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War on drugs: gender and race inequities in crime control strategies

The war on drugs, which has punctuated two decades of sentencing strategies, has had profound effects on the demographic features of American prisons. A significant increase in the rate of incarceration of African American men is a startling effect of the war on drugs. Gender distributions, which may be less obvious and represent minute absolute representations by comparison to race‐based shifts, are also a troublesome byproduct of the war on drugs. Overall trends in incarceration indicate that rates continue to rise, while offenders imprisoned for drug crime have increased disproportionately to all other crime. This is especially true for African American men and women of all races. This paper reviews trends in current incarceration patterns.