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Chemokine receptors in the brain: A developing story

In this issue of the Journal of Comparative Neurology, Cowell and Silverstein describe the localization of CCR1 chemokine receptors in the cerebellum of neonatal rats. They show in detail that these receptors are expressed by a variety of cell types with an expression pattern that changes dramatically during the period of perinatal cerebellar development. They also show that the chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1 ; also known as CCL3), a major agonist at CCR1 receptors, is similarly expressed in the cerebellum. The authors suggest that CCR1 receptors and MIP-1 may play an important role in cerebellar development. Although the data are extremely interesting and timely, understanding why this is so requires an explanation of why the emerging neurobiology of chemokines and their receptors is such an exciting field.