2990
document
The effects of hormone replacement therapy on hemostatic variables in women with angiographically verified coronary artery disease : results from the estrogen in women with atherosclerosis study . Data on the effect of hormone replacement therapy on hemostasis are inconsistent , and there are few data in women with coronary artery disease . In a single-center , open , randomized study , 118 postmenopausal women with angiographically verified coronary artery disease were randomized to hormone replacement therapy , given as long-cycle transdermal 17-beta-estradiol ( 50 microg/24 hour ) for 3 months with sequential medroxy-progesterone acetate for 14 days , or to a control group receiving no therapy . Hemostatic parameters were measured at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of therapy . The coagulation inhibitors antithrombin , protein C , and protein S , but not tissue factor pathway inhibitor , decreased significantly from baseline in the hormone replacement therapy group at both 3 and 12 months as compared with the control group . The absolute decreases within the hormone replacement therapy group were 3 to 10 % . No significant differences between the two treatment groups were observed for the coagulation products prothrombin fragment 1+2 or thrombin-antithrombin complex or for D-dimer , although there were significant decreases in the levels within the hormone replacement therapy group . Levels of fibrinogen , activated factor VII , and factor VII antigen were not significantly influenced by hormone replacement therapy treatment . Similarly , nonsignificant changes were detected for the fibrinolytic parameters tissue plasminogen activator activity , tissue plasminogen activator antigen , and global fibrinolytic activity , but plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 was significantly lower in the hormone replacement therapy group due to a questionable increase in the levels in the control group . In conclusion , treatment with transdermal estradiol combined with long-cycle progestins was associated with no net activation of coagulation despite reduced levels of coagulation inhibitors .
2991
Intervention_Physical
hormone replacement therapy
2992
Intervention_Pharmacological
hormone replacement therapy
2993
Intervention_Pharmacological
long-cycle transdermal 17-beta-estradiol
2994
Intervention_Pharmacological
sequential medroxy-progesterone acetate
2995
Intervention_Control
control
2996
Intervention_Pharmacological
transdermal estradiol combined with long-cycle progestins
2997
Outcome_Physical
coagulation inhibitors antithrombin , protein C , and protein S
2998
Outcome_Physical
tissue factor pathway inhibitor
2999
Outcome_Physical
coagulation products prothrombin fragment 1+2
3000
Outcome_Physical
thrombin-antithrombin complex
3001
Outcome_Physical
D-dimer
3002
Outcome_Physical
Levels of fibrinogen
3003
Outcome_Physical
activated factor VII
3004
Outcome_Physical
factor VII antigen
3005
Outcome_Physical
fibrinolytic parameters tissue plasminogen activator activity
3006
Outcome_Physical
tissue plasminogen activator antigen
3007
Outcome_Physical
global fibrinolytic activity
3008
Outcome_Physical
plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1
3009
Outcome_Physical
activation of coagulation
3010
Outcome_Physical
coagulation inhibitors
3011
Participant_Sex
women
3012
Participant_Condition
angiographically verified coronary artery disease
3013
Participant_Sex
women
3014
Participant_Condition
atherosclerosis
3015
Participant_Sample-size
118