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document
Pegylated feline granulocyte colony-stimulating factor increases neutrophil levels in cats . Neutropenia can often be corrected by treatment with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) and off-label use of commercial human G-CSF ( HuG-CSF ) is a commonly used treatment for neutropenic animals . However , long-term HuG-CSF treatment can be associated with adverse effects , including neutropenia . Here , feline ( Fe ) G-CSF was produced in Pichia pastoris , pegylated ( Peg ) FeG-CSF and tested in cats . A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of PegFeG-CSF compared to FeG-CSF or HuG-CSF in FIV-infected ( n=14 ) , FIV-uninfected healthy cats ( n=19 ) , and in HuG-CSF-induced neutropenic cats ( n=4 ) . Daily FeG-CSF doses induced higher neutrophil production than HuG-CSF after the second week of treatment ( P ⩽ 0.002 ) . Weekly doses of PegFeG-CSF induced higher neutrophil counts and showed greater sustained activity than weekly doses of FeG-CSF . PegFeG-CSF provided the most therapeutic and sustainable neutrophil production ( P < 0.001 ) in both FIV-uninfected and FIV-infected cats , without the development of neutralizing antibodies . Conversely , all HuG-CSF-treated cats developed neutralizing antibodies , suggesting cross-reactive antibodies to endogenous G-CSF in a majority of the cases with severe neutropenia . Strikingly , when PegFeG-CSF was used to rescue cats with HuG-CSF-induced neutropenia , clinically normal neutrophil numbers returned . Thus , PegFeG-CSF appears to be a superior treatment for neutropenia in feline patients .
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Intervention_Physical
Pegylated feline granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
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Intervention_Physical
granulocyte-colony stimulating factor ( G-CSF
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Intervention_Physical
off-label use of commercial human G-CSF ( HuG-CSF
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Intervention_Control
HuG-CSF treatment
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Intervention_Physical
PegFeG-CSF
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Intervention_Physical
FeG-CSF
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Intervention_Physical
HuG-CSF
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Intervention_Physical
FeG-CSF
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Intervention_Physical
HuG-CSF
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Intervention_Pharmacological
PegFeG-CSF
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Intervention_Pharmacological
FeG-CSF
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Intervention_Pharmacological
PegFeG-CSF
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Intervention_Pharmacological
HuG-CSF-treated
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Intervention_Pharmacological
PegFeG-CSF
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Intervention_Pharmacological
HuG-CSF-induced
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Intervention_Pharmacological
PegFeG-CSF
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Outcome_Adverse-effects
adverse effects
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Outcome_Physical
neutropenia .
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Outcome_Other
efficacy
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Outcome_Physical
higher neutrophil production
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Outcome_Physical
PegFeG-CSF induced higher neutrophil counts
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Outcome_Mental
showed greater sustained activity
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Outcome_Physical
sustainable neutrophil production
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Outcome_Physical
of neutralizing antibodies
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Outcome_Physical
developed neutralizing antibodies
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Outcome_Physical
HuG-CSF-induced neutropenia
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Outcome_Physical
normal neutrophil numbers
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Participant_Condition
neutropenic animals
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Participant_Condition
FIV-infected
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Participant_Sample-size
n=14
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Participant_Condition
FIV-uninfected healthy cats
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Participant_Sample-size
n=19
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Participant_Condition
FIV-uninfected
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Participant_Condition
FIV-infected cats
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Participant_Condition
HuG-CSF-treated cats
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Participant_Condition
in feline patients