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document
Effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Patients With Dysphagia With Medullary Infarction . OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( NMES ) acting on the sensory input or motor muscle in treating patients with dysphagia with medullary infarction . DESIGN Prospective randomized controlled study . SETTING Department of physical medicine and rehabilitation . PARTICIPANTS Patients with dysphagia with medullary infarction ( N=82 ) . INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized over 3 intervention groups : traditional swallowing therapy , sensory approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy , and motor approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy . Electrical stimulation sessions were for 20 minutes , twice a day , for 5d/wk , over a 4-week period . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Swallowing function was evaluated by the water swallow test and Standardized Swallowing Assessment , oral intake was evaluated by the Functional Oral Intake Scale , quality of life was evaluated by the Swallowing-Related Quality of Life ( SWAL-QOL ) Scale , and cognition was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE ) . RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in age , sex , duration , MMSE score , or severity of the swallowing disorder ( P > .05 ) . All groups showed improved swallowing function ( P≤.01 ) ; the sensory approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy group showed significantly greater improvement than the other 2 groups , and the motor approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy group showed greater improvement than the traditional swallowing therapy group ( P < .05 ) . SWAL-QOL Scale scores increased more significantly in the sensory approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy and motor approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy groups than in the traditional swallowing therapy group , and the sensory approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy and motor approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy groups showed statistically significant differences ( P=.04 ) . CONCLUSIONS NMES that targets either sensory input or motor muscle coupled with traditional therapy is conducive to recovery from dysphagia and improves quality of life for patients with dysphagia with medullary infarction . A sensory approach appears to be better than a motor approach .
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Intervention_Physical
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
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Intervention_Physical
neuromuscular electrical stimulation ( NMES )
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Intervention_Physical
traditional swallowing therapy , sensory approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy , and motor approach combined with traditional swallowing therapy
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Outcome_Physical
Swallowing function
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Outcome_Physical
water swallow test and Standardized Swallowing Assessment , oral intake
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Outcome_Physical
Functional Oral Intake Scale , quality of life
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Outcome_Physical
Swallowing-Related Quality of Life ( SWAL-QOL ) Scale
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Outcome_Mental
Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE ) .
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Outcome_Mental
MMSE score , or severity of the swallowing disorder
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Outcome_Physical
swallowing function
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Participant_Condition
Dysphagia With Medullary Infarction
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Participant_Condition
dysphagia with medullary infarction
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Participant_Condition
dysphagia with medullary infarction
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Participant_Sample-size
N=82
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Participant_Condition
for patients with dysphagia with medullary infarction