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document
Role of memory B-cell responses in serum and mucosal fluids of swine for protective immunity against pseudorabies virus . We examined primary and memory isotype-specific antibody responses directed against pseudorabies virus in serum and mucosal fluids of pigs with and without passively acquired maternal antibody , and we studied the relationship between these responses and protection against virus challenge . Pigs were inoculated intranasally with the virulent NIA-3 strain or the avirulent Bartha strain , or they were inoculated IM with an inactivated vaccine containing the Phylaxia strain . Ten weeks later , all pigs were challenge-exposed intranasally with strain NIA-3 . Only pigs that were without passively acquired antibody at the time they were inoculated with virulent virus appeared to have complete protective immunity against challenge exposure , as evidenced by lack of clinical signs of pseudorabies and lack of virus excretion . In contrast , pigs inoculated with strain Bartha or with the inactivated vaccine developed fever , had a period of growth arrest , and excreted virus after challenge exposure . In pigs without passively acquired antibody , intranasal inoculation with strains NIA-3 or Bartha was followed by primary IgM and IgA responses in serum and in oropharyngeal fluid as well as primary IgG1 and IgG2 responses in serum . Intramuscular inoculation with the inactivated vaccine induced primary serum IgM , IgG1 , and IgG2 responses , but no mucosal responses . Challenge exposure of pigs that had been inoculated with the Bartha strain or the inactivated vaccine was followed by clear memory responses in serum and in oropharyngeal fluid . In contrast , challenge exposure of pigs that had been inoculated by the virulent NIA-3 strain was not followed by memory responses . ( ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS )
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Intervention_Physical
virulent
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Intervention_Pharmacological
NIA-3 strain
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Intervention_Pharmacological
avirulent Bartha strain
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Intervention_Pharmacological
IM with an inactivated vaccine containing the Phylaxia strain
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Intervention_Physical
challenge-exposed
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Intervention_Pharmacological
intranasally with strain NIA-3
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Outcome_Physical
complete protective immunity
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Outcome_Physical
clinical signs of pseudorabies
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Outcome_Physical
virus excretion
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Outcome_Physical
fever
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Outcome_Physical
period of growth arrest
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Outcome_Physical
excreted virus
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Outcome_Physical
IgM and IgA responses
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Outcome_Physical
serum
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Outcome_Physical
oropharyngeal fluid
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Outcome_Physical
primary serum IgM , IgG1 , and IgG2 responses
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Outcome_Physical
mucosal responses
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Outcome_Physical
memory responses
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Participant_Condition
with and without passively acquired maternal antibody
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Participant_Condition
Pigs