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document
Correlations between the clinical , histological and neurophysiological examinations in patients before and after parotid gland tumor surgery : verification of facial nerve transmission . Parotid gland tumor surgery sometimes leads to facial nerve paralysis . Malignant more than benign tumors determine nerve function preoperatively , while postoperative observations based on clinical , histological and neurophysiological studies have not been reported in detail . The aims of this pilot study were evaluation and correlations of histological properties of tumor ( its size and location ) and clinical and neurophysiological assessment of facial nerve function pre- and post-operatively ( 1 and 6 months ) . Comparative studies included 17 patients with benign ( n = 13 ) and malignant ( n = 4 ) tumors . Clinical assessment was based on House-Brackmann scale ( H-B ) , neurophysiological diagnostics included facial electroneurography [ ENG , compound muscle action potential ( CMAP ) ] , mimetic muscle electromyography ( EMG ) and blink-reflex examinations ( BR ) . Mainly grade I of H-B was recorded both pre- ( n = 13 ) and post-operatively ( n = 12 ) in patients with small ( 1.5-2.4 cm ) benign tumors located in superficial lobes . Patients with medium size ( 2.5-3.4 cm ) malignant tumors in both lobes were scored at grade I ( n = 2 ) and III ( n = 2 ) pre- and mainly VI ( n = 4 ) post-operatively . CMAP amplitudes after stimulation of mandibular marginal branch were reduced at about 25 % in patients with benign tumors after surgery . In the cases of malignant tumors CMAPs were not recorded following stimulation of any branch . A similar trend was found for BR results . H-B and ENG results revealed positive correlations between the type of tumor and surgery with facial nerve function . Neurophysiological studies detected clinically silent facial nerve neuropathy of mandibular marginal branch in postoperative period . Needle EMG , ENG and BR examinations allow for the evaluation of face muscles reinnervation and facial nerve regeneration .
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Intervention_Surgical
parotid gland tumor surgery
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Intervention_Surgical
pre- and post-operatively
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Intervention_Physical
facial electroneurography
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Intervention_Physical
mimetic muscle electromyography
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Intervention_Physical
blink-reflex examinations
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Outcome_Physical
clinical , histological and neurophysiological examinations
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Outcome_Physical
histological properties of tumor ( its size and location )
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Outcome_Physical
clinical and neurophysiological assessment of facial nerve function pre- and post-operatively
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Outcome_Physical
House-Brackmann scale ( H-B ) , neurophysiological diagnostics included facial electroneurography [ ENG , compound muscle action potential ( CMAP ) ] , mimetic muscle electromyography ( EMG ) and blink-reflex examinations ( BR )
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Outcome_Physical
H-B
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Outcome_Physical
CMAP amplitudes
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Outcome_Physical
CMAPs
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Outcome_Physical
BR results . H-B and ENG
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Outcome_Physical
clinically silent facial nerve neuropathy of mandibular marginal branch
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Outcome_Physical
Needle EMG , ENG and BR examinations
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Outcome_Physical
face muscles reinnervation and facial nerve regeneration .
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Participant_Condition
parotid gland tumor surgery
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Participant_Sample-size
17
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Participant_Condition
benign
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Participant_Sample-size
13
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Participant_Condition
malignant
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Participant_Sample-size
4
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Participant_Condition
tumors
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Participant_Condition
small ( 1.5-2.4 cm ) benign tumors located in superficial lobes
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Participant_Condition
medium size ( 2.5-3.4 cm ) malignant tumors in both lobes
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Participant_Condition
benign tumors