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document
The effect of risedronate treatment on serum cytokines in postmenopausal osteoporosis : a 6-month randomized and controlled study . There is much evidence suggesting that the decline in ovarian function after menopause is associated with spontaneous increases in proinflammatory cytokines . Treatment with risedronate is accompanied by significant changes in bone turnover and bone mineral density . The objective of this study was to determine the effects of risedronate treatment on the level of serum cytokines including receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand ( RANKL ) and osteoprotegerin among postmenopausal women with osteoporosis . The study group consisted of 61 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis . Patients were randomly divided in two groups : In group 1 ( n = 41 ) postmenopausal women received oral risedronate ( 35 mg/week ) , calcium ( 1,000 mg/day ) , and vitamin D ( 400 IU/day ) for 12 months . In group 2 ( control group ; n = 20 ) patients received only oral calcium ( 1,000 mg/day ) and vitamin D ( 400 IU/day ) . Bone mineral density ( BMD ) of lumbar spine ( L1-L4 ) and proximal femur were determined using dual X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and after one year . Venous blood samples were obtained for determination of serum cytokines including interleukin-1beta ( IL-1beta ) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) , RANKL , osteoprotegerin , and markers of bone formation and resorption . Levels of serum cytokines were measured before therapy and after three and 6 months . Markers of bone metabolism were studied before therapy and after 6 months . In group 1 ( risedronate plus calcium/vitamin D-treated patients ) , serum levels of RANKL and IL-1beta significantly decreased and the level of osteoprotegerin significantly increased after three and 6 months , but no significant difference was found in TNF-alpha level . In group 2 , however , the level of serum cytokines did not change after three and 6 months . In cases of bone turnover , both markers of bone resorption and formation significantly decreased after 6 months in group 1 . In conclusion risedronate could improve osteoporosis by increasing osteoprotegerin and reducing RANKL and IL-1beta .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
risedronate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
risedronate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
risedronate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
oral risedronate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
calcium
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Intervention_Pharmacological
vitamin D
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Intervention_Pharmacological
oral calcium
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Intervention_Pharmacological
vitamin D
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Outcome_Physical
Bone mineral density ( BMD ) of lumbar spine ( L1-L4 ) and proximal femur
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Outcome_Physical
Venous blood
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Outcome_Physical
serum cytokines
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Outcome_Physical
interleukin-1beta ( IL-1beta ) , tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha ) , RANKL , osteoprotegerin , and markers of bone formation and resorption
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Outcome_Physical
serum cytokines
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Outcome_Physical
Markers of bone metabolism
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Outcome_Physical
serum levels of RANKL and IL-1beta
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Outcome_Physical
level of osteoprotegerin
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Outcome_Physical
TNF-alpha level
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Outcome_Physical
serum cytokines
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Outcome_Physical
bone turnover
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Outcome_Physical
markers of bone resorption and formation
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Participant_Condition
postmenopausal osteoporosis :
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Participant_Condition
postmenopausal women with osteoporosis .