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New Techniques in Behaviour Therapy

It is generally agreed that the treatment of severe obsessive-compulsive neurosis is a most difficult and unrewarding task. Sometimes Draconian measures such as repeated leucotomy combined with a variety of other treatments have been recommended. The prognosis is felt to be poor though perhaps not as poor as is suggested in standard textbooks. In recent years some interest has been aroused by the use of behavioural techniques but results have generally been disappointing. Faced with the intractable nature of compulsive rituals, patients' relatives and bold pyschiatrists have sometimes attempted to interfere with such rituals, usually without success. Fears have often been expressed that such interference would produce overwhelming anxiety or aggressive outbursts, but there has been little systematic evidence either to support or to refute this suggestion. This paper reports the results of a follow-up study of patients treated in this way. We have adopted a Greek neologism to describe the method which we now refer to as 'apotrepic therapy' (from dio'rpfti=to turn away, deter