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Spatial variability in optical properties of the waters around the Ambrose Light Tower

The Ambrose Light Tower, situated at the New York, Bight Apex near the entrance to New York Harbor, will be equipped with a suite of optical instruments designed to make high temporal resolution optical measurements. The resulting measurements of subsurface upwelling radiance and downwelling irradiance, spectral absorption and attenuation will be used to validate algorithms for retrieval of chlorophyll biomass and k490 from satellite data in case II waters. The Hudson River, a major source of freshwater to the coastal ocean of the northeastern United States flows into the New York Bight Apex and has a very well defined buoyant freshwater plume that can be as large as 500 km2. Optical measurements of spectral absorption, attenuation, upwelling radiance and downwelling irradiance were made across the plume during a cruise in May 1996 during a period of high discharge. These showed that there was a 5 fold increase in absorption and attenuation inside the plume. The plume could be seen in reflectance difference images constructed using bands 1 and 2 of the AVHRR.