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Passive Implementation of Multibody Simulations for Haptic Display


 This paper addresses the issue of providing stability guarantees during the implementation of multibody simulations for haptic display. It introduces the concept of a virtual coupling between the multibody simulation and haptic display hardware. This coupling separates the simulation design process from the sampled-data stability issues that arise during its implementation with a haptic display. Necessary conditions for passivity of a 1-DOF haptic display with a discrete-time passive simulation and an arbitrary virtual coupling are given. The implications of discrete-time passivity on numerical integration and collision response algorithms are also addressed.