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Bronze Grave Goods from Norcia

The artifacts presented below, four vessels and two theriomorphic or beast-shaped decorative feet, which were held for many years at the Museo Civico of Spoleto, have recently become part of the collections of the Museo Archeologico Nazionale in the same city. The vessels, of which three are open form and one closed, are characteristic of equipment used for banquets; the two decorative feet, which were solid cast and still preserve remains of bronze lamination, probably belonged to a cista. Regarding the place and date of the discovery of these artifacts, there is little detailed information. Only a brief note in the Spoleto Civic Museum guidebook, which was published at the end of the 1920s, mentions that their place of origin was the plain of Santa Scolastica,1 the large flat area extending just to the south of Norcia (Fig. 1). The rich and welldocumented finds discovered from the final decades of the 19th century onward, both to the east and the west of the road that crosses the plain (the modern Via Ascolana),2 have permitted the identification of the area’s main necropolis,3 which was used during both the preRoman and Roman periods.4 Moreover, the axis of the road, which shares the same orientation as the tombs, appears to follow a route used in antiquity.5 Recent archaeological investigations, conducted under the direction of the Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici dell’Umbria, have definitively confirmed that the entire plain, at least from the end of the Archaic Period, was used exclusively for funerary purposes. The continuity of use has been further established by the removal of the modern cemetery.6 These same investigations, still underway in some parts of the plain,7 have furthermore confirmed the presence of tombs of different types from different periods (made in earth trenches or in chambers, or made of opus incertum and featuring barrel vaults), which range from the Archaic Period down to the Imperial Age. Within this area, no clear organization of burial spaces has been identified, since in some cases tombs from later periods intersect earlier ones.8 The chamber tombs, characterized by the deposition of grave goods, which