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Pseudoephedrine and preexercise feeding : influence on performance . PURPOSE This study examined the influence of preexercise food intake on plasma pseudoephedrine ( PSE ) concentrations and subsequent high-intensity exercise . In addition , urinary PSE concentrations were measured under the same conditions and compared with the present threshold of the World Anti-Doping Agency ( WADA ) . METHODS Ten highly trained male cyclists and triathletes ( age = 30.6 ± 6.6 yr , body mass [ BM ] = 72.9 ± 5.1 kg , and V˙O2max = 64.8 ± 4.5 mL·kg·min ; mean ± SD ) undertook four cycling time trials ( TT ) , each requiring the completion of a set amount of work ( 7 kJ·kg BM ) in the shortest possible time . Participants were randomized into a fed or nonfed condition and orally ingested 2.8 mg·kg BM of PSE or a placebo ( PLA ) 90 min before exercise ; in the fed trials , they consumed a meal providing 1.5 g·kg BM of CHO . Venous blood was sampled at 30 , 50 , and 70 min and pre-warm-up and postexercise for the analysis of plasma PSE and catecholamine concentrations , and urine was also collected for the analysis of PSE concentration . RESULTS Independent of the preexercise meal , 2.8 mg·kg BM of PSE did not significantly improve cycling TT performance . The fed trials resulted in lower plasma PSE concentrations at all time points compared with the nonfed trials . Both plasma epinephrine and blood lactate concentrations were higher in the PSE compared with the PLA trials , and preexercise and postexercise urinary PSE concentrations were significantly higher than the threshold ( 150 μg·mL ) used by WADA to determine illicit PSE use . CONCLUSION Irrespective of the preexercise meal , cycling TT performance of approximately 30 min was not improved after PSE supplementation . Furthermore , 2.8 mg·kg BM of PSE taken 90 min before exercise , with or without food , resulted in urinary PSE concentrations exceeding the present WADA threshold .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Pseudoephedrine
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Intervention_Physical
preexercise feeding :
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Outcome_Mental
performance
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Outcome_Physical
plasma pseudoephedrine ( PSE ) concentrations
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Outcome_Physical
subsequent
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Outcome_Mental
high-intensity exercise
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Outcome_Physical
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