86437
document
Effects of interaction of RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate and fish oil on low-density-lipoprotein oxidation in postmenopausal women with and without hormone-replacement therapy . We evaluated the effects of RRR-alpha-tocpheryl acetate ( alpha-tocopheryl acetate ) and hormone-replacement therapy ( HRT ) on the oxidative susceptibility of low-density lipoprotein ( LDL ) in postmenopausal women consuming a fish oil supplement . The independent effect of fish oil was also assessed . Forty-eight women , equally divided between women using and not using HRT , participated in a double-blind crossover trial . Each of the four periods lasted 5 wk and was followed by a 4-wk washout interval . During each period all subjects were given a 15-g supplement of fish oil and either 0 ( placebo ) , 100 , 200 , or 400 mg alpha-tocopheryl acetate daily . LDL resistance to oxidative modification was assessed by calculating lag time , propagation rate , and maximum production of conjugated dienes . Supplementation with fish oil and placebo shortened lag time and slowed propagation rate in women both using and not using HRT . After subjects consumed fish oil , supplementation with alpha-tocopheryl acetate increased plasma and LDL alpha-tocopherol contents significantly and lengthened lag time ( at even the lowest concentration ) but had no significant effect on propagation rate or maximum production compared with values measured after consumption of fish oil alone . Women not using HRT had faster propagation rates and higher maximum production than women using HRT ; after supplementation with fish oil and alpha-tocopheryl acetate these differences prevailed . Supplements as low as 100 mg alpha-tocopheryl acetate/d increase the resistance of LDL to oxidation when fish oil supplements are used . HRT and fish oil supplements may independently affect LDL oxidative susceptibility .
86438
Intervention_Pharmacological
RRR-alpha-tocopheryl acetate
86439
Intervention_Pharmacological
fish oil
86440
Intervention_Pharmacological
hormone-replacement therapy
86441
Intervention_Pharmacological
RRR-alpha-tocpheryl acetate ( alpha-tocopheryl acetate )
86442
Intervention_Pharmacological
hormone-replacement therapy ( HRT )
86443
Intervention_Pharmacological
fish oil supplement
86444
Intervention_Pharmacological
HRT
86445
Intervention_Control
( placebo )
86446
Intervention_Pharmacological
alpha-tocopheryl acetate
86447
Intervention_Control
placebo
86448
Intervention_Pharmacological
alpha-tocopheryl
86449
Outcome_Other
effect
86450
Outcome_Physical
LDL resistance to oxidative modification
86451
Outcome_Physical
lag time
86452
Outcome_Physical
propagation rate
86453
Outcome_Physical
maximum production of conjugated dienes
86454
Outcome_Physical
lag time
86455
Outcome_Physical
propagation rate
86456
Outcome_Physical
plasma and LDL alpha-tocopherol contents
86457
Outcome_Physical
lengthened lag time
86458
Outcome_Physical
propagation rate
86459
Outcome_Physical
maximum production
86460
Outcome_Physical
propagation rates
86461
Outcome_Physical
maximum production
86462
Outcome_Physical
resistance of LDL to oxidation
86463
Outcome_Physical
LDL oxidative susceptibility
86464
Participant_Condition
postmenopausal
86465
Participant_Sex
women
86466
Participant_Condition
hormone-replacement therapy
86467
Participant_Condition
postmenopausal
86468
Participant_Sex
women
86469
Participant_Sample-size
Forty-eight
86470
Participant_Condition
women
86471
Participant_Condition
women
86472
Participant_Condition
HRT