As a teenager, Obama went to parties and sometimes sought out gatherings on military bases or at the University of Hawaii that were attended mostly by blacks.

^ Elliott, Philip (November 21, 2007). "Obama gets blunt with N.H. students". The Boston Globe. Associated Press. p. 8A. Archived from the original on April 7, 2012. Retrieved May 18, 2012.

^ Karl, Jonathan (May 25, 2012). "Obama and his pot-smoking "choom gang"". ABC News. Retrieved May 25, 2012.
Obama, Barack (2004) [1995]. Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance. pp. 93–94. ISBN 978-0-307-39412-5. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
Maraniss, David (2012). Barack Obama: The Story. pages with "choom gang". ISBN 978-1-4391-6753-3. Retrieved June 3, 2016.
for analysis of the political impact of the quote and Obama's more recent admission that he smoked marijuana as a teenager ("When I was a kid, I inhaled"), see:
Seelye, Katharine Q. (October 24, 2006). "Obama offers more variations from the norm". The New York Times. p. A21. Retrieved October 29, 2006.
Romano, Lois (January 3, 2007). "Effect of Obama's candor remains to be seen". The Washington Post. p. A1. Retrieved January 14, 2007.

^ "FRONTLINE The Choice 2012". PBS. October 9, 2012. 