text: 91 LTC definition by the Social Protection Committee and European Commission, 2014: Adequate social 
  protection for long–term care needs in an ageing society (p. 11):*‘a range of services and assistance for people*
  *who, as a result of mental and/or physical frailty and/or disability over an extended period of time, depend on help*
  *with daily living activities and/or are in need of some permanent nursing care. The daily living activities for which*
  *care activities that a person must perform every day (Activities of Daily Living, or*
  *help is needed may be the self*
  *ADLs, such as bathing, dressing, eating, getting in and out of bed or a chair, moving around, using the toilet, and*
  *controlling bladder and bowel functions) or may be related to independent living (Instrumental Activities of Daily*
  *Living, or IADLs, such as preparing meals, managing money, shopping for groceries or personal items,*
  *performing light or heavy housework, and using a telephone).’*
  92 Eurofound, 2020: Long-term care workforce: Employment and working conditions (p. 27). 
  93 Eurofound, 2020: New forms of employment: 2020 Update (p. 9). 
  94 See for example the KOMNET Helpdesks https://www.komnet.nrw.de/ 
  95 European Commission, 1996: Guidance on risk assessment at work (Directive 89/391/EEC) 
  96 Besamusca & Steinmetz, 2019: Vulnerable groups in European data sets. An inventory of the measurement of 
  vulnerable groups in 27 data sets covering the European area. They write (p. 5):*‘A further challenge with respect*
  *to vulnerability and employment vulnerability is the question to which level it applies. To individuals and/or groups*
  *(with particular characteristics which increases the vulnerability risk), a situation (in which a person/group finds*
  *themselves which increase the vulnerability risk, like for instance precarious work), or whether this is a more*
  *universal concept which applies to all people as human beings, as everybody could become at one point in time*
  *‘vulnerable’ and depending upon the state for our well-being (Fineman, 2008).’*
  97 OSHWiki, 2022: Groups at risk 
  EU-OSHA, 2003: Gender issues in safety and health at work. A Review 
  98 European Parliament, 2011: Occupational health and safety risks for the most vulnerable workers, Study 
  Fasani & Mazza, 2020: A Vulnerable Workforce: Migrant Workers in the COVID-19 Pandemic (p. 1). 
  99 Browse Gender Statistics | Gender Statistics Database | European Institute for Gender Equality (europa.eu) 
  
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