64540
document
Weight loss maintenance in overweight subjects on ad libitum diets with high or low protein content and glycemic index : the DIOGENES trial 12-month results . BACKGROUND A high dietary protein ( P ) content and low glycemic index ( LGI ) have been suggested to be beneficial for weight management , but long-term studies are scarce . OBJECTIVE The DIOGENES randomized clinical trial investigated the effect of P and GI on weight loss maintenance in overweight or obese adults in eight centers across Europe . This study reports the 1-year results in two of the centers that extended the intervention to 1 year . METHOD After an 8-week low-calorie diet ( LCD ) , 256 adults ( body mass index > 27 kg m ( - ) ( 2 ) ) were randomized to five ad libitum diets for 12 months : high P/LGI ( HP/LGI ) , HP/high GI ( HP/HGI ) , low P/LGI ( LP/LGI ) , LP/HGI and a control diet . During the first 6 months , foods were provided for free through a shop system and during the whole 12-month period , subjects received guidance by a dietician . Primary outcome variable was the change in body weight over the 12-month intervention period . RESULTS During the LCD period , subjects lost 11.2 ( 10.8 , 12.0 ) kg ( mean ( 95 % confidence interval ( CI ) ) ) . Average weight regain over the 12-month intervention period was 3.9 ( 95 % CI 3.0-4.8 ) kg . Subjects on the HP diets regained less weight than subjects on the LP diets . The difference in weight regain after 1 year was 2.0 ( 0.4 , 3.6 ) kg ( P=0.017 ) ( completers analysis , N=139 ) or 2.8 ( 1.4 , 4.1 ) kg ( P < 0.001 ) ( intention-to-treat analysis , N=256 ) . No consistent effect of GI on weight regain was found . There were no clinically relevant differences in changes in cardiometabolic risk factors among diet groups . CONCLUSION A higher protein content of an ad libitum diet improves weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese adults over 12 months .
64541
Intervention_Physical
ad libitum diets
64542
Intervention_Physical
high dietary protein ( P ) content
64543
Intervention_Physical
low glycemic index
64544
Intervention_Control
control
64545
Outcome_Physical
Weight loss maintenance
64546
Outcome_Other
effect
64547
Outcome_Physical
weight loss maintenance
64548
Outcome_Physical
change in body weight
64549
Outcome_Physical
Average weight regain
64550
Outcome_Physical
regained less weight
64551
Outcome_Physical
difference in weight regain
64552
Outcome_Physical
GI on weight regain
64553
Outcome_Physical
improves weight loss
64554
Participant_Condition
overweight
64555
Participant_Condition
overweight or obese
64556
Participant_Age
adults
64557
Participant_Sample-size
256 adults
64558
Participant_Condition
overweight and obese