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document
Humoral immune response to tetanus-diphtheria vaccine given during extended use of chloroquine or primaquine malaria chemoprophylaxis . Immune suppression resulting from prolonged chemoprophylaxis and potential drug-vaccine interaction were investigated within the context of a randomized placebo-controlled trial that compared daily primaquine or weekly chloroquine administration for malaria prevention . After 11 months of prophylaxis , adult male subjects received a tetanus-diphtheria ( Td ) vaccination . Prophylaxis continued 4 weeks longer . Anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria antibody levels were measured by ELISA at baseline and at 1 , 3 , 7 , and 14 months after Td vaccination . All groups were comparable at baseline . Immunization triggered significant increases in anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria IgG levels over each group 's pre-Td baseline levels and those of an unvaccinated control group . Geometric mean anti-tetanus titers ( GMTs ) in the primaquine group were significantly higher than those of the placebo group at 1 , 3 , and 14 months . Anti-tetanus GMTs in placebo and chloroquine groups declined over 14 months to levels comparable to those of unvaccinated controls , but levels in the primaquine group remained significantly higher than in controls .
91857
Intervention_Pharmacological
tetanus-diphtheria vaccine
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Intervention_Pharmacological
chloroquine
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Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine malaria chemoprophylaxis
91860
Intervention_Control
placebo-controlled
91861
Intervention_Pharmacological
primaquine
91862
Intervention_Pharmacological
chloroquine
91863
Intervention_Pharmacological
tetanus-diphtheria ( Td ) vaccination
91864
Intervention_Pharmacological
ELISA
91865
Intervention_Pharmacological
placebo
91866
Intervention_Control
placebo
91867
Outcome_Physical
Humoral immune response
91868
Outcome_Physical
Immune suppression
91869
Outcome_Physical
Anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria antibody levels
91870
Outcome_Physical
ELISA
91871
Outcome_Physical
anti-tetanus and anti-diphtheria IgG levels
91872
Outcome_Physical
Geometric mean anti-tetanus titers ( GMTs )
91873
Outcome_Physical
Anti-tetanus GMTs
91874
Participant_Age
adult
91875
Participant_Sex
male