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document
Metabolic responses to oral surgery under local anesthesia and sedation with intravenous midazolam : the effects of two different local anesthetics . The effects of epinephrine-free and epinephrine-containing local anesthetic solutions on plasma potassium and blood glucose concentrations were investigated in 20 patients undergoing oral surgery with intravenous midazolam sedation . Ten patients were randomly assigned to receive 4.4 mL of 2 % lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine as a local anesthetic and 10 were given 4.4 mL of 3 % prilocaine with 0.03 IU/mL felypressin . There were significant changes from baseline potassium and glucose concentrations both within and between treatments in the early postinjection period . The epinephrine-containing local anesthetic significantly reduced the plasma potassium concentration 10 min after injection , by 0.16 +/- 0.20 mmol/L ( mean +/- SD ) , and increased the blood glucose concentration at 10 , 20 , and 30 min ( by 0.46 +/- 0.37 , 0.63 +/- 0.45 , and 0.56 +/- 0.28 mmol/L , respectively ) . Conversely , plasma potassium increased and blood glucose decreased 10 , 20 , and 30 min following the administration of the epinephrine-free solution . At 30 min potassium was increased by 0.24 +/- 0.16 mmol/L , and glucose was decreased by 0.23 +/- 0.16 mmol/L . It is concluded that epinephrine-free and epinephrine-containing local anesthetics differ in their metabolic effects during oral surgery with midazolam sedation .
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Intervention_Surgical
oral surgery
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Intervention_Pharmacological
local anesthesia
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Intervention_Pharmacological
local anesthetics
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Intervention_Pharmacological
epinephrine-free and epinephrine-containing local anesthetic
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam
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Intervention_Pharmacological
4.4 mL of 2 % lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine as a local anesthetic
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Intervention_Pharmacological
4.4 mL of 3 % prilocaine with 0.03 IU/mL felypressin
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Intervention_Pharmacological
epinephrine-free solution
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Intervention_Pharmacological
epinephrine-free
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Intervention_Pharmacological
epinephrine-containing local anesthetics
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Intervention_Pharmacological
midazolam sedation
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Outcome_Physical
plasma potassium and blood glucose concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
potassium and glucose concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
plasma potassium concentration 10 min after injection
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Outcome_Physical
blood glucose concentration
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Outcome_Physical
plasma potassium
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Outcome_Physical
blood glucose
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Outcome_Physical
30 min potassium
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Outcome_Physical
glucose
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Participant_Sample-size
20
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Participant_Condition
oral surgery
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Participant_Condition
sedation