text: **In-Copyright Books:**The vast majority of books are in copyright, and, insofar as the training 
  process requires making a copy of the book, the use in AI training may implicate copyright 
  law. Our workshop covered three possible paths for incorporating such works. 
  
  **Direct licensing**
  
  One could directly license books from rightsholders. There may be some publishers who are 
  willing to license their works for this purpose, but it is hard to determine the scale of such 
  access, and, in any event, there are signiﬁcant limits on this approach. Along with the 
  challenge (and expense) of reaching agreements with relevant rightsholders, there is also the 
  practical diﬃculty of simply identifying and ﬁnding the rightsholder that one must negotiate 