text: Assessment tools 
  OSPRO Review of Systems tool (OSPRO-ROS) 
  The OSPRO-ROS is a review-of-systems screening tool for 
  use in outpatient orthopedic physical therapy settings [36]. 
  The OSPRO-ROS has demonstrated good concurrent val- 
  idity with depression and a comprehensive 97-item battery 
  [36] 
  of non-musculoskeletal symptoms (i.e., red flags). 
  Moderate 
  the 
  capabilities of 
  strong predictive 
  OSPRO-ROS have been reported for persistence of pain, 
  quality of life, and change in comorbidity 12 months fol- 
  lowing physical therapy in patients with musculoskeletal 
  pain [20, 21]. The OSPRO-ROS includes standard symp- 
  tom descriptors to aid with identification of systemic or 
  non-musculoskeletal origins of musculoskeletal pain. It 
  includes questions related to symptoms of the cardiovascu- 
  lar, gastrointestinal, endocrine, nervous, 
  integumentary, 
  pulmonary, and musculoskeletal systems. The full-length 
  23-item version of the OSPRO-ROS is capable of identify- 
  ing 100% of positive red-flag responders (i.e. 
  indicating 
  “yes” to at least one systemic symptom on a questionnaire) 
  in outpatient orthopedic physical therapy settings. [36] A 
  shorter, 10-item version is also available that has been 
  
  to 