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Covariation of adolescent physical activity and dietary behaviors over 12 months . PURPOSE This study examined covariation among changes in dietary , physical activity , and sedentary behaviors over 12 months among adolescents participating in a health behavior intervention . Evidence of covariation among behaviors would suggest multi-behavior interventions could have synergistic effects . METHODS Prospective analyses were conducted with baseline and 12-month assessments from a randomized controlled trial to promote improved diet , physical activity , and sedentary behaviors ( experimental condition ) or SUN protection behaviors ( comparison condition ) . Participants were adolescent girls and boys ( N = 878 ) aged 11-15 years on entry . The main outcomes were : diet , based on multiple 24-hour recalls ( total fat , grams of fiber , servings of fruit and vegetables , total calories ) ; average daily energy expenditure ( kcals/kg ) based on 7-day physical activity recall interviews ; daily minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity minutes from accelerometery ; and self-reported daily hours of sedentary behavior . RESULTS Covariation was found between fat and calories ( r = .16 ) , fiber and calories ( r = .53 ) , fiber and fruit/vegetables ( r = .53 ) , calories and fruit/vegetables ( r = .34 ) , and fruit and vegetables and sedentary behavior ( r = -.12 ) for the total sample ( all p values < .01 ) . The pattern of findings was similar for most subgroups defined by gender and study condition . CONCLUSIONS The strongest covariation was observed for diet variables that are inherently related ( calories and fat , fiber , and fruit/vegetables ) . Little covariation was detected within or between other diet , physical activity and sedentary behavior domains suggesting that interventions to improve these behaviors in adolescents need to include specific program components for each target behavior of interest .
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Intervention_Physical
adolescent physical activity
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Intervention_Physical
dietary behaviors
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Intervention_Pharmacological
dietary
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Intervention_Physical
physical activity
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Intervention_Educational
sedentary behaviors
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Intervention_Educational
sedentary behaviors ( experimental condition
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Intervention_Educational
SUN protection behaviors
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Outcome_Physical
adolescent physical activity
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Outcome_Mental
dietary behaviors
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Outcome_Mental
diet
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Outcome_Mental
physical activity
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Outcome_Mental
sedentary behaviors
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Outcome_Mental
SUN protection behaviors
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Outcome_Mental
diet
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Outcome_Mental
average daily energy expenditure
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Outcome_Mental
daily minutes of moderate-vigorous physical activity
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Outcome_Mental
self-reported daily hours of sedentary behavior
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Outcome_Physical
fiber and fruit/vegetables
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Outcome_Physical
calories and fruit/vegetables
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Outcome_Physical
fruit and vegetables
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Outcome_Mental
sedentary behavior
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Outcome_Mental
diet variables
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Outcome_Mental
diet
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Outcome_Mental
physical activity
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Outcome_Mental
sedentary behavior
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Participant_Age
adolescent
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Participant_Condition
health behavior intervention
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Participant_Sex
girls
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Participant_Sex
boys
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Participant_Sample-size
878
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Participant_Age
11-15