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document
Reaching out , inviting back : using Interactive voice response ( IVR ) technology to recycle relapsed smokers back to Quitline treatment -- a randomized controlled trial . BACKGROUND Tobacco dependence is a chronic , relapsing condition that typically requires multiple quit attempts and extended treatment . When offered the opportunity , relapsed smokers are interested in recycling back into treatment for a new , assisted quit attempt . This manuscript presents the results of a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of interactive voice response ( IVR ) in recycling low income smokers who had previously used quitline ( QL ) support back to QL support for a new quit attempt . METHODS A sample of 2985 previous QL callers were randomized to either receive IVR screening for current smoking ( control group ) or IVR screening plus an IVR intervention . The IVR intervention consists of automated questions to identify and address barriers to re-cycling in QL support , followed by an offer to be transferred to the QL and reinitiate treatment . Re-enrollment in QL services for both groups was documented . RESULTS The IVR system successfully reached 715 ( 23.9 % ) former QL participants . Of those , 27 % ( 194/715 ) reported to the IVR system that they had quit smoking and were therefore excluded from the study and analysis . The trial 's final sample was composed of 521 current smokers . The re-enrollment rate was 3.3 % for the control group and 28.2 % for the intervention group ( p < .001 ) . Logistic regression results indicated an 11.2 times higher odds for re-enrollment of the intervention group than the control group ( p < .001 ) . Results did not vary by gender , race , ethnicity , or level of education , however recycled smokers were older ( Mean = 45.2 ; SD = 11.7 ) than smokers who declined a new treatment cycle ( Mean = 41.8 ; SD = 13.2 ) ; ( p = 0.013 ) . The main barriers reported for not engaging in a new treatment cycle were low self-efficacy and lack of interest in quitting . After delivering IVR messages targeting these reported barriers , 32 % of the smokers reporting low self-efficacy and 4.8 % of those reporting lack of interest in quitting re-engaged in a new QL treatment cycle . CONCLUSION Proactive IVR outreach is a promising tool to engage low income , relapsed smokers back into a new cycle of treatment . Integration of IVR intervention for recycling smokers with previous QL treatment has the potential to decrease tobacco-related disparities . TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier : NCT01260597 .
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Intervention_Educational
Interactive voice response ( IVR ) technology
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Intervention_Educational
interactive voice response ( IVR )
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Intervention_Control
IVR screening for current smoking ( control group )
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Intervention_Educational
IVR screening plus an IVR intervention .
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Intervention_Educational
IVR intervention
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Intervention_Educational
IVR system
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Intervention_Educational
IVR system
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Intervention_Educational
IVR messages
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Intervention_Educational
Proactive IVR outreach
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Intervention_Educational
IVR
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Outcome_Other
successfully reached
55811
Outcome_Mental
quit smoking
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Outcome_Other
re-enrollment rate
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Outcome_Other
Results did not vary by gender , race , ethnicity , or level of education
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Outcome_Other
recycled
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Outcome_Mental
smokers
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Outcome_Other
were older
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Outcome_Mental
self-efficacy
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Outcome_Mental
lack of interest
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Outcome_Mental
low self-efficacy
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Participant_Condition
relapsed smokers
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Participant_Condition
low income smokers
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Participant_Condition
previously used quitline ( QL ) support
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Participant_Sample-size
2985
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Participant_Condition
QL callers
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Participant_Condition
smokers