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Peripheral Hemodynamics in Patients With Coarcta Tion, Normotensive and Hypertensive Arterio Sclerosis Obliterans of the Lower Limbs

In subjects with patent arteries the main pressure fall occurs in the arterioles. When a major artery is occluded, however, not only an arteriovenous, but also a collateral pressure gradient is found. The pressure of the peripheral arteries decreases by means of two main steps: 1) From the beginning to the end of the collateral vessels 2) From the small arteries to the small veins. In occlusions or stenoses of the major leg arteries the systolic collateral and arteriovenous pressure gradient can be determined by measuring the arm blood pressure and the pressure of arteries distal to the site of occlusion. The difference between the brachial and the ankle arteries approximates the systolic collateral pressure gradient-, 11, whereas, at a given venous pressure, the systolic ankle artery pressure is a measure for the distal or arteriovenous pressure difference.