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Regulatory mechanisms of the contractile responses of rat airways to immunological stimulation.

Pulmonary anaphylaxis induced by antigen inhalation includes a primary release of mediators from IgE-stimulated cells together with the activation of secondary pathways. The results presented here summarize the role of cells and mediators in the immediate response of rat tracheal anaphylaxis in vitro. Modulation of rat tracheal smooth muscle response to antigen is played by sensory and cholinergic innervation and by epithelium. The epithelial modulation seems to be partly due to its innervation, mainly C-fibre endings, releasing neuropeptides at the vicinity of epithelial cells. Epithelium is playing some role in the uptake and release of serotonin, and is acting on airway smooth muscle and on the inflammatory phase by releasing secondary factors such as arachidonic acid derivatives. The implication of non-IgE-binding cells for mediator release is now proving to be of greater importance in the understanding of allergic disease.