The two most widely used textbooks in 2023 (see the Open Syllabus (https://explorer.opensyllabus.org/re
sult/field?id=Computer+Science)):
Russell, Stuart J.; Norvig, Peter (2021). Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (4th ed.).
Hoboken: Pearson. ISBN 978-0-1346-1099-3. LCCN 20190474 (https://lccn.loc.gov/201904
74).
Rich, Elaine; Knight, Kevin; Nair, Shivashankar B (2010). Artificial Intelligence (3rd ed.).
New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill India. ISBN 978-0-0700-8770-5.
The four most widely used AI textbooks in 2008:
Luger, George; Stubblefield, William (2004). Artificial Intelligence: Structures and Strategies for
Complex Problem Solving (https://archive.org/details/artificialintell0000luge) (5th ed.).
Benjamin/Cummings. ISBN 978-0-8053-4780-7. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2020
0726220613/https://archive.org/details/artificialintell0000luge) from the original on 26 July
2020. Retrieved 17 December 2019.
Nilsson, Nils (1998). Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis (https://archive.org/details/artificialin
tell0000nils). Morgan Kaufmann. ISBN 978-1-5586-0467-4. Archived (https://web.archive.or
g/web/20200726131654/https://archive.org/details/artificialintell0000nils) from the original on
26 July 2020. Retrieved 18 November 2019.
Russell, Stuart J.; Norvig, Peter (2003), Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach (http://aima.c
s.berkeley.edu/) (2nd ed.), Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, ISBN 0-13-
790395-2.
Poole, David; Mackworth, Alan; Goebel, Randy (1998). Computational Intelligence: A Logical
Approach (https://archive.org/details/computationalint00pool). New York: Oxford University
Press. ISBN 978-0-1951-0270-3. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/20200726131436/ht
tps://archive.org/details/computationalint00pool) from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved
22 August 2020. Later edition: Poole, David; Mackworth, Alan (2017). Artificial Intelligence:
Foundations of Computational Agents (http://artint.info/index.html) (2nd ed.). Cambridge
University Press. ISBN 978-1-1071-9539-4. Archived (https://web.archive.org/web/2017120
7013855/http://artint.info/index.html) from the original on 7 December 2017. Retrieved
6 December 2017.
Other textbooks:
Ertel, Wolfgang (2017). Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (2nd ed.). Springer. ISBN 978-3-
3195-8486-7.
Ciaramella, Alberto; Ciaramella, Marco (2024). Introduction to Artificial Intelligence: from
data analysis to generative AI (1st ed.). Intellisemantic Editions. ISBN 978-8-8947-8760-3.
Crevier, Daniel (1993). AI: The Tumultuous Search for Artificial Intelligence. New York, NY:
BasicBooks. ISBN 0-465-02997-3.
McCorduck, Pamela (2004), Machines Who Think (2nd ed.), Natick, Massachusetts: A. K.
Peters, ISBN 1-5688-1205-1
Newquist, H. P. (1994). The Brain Makers: Genius, Ego, And Greed In The Quest For Machines
That Think. New York: Macmillan/SAMS. ISBN 978-0-6723-0412-5.
Harmon, Paul; Sawyer, Brian (1990). Creating Expert Systems for Business and Industry. New
York: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0471614963.
History of AI
Other sources