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Machine Learning Routing Protocol in Mobile IoT based on Software-Defined Networking

The Internet's pervasive influence in all aspects of life has caused the number of heterogeneous devices connected to this network to grow exponentially. As a result, recognizing these devices and their management has led to the emergence of a new paradigm called the “Internet of Things” (IoT). Sensor networks are the essential pillar of the Internet of Things. Due to their low cost and ease of deployment, they can be implemented in a structured or unstructured way in a dynamic physical environment to manage and monitor the dynamic conditions of the desired area in various applications. Nevertheless, what is noteworthy in this regard is the limited resources of sensor networks, which cannot meet the diverse needs of the Internet of Things, so appropriate solutions must be adopted to some challenges, such as scalability and routing in dynamic topologies. Against this challenge, the SDN paradigm has attracted massive attention because it is possible to add new capabilities to networks with limited resources to reduce the overhead caused by processing and computing in sensor nodes and delegate these energy-consuming tasks to the controller. On the other hand, machine learning techniques have also shown their ability to optimize routing and increase the quality of service, reliability, and security by using statistics and information obtained from these networks. However, less research has addressed sensor nodes' mobility and challenges in resource-constrained IoT networks.