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Network State- and Task-Dependent Reorganization of Dendritic Activity in Hippocampal CA1 Pyramidal Cells

Small-diameter dendrites are the primary sites of synaptic input integration and plasticity in hippocampal principal cells. Recent work has begun to characterize the dynamics of these compartments in vivo, but the extent to which dendrites are modulated by network states, behavior, and learning remains enigmatic. Here we monitored somatic and basal dendritic activity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells (CA1 PCs) using longitudinal, multi-plane two-photon calcium imaging coupled with simultaneous local field potential recordings. We found that immobility was associated with a transient increase in dendritic activity, particularly during awake sharp-wave ripple (SWR) events. During exploration of a novel context, dendritic activity during somatic SWR recruitment predicted the stability of dendritic activity patterns. Distinct soma-dendrite dynamics arose also during spatially-guided reward learning. Together, these results indicate that  network state- and task-dependent reorganization of CA1 PCs' dendritic activity support navigation- and learning-related hippocampal computations.