^ Jump up to: a b Jacobs, Sally (July 6, 2011). "President Obama's Father: A 'Bold And Reckless Life'". NPR. Retrieved January 16, 2020.

^ Swaine, Jon (April 29, 2011). "Barack Obama's father 'forced out of US in 1960s'". Telegraph. Archived from the original on January 10, 2022. Retrieved January 16, 2020.

^ Swarns, Rachel L. (June 18, 2016). "Words of Obama's Father Still Waiting to Be Read by His Son". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 18, 2016. Retrieved January 16, 2020.

^ David R Arnott. "From Obama's old school to his ancestral village, world reacts to US presidential election". NBC News. Retrieved January 16, 2020.

^ Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Barack Obama: Mother not just a girl from Kansas; Stanley Ann Dunham shaped a future senator". Chicago Tribune. p. 1 (Tempo). Archived from the original on February 7, 2017.

^ Jump up to: a b Obama (1995, 2004), pp. 9–10.
Scott (2011), pp. 80–86.
Jacobs (2011), pp. 115–118.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 154–160.

^ Ripley, Amanda (April 9, 2008). "The story of Barack Obama's mother". Time. Retrieved April 9, 2007.

^ Scott (2011), p. 86.
Jacobs (2011), pp. 125–127.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 160–163.

