ISBN 978-1-4668-4151-2.

^ The alleged impetus behind this policy was to guard against applicant fraud; however, only 14 cases of impersonation/attempted impersonation in the application process were uncovered the year prior. Glenn, 91, citing December 1937 issue of The Postal Alliance.

^ Lewis, Tom (November 2, 2015). "How Woodrow Wilson Stoked the First Urban Race Riot". Politico. Retrieved August 9, 2022.

^ Lewis, p. 332

^ James, Rawn (2013). The Double V: How Wars, Protest, and Harry Truman Desegregated America's Military. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing USA. pp. 49–51. ISBN 978-1-60819-617-3.

^ Cooke, James J. (1999). The All-Americans at War: The 82nd Division in the Great War, 1917–1918. New York: Praeger.

^ Foner, Jack D. (1974). Blacks and the Military in American History: A New Perspective. New York: Praeger. p. 124.

^ Cooper (2009), pp. 407–408

^ Cooper (2009), pp. 409–410

^ Rucker, Walter C.; Upton, James N. (2007). Encyclopedia of American Race Riots. Greenwood. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-313-33301-9.

^ Jump up to: a b c d Schuessler, Jennifer (November 29, 2015). "Woodrow Wilson's Legacy Gets Complicated". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 30, 2015. Retrieved August 29, 2016.

^ Zimmerman, Jonathan (November 23, 2015). 