58596
document
Development of the Therapist Empathy Scale . BACKGROUND Few measures exist to examine therapist empathy as it occurs in session . AIMS A 9-item observer rating scale , called the Therapist Empathy Scale ( TES ) , was developed based on Watson 's ( 1999 ) work to assess affective , cognitive , attitudinal , and attunement aspects of therapist empathy . The aim of this study was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability , internal consistency , and construct and criterion validity of the TES . METHOD Raters evaluated therapist empathy in 315 client sessions conducted by 91 therapists , using data from a multi-site therapist training trial ( Martino et al. , 2010 ) in Motivational Interviewing ( MI ) . RESULTS Inter-rater reliability ( ICC = .87 to .91 ) and internal consistency ( Cronbach 's alpha = .94 ) were high . Confirmatory factor analyses indicated some support for single-factor fit . Convergent validity was supported by correlations between TES scores and MI fundamental adherence ( r range .50 to .67 ) and competence scores ( r range .56 to .69 ) . Discriminant validity was indicated by negative or nonsignificant correlations between TES and MI-inconsistent behavior ( r range .05 to -.33 ) . CONCLUSIONS The TES demonstrates excellent inter-rater reliability and internal consistency . RESULTS indicate some support for a single-factor solution and convergent and discriminant validity . Future studies should examine the use of the TES to evaluate therapist empathy in different psychotherapy approaches and to determine the impact of therapist empathy on client outcome .
58597
Intervention_Physical
Therapist Empathy Scale
58598
Intervention_Educational
client sessions
58599
Intervention_Educational
Motivational Interviewing ( MI )
58600
Intervention_Psychological
.
58601
Outcome_Physical
Inter-rater reliability
58602
Outcome_Physical
internal consistency
58603
Outcome_Other
factor analyses
58604
Outcome_Other
Convergent validity
58605
Outcome_Other
TES scores and MI fundamental adherence
58606
Outcome_Other
competence scores
58607
Outcome_Other
Discriminant validity
58608
Participant_Condition
therapist
58609
Participant_Sample-size
315
58610
Participant_Condition
therapists
58611
Participant_Condition
Motivational Interviewing
58612
Participant_Condition
therapist