The election also saw the consolidation of the New Deal coalition; while the Democrats lost some of their traditional allies in big business, they were replaced by groups such as organized labor and African Americans, the latter of whom voted Democratic for the first time since the Civil War.[191] Roosevelt lost high-income voters, especially businessmen and professionals, but made major gains among the poor and minorities. He won 86 percent of the Jewish vote, 81 percent of Catholics, 80 percent of union members, 76 percent of Southerners, 76 percent of blacks in northern cities, and 75 percent of people on relief. Roosevelt carried 102 of the country's 106 cities with a population of 100,000 or more.[192]

Supreme Court fight and second term legislation
See also: Franklin D. Roosevelt Supreme Court candidates, Hughes Court, and Wiley Rutledge Supreme Court nomination
Supreme Court appointments by President Franklin D. Roosevelt[193]PositionNameTermChief JusticeHarlan Fiske Stone1941–1946Associate JusticeHugo Black1937–1971Stanley Forman Reed1938–1957Felix Frankfurter1939–1962William O. Douglas1939–1975Frank Murphy1940–1949James F. Byrnes1941–1942Robert H. Jackson1941–1954Wiley Rutledge1943–1949
The Supreme Court became Roosevelt's primary domestic focus during his second term after the court overturned many of his programs, including NIRA. 