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Dynamic wave force of tsunamis acting on a structure

This paper aims to measure the wave force of tsunamis acting on prevention structures along the coast such as seawalls and breakwaters, in the hydraulic experiment, in order to revise the existing wave force formula used for the design in the past, by introducing four types of wave pressure: dynamic, sustained, impact standing, and overflowing. Impact standing wave pressure is observed in the collision of reflected and incident waves. Overflowing wave pressure occurs when waves running over a structure collide on the back. The values of these wave forces are found to be more significant than the dynamic and sustained pressures. The formulation to estimate each wave force for design of a coastal structure is proposed.