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Recent advances in optical fiber amplifiers

To meet the ever-increasing traffic demands and to reduce the equipment as well as operation costs, recent developments in fiber-optic communication systems are focused on four areas: longer reach, wider bandwidth, higher bit rate and the intelligence of the system. In this presentation, recent advances in optical fiber amplifiers will be reviewed with the emphasis on the attributes supporting system requirements in these four areas. Topics to be addressed include ultra wideband amplifiers and amplifiers with new bands, a system perspective of Raman amplification, management of gain ripple, and intelligent amplifier control.