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document
Comparison of regimens of amphotericin B deoxycholate in kala-azar . A total of 288 parasitologically proved patients of kala-azar were randomly allocated to three treatment groups . Patients in groups A , B and C received amphotericin B ( AMB ) in a dose of 1 mg/kg body weight ( bw ) /day , 0.75 mg/kg bw/day and 0.5 mg/kg bw/day for 20 days respectively . Apparent cure ( afebrile at the end of therapy ) occurred in all patients and parasitological cure in 96 ( 100 % ) , 92 ( 96 % ) and 84 ( 88 % ) patients respectively in groups A , B and C. Ultimate cure ( no relapse in six months of follow up ) occurred in 95 ( 99 % ) , 87 ( 91 % ) and 79 ( 82 % ) patients in groups A , B and C respectively . The difference between the ultimate cure in the three groups was significant ( P < 0.05 ) . The incidence of adverse events ( rise in serum creatinine and fall in serum potassium , loss of appetite and shivering , rigor and fever during infusion indicative of renal , GIT and infusion related toxicities respectively ) was similar in the three groups . This study showed that amphotericin B should be given at a dosage of 1 mg/kg bw/day for 20 days for Indian kala-azar patients to minimise relapses and prevent development of drug unresponsiveness .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
amphotericin B deoxycholate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
amphotericin B ( AMB )
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Intervention_Pharmacological
amphotericin B
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Outcome_Physical
parasitological cure
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Outcome_Other
ultimate cure
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Outcome_Adverse-effects
adverse events ( rise in serum creatinine and fall in serum potassium , loss of appetite and shivering
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Outcome_Other
drug unresponsiveness
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Participant_Condition
kala-azar
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Participant_Sample-size
288
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Participant_Condition
parasitologically proved patients of kala-azar
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Participant_Condition
Indian kala-azar patients