September 19, 2021 

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VALUE ADDED: The increase in the value of a good at each stage of the production process. The value that's being increased is specifically the ability of a good to satisfy wants and needs either directly as a consumption good or indirectly as a capital good. A good that provides greater satisfaction has greater value. In essence, the whole purpose of production is to transform raw materials and natural resources that have relatively little value into goods and services that have greater value.

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Lesson 5: Demand | Unit 2: Law of Demand Page: 8 of 20

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  • The law of demand, which is a fundamental economic principle stating that demand price and quantity demanded are inversely related, ceteris paribus.
  • Ceteris paribus, a Latin term meaning that other things remain unchanged. It is used to control for factors other than price, that affect demand.
  • Why the law of demand works because of the income and substitution effects.
  • The income effect, which exists because price changes affect the purchasing power of buyers' given incomes.
  • The substitution effect, which exists because price changes make other goods relatively more or less expensive.

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