88061
document
Inhibition of epidural morphine-induced pruritus by intravenous droperidol . The effect of increasing the doses of morphine and of droperidol . BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Because the mechanism of inhibition of epidural morphine-induced pruritus by droperidol is not clear , this study was undertaken to determine the effects of larger doses of droperidol or morphine , or both . METHODS A double-blind study was performed in 210 ASA I or II patients undergoing cesarean delivery , who were randomly assigned to six groups . All patients received epidural anesthesia with 0.5 % bupivacaine containing 1:200,000 epinephrine , to which 2 mg ( groups 1 , 2 , and 3 ) or 4 mg ( groups 4 , 5 , and 6 ) morphine sulfate was added . Just after delivery , 2.5 mg droperidol was given intravenously to groups 2 and 5 , and 5 mg was given to groups 3 and 6 . During the postoperative period , the patients were assessed for the occurrence and severity of pruritus ( classified as absent , mild , moderate , or severe ) or other untoward symptoms . The groups were compared for the incidence of pruritus by the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test . RESULTS The incidence of pruritus was significantly reduced only when the control group . ( no droperidol ) was compared with the group that received 2.5 mg droperidol , both when 2 mg and when 4 mg morphine was used . A 5-mg dose of droperidol had no inhibitory effect . There was no difference in the incidence of pruritus between use of 2 mg and 4 mg morphine . Other untoward effects of morphine either could not be observed or occurred with an incidence unaffected by either dose of droperidol . CONCLUSION Pruritus caused by epidural use of 2 or 4 mg of morphine is inhibited by the intravenous use of 2.5 mg droperidol but not by a larger dose .
88062
Intervention_Pharmacological
morphine
88063
Intervention_Pharmacological
droperidol
88064
Intervention_Pharmacological
droperidol
88065
Intervention_Pharmacological
morphine
88066
Intervention_Pharmacological
epidural anesthesia
88067
Intervention_Pharmacological
bupivacaine
88068
Intervention_Pharmacological
epinephrine
88069
Intervention_Pharmacological
morphine sulfate
88070
Intervention_Pharmacological
droperidol
88071
Intervention_Pharmacological
morphine
88072
Intervention_Pharmacological
morphine
88073
Intervention_Pharmacological
droperidol
88074
Outcome_Physical
epidural morphine-induced pruritus
88075
Outcome_Physical
occurrence and severity of pruritus
88076
Outcome_Physical
other untoward symptoms
88077
Outcome_Physical
incidence of pruritus
88078
Outcome_Physical
incidence of pruritus
88079
Outcome_Adverse-effects
inhibitory effect
88080
Outcome_Physical
incidence of pruritus
88081
Outcome_Adverse-effects
untoward effects
88082
Outcome_Physical
Pruritus
88083
Participant_Sample-size
210
88084
Participant_Condition
ASA I or II patients undergoing cesarean delivery
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Participant_Condition
randomly assigned to six groups