text: and greater power changes required to hold 
  position. 
  
  A common collision problem is the case of 
  landing 
  an airplane with a malfunctioning 
  If another”airpIane is called to inspect 
  gear. 
  the malfunctioning 
  landing gear, great care 
  must be taken to maintain adequate separation 
  and preserve orientation. Many 
  instances 
  such as this have resulted in a collision when 
  the pilo: of the trailing airplane became dis- 
  oriented and did not maintain adequate sepa- 
  ration. 
  
  refueling, essentially the 
  same problems of interference exist. AS the 
  receiver approaches the tanker from behind 
  and below, the receiver will encounter the 
  downwash from 
  tanker and require a 
  slight, gradual increase in power and pitch 
  attitude to continue approach to the receiving 
  .receiver may not be 
  position. While.‘the 
  visible 
  the tanker, he will 
  anticipate the receiver coming into position 
  by the slight reduttion in power required and 
  nose down changein pitching moment. Ade- 
  quate clearance and, proper position must be 
  maintained by the pilot of the receiver for a 
  is enhanced by the rela- 
  collision possibility 
  tive positions of the airplanes. A hazardous 
  condition exists if the pilot of the receiver 
  has excessive speed and runs under the tanker 
  in close proximity.*‘The 
  trim change expe- 
  rienced by both airphines may be large and 
  unexpected and it may be difficult to avoid a 
  collision. 
  
  During  inflight 