinal endoscopies in a random order on two different days , with the procedure being carried out by a single experienced endoscopist . Parameters assessed were the tolerance of scope insertion and the assessment of the entire procedure ( 0-10 scale ) , the method of insertion preferred by the volunteers , the completeness of the examination ( assessed by an independent endoscopist ) , and the time required for the procedure . RESULTS In one patient , nasal insertion failed , and she was excluded from further analysis . The insertion of the scope was easier via the oral route , as reflected in a shorter examination time ( mean 165 vs. 210 seconds , p = 0.017 ) and patients ' tolerance for the scope insertion ( mean score : 8 for oral vs. 4 for nasal route ; p = 0.03 ) . On the other hand , gagging occurred more frequently during oral endoscopy ( 6/9 vs 1/9 , p = 0.05 ) . Three of the volunteers in each case preferred the oral or the nasal route , and three were not decided , in case of a repeated endoscopy . Similarly , the overall tolerance for the procedure did not between the two groups . CONCLUSION Thin-diameter gastroscopes seem to improve patient 's tolerance . In this small study in volunteers , nasal introduction showed no overall benefit over oral introduction . Modifications of the scope to achieve better nasal passage are necessary .
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Intervention_Physical
nasal versus oral insertion
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Intervention_Physical
video endoscope
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Intervention_Physical
upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
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Intervention_Surgical
oral and nasal routes
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Intervention_Educational
oral endoscopy
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Outcome_Other
tolerance of scope insertion
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Outcome_Other
assessment of the entire procedure
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Outcome_Other
method of insertion preferred by the volunteers
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Outcome_Other
completeness of the examination
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Outcome_Other
time required for the procedure .
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Outcome_Other
nasal insertion
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Outcome_Other
insertion of the scope
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Outcome_Other
examination time
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Outcome_Physical
patients ' tolerance for the scope insertion
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Outcome_Physical
gagging
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Outcome_Other
overall tolerance for the procedure
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Outcome_Physical
patient 's tolerance
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Participant_Condition
healthy volunteers .
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Participant_Condition
Ten healthy volunteers underwent two upper gastrointestinal endoscopies in a random order on two different days , with the procedure being carried out by a single experienced endoscopist .