EU Member States — often all of them — report the least positive data. The healthy worker effect and 
cultural differences — to express not being healthy — probably strongly influence the self-assessment.  
Concerning the levels of self-reported ‘Health at risk’ , the comparison between 2005 and 2015 
suggests that the situation has slightly improved for all EU Member States; sector differences remain 
significant, but the East-West divide has become much smaller. Still, in some respect eastern and some 
southern European countries show worse data compared to c entral/western and n orthern European 
countries.