For 2°C global warming, the ensemble-mean increase in annual daily maximum temperature was
above 2°C for most of the land surface, with the exception of the Indian subcontinent, most of
Australia and Antarctica (ﬁgure 2). The increase was higher still in many regions; most of North
America, much of China and north Asia, northwestern South America and all of Europe. In the
northern and eastern USA and much of northern and western Europe, the annual daily maximum
temperature increased by over 4°C for 2°C global warming. The global mean TXx increased by
more than 2°C in all ensemble members (table 5), so the maximum temperature warming more
than the global annual mean is a consistent result across all projections here, as found in previous
studies with other models [9]( table 5).
The different ensemble members give somewhat different results at regional scales, although
there is a strong consensus on the temperature extremes examined here becoming warmer. In
the simulations driven by SSTs and SICs from the two IPSL CMIP5 models, most of the global