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Comparative X-Ray Diffraction Study of SnO2 Nanoparticle Samples from Different Precursor Solutions

SnO2 is n-type semiconductor and a transparent conducting oxide, and has apt properties in a gas sensing material, photovoltaic cells, fuel cells, batteries etc. In the present work SnO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by two different methods using different precursors. In method 1 using SnCl4.5H2O a particle size of about 37nm was obtained and in method 2 using SnCl2.2H2O precursor, the size of the obtained nanoparticles were of the order of 9nm. XRD studies were conducted on the samples obtained by method 1 and method 2 to ascertain the composition and particulate size. Using the Williamson Hall plot some important properties like lattice strain, lattice parameters and effective particle size was calculated. The work revealed the solvent effect as well as pH dependency for controlling the particle size. The addition of capping agent (HCl) was decisive in lowering the particle size and setting up a possible quantum confinement study base on sample 2 with better understanding of the reaction mechanism.