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document
Gradual withdrawal of diazepam after long-term therapy . 41 outpatients who were long-term consumers of diazepam in therapeutic dosage were gradually withdrawn from the drug over 3 months by stepwise reduction . In a double-blind procedure half the patients began withdrawal immediately and half after 8 weeks . Of 36 patients who completed treatment , 16 ( 44.4 % ) experienced true withdrawal phenomena on reducing their drugs , but 8 other patients had pseudo-withdrawal reactions at a time when their drug treatment was unchanged . The pseudo-withdrawal reactions consisted of an increase in anxiety symptoms only , whereas true withdrawal symptoms also included perceptual changes and psychotic symptoms . Examination of pharmacological and clinical predictors of withdrawal phenomena and later relapse showed that personality factors were the most important , patients with passive-dependent traits having a significantly greater prevalence of withdrawal reactions .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
diazepam
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Intervention_Pharmacological
diazepam
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Outcome_Other
true withdrawal phenomena
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Outcome_Other
pseudo-withdrawal reactions
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Outcome_Physical
pseudo-withdrawal reactions
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Outcome_Mental
anxiety symptoms
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Outcome_Other
true withdrawal symptoms
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Outcome_Mental
perceptual changes
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Outcome_Physical
and
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Outcome_Mental
psychotic symptoms
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Outcome_Physical
.
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Outcome_Physical
relapse
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Outcome_Physical
withdrawal reactions .
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Participant_Condition
41
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Participant_Condition
drug
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Participant_Condition
36