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Effects of 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS ) on clinical global impression in chronic schizophrenia . UNLABELLED We conducted a randomized , sham-controlled repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS ) study in chronic schizophrenia in-patients ( n=35 ) to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 10 Hz stimulation . Patients , who were on stable antipsychotic treatment , were randomly assigned to the active or sham condition . In the active rTMS group , ten sessions with a total of 10,000 stimuli were applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 110 % of motor threshold . The sham group received corresponding sham stimulation . Clinical improvement was measured by the Clinical Global Impression scale ( primary outcome measure ) , the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale ( GAF ) and the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale ( PANSS ; secondary outcome measures ) . Between-group comparisons revealed no significant differences in clinical outcome variables . Only a subgroup of patients with pronounced negative symptoms developed some clinical improvement as indicated by significant changes in the GAF-scale . Besides there is some evidence for a more favourable clinical outcome within this subgroup after rTMS in the CGI-S and PANSS negative scale , too . In line with earlier investigations , our results suggest a moderate - potentially clinically relevant - treatment effect of prefrontal 10 Hz rTMS stimulation in chronic patients . However , in our study this beneficial effect was restricted to subjects with pronounced negative symptoms . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier : NCT00169689 , http : //www.clinicaltrials.gov .
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Intervention_Physical
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS )
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Intervention_Surgical
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation ( rTMS
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Intervention_Surgical
10 Hz
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Intervention_Surgical
rTMS
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Intervention_Control
sham stimulation
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Intervention_Surgical
rTMS
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Intervention_Physical
prefrontal 10 Hz rTMS
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Outcome_Physical
Between-group comparisons revealed
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Outcome_Other
no significant differences in clinical outcome variables
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Outcome_Physical
Only a subgroup of patients with pronounced negative symptoms developed some
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Outcome_Other
clinical improvement as indicated by significant changes in the GAF-scale
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Outcome_Physical
there is some evidence for a
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Outcome_Other
more favourable clinical outcome
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Outcome_Physical
within this subgroup after rTMS in the CGI-S and PANSS negative scale , too
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Outcome_Physical
results suggest a
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Outcome_Other
moderate - potentially clinically relevant - treatment effect
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Outcome_Physical
of
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Outcome_Other
prefrontal 10 Hz rTMS stimulation
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Outcome_Physical
in chronic patients
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Participant_Condition
chronic schizophrenia
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Participant_Condition
chronic schizophrenia
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Participant_Sample-size
n=35
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Participant_Condition
stable antipsychotic treatment
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Participant_Condition
chronic