3878
document
The Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study . The aim of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study is to assess the efficacy of an intensive diet-exercise programme in preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT ) and to evaluate the effect of the programme on the risk factors of atherosclerotic vascular diseases and the incidence of cardiovascular events . In this ongoing study , a total of 523 overweight subjects with IGT based on two oral glucose tolerance tests were randomized to either an intervention group or a control group . The main measure in the intervention group is individual dietary advice aimed at reducing weight and intake of saturated fat and increasing intake of dietary fibre . The intervention subjects are individually guided to increase their level of physical activity . The control group receives general information about the benefits of weight reduction , physical activity and healthy diet in the prevention of diabetes . A pilot study began in 1993 , and recruitment ended in 1998 . By the end of April 1999 there were 65 new cases of diabetes , 34 drop-outs and one death . The weight reduction was greater ( -4.6 kg ) at 1 year in the intervention group ( n = 152 ) than in the control group ( n = 143 , -0.9 kg , P < 0.0001 ) , and this difference was sustained in the second year of follow-up . At 1 year 43.4 % and at 2 years 41.8 % of the intervention subjects had achieved a weight reduction of at least 5 kg , while the corresponding figures for the control subjects were 14.0 and 12.0 % ( P < 0.001 between the groups ) . At 1 year the intervention group showed significantly greater reductions in 2 h glucose , fasting and 2 h insulin , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , and serum triglycerides . Most of the beneficial changes in cardiovascular risk factors were sustained for 2 years . These interim results of the ongoing Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study demonstrate the efficacy and feasibility of the lifestyle intervention programme .
3879
Intervention_Pharmacological
intensive diet-exercise programme
3880
Intervention_Pharmacological
individual dietary advice
3881
Intervention_Physical
reducing weight and intake of saturated fat and increasing intake of dietary fibre .
3882
Intervention_Physical
increase their level of physical activity .
3883
Intervention_Psychological
control group receives general information about the benefits of weight reduction , physical activity and healthy diet in the prevention of diabetes
3884
Intervention_Physical
.
3885
Outcome_Other
efficacy
3886
Outcome_Physical
type 2 diabetes
3887
Outcome_Physical
increase their level of physical activity
3888
Outcome_Mortality
death .
3889
Outcome_Physical
weight reduction
3890
Outcome_Physical
weight reduction
3891
Outcome_Physical
greater reductions
3892
Outcome_Physical
2 h glucose , fasting and 2 h insulin , systolic and diastolic blood pressure , and serum triglycerides
3893
Outcome_Physical
cardiovascular risk factors
3894
Outcome_Other
efficacy and feasibility
3895
Participant_Condition
Diabetes
3896
Participant_Condition
Diabetes
3897
Participant_Condition
type 2 diabetes
3898
Participant_Condition
impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT )
3899
Participant_Sample-size
523
3900
Participant_Condition
IGT