^ Jump up to: a b Labunski 2006, pp. 148–150.

^ Jump up to: a b Wills 2002, pp. 12–13.

^ Jump up to: a b c d Ketcham 2002, p. 57.

^ Ketcham 1990, p. 5.

^ "The Enslaved Community". James Madison's Montpelier. Montpelier Foundation. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved November 20, 2016.

^ Jump up to: a b "The Life of James Madison". James Madison's Montpelier. Montpelier Foundation. Retrieved October 21, 2017.

^ Ketcham 1990, p. 12.

^ Jump up to: a b Ketcham 2003, pp. 370–371.

^ Hamilton 1941, pp. 22, 259.

^ Boyd-Rush, Dorothy. "Molding a founding father". James Madison's Montpelier. Montpelier: James Madison University. Archived from the original on August 7, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2013.

^ "The Life of James Madison". The Montpelier Foundation. Retrieved February 14, 2017.

^ Gutzman 2012, p. 2.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 3–7.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 5–6.

^ Ketcham 2003, p. 35.

^ Ketcham 2003, p. 34.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 4–5.

^ Ketcham 1990, p. 51.

^ Ball 2017, pp. 45–46.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 7–8.

^ Bilder, Mary Sarah (2010). "James Madison, Law Student and Demi-Lawyer". Law and History Review. 