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Interaction Between Natural Killer and Dendritic Cells: the Role of CD40, CD80 and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecules in Cytotoxicity Induction and Interferon‐γ Production

This study focuses on the differential role of CD40 and CD80 costimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC‐I) antigens in the regulation of the interplay between dendritic cells (DCs) and interleukin (IL)‐2‐activated human natural killer (NK) lymphocytes. Our data indicate that CD40 and CD80 molecules might play a preferential role in the induction of cytotoxic function but not in the interferon‐γ(IFN‐γ) production by human IL‐2‐activated NK effectors in the presence of autologous and allogeneic DCs. In addition, a critical role of CD94‐dependent MHC‐I recognition in the regulation of both IFN‐γ production and target cell lysis was shown in the functional interaction between NK and DCs.