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document
Noninvasive detection of candidate molecular biomarkers in subjects with a history of insulin resistance and colorectal adenomas . We have developed novel molecular methods using a stool sample , which contains intact sloughed colon cells , to quantify colonic gene expression profiles . In this study , our goal was to identify diagnostic gene sets ( combinations ) for the noninvasive classification of different phenotypes . For this purpose , the effects of a legume-enriched , low glycemic index , high fermentable fiber diet was evaluated in subjects with four possible combinations of risk factors , including insulin resistance and a history of adenomatous polyps . In a randomized crossover design controlled feeding study , each participant ( a total of 23 ; 5-12 per group ) consumed the experimental diet ( 1.5 cups of cooked dry beans ) and a control diet ( isocaloric average American diet ) for 4 weeks with a 3-week washout period between diets . Using prior biological knowledge , the complexity of feature selection was reduced to perform an exhaustive search on all allowable feature ( gene ) sets of size 3 , and among these , 27 had ( unbiased ) error estimates of 0.15 or less . Linear discriminant analysis was successfully used to identify the best single genes and two- to three-gene combinations for distinguishing subjects with insulin resistance , a history of polyps , or exposure to a chemoprotective legume-rich diet . These results support our premise that gene products ( RNA ) isolated from stool have diagnostic value in terms of assessing colon cancer risk .
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Intervention_Physical
novel molecular methods
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Intervention_Pharmacological
legume-enriched , low glycemic index , high fermentable fiber diet
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Intervention_Pharmacological
experimental diet ( 1.5 cups of cooked dry beans )
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Intervention_Control
control diet
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Outcome_Physical
best single genes and two- to three-gene combinations for distinguishing subjects with insulin resistance
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Participant_Condition
in subjects with a history of insulin resistance and colorectal adenomas .
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Participant_Condition
four possible combinations of risk factors , including insulin resistance
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Participant_Condition
history of adenomatous polyps
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Participant_Sample-size
total of 23 ;
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Participant_Condition
insulin resistance
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Participant_Condition
history of polyps
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Participant_Condition
exposure to a chemoprotective legume-rich diet