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document
Long-term decrease in bladder cancer recurrence with hexaminolevulinate enabled fluorescence cystoscopy . PURPOSE We assessed the impact of hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopic detection of papillary , nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer on the long-term recurrence rate . MATERIALS AND METHODS Long-term followup was assessed in 551 participants enrolled in a prospective , randomized study of fluorescence cystoscopy for Ta or T1 urothelial bladder cancer . In the original study 280 patients in the white light cystoscopy group and 271 in the fluorescence cystoscopy group were followed with cystoscopy for 3 , 6 and 9 months after initial resection or until recurrence . A study extension protocol was done for long-term followup of these patients . RESULTS Followup information was obtained for 261 of the 280 patients ( 93 % ) in the white light group and 255 of the 271 ( 94 % ) in the fluorescence group . Median followup in the white light and fluorescence groups was 53.0 and 55.1 months , and 83 ( 31.8 % ) and 97 patients ( 38 % ) remained tumor free , respectively . Median time to recurrence was 9.4 months in the white light group and 16.4 months in the fluorescence group ( p = 0.04 ) . The intravesical therapy rate was similar in the 2 groups ( 46 % and 45 % , respectively ) . Cystectomy was done in 22 of 280 cases ( 7.9 % ) in the white light group and in 13 of the 271 ( 4.8 % ) in the fluorescence group ( p = 0.16 ) . CONCLUSIONS Hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy significantly improves long-term bladder cancer time to recurrence with a trend toward improved bladder preservation .
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Intervention_Physical
hexaminolevulinate enabled fluorescence cystoscopy
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Intervention_Physical
hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopic detection
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence cystoscopy for Ta or T1 urothelial bladder cancer
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Intervention_Physical
white light cystoscopy
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence cystoscopy
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Intervention_Physical
cystoscopy
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Intervention_Physical
white light
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence
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Intervention_Physical
white light
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence
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Intervention_Physical
white light
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence
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Intervention_Physical
Cystectomy
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Intervention_Physical
white light
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Intervention_Physical
fluorescence
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Intervention_Physical
Hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy
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Outcome_Physical
bladder cancer recurrence
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Outcome_Physical
long-term recurrence rate
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Outcome_Physical
Median time to recurrence
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Outcome_Other
intravesical therapy rate
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Outcome_Physical
long-term bladder cancer time to recurrence