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document
Randomized trial of a secondhand smoke exposure reduction intervention among hospital-based pregnant women . OBJECTIVE This study sought to assess the effectiveness of a secondhand tobacco smoke ( SHS ) prevention program based on an expanded Health Belief Model ( HBM ) incorporating self-efficacy among pregnant women in a hospital setting in Taiwan . METHODOLOGY This study utilized a two-group longitudinal randomized controlled trial design . Participants in the intervention group ( n=50 ) enrolled in a SHS prevention program based on the HBM , while participants in the comparison group ( n=50 ) received standard government-mandated counseling care . Both groups were given questionnaires as a pre-test , two weeks into the intervention , and one month following the conclusion of the intervention . The questionnaire and intervention were developed based on the understanding gained through a series of in-depth interviews and a focus-group conducted among pregnant women . Exhaled carbon monoxide was also measured and used as a proxy for SHS exposure . RESULTS Intervention group scores were all significantly higher than comparison group scores ( p < 0.001 ) , indicating a significant increase in knowledge , HBM scores , cues to action , self-efficacy , preventative behaviors , and a significant decrease in smoking exposure . These differences remained significant at the one-month follow-up assessment ( p < 0.001 ) . CONCLUSIONS These results should encourage health professionals to educate pregnant women regarding the harms of SHS while both empowering and equipping them with the tools to confront their family members and effectively reduce their SHS exposure while promoting smoke-free social norms .
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Intervention_Educational
secondhand smoke exposure reduction intervention
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Intervention_Educational
secondhand tobacco smoke ( SHS ) prevention program
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Intervention_Educational
SHS prevention program based on the HBM
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Intervention_Psychological
standard government-mandated counseling care
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Outcome_Mental
effectiveness
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Outcome_Physical
Health Belief Model
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Outcome_Other
questionnaires
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Outcome_Physical
Exhaled carbon monoxide
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Outcome_Physical
SHS exposure
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Outcome_Mental
knowledge , HBM scores , cues to action , self-efficacy , preventative behaviors , and a significant decrease in smoking exposure
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Outcome_Physical
SHS exposure
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Participant_Condition
hospital-based pregnant women
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Participant_Condition
pregnant
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Participant_Condition
a hospital setting in Taiwan
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Participant_Sample-size
( n=50 )
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Participant_Condition
SHS prevention program
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Participant_Sample-size
comparison group ( n=50 )
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Participant_Sample-size
groups
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Participant_Condition
pregnant women