text: Faced with climate change, agriculture is the most vulnerable sector, which will experience the largest negative 
  impacts from climatic change and lead to more serious food security in the whole world15–20. Meanwhile, global 
  production losses might lead to price shocks and trigger export restrictions21–24; an increasingly interconnected 
  global food system25,26 and the projected fragility of the global food production system due to climatic change 
  further exacerbate the threats to food security in the worldwide27–29. So, the impacts of climate changes on crop 
  yields and prices have been of highly concerned. Numerous studies have revealed that the warming trend has 
  negative impact on crop yields and global trade in most regions all over the world30–32. There are three main 
  methods for impacts assessment of climate change on crops, including environment-controlled experiments, 
  statistical regression analysis and model simulations17,33. Environment-controlled experiments are designed 
  to observe the influence of climate factors on crops, such as drought, flood, heat stress, cold damage, elevated 
   CO2 concentration, through which the impact mechanism of climate change on crops would be revealed and 
   established23,34,35. Crop models and trade models are applied to simulate the response of crop yield and market 
  price under climate change, based on process-based crop growth in daily time steps, either in selected field sites 
  or in selected regions36–39. The statistical regression analysis usually explores the relationship between historical 
  crop yields and meteorological records in different sites or counties to establish regression functions for crop 
  responses predictions40–43. These researches have documented that crop yield and price would be threatened 
  much more seriously by global warming, especially due to the increasing trend of frequency and intensity of 
  climate extreme events in the future. 