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IL-6 polymorphism associated with fatal outcome in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Objective: The aim of this study was to test whether a functional polymorphism (-174C/G) located in the promoter region of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene is associated with primary short-term outcome (death or Intensive Care Unit discharge) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: The study group consisted of 77 male patients who suffered severe TBI. The -174C/G IL-6 polymorphism was analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction digestion. Results: Severe TBI was associated with a 44% mortality rate. The GG genotype was significantly more frequent in the survivor group than in non-surviving patients (67% vs 41%; p = 0.038); similarly, the IL-6 -174G allele was more frequent in the survivor group than in non-surviving patients (81% vs 65%; p = 0.031). Conclusion: The findings indicate that genetic variation regarding inflammatory response has significant impact on the short-term outcome for patients after acute severe TBI.