34610
document
Effect of erythromycin and gentamicin on abomasal emptying rate in suckling calves . BACKGROUND Commonly used dosage protocols for antimicrobial agents may alter the rate of gastric emptying . HYPOTHESIS Parenteral administration of erythromycin increases and gentamicin decreases the rate of abomasal emptying . ANIMALS Five male Holstein-Friesian calves ( 8-15 days of age ) . METHODS Calves received each of the following 4 IM treatments in random order : control , 2 mL of 0.9 % NaCl ; erythromycin , 8.8 mg/kg ; low-dose gentamicin , 4.4 mg/kg ; high-dose gentamicin , 6.6 mg/kg . Abomasal emptying rate was assessed by acetaminophen and glucose absorption . Calves were fed 2 L of cow 's milk containing acetaminophen ( 50 mg/kg body weight ) 30 minutes after each treatment was administered , and jugular venous blood samples were obtained periodically after suckling . The maximum observed plasma acetaminophen concentration ( actual C ( max ) ) and time of actual C ( max ) ( actual T ( max ) ) were determined , and pharmacokinetic modeling was used to calculate model C ( max ) and model T ( max ) . RESULTS Erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate , as indicated by a shorter time to actual T ( max ) and model T ( max ) ( P < .05 ) . Abomasal emptying rate after injection of low-dose gentamicin was similar to that of control . Administration of high-dose gentamicin resulted in a longer time to actual T ( max ) ( P= .021 ) but did not change model T ( max ) ( P= .62 ) . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE IM injection of erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate in dairy calves , whereas low-dose and high-dose gentamicin did not alter the rate of abomasal emptying as measured by acetaminophen kinetics and glucose absorption . The clinical relevance of these findings remains to be determined .
34611
Intervention_Pharmacological
erythromycin
34612
Intervention_Pharmacological
gentamicin
34613
Intervention_Pharmacological
erythromycin
34614
Intervention_Control
control
34615
Intervention_Pharmacological
erythromycin
34616
Intervention_Pharmacological
low-dose gentamicin
34617
Intervention_Pharmacological
high-dose gentamicin
34618
Intervention_Pharmacological
acetaminophen
34619
Outcome_Other
abomasal emptying rate
34620
Outcome_Physical
gastric emptying
34621
Outcome_Physical
abomasal emptying
34622
Outcome_Physical
Abomasal emptying
34623
Outcome_Physical
acetaminophen and glucose absorption
34624
Outcome_Physical
plasma acetaminophen concentration
34625
Outcome_Physical
time of actual C ( max ) ( actual T ( max ) )
34626
Outcome_Physical
abomasal emptying rate
34627
Outcome_Physical
Abomasal emptying rate
34628
Outcome_Physical
time to actual T ( max )
34629
Outcome_Physical
model T ( max )
34630
Outcome_Physical
abomasal emptying rate
34631
Outcome_Physical
rate of abomasal emptying