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GNSS Performance Modelling for Positioning and Navigation in Urban Environments

The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) supports a growing number of several Intelligent Transport System (ITS) applications and location based services including collision avoidance, electronic toll collection, fleet management and Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) navigation. This paper performs a detailed performance analysis of GNSS with a focus on failure modes in urban environments as a critical case study. A guidance-based augmentation strategy based on trajectory optimization is developedwhich accounts for the influence of urban structures on GNSS performance. A simulation case study representative of UAS operations in urban environments was performed as a preliminary assessment to corroborate the developed modules.