text: obligations for the liabilities related to the arrangement 
  (cid:129) Joint ventures, when we have the rights to the net assets of the 
  arrangement. 
  
  We use the equity method to account for our investments in associates 
  and joint ventures, and we use the proportionate consolidation method 
  to account for our investments in joint operations. 
  
  We recognize our investments in associates and joint ventures initially at 
  cost, and then increase or decrease the carrying amounts based on our 
  share of each entity’s 
  recognition. 
  Distributions we receive from these entities reduce the carrying amount 
  of our investments. 
  
  income or  loss after  initial 
  
  We eliminate unrealized gains and losses from our investments in 
  associates or joint ventures against our investment, up to the amount of 
  our interest in the entity. 
  
  *Investments in Publicly Traded and Private Companies*
  We classify our investments in publicly traded and private companies 
  where we have no control or significant influence as available-for-sale 
  investments, and account for them as follows: 
  (cid:129) publicly traded companies: we record them at fair value based on 
  publicly quoted prices 
  (cid:129) private companies: we record them at 
  
  fair value using well 
  established market or asset based techniques, or projected income 
  valuation techniques, applying them to each investment’s future 
  operating and profitability prospects. 