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document
Effect of a high-protein , energy-restricted diet on weight loss and energy expenditure after weight stabilization in hyperinsulinemic subjects . OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of replacing some dietary carbohydrate with protein , during energy restriction , on weight loss , total energy expenditure ( TEE ) , resting energy expenditure ( REE ) , respiratory quotient ( RQ ) , and the thermic effect of feeding ( TEF ) in subjects with hyperinsulinemia . DESIGN Parallel , clinical intervention study of 12 weeks energy restriction ( 6.5 MJ/day ) and 4 weeks energy balance ( 8.2 MJ/day ) in two groups of subjects randomly assigned to either a high-protein ( HP ) diet ( 27 % of energy ( % E ) as protein , 45 % E as carbohydrate ) or a lower-protein ( LP ) diet ( 16 % E as protein , 57 % E as carbohydrate ) . SUBJECTS A total of 36 obese nondiabetic volunteers with hyperinsulinemia ( 10 males/26 females , aged 34-65 y , BMI 28-43 kg/m ( 2 ) , fasting insulin 12-45 mU/l ) . MEASUREMENTS Body weight and composition , TEE , REE , and RQ were measured at baseline and at week 16 . In addition , the TEF to an HP or LP meal was determined for 3 h , at baseline and at week 16 . RESULTS After 16 weeks , weight loss was similar in response to each diet ; the overall decrease was 7.9+/-0.6 kg ( P < 0.001 ) , of which 6.8+/-0.5 kg was fat ( P < 0.001 ) . REE fell similarly with each diet ; the overall decrease was 719+/-106 kJ/day ( P < 0.001 ) . The TEF was 2 % greater after the HP than after the LP meal at baseline ( P < 0.01 ) and 0.8 % greater at week 16 ( P=0.35 ) . After 16 weeks , the TEF was not reduced in either dietary group . There was no change in TEE after 16 weeks . CONCLUSION In subjects with hyperinsulinemia an energy-restrictive diet containing an increased protein-to-carbohydrate ratio does not enhance weight loss or significantly affect energy expenditure . Caloric restriction , rather than the macronutrient composition of the diet , is the most important determinant of weight loss .
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Intervention_Other
high-protein , energy-restricted diet
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Intervention_Other
energy restriction
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Intervention_Other
energy balance
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Intervention_Other
high-protein ( HP ) diet
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Intervention_Other
lower-protein ( LP ) diet
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Intervention_Other
HP
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Intervention_Other
LP
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Outcome_Physical
weight loss and energy expenditure
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Outcome_Physical
weight loss , total energy expenditure ( TEE ) , resting energy expenditure ( REE ) , respiratory quotient ( RQ ) , and the thermic effect of feeding ( TEF )
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Outcome_Physical
Body weight and composition , TEE , REE , and RQ
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Outcome_Physical
weight loss
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Outcome_Physical
protein-to-carbohydrate ratio
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Outcome_Physical
weight loss or significantly affect energy expenditure .
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Participant_Condition
hyperinsulinemic subjects .
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Participant_Condition
hyperinsulinemia
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Participant_Sample-size
36
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Participant_Condition
obese
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Participant_Condition
hyperinsulinemia
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Participant_Sample-size
10
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Participant_Sex
males/26 females
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Participant_Age
34-65
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Participant_Condition
hyperinsulinemia