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Tropism for primary monocytes and for monocytoid cell lines are separate features of HIV‐1 variants

We have analyzed the phenotype of five human monocytoid cell lines (U‐937, THP‐1, RC.2A, Mono Mac 6, and DD) and their capacity to support replication of HIV‐1 strains with known tropism for T lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. HIV‐1Ba‐L, a prototype monocytotropic HIV‐1 strain, was unable to establish continuous replication in any of the cell lines used. In contrast, the lymphotropic strain IIIB could replicate in all CD4‐positive cell lines. We conclude that the capacity of HIV‐1 isolates to replicate in established human monocytoid malignant cells does not correlate with the tropism of the virus for primary mononuclear phagocytes. Since monocytoid cell lines do not distinguish HIV‐1 variants tropic for mononuclear phagocytes, we suggest the use of primary cells for studies of HIV‐1 tropism. J. Lcukoc. Biol. 56: 225–229; 1994.