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document
Fecal butyrate levels vary widely among individuals but are usually increased by a diet high in resistant starch . Butyrate and other SCFA produced by bacterial fermentation of resistant starch ( RS ) or nonstarch polysaccharides ( NSP ) promote human colonic health . To examine variation in fecal variables , especially butyrate , among individuals and the response to these fibers , a randomized cross-over study was conducted that compared the effects of foods supplying 25 g of NSP or 25 g of NSP plus 22 g of RS/d over 4 wk in 46 healthy adults ( 16 males , 30 females ; age 31-66 y ) . Fecal SCFA levels varied widely among participants at entry ( butyrate concentrations : 3.5-32.6 mmol/kg ; butyrate excretions : 0.3-18.2 mmol/48 h ) . BMI explained 27 % of inter-individual butyrate variation , whereas protein , starch , carbohydrate , fiber , and fat intake explained up to 16 , 6 , 2 , 4 , and 2 % of butyrate variation , respectively . Overall , acetate , butyrate , and total SCFA concentrations were higher when participants consumed RS compared with entry and NSP diets , but individual responses varied . Individual and total fecal SCFA excretion , weight , and moisture were higher than those for habitual diets when either fiber diet was consumed . SCFA concentrations ( except butyrate ) and excretions were higher for males than for females . Butyrate levels increased in response to RS in most individuals but often decreased when entry levels were high . Fecal butyrate and ammonia excretions were positively associated ( ( 2 ) = 0.76 ; P < 0.001 ) . In conclusion , fecal butyrate levels vary widely among individuals but consuming a diet high in RS usually increases levels and may help maintain colorectal health .
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Intervention_Physical
diet high in resistant starch
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Outcome_Physical
Fecal butyrate levels
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Outcome_Physical
human colonic health
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Outcome_Physical
fecal variables
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Outcome_Physical
butyrate
49745
Outcome_Physical
Fecal SCFA levels
49746
Outcome_Physical
acetate
49747
Outcome_Physical
butyrate
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Outcome_Physical
total SCFA concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
Individual and total fecal SCFA excretion
49750
Outcome_Physical
weight
49751
Outcome_Physical
moisture
49752
Outcome_Physical
SCFA concentrations ( except butyrate )
49753
Outcome_Physical
excretions
49754
Outcome_Physical
Butyrate levels
49755
Outcome_Physical
Fecal butyrate
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Outcome_Physical
ammonia excretions
49757
Outcome_Physical
fecal butyrate levels
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Outcome_Physical
colorectal health
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Participant_Condition
46 healthy adults ( 16 males , 30 females ; age 31-66 y ) .