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[Virological and serological studies on the 1980-1981 epidemic of influenza in Japan (author's transl)].

Principal prevalent strains isolated in the 1980-1981 epidemic of influenza in Japan were compared with the strain of commercial vaccine available in the same country in 1980. Virological and serological studies were carried out on the difference in antigenic structure between the isolated strains and the vaccine strain and on a hemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody titer in 210 girls high school students in Tokyo before and after the 1980-4981 epidemic. The following results were obtained 1) The 1980---1981 epidemic was induced by a mixed infection of three types of influenza, Russian A type, Hong Kong A type, and B type. 2) Some prevalent strains were found among the strains of each type isolated in the 1980•` 1981 epidemic. There was a difference in antigenic structure between them and the vaccine strain used in 1980. 3) A serological survey conducted before and after the epidemic revealed that 14 students were infected with the Russian A type and four students with the B type. 4) In the 18 infected students mentioned in paragraph 3, there was a more than fourfold increase in the antibody titer against the prevalent strains of the same type, as well as against the vaccine strain of each type. 5) The virus of Hong Kong type, included in the vaccine for the winter of 1980, -1981, did not rais the antibody titer among the vaccines against a variant of Hong Kong virus which showed a definite antigenic drift from the vaccine virus, hence the vaccine was not observed to be effective. 6) The strain of B type was low in effect as a vaccine itself, and even lower in preventing any prevalent strain in the epidemic.