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AGC Asynchronous Tuning for Improving PV Consumption in the Energy Imbalance Market

The soaring installation of volatile Photovoltaic (PV) source in both utility-scale and distributed scale renders power systems susceptible to solar dynamics. Automatic generation controls (AGC) parameters are normally determined without any further adaptation, making it a challenge for multi-area interconnected power systems balancing the frequency with the PV integration. Considering the synchronous updating issue of the multi-area power system, an asynchronous tuning method is proposed in this paper to help power systems refine their optimal AGC parameters for better power transfer control. The phasor measurement units (PMU) based data has been considered for the proposed tuning method as well as the other data format. A performance study with manual, two-step tuned and asynchronous tuned AGCs has been conducted on a five-area power system in real-time digital simulator (RTDS). Results present that the asynchronous method provides optimal AGCs for the test five-area power system with PV stations. Results also demonstrate a better frequency and tie-line power response performance with the proposed method.