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document
The impact of emotional distress on HIV risk reduction among women . This study evaluated whether 333 seronegative African American female drug users ( aged 18-59 years ) participating in an HIV intervention and with higher levels of emotional distress , specifically symptoms of depression and anxiety , reduced HIV risk behaviors to a lesser extent than those with lower levels of emotional distress . Participants were recruited between June 1998 and January 2001 from inner-city Atlanta ( Georgia , U.S. ) neighborhoods and were randomly assigned to one of two enhanced gender-specific and culturally specific HIV intervention conditions or to the NIDA standard condition . Participants were interviewed at baseline , post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up with a structured questionnaire including information on sociodemographics , sexual and drug-using behavior , and psychosocial characteristics . Despite a significant decline in symptoms of emotional distress during the study period , the women in this sample reported high levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms at baseline and 6-month follow-up . Higher levels of emotional distress were positively associated with post-intervention sexual and drug-taking risk . Women in both enhanced intervention conditions reduced their sexual and drug-taking risks more than women in the standard intervention . Those in the motivation intervention arm experienced a greater reduction in depressive symptoms , accompanied by a greater reduction in sexual risk behavior . Findings suggest the need for effective interventions and mental health resources among subgroups of high-risk women who may be most resistant to behavioral change .
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Intervention_Educational
emotional distress
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Intervention_Educational
HIV intervention
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Intervention_Educational
enhanced gender-specific and culturally specific HIV intervention
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Intervention_Other
structured questionnaire
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Intervention_Educational
enhanced intervention conditions
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Intervention_Educational
standard intervention
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Intervention_Psychological
motivation intervention
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Outcome_Physical
HIV risk reduction
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Outcome_Mental
depressive and anxiety symptoms
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Outcome_Mental
Higher levels of emotional distress
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Outcome_Mental
post-intervention sexual and drug-taking risk
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Outcome_Mental
sexual and drug-taking risks
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Outcome_Mental
depressive symptoms
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Outcome_Mental
sexual risk behavior