text: exists. This situation creates an induced angle 
  of attack at the root which is less than the 
  average for the wing and a local section angle 
  of attack higher than the average for the wing. 
  The result is shown by the graph of figure 1.32 
  which depicts a local lift coefficient at the root 
  lift 
  almost 20 percent greater than the wing 
  coefficient. 
  
  matched with a planformwhose chord is dis- 
  tributed in an elliptical fashion (the elliptical 
  wing), each square foot of area along the span 
  produces exactly the same lift pressure. The 
  elliptical wing planform then has each section 
  of the wing working at exactly the same local 
  lift coefhcient and the induced downflow at 
  the wing is uniform throughout the span. 
  In 
  the aerodynamic sense, the elliptical. wing is 
  the most efficient planform because the uni- 
  formity of lift coefficient and downwash incurs 
  rbt iea$t induced drag for a given aspect ratio. 
  The merit of any wing @anform is then meas- 
  ured by the closeness with which the distribu- 
  tion of lift coefficient and downwash approach 
  that of the elliptical planform. 