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Inside smart FiWi-HetNets and the explosion of mobile data traffic

Due to an unprecedented worldwide growth of mobile data traffic, service providers are faced with the prospect of mobile data delivery costs outweighing revenues. An increasing number of operators have started to expand their cellular networks by offloading mobile data via WiFi. Beside WiFi offloading, key to the cost-effective deployment and operation of LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) heterogeneous networks (HetNets) will be the sharing of existent passive optical network (PON) based FTTx backhaul infrastructures to mitigate the backhaul bottleneck of 4G cellular networks. In this paper, we investigate smart WiFi offloading schemes for LTE-A HetNets enhanced by data-centric Ethernet based fiber-wireless (FiWi) broadband access networks, paying particular attention to the performance gains achievable through leveraging WiFi Direct device-to-device (D2D) communications capabilities among nearby mobile users for fast video file transfer.