54937
document
Effectiveness and safety of the Levitan FPS Scope™ for tracheal intubation under general anesthesia with a simulated difficult airway . PURPOSE Studies show that the Levitan FPS ( first pass success ) Scope™ ( LFS ) is analogous to a bougie in simulated difficult airways with comparable tracheal intubation success rates . In this study , the efficacy and safety of tracheal intubation with the LFS was compared with that of the Macintosh laryngoscope utilizing manual in-line stabilization ( MILS ) to simulate difficult airways . METHODS Ninety-four subjects successfully completed the trial . Manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine was applied and the initial laryngoscopy was performed using either the Macintosh or the LFS in conjunction with the Macintosh . Following the initial grading , a second laryngoscopy was repeated using the second randomized technique . Cormack-Lehane grades , percentage of glottic opening ( POGO ) scores , time to intubate , number of intubation attempts , and the use of alternate techniques were recorded . The anesthesiologist rated the subjective difficulty in using each technique with a numeric rating scale and a visual rating scale . RESULTS There was no significant difference in the primary outcome " good laryngoscopic views " ( Cormack-Lehane grade 1 and 2 ) compared with " poor laryngoscopic views " ( Cormack-Lehane grade 3 and 4 ) between the LFS and the Macintosh . There were higher POGO scores with the LFS compared with the Macintosh ( 80 % vs 20 % , respectively ; P < 0.0001 ) , but this did not translate to easier intubations , as documented by the need for an alternate intubation technique or time to intubate ( < 30 and < 60 sec , respectively ) . The incidence of mucosal trauma , sore throat , and hemodynamic responses did not differ significantly between the two techniques . CONCLUSION The LFS in conjunction with the Macintosh laryngoscope does not improve the efficacy or safety of tracheal intubation in a simulated difficult airway .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Levitan FPS Scope™
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Outcome_Physical
Cormack-Lehane grades
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Outcome_Physical
percentage of glottic opening ( POGO ) scores
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Outcome_Other
time to intubate
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Outcome_Other
number of intubation attempts
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Outcome_Other
use of alternate techniques
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Outcome_Other
was no significant difference
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Outcome_Other
primary outcome " good laryngoscopic views "
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Outcome_Other
with " poor laryngoscopic views " (
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Outcome_Other
were higher POGO scores
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Outcome_Adverse-effects
incidence of mucosal trauma , sore throat , and hemodynamic responses did not differ
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Participant_Condition
tracheal intubation
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Participant_Condition
general anesthesia
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Participant_Sample-size
Ninety-four