text: In light of his foreign and domestic policies during the early 1680s, which were perceived 
  as aggressive, Louis's actions, fostered by the succession crises of the late 1680s, created 
  concern and alarm in much of Europe. This led to the formation of the 1686 League of 
  Augsburg by the Holy Roman Emperor, Spain, Sweden, Saxony, and Bavaria. Their stated 
  intention was to return France to at least the borders agreed to in the Treaty of 
  Nijmegen.[78] Emperor Leopold I's persistent refusal to convert the Truce of Ratisbon into 
  a permanent treaty fed Louis's fears that the Emperor would turn on France and attack the 
  Reunions after settling his affairs in the Balkans.[79] 