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A stereological evaluation of secretin and gastric inhibitory peptide‐containing mucosal cells of the perinatal small intestine of the pig

Stereological methods were used to quantify secretin and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)‐immunoreactivity (GIP‐IR) in paraffin sections of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of fetal and neonatal piglets. In addition, sections were processed for GLP‐1‐immunohistochemistry. The volume density of the tunica mucosa increased after birth, giving rise to a decreased volume density of the tela submucosa and tunica muscularis. Generally known region‐specific morphological distinctions were reflected in differing volume densities of the various layers. The highest volume density of GIP‐IR epithelial cells was observed in the jejunum of the neonate. In contrast, the volume density of secretin‐IR epithelial cells was highest in the duodenum of both fetal and neonatal piglets. The volume occupied by GIP‐IR and secretin‐IR epithelial cells increased in the jejunum after birth. Additionally, ileal secretin‐IR epithelial cells were more numerous in the neonatal piglet. In conclusion, the quantitative and qualitative presence of GIP‐IR and secretin‐IR epithelial cells agree with earlier reports of their presence and co‐localization between GIP‐IR and GLP‐1‐IR, in the pig small intestine. Furthermore, the differences suggest that age‐ and region‐related functional demands are temporally and probably causally related with the morphological diversification of the intestine and its endocrine cells.