{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.036883116883116886, 'fraction_numerical': 0.0212987012987013, 'mean_word_length': 5.5288135593220336, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
Osteogenic protein‐1 differentially regulates the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic proteins and their receptors in primary cultures of osteoblasts

The mRNA expression patterns of several bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and their receptors (BMPRs) in long‐term primary cultures of fetal rat calvaria (FRC) cells were examined by Northern analysis. Their temporal orders of expression were correlated with those of several biochemical markers characteristic of osteoblastic cell differentiation. Distinct temporal patterns of expression of BMPs and BMPRs during osteoblastic cell differentiation were observed. BMP‐2 and BMP‐7 mRNA levels did not change significantly. BMP‐4 mRNA expression increased and reached a peak prior to matrix formation. BMP‐5 mRNA expression increased during the mineralization phase and BMP‐6 mRNA expression increased throughout all phases of cell differentiation. Effects of BMP‐7 (Osteogenic Protein‐1; OP‐1) on the expression patterns of several other members of the BMP family and the receptors were also studied. OP‐1 downregulated the BMP‐4, ‐5, and ‐6 mRNA levels by a maximal of 2‐fold, 1.5‐fold, and 6‐fold, respectively. OP‐1 did not change significantly the OP‐1 and BMP‐2 mRNA expression. Of the three type I BMPR examined, OP‐1 upregulated ActR‐I and BMPR‐IA mRNA expression slightly but with statistical significance. OP‐1 downregulated BMPR‐IB mRNA expression slightly. OP‐1 upregulated BMPR‐II mRNA expression by a maximum of 2‐fold. Our findings demonstrate that OP‐1 differentially regulates the mRNA expression of several related members of the BMP family and their receptors in osteoblasts. The observations suggest that OP‐1 action on osteoblastic cells involves a complex regulation of gene expression of related members of the BMP family and their receptors in a cell differentiation stage dependent manner. J. Cell. Physiol. 185:87–97, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.