who defended the soldiers involved in the boston massacre during their trial
John Adams
862856
charged with murder. Defended by lawyer and future American president John Adams, six of the soldiers were acquitted, while the other two were convicted of manslaughter and given reduced sentences. The men found guilty of manslaughter were sentenced to branding on their hand. Depictions, reports, and propaganda about the event, notably the colored engraving produced by Paul Revere (shown at top-right), further heightened tensions throughout the Thirteen Colonies. Boston, the capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and an important shipping town, was a major center of resistance to unpopular acts of taxation by the British Parliament in the 1760s.
Boston Massacre
5552930
1770, members of the Grenadier company under Captain Thomas Preston were involved in the Boston Massacre, when five colonists died during a riot in front of the Boston customs house. The 29th was later dubbed the "Vein Openers," for allegedly drawing first blood in the American Revolution. Those involved were tried for murder, defended by John Adams, a future President of the United States; two soldiers, Hugh Montgomery and Matthew Kilroy were found guilty of manslaughter and branded on the thumb. Preston and the others were found not guilty and following the trial, the regiment moved to British-controlled Florida in
29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot
6144901
be borne He used the signatures Mentor, Callisthenes, Marchmont Needham, Edward Sexby, &c., in later letters to the "Boston Gazette." After the Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770) he and John Adams defended Captain Preston and the accused soldiers and secured their acquittal. Prosecuting the case were Robert Treat Paine and Josiah's older brother Samuel Quincy, who shortly after was named solicitor general. He traveled for his health in the South in 1773, and left in his journal an interesting account of his travels and of society in South Carolina; this journey was important in that it brought Southern patriots into
Josiah Quincy II
6144898
Josiah Quincy II Josiah Quincy II (; February 23, 1744April 26, 1775) was an American lawyer and patriot. He was a principal spokesman for the Sons of Liberty in Boston prior to the Revolution and was John Adams' co-counsel during the trials of Captain Thomas Preston and the soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre. Quincy was the son of Col. Josiah Quincy I and the father of the Harvard president and Boston mayor Josiah Quincy III. He was a descendant of Edmund Quincy, who emigrated to Massachusetts in 1633. His first cousin once removed was Dorothy Quincy, wife of Governor
Josiah Quincy II
6144903
of tuberculosis on April 26, 1775, on a boat within sight of the Massachusetts shore. Josiah Quincy II Josiah Quincy II (; February 23, 1744April 26, 1775) was an American lawyer and patriot. He was a principal spokesman for the Sons of Liberty in Boston prior to the Revolution and was John Adams' co-counsel during the trials of Captain Thomas Preston and the soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre. Quincy was the son of Col. Josiah Quincy I and the father of the Harvard president and Boston mayor Josiah Quincy III. He was a descendant of Edmund Quincy, who emigrated
Josiah Quincy II
862856
charged with murder. Defended by lawyer and future American president John Adams, six of the soldiers were acquitted, while the other two were convicted of manslaughter and given reduced sentences. The men found guilty of manslaughter were sentenced to branding on their hand. Depictions, reports, and propaganda about the event, notably the colored engraving produced by Paul Revere (shown at top-right), further heightened tensions throughout the Thirteen Colonies. Boston, the capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and an important shipping town, was a major center of resistance to unpopular acts of taxation by the British Parliament in the 1760s.
Boston Massacre
862878
the public debate there. The government was determined to give the soldiers a fair trial so there could be no grounds for retaliation from the British and so moderates would not be alienated from the Patriot cause. After several lawyers with Loyalist leanings refused to defend him, Preston sent a request to John Adams, pleading for him to work on the case. Adams, who was already a leading Patriot and who was contemplating a run for public office, agreed to help, in the interest of ensuring a fair trial. Adams was joined by Josiah Quincy II after the latter was
Boston Massacre
3833772
given </poem> Although the term has rarely been used in North America, a notable example of such use was when John Adams successfully defended the British Army soldiers responsible for the 1770 Boston Massacre by pleading to the jury that the soldiers were acting in self-defence against: ... most probably a motley rabble of saucy boys, negros and molattoes, Irish Teagues and outlandish jack tarrs. —And why we should scruple to call such a set of people a mob, I can't conceive, unless the name is too respectable for them: In the context of segregation in Northern Ireland and sectarianism
Tadhg
20354
the soldiers fired into the crowd anyway. They hit 11 people; three civilians died at the scene of the shooting, and two died after the incident. The event quickly came to be called the Boston Massacre. The soldiers were tried and acquitted (defended by John Adams), but the widespread descriptions soon began to turn colonial sentiment against the British. This, in turn, began a downward spiral in the relationship between Britain and the Province of Massachusetts. A new ministry under Lord North came to power in 1770, and Parliament withdrew all taxes except the tax on tea, giving up its
American Revolution
9563397
American law was in the 1770 murder trial of the British soldiers responsible for the Boston Massacre. One of the victims, Patrick Carr, told his doctor before he died that the soldiers had been provoked. The doctor's testimony helped defense attorney John Adams to secure acquittals for some of the defendants and reduced charges for the rest. If the defendant is convicted of homicide but the reliability of the dying declaration is in question, there is grounds for an appeal. The future of the dying declaration doctrine in light of Supreme Court opinions such as "Crawford v. Washington" (2004) is
Dying declaration
6748194
activity in the decade before 1775, with Massachusetts natives Samuel Adams, John Adams, and John Hancock as leaders who would become important in the revolution. Boston had been under military occupation since 1768. When customs officials were attacked by mobs, two regiments of British regulars arrived. They had been housed in the city with increasing public outrage. In Boston on March 5, 1770, what began as a rock-throwing incident against a few British soldiers ended in the shooting of five men by British soldiers in what became known as the Boston Massacre. The incident caused further anger against British authority
History of Massachusetts
5765816
Massacre on 5 March 1770, when British troops fired on colonists of the city, after an aggressive mob had confronted the troops and thrown snowballs, clubs, and rocks at them. Charges were brought against him and other soldiers, but he was acquitted in a trial held in Boston, Massachusetts. Future United States President John Adams was his attorney. It is still unknown whether or not Preston gave the order to fire; many historians believe that he did not. Two of his men, Hugh Montgomery and Matthew Kilroy, were found guilty of manslaughter. They "prayed clergy" to avoid the death sentence.
Thomas Preston (British Army officer)
10362752
Boston Bar Association The Boston Bar Association (BBA) is a volunteer non-governmental organization in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. With headquarters located at 16 Beacon Street in the historic Chester Harding House, across from the Massachusetts State House on Beacon Hill, the BBA has 11,000 members drawn from private practice, corporations, government agencies, legal aid organizations, the courts and law schools. It traces its origins to meetings convened by John Adams, the lawyer who provided "pro bono" representation to the British soldiers prosecuted for the Boston Massacre and went on to become the second president of the United States. Governed by
Boston Bar Association
357616
Hitler's failed offensive cost 700 tanks and most of their remaining mobile forces in the west, as well as most of their irreplaceable reserves of manpower and materiel. During the battle, SS-"Obersturmbannführer" Joachim Peiper left a path of destruction, which included Waffen-SS soldiers under his command murdering American POWs and unarmed Belgian civilians in the Malmedy massacre. Captured SS soldiers who were part of "Kampfgruppe Peiper" were tried during the Malmedy massacre trial following the war for this massacre and several others in the area. Many of the perpetrators were sentenced to hang, but the sentences were commuted. Peiper was
Schutzstaffel
18856416
was removed in favor of someone who was more outraged by British aggression. He was not out of a job for long, as he was appointed Associate Justice for the colony's supreme judicial court within the year. In 1770, he was one of the presiding judges for the trials of the British soldiers and others involved in the Boston Massacre. Trowbridge retired to private life two years after this trial. He died in 1793 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. A street in Cambridge is named after him. His nephew, judge Edmund Trowbridge Dana, was also named after him. Both were buried at
Edmund Trowbridge
7911097
the Iraqis put the Americans alleged to have committed these crimes on trial. The United States wants to encourage the fledgling Iraqi institution of democracy, right? That's why we wanted Saddam tried in Iraq, and through the Iraqi judicial system--both to build up its legitimacy and to give Iraqis the sense of ownership that comes with having control over the legal process. Why, then, shouldn't we also turn over our own soldiers who were involved in either the Haditha massacre or any of the other possible massacres for trial under the Iraqi justice system? News website NewsMax suggested that the
Haditha massacre
11410131
of Adams popularized by historian John Miller, Adams deliberately provoked the incident to promote his secret agenda of American independence. According to Pauline Maier, however, "There is no evidence that he prompted the Boston Massacre riot". After the Boston Massacre, Adams and other town leaders met with Bernard's successor Governor Thomas Hutchinson and with Colonel William Dalrymple, the army commander, to demand the withdrawal of the troops. The situation remained explosive, and so Dalrymple agreed to remove both regiments to Castle William. Adams wanted the soldiers to have a fair trial, because this would show that Boston was not controlled
Samuel Adams
862879
assured that the Sons of Liberty would not oppose his appointment, and by Robert Auchmuty, a Loyalist. They were assisted by Sampson Salter Blowers, whose chief duty was to investigate the jury pool, and Paul Revere, who drew a detailed map of the bodies to be used in the trial of the British soldiers held responsible. Massachusetts Solicitor General Samuel Quincy and private attorney Robert Treat Paine, hired by the town of Boston, handled the prosecution. Preston was tried separately in late October 1770. He was acquitted after the jury was convinced that he had not ordered the troops to
Boston Massacre
7458028
Le Paradis massacre The Le Paradis massacre was a war crime committed by members of the 14th Company, SS Division Totenkopf, under the command of "Hauptsturmführer" Fritz Knöchlein. It took place on 27 May 1940, during the Battle of France, at a time when troops of British Expeditionary Force (BEF) were attempting to retreat through the Pas-de-Calais region during the Battle of Dunkirk. Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, the Royal Norfolk Regiment, had become isolated from their unit. They occupied and defended a farmhouse against an attack by Waffen-SS forces in the village of Le Paradis. After running out of
Le Paradis massacre
6810546
in 1573, but by 1579 the Hamiltons were outlawed, and Lord Claud fled to France. Levies of troops were raised to capture Craignethan and Cadzow, and both surrendered to government forces in May 1579. Claud's older brother the 3rd Earl of Arran, who had been confined at Craignethan since 1575, their younger brother David, and mother were captured and taken to Linlithgow. Six soldiers of the Hamilton family who had defended the Hamilton strongholds were taken to stand trial for Moray's murder at Stirling. By royal authority, Craignethan was slighted by James Hamilton of Libertoun, this involved the demolition of
Craignethan Castle
3491577
Malmedy massacre trial The Malmedy massacre trial ("U.S. vs. Valentin Bersin, et al.") was held in May–July 1946 in the former Dachau concentration camp to try the German Waffen-SS soldiers accused of the Malmedy massacre of December 17, 1944. The highest-ranking defendant was the former Waffen-SS general Sepp Dietrich. The Malmedy massacre was a series of killings committed by members of Kampfgruppe Peiper, part of the 1st SS Panzer Division, against American prisoners of war and Belgian civilians during the Battle of the Bulge. Although the killing of over 80 American POWs near Baugnez was the primary subject of the
Malmedy massacre trial
5093051
published in 1956; it was later retitled "Transvaal Episode". It was dedicated to four people: his wife Beryl, who provided editorial assistance and typed the manuscript; Bram Fischer, Bloom's close friend who defended Nelson Mandela at the Rivonia Trial; Archbishop Trevor Huddleston, and Guy Routh. Bloom worked with Nelson Mandela in Johannesburg in the 1950s. During the state of emergency that followed the Sharpeville massacre in 1960, he was detained for 45 days without charges or trial, first at Roeland Street Prison and later at Worcester Prison near Cape Town. He worked on "Whittaker's Wife" (1962) during this time. "King
Harry Bloom
7549157
Kelly, Tim Zuber, David D'Iorio and Meredith Gardiner. Kellestine was defended by Clay Powell, a Toronto lawyer best known for defending Keith Richards of the Rolling Stones after he was arrested for heroin possession in Toronto in 1977; Sandham was defended by Don Crawford, a lawyer used to defending "ambitious dimwits"; and Aravena was defended by Tony Bryant, well known in Ontario for his dogged defense of the serial killer Paul Bernardo at his 1995 trial. Assisting Crawford was Gordon Cudmore and assisting Powell was Ken McMillian. During the trial, Powell and McMillian portrayed Sandham as a cold-blooded, ruthless schemer
Shedden massacre
16238768
deaths that occurred on the road between 9 and 11 August 1971 during the implementation of Operation Demetrius. The killings were carried out by members of the Parachute Regiment of the British Army who maintained that they were only returning fire after being shot at by republicans. Families of the victims however have been involved in a long campaign to seek acknowledgement from the British government that their relatives were not involved in any attacks on the soldiers. The Springhill Massacre, which followed in 1972 and was also said to be a case of soldiers killing civilians, also occurred on
Springfield Road
862880
fire. The trial of the eight soldiers opened on November 27, 1770. Adams told the jury to look beyond the fact the soldiers were British. He argued that if the soldiers were endangered by the mob, which he called "a motley rabble of saucy boys, negroes, and molattoes, Irish teagues and outlandish jack tarrs [i.e. sailors]", they had the legal right to fight back, and so were innocent. If they were provoked but not endangered, he argued, they were at most guilty of manslaughter. The jury agreed with Adams and acquitted six of the soldiers after two and one-half hours'
Boston Massacre
3048352
killed by a customs employee on 22 February 1770. Although British soldiers were not involved in that incident, resentment against the occupation escalated in the days that followed, resulting in the killing of five civilians in the Boston Massacre of 5 March 1770. After the incident, the troops were withdrawn to Castle William. On the 5th of March 1770— the same day as the Boston Massacre although news traveled slowly at the time, and neither side of the Atlantic were aware of this coincidence—Lord North, the new Prime Minister, presented a motion in the House of Commons that called for
Townshend Acts
12464362
who drifted from Butler County, Ohio, into Madison County early in 1824, was an obsessive Indian-hater. Native Americans kidnapped his three-year-old sister, Elizabeth, in 1800, and killed his brother, James, during the War of 1812. Harper was also the brother-in-law of John T. Bridge Sr., who was born in Boston, Massachusetts, and moved to Ohio before migrating to Indiana with his wife, Mary Harper, and their children in 1819. Mary died two years later and Bridge Sr. may have married the sister of a neighbor named Andrew Sawyer, who was also involved in the massacre; however, this has not been
Fall Creek massacre
20456471
women from the Szczuczyn ghetto were raped, robbed, and killed by their Polish employers while employed in field work in Bzury. In a 1950 trial by communist authorities one man, Stanislaw Zalewski, was sentenced to death (later commuted to prison). The names or fates of six other killers, who were tried at the trial, are undetermined. Szczuczyn pogrom Szczuczyn pogrom was the massacre of some 300 Jews in the community of Szczuczyn carried out by its Polish inhabitants in June 1941 after the town was bypassed by the invading German soldiers in the beginning of Operation Barbarossa. The June massacre
Szczuczyn pogrom
18483534
with red sarees to hide the blood stains resulting from rapes. On 28 May, Major Nadir Pervez arrived in Barguna. On 29 May, Major Pervez constituted a tribunal within the Barguna sub-divisional jail for the trial of the inmates and left for Patuakhali. The tribunal sentenced the Bengali Hindus and the Muslims who supported the idea of sovereign Bangladesh to death after a brief trial. When the first bell rang in the Barguna Zilla School adjacent to the jail, the Pakistani soldiers fired at their targets. Lakshman Das and his son Arun Das were killed in the massacre. Dr. Krishna
Barguna massacre
862854
Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was a confrontation on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers shot and killed five people while under harassment by locals. The incident was heavily publicized by leading Patriots, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams, to encourage rebellion against the British authorities. British troops had been stationed in Boston, capital of the Province of Massachusetts Bay, since 1768 in order to protect and support crown-appointed colonial officials attempting to enforce unpopular Parliamentary legislation. Amid ongoing tense relations between the population and the soldiers,
Boston Massacre
5988200
posted their own handbills which attacked the Sons of Liberty as "the real enemies of society" who "thought their freedom depended on a piece of wood". On January 19, 1770, six weeks before the Boston Massacre, Isaac Sears and others tried to stop some soldiers from posting handbills. Sears captured some of the soldiers and marched his captives towards the mayor's office, while the rest of the British soldiers ran to the barracks to sound the alarm. A crowd of townsfolk arrived along with a score of soldiers. The soldiers were surrounded and badly outnumbered. Fellow soldiers tried to rescue
Battle of Golden Hill
20629746
Lowveld massacre The Lowveld massacre was a shooting that occurred on 11 March 1986 at the Kabokweni magistrate court by a South African apartheid army and police force on thousands of young people who had gathered outside the court to protest during the trial of their fellow students. The massacre started with the killing of a student during the protest. During the funeral of the students the army and the police shot at the mourners and arrested 26 students without provocation. At the trial of the 26 students there were further shootings of the students. Many were injured and some
Lowveld massacre
1976228
for which they would be unable to work, leaving few with the ability to testify. George Washington called this the "Murder Act" because he believed that it allowed British officials to harass Americans and then escape justice. Many colonists believed the act was unnecessary because British soldiers had been given a fair trial following the Boston Massacre in 1770. The Quartering Act applied to all of the colonies, and sought to create a more effective method of housing British troops in America. In a previous act, the colonies had been required to provide housing for soldiers, but colonial legislatures had
Intolerable Acts
4406620
John Jeffries John Jeffries (5 February 1745 – 16 September 1819) was a Boston physician, scientist, and a military surgeon with the British Army in Nova Scotia and New York during the American Revolution. He is best known for accompanying Jean-Pierre Blanchard on his 1785 balloon flight across the English Channel. Born in Boston, Jeffries graduated from Harvard College and obtained his medical degree at the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Jeffries played a large role in the trial for the Boston Massacre as a witness for the defense. He was the surgeon for Patrick Carr, who was one of the
John Jeffries
11064251
"indirect co-perpetrator" for the crimes related to the Bogoro massacre but was only convicted of being an accessory to these crimes. This change in the charge was made by the Court during the trial. Judge Christine van den Wyngaert, in her dissenting opinion, said that it "has rendered this trial unfair by infringing a series of Germain Katanga's rights". The court acquitted Katanga of directing rapes and the use of child soldiers during the massacre, citing insufficient evidence to connect Katanga to these crimes, while at the same time emphasizing that these crimes did occur. The court cited evidence that
Germain Katanga
12125832
Massacre Day Massacre Day was a holiday in Boston, Massachusetts, from 1771 to 1783. It was held on March 5, the anniversary of the 1770 Boston Massacre. Each year a featured speaker would deliver an oration to commemorate the massacre. The speech would subsequently be printed. James Lovell delivered the first speech in 1771. Dr. Joseph Warren delivered the Massacre Day oration in 1772 and 1775. Benjamin Church was the featured speaker in 1773, followed the next year by John Hancock. In emotional language, the early speeches reminded listeners of the killings of civilians in Boston by British soldiers while
Massacre Day
6606348
chest. Fontaine, by contrast, fled to Quebec City and from there to Mexico. Fontaine was allowed to live as Boucher wanted to keep the services of his boyfriend Boutin. On 2 November 1998, Boucher's trial began in Montreal with Boucher being defended by Jacques Larochelle and Crown Attorney Jacques Dagenais prosecuting. The judge overseeing Boucher's trial, Justice Jean-Guy Boilard, had overseen the trial of Réjean Lessard and the men responsible for the Lennoxville massacre in 1986, and is known as the "most widely feared judge in Quebec's criminal courts", given to bullying lawyers and witnesses. During the trial, Justice Boilard
Maurice Boucher
18928388
criminal lawyer. In the quarter century preceding his death, he was involved in nearly every notable criminal proceeding in the Eastern United States. Among his most famous legal undertakings was the defense of Daniel Sickles during his trial for the murder of Philip Barton Key, the then Attorney General of the District of Columbia. During this trial, Brady worked with Edwin Stanton, who would go on to become the United States Secretary of War. Brady also defended Lew Baker at the murder trial of the infamous William "Bill the Butcher" Poole, whom Baker shot to death in 1855 at Stanwix
James T. Brady
8704229
including Felix Frankfurter. Thayer's behavior both on and off the bench during the trial drew criticism. A "Boston Globe" reporter, Frank Sibley, who had covered the trial, wrote a letter of protest to the Massachusetts attorney general condemning Thayer's bias. Others noted the frequency with which Thayer denied defense motions and the way he addressed defense attorney Fred H. Moore. Thayer defended his rulings to reporters saying, "No long-haired anarchist from California can run this court!" According to onlookers who later swore affidavits, in private discussion Thayer called Sacco and Vanzetti "Bolsheviki!" and said he would "get them good and
Webster Thayer
14179730
1890. Alfred Meacham, who survived the massacre, defended the Modocs who were put on trial. In 1874, war erupted on the southern Plains when Quanah Parker, leader of the Comanche, led 700 tribal warriors and attacked the buffalo hunter supply base on the Canadian River, at Adobe Walls, Texas. The Army under General Phil Sheridan launched a military campaign, and, with few casualties on either side, forced the Indians back to their reservations by destroying their horses and winter food supplies. Grant, who agreed to the Army plan advocated by Generals William T. Sherman and Phil Sheridan, imprisoned 74 insurgents
Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant
4752179
Canada extradited Sosa to the United States, where he is standing trial. On 25 July 2011, the office of Attorney General Claudia Paz y Paz began its trial in Guatemala City against four former soldiers of the Kaibiles special forces accused of participating in the massacre. On 2 August 2011, a court found the four soldiers, Manuel Pop, Reyes Collin Gualip, Daniel Martínez Hernández and Lieutenant Carlos Carías guilty of the massacre. They were sentenced to over 6,000 years each in prison. On 12 March 2012, Pedro Pimentel Rios was sentenced to a symbolic 6,060 years in prison for his
Dos Erres massacre
11144912
their investigation of 17 unnamed former SS soldiers (eight of whom were still alive) who were part of the unit involved in the massacre because of a lack of evidence. The statement said: "Belonging to a Waffen-SS unit that was deployed to Sant'Anna di Stazzema cannot replace the need to prove individual guilt. Rather, for every defendant it must be proven that he took part in the massacre, and in which form." The mayor of the village, Michele Silicani (a survivor who was 10 when the raid occurred), called the verdict "a scandal" and said he would urge Italy's justice
Sant'Anna di Stazzema massacre
11293094
Republic of Srpska Krajina. In 1992, the Scorpions came under the command of the Army of the Republic of Serb Krajina (ARSK). The Scorpions became part of the Serbian Ministry of Internal Affairs at some point in 1995. They participated in the Srebrenica massacre in July 1995. During the Kosovo War, the Scorpions were placed under the command of the Special Anti-Terrorist Unit (SAJ). They were involved in the Podujevo massacre in March 1999. The massacre resulted in the deaths of 14 Kosovo Albanians, mostly women and children. Following the Yugoslav Wars, the majority of soldiers who fought with the
Scorpions (paramilitary)
19481481
Australia and the US were involved in assisting the Indonesian military, and upgraded relations during this time included the signing of a security treaty. According to John Pilger and several other journalists, Keating was perceived as not having done enough, while Prime Minister, to prevent human rights abuses in East Timor, though others, such as Whitlam, have defended Keating's policies. Birmingham, Cotton and Thakur, writing in their respective books on the occupation of East Timor, stated that following the 1991 Dili massacre, which occurred on 12 November 1991, the Keating Government claimed the massacre was an aberration, and not indicative
Australia and the Indonesian occupation of East Timor
2715782
by the Court of Queens Bench in December 1886 to find securities for good behaviour, but two days later he was arrested while receiving rents on Lord Claricarde's estate at Portumna, County Galway. In this instance the jury disagreed, but in April 1887 he was again imprisoned under Coercion and upon release he resumed agrarian agitation with a speech during a demonstration in September where O'Brien was on trial in Mitchelstown during which the crowd threw stones at the police who then shot three civilians, known as the "Mitchelstown massacre". When in 1888 he defended Munster farmers he was again
John Dillon
17664336
inquiry on November 1 involving, among others, the Criminal Investigations Division of the military police. To limit publicity, a military cordon was maintained around the village for months, preventing journalists from approaching. David Ben-Gurion made his first public reference to the incident on November 12. Following public protests, eleven Border Police officers and soldiers involved in the massacre were charged with murder in a military court. The trial was presided over by Judge Benjamin Halevy. On October 16, 1958, eight of them were found guilty and sentenced to prison terms. Malinki received 17 and Dahan 15 years imprisonment. The court
Kafr Qasim massacre
862865
am aware of it." When they reached Private White on the custom house stairs, the soldiers loaded their muskets, and arrayed themselves in a semicircular formation. Preston shouted at the crowd, estimated to number between three and four hundred, to disperse. The crowd continued to press around the soldiers, taunting them by yelling, "Fire!", by spitting at and throwing snowballs and other small objects at them. Richard Palmes, a local innkeeper who was carrying a cudgel, came up to Preston and asked if the soldiers' weapons were loaded. Preston assured him they were, but that they would not fire unless
Boston Massacre
16534653
and intercepted the phone, were sentenced to life imprisonment. Scotto and Orofino, however, were acquitted on appeal. A second trial was started in 2002 after Scarantino changed his statements; this time, bosses Riina and Pietro Aglieri were accused of having ordered the massacre. Riina, Aglieri, Salvatore Biondino, Giuseppe Graviano, Carlo Greco, Gaetano Scotto, Francesco Tagliavia, Cosimo Vernengo, Giuseppe La Mattina, Natale Gambino, Lorenzo Tinnirello, Giuseppe Urso and Gaetano Muran were sentenced to life imprisonment. A third trial involved 26 other mafia bosses who had been involved in the massacre in various ways, ending with life sentences for Bernardo Provenzano, Pippo
Via D'Amelio bombing
13724148
St. Stephen's College massacre The St. Stephen's College massacre () involved a series of acts of extreme cruelty committed by the Imperial Japanese Army on 25 December 1941 during the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong at St. Stephen's College. Several hours before the British surrendered on Christmas day at the end of the Battle of Hong Kong, Japanese soldiers entered St. Stephen's College, which was being used as a hospital on the front line at the time. The Japanese were met by two doctors, Black and Witney, who were marched away, and were later found dead and mutilated. They then
St. Stephen's College massacre
10451887
as most others had left Boves before the massacre to hide out. Pieper defended the killing of civilians as collateral damage in a war action, but there were no partisans in Boves, they were on the surrounding mountains where the German troops did not pursue them. One possible explanation for the brutality of the massacre is that Peiper wanted to discourage straggling Italian soldiers, many of whom were at this point unsure about their next steps, from joining the local partisans. The region around Boves remained a hotspot for partisan activities and German reprisals which saw local villages devastated. Between
Boves massacre
889068
of the events, a stele was dedicated with the names of a few of the students and persons who lost their lives during the event. The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation has a mural commemorating the massacre. During June 2006, days before the controversial presidential election of 2006, 84-year-old Echeverría was charged with genocide in connection with the massacre. He was placed under house arrest pending trial. In early July of that year (after the presidential elections), he was cleared of genocide charges, as the judge found that Echeverría could not be put on trial because the statute
Tlatelolco massacre
20841350
Edmonson established that the massacre was carried out by soldiers of the 26th Panzer Division. The division was commanded by Eduard Crasemann at the time, who was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment for war crimes after the war and died in jail in West Germany in 1950. In 2011 military court in Italy tried four of the suspected perpetrators and found three of them guilty while the fourth one died during the trial. Ernst Pistor (Captain), Fritz Jauss (Warrant officer), and Johan Robert Riss (Sergeant) were found guilty while Gerhard Deissmann died before the sentencing, aged 100. The three were
Padule di Fucecchio massacre
217532
petition demanding Governor Bernard's recall. When Bernard returned to England in 1769, Bostonians celebrated. The British troops remained, however, and tensions between soldiers and civilians eventually resulted in the killing of five civilians in the Boston Massacre of March 1770. Hancock was not involved in the incident, but afterwards he led a committee to demand the removal of the troops. Meeting with Bernard's successor, Governor Thomas Hutchinson, and the British officer in command, Colonel William Dalrymple, Hancock claimed that there were 10,000 armed colonists ready to march into Boston if the troops did not leave. Hutchinson knew that Hancock was
John Hancock
4865962
their immediate consequences - was a subject worthy of study in its own right, and one which could be best studied from the perspective of those immediately involved; that is, the soldiers of the German army and the civilians who lost their homes, their families, and their friends in the course of those terrible months. Hillgruber did not deny that the German soldiers who defended to the last possible moment every inch of German territory in the East were also defending a brutal regime. But he added to this observation the equally important fact that there was an independent moral
Andreas Hillgruber
15371851
the Latins" of the killing of Roman Catholics in Constantinople in 1182. An early use in the propagandistic portrayal of current events was the "Boston Massacre" of 1770, which was employed to build support for the American Revolution. A pamphlet with the title "A short narrative of the horrid massacre in Boston, perpetrated in the evening of the fifth day of March, 1770, by soldiers of the 29th regiment" was printed in Boston still in 1770. The term "massacre" began to see inflationary use in journalism first half of the 20th century. By the 1970s, it could also be used
Massacre
19770447
Camp Van Dorn Slaughter The Camp Van Dorn Slaughter was an alleged massacre of black soldiers occurring Camp Van Dorn, a U.S. Army installation near Centreville, Mississippi in June 1943. The alleged victims were members of the 364th Infantry Regiment. Prior to their assignment to Camp Van Dorn, the soldiers of the unit were involved in a racial incident in Phoenix, Arizona, known as The Phoenix Massacre, in which soldiers from the 364th rioted in Phoenix overnight. In June 1943, about 1,200 Negro soldiers were allegedly massacred by fellow white soldiers at Camp Van Dorn. An investigation by the U.S.
Camp Van Dorn Slaughter
1734547
Despite this, he continued to lobby for a formal appointment as governor. He categorically refused to again serve as lieutenant governor under another governor, preferring instead a posting elsewhere, or to resign the lieutenant governorship. Hutchinson was still acting governor when protests over the Townshend taxes erupted into the Boston Massacre on 5 March 1770, when British soldiers fired into a crowd, killing five people. Hutchinson went to the scene in the aftermath of the shooting, and promised that justice would be applied fairly. He had all of the British soldiers involved in the incident arrested the next day, but
Thomas Hutchinson (governor)
862888
on March 5 under the auspices of the Bostonian Society. The Old State House, the massacre site, and the Granary Burying Ground are all part of Boston's Freedom Trail, connecting sites important in the city's revolutionary-era history. Boston Massacre The Boston Massacre, known as the Incident on King Street by the British, was a confrontation on March 5, 1770, in which British Army soldiers shot and killed five people while under harassment by locals. The incident was heavily publicized by leading Patriots, such as Paul Revere and Samuel Adams, to encourage rebellion against the British authorities. British troops had been
Boston Massacre
3491593
the particular case of Lieutenant Christ. In summary, Clay had written that "he was personally convinced of the culpability of Christ and, that for this reason his death sentence was fully justified. But, to apply this sentence would be equivalent accepting a bad administration of justice, which led <nowiki>[him]</nowiki>, not without reserve, to commute the death penalty to life imprisonment". Malmedy massacre trial The Malmedy massacre trial ("U.S. vs. Valentin Bersin, et al.") was held in May–July 1946 in the former Dachau concentration camp to try the German Waffen-SS soldiers accused of the Malmedy massacre of December 17, 1944. The
Malmedy massacre trial
20629747
were killed. South African celebrated actor and playwright Mcedisi Shabangu has written a play based on this massacre Lowveld massacre The Lowveld massacre was a shooting that occurred on 11 March 1986 at the Kabokweni magistrate court by a South African apartheid army and police force on thousands of young people who had gathered outside the court to protest during the trial of their fellow students. The massacre started with the killing of a student during the protest. During the funeral of the students the army and the police shot at the mourners and arrested 26 students without provocation. At
Lowveld massacre
2657096
operation dismissed Drucker’s charges as “Vanity of vanities, nonsense, a pile of bullshit". Bennett's position was also defended by other officers involved in the incident, including David Zonshine, later chairman of the human rights NGO B'Tselem, who called the reports "disconnected from reality," and by "Haaretz"s defense analyst Amos Harel. Qana massacre The Qana massacre took place on April 18, 1996, near Qana, a village in Southern Lebanon, when the Israel Defense Forces fired artillery shells at a United Nations compound. Of 800 Lebanese civilians who had taken refuge in the compound, 106 were killed and around 116 injured. Four
Qana massacre
16617947
by the court of contempt and sedition but was not sentenced. His supporters, mostly from the Boston church, circulated a petition on his behalf. The religious controversy had immediate political ramifications. During the election of May 1637, the free grace advocates suffered two major setbacks when Vane was defeated by John Winthrop in the gubernatorial race, and the Boston magistrates who supported Hutchinson and Wheelwright were voted out of office. Vane returned to England in August 1637. At the November 1637 court, Wheelwright was sentenced to banishment, and Anne Hutchinson was brought to trial. She defended herself well against the
Antinomian Controversy
862882
by the crowd and that the soldiers were much more restrained against the colonists compared to their usual tactics against the people of his native country of Ireland. He claimed that the Boston mob began to throw dangerous projectiles, and that the soldiers fired their muskets in self-defense. The testimony of Samuel Hemmingway is reprinted below: When Justices Edmund Trowbridge and Peter Oliver instructed the jury, Oliver specifically addressed Carr's testimony, stating: "this Carr was not upon oath, it is true, but you will determine whether a man just stepping into eternity is not to be believed, especially in favor
Boston Massacre
4826890
massacre was a war crime committed by members of the 14th Company, SS Division "Totenkopf", under the command of "Hauptsturmführer" Fritz Knöchlein. It took place on 27 May 1940, during the Battle of France, at a time when the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was attempting to retreat through the Pas-de-Calais region during the Battle of Dunkirk. Soldiers of the 2nd Battalion, the Royal Norfolk Regiment, had become isolated from their regiment. They occupied and defended a farmhouse against an attack by Waffen-SS forces in the village of Le Paradis. After running out of ammunition, the defenders surrendered to the German
3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf
18663460
gathered to cheer the prisoners, the authorities provided the prisoners with an escort of 200 soldiers of the Royal Warwickshire and West Cork Regiments, with bayonets fixed. The boycott on Browne resumed when the Kents had served their time. At the close of May 1890, Tom (who had returned from Boston) and his brother William were charged, alongside Austin Rice, with intimidating Mary Murphy, an elderly woman who worked for Browne, by making sure she was unable to purchase a pig at the fair. During their trial, Browne, now under police protection, told how horns were continually blown towards his
Kent family of Bawnard
14510118
western Romania, however there she was arrested and transferred to Cluj for trial. The case involved several other important communist activists (Eugen Rozvan, Dan Avramescu) and was brought before a military tribunal, the War Council of the 6th Army Corps - Cluj. The trial had an important impact on the public opinion, and the group was defended by Lucrețiu Pătrășcanu, who would become one of the communist leaders after World War II. According to Haia's deposition, during the investigations she was tortured and severely beaten. During the deposition she also demanded the re-legalisation of the UTC and of the Communist
Haia Lifșiț
20298294
George Vanderveer George Vanderveer was an early 20th-Century American "conservative Seattle lawyer" who defended Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) members during the union's years of "deepest trouble." Vanderveer was born on August 2, 1875. During and after World War I, Vanderveer became a champion of IWW laborers. Beyond cases (below), he even wrote Governor Ernest Lister of Washington State to stop the arrest of "Wobblies" because their imprisonment was a "grievous social and industrial wrong." In 1916, Vanderveer defended Wobblies accused in this strike and massacre. Vanderveer defended 101 IWW members, including IWW co-founder Bill Haywood, in a Chicago
George Vanderveer
11206494
of the attack spread when one of the Lachine survivors reached a local garrison, three miles (4.8 km) away, and notified the soldiers of the events. In response to the attack, the French mobilized 200 soldiers, under the command of Daniel d'Auger de Subercase, along with 100 armed civilians and some soldiers from nearby forts Rémy, Rolland and La Présentation, to marched against the Iroquois. They defended some of the fleeing colonists from their Mohawk pursuers, but just prior to reaching Lachine, the armed forces were recalled to Fort Rolland by order of Governor Denonville. He was trying to pacify
Lachine massacre
658150
filed by the International Committee. In the same interrogation session before the trial Matsui said one officer and three low-ranking soldiers were court-martialled because of their misbehavior in Nanjing and the officer was sentenced to death. In his affidavit Matsui said he ordered his officers to investigate the massacre and to take necessary action. In court, however, Matsui said that he did not have jurisdiction over the soldiers' misconduct since he was not in the position of supervising military discipline and morals. Matsui asserted that he had never ordered the execution of Chinese POWs. He further argued that he had
Nanjing Massacre
9461755
Rs. 2,500 (U.S. $27) each for their role in an abduction and murder in 1989. The independent commission instituted to look into the Kokkadichcholai incident recommended that compensation of some 5.25 million rupees (approximately CDN$210,000) to be paid to next of kin of those who were killed (67 were identified) and to people who lost property in the rampage. The commission also recommends prosecution of the soldiers involved. In 2001 the army accepted responsibility for the large scale massacre at the hamlet of Kokkadicholai. A military tribunal found the commanding officer guilty of failure to control his troops and illegal
1991 Kokkadichcholai massacre
773766
peace garden. On 19 August 2009, Calley made his first public apology for the massacre in a speech to the Kiwanis club of Greater Columbus, Georgia:There is not a day that goes by that I do not feel remorse for what happened that day in Mỹ Lai", he told members of the club. "I feel remorse for the Vietnamese who were killed, for their families, for the American soldiers involved and their families. I am very sorry...If you are asking why I did not stand up to them when I was given the orders, I will have to say that
My Lai Massacre
11304975
Keller, both within Croke's archdiocese, were imprisoned. Balfour defended Divisional Magistrate Plunkett's injunction to the police under threat: ""Do not hesitate to shoot"", in the House of Commons. Later in 1887, when O’Brien and a local Tipperary farmer John Mandeville were taken for trial to Mitchelstown, Dillon was present and after he delivered a speech denouncing Balfour, the crowd of 8,000 threw stones at the police, who retreated and then opened fire, killing three people in what became known as the "Mitchelstown Massacre". Balfour defended his subordinates, for which O'Brien dubbed him "Bloody Balfour" in the House of Commons. The
Plan of Campaign
725915
the "Das Reich" division, who had given the orders for retaliation against the Resistance, died in 1971, following a successful entrepreneurial career. At the time of the trial, he lived in Düsseldorf, in the former British occupation zone of West Germany, and the French government never obtained his extradition from West Germany. The last trial of a Waffen-SS member who had been involved took place in 1983. Former SS-"Obersturmführer" Heinz Barth was tracked down in East Germany. Barth had participated in the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre as a platoon leader in the "Der Führer" regiment, commanding 45 SS men. He was one
Oradour-sur-Glane massacre
15110702
missing in action. Also, popular accounts state that Beijing police officers defended citizens and used their weapons against the incoming soldiers. Finally, Li Xiaoming was an officer in the 116th army division in the 39th group army and was one of the first soldiers to talk about the events of Tiananmen publicly. Some soldiers in the 116th army division did not support the violence against the students and felt empathy towards the victims of the massacre. The division’s commander Xu Feng refused to obey orders and pretended not to receive any messages from higher officials. Therefore, on June 4, instead
People's Liberation Army at the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests
18267520
fought for the patriots. Historian Gary B. Nash reports that recent research concludes there were about 9,000 black Patriot soldiers, counting the Continental Army and Navy, and state militia units, as well as privateers, wagoneers in the Army, servants to officers, and spies. Historian Ray Raphael notes that while thousands did join the Loyalist cause, "A far larger number, free as well as slave, tried to further their interests by siding with the patriots." Crispus Attucks, who was shot dead by British soldiers in the Boston Massacre in 1770, is an iconic martyr to Patriots. Both sides offered freedom and
Approving the location of the National Liberty Monument
862877
their duties. The depositions that Hutchinson collected and sent to London were eventually published in a pamphlet entitled "A Fair Account of the Late Unhappy Disturbance in Boston". Drawn mainly from depositions by soldiers, its account of affairs sought to blame selfish Bostonians for denying the validity of Parliamentary laws. It also blamed the city's hoodlums and gangs for the lawlessness preceding the event, and claimed that they set up an ambush of the soldiers. However, as it was not published until well after the first pamphlet had arrived in London, it ended up having a much smaller impact on
Boston Massacre
5223689
a second battalion on 1 December 1941. The 1st Bn Malay Regiment was famous for its defence of Opium Hill or "Bukit Chandu" in Singapore. The ‘Battle of Opium Hill’ on 14 February 1942 involved 42 soldiers commanded by Lt. Adnan Saidi who defended their position against attack from the 18th Division of the Japanese Imperial Army under Lt. Gen. Renya Mutaguchi. After World War II and during the Malayan Emergency, the number of battalions was increased to seven in the early 1950s. The "Kor Armor Diraja" ('Royal Armoured Corps') can trace its roots to the formation on 1 September
Malaysian Army
16341043
Four Hours in My Lai Four Hours in My Lai is a 1989 television documentary made by Yorkshire Television concerning the 1968 My Lai Massacre by the U.S. Army during the Vietnam War. The film includes interviews with soldiers at the massacre, and the later trials of those involved. The programme first broadcast on ITV as part of Yorkshire Television's "First Tuesday" documentaries. Michael Bilton and Kevin Sim, who created the film, based a book of the same name off the documentary; after release, the book was met with mixed reception. The documentary and book tell the story of the
Four Hours in My Lai
10692015
equivalent to a grand jury) in Tikrit, Iraq and Courts Martial proceedings in Fort Campbell, Kentucky. The third soldier was defended by two military lawyers in the same proceedings, but was considered to be separate from the other two soldiers. After eight months of legal battles, the third soldier who was subsequently involved agreed to testify against the other defendants. Facing mandatory life sentences, the two soldiers who carried out the executions entered plea deals that reduced their maximum sentence to 18 years, making them eligible for parole after 5½ years. According to his lawyers, the third soldier was "to
Operation Iron Triangle
4586546
1980s and early 1990s, aimed at changing U.S. foreign policy towards South African apartheid and Central America. Along with activist Abbie Hoffman and 13 others, she was arrested during a 1986 demonstration at the University of Massachusetts Amherst for protesting CIA recruitment there. She was acquitted of all charges in a well-publicized trial in Northampton, Massachusetts. Attorney Leonard Weinglass, who defended Abbie Hoffman in the Chicago Seven trial in the 1960s, utilized the necessity defense, successfully arguing that because the CIA was involved in criminal activity in Central America and other hotspots, preventing it from recruiting on campus was equivalent
Amy Carter
20732801
the worst cases of miscarriage of justice and unjust detention in Italian history: Gulotta spent 22 years in jail and was then acquitted during a revisal of the trial, which took place after one of the Carabinieri officers involved in the investigation admitted that Gulotta's confession was obtained through torture and intimidation. The massacre remains unsolved: the most accredited hypotheses involve the Mafia, terrorist organizations involved in Italy's strategy of tension, members of the Gladio organization, or a crime related to weapons trafficking. Two Carabinieri officers, the nineteen years old Carmine Apuzzo and corporal Salvatore Falcetta, were killed inside the
Alcamo Marina Massacre
20359066
of the massacre, a group of children managed to escape the massacre and took shelter in a nearby paddy field, but were later caught by the military, placed on the floor and impaled. Their bodies were then thrown in the river. Tula Toli massacre The Tula Toli massacre was a mass-killing of Rohingya people that purportedly occurred during a Myanmar Army clearance operation in the village of Tula Toli (also known as Min Gyi), Rakhine State, near the Bangladesh–Myanmar border. According to eyewitnesses, Burmese soldiers allegedly carried out the massacre with the support of local Rakhines who also resided in
Tula Toli massacre
889059
de Tlatelolco, where snipers were positioned into the roof; the nearby convent and the Foreign Relations Tower, where there were many people involved including the ones who fired the first two flares; a machine gun on the 19th floor; and a video camera on the 17th floor. Video evidence shows 10 white-gloved men leaving the church and bumping into soldiers, who point their weapons at them. One of the men shows what appears to be an ID, and they are let go. The killing continued throughout the night, with soldiers and policemen operating on a house-to-house basis in the apartment
Tlatelolco massacre
15816590
of the King of England and beyond the jurisdiction of Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Boston court sent soldiers who confiscated the men's writings, then carried the men to Boston for trial. The official charges against them had nothing to do with any transactions with the Indians, but instead were about their writings and beliefs. The men were charged with heresy and sedition, sentenced to confinement, and threatened with death should they "break jail, or preach their heresies or speak against church or state." Holden was imprisoned in Salem in November 1643, but he was released from prison in March 1644
Randall Holden
13266032
Ferde Grofé, who conducted it at Madison Square Garden; it was also played by the Boston Pops Orchestra under Arthur Fiedler. Stuart then studied orchestration. Her orchestral scores "Night Froth", "The Island" (sinfonietta), "Smoke Drift" and "Twilight City" (piano and orchestra) were all premiered by the Boston Pops. During World War II, she was involved in a housing bureau for servicemen stationed in Boston, and often played for hospitalised soldiers. She conducted an all-woman ensemble, and was pianist and assistant conductor of the Women's Symphony of Boston. She founded the Junior League Orchestra in Boston and conducted it for seven
Peggy Stuart Coolidge
3428820
and the information was provided to the State Prosecutor of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the understanding that the names would not be made public until official proceedings had been opened. On 4 October 2005, the working group said they had identified 25,083 people who were involved in the massacre, including 19,473 members of various Bosnian Serb armed forces that actively gave orders or directly took part in the massacre. On 1 June 2005, video evidence was introduced at the Slobodan Milošević trial to testify to the involvement of members of police units from Serbia in the Srebrenica massacre. The video,
Srebrenica massacre
12415651
not believe that the massacre took place, despite a book about the massacre by "padre" Formato published in 1946, a year before the trial. Because there was doubt as to who issued what order, Lanz was only charged with the deaths of Gandin and the officers. Lanz lied in court by stating he had refused to obey Hitler’s orders to shoot the prisoners because he was revolted by them. He claimed that the report to Army Group E, claiming 5,000 soldiers were shot, was a ruse employed to deceive the army command in order to hide the fact that he
Massacre of the Acqui Division
8417522
seven people were killed, including a six-year-old child. Among the victims was 17-year-old Arumaithurai Tharmaletchumi. She was dragged from a boutique in the village and taken to the milk collection centre where she was raped before being shot. "Antony Joseph", a 14-year-old boy, who tried to stop the soldiers from dragging her away, was shot between his legs.There were reports of one more rape and murder as well. In total two girls were raped and murdered as part of the massacre. The trial of the Kumarapuram massacre has been pending at the Trincomalee High Court. All the accused have been
Kumarapuram massacre
4245496
humanity, laid the blame for them firmly at the feet of the government and the military, and said that they had been carried out as part of a premeditated state policy. In May 1997, the villagers named as plaintiffs in the criminal investigation gave the authorities a list of names of soldiers and patrolmen who had been involved in the massacre. In June 1997, their legal representatives the "Centro para Acción Legal en Derechos Humanos" (CALDH) requested ballistic tests on the spent cartridges found in the graves; the ballistic material was reported as "lost" by the prosecution service and did
Plan de Sánchez massacre
862881
deliberation. Two of the soldiers were found guilty of manslaughter because there was overwhelming evidence that they had fired directly into the crowd. The jury's decisions suggest that they believed the soldiers had felt threatened by the crowd, but should have delayed firing. The convicted soldiers were granted reduced sentences by pleading "benefit of clergy", which reduced their punishment from a death sentence to branding of the thumb in open court. Carr's deathbed account of the event is regarded as the most important piece of evidence exonerating the eight defendants of murder charges. Carr testified that the soldiers were provoked
Boston Massacre
9989128
the colonies. On March 5, 1770, when a lone British sentry was accosted by an mob of citizens, eight of his fellow soldiers reinforced him, and the crowd around them grew to several hundred. The soldiers were struck with snowballs, ice, and stones, and in the chaos the soldiers opened fire, killing five civilians, bringing about the infamous Boston Massacre. The accused soldiers were arrested on charges of murder. When no other attorneys would come to their defense, Adams was impelled to do so despite the risk to his reputation—he believed no person should be denied the right to counsel
John Adams
10984195
of our liberation is at hand." According to the witnesses, the letter demanded the massacre at Portella della Ginestra in exchange for liberty for all of the gang. The trial against the perpetrators for the massacre started in the summer of 1950 in Viterbo. Scelba was again said to have been involved in the plot to carry out the massacre, but the accusations were often contradictionary or vague. In the end the judge concluded that no higher authority had ordered the massacre, and that the Giuliano band had acted autonomously. At the Viterbo trial Pisciotta said: Pisciotta also claimed that
Portella della Ginestra massacre
18424685
Massacre in Podgaje The Podgaje Massacre refers to the mass murder of Polish Army soldiers, who were captured in January 1945 by the Waffen SS. It took place on January 31, 1945 in the town of Podgaje. Dutch soldiers of the Kampfgruppe Elster (of 48 SS Panzergrenadier Regiment "General Seyffardt" as a part of 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)) killed 32 soldiers of 4th Company, 3rd Infantry Regiment, Polish 1st Tadeusz Kosciuszko Infantry Division. Polish soldiers were captured during heavy fighting, in which First Polish Army tried to break through German defensive fortifications, known as the
Massacre in Podgaje
18424687
"PODGAJE 31 I 1945". Massacre in Podgaje The Podgaje Massacre refers to the mass murder of Polish Army soldiers, who were captured in January 1945 by the Waffen SS. It took place on January 31, 1945 in the town of Podgaje. Dutch soldiers of the Kampfgruppe Elster (of 48 SS Panzergrenadier Regiment "General Seyffardt" as a part of 15th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Latvian)) killed 32 soldiers of 4th Company, 3rd Infantry Regiment, Polish 1st Tadeusz Kosciuszko Infantry Division. Polish soldiers were captured during heavy fighting, in which First Polish Army tried to break through German defensive
Massacre in Podgaje
10370494
on 14 February 1942 involved 42 soldiers commanded by Lt. Adnan Bin Saidi who defended their position against attack from the 18th Division of the Japanese Imperial Army under Lt. Gen. Renya Mutaguchi. After World War II and during the Malayan Emergency, the number of battalions was increased to 7 in the early 1950s. The "Kor Armor DiRaja" (Malay; English: Royal Armoured Corps) can trace its roots to the formation on 1 September 1952 of the Federation Reconnaissance Squadron. It was later merged with the Federation Regiment to form the Federation Reconnaissance Corps. The name underwent a few transformations from
Military history of Malaysia
7911104
in Haditha is the military instinct to cover-up and whitewash civilian deaths. Martin Shaw pointed out on the analysis website OpenDemocracy, that of the 22 officers put on trial for the My Lai massacre, all were acquitted except for Lieutenant William Calley, who served only three and a half years of his life sentence. Professor Shaw observed that "in the few cases in which soldiers have been accused over atrocities in Iraq and Afghanistan, convictions have been few and far between." Comparisons have also been made to the case of Ilario Pantano, who was initially charged with premeditated murder in
Haditha massacre
658160
Justice Minister Shigeto Nagano called the Nanjing Massacre a "fabrication". On June 19, 2007, a group of around 100 Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) lawmakers again denounced the Nanjing Massacre as a fabrication, arguing that there was no evidence to prove the allegations of mass killings by Japanese soldiers. They accused Beijing of using the alleged incident as a "political advertisement". On February 20, 2012, Takashi Kawamura, mayor of Nagoya, told a visiting delegation from Nanjing that the massacre "probably never happened". Two days later he defended his remarks, saying, "Even since I was a national Diet representative, I have said
Nanjing Massacre
20947874
27 nobles, and 10 city residents; 55 men and 16 women) were arrested and put on trial in Vilnius. They were defended "pro bono" by famous Russian attorneys, including Alexander Ivanovich Urusov and Sergey Andreyevsky. The trial was held on 20–29 September 1894 in Vilnius. Following the letter of the law, 36 people were acquitted while 35 people were found guilty and received various sentences, including four men who received 10 years of katorga. However, the judges themselves petitioned the new Tsar Nicholas II of Russia to pardon the people and commute the 10-year katorga to one year in prison.
Kražiai massacre
13724150
outside the hall. Other soldiers who had died in the defence of Stanley were burned with those killed in the massacre, making well over 100 altogether. When the college and the grounds of Stanley Prison became a civilian internment camp, the internees gathered up the burnt remains, shards of bones, buttons and charred effects from the cremation, and then buried them. A gravestone marks the spot where these items were interred at Stanley Cemetery. St. Stephen's College massacre The St. Stephen's College massacre () involved a series of acts of extreme cruelty committed by the Imperial Japanese Army on 25
St. Stephen's College massacre
4406623
(1796-1876) was an ophthalmic surgeon and co-founded the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary. John Jeffries John Jeffries (5 February 1745 – 16 September 1819) was a Boston physician, scientist, and a military surgeon with the British Army in Nova Scotia and New York during the American Revolution. He is best known for accompanying Jean-Pierre Blanchard on his 1785 balloon flight across the English Channel. Born in Boston, Jeffries graduated from Harvard College and obtained his medical degree at the University of Aberdeen. Dr. Jeffries played a large role in the trial for the Boston Massacre as a witness for
John Jeffries
20786343
are unable to distinguish who is an enemy and who is a friend". In the end, this threat did not materialise. Some men (qualified as "sick") were released together with women and children. The rest were deported from Warsaw. Massacre at Bracka Street in Warsaw (1944) Massacre on Bracka Street - a series of murders, arson and other serious violations of the wartime law committed by soldiers of the German Wehrmacht during attempts to unblock the section of Jerozolimskie Avenue held by the insurgents in Warsaw. During the fights conducted on August 3-4, 1944, the soldiers of the 4th East
Massacre at Bracka Street in Warsaw (1944)