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Morphological magnetostatic coupling in spin valves due to anisotropic self-affine interface roughness

In this paper, we investigated the dipolar magnetic coupling in ferromagnetic multi-layered structures. However, this kind of coupling has been extensively studied since the last few decades through the Neel model (orange peel coupling), but most of the analyses were based on mathematically modeling a simple sinusoidal rough interface that hides the details of such a coupling. Therefore, we add a generality to the Neel model via adapting the anisotropic morphological self-affine interfaces that can unravel the details of interesting effects that are technologically important to consider for future magnonic and spintronic devices. The tensorial coupling between the ferromagnetic (FM) layers has been obtained from the magnetostatic energy of a pseudo-spin valve structure (FM/NM/FM). Our findings show that the coupling strength is dependent not only on the roughness properties of the self-affine interfaces but also on the rotational angle between the patterned interfaces. The variation of this orientation angle along with the change of the interface correlation lengths can switch FM coupling to antiferromagnetic coupling and vice versa. These results are advantageous for the engineering and fabrication of magnonic waveguide circuits and spintronic devices specifically in spin valves, magnetoresistive elements, and magnetic tunneling junctions.