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Two Cases of Autoimmune Neutropenia Possibly Induced by &bgr;-Lactam Antibiotics in Infants

This report describes two infants who had neutropenia develop after treatment with &bgr;-lactam antibiotics. The first patient, a 9-month-old girl, was administered flomoxef (FMOX); the second patient, a 14-month-old boy, was administered cefotiam (CTM). Both infants were found to have neutropenia 4 to 5 days after they were placed on respective antibiotics, and neutropenia had persisted despite antibiotics withdrawal for 1 to 3 months. Drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST), granulocyte-bound antibodies, serum granulocyte antibodies, and immunoblotting analysis indicated that &bgr;-lactam antibiotics possibly triggered production of granulocyte autoantibody with resultant autoimmune neutropenia.