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Value of serum tumor necrosis factor-α as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy

Objective This study was designed to evaluate serum tumor necrosis factor-α as an early predictor of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Background Owing to the high morbidity and mortality associated with DN, it is important to establish marker used as an early prediction of DN to overcome its complication. Patients and methods This study was conducted on 70 patients selected from the Inpatient Department and Outpatient Clinics of Internal Medicine Department and Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department at Menoufia University Hospital. All patients were investigated regarding urine analysis, blood urea and serum creatinine, HBA1C, lipid profile, and urine albumin-creatinine ratio. Results The 70 patients (55 males and 15 females) with diabetes mellitus were divided into 35 patients with normoalbuminuric and 35 patients with albuminuria (30–299 mg/g Cr). Ten healthy individuals (seven males and three females) were selected as a control group. The patients fulfilled the following criteria: age greater than 18 years, initial diagnosis of diabetes at greater than 30 years of age, no signs of renal diseases, no history of cardiovascular diseases, including stroke, heart diseases, and arteriosclerosis, and no symptoms of acute inflammatory diseases. All patients and control personnel enrolled in this study gave oral and written consent to see all of their investigations. Conclusion Tumor necrosis factor-α, one of the main proinflammatory cytokines, is overexpressed in DN, and this overexpression is significantly associated with evidence of renal damage.