33904
document
Short-term aerobic exercise training in obese humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus improves whole-body insulin sensitivity through gains in peripheral , not hepatic insulin sensitivity . CONTEXT Short-term aerobic exercise training can improve whole-body insulin sensitivity in humans with type 2 diabetes mellitus ; however , the contributions of peripheral and hepatic tissues to these improvements are not known . OBJECTIVE Our objective was to determine the effect of 7-d aerobic exercise training on peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity during isoglycemic/hyperinsulinemic clamp conditions . DESIGN Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups . The energy balance group consumed an isocaloric diet consisting of 50 % carbohydrate , 30 % fat , and 20 % protein for 15 d. The energy balance plus exercise group consumed a similar diet over the 15 d and performed 50-min of treadmill walking at 70 % of maximum oxygen consumption maximum during the second 7 d of the 15-d study period . Each subject underwent an initial isoglycemic/hyperinsulinemic clamp after 1-wk dietary control and a second clamp after completing the study . SETTING The study was performed at Ohio State University 's General Clinical Research Center . PARTICIPANTS There were 18 obese , mildly diabetic humans included in the study . INTERVENTION Aerobic exercise training was performed for 7 d. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Whole-body , peripheral , and hepatic insulin sensitivity were measured . RESULTS Exercise training did not have an impact on peripheral glucose uptake or endogenous glucose production during the basal state or low-dose insulin . Likewise , it did not alter endogenous glucose production during high-dose insulin . However , 1-wk of exercise training increased both whole-body ( P < 0.05 ) and peripheral insulin sensitivity ( P < 0.0001 ) during high-dose insulin . CONCLUSION Improvements to whole body insulin sensitivity after short-term aerobic exercise training are due to gains in peripheral , not heptic insulin sensitivity .
33905
Intervention_Physical
Short-term aerobic exercise training
33906
Intervention_Physical
Short-term aerobic exercise training
33907
Intervention_Physical
aerobic exercise
33908
Intervention_Physical
energy balance
33909
Intervention_Physical
an isocaloric diet consisting of 50 % carbohydrate , 30 % fat , and 20 % protein for 15 d.
33910
Intervention_Physical
energy balance plus exercise
33911
Intervention_Physical
similar diet over the 15 d and performed 50-min of treadmill walking at 70 % of maximum oxygen consumption maximum during the second 7 d of the 15-d study period .
33912
Intervention_Surgical
isoglycemic/hyperinsulinemic clamp
33913
Intervention_Physical
Aerobic exercise training
33914
Intervention_Physical
Exercise training
33915
Intervention_Physical
exercise training
33916
Intervention_Physical
short-term aerobic exercise
33917
Outcome_Physical
whole-body insulin sensitivity
33918
Outcome_Physical
Whole-body , peripheral , and hepatic insulin sensitivity
33919
Outcome_Physical
peripheral glucose uptake or endogenous glucose production
33920
Outcome_Physical
endogenous glucose production
33921
Outcome_Physical
whole-body ( P < 0.05 ) and peripheral insulin sensitivity