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Randomized trial of early developmental intervention on outcomes in children after birth asphyxia in developing countries . OBJECTIVE To determine if early developmental intervention ( EDI ) improves developmental abilities in resuscitated children . STUDY DESIGN This was a parallel group , randomized controlled trial of infants unresponsive to stimulation who received bag and mask ventilation as part of their resuscitation at birth and infants who did not require any resuscitation born in rural communities in India , Pakistan , and Zambia . Intervention infants received a parent-implemented EDI delivered with home visits by parent trainers every other week for 3 years starting the first month after birth . Parents in both intervention and control groups received health and safety counseling during home visits on the same schedule . The main outcome measure was the Mental Development Index ( MDI ) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development , 2nd edition , assessed at 36 months by evaluators unaware of treatment group and resuscitation history . RESULTS MDI was higher in the EDI ( 102.6 ± 9.8 ) compared with the control resuscitated children ( 98.0 ± 14.6 , 1-sided P = .0202 ) , but there was no difference between groups in the nonresuscitated children ( 100.1 ± 10.7 vs 97.7 ± 10.4 , P = .1392 ) . The Psychomotor Development Index was higher in the EDI group for both the resuscitated ( P = .0430 ) and nonresuscitated children ( P = .0164 ) . CONCLUSIONS This trial of home-based , parent provided EDI in children resuscitated at birth provides evidence of treatment benefits on cognitive and psychomotor outcomes . MDI and Psychomotor Development Index scores of both nonresuscitated and resuscitated infants were within normal range , independent of early intervention .
57460
Intervention_Physical
early developmental intervention
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Intervention_Physical
early developmental intervention
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Intervention_Physical
bag and mask ventilation
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Intervention_Physical
parent-implemented EDI
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Intervention_Educational
health and safety counseling
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Outcome_Physical
birth asphyxia
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Outcome_Mental
Mental Development Index ( MDI )
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Outcome_Mental
MDI
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Condition
birth asphyxia
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Participant_Condition
resuscitated
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Age
infants
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Participant_Age
infants
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Participant_Age
infants