70652
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Initial abstinence status and contingency management treatment outcomes : does race matter ? OBJECTIVE Limited research has evaluated African American substance users ' response to evidence-based treatments . This study examined the efficacy of contingency management ( CM ) in African American and White cocaine users . METHOD A secondary analysis evaluated effects of race , treatment condition , and baseline cocaine urine sample results on treatment outcomes of African American ( n = 444 ) and White ( n = 403 ) cocaine abusers participating in one of six randomized clinical trials comparing CM to standard care . RESULTS African American and White patients who initiated treatment with a cocaine-negative urine sample remained in treatment for similar durations and submitted a comparable proportion of negative samples during treatment regardless of treatment type ; CM was efficacious in both races in terms of engendering longer durations of abstinence in patients who began treatment abstinent . Whites who began treatment with a cocaine positive sample remained in treatment longer and submitted a higher proportion of negative samples when assigned to CM than standard care . African Americans who initiated treatment with a cocaine positive sample , however , did not remain in treatment longer with CM compared with standard care , and gains in terms of drug use outcomes were muted in nature relative to Whites . This interaction effect persisted through the 9-month follow-up period . CONCLUSIONS CM is not equally effective in reducing drug use among all subgroups , specifically African American patients who are using cocaine upon treatment entry . Future research on improving treatment outcomes in this population is needed .
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Intervention_Educational
contingency management
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Intervention_Educational
contingency management ( CM )
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Intervention_Educational
CM
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Intervention_Educational
standard care
70657
Intervention_Educational
CM
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Intervention_Educational
CM
70659
Intervention_Educational
standard care
70660
Intervention_Educational
CM
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Intervention_Educational
standard care
70662
Intervention_Educational
CM
70663
Outcome_Other
contingency management ( CM )
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Participant_Condition
cocaine users
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Participant_Sample-size
444
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Participant_Sample-size
403
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Participant_Condition
cocaine abusers