^ Donald 1996, pp. 53–55.

^ White 2009, p. 59.

^ Simon 1990, p. 283.

^ Weik, Jesse William. "Abraham Lincoln and Internal Improvements". Abraham Lincoln's Classroom. Archived from the original on February 12, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2015.

^ Simon 1990, p. 130.

^ Donald 1996, p. 134.

^ Foner 2010, p. 17–19, 67.

^ Donald 1996, p. 64.

^ White 2009, pp. 71, 79, 108.

^ Donald 1996, p. 17.

^ Donald 1996, p. 222.

^ Boritt & Pinsker 2002, pp. 137–153.

^ Oates 1974, p. 79.

^ "US Congressman Lincoln – Abraham Lincoln Historical Society". Abraham-lincoln-history.org. Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved February 2, 2019.

^ Harris 2007, p. 54; Foner 2010, p. 57.

^ "LINCOLN, Abraham | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved July 1, 2022.

^ Heidler & Heidler 2006, pp. 181–183.

^ Holzer 2004, p. 63.

^ Oates 1974, pp. 79–80.

^ Graebner 1959, pp. 199–202.

^ "Lincoln's Spot Resolutions". National Archives. Archived from the original on September 20, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2009.

^ Donald 1996, p. 128.

^ Donald 1996, pp. 124–126.

^ Donald 1996, p. 140.

^ Arnold, Isaac Newton (1885). 