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Semiconductor Photocatalysts for Solar-to-Hydrogen Energy Conversion: Recent Advances of CdS



Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water splitting using photocatalyst
semiconductors is one of the most promising solutions to satisfy the increasing demands of a rapidly
developing society. CdS has emerged as a representative semiconductor photocatalyst due to its suitable
band gap and band position. However, the poor stability and rapid charge recombination of CdS
restrict its application for hydrogen production. The strategy of using a cocatalyst is typically recognized
as an effective approach for improving the activity, stability, and selectivity of photocatalysts.



Solar-driven photocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting is one of the
most promising solutions to satisfy the increasing demands of a rapidly developing society. CdS has
emerged as a representative semiconductor photocatalyst due to its suitable band gap and band position.
However, the poor stability and rapid charge recombination of CdS restrict its application for
hydrogen production. The strategy of using a cocatalyst is typically recognized as an effective approach
for improving the activity, stability, and selectivity of photocatalysts. In this review, recent
developments in CdS cocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting under visible-light irradiation
are summarized. In particular, the factors affecting the photocatalytic performance and new
cocatalyst design, as well as the general classification of cocatalysts, are discussed, which includes a
single cocatalyst containing noble-metal cocatalysts, non-noble metals, metal-complex cocatalysts,
metal-free cocatalysts, and multi-cocatalysts. Finally, future opportunities and challenges with respect
to the optimization and theoretical design of cocatalysts toward the CdS photocatalytic hydrogen
evolution are described.



 This review summarizes the recent developments in CdS cocatalysts for hydrogen production
from water splitting under visible-light irradiation.



Recent developments in CdS cocatalysts for hydrogen production from water splitting under
visible-light irradiation are summarized. The factors affecting the photocatalytic performance and
new cocatalyst design, as well as the general classification of cocatalysts, are discussed, which includes
a single cocatalyst containing noble-metal cocatalysts, non-noble metals, metal-complex cocatalysts,
metal-free cocatalysts, and multi-cocatalysts. Finally, future opportunities and challenges
with respect to the optimization and theoretical design of cocatalysts toward the CdS photocatalytic
hydrogen evolution are described.



The state-of-the-art CdS for producing hydrogen from photocatalytic water splitting under
visible light is discussed. The future opportunities and challenges with respect to the optimization
and theoretical design of cocatalysts toward the CdS photocatalytic hydrogen evolution are also described.
