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Characterization of hypoxic tumor regions in a syngeneic rat hepatoma model

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 5th most common solid tumor worldwide and 4th leading cause of cancer death. HCC is highly vascular with a strong propensity for invasion. Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF), a potent inducer of angiogenesis, is an ideal target for anti‐angiogenic strategies. HIF transcription factors upregulate hypoxia‐responsive genes and are post‐translationally controlled by O2‐dependent HIF prolyl 4‐hydroxylases (PHD). These novel enzymes are highly expressed in liver, a unique organ due to its physiologic O2 gradient.