^ Scott (2011), pp. 87–93.
Jacobs (2011), pp. 115–118, 125–127, 133–161.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 170–183, 188–189.

^ Obama "Dreams from My Father a Story of Race and Inheritance"

^ Scott (2011), pp. 142–144.
Jacobs (2011), pp. 161–177, 227–230.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 190–194, 201–209, 227–230.

^ Ochieng, Philip (November 1, 2004). "From home squared to the US Senate: how Barack Obama was lost and found". The EastAfrican. Nairobi. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007.
Merida, Kevin (December 14, 2007). "The ghost of a father". The Washington Post. p. A12. Retrieved June 25, 2008.
Jacobs (2011), pp. 251–255.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 411–417.

^ Serrano, Richard A. (March 11, 2007). "Obama's peers didn't see his angst". Los Angeles Times. p. A20. Archived from the original on November 8, 2008. Retrieved March 13, 2007.
Obama (1995, 2004), Chapters 4 and 5.

^ Scott (2011), pp. 97–103.
Maraniss (2012), pp. 195–201, 225–230.

^ Maraniss (2012), pp. 195–201, 209–223, 230–244.

^ Suhartono, Anton (March 19, 2010). "Sekolah di SD Asisi, Obama Berstatus Agama Islam". Okezone (in Indonesian). Retrieved January 21, 2021.

^ Maraniss (2012), pp. 216, 221, 230, 234–244.

^ "Barack Obama: Calvert Homeschooler?—Calvert Education Blog". calverteducation.com. January 25, 2014. Retrieved November 25, 2015.

