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document
Randomized trial of a " stage-of-change " oriented smoking cessation intervention in infertile and pregnant women . OBJECTIVE To assess a " stage-of-change " oriented smoking cessation intervention for infertile and pregnant women , compared with standard of care . DESIGN Randomized controlled trial . SETTING Three university teaching hospitals in Hamilton , Ontario , Canada . PATIENT ( S ) Infertile women at their first visit to a tertiary referral infertility clinic ( n = 94 ) and new patients seeking pre-natal care ( n = 110 ) who had smoked > /= 3 cigarettes in the past six months . INTERVENTION ( S ) A three to five minute scripted intervention and booklet specific to the woman 's " stage-of-change " in the smoking continuum , versus standard of care . Exhaled carbon-monoxide ( CO ) monitoring was used to validate exposure in both groups . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE ( S ) Delta " stage-of-change " and rate of maintained cessation at 12 months post follow-up . RESULT ( S ) Intervention and control were similarly effective for infertile women : the rate of maintained cessation rose significantly from 4 % to 24 % over twelve months , with a mean delta " stage-of-change " 0.28 . In prenatal women , neither approach was effective . Maintained cessation did not significantly change from 0 to 12 months ( 19 % to 18 % ) . Mean delta " stage-of-change " declined by -0.62 . CONCLUSION ( S ) For infertile women , basic information describing the impact of smoking on fertility , along with exhaled CO monitoring and a more intensive intervention were both highly effective . In pregnant women neither approach was beneficial , with some evidence of post-partum relapse .
4278
Intervention_Educational
" stage-of-change " oriented smoking cessation intervention
4279
Intervention_Educational
" stage-of-change " oriented smoking cessation intervention
4280
Intervention_Educational
" stage-of-change " in the smoking continuum
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Intervention_Control
standard of care
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Intervention_Other
Exhaled carbon-monoxide ( CO ) monitoring
4283
Outcome_Mental
Delta " stage-of-change " and rate of maintained cessation
4284
Outcome_Mental
rate of maintained cessation
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Outcome_Other
mean delta " stage-of-change "
4286
Outcome_Other
Maintained cessation
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Outcome_Other
Mean delta " stage-of-change
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Participant_Condition
infertile and pregnant
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Participant_Sex
women
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Participant_Condition
.
4291
Participant_Sample-size
94
4292
Participant_Sample-size
110