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document
Effect of whole-body mild-cold exposure on arterial stiffness and central haemodynamics : a randomised , cross-over trial in healthy men and women . Aortic pulse wave velocity ( PWV ) and augmentation index ( AIx ) are independent predictors of cardiovascular risk and mortality , but little is known about the effect of air temperature changes on these variables . Our study investigated the effect of exposure to whole-body mild-cold on measures of arterial stiffness ( aortic and brachial PWV ) , and on central haemodynamics [ including augmented pressure ( AP ) , AIx ] , and aortic reservoir components [ including reservoir and excess pressures ( P ex ) ] . Sixteen healthy volunteers ( 10 men , age 43 ± 19 years ; mean ± SD ) were randomised to be studied under conditions of 12 °C ( mild-cold ) and 21 °C ( control ) on separate days . Supine resting measures were taken at baseline ( ambient temperature ) and after 10 , 30 , and 60 min exposure to each experimental condition in a climate chamber . There was no significant change in brachial blood pressure between mild-cold and control conditions . However , compared to control , AP [ +2 mmHg , 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) 0.36-4.36 ; p = 0.01 ] and AIx ( +6 % , 95 % CI 1.24-10.1 ; p = 0.02 ) increased , and time to maximum P ex ( a component of reservoir function related to timing of peak aortic in-flow ) decreased ( -7 ms , 95 % CI -15.4 to 2.03 ; p = 0.01 ) compared to control . Yet there was no significant change in aortic PWV ( +0.04 m/s , 95 % CI -0.47 to 0.55 ; p = 0.87 ) or brachial PWV ( +0.36 m/s ; -0.41 to 1.12 ; p = 0.35 ) between conditions . We conclude that mild-cold exposure increases central haemodynamic stress and alters timing of peak aortic in-flow without differentially affecting arterial stiffness .
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Intervention_Physical
whole-body mild-cold exposure
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Intervention_Educational
whole-body mild-cold
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Outcome_Physical
arterial stiffness
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Outcome_Physical
central haemodynamics
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Outcome_Physical
Aortic pulse wave velocity ( PWV )
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Outcome_Physical
augmentation index ( AIx )
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Outcome_Physical
cardiovascular risk
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Outcome_Mortality
mortality
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Outcome_Physical
arterial stiffness ( aortic and brachial PWV )
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Outcome_Physical
on central haemodynamics [ including augmented pressure ( AP ) , AIx ]
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Outcome_Physical
aortic reservoir components
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Outcome_Physical
reservoir
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Outcome_Physical
excess pressures ( P ex )
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Participant_Condition
men
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Participant_Condition
women