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document
Short- and long-term effects of tactile massage on salivary cortisol concentrations in Parkinson 's disease : a randomised controlled pilot study . BACKGROUND Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder with limited knowledge about the normal function and effects of non-pharmacological therapies on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal ( HPA ) axis . The aim of the study was to analyse the basal diurnal and total secretion of salivary cortisol in short- and long-term aspects of tactile massage ( TM ) . METHODS DESIGN Prospective , Controlled and Randomised Multicentre Trial . SETTING AND INTERVENTIONS Forty-five women and men , aged 50-79 years , were recruited . Twenty-nine of them were blindly randomised to tactile massage ( TM ) and 16 of them to the control group , rest to music ( RTM ) . Ten interventions were given during 8 weeks followed by a 26 weeks of follow up . Salivary cortisol was collected at 8 am , 1 pm , 8 pm , and 8 am the next day , on five occasions . With the first and eighth interventions , it was collected immediately before and after intervention . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary aim was to assess and compare cortisol concentrations before and immediately after intervention and also during the follow-up period . The secondary aim was to assess the impact of age , gender , body mass index ( BMI ) , duration and severity of PD , effects of interventional time-point of the day , and levodopa doses on cortisol concentration . RESULTS The median cortisol concentrations for all participants were 16.0 , 5.8 , 2.8 , and 14.0 nmol/L at baseline , later reproduced four times without significant differences . Cortisol concentrations decreased significantly after TM intervention but no change in diurnal salivary cortisol pattern was found . The findings of reduced salivary cortisol concentrations immediately after the interventions are in agreement with previous studies . However , there was no significant difference between the TM and control groups . There were no significant correlations between cortisol concentrations and age , gender , BMI , time-point for intervention , time interval between anti-parkinson pharmacy intake and sampling , levodopa doses , duration , or severity of PD . CONCLUSIONS Diurnal salivary cortisol rhythm was normal . Salivary cortisol concentrations were significantly reduced after the TM intervention and after RTM , but there were no significant differences between the groups and no sustained long-term effect . No associations were seen between salivary cortisol concentration and clinical and/or pharmacological characteristics . TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov , NCT01734876 and FoU Sweden 108881 .
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Intervention_Physical
tactile massage
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Intervention_Other
non-pharmacological therapies
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Intervention_Physical
tactile massage ( TM )
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Intervention_Physical
tactile massage ( TM )
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Intervention_Control
control
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Intervention_Control
rest to music ( RTM )
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Intervention_Physical
TM
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Intervention_Physical
TM
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Intervention_Physical
TM
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Intervention_Control
RTM
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Outcome_Physical
Short- and long-term effects
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Outcome_Physical
salivary cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal ( HPA ) axis .
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Outcome_Physical
basal diurnal and total secretion of salivary cortisol
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Outcome_Physical
Salivary cortisol
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Outcome_Physical
assess and compare cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
impact of age , gender , body mass index ( BMI ) , duration and severity of PD , effects of interventional time-point of the day , and levodopa doses on cortisol concentration .
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Outcome_Physical
median cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
Cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
salivary cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
age , gender , BMI , time-point for intervention , time interval between anti-parkinson pharmacy intake and sampling , levodopa doses , duration , or severity of PD .
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Outcome_Physical
Diurnal salivary cortisol rhythm
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Outcome_Physical
Salivary cortisol concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
salivary cortisol concentration
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Participant_Condition
Parkinson 's disease
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Participant_Sample-size
Forty-five
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Participant_Sex
women and men
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Participant_Age
aged 50-79 years
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Participant_Sample-size
Twenty-nine
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Participant_Sample-size
16