35060
document
Testosterone and gonadotropins but not estrogen associated with spatial ability in women suffering from schizophrenia : a double-blind , placebo-controlled study . The aim of this study was to investigate the association between estrogen and spatial ability tasks in women suffering from schizophrenia . For this purpose , a placebo-controlled , double-blind , three-time cross-over study using 17beta-estradiol combined with norethisterone acetate for replacement therapy and as an adjunct to a naturalistic maintenance antipsychotic treatment was carried out over a period of 8 months . Nineteen women ( mean age=38.0 years , SD=9.9 years ) with schizophrenia hospitalized for the first time or repeatedly were included in the study . Sex hormones - 17beta-estradiol , luteinizing hormone ( LH ) , follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH ) , prolactin , testosterone , and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate - were measured and the patients completed a neuropsychological test in the last two active drug and/or placebo phases . Three different spatial ability tasks - spatial orientation , spatial visualization , and flexibility of closure - were measured by a paper-and-pencil test . No association between estrogen and spatial ability was found ; however , in an additional exploratory data analysis , high levels of testosterone , LH , and FSH correlated significantly with performance in the flexibility of closure task . This is the very first study , based on estrogen intervention instead of physiological hormone changes , to examine the association between estrogen and spatial ability in women with schizophrenia .
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Intervention_Pharmacological
Testosterone
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Intervention_Pharmacological
gonadotropins
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Intervention_Control
placebo-controlled
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Intervention_Control
placebo-controlled
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Intervention_Pharmacological
17beta-estradiol combined with norethisterone acetate
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Intervention_Pharmacological
replacement therapy
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Intervention_Pharmacological
estrogen
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Outcome_Mental
spatial ability
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Outcome_Physical
estrogen
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Outcome_Mental
spatial ability
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Outcome_Physical
Sex hormones
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Outcome_Physical
17beta-estradiol
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Outcome_Physical
luteinizing hormone ( LH )
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Outcome_Physical
follicle-stimulating hormone ( FSH
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Outcome_Physical
prolactin
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Outcome_Physical
testosterone
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Outcome_Physical
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate
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Outcome_Mental
spatial orientation
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Outcome_Mental
spatial visualization
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Outcome_Mental
flexibility of closure
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Outcome_Physical
estrogen
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Outcome_Mental
spatial ability
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Outcome_Physical
high levels of testosterone
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Outcome_Physical
LH
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Outcome_Physical
FSH
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Outcome_Physical
flexibility of closure
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Outcome_Physical
estrogen
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Outcome_Physical
spatial ability
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Participant_Sex
women
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Participant_Condition
schizophrenia
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Participant_Sex
women
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Participant_Condition
schizophrenia
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Participant_Sample-size
Nineteen
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Participant_Sex
women
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Participant_Age
age=38.0 years
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Participant_Condition
schizophrenia
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Participant_Sex
women
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Participant_Condition
schizophrenia