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document
The role of choice in health education intervention trials : a review and case study . Although the randomized , controlled trial ( RCT ) is considered the gold standard in research for determining the efficacy of health education interventions , such trials may be vulnerable to " preference effects " ; that is , differential outcomes depending on whether an individual is randomized to his or her preferred treatment . In this study , we review theoretical and empirical literature regarding designs that account for such effects in medical research , and consider the appropriateness of these designs to health education research . To illustrate the application of a preference design to health education research , we present analyses using process data from a mixed RCT/preference trial comparing two formats ( Group or Self-Directed ) of the " Women take PRIDE " heart disease management program . Results indicate that being able to choose one 's program format did not significantly affect the decision to participate in the study . However , women who chose the Group format were over 4 times as likely to attend at least one class and were twice as likely to attend a greater number of classes than those who were randomized to the Group format . Several predictors of format preference were also identified , with important implications for targeting disease-management education to this population .
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Intervention_Psychological
Group
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Intervention_Psychological
Self-Directed )
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Intervention_Psychological
Group format
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Intervention_Psychological
randomized to the Group format .
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Outcome_Mental
decision to participate
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Participant_Sex
Women
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Participant_Condition
heart disease
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Participant_Sex
women