when did the british empire reach its peak
19th century
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soon turned towards Asia, Africa, and the Pacific. After the defeat of France in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (1792–1815), Britain emerged as the principal naval and imperial power of the 19th century. Unchallenged at sea, British dominance was later described as "Pax Britannica" ("British Peace"), a period of relative peace in Europe and the world (1815–1914) during which the British Empire became the global hegemon and adopted the role of global policeman. In the early 19th century, the Industrial Revolution began to transform Britain; so that by the time of the Great Exhibition in 1851, the country was described
British Empire
13760978
of British India in the 19th century; the level of urbanization in Europe did not reach 15% until the 19th century. Under Akbar's reign in 1600, the Mughal Empire's urban population was up to 17 million people, 15% of the empire's total population. This was larger the entire urban population in Europe at the time, and even a century later in 1700, the urban population of England, Scotland and Wales did not exceed 13% of its total population, while British India had an urban population that was under 13% of its total population in 1800 and 9.3% in 1881, a
Mughal Empire
1435355
the skin being so lightly pigmented that the blueness of the veins could be clearly seen. The change in the meaning of white that occurred in the colonies (see above) to distinguish Europeans from non-Europeans did not apply to the 'home land' countries (England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales). Whiteness therefore retained a meaning associated with social status for the time being. And during the 19th century, when the British Empire was at its peak, many of the bourgeoisie and aristocracy developed extremely chauvinistic attitudes to those of lower social rank. Edward Lhuyd discovered that Welsh, Gaelic, Cornish and Breton are
White people
3324059
its peak, when nearly the whole city area (that would last until the late 19th century) was built. During the 17th century, Sarajevo didn't expand, although its population continued to grow. Its residents lived luxuriously, and Sarajevo was the richest city in the West Balkans after Dubrovnik. However the 17th century also brought the start of the decline of the Ottoman Empire. With the defeats at Vienna, the empire grew weaker, and along with the empire as a whole did its various regions. Although Sarajevo would remain prosperous until the very end of the 17th century, the latter half of
History of Sarajevo
5219567
gas. It was perhaps the richest and most important section of the African zone of the British Empire. Rivers State has two major oil refineries, two major seaports, airports, and various industrial estates spread across the land. More than 60% of the country’s output of crude oil is produced in the state. Other natural resources found within its boundaries are silica sand, glass sand and clay. Prior to the discovery of oil in commercial quantity in 1951, Agriculture was the primary occupation of the people of Rivers State. Around the 19th century when the industrial revolution reached its peak in
Rivers State
100205
Haggard, Rudyard Kipling, Robert Louis Stevenson, Arthur Conan Doyle, and H. G. Wells wrote many tales in which fantastic creatures threatened the British Empire. Invasion literature was at a peak, and Stoker's formula was very familiar by 1897 to readers of fantastic adventure stories, of an invasion of England by continental European influences. Victorian readers enjoyed "Dracula" as a good adventure story like many others, but it did not reach its legendary status until later in the 20th century when film versions began to appear. Before writing "Dracula", Stoker spent seven years researching European folklore and stories of vampires, being
Dracula
183674
systems for irrigation. The empire's patronage enabled fine arts and literature to reach new heights in Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, and Sanskrit, while Carnatic music evolved into its current form. The Vijayanagara Empire created an epoch in South Indian history that transcended regionalism by promoting Hinduism as a unifying factor. The empire reached its peak during the rule of Sri Krishnadevaraya when Vijayanagara armies were consistently victorious. The empire annexed areas formerly under the Sultanates in the northern Deccan and the territories in the eastern Deccan, including Kalinga, while simultaneously maintaining control over all its subordinates in the south. Many important
History of India
628768
British colonization of the Americas British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to surpass the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might. Three types of colonies were established in the English overseas possessions in America of the 17th century and continued into the British Empire at the height of its power in the 17th
British colonization of the Americas
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Empire Gallantry Medal The Medal of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for Gallantry, usually known as the Empire Gallantry Medal (EGM), was a British medal awarded for acts of the gallantry that did not reach the standard required for the Albert Medal and the Edward Medal. King George V introduced it on 29 December 1922. Recipients were entitled to use the post-nominal letters "EGM" and as a Medal of the Order of the British Empire it was also divided into military and civil divisions. Unlike appointments to the Order of the British Empire it could be awarded
Empire Gallantry Medal
13944362
conditions during the peak of Buddhism period. The Srivijayan, Nan Sarunai and Majapahit kingdom had used the leeboard sailboats throughout its history. It is known that the Srivijaya kingdom did expand its empire covering West Java, part of Central Java and the desperate Empu Sendok from Medang Kingdom which was about to reach East Java in 929 to 947 AD. Therefore, it is possible that scholars and artisans of that time period recorded the events of the Ma'anyan people evacuating in large numbers on leeboard sailboats in 945 to 946 AD on the stone reliefs of Borobudur. In the oral
Ma'anyan people
20801938
the Chin people. Tribal wars were fought numerous times among each other, however, in time of danger, the Fahlam council managed to unite the Chin people to fight side by side against the British Empire. The Kingdom of Myanmar fell under the British Empire in 1885, however, Chin Hills did not fall automatically under the British colonial rule. Chin Hills at that time was independent nation and the Myanmar King Thibaw authority did not reach over Chin Hills. After the Burmese capital Mandalay was occupied, the British force then moved to the Burma western borders and annexed Kalay valley in
Tashons people
10056957
gazetted after the start of World War II. Empire Gallantry Medal The Medal of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for Gallantry, usually known as the Empire Gallantry Medal (EGM), was a British medal awarded for acts of the gallantry that did not reach the standard required for the Albert Medal and the Edward Medal. King George V introduced it on 29 December 1922. Recipients were entitled to use the post-nominal letters "EGM" and as a Medal of the Order of the British Empire it was also divided into military and civil divisions. Unlike appointments to the Order
Empire Gallantry Medal
12589044
that caused widespread distrust of imperialism: British historians of the Second World War have not emphasized the critical role played by the Empire in terms of money, manpower and imports of food and raw materials. In terms of actual engagement with the enemy, there was a great deal in South Asia and Southeast Asia, as recalled by Ashley Jackson: Historians continue to debate when the Empire reached its peak. At one end, the insecurities of the 1880s and 1890s are mentioned, especially the industrial rise of the United States and Germany. The Second Boer War in South Africa, 1899-1902 angered
Historiography of the British Empire
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mass of misery, which such gigantic combats must occasion." Everard Green noted that "In her own time, the idea that the United States – then still mainly reckoned a minor and peripheral power – would one day eclipse the mighty British Empire was greeted with scorn. Indeed, at the time when the poem was written, Britain was yet to reach its zenith as a world power. Yet what Barbauld predicted did come to pass, though very much later - not due to the Napoleonic Wars, but due to the Second World War." Eighteen Hundred and Eleven Eighteen Hundred and Eleven:
Eighteen Hundred and Eleven
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"Billboard" reported that the result was "being taken as a portent that the popularity of the top British groups of the last three years is past its peak." Similarly, when the double A-sided single "Strawberry Fields Forever" and "Penny Lane" was issued in February 1967, it failed to reach number one in the UK, and British press agencies speculated that the group's run of success might have ended, with headlines such as "Beatles Fail to Reach the Top", "First Time in Four Years" and "Has the Bubble Burst?" Released in May 1967, "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" became a
Beatlemania
2874589
by the Brazilian President Getúlio Vargas. A new pro-Brazil government was installed in Asunción in 1869, while Paraguay remained occupied by Brazilian forces until 1876, when Argentina formally recognized the independence of that country, guaranteeing its sovereignty and leaving it a Buffer state between its larger neighbors. The War helped the Brazilian Empire to reach its peak of political and military influence, becoming the "Great Power" of South America, and also helped to bring about the end of slavery in Brazil, moving the military into a key role in the public sphere. However, the war caused a ruinous increase of
Paraguayan War
469586
the world overseas, the Ming Dynasty's territory reached its pinnacle. Tamerlane established a major empire in the Middle East and Central Asia, in order to revive the Mongol Empire. In Africa, the spread of Islam leads to the destruction of the Christian kingdoms of Nubia, by the end of the century leaving only Alodia (which was to collapse in 1504). The formerly vast Mali Empire teeters on the brink of collapse, under pressure from the rising Songhai Empire. In the Americas, both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire reach the peak of their influence. 1400s 1410s 1420s 1430s 1440s
15th century
6942013
for a few more weeks, reaching #34 in Canada. After the single fell out of the top 40, it was once again tracked as a double A-side (with "Mull of Kintyre" getting first billing) for one week in April, but it did not better its previous #44 chart peak. "Mull of Kintyre" alone (without "Girls' School") did reach #30 on Canada's Adult Contemporary chart. McCartney has played "Mull of Kintyre" only occasionally in concert since Wings' 1979 British tour, and, significantly, has never played it in the United States, Asia, or South America. Performances include 23 June 1990 in Glasgow,
Mull of Kintyre (song)
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did not reach the heights of its popularity until the 1980s. Notable dramas included "Play for Today" and "Pennies from Heaven". In police dramas, there was a move towards increasing realism; popular shows included "Dixon of Dock Green", "Z-Cars", "Softly, Softly", and "The Sweeney". The science fiction show "Doctor Who" reached its peak. 1970s UK television featured a mix of traditional and more modern comedy. "Morecambe and Wise", "The Benny Hill Show", "Are You Being Served?" and "Dad's Army" had their origins in the variety show and radio comedy of the first half of the century. Many popular British situation
1970s
10725205
Formed at a time when the British Empire was reaching its peak, the regiment served all over the Empire, in times of both peace and war, and in many theatres of war outside the Empire. It fought with distinction in World War I and World War II, as well as in other smaller conflicts around the world. These other wars included the Second Sudanese War, the Second Boer War, the Anglo-Irish War and the Third Anglo-Afghan War. In 1959, as part of a defence review, the North Staffordshire Regiment, by now reduced to only a single regular battalion, was amalgamated
North Staffordshire Regiment
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of the Grandes Jorasses, the south face of the Aiguille Noire de Peuterey, the north-east face of Piz Badile, and the north face of the Eiger. Terray, frequently with climbing partner Louis Lachenal, broke previous climbing speed records. Terray was a member of Maurice Herzog's 1950 expedition to the Nepalese Himalayan peak, Annapurna, the highest peak climbed at the time, and the first 8000-meter peak climbed (although British climbers George Mallory, Andrew Irvine, George Finch, Geoffrey Bruce, Henry Morshead, Teddy Norton and Howard Somervell had reached higher altitudes on Mount Everest during the 1920s). Terray did not reach the summit
Lionel Terray
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of the Spanish Succession, with the Austrian Hapsburgs and the British challenging Charles II's choice of a Bourbon prince to succeed him as king. To the end of its imperial rule, Spain called its overseas possessions in the Americas and the Philippines "The Indies," an enduring remnant of Columbus's notion that he had reached Asia by sailing west. When these territories reach a high level of importance, the crown established the Council of the Indies in 1524, following the conquest of the Aztec empire, asserting permanent royal control over its possessions. Regions with dense indigenous populations and sources of mineral
Spanish Empire
52532
legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories. During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal and Spain pioneered European exploration of the globe, and in the process established large overseas empires. Envious of the great wealth these empires generated, England, France, and the Netherlands began to establish colonies and trade networks of
British Empire
2755093
treaty was signed. Refet Bele was assigned to seize control of Eastern Thrace from the Allies. He was the first representative to reach the old capital. The British did not allow the hundred gendarmes who came with him. That resistance lasted until the next day. The form of government in Constantinople—resting on the sovereignty of the Sultan—had effectively ceased to exist when British forces occupied the city after World War I. The law for the abolition of the sultanate was submitted to the GNA for voting. Furthermore, it was argued that although the caliphate had belonged to the Ottoman Empire,
Turkish War of Independence
6631999
1948 the black population was estimated to have been less than 20,000 and did not reach the previous peak of 1944 until 1958. Learie Constantine, a West Indian cricketer, was a welfare officer with the Ministry of Labour when he was refused service at a London hotel. He sued for breach of contract and was awarded damages. This particular example is used by some to illustrate the slow change from racism towards acceptance and equality of all citizens in London. In 1950 there were probably fewer than 20,000 non-white residents in Britain, almost all born overseas. After World War II,
Black British
1716826
British North America The term "British North America" refers to the former territories of the British Empire in North America, not including the Caribbean. The term was first used informally in 1783, but it was uncommon before the Report on the Affairs of British North America (1839), called the Durham Report. These territories today form modern-day Canada and the Pacific Northwest of the United States. English and later Scottish colonization of North America began in the 16th century in Newfoundland, then began further south at Roanoke and Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established through much
British North America
14700709
since then it has moved up to number 29. The song entered the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart on November 27, 2010, peaking at the number 59 position. This was the song's lowest peak position. It lasted eight weeks on the chart. "No Love" peaked at number 42 on the Radio Songs, peaking on December 4 and lasting 11 weeks. The song also reached up to number 20 the Pop Songs chart at the beginning of 2011 and lasting 12 weeks. "No Love" did not reach its peak on the European Hot 100 until November 27, 2010, when it reached number
No Love
3400316
the first song to climb to its peak after a year on the Hot 100. It ultimately spent a then-record 79 weeks on the chart. British pop artist Ellie Goulding's single "Lights" was released in February 2011, first debuting on the "Billboard" Hot 100 in August of the same year. The track reached its peak position of number 2 after 33 weeks in August 2012, a year and a half after the song's original release date. "Lights" continued its upward momentum from there, taking over two years to reach its peak position in countries like Slovenia, France and Germany. The
Sleeper hit
7729397
shop was famously referred to as "The Jungle." Two forces in the nineteenth century came together to make Rowland Ward Ltd. an international powerhouse of taxidermy and book publishing: the global reach of the British Empire and the Industrial Revolution. The British Empire was composed of dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories that were ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. At its height, the British Empire was the largest in history and, for over a century it was the foremost global power. Its apex occurred during the lifetime of James Rowland Ward. At the end of World War
Rowland Ward
8193234
the range of to , except in its headwater reach of the river. This feature did not permit diversion of river water for mining to adopt hydraulicking procedure, particularly when the Alaska gold mining was at its peak. Hence, the Candle-Alaska Hydraulic Gold Mining Company excavated a ditch (an unlined canal), in 1907, to collect water from Glacier and Dome creeks, and to convey it to a location near Candle to facilitate mining the gold-bearing gravels of Candle Creek. To cater to the needs of the low flow season, when the streams (Quartz and Hunter creek to Candle Creek) carried
Kiwalik River
5874533
Cooper, Croft, Viscount Duncannon and Rowland Hunt. At its peak in 1917, the party had seven MPs and eleven peers. The newly formed party sought to widen its membership to include "men and women from all parties, not only in England, Scotland, Ireland and Wales, but throughout the British Empire". Liberal Unionist Party MP Edward Fitzroy and former Liberal MPs Edmund Broughton Barnard and Thomas Kincaid-Smith also joined, as did John Jenkins, the former premier of South Australia. The party was supported by the trade unionist Joseph Havelock Wilson of the National Democratic and Labour Party, though he was never
National Party (UK, 1917)
18063693
Noble Mission Noble Mission (foaled 25 February 2009) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. Best known as the younger brother of the unbeaten Frankel in his early career, he later became a very successful racehorse in his own right. He won the Gordon Stakes as a three-year-old in 2012, but did not reach his peak until 2014. In 2014, Noble Mission then won the Group 3 Gordon Richards Stakes and Huxley Stakes, before winning his first Group 1 race when beating Magician in the Tattersalls Gold Cup. He went on to win the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud in June and the
Noble Mission
16742971
Black Tarquin Black Tarquin (1945–1965) was an American-bred, British-trained racehorse and sire, best known for winning the St. Leger Stakes in 1948 and for his rivalry with Alycidon. In a career which lasted from June 1947 until July 1949, he ran fifteen times and won eight races. He was one of the leading two-year-olds of 1947, although he did not race after winning the Gimcrack Stakes in August. He was slow to reach peak fitness in 1948, and was unplaced in The Derby, but showed his best form in autumn when he beat a strong field in the St. Leger
Black Tarquin
18434087
Aceh sultanate has formed a military alliance with the Ottoman Empire, that sent a relief force of 15 Xebecs. Aceh's military ambition reach its peak during the reign of Iskandar Muda. He extended the Sultanate's control over most of Sumatra. He also conquered Pahang, a tin-producing region of the Malayan Peninsula. The strength of his formidable fleet was brought to an end with a disastrous campaign against Malacca in 1629, when the combined Portuguese and Johor forces managed to destroy all his ships and 19,000 troops according to Portuguese account. Aceh forces was not destroyed, however, as Aceh was able
Military history of Indonesia
13760931
its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the third largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent (along with the Maurya Empire and the British Indian Empire), spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, second to the Maurya Empire. The maximum expansion was reached during the reign of Aurangzeb, who ruled over more than 150 million subjects, nearly one quarter of the world's population at the time. The Mughal Empire also ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest
Mughal Empire
2224018
Lassen Peak Lassen Peak, commonly referred to as Mount Lassen, is the southernmost active volcano in the Cascade Range of the Western United States. Located in the Shasta Cascade region of Northern California, it is part of the Cascade Volcanic Arc, which stretches from southwestern British Columbia to northern California. Lassen Peak reaches an elevation of , standing above the northern Sacramento Valley. It supports many flora and fauna among its diverse habitats, which are subject to frequent snowfall and reach high elevations. A lava dome, Lassen Peak has a volume of making it the largest lava dome on Earth.
Lassen Peak
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meritorious service but from the beginning some awards were for acts of gallantry. There were an increased number of cases in the Second World War for service personnel and civilians including the merchant marine, police and emergency services and civil defence. From 1940, the BEM was awarded for acts of gallantry that did not reach the standard of the George Medal. Such awards often had citations, some detailed and graphic while awards for meritorious service usually appeared without a citation. From 14 January 1958, awards of the BEM made for acts of gallantry were formally designated the British Empire Medal
British Empire Medal
16714221
of the southwest monsoon () caused by the pull of Typhoon Saola (Gener) from August 1–3, strengthened by Typhoon Haikui. It caused typhoon-like damage: the most damage caused by rain since September 2009, when Typhoon Ketsana (Ondoy) struck Metro Manila. The heavy rain caused the Marikina River to overflow, destroying areas also affected by Ketsana, triggering a landslide in the Commonwealth area and collapsing the northbound Marcos Highway. Its damage was nearly as severe as Ketsana's, although the storm did not reach typhoon intensity when the rain reached its peak on August 7. The floods and rain left 95 people
2012 Luzon southwest monsoon floods
19945102
Tumultuous Career of Barbra Streisand", applauded its "catchy melody". Stephen Thomas Erlewine from "AllMusic" praised Gibb's production work on "Stranger in a Strange Land" (and on single "Night of My Life" and album track "Hideaway") for "proudly stick[ing] to unfashionable pop styles". "Stranger in a Strange Land" did not enter the "Billboard" Hot 100 in the United States, but did reach the same publication's Adult Contemporary chart, where it peaked at number 39. On the UK Singles Chart, according to the Official Charts Company (OCC), the single did not reach the top 100 of the chart, but did peak at
Stranger in a Strange Land (Barbra Streisand song)
18718673
of the seventh-story roof. The Channel, a , planted pedestrian esplanade, separates the British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise. The British Empire Building contains ground-level storefronts on all four sides and a cornerstone inscribed with the building's name. The British Empire Building commissioned artists who were both British and non-British. As Britain did not have a good economy at the time due to the reduction of its empire in previous years, most of the artwork in the building focused on the empire itself rather than its artistic contribution. Carl Paul Jennewein, an American of German descent, created nine gold-leaf
British Empire Building
2242587
service their steamers en route to India. It took 700 tons of coal for a round-trip from Suez to Bombay. East India Company officials decided on Aden. The British Empire tried to reach an agreement with the Zaydi imam of Sana'a, permitting them a foothold in Mocha, and when unable to secure their position, they extracted a similar agreement from the Sultan of Lahej, enabling them to consolidate a position in Aden. An incident played into British hands when, while passing Aden for trading purposes, one of their sailing ships sank and Arab tribesmen boarded it and plundered its contents.
Yemen
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I, from Denmark. In 1834, King Otto transferred the capital to Athens. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, Greece sought to enlarge its boundaries to include the ethnic Greek population of the Ottoman Empire. Greece played a peripheral role in the Crimean War. When Russia attacked the Ottoman Empire in 1853, Greek leaders saw an opportunity to expand North and South into Ottoman areas that had a Christian majority. However, Greece did not coordinate its plans with Russia, did not declare war, and received no outside military or financial support. The French and British seized its major port and
History of Greece
6515689
not reach typhoon status until July 13. Doris, on the 13th reached its peak intensity of 995 mbar with 90 mph (145 km/h) winds. Rapid weakening occurred, thus Doris dissipated on July 15 near Okinawa. Tropical Depression 10W formed on July 13 west of Saipan. Slow strengthening occurred, thus 10W did not reach tropical storm status until the 15th and was given the name Elsie. After reaching tropical storm status, moderate strengthening occurred, as Elsie reached typhoon intensity on late on the 16th. Rapid strengthening finally occurred, reaching a peak of 100 knots (115 mph) on July 17 and soon
1964 Pacific typhoon season
5180273
French explorator Charles Wiener, J. de Grumkow, and J. C. Ocampo. They failed to reach the main summit, but did reach a southeastern subsummit, on 19 May 1877, Wiener named it the "Pic de Paris", and left a French flag on top of it. In 1898, British climber William Martin Conway and two Italian guides, J.A. Maquignaz and L. Pellissier, made the first recorded ascent of the peak, again from the southeast. (They found a piece of Aymara rope at over , so an earlier ascent cannot be completely discounted). The current standard route on the mountain climbs the west
Illimani
1684237
of the Garter equivalent, the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod – perform any duties related to the House of Lords. The institution of the Order of the British Empire in 1917 was for meritorious service but from the beginning some appointments and some promotions were for acts of gallantry. There were an increased number of cases in the Second World War for service personnel and civilians including the merchant marine, police, emergency services and civil defence, mostly MBEs but with a small number of OBEs and CBEs. Such awards were for gallantry that did not reach the standard of
Order of the British Empire
19840154
its efforts were factors in the Xinhai Revolution of 1911. Chinese Empire Reform Association The Chinese Empire Reform Association (known in Chinese as the "Society to Protect the Emperor" or Baohuang Hui 保皇會) was an organization active mostly outside of China that intended to support the Guangxu Emperor in his return to power in the Chinese Empire, which had been taken in a coup by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was formed in Victoria, British Columbia - where its named building still stands - in 1899 by Kang Youwei who had fled China to escape the death penalty. At its peak
Chinese Empire Reform Association
18721575
their allegiance to the Sultans of Malay states, then the protectorates of the British Empire. In 1946, when Malay nationalist movement at its peak, the right wing United Malays National Organisation (Umno) adopted the tricolour in its flag. The party which would lead Malaya to its independence and govern the nation since then, included the additional white band to its flag to symbolise purity. After Umno, the tricolour also appears in the symbols of other right wing organisations like Pekida and Perkasa, and some major Silat associations in Malaysia, including Seni Gayong and Seni Gayung Fatani. The tricolour also gained
Malay tricolour
2939982
Reform Party of British Columbia The Reform Party of British Columbia (Reform BC) is a populist right wing political party in British Columbia, Canada. Although its name is similar to the defunct Reform Party of Canada, the provincial party was founded before the federal party was and it did not have any formal association with it. Their peak of support came in 1996 when they elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Reform BC was formed in the early 1980's as the Referendum Party in 1982 and then registered its name with the B.C. Corporations Branch in
Reform Party of British Columbia
2939975
Reform Party of British Columbia The Reform Party of British Columbia (Reform BC) is a populist right wing political party in British Columbia, Canada. Although its name is similar to the defunct Reform Party of Canada, the provincial party was founded before the federal party was and it did not have any formal association with it. Their peak of support came in 1996 when they elected two members to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia. Reform BC was formed in the early 1980's as the Referendum Party in 1982 and then registered its name with the B.C. Corporations Branch in
Reform Party of British Columbia
4117223
a province of the Ottoman Empire, semi-officially a virtually independent state with its own monarchy, armed forces, and territorial possessions in Sudan, and for practical purposes a British puppet. The legal fiction of Ottoman sovereignty in Egypt was finally ended in 1914 when the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers in First World War. Alarmed that the anti-British Khedive Abbas II would side with the Ottomans, the British deposed him in favor of his uncle Hussein Kamel and declared Egypt a British protectorate. Symbolizing the official end of Ottoman rule, Hussein Kamel took the title Sultan as did his brother
Sultan of Egypt
6765488
ecclesiastical parish of Tuy, did so in a contested trial, winning in a close case. They got the judgment on 25 February 1815. Due to political changes so significant that the country was living, A Cañiza had several cures treasurers and would have to wait until April or May 1844 to have its first abbot pastor named Dan. Benito Maria Sarmiento . It will be in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries when A Cañiza reach its peak . At this time it will increase your neighborhood a disproportionate, moved there Achas Justice for his hearing and became head
A Cañiza
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Albums Chart for 2001 and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry after charting continuously from its release in August to the end of the year. In the US, "Is This It" entered the "Billboard" 200 at number 74 after selling 16,000 units in the first week. 20,000 copies were shipped in America per week from October 2001 to January 2002, when a performance by the Strokes on nationwide TV show "Saturday Night Live" caused a temporary rise in sales. A 60% increase allowed the album to reach a peak of number 33 on the "Billboard" 200 from its
Is This It
131660
1818, and at its peak, the empire's territories covered much of Southern Asia. The empire was founded and consolidated by Shivaji. After the death of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb, it expanded greatly under the rule of the Peshwas. In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat, which halted the expansion of the empire. Later, the empire was divided into a confederacy of states which, in 1818, were lost to the British during the Anglo-Maratha wars. The Empire of Brazil (1822-1889) was the only South American modern monarchy, established by the heir of the Portuguese Empire as an independent
Empire
7969186
Oil derives from the Hubbert peak theory, which theorizes that production of any finite resource over time will have roughly inverse curves before and after the peak of the resource's production (creating an approximately bell shaped curve). Hubbert's theory is used to predict when a resource will reach its peak of production by studying past resource discovery and production trends. Peak Oil advocates often show only crude oil production which may have set a global peak in 2005. Backstop resource theory maintains that alternatives will be developed as they are needed. Cuba, during its Special Period following the collapse of
Backstop resources
17660034
rendered important services to the British Empire during the Third Anglo-Afghan War. He was invested as a Companion of the Indian Empire (C.I.E) by the British in 1903, and Knight Commander of the Indian Empire (K.C.I.E) in 1919. He was granted a personal gun salute of 11 guns and the title of His Highness. Mehtar Shuja ul-Mulk was born into the ruling family of Chitral in 1881. He was the second youngest son of Aman ul-Mulk, the ‘Great’ Mehtar of Chitral, who ruled the state from 1857 to 1892, during which the state reached its territorial peak. Shuja ul-Mulk’s mother
Shuja ul-Mulk
19840153
Chinese Empire Reform Association The Chinese Empire Reform Association (known in Chinese as the "Society to Protect the Emperor" or Baohuang Hui 保皇會) was an organization active mostly outside of China that intended to support the Guangxu Emperor in his return to power in the Chinese Empire, which had been taken in a coup by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was formed in Victoria, British Columbia - where its named building still stands - in 1899 by Kang Youwei who had fled China to escape the death penalty. At its peak the association had chapters in 150 cities worldwide. Some of
Chinese Empire Reform Association
8926008
Nations before finally being assigned to the new legation in Paris. After serving as "chargé d'affaires" during its establishment, she was promoted to Minister in 1955. She was the first woman to reach that level in the New Zealand diplomatic service. The French government made her a Commander of the "Légion d'honneur" in 1956, and she was also made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1953 New Year Honours. McKenzie retired back to New Zealand in 1956, living in Christchurch. She died eight years later. She never married, and did not have children. Jean McKenzie
Jean McKenzie
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shitty about 'Shangri-La' not being number one." It did reach number 27 in the Netherlands. Bassist John Dalton named the track his favorite Kinks song. Shangri-La (The Kinks song) "Shangri-La" is a song written by Ray Davies of The Kinks. The song appeared on the 1969 concept album, "Arthur (Or the Decline and Fall of the British Empire)." The song's inspiration can be traced back to when the band visited the Davies brothers' sister, Rose, and her family in Australia, the "designed community" that the family lived in serving as the initial lyrical inspiration. The song's highly ironic lyrics comment
Shangri-La (The Kinks song)
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does not seem to be limited to just the Ottoman Empire, however; in Egypt, drums very similar to davuls were braced with cords, which allowed the Egyptian soldiers to carry them during military movements. The davul, however, was also used extensively in non-military music. For example, davuls were a major aspect of Turkish folk dances. In Ottoman society, davul and shawm players would perform together in groups called davul-zurnas, or drum and shawm circles. At its peak, the Ottoman Empire stretched from the Caucuses down to northern Africa and parts of the middle east. This long reach meant that many
Bass drum
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Fantasia also appeared on "Hypothetically", a single from Lyfe Jennings' album, "Lyfe 268-192". Fantasia's self-titled, second studio album, was released in 2006. Although selling 133,000 discs in its first week of availability, the album only managed to peak at number nineteen in the US. However, it did reach number three on the R&B albums chart, and was eventually certified Gold in the US. The album contained the hit, "When I See U", which is Fantasia's biggest hit to date other than her "Idol" coronation single. "When I See U" peaked at thirty-two on the Hot 100, and spent eight weeks
Fantasia Barrino discography
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handled decolonization better in 1947, or was what happened largely fixed in the previous century? Historians also disagree regarding a degree of involvement in the domestic British society and economy. Did Britons much care about decolonization, and did it make much difference to them? Bailkin points out that one view is that the domestic dimension was of minor importance, and most Britons paid little attention. She says that political historians often reach this conclusion. John Darwin has studied the political debates. On the other hand, most social historians argue the contrary. They say the values and beliefs inside Britain about
Historiography of the British Empire
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lawyer in New York. Clifton Bertrand Clifton Bertrand (born March 2, 1936 in Arima) is a former Trinidad and Tobago sprinter. He won a gold medal in 200 meters at the 1957 British West Indies Championships, and three gold medals at the 1958 British West Indies Championships. He participated in three events at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, but did not reach the final in either. However, at the 1959 Pan American Games he finished fifth in the 200 metres and won a bronze with the British West Indian Federation 4 x 100 metres relay team. His teammates
Clifton Bertrand
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Clifton Bertrand Clifton Bertrand (born March 2, 1936 in Arima) is a former Trinidad and Tobago sprinter. He won a gold medal in 200 meters at the 1957 British West Indies Championships, and three gold medals at the 1958 British West Indies Championships. He participated in three events at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, but did not reach the final in either. However, at the 1959 Pan American Games he finished fifth in the 200 metres and won a bronze with the British West Indian Federation 4 x 100 metres relay team. His teammates were Michael Agostini, Wilton
Clifton Bertrand
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Typhoon that affected the northern part of the Philippines. During most of Seth's early life, Seth remained a Tropical Storm, until it encountered warmer waters, where it began to reach its peak intensity on November 5. Seth peaked as a strong category 4 storm, but considerably weakened under typhoon strength when it made landfall in the Philippines as a Tropical Storm. After crossing through the Philippines near the end of its life, Seth stalled and dissipated about halfway between the Philippines and mainland Asia. Seth did feature a well defined eye, and struck the same area of the Philippines right
1991 Pacific typhoon season
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success. The song did not make much impact in the United States, peaking at number two on the "Billboard" Bubbling Under Hot 100, but failing to reach the "Billboard" Hot 100. However, the song did manage to peak at number 21 on "Billboard" Pop Songs, and debuted in its peak position of number two in the United Kingdom. In Australia, the song peaked at number seven, and was certified Gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association for selling over 30,000 physical units of the single. It also peaked inside the top ten in Austria, Germany, Ireland, and Sweden. The accompanying
I'm Not a Girl, Not Yet a Woman
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local disputes on the mainland ended up in the Ionian Islands, which were beyond the reach of Ottoman authorities. When Britain became the enemy of the Ottoman Empire, it provided, if not an actual chance to fight for national liberation, at least a possibility of harming a foreign power that was increasingly viewed as hostile to the Modern Greek Enlightenment and under stress due to the rise of nationalism in the empire. When Britain took over the Ionian Islands, it initially relied on small numbers of British and British-foreign troops along with the local volunteer militias, the largest of which
1st Regiment Greek Light Infantry
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current location. The train station now sits near Upper Canada Village along one of the only remaining original sections of railway from the Grand Trunk line left in its original place. In recent years the station has been home to a British Home Child exhibit. Aultsville, Ontario Aultsville is a ghost town in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is one of Ontario's Lost Villages, which were permanently flooded by the creation of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1958. The town was founded as Charlesville in 1787 by United Empire Loyalists and reached its peak in 1880, when it had
Aultsville, Ontario
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war. In 1936, Germany's increasing air power was feared by British government planners who commonly overestimated its size, reach and hitting power. Planners used estimates of up to 72 British deaths per tonne of bombs dropped, though this figure was grossly exaggerated. As well, the planners did not know that German bombing aircraft of the day (not quite 300 Junkers Ju 52 medium bombers) did not have the range to reach the UK with a load of bombs and return to the mainland. British air officers did nothing to correct these perceptions because they could see the usefulness of having
RAF Bomber Command
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is named after the Samanids. A notable airline based in Dushanbe is also named Somon Air. Also, the highest mountain in Tajikistan and in the former Soviet Union is named after Ismail Samani. The mountain was formerly known as "Stalin Peak" and "Communism Peak" but in 1998 the name was officially changed to Ismoil Somoni Peak. Samanid Empire The Samanid Empire (, "Sāmāniyān"), also known as the Samanian Empire, Samanid dynasty, Samanid Emirate, or simply Samanids, was a Sunni Iranian empire, ruling from 819 to 999. The empire was centered in Khorasan and Transoxiana during its existence; at its greatest
Samanid Empire
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"Making a Good Thing Better" album (No. 34 Pop, No. 13 Country) failed to be certified gold, and its only single, the title track (No. 87 Pop, No. 20 AC), did not reach even the AC Top 10 or the Country chart. Later that year, "Olivia Newton-John's Greatest Hits" (No. 13 Pop, No. 7 Country) became her first platinum album. In 1979, Newton-John received the Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) medal from Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace in London. Newton-John's career soared after she starred in the film adaptation of the Broadway musical "Grease" in 1978.
Olivia Newton-John
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many influential members of the British public that those colonies should be expanded and that France's territorial claims on the continent should not be allowed to stand in the way. Furthermore, the nature of the British Empire fundamentally changed in the years following the War of the Austrian Succession; moving from a maritime and commercial empire to a more centralized and controlled empire. This change encouraged the British government to increase its commitments toward its North American colonies and their backcountry (ex: the Ohio Valley). In opposition to the British, France did not justify the defense of its colonies through
Conquest of 1760
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Halliwell. "All About That Bass" by Meghan Trainor became the first single ever to reach the top 40 on streams alone. "Thinking Out Loud" by Ed Sheeran broke a record for the longest climb to number 1 within the top 40, having taken 19 weeks to reach the summit. On its return to number 1 on 13 December, it became the first song ever to peak at number 1 due to streaming, having sold less than the number 2. The top 10 best-selling albums of the year were all by British artists. The 'sales' figures since the chart week ending
2014 in British music charts
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Peak meter A peak meter is a type of measuring instrument that indicates visually the instantaneous level of an audio signal that is passing through it (a sound level meter). In sound reproduction, the meter, whether peak or not, is usually meant to correspond to the perceived loudness of a particular signal. A peak-reading electrical instrument or meter is one which measures the peak value of a waveform, rather than its mean value or RMS value. As an example, when making audio recordings it is desirable to use a recording level that is just sufficient to reach the maximum capability
Peak meter
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(modern Indonesia) than they did with the nations of Europe. Egyptian nationalism reached its peak in popularity in 1919 when revolution against British rule took place in response to wartime deprivations imposed by the British upon Egypt during World War I. Three years of protest and political turmoil followed until Britain unilaterally declared the independence of Egypt in 1922 that was a monarchy, though Britain reserved several areas for British supervision. During the period of the Kingdom of Egypt, Egyptian nationalists remained determined to terminate the remaining British presence in Egypt. One of the more celebrated cases of Egyptian nationalism
Egyptian nationalism
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still managed to peak at #7 in Norway. The second single from both albums was "Just a Little Bit", which did not chart anywhere. 2005 saw the release of "Apparently Unaffected" in Norway and several other European countries, fronted by singles "Miss You Love" and "Just Hold Me". A significant success in Norway, the album has earned her three Spellemann nominations: Best Female Artist, Best Hit, and Best Music Video. In the Netherlands, the album was released in June 2006 and charted at #82. It slowly climbed the chart to reach its peak position in its 27th week at #11,
Maria Mena
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Empire (Kasabian song) "Empire" is a song by English rock band Kasabian and is the title track for their second album, "Empire". It was released 24 July 2006 as the lead single from that album on CD (see 2006 in British music). The single became popular immediately, entering the UK Singles Chart at #9, its peak position, making it the band's third UK Top 10 single. It was still in the charts in 2007, at #65 before dropping off later in January. On 21 August 2006, 10" and DVD versions of the single were released. The song was available as
Empire (Kasabian song)
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endeavours are often described as "real Boy's Own stuff", in reference to the heroic content of the magazine's stories. Alternatively, many associate the magazine with well-intentioned heroes who do not have inhibitions about trying to right wrongs. In the 1989 book "Great Work of Time", dealing with an alternative history of the British Empire, writer John Crowley depicts Cecil Rhodes as avidly reading "Boy's Own Magazine" when he was no longer a boy but at the peak of his empire-building career. The Boy's Own Paper The Boy's Own Paper was a British story paper aimed at young and teenage boys,
The Boy's Own Paper
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of Canada by King George VI and his consort, Queen Elizabeth. The Bureau's heyday was in the period from 1920 to 1931 when it had the largest and best equipped film studio in Canada and distributed its films throughout Canada and the British Empire as well as France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Argentina, Chile, Japan, China and the United States. At its peak in 1927, the Bureau had more than one thousand prints circulating in the United States alone. The Bureau continued to produce silent films until 1934. As a result, several government departments began producing their own promotional films rather
Canadian Government Motion Picture Bureau
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better record", and that it "lacks the metal guitar crunch that dominated "Smash".". "The Offspring" did not initially reach the "Billboard" 200 charts or become a commercial success. However, when the album was reissued in 1995, it reached a peak position of number 85 on the Netherlands Albums Chart for three weeks. "The Offspring" was reissued several times, with formats in different countries, and with different labels (see the table below). The album was reissued on CD (and again on vinyl and cassette) in 1995, a year after The Offspring's commercial success with its third studio album "Smash". This version
The Offspring (album)
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indigenous population 45 years later in 1680. However, the British vied for control with the French, and the island frequently switched hands between the two powers. This continued until 1814, when the Treaty of Paris was signed that saw France permanently relinquish Saint Lucia to the British, and it became a crown colony of the United Kingdom within its colonial empire in that same year. During this colonial period of French and British rule, Saint Lucia did not have its own unique colonial flag. The British finally granted Saint Lucia its own unique coat of arms in August 1939. The
Flag of Saint Lucia
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and the Ottoman Empire were distributed to the Allied powers (and to Australia, New Zealand and South Africa) as League of Nations mandates, with the United Kingdom at least gaining control of Palestine and Transjordan, Iraq, parts of Cameroon and Togo, and Tanganyika. Indeed, the British Empire reached its territorial peak after the settlement. History of the United Kingdom during the First World War The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was one of the Allied Powers during the First World War of 1914–1918, fighting against the Central Powers (the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire and
History of the United Kingdom during the First World War
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next week thanks to the CD maxi and the vinyl sales, selling 16,631 units that week. It allowed Farmer to establish a new record: to rank eight singles at number-one in France. It was also the first time since "Les Mots" (2001), the duet with Seal, that a Farmer's single did not reach its peak position in its first week on the French singles chart. However, the following week, it dropped to number five but stayed in the Top Ten for eight weeks. The song debuted at a peak of number 26 on the digital chart and remained in the
C'est dans l'air
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the Recording Industry Association of America. As of November 2017, "Fifteen" has sold over 1.5 million copies in the United States. "Fifteen" debuted at number forty-one on "Billboard" Hot Country Songs. It jumped at number thirty-one on its second week and on the week-ending November 7, 2009, it entered the top ten at number ten. Six weeks later, it reached its peak at number seven on the week-ending December 12, 2009. The single became her second single that did not reach the top three of "Billboard" Hot Country Songs since her debut single "Tim McGraw". "Fifteen" also peak at number
Fifteen (song)
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the whole empire to the mother country, and the commercial benefits of its respective members; excluding every idea of taxation internal or external, for raising a revenue on the subjects, in America, without their consent." The colonists did not have direct representation in British Parliament, and felt that the government couldn’t place taxes on the colonists unless they had representatives in government. The colonists did not want to have taxes levied on them to raise money for the British government when they had no say in the legislature of such taxes. In reality, the British were implementing these taxes to
Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress
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He escaped the British blockade but did not reach France until 9 October. The military position of France, which seemed disastrous during the summer, improved greatly in September. On 19 September, General Brune won a victory over the British-Russian army in the Netherlands at Castricum. On 18 October, besieged by Brune at Alkmaar, the British-Russian forces under the Duke of York agreed to withdraw. In Switzerland, a Russian Empire Army had split into two. On 25–26 September, the French army in Switzerland, led by André Masséna, defeated one part of the Russian army under Alexander Rimsky-Korsakov at the Second Battle
French Directory
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For the World Championship and most other Formula One events Naylor and Wilkinson decided to switch to Coventry Climax power, and redesigned the JBW car around their "FPF", straight-4 motor. This new car — the JBW Type 2 — made its first appearance at the British Empire Trophy race at Silverstone (ironically an Intercontinental Formula event), but failed to finish. It also failed to reach the finishing flag in its only World Championship event, the 1961 Italian Grand Prix, but only a week later provided Naylor with his best ever finish when he took 9th place in the 1961 International
JBW
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Reach (S Club 7 song) "Reach" is a song by the English pop group S Club 7. It was released as a single on 22 May 2000. "Reach" is an up-tempo track co-written by Cathy Dennis and Republica keyboardist Andy Todd. "Reach" debuted at its number two peak on the UK Singles Chart, with first week sales of almost 124,000 (more than the first week sales of their two previous singles). It spent three weeks at its peak, unable to dislodge Sonique's "It Feels So Good" from number one. It is one of the group's most popular songs. "Reach" was
Reach (S Club 7 song)
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early-1981. Steve Rickard publicly addressed the incident when "On the Mat" returned for a new season. In its first return episode, originally airing on March 17, 1981, Rickard read a letter from Larry O'Day who bragged about breaking his son's leg and publicly accepted O'Day's challenge to a match for the NWA British Empire/Commonwealth Championship. Ricky Rickard did suffer legitimate injuries during his professional career including twice breaking his nose, leg, back sockets and collar bone. Soon returning to active competition, Rickard captured the NWA British Empire/Commonwealth Championship from Butcher Brannigan in 1983 before losing the title to Larry O'Day
Ricky Rickard
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stuck in the river bottom, managed to avert tension between the emigrants and the Northern Paiutes. The other men in the party were Pleasant Calvin Noland, Benjamin Franklin "Frank" Owen, Andrew McClure, Job Denning, Charles Long, and James McFarland. Elijah Elliot sent the men out with seven-day rations but it took them nearly 40 days to reach the settlements. The party did not know to look for a road up the Deschutes River, they only knew they were to find Diamond Peak. When they reached the Deschutes they mistook the South Sister for Diamond Peak, setting up a difficult crossing
Elliott Cutoff
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years. Notably, when the US troops eventually left, they left eastward. Confirming the theory of the “empire by invitation,” with their first opportunity East European states extended the “invitation.” Chalmers Johnson regards the global military reach of the United States as empire in its “initial” form. Dimitri Simes finds that most of the world sees the United States as a "nascent" imperial power. Some scholars concerned how this empire would look in its ultimate form. The ultimate form of empire was described by Michael Doyle in his "Empires". It is empire in which its two main components—the ruling core and
Empire
16852706
Freising did not escape the ravages of the Thirty Years’ War and while it paid the ransom demanded by the Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus in 1632, the city was still pillaged. There was then to be famine and pestilence when the Swedes invaded again in 1646. A dark chapter of the history of Freising in the late 17th century was the trial and execution of several Freising children during the witch hunts that desolated Germany at the time. Freising was to reach its peak under Prince-Bishop Johann Franz Ecker von Kapfing und Liechtenech (1696–1727) who founded the first Hochschule (high
Prince-Bishopric of Freising
20004200
Shooting Stars (Bag Raiders song) "Shooting Stars" is a song by the Australian band Bag Raiders. The song was originally featured on the band's EP, "Turbo Love", in 2008. The year afterwards, the song was released as a single from their eponymous debut album "Bag Raiders", and reached number 18 in the Triple J Hottest 100 countdown of 2010. Although the song was released and charted in Australia in 2009, the song did not reach its peak there until 2013. It received international attention in February 2017 when the song became a part of a popular internet meme. The song
Shooting Stars (Bag Raiders song)
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and 2,000-3,000 pipe organs over its history. Hinners pipe organ opus numbers are known to reach #3097. The majority of pipe organs Hinners manufactured had two manuals with mechanical action, although many divided one-manual instruments were also made. The company began offering products with tubular-pneumatic action in 1910 and electro-pneumatic action in 1916. Hinners did build some large custom organs, including several with three-manuals and two with four-manuals. The company's peak year was 1912, when it had 97 employees and was shipping 3 pipe organs per week. Hinners organs were not only popular in the American midwest, many were shipped
Hinners Organ Company
15528914
of anarchy and invasions that eventually led to the establishment of Qing protectorate over Tibet in 1720 that would reach its peak in the 1790s in response to attacks by Nepal, be renewed in 1903 when the British invaded, and would last until 1912. Tibet became independent with the demise of the Manchu Qing dynasty and would remain so until 1950. In his essay "Hidden Tibet: History of Independence and Occupation" published by the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives at Dharamsala, S.L. Kuzmin, quoting the memoirs of Soviet diplomat A. M. Ledovsky, claims that on January 22, 1950, during
Protests and uprisings in Tibet since 1950
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the revised title "Who Owns India's History? A Critique of Shashi Tharoor's Inglorious Empire". Inglorious Empire Inglorious Empire: What the British Did to India is a book by the Indian historian and author Shashi Tharoor. The book depicts the atrocities and wrongdoings that were committed in the Indian sub-continent during the British Raj. It was published in India under the title An Era of Darkness: The British Empire in India. The event that led the author to write this book was a 2015 Oxford Union speech he delivered on the topic "Does Britain owe reparations to its former colonies?" The
Inglorious Empire
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starts at 1500 and we don't look at the fact that Byzantium was on one of the great trade routes of the previous millennium and a half—or several millennia in fact. Until Columbus, you did not reach the spices of the orient; you did not reach the silks of China, without crossing the Eastern Mediterranean. ...When most academic scholarship really begins, Byzantium has been subsumed in the Ottoman Empire." In 2018 she curated the exhibition "Armenia!". Helen C. Evans Helen C. Evans is an American art historian and curator specializing in Byzantine art. She has worked for the Metropolitan Museum
Helen C. Evans
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Zealand formally joined the British Empire after the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi. The first major contact between both nations was during first wave of Irish immigration to New Zealand. Because the Irish were considered to be "British", it is unknown who the first Irish were to reach New Zealand, however, the first Irish migrants to reach New Zealand would have occurred around 1840 when the New Zealand Company first began assisting would-be migrants to settle in New Zealand. In comparison to Irish immigration to North America and Australia, very few Irish people migrated to New Zealand, mainly due
Ireland–New Zealand relations
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40,000 men. By the end of the period, the army had been through a series of structural, recruitment, tactical and training reforms and its manpower had vastly increased. At its peak, in 1813, the regular army contained over 250,000 men. The British infantry was "the only military force not to suffer a major reverse at the hands of Napoleonic France." During the long reign of Queen Victoria, British society underwent great changes such as industrialisation and the enactment of liberal reforms within Britain. The period was also marked by the steady expansion and consolidation of the British Empire. The role
History of the British Army
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Qu Yinhua made the first reported ascent of the peak from the north ridge on 25 May 1960. The history of this area dates back to 800 BCE, when the ancient Kirati had their Kirata Kingdom in the Himalayan mountains . The Mahalangur range of the Himalaya is also known as Kirat area of eastern Nepal. In 1715, the Qing Empire of China surveyed the mountain while mapping its territory and depicted it as Mount Qomolangma no later than 1719. In 1802, the British began the Great Trigonometric Survey of India to fix the locations, heights, and names of the
Mount Everest
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the wholesale price for a hogshead of the beer. In 1886, as he prepared to enter Parliament, William McEwan appointed his nephew, William Younger, as managing director of the brewery. When the company was registered in 1889 it was worth £408,000 and had capital of £1 million, and was the largest brewery in the United Kingdom under a single owner. By the turn of the twentieth century the company had a large share of the market throughout Scotland, a 90 per cent share of the Tyneside market, and was exporting to Scottish expatriates across the British Empire. At its peak
McEwan's
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that at its peak, it covered an area of 200 dunams (some 50 acres). A 1938 deed issued by the British mandatory authorities to the Islamic waqf outlined the size of the plot as 134.5 dunams (33 acres). Religious warriors or mujahideen who died in the battles for control over Jerusalem with the Byzantines in 636 and the Crusaders in 1137 were buried in the cemetery, including, according to tradition, some 70,000 soldiers of Saladin. The Church of St Mamilla was still standing in the 9th century when Palestine was under the rule of the Abbasid Empire; it is listed
Mamilla Cemetery