{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.054835493519441676, 'fraction_numerical': 0.04287138584247258, 'mean_word_length': 5.159509202453988, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 0, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 0, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 1, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
The mechanisms of reproductive toxicity induced by MCs

Microcystins (MCs) are the most common cyanobacteria toxins and endocrine disruptors that can cause hormonal disorders and affect the normal reproduction of humans, fish and mammals. In this review, we summarized the possible toxicity mechanisms of MCs in reproductive system. MCs could inhibit activity of protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A) and induce a great quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause reproductive toxicity via apoptosis, autophagy, cytoskeletal destruction, reproductive tumors and endocrine disrupting. At the same time, we proposed that the mechanisms of absorption, transport pathways, distribution and toxic effects of MCs in the gonad need to be studied in detail. [Liu HH, Wang WJ, Zhuang DG, Cheng XM, Zhang HZ. The mechanisms of reproductive toxicity induced by MCs. Life Sci J 2017;14(7):26-34]. ISSN: 1097-8135 (Print) / ISSN: 2372-613X (Online). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marslsj140717.05.