in building a books data commons.
 For one assessment of the diﬃculties of complying with the CC licenses in this context, to the extent 18
they are applicable, see Lee, K., A. Feder Cooper, & Grimmelmann, J. (2023). Talkin’ ‘Bout AI Generation: 
Copyright and the Generative AI Supply Chain. Forthcoming, Journal of the Copyright Society 2024. 
https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4523551.
Towards a Books Data Commons for AI Training 9