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Advice or exercise for chronic whiplash disorders ? Design of a randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND Whiplash-associated disorder ( or " whiplash " ) is a common condition incurring considerable expense in social and economic terms . A lack of research on effective therapy for patients with chronic whiplash associated disorders prompted the design of the current study . The primary aim of this randomised controlled trial is to determine the effects of a physical activity program for people with chronic ( symptoms of > 3 months duration ) whiplash . A secondary aim is to determine if pain severity , level of disability and fear of movement/ ( re ) injury predict response to a physical activity program . METHODS/DESIGN This paper presents the rationale and design of a randomised controlled trial examining the effects of advice and individualized sub-maximal exercise programs in the treatment of whiplash associated disorders . DISCUSSION This paper highlights the design , methods and operational aspects of a significant clinical trial in the area of whiplash and chronic pain .
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Intervention_Educational
advice and
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Intervention_Physical
individualized sub-maximal exercise programs
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Outcome_Physical
effects of a physical activity program for people with chronic ( symptoms of > 3 months duration ) whiplash
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Outcome_Pain
pain severity , level of disability and fear of movement/ ( re ) injury
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Outcome_Other
response
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Outcome_Physical
effects of advice and individualized sub-maximal exercise programs