text: Conversely, in members reaching the same GWL later, such as that driven by GFDL-ESM2M, 
  CO2 concentration is relatively higher, and aerosol concentrations are lower. So, net radiative 
  forcing, CO2 physiological effects and the regional-scale radiative forcings from individual 
  aerosol types could, therefore, be quite different in the GFDL-driven HadGEM3 simulation when 
  it reaches 2°C global warming 25 years later than the IPSL-CM5A-LR-driven simulation. 
  
  The spatial pattern of changes in the different ensemble members may also play a role in 
  inﬂuencing the global mean changes, for example, with large changes in some regions due to 
  faster snow-melt or changes in cloud cover in one ensemble member leading to particular changes 
  in regional warming that are not seen in other ensemble members. Moreover, the individual 
  forcings of the different aerosol components such as sulfate and black carbon differ in sign and 
  spatial pattern, so the overall impact on local radiative forcing and hence regional temperature 
  patterns is more complex. Therefore, the global mean changes may not necessarily be expected to 
  relative to global mean forcings. 
  
  A further complexity in identifying precise mechanisms for regional changes is the 
  experimental design used here, with one atmospheric model and concentration/emissions 
  scenario but six different SST and SIC patterns, means that the impact of spatial heterogeneity in 
  radiative forcings is complex and involves a mix of effects in HadGEM3 and the original CMIP5 
  models. In the case of aerosols, for example, our HadGEM3 simulations are driven with RCP8.5 
  aerosol emissions and the aerosol concentrations are then calculated within the model itself. The 
  spatial distributions of aerosol optical depth and radiative forcing can, therefore, be expected 
  to be reasonably similar, because they arise from the same emissions scenario, although some 
  differences may occur due to the different regional climate-change patterns. However, the impact 
  of aerosols is also seen in the SST and SIC changes, because these will have responded to changes 
  in regional aerosol radiative forcing in the original CMIP5 simulations. Therefore, these SST and 
  SIC patterns will carry the ‘memory’ of aerosol changes in the original CMIP5 projections. 