29646
document
Positive effects of methylphenidate on inattention and hyperactivity in pervasive developmental disorders : an analysis of secondary measures . BACKGROUND Methylphenidate has been shown elsewhere to improve hyperactivity in about half of treated children who have pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD ) and significant hyperactive-inattentive symptoms . We present secondary analyses to better define the scope of effects of methylphenidate on symptoms that define attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD ) , as well as the core autistic symptom domain of repetitive behavior . METHODS Sixty-six children ( mean age 7.5 y ) with autistic disorder , Asperger 's disorder , and PDD not otherwise specified , were randomized to varying sequences of placebo and three different doses of methylphenidate during a 4-week blinded , crossover study . Methylphenidate doses used approximated .125 , .25 , and .5 mg/kg per dose , twice daily , with an additional half-dose in the late afternoon . Outcome measures included the Swanson , Nolan , and Pelham Questionnaire revised for DSM-IV ( ADHD and ODD scales ) and the Children 's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scales for PDD . RESULTS Methylphenidate was associated with significant improvement that was most evident at the .25- and .5-mg/kg doses . Hyperactivity and impulsivity improved more than inattention . There were not significant effects on ODD or stereotyped and repetitive behavior . CONCLUSIONS Convergent evidence from different assessments and raters confirms methylphenidate 's efficacy in relieving ADHD symptoms in some children with PDD . Optimal dose analyses suggested significant interindividual variability in dose response .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
methylphenidate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Methylphenidate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
methylphenidate
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Intervention_Control
placebo
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Intervention_Pharmacological
methylphenidate
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Outcome_Mental
inattention
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Outcome_Mental
hyperactivity
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Outcome_Mental
hyperactivity
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Outcome_Other
Swanson , Nolan , and Pelham Questionnaire revised for DSM-IV ( ADHD and ODD scales )
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Outcome_Other
Children 's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scales for PDD
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Outcome_Mental
Hyperactivity and impulsivity
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Outcome_Mental
inattention
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Outcome_Mental
ODD or stereotyped and repetitive behavior .
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Outcome_Other
efficacy
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Outcome_Physical
ADHD symptoms
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Participant_Condition
inattention and hyperactivity
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Participant_Condition
pervasive developmental disorders
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Participant_Condition
pervasive developmental disorders ( PDD )
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Participant_Condition
significant hyperactive-inattentive symptoms
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Participant_Sample-size
Sixty-six
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Age
mean age 7.5 y
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Participant_Condition
autistic disorder , Asperger 's disorder , and PDD
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Participant_Age
children
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Participant_Condition
PDD