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A ΣΔ fractional- N synthesizer for GSM standard specifications

We describe in this paper a new method for the characterization and optimization with heuristic algorithm of fractional-N synthesizer. This method will be applied to GSM application. The treated synthesizer based in the use a type-II third order ΣΔ modulator generates signals in 935-960 MHz range with 200 KHz resolution with a spur of less than -80 dBc/Hz. Optimal parameters values are so determined and verified by different simulations.