^ Thomas Brown, "From Old Hickory to Sly Fox: The Routinization of Charisma in the Early Democratic Party."Journal of the Early Republic 11.3 (1991): 339–369 online.

^ Jump up to: a b Irelan, John Robert (1887). "History of the Life, Administration and Times of Martin Van Buren, Eighth President of the United States". Chicago: Fairbanks and Palmer Publishing Company. p. 230. Retrieved March 6, 2017.

^ Jump up to: a b c d "Richard Mentor Johnson, 9th Vice President (1837–1841)". Washington: United States Senate, Office of the Historian. Retrieved March 7, 2017.

^ Nelson, Michael (2013). Guide to the Presidency and the Executive Branch. CQ Press. p. 1962. ISBN 978-1-4522-3428-1.

^ Jump up to: a b c "Presidential Elections". history.com. A+E Networks. Retrieved March 7, 2017.

^ Wilson 1984, pp. 17–18.

^ Howe 2007, pp. 508–509.

^ "Martin Van Buren, 8th Vice President (1833–1837)". Washington: United States Senate, Office of the Historian. Retrieved November 8, 2014.

^ Singer, Alan J. (2008). New York and Slavery: Time to Teach the Truth. Albany: State University of New York Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-7914-7509-6.

^ Howe 2007, p. 487.

