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Effects of Nonequilibrium Free Electrons on Atomic Processes

Radiative and collisional atomic processes are proven to be affected critically by the shape of the free electron distribution. For a bi-Maxwellian distribution with temperatures T x and T ⊥ for the motions in the x and the perpendicular directions, the radiative recombination rate is enhanced by a factor of ten for T ⊥ / T x =0.1 and becomes infinite in the limit of T ⊥ / T x =0. This enhancement can largely increase the gain in recombination X-ray lasers. With the aid of applied magnetic fields, this temperature anisotropy can easily be created. Possible applications to laser-produced plasmas and magnetically confined plasmas such as in tandem mirror devices are discussed.