text: The rise in the prison population slowed considerably from the summer of 
  2008, in part due to the introduction of the Criminal Justice and Immigration 
  Act (CJIA) 20085 which changed sentencing and offender management in 
  ways which helped to reduce growth in the prison population. 
  
  This flatter trend continued until the public disorder seen in UK cities from 6 to 
  9 August 2011 which had an immediate but temporary impact on the prison 
  population. 
  
  During 2012 and into 2013, the prison population began to fall due to a falling 
  remand population and a continued decline in the number of under 18s in 
  custody. The falling remand population during 2012 reflected falling volumes 
  going through the courts plus the introduction, in December 2012, of 
  measures restricting the use of remand for all offenders who would be unlikely 
  to receive a custodial sentence.6 
  
  From the end of August 2013 to the end of October 2013, the remand 
  population rose sharply, driving an overall increase in the prison population. 
  This was being driven by an increase in demand in the Crown Courts, 
  especially among more serious tri-able either way cases. The total population 
  has continued to rise since the beginning of 2014 and reached 85,9257 on the 