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Performance of Conventional and New Methods for the Detection of Occlusal Caries in Deciduous Teeth

The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the performance of different conventional diagnostic techniques with the laser-based device, DIAGNOdent, for diagnosis of occlusal caries in deciduous teeth. 95 deciduous teeth with macroscopically intact occlusal surfaces were selected. All teeth were assessed by the following techniques: visual inspection (VI), visual inspection with magnification (VIM), visual inspection combined with light pressure probing (VIP), bitewing radiography (BW) and the DIAGNOdent (DD). Caries extension was assessed by histology. DIAGNOdent showed, in comparison with the conventional clinical methods, a significantly improved ability (p < 0.05) to detect dentinal lesions (D3 or D4) in deciduous teeth and an overall performance similar to that obtained in previous studies on permanent teeth. There was no statistically significant difference between VIM and DD in detecting caries confined to enamel (D2). DD performed better at D2 level than the other methods. The intraexaminer kappa scores for DIAGNOdent were 0.76–0.86 (D2) and 0.77–0.85 (D3), respectively. It was concluded that DIAGNOdent could be used as an additional tool in the detection of occlusal caries in deciduous teeth and its good reproducibility should enable the laser device to monitor the caries process over time.