text: clinical conditions but might also be transiently acted by non- 
  clinical individuals. For example, self-injury behaviors are not 
  uncommon during adolescence and progressively decrease in 
  adulthood (Laugesen et al. 2003, Nock et al. 2009, Thielsch et al. 
  2015, Osmanagaoglu et al. 2018). 
  
  Scholars from a variety of disciplines have questioned why peo- 
  ple intentionally harm themselves (either by starving or cutting), 
  proposing various theoretical models empirically tested over time 
  (Chapman et al. 2006, Nock and Mendes 2008a, Nock et al. 2009, 
  Wolff et al. 2019), but we still lack a mechanistic understanding 
  of such behaviors. Here, we propose that despite starvation and 
  NSSI being undoubtedly distinct behaviors with different affective, 
  cognitive, and neurobiological underpinnings, they could share a 
  common “rationale.” Namely, they could be attempts to modify 
  one’s state—in a broad sense, which includes not just the bodily 
  state but also affective, cognitive, and social experiences—by “act- 
  ing on the body.” In other words, these behaviors can be considered 