text: Diﬀerent frames concerning the global climate concern are popular among the public, politicians, 
  environmentalists, and the media [1,28,29]. Big data analyses have indicated that when interpreting 
  climate events, individuals’ preference for frameworks was inﬂuenced by demographics [5] and 
  social-political background [2]. Diﬀerent choices of frameworks can evoke diﬀerent psychological 
  processes [30], promote or inhibit engagement intentions [31], or gain approval on various levels [32]. 
  Studies have noted that the frameworks of climate change and global warming may result from 
  diﬀerent political indications. The American Republican-leaning states show more preference for 
  global warming than climate change compared with Democratic-leaning states, and global warming is 
  more connected with “hoax” in questioning the reality of the global climate issue [5]. Conservatives 
  are more likely to link heat-related phenomena to global warming, whereas liberals associate these 
  facts equally with both frames [27]. An earlier survey conducted by [4] argued that wording choice 
  might not inﬂuence the whole population similarly. For the whole sample and politically independent 
  individuals, the two terminologies were equally serious, but climate change seemed more serious 
  compared with global warming among the Republicans, and the Democrats held the opposite opinion. 