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document
Why distinctive information reduces false memories : evidence for both impoverished relational-encoding and distinctiveness heuristic accounts . Two accounts explain why studying pictures reduces false memories within the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm ( J. Deese , 1959 ; H. L. Roediger & K. B. McDermott , 1995 ) . The impoverished relational-encoding account suggests that studying pictures interferes with the encoding of relational information , which is the primary basis for false memories in this paradigm . Alternatively , the distinctiveness heuristic assumes that critical lures are actively withheld by the use of a retrieval strategy . When participants were given inclusion recall instructions to report studied items as well as related items , they still reported critical lures less often after picture encoding than they did after word encoding . As the impoverished relational-encoding account suggests , critical lures appear less likely to come to mind after picture encoding than they do after word encoding . However , the results from a postrecall recognition test provide evidence in favor of the distinctiveness heuristic .
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Intervention_Educational
distinctive information
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Intervention_Educational
studying pictures
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Intervention_Educational
studying pictures
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Intervention_Educational
retrieval strategy .
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Intervention_Educational
inclusion recall instructions to report studied items as well as related items
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Intervention_Educational
picture encoding
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Intervention_Educational
word encoding .
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Intervention_Educational
postrecall recognition test
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Outcome_Physical
false memories :
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Outcome_Physical
false memories
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Outcome_Physical
pictures
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Outcome_Physical
critical lures
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Outcome_Physical
reported critical lures
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Outcome_Physical
critical lures
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Outcome_Physical
postrecall recognition
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Participant_Condition
impoverished relational-encoding
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Participant_Condition
distinctiveness heuristic accounts
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Participant_Condition
inclusion recall instructions