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[Characteristics and simulation of heat and CO2 fluxes over a typical cropland during the winter wheat growing in the North China Plain].

In order to study the surface energy budget of the cropland in North China Plain, this paper discussed the characteristics of heat and CO2 fluxes of the cropland during the winter wheat growing, and then simulated the dynamic change of the flux of heat and carbon by SiB2 (simple biosphere model Version2) based on the observational data from 2005-10-10 to 2006-06-10 of Weishan experimental station. The results showed that the heat and CO2 fluxes put up obvious inter-daily variations in the course of the wheat growing and their maximum appeared at around midday. The diurnal variations of them are obvious too, and the net radiation, latent heat flux and the heat flux of underlaying surface during the winter were minimum while they were maximum in the anthesis and maturation of wheat; and the sensible heat flux during the winter was maximum and it was minimum in the shooting and heading period of wheat; while the CO2 flux during the shooting and heading period of wheat was the maximum and it was minimum during the winter. Finally, SiB2 model was used to simulate the heat and CO2 fluxes and the surface temperature based on the data of Weishan observation station and the results showed that the model was good at simulating, the simulated net radiation, latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, the heat flux of underlaying surface, CO2 flux and surface temperature were shown to be basically in agreement with observations with their square of related coefficient being 0.985, 0.637, 0.481, 0.725, 0.499 and 0.877 respectively. In addition, the average simulated value of net radiation, latent heat flux and the heat flux of underlaying surface were lower than the observed value and others were higher than the observed ones. In addition, the fluxes and surface temperature were simulated by SiB2 in the different stages of winter wheat and the results showed that the accuracy of the model in the shooting and heading period of wheat was better than the other two stages and the leaf area index was sensitive to the model.