^ Feldman 2017, pp. 369–370.

^ Jump up to: a b Burstein & Isenberg 2010, pp. 305–306.

^ Burstein & Isenberg 2010, pp. 261–262.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 373–374.

^ Varg 1963, p. 74.

^ Jump up to: a b Wills 2002, pp. 38–44.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 396–398.

^ Ketcham 1990, p. 377.

^ Ketcham 2003, pp. 376–380.

^ Jump up to: a b "The Life of James Madison". Montpelier.org. Montpelier Foundation. Retrieved November 11, 2020.

^ Jump up to: a b Feldman 2017, pp. 479–480.

^ Jump up to: a b Feldman 2017, pp. 443–444.

^ Jump up to: a b Burstein & Isenberg 2010, pp. 321–322.

^ Ketcham 2003, p. 386.

^ Mummolo, Jonathan (June 11, 2007). "African American Seeks to Prove A Genetic Link to James Madison". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 27, 2021.

^ Nelson, Alondra (2016). The Social Life of DNA: Race, Reparations, and Reconciliation after the Genome. Boston. pp. 19–20. ISBN 978-0-8070-3301-2. OCLC 907702592.

^ Burstein & Isenberg 2010, pp. 317–318.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 408–400.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 411–414.

^ Wills 2002, pp. 48–49.

^ Chernow 2004, pp. 571–574.

^ Feldman 2017, pp. 415–417.

