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Revisiting the time-dependent ionization process through the Bohmian-mechanics method

The ionization process of a hydrogen-like atom in the intense laser field is studied by the Bohmian-mechanics method. We propose a criterion for atomic ionization based on the total energy of a Bohmian particle (BP): when it is larger than or equal to zero, ionization occurs, when it is lower than zero, no ionization occurs. We find that the time-dependent ionization probabilities calculated by the Bohmian-mechanics and projection methods are almost the same under different laser parameters. Two typical Bohmian trajectories are selected to analyze the ionization process. The consistency between the time-dependent ionization probabilities calculated by the two methods is quantitatively analyzed from the aspect of the probability density of the wave-function.