text: to spirometry to avoid inﬂuencing patients’ perceptions 
  of their dyspnea. 
  
  prerecorded message then inquired whether any house- 
  hold member was $ 18 years of age and had experi- 
  enced respiratory symptoms (eg, shortness of breath, 
  wheezing, 
  sputum, prolonged 
  cough) within the past 6 months. Households with afﬁr- 
  mative responses were subsequently contacted by the 
  local study coordinator for a follow-up call. The house- 
  hold member 
  reporting respiratory symptoms was 
  verbally consented and screened for eligibility to partic- 
  ipate in the study over the telephone.8,9 
  
  increased mucus or 
  
  Exclusion criteria included the following: (1) a history of 
  diagnosis of lung or airway disease, (2) use of respiratory 
  inhalers aside from as-needed salbutamol, (3) contrain- 
  dications for spirometry (eg, occurrences of myocardial 
  infarction, stroke, aortic or cerebral aneurysm, eye sur- 
  gery, detached retina within the last 3 months), (4) 
  inability or refusal to provide informed consent, (5) be- 
  ing in the third trimester of pregnancy, and (6) being < 
  18 years of age. 