text: This study was undertaken in a nationwide, US cohort 
  of patients receiving outpatient physical therapy for a 
  primary complaint of knee, shoulder, back or neck pain. 
  The primary aim of the analysis was to predict incidence 
  of additional pain-related healthcare utilization in the 
  year following the episode of physical therapy for mus- 
  culoskeletal pain. We considered factors not commonly 
  assessed in outcomes prediction for musculoskeletal 
  pain, 
  like insurance, comorbidities, and treatment re- 
  sponse, as well as those more often associated with 
  pain-related outcomes (e.g. psychological distress). This 
  project will lead to the development of potentially novel 
  outcome prediction models for this population in a com- 
  mon, non-pharmacological US healthcare setting. The 
  results of this study will be particularly important in 
  value-based payment settings where enhanced clinical 
  decision-making drives treatment effectiveness and sys- 
  tem efficiency. 