26 
(11)  In relation to the offence in paragraph (7)(d), it is a defence for an operator to show that the 
operator, or a person acting on behalf of the opera tor, could not have reasonably been expected to 
know that a passenger was a Schedule 11 passenger. 
(12)  If, following the coming into force of any provision which amends the information required 
to be provided by regulation 14, an operator provid es information to a passenger that would have 
complied with the requirements in regulation 13(1) but for the coming into force of that amending 
provision, it is a defence for the operator to show  that it was not reasonably practicable for the 
amended information to be provided. 
(13)  An operator who, without reasonable excuse, fails to comply— 
(a)  with the requirement to keep records in regulation 15(1); or 
(b)  with a request under regulation 15(2) to provide re cords or information within the period 
specified for the purposes of regulation 15(3), 
commits an offence. 
(14)  A person who, without reasonable excuse, wilfully o bstructs any person carrying out a 
function under these Regulations commits an offence. 
(15)  An offence under paragraph (13) is punishable on su mmary conviction by a fine not 
exceeding level 4 on the standard scale. 
(16)  An offence under these Regulations apart from under  paragraph (13) is punishable on 
summary conviction by a fine. 
(17)  Section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984(a) applies in relation to an 
offence under this regulation as if the reasons in subsection (5) of that section included— 
(a)  to maintain public health; 
(b)  to maintain public order. 
(18)  In paragraph (9), “unique passenger reference numbe r” means a reference number which 
has been provided by or on behalf of a passenger an d which includes the letters “UKVI” followed 
immediately by an underscore and thirteen alphanumeric characters. 
(19)  In paragraphs (9) and (11), “relevant passenger” me ans a passenger who fails, without 
reasonable excuse— 
(a)  to provide evidence of having provided passenger information when requested to do so by 
an immigration officer pursuant to regulation 3(7); or 
(b)  to produce a valid notification of a negative resul t from a qualifying test when requested 
to do so by an immigration officer pursuant to regulation 4(4). 
Fixed penalty notices 
20. —(1) An authorised person may issue a fixed penalty  notice to any person that the authorised 
person has reasonable grounds to believe— 
(a)  has committed an offence specified in regulation 19; and 
(b)  if an individual, is aged 18 or over. 
(2)  A fixed penalty notice is a notice offering the per son to whom it is issued the opportunity of 
discharging any liability to conviction for the off ence by payment of a fixed penalty to the 
designated officer. 
(3)  Where a person is issued with a notice under this regulation in respect of an offence— 
(a)  no proceedings may be taken for the offence before the end of the period of 28 days 
following the date of the notice; 
(b)  the person may not be convicted of the offence if the person pays the fixed penalty before 
the end of that period. 
                                                                                                                                            
(a) 1984 c. 60. Section 24 was substituted by section  110(1) of the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15).