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Modelling and control of a grid connected photovoltaic system

This paper presents a simulation model of the electric part of a grid connected photovoltaic generator. The model contains a detailed representation of the main components of the system that are the solar array, boost converter and the grid side inverter. A proper control of the DC/DC converter is developed in order to extract the maximum amount of from the photovoltaic generator. The grid interface inverter transfers the energy drawn from the PV module into the grid by keeping common dc voltage constant. The PQ control approach has been presented for the inverter. Modelling and control is carried out using the causal informational graph method. The simulation results under Matlab/Simulink show the control performance and dynamic behaviour of grid connected photovoltaic system. Photovoltaic power supplied to the utility grid is gaining more and more visibility, while the world's power demand is increasing. It registers an exponential increase with Germany and Japan leading the list of the countries having the largest capacity installed. Unconditional availability of the power source the environmental friendliness of these systems are their major advantages over the traditional energy sources such as oil and natural gas, but their efficiency and controllability stand as the major drawbacks. In addition to this, the transmission system operators are imposing tough standards (1), when system PV is connected the utility network. Many demands such as power system stability and power quality are primary requests. As a consequence, large research efforts are put into the control of these systems in order to improve their behaviour. All photovoltaic systems are interfacing the utility grid through a voltage source inverter (2) and a boost converter. Many control strategies and controller types (3-5) have been investigated. Authors have been demonstrated that in the case of grid frequency or voltage fluctuations, there are problems in controller of the grid current and power factor. One of the most common control strategies structures applied to decentralized power generator is based on voltage oriented control employing a controller for the dc link voltage and a controller to regulate the injected current to the utility network (6). The system components and power control scheme were modelled in terms of dynamic behaviours. The modelling and control methods of the grid connected photovoltaic system chosen in our subject, rest on the Causal Informational Graph and its wide form the Macroscopic Energy Representation. The proposed models were implemented in Matlab/Simulink. This paper describes the dynamic performance of