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document
The acute effects of fluid intake on urine specific gravity and fluid retention in a mildly dehydrated state . Many athletes arrive at training sessions and competitions in a mildly hypohydrated ( HYPO ) state and are instructed to drink fluids before exercise to reach a euhydrated ( HYD ) state . Ten recreational athletes ( 6 women , 4 men ; 71.9 ± 4.6 kg , 25.2 ± 0.9 years ) participated in the studies to examine ( a ) the day-to-day variability of morning urine specific gravity ( USG ) , ( b ) the effects of consuming 600 ml of water on the hydration status of HYD and HYPO ( USG > 1.020 ) subjects , and ( c ) the effects of consuming water ( W ) , salt-water ( SW , 40 mM Na ) , a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution with 3 % or light carbohydrate ( CES-L , 20 mM Na ) or a CES with 6 % carbohydrate ( CES , 20 mM Na ) on the hydration status of HYPO subjects . The hydration status was assessed with USG and body mass measures and urine volume collections . The day-to-day variability in morning USG ( coefficient of variation = 0.2 ± 0.1 % ) was low and the responses to 600 ml of W ingestion were repeatable . Pretrial USG was 1.022 ± 0.001 in the HYPO trial and decreased < 1.020 by 45 minutes ( 1.013 ± 0.003 ) . In the CES study , HYPO subjects reached HYD status at 45 minutes in all conditions ( W 1.013 ± 0.003 , SW 1.013 ± 0.003 , CES-L 1.011 ± 0.003 , CES 1.017 ± 0.004 ) because salt or CES ingestion did not affect fluid retention ( W 68 % , SW 72 % , CES-L 68 % , CES 76 % ) . This study demonstrated that mildly HYPO subjects could reach euhydration within 45 minutes of the ingestion of 600 ml of W or a combination of salt and CES solutions . Following this practice will minimize the incidence of starting a practice or competition hypohydrated .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
600 ml of water
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Intervention_Pharmacological
water ( W )
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Intervention_Pharmacological
salt-water
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Intervention_Pharmacological
carbohydrate-electrolyte solution with 3 % or light carbohydrate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
CES with 6 % carbohydrate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
600
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Intervention_Pharmacological
salt
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Participant_Condition
mildly dehydrated state
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Participant_Condition
HYPO
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Participant_Sample-size
Ten
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Participant_Sex
6 women , 4 men
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Participant_Age
25.2 ± 0.9 years