64560
document
The effect of modified eggs and an egg-yolk based beverage on serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations and macular pigment optical density : results from a randomized trial . UNLABELLED Increasing evidence suggests a beneficial effect of lutein and zeaxanthin on the progression of age-related macular degeneration . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lutein or zeaxanthin enriched eggs or a lutein enriched egg-yolk based buttermilk beverage on serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations and macular pigment levels . Naturally enriched eggs were made by increasing the levels of the xanthophylls lutein and zeaxanthin in the feed given to laying hens . One hundred healthy volunteers were recruited and randomized into 5 groups for 90 days . Group one added one normal egg to their daily diet and group two received a lutein enriched egg-yolk based beverage . Group three added one lutein enriched egg and group four one zeaxanthin enriched egg to their diet . Group five was the control group and individuals in this group did not modify their daily diet . Serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations and macular pigment densities were obtained at baseline , day 45 and day 90 . Macular pigment density was measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry . Serum lutein concentration in the lutein enriched egg and egg yolk-based beverage groups increased significantly ( p < 0.001 , 76 % and 77 % ) . A strong increase in the serum zeaxanthin concentration was observed in individuals receiving zeaxanthin enriched eggs ( P < 0.001 , 430 % ) . No changes were observed in macular pigment density in the various groups tested . The results indicate that daily consumption of lutein or zeaxanthin enriched egg yolks as well as an egg yolk-based beverage show increases in serum lutein and zeaxanthin levels that are comparable with a daily use of 5 mg supplements . TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00527553 .
64561
Intervention_Pharmacological
modified eggs and an egg-yolk based beverage
64562
Intervention_Educational
lutein
64563
Intervention_Pharmacological
lutein or zeaxanthin enriched eggs or a lutein enriched egg-yolk based buttermilk beverage
64564
Intervention_Pharmacological
Naturally enriched eggs
64565
Intervention_Pharmacological
zeaxanthin
64566
Intervention_Control
one normal egg to their daily diet
64567
Intervention_Pharmacological
lutein enriched egg-yolk based beverage
64568
Intervention_Pharmacological
one lutein enriched egg
64569
Intervention_Pharmacological
group four one zeaxanthin enriched egg to their diet
64570
Intervention_Control
control group
64571
Intervention_Pharmacological
zeaxanthin enriched eggs
64572
Intervention_Pharmacological
lutein or zeaxanthin enriched egg yolks
64573
Outcome_Physical
serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations
64574
Outcome_Physical
Serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations
64575
Outcome_Physical
macular pigment densities
64576
Outcome_Physical
Macular pigment density
64577
Outcome_Physical
Serum lutein concentration
64578
Outcome_Physical
serum zeaxanthin concentration
64579
Outcome_Physical
macular pigment density
64580
Outcome_Physical
serum lutein and zeaxanthin levels
64581
Participant_Condition
serum lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations
64582
Participant_Sample-size
One hundred
64583
Participant_Condition
healthy