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Effect of topical anesthesia and age on pain scores during retinopathy of prematurity screening . OBJECTIVE The efficacy of topical anesthesia during retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP ) screening has been a controversial issue . To determine the efficacy of proparacaine eye drops ( 0.5 % ) , we compared the Premature Infant Pain Profile ( PIPP ) scores in 40 preterm infants undergoing ROP screening . STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized double masked cross-over clinical trial . The study was conducted in the neonatal intensive units for infants undergoing routine ROP screening exams . Baseline PIPP scores and post-examination PIPP scores at 1 and 5 min were compared for : ( 1 ) those receiving saline vs proparacaine eye drops ( 2 ) first ROP screening vs second ROP screening , regardless of the type of eye drops used . Wilcoxon signed-ranks test was used to pair pain scores . RESULT Forty preterm infants were included in the study . Mean gestational age ( GA ) at first and second examinations was 33.3 and 35.3 weeks , respectively . Proparacaine use significantly lowered mean PIPP scores ( P=0.027 ) and delta scores ( P=0.013 ) at 1 min after examination , but there was no difference at 5 min after examination . Second examinations showed significantly lower mean PIPP scores after examination ( 1 min ( P=0.003 ) and 5 min ( P=0.025 ) ) , regardless of the type of drop used . CONCLUSION Proparacaine eye drops offer significant relief of pain that is apparently short lived . Significantly lower PIPP scores at second ROP examinations suggested that infants of older GA may have a greater ability to tolerate ROP screening . We recommend the use of proparacaine eye drops for the short term , immediate relief of pain during ROP screening in preterm infants of lesser GA .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
topical anesthesia
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Intervention_Pharmacological
topical anesthesia
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Intervention_Pharmacological
proparacaine eye drops
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Outcome_Pain
pain scores
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Outcome_Other
efficacy
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Outcome_Other
efficacy
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Outcome_Pain
Premature Infant Pain Profile ( PIPP )
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Outcome_Physical
Baseline PIPP scores
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Outcome_Physical
post-examination PIPP scores
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Participant_Condition
retinopathy of prematurity ( ROP )
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Participant_Sample-size
40
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Participant_Age
infants
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Participant_Condition
ROP