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Cybernetic revolutionaries. Technology and politics in Allende’s Chile

feelings when moving through the museum space, which stood in contrast to the naturalist’s search for new specimens in nature. The optic of the state also provides insight into border areas by exploring territory on a local scale. Andermann decodes some of the schematic representational systems used in geography and deciphers colonial movements by offering a new understanding of Brasilia and its mix of populations as they are fostered by its spatial organisation. Scientific expeditions and the resulting atlas draw on Henrique Morize’s photographic images of ‘members of a commission’ in a formal alliance between nature and humanity (p. 150). Testimonies reveal connections between natural space and the spatiality of human interventions. The author’s archival analysis also exposes links between military expeditions of the new frontier of the north in Rio Negro on 25 May 1879; Juan Manuel Blanes’s allegorical synthesis of the conflict thus aptly illustrates the interaction between art and politics. By placing the exhibitions within their historical context, Andermann demonstrates how the strategic activities of collecting, exhibiting andmapping are governed by symbolic and figurative functions. Each of these activities contributes towards the definition of national identity on several levels, because they constitute what the author calls ‘acts of sovereignty’ (p. 28). The optic of the state contains a number of different methodologies, each tailored to fulfil different objectives. The analysis of the archetypal figure of a collector is based on a comparison of two photographs that show institutional directors among their collections. The first depicts Andrés Lamas, a Uruguayan politician, antiquarian and archivist, in his cabinet, whereas the second presents the German anthropologist Robert Lehmann-Nitsche in the anthropological section of the La Plata museum, for which he is responsible. Formal compositions reveal similarities even when they refer to different paradigms of collections. Among the visual instruments used by political power, photography occupies a privileged position. The location of the photographer in the space already determines points of view and the frame plays a vital role in the constitution of history. Andermann succeeds in demonstrating that this medium brought forward new perceptions in the understanding of territories.