text: Generative AI is often trained on unlicensed copyrighted works, including in domains such as images or 
  computer code; the output is then used under the rationale of "fair use". Experts disagree about how well 
  and under what circumstances this rationale will hold up in courts of law; relevant factors may include 
  "the purpose and character of the use of the copyrighted work" and "the effect upon the potential market 
  for the copyrighted work".[192][193] Website owners who do not wish to have their content scraped can 
  indicate it in a "robots.txt" file.[194] In 2023, leading authors (including John Grisham and Jonathan 