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Wideband, Electronically Reconfigurable Reflectarrays With 1- and 2-Bit Phase Quantization

In this paper, we present an approach to realize wideband, 1-bit (2-bit), reflectarray unit cells using only one (three) single-pole-single-throw switch(es). The proposed reflectarray unit cells consist of an antenna and a reflecting circuit with a switchable phase shift response that is controlled using PIN diodes. The reflecting circuit entirely reflects the incident wave received by the antenna with a phase shift that can be adjusted electronically by controlling the PIN diodes. The proposed reflectarray unit cells offer two primary improvements over the state-of-the-art in electronically tunable reflectarray antenna designs: significant bandwidth enhancement; and reduced implementation complexity. As a proof-of-concept, we designed reflectarray unit cells with 1-bit and 2-bit phase quantization. Our approach enabled us to achieve wide bandwidths of 78% and 50% for the 1-bit and 2-bit reflectarray unit cells, respectively.