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Hybrid Nanomaterials for Enhanced Oil Recovery: New Alternatives for Polymer Thermal Degradation


 One of the alternatives currently emerging as a solution to the problems presented by the HPAM in high temperature reservoirs is the use of nanotechnology as a tool to improve and potentiate the properties of the polymer. Nanoparticles have been used to improve the stability and viscosity of HPAM solutions and their properties could be an important tool to improve the thermal resistance of polymers. The scope of this work is the evaluation of new hybrid nanomaterial based on HPAM and nanoparticles of silica dioxide.
 The new prospective hybrid nanomaterials for oil and gas including Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) applications in were characterized including its thermal properties with applied advanced techniques such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM - EDS), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). These techniques contributed to demonstrate the formation of a covalent bond between the nanoparticle and the HPAM polymer, which allows having an inorganic - organic interaction that, according to its thermal properties, has a great potential in polymer flooding, among other applications.
 The results obtained with these techniques were compared with the synthesis precursors, which shows the morphological, structural and property changes of the new nanomaterial with respect to the synthetic polymer. The elemental analysis carried out by EDS demonstrate the presence of C, N, O and Si in the structure of the new nanomaterial based on silica nanoparticles.
 The high-resolution spectra obtained by the XPS technique show the functional groups corresponding to the covalent bond between the polymer and the nanoparticle, which provides a greater thermal resistance to the nanomaterial with respect to the conventional polymer. This thermal resistance is determined with the thermogravimetric analysis, in which the polymeric precursor and the new nanohybrid are subjected to a high resolution temperature ramp with a change of 10ºC / min from 25ºC to 700ºC. The results present a competitive advantage to the commercial polymer throughout the evaluation range, which will allow increasing the application ranges of the HPAM polymers and potentially inducing an increase in the recovery of oil.