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Non‐Steroidal Anti‐Inflammatories for the Acute Treatment of Migraine

1. NSAIDs may be more effective deep into the headache attack, when the pain has spread throughout the head, and even into the neck and shoulders. This spread of pain is called central sensitization, in which the pain spreads as the attack progresses. Central sensitization is also associated with the dislike of light, noise, smells, touch, and movement so common at the peak of a migraine. 2. NSAIDs are helpful with wake-up early morning headaches which have likely progressed during the night, so that when someone with a migraine wakes up, the migraine is full-blown, and less responsive to a triptan. 3. NSAIDs can be used be used to increase the effect of migraine-specific medications. They can be added to most medications already being taken for a migraine, possibly lowering the chance of the headache coming back, also called recurrence. 4. Triptans do not work for all patients. It is estimated that triptan tablets are ineffective in up to 40% of patients, and in these individual, NSAIDS may work better than triptans. 5. Pain in migraine occurs through two pathways, inflammation and blood vessels getting big (dilation). Triptans do not work against the inflammation, although they reverse the blood vessel dilation. NSAIDs block the inflammation. Therefore, taken together, NSAIDs and triptans can work together, and the whole can be greater than the sum of the parts. 6. NSAIDs can generally be used in the setting of vascular disease. Unlike the usual migraine-specific medications such as triptans or dihydroergotamine (DHE), NSAIDs do not narrow arteries.. Individuals who have had a heart attack will still need to discuss NSAID use with their cardiologist, as NSAIDs are not entirely risk-free. Clinical trials of some NSAIDs have shown an increased risk of heart attacks and stroke, but this risk differs with different NSAIDs. 7. Menstrual migraine is one of the most challenging forms of migraine, and NSAIDS, especially when added to a triptan, will attack both pain pathways so that inflammation as well as blood vessel dilation are suppressed. 8. Unlike narcotics, NSAIDS are not habit forming, and yet can be highly effective.