who passed the vernacular press act in 1878
Viceroy 's Council
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remained. Vernacular Press Act In British India, the Vernacular Press Act (1878) was enacted to curtail the freedom of the Indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). The act was proposed by Lord Lytton, then Viceroy of India, and was unanimously passed by the Viceroy's Council on 14 March 1878. The act excluded English-language publications as it was meant to control seditious writing in 'publications in Oriental languages' everywhere in the country, except for the South.But the British totally discriminated the Indian
Vernacular Press Act
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Vernacular Press Act In British India, the Vernacular Press Act (1878) was enacted to curtail the freedom of the Indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). The act was proposed by Lord Lytton, then Viceroy of India, and was unanimously passed by the Viceroy's Council on 14 March 1878. The act excluded English-language publications as it was meant to control seditious writing in 'publications in Oriental languages' everywhere in the country, except for the South.But the British totally discriminated the Indian Press.
Vernacular Press Act
14522382
remained. Vernacular Press Act In British India, the Vernacular Press Act (1878) was enacted to curtail the freedom of the Indian press and prevent the expression of criticism toward British policies—notably, the opposition that had grown with the outset of the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–80). The act was proposed by Lord Lytton, then Viceroy of India, and was unanimously passed by the Viceroy's Council on 14 March 1878. The act excluded English-language publications as it was meant to control seditious writing in 'publications in Oriental languages' everywhere in the country, except for the South.But the British totally discriminated the Indian
Vernacular Press Act
2241361
its intent, the legislation was scuppered by Europeans living in India who did not want to be tried by a native judge. In this Ripon was supported by Florence Nightingale, who also backed his efforts to obtain a Bengal land tenancy bill (eventually the Bengal Tenancy Act of 1885) that would improve the situation of the peasants. He repealed the controversial Vernacular Press Act, 1878 passed by Lytton in 1882. He was also instrumental in supporting Dietrich Brandis to reorganize the Madras Forest Department and expand systematic forest conservancy in India. He is still revered in Chennai (formerly Madras), India
George Robinson, 1st Marquess of Ripon
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the requirement that print media organisations submit materials to the government prior to publication. Burma ranked 151st of 179 nations in the 2012–2013 worldwide Press Freedom Index from Reporters Without Borders. During the reign of King Mindon Min of Burma's last dynasty, the Konbaung dynasty, the country had one of the freest presses in Asia. The Seventeen Articles, passed in 1873 safeguarded freedom of the press. In 1878, after Lower Burma was annexed by the United Kingdom, the Vernacular Press Act was passed, which attempted to repress propaganda against the British government in local language newspapers. In 1898, the Criminal
Censorship in Myanmar
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Sir Ashley Eden summoned him and offered to contribute to his paper regularly if he gave him final editorial approval. Ghose refused, and remarked that “there ought to be at least one honest journalist in the land.” The Vernacular Press Act might be said to have grown from this incident. About the time the Act was passed, Sir Ashley remarked in a speech that forty five seditious writings published in fifteen different vernacular papers were presented to him before the Act was finalized. The Vernacular Press Act stated that any magistrate or Commissioner of Police had the authority to call
Vernacular Press Act
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Act also held that no printed material shall impugn the motives of the British Raj, tending to bring it hatred and contempt and exciting unlawful resistance to its orders. When the British Government found that the Gagging Act was not potent enough to repress all nationalist sentiments, it created a more forcible law, designed in part by Sir Alexander John Arbuthnot and Sir Ashley Eden, Lieutenant Governor of Bengal. At the time the Vernacular Press Act was passed, there were thirty five vernacular papers in Bengal, including the "Amrita Bazar Patrika", the editor of which was one Sisir Kumar Ghose.
Vernacular Press Act
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contemporaneous Oriental scholars like Monier Monier-Williams and Max Müller, who in their works had been presenting ancient India as a great civilisation. Irritation, on the other hand, came not just from incidents of racial discrimination at the hands of the British in India, but also from governmental actions like the use of Indian troops in imperial campaigns (e.g. in the Second Anglo-Afghan War) and the attempts to control the vernacular press (e.g. in the "Vernacular Press Act of 1878"). It was, however, Viceroy Lord Ripon's partial reversal of the Ilbert Bill (1883), a legislative measure that had proposed putting Indian
British Raj
9086769
of nationalsts of the Anushilan Samiti were convicted. However, Aurobindo Ghosh had escaped conviction. With defiant messages from journals such as "Jugantar", the propvisions of the 1878 Vernacular Press Act were revived. Herbert Hope Risley, in 1907, declared, ""We are overwhelmed with a mass of heterogeneous material, some of it misguided, some of it frankly seditious,"" in response to a deluge of imagery associated with the Cow Protection Movement. These concerns led him to draft the major substance of the 1910 Press Act. The main instruments of control imposed by the Press Act were financial securities which were vulnerable to
Press Act
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field of Bengali newspapers. Initially, "Somprakash" was published from a lane in Champatala in Kolkata. When the railway was extended to Canning in 1862, he shifted the printing press to his native village Chingripota (renamed as Subhasgram), now in South 24 Parganas. It strongly criticised the powerful indigo planters and landlords. In his evidence before the Indigo Enquiry Committee, Rev. James Long emphatically stated, "These periodicals play a significant role as the mouthpiece of the Indian public." In 1878, when the viceroy, Lord Lytton, introduced the Vernacular Press Act, specially targeting the Bengali press, Vidyabhusan closed down "Somprakash", rather than
Dwarkanath Vidyabhusan
14522374
The act empowered the government to impose restrictions on the press in the following ways: 1.) Modelled on the Irish press act, this act provided the government with extensive rights to censor reports and editorials in the Vernacular press. 2.) From now on the government kept regular track of Vernacular newspapers. 3.) When a report published in the newspaper was judged as seditious, the newspaper was warned. 4.)No Indian was allowed to carry arms without license The first periodicals in India were under the control of East India Company, and the press sometimes created a problem for the interests of
Vernacular Press Act
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the company. This resulted in the first two papers being banned—one started by Bolt and the Bengal Gazette. Lord Wellesley regulated the press again in 1799; according to which press had to show and get approval of the government before the publication of any manuscript including advertisement. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the "Gagging Act" had been passed by Lord Canning which sought to regulate the establishment of printing presses and to restrain the mad of printed mater. All presses had to have a license from the government with distinction between publications in English and other regional languages. The
Vernacular Press Act
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of Lord Ripon reviewed the developments consequent upon the Act and finally withdrew it. However, the resentment it produced among Indians helped fuel India’s growing independence movement. The Indian Association, which is generally considered to be one of the precursors of the Indian National Congress, was one of the Act's biggest critics. The crucial demand for a judicial trial in case of an accusation of sedition against an editor was never conceded by the government, although in October 1878 the act was modified in minor respect; the submission of proofs before publication was no longer insisted upon, although the bail-bond
Vernacular Press Act
2372764
Proclamation of her Majesty, Queen Victoria, as Empress of India. After this the Queen conferred upon him the honor of the Grand Cross of the civil division of the Order of the Bath. In 1879 an attempt was made to assassinate Lord Lytton, but he escaped uninjured. The principal event of his viceroyalty was the Afghan war. (New York Times 1891.) In 1877, Lord Lytton convened a "durbar" (imperial assembly) in Delhi which was attended by around 84,000 people including princes and title holders. In 1878, he promulgated the Vernacular Press Act, which empowered him to confiscate the press and
Robert Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Earl of Lytton
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(now Kolkata), due to the outbreak of plague in Amrita Bazaar. Here it functioned as a bilingual weekly, publishing news and views in English and Bengali. Its anti-government views and vast influence among the people was a thorn in the flesh of the government. Lord Lytton, the Viceroy of India promulgated the Vernacular Press Act on 1878 mainly against ABP. The "Patrika" became a daily in 1891. It was the first Indian-owned English daily to go into investigative journalism. During the tenure of Lord Lansdowne, a "Patrika" journalist rummaged through the waste paper basket of the Viceroy's office and pieced
Amrita Bazar Patrika
14522379
language press included: Any one or more of the above were punishable by law, but no redress could be sought in any court in the land. Because the British government was in a hurry to pass the bill without encouraging any reactions whatever, the bill was not published in the usual papers in Calcutta and the North-Western Provinces were the slowest in obtaining information. While the "Amrita Bazar Patrika" in Calcutta had converted itself into an all-English weekly within a week of the passing of the Vernacular Press Act, papers in the north were wondering what the exact provisions of
Vernacular Press Act
1377492
was based on the 1865 act passed in New South Wales which declared Ben Hall and his gang outlaws). The act also penalized anyone who harbored, gave "any aid, shelter or sustenance" to the outlaws or withheld or gave false information about them to the authorities. Punishment was "imprisonment with or without hard labour for such period not exceeding fifteen years". With this new act in place, on 4 November 1878, warrants were issued against the four members of the Kelly gang. The deadline for their voluntary surrender was set at 12 November 1878. At midday on 9 December 1878,
Ned Kelly
19661395
The reports do not indicate who was driving, since both were violating the red-flag law then fully in force. Boulton's carriage was developed from a scrapped John Bridge Adams light-rail vehicle. These were solid fired steam carriages. This event and the details of the vehicles are recorded in the contemporary press, "The Engineer", and in Fletcher's books. The Wisconsin legislature passed an act in 1875 offering a substantial purse for the first US motor race, which was run on July 16, 1878, over a 200-mile course from Green Bay to Appleton, Oshkosh, Waupon, Watertown, Fort Atkinson and Janesville, then turning
History of auto racing
14914776
Lyon, born March 10, 1853; Florence, born January 20, 1857; Dearie, born July 7, 1865. After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed on May 30, 1854, Samuel moved his family to Lawrence, Kansas. After the murder of Charles Dow, on November 21, 1855, Samuel took part in the Rescue of Jacob Branson which occurred on November 26, 1855. In the 1850s Wood was part owner of the "Kansas Tribune" of Lawrence. In 1859 he established the first newspapers at Cottonwood Falls, "The Kansas Press", and at Council Grove, "The Council Grove Press." In 1878 to 1879 he was connected with "The
Samuel Newitt Wood
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of the Government or a native prince, to incite criminal intimidation and interference with law and order, and to intimidate public servants with threats of injury. Later, this act was repealed by Lord Reading (1921-1926). Press Act The Press Act of 1910 was legislation promulgated in British India imposing strict censorship on all kinds of publications. The measure was brought into effect to curtail the influence of Indian vernacular and English language in promoting support for what was considered radical Indian nationalism. It followed in the wake of two decades of increasing influence of journals such as "Kesari" in Western
Press Act
1528303
that bimetallism was mandated by the Constitution, and questioning how the Coinage Act had passed. Sympathetic newspapers began to suggest that the legislation had been enacted through corruption for the benefit of wealthy capitalists. On August 5, 1876, Missouri Congressman Richard P. Bland (soon to be known as "Silver Dick") told the House of Representatives, "The act of February 12, 1873 was a fraud, because its title gave no clue to the real intent of the act. The record shows that the act was stealthily passed, without reconsideration and without debate." In 1878, Congressman Kelley, who had introduced the bill
Coinage Act of 1873
9086767
Press Act The Press Act of 1910 was legislation promulgated in British India imposing strict censorship on all kinds of publications. The measure was brought into effect to curtail the influence of Indian vernacular and English language in promoting support for what was considered radical Indian nationalism. It followed in the wake of two decades of increasing influence of journals such as "Kesari" in Western India, publications such as "Jugantar" and "Bandemataram" in Bengal, and similar journals emerging in the United Provinces. These were deemed to influence a surge in nationalist violence and revolutionary terrorism against interests and officials of
Press Act
20749774
Narcotics Control Act 1990 The Narcotics Control Act 1990 is a Bangladeshi law that regulates narcotics including production, distribution, transaction, possession, transportation, cultivation, etc. The act was passed in 1990. The Narcotics act was passed in 1990 by the Parliament of Bangladesh. It repealed the previous laws, the Opium Act of 1878, the Excise Act of 1909, the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1930, the Opium Smoking Act of 1932 and the Prohibition Rules of 1950. The government added amendments to the act in 2000, 2002, and 2004. The act came into force on 2 January 1990. The act made the
Narcotics Control Act 1990
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the competition, and a "No" if they dislike the act and do not wish to see them again. In season 5, the Golden Buzzer is introduced. Each judge can press the Golden Buzzer only once per season. Any act on whom the Golden Buzzer is used will automatically advance to the live semi-finals. The hosts were given the power to press it on the 6th season. At the end of the live auditions round, the acts that have passed will move on to this round. In this round, the judges will deliberate all the acts who passed the auditions. In
Pilipinas Got Talent
18292149
Act of 1912. This legislation was profoundly influenced by farmers' leaders such as Edward Alexander Partridge of Sintaluta and William Richard Motherwell of Abernathy. Manitoba Grain Act The Manitoba Grain Act was an act passed by the Federal government of Canada in 1900 to protect the interests of grain farmers against abuses by the grain storage and trading companies and the railways. Although well-intentioned the act was flawed, and a series of amendments were required before the more effective Canada Grain Act of 1912 was passed. After 1878 the governments of Canada implemented policies to encourage development of grain farming
Manitoba Grain Act
728367
of federal troops in any U.S. state. By the 1878 election, Congress was dominated by the Democratic Party, and they passed the Posse Comitatus Act in 1878. According to historian Heather Cox Richardson, railroad robber baron Thomas A. Scott convinced President Hayes to use federal troops to end the Great Railroad Strike of 1877, causing a backlash that motivated bipartisan support for the Posse Comitatus Act. In the mid-20th century, the administration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower used an exception to the Posse Comitatus Act, derived from the Enforcement Acts, to send federal troops into Little Rock, Arkansas, during the
Posse Comitatus Act
551428
and economic ruin. Again, he spoke against the bill, but like the Matthews resolution, the Bland–Allison Act passed both houses of Congress in 1878. President Hayes shared Bayard's fear of inflation, and vetoed the bill, but Congress mustered the two-thirds vote necessary to overturn the veto, and it became law. The elections of 1878 returned control of both houses of Congress to the Democrats for the first time since before the Civil War. The new Democratic majority passed an army appropriation bill in 1879 with a rider that repealed the Enforcement Acts. Those Acts, passed during Reconstruction, made it a
Thomas F. Bayard
18292137
Manitoba Grain Act The Manitoba Grain Act was an act passed by the Federal government of Canada in 1900 to protect the interests of grain farmers against abuses by the grain storage and trading companies and the railways. Although well-intentioned the act was flawed, and a series of amendments were required before the more effective Canada Grain Act of 1912 was passed. After 1878 the governments of Canada implemented policies to encourage development of grain farming in the prairie province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories of Saskatchewan, Assiniboia and Alberta. These included setting up protective tariffs, encouraging settlement on
Manitoba Grain Act
2314250
of forest in Loughton. This led to an injunction against further enclosures. The Epping Forest Act 1878 was passed, saving the forest from enclosure, and halting the shrinkage of the forest that this had caused. Epping Forest ceased to be a royal forest and was placed in the care of the City of London Corporation who act as "Conservators". In addition, the Crown's right to venison was terminated, and pollarding was no longer allowed, although grazing rights continued. This act laid down a stipulation that the Conservators "shall at all times keep Epping Forest unenclosed and unbuilt on as an
Epping Forest
13918677
which was John McKellar's "A Cup Of Tea, A Bex and A Good Lie Down" (1965), the title of which immediately passed into the Australian vernacular. Other known productions included a local version of the landmark British satirical sketch show "Beyond The Fringe" (1962), "Stop Press" (1961) "The Importance of Being Oscar" (1964), "Flaming Youth" (1963) and "At It Again". The topical satire featured in the Phillip St revues exerted a considerable influence on Australia's first satirical TV comedy series, "The Mavis Bramston Show" (1964–68), and the Bramston show featured numerous cast and crew who had worked in these live
Phillip Street Theatre
311083
and old, more people could discuss these works. Book production became more commercialised, and the first copyright laws were passed. On the other hand, the printing press was criticized for allowing the dissemination of information which may have been incorrect. A second outgrowth of this popularization of knowledge was the decline of Latin as the language of most published works, to be replaced by the vernacular language of each area, increasing the variety of published works. The printed word also helped to unify and standardize the spelling and syntax of these vernaculars, in effect 'decreasing' their variability. This rise in
Printing press
16282263
was worth just over half the face value/ Someone who presented ten dollars in silver bullion would receive back almost twice that in silver coin. Advocates believed these proposals would lead to prosperity, while opponents warned that varying from the gold standard (which the United States had, effectively, used since 1873) would cause problems in international trade. The 1878 Bland-Allison Act and the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890 required the government to buy large quantities of silver and strike it into coin. They had been passed as compromises between free silver and the gold standard. Bryan, who had been
William Jennings Bryan 1896 presidential campaign
11014576
Eastern Bengal and Assam on the fiftieth anniversary of the 1857 mutiny. This allowed abolishment of public meetings, and the Indian press was subjected to controls to limit seditious material being published. The Explosive Substances Act and the Newspaper Act were passed in June 1908 to try and arrest agitation. In June 1907 local governments were further authorised to initiate proceedings against local press publishing seditious material amongst civilian population or the army. "The Indian Sociologist" was banned in India in September 1907 and in November that year the Prevention of Seditious Meetings Act was passed. February 1910 saw the
Defence of India Act 1915
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he was described as "a celebrated scholar and teacher of the Indian languages, classical and vernacular, and the author of several educational works", who had worked for many years to help teach probationers members of the Indian Civil Service studying at Oxford. George Nicholl George Frederick Nicholl (5 November 1832 – 28 July 1913) was a British academic, who held the position of Lord Almoner's Professor of Arabic at the University of Oxford from 1878 until 1909. Nicholl was born in Tipton, Staffordshire (now West Midlands). He matriculated at Oxford as a member of Balliol College in 1878 at the
George Nicholl
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the act were, even after two weeks of its existence. The following years saw the appearance and disappearance of a number of Bengali journals in quick succession, failing to gain support with their poverty of language and thought. Once publishers learned of the provisions, the repressive measure encountered strong opposition. All the native associations irrespective of religion, caste and creed denounced the measure and kept their protests alive. All the prominent leaders as Bengal and India condemned the Act as unwarranted and unjustified, and demanded its immediate withdrawal. The newspapers themselves kept criticizing the measure without end. The succeeding administration
Vernacular Press Act
14522378
upon any printer or publisher of a newspaper to enter into a bond, undertaking not to print a certain kind of material, and could confiscate any printed material it deemed objectionable. The Act provided for submitting to police all the proof sheets of contents of papers before publication. What was seditious news was to be determined by the police, and not by the judiciary. Under this Act many of the papers were fined, their editors jailed. Thus, they were subject to prior restraint. The affected party could not seek redress in a court of law. General threats to the Indian
Vernacular Press Act
1377491
days later by Henry G. Sparrow, several hundred metres north-west from the campsite, near Germans Creek. The site of Kennedys' murder was claimed to be rediscovered in 2006. In response to the public outrage at the murder of police officers, the reward was raised to £500 and, on 31 October 1878, the Victorian Parliament passed the "Felons' Apprehension Act", coming into effect on 1 November 1878, which outlawed the gang and made it possible for anyone to shoot them: There was no need for the outlaws to be arrested or for there to be a trial upon apprehension (the act
Ned Kelly
18609833
he visited the United States to study the conditions of dental practice there, and in 1875 he began work as secretary of the executive council of the Dental Reform Committee. The object of the committee was to obtain an act of parliament to regulate dental practice, with a dentists' register, admittance to and removal from which should be under the supervision of the General Medical Council. There was much opposition. The Dentists Act 1878 was passed by the help of Sir John Lubbock, and received the royal assent on 22 July 1878. On 15 August the dental register was opened,
James Smith Turner
20947578
campaigner and translator Henrietta Frances Lord passed the exam in 1872. Over the subsequent decade until the exam was last held in 1878, over 264 candidates took the exam, some of whom were re-takes or additional qualifications meaning that the actual number of individual women who participated was somewhat lower than 264. Of these 139 passed, of whom 53 passed with honours. Of the 139: In 1878, there were 42 candidates of whom 24 passed. The certificate ceased to be offered from 1878 as it provided evidence that there was no necessity to examine men and women separately. Women were
General Examination for Women
15346258
districts under the Epping Forest Act 1878. English Special Constables have manifested as various legal entities since 1673, but the modern-day Special Constabulary traces its roots to the 1831 “Act for amending the laws relative to the appointment of special constables, and for the better preservation of the Police,” which was passed as a response to industrial violence. The role of Special Constables was redefined into its present incarnation during the First World War when a large force was recruited both to compensate for the loss of regular members who joined the war effort and to add an extra layer
Special constable
10290988
of policing a genuinely free press". He was critical of Cameron ("too close to News International") who "in a pretty cynical act of political expediency has prejudiced the outcome of this inquiry by declaring that the" Press Complaints Commission, "an institution he'd been committed to only a few weeks previously, was a 'failed' body". Dacre claimed legislation passed in the last 20 years already helped stop necessary journalistic enquiry, and meant that the press was "already on the very cusp of being over regulated". After returning to his negative opinion of liberals, who "by and large hate all the popular
Paul Dacre
2984052
The influx of émigrés, and the rising rates of violent crime associated with it, led to popular concerns and comments in the press. The government passed the Aliens Act 1905 in an attempt to reduce immigration. The popular press reflected the opinions of many at the time; a leading article in "The Manchester Evening Chronicle" supported the bill to bar "the dirty, destitute, diseased, verminous and criminal foreigner who dumps himself on our soil". The journalist Robert Winder, in his examination of immigration into Britain, opines that the Act "gave official sanction to xenophobic reflexes which might ... have remained
Siege of Sidney Street
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without trial indefinitely due to disagreements among lawmakers and government officials. The Daniel Pearl Freedom of the Press Act was originally introduced to Congress by Reps. Adam Schiff (D., Calif.) and Mike Pence (R., Ind.) and by Sen. Christopher Dodd (D., Conn.) on October 1, 2009. After its introduction, the act passed through the House of Representatives with a vote of 403 to 12 and passed unanimously in the Senate; however, a provision requiring the Secretary of State, in coordination with the Department of State's Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor in consultation with the Undersecretary for Public Affairs
Daniel Pearl Freedom of the Press Act
6586026
Canada Temperance Act The Canada Temperance Act () (the "Act") was an Act of the Parliament of Canada in 1878, which provided for an option for municipalities to opt-in by plebiscite to a prohibitionary scheme. It was often known as the Scott Act, on account of its sponsor Sir Richard William Scott. The "Act" was based on similar legislation known as the Dunkin Act (the "Canada Temperance Act" of 1864, named after Christopher Dunkin), passed in 1864 by the Province of Canada, which gave the power to communities to enact prohibition. The "Act" was subject to several of the first
Canada Temperance Act
3274485
the government in 1878. The next phase of agitation for the Outer Circle line was driven by politics and land speculators; the line being included in both the 1882 and 1884 Railway Construction Acts. The act authorising the line was passed on 12 December 1884, the act also authorising the viaduct connecting Flinders Street and Spencer Street stations. By 1885 two parliamentarians who helped approve the line, F.E. Beaver and James Munro, had purchased half the land adjoining the new railway. Construction commenced in 1888 and was finally completed by 1891. The Outer Circle connected Camberwell station (on the modern
Outer Circle railway line
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middle class. A woman who obtained a judicial separation took the status of a "feme sole," with full control of her own civil rights. Additional amendments came in 1878, which allowed for separations handled by local justices of the peace. The Church of England blocked further reforms until the final breakthrough came with the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973. A series of four laws called the Married Women's Property Act passed Parliament from 1870 to 1882 that effectively removed the restrictions that kept wealthy married women from controlling their own property. They now had practically equal status with their husbands, and
History of women in the United Kingdom
616544
uprising in India spreading, the Settlements' press reacted with anger, classing it as something that subverted "every principle of liberty and free discussion". As there was little or no vernacular press in the Settlements, such an act seemed irrelevant: it was rarely enforced and ended in less than a year. On 1 April 1867 the Settlements became a British Crown colony, making the Settlements answerable directly to the Colonial Office in London instead of the government of British India based in Calcutta. Earlier, on 4 February 1867, Letters Patent had granted the Settlements a colonial constitution. This allocated much power
Straits Settlements
17412661
Arms Act, 1959 The Arms Act, 1878 is an Act of the Parliament of India to consolidate and amend the law relating to arms and ammunition in order to curb illegal weapons and violence stemming from them. The Arms Act was passed in 1959 which made it impossible for most Indians to own weapons to ensure that if there were another Indian uprising, it would be less effective (for O level students) The act is divided into six chapters. The Act has undergone many changes since 1959, the most recent being in 2010 through an amendment for the Arms Act.
Arms Act, 1959
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Immigration Bill, the Vernacular Press Act and the Ilbert Bill through the columns of the "Hindoo Patriot". He protested against the oppression of tea workers and termed the Immigration Bill as 'The Slave Law of India'. Hindoo Patriot The Hindoo Patriot () was an English weekly published from Kolkata in the later half of the nineteenth century.Bengal. The "Hindoo Patriot" was first published on 6 January 1853 by Madhusudan Ray, under the editorship of Girish Chandra Ghosh. It began to be published every Thursday from Kalakar Street where Madhusudan Ray's press was located. In 1854, it was printed for some
Hindoo Patriot
18349997
Crawley P. Dake Crawley P. Dake (September 15, 1836April 9, 1890), while U.S. Marshal for the Arizona Territory from 1878 to 1882, introduced new techniques and helped to improve working relationships between law enforcement officers in the Arizona Territory. He was noted for his creativity and ability for deputizing civilian posses after the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878 was passed. He was a Union Army soldier during the Civil War. During 1878 to 1889, he formed posses charged with controlling lawlessness along the United States and Mexico border. Dake was born at Kemptville, Ontario, Canada on September 15, 1836. His
Crawley P. Dake
17412664
weapons, mining and metallurgy: Arms Act, 1959 The Arms Act, 1878 is an Act of the Parliament of India to consolidate and amend the law relating to arms and ammunition in order to curb illegal weapons and violence stemming from them. The Arms Act was passed in 1959 which made it impossible for most Indians to own weapons to ensure that if there were another Indian uprising, it would be less effective (for O level students) The act is divided into six chapters. The Act has undergone many changes since 1959, the most recent being in 2010 through an amendment
Arms Act, 1959
15960522
the Carlton Hill area. Co-founder Thomas Boxall was the first pastor from July 1878 until 1893, and Virgo himself took over in that year—leading the chapel as well as undertaking his work at Wivelsfield. Virgo died in 1903, but the chapel was still linked to Wivelsfield until it failed between 1907 and 1910. Bethel Chapel is licensed for worship in accordance with the Places of Worship Registration Act 1855 and has the registration number 15568. Bethel Chapel is a plain, simple Vernacular building which has been extended several times. It has been described as "a quaint and interesting place" with
Bethel Strict Baptist Chapel, Wivelsfield
3871526
April people from neighbouring villages gathered for Baisakhi Day celebrations and to protest against deportion of two important Indian leaders in Amritsar, which led to the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre of 1919. Accepting the report of the Repressive Laws Committee, the Government of India repealed the Rowlatt Act, the Press Act, and twenty-two other laws in March 1922. The government passed the rotary of the accordance with the recommendation of this committee. Rowlatt Act The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919 , popularly known as the Rowlatt Act or Black Act, was a legislative act passed by the Imperial
Rowlatt Act
1743093
official language by Sinhala and Tamil. In November 1936 a motion that "in the Municipal and Police Courts of the Island the proceedings should be in the vernacular" and that "entries in police stations should be recorded in the language in which they are originally stated" were passed by the State Council and referred to the Legal Secretary. However, in 1944 J.R. Jayawardene moved in the State Council that Sinhala should replace English as the official language. In 1948, immediately after independence, a controversial law was passed by the Ceylon Parliament called the Ceylon Citizenship Act, which deliberately discriminated against
Sri Lankan Civil War
728376
military members received "administrative actions". Posse Comitatus Act The Posse Comitatus Act is a United States federal law (, original at ) signed on June 18, 1878, by President Rutherford B. Hayes. The purpose of the act – in concert with the Insurrection Act of 1807 – is to limit the powers of the federal government in using federal military personnel to enforce domestic policies within the United States. It was passed as an amendment to an army appropriation bill following the end of Reconstruction and was updated in 1956 and 1981. The act only specifically applies to the United
Posse Comitatus Act
728361
Posse Comitatus Act The Posse Comitatus Act is a United States federal law (, original at ) signed on June 18, 1878, by President Rutherford B. Hayes. The purpose of the act – in concert with the Insurrection Act of 1807 – is to limit the powers of the federal government in using federal military personnel to enforce domestic policies within the United States. It was passed as an amendment to an army appropriation bill following the end of Reconstruction and was updated in 1956 and 1981. The act only specifically applies to the United States Army and, as amended
Posse Comitatus Act
1680942
State of Mississippi (or Mississippi A&M), one of the national land-grant colleges established after Congress passed the Morrill Act in 1862. It was created by the Mississippi Legislature on February 28, 1878, to fulfill the mission of offering training in "agriculture, horticulture and the mechanical arts ... without excluding other scientific and classical studies, including military tactics." The university received its first students in the fall of 1880 in the presidency of General Stephen D. Lee. In 1887 Congress passed the Hatch Act, which provided for the establishment of the Agricultural Experiment Station in 1888. The Cooperative Extension Service was
Mississippi State University
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and Mr R. J. Neve. On 1 June 1937 the paper was renamed the "Lachlan Leader" "with which is incorporated the "Cowra Free Press"". The "Lachlan Leader" was absorbed by the "Cowra Guardian" in October 1943. The "Cowra Free Press" has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program of the National Library of Australia. Cowra Free Press The Cowra Free Press was a semi-weekly English language newspaper published from 1878 to 1937 in Cowra, New South Wales, Australia. The "Cowra Free Press" was established in 1878 by proprietor Joseph Charles Ryall, who remained associated with the paper
Cowra Free Press
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the beginning of the eighteenth century however no objection was made to the appointment of Irish-born judges. The Court of Queen's Bench was abolished in 1878 by the Supreme Court of Judicature Act (Ireland) 1877. The Court's jurisdiction passed to a new High Court of Justice. The High Court was itself abolished by Section 40 of the Government of Ireland Act 1920. That section created a High Court in Northern Ireland, which still contains a Queen's Bench Division, with similar jurisdiction to its counterpart in England and Wales. In the Republic of Ireland the jurisdiction passed to the new High
Court of King's Bench (Ireland)
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from the Yellowstone Valley, the first of an eventual 13 million acre reserve campaign throughout the Harrison presidency. Signed as a repeal of the previous Timber Culture Act of 1878 and the Preemption Act of 1841, Congress passed the General Revision Act of 1891. Additional provisions of the act included the limitation of homestead claims to fewer than 160 acres, limited future claims other than mineral lands to less than 320 acres per person and a tightened adjustment to the Desert Land Act of 1877 by requiring a greater degree of evidence of irrigation plans upon future land sales. As
General Revision Act
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Nowlan), reached the north bank of the Yellowstone, having been detached as the escort of Colonel Sheridan, who was to proceed to the Little Bighorn for the purpose of securing the bodies of the officers who fell in the Custer fight. Later in the day Colonel Sheridan passed up the river on the steamer Fletcher, being accompanied by Captain Schwan, Company G, Eleventh Infantry. Headquarters of the Military District of Dakota Territory, March 15, 1878, designated Capt. Theodore Schwan to act as Indian agent at the Cheyenne Agency, Dakota Territory. On June 20, the commissioner of Indian Affaires instructed Captain
Theodore Schwan
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Vernacular Music Center The Vernacular Music Center at Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Texas, is a center for in-depth and comparative research, study, teaching and advocacy on behalf of the world's vernacular musics and dance. The Center was founded at Texas Tech in the Fall of 2000 under Executive Director Dr Christopher J Smith. The VMC states that it "engages with folk music, traditional music and dance from around the world: vernacular idioms that are learned, taught, shared, and passed-on by ear and in the memory." The term "vernacular" is employed in its title in order to allude to "vernacular
Vernacular Music Center
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London" informs us, in 1878: Situated in the centre of the pleasure-going Westend population, the Haymarket is a great place for hotels, supper-houses, and foreign cafés; and it need hardly be added here, that so many of its taverns became the resort of the loosest characters, after the closing of the theatres, who turned night into day, and who were so constantly appearing before the sitting magistrates in consequence of drunken riots and street rows, that the Legislature interfered, and an Act of Parliament was passed, compelling the closing of such houses of refreshment at twelve o'clock. It is part
Haymarket, London
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MIT Press), "Madaline: Love and Survival in Antebellum New Orleans" (1996. Athens: University of Georgia Press), and "America’s Architectural Roots: Ethnic Groups That Built America" (Washington: Preservation Press). As a founding member of the Vernacular Architecture Forum, Upton has published on materialist history and theory as separate from canonical architectural histories. Works such as "Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture", with John Michael Vlach (Athens: University of Georgia Press) and "Architecture History or Landscape History?" in the Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. He wrote the chief essay for the Metropolitan Museum of Art's exhibition "Art and the
Dell Upton
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passed the Aliens Act 1905 in an attempt to reduce immigration. The popular press reflected the opinions of many; a leading article in "The Manchester Evening Chronicle" supported the bill to bar "the dirty, destitute, diseased, verminous and criminal foreigner who dumps himself on our soil". The journalist Robert Winder, in his examination of immigration into Britain, opines that the Act "gave official sanction to xenophobic reflexes which might ... have remained dormant". Paul Helfeld (also given as Hefeld), aged 21 in 1909, and Jacob Lepidus (also reported as Lapidus), who was 25 the same year, were Jewish-Latvian immigrants. They
Tottenham outrage
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of an American Girl". Vernacular Press closed in 2007. Hamann wrote "Anthropology of an American Girl", a semi-autobiographical coming-of-age story about Eveline Auerbach, a young woman growing up in Reagan-era America. Hamann was inspired to write the novel after taking graduate anthropology courses at NYU. The novel was first published by Vernacular Press in 2003. Hamann did not send the manuscript to agents or publishers until Vernacular closed in June 2007. "Anthropology" was purchased for publication two months later by Spiegel & Grau, and was re-released in May 2010. The paperback version was released in June 2011. The book was
Hilary Thayer Hamann
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can't fart and chew gum at the same time." The press, used to sanitizing Johnson's salty language, reported this as "Gerald Ford can't walk and chew gum at the same time." After Nixon was elected President in November 1968, Ford's role shifted to being an advocate for the White House agenda. Congress passed several of Nixon's proposals, including the National Environmental Policy Act and the Tax Reform Act of 1969. Another high-profile victory for the Republican minority was the State and Local Fiscal Assistance act. Passed in 1972, the act established a Revenue Sharing program for state and local governments.
Gerald Ford
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Cowra Free Press The Cowra Free Press was a semi-weekly English language newspaper published from 1878 to 1937 in Cowra, New South Wales, Australia. The "Cowra Free Press" was established in 1878 by proprietor Joseph Charles Ryall, who remained associated with the paper until he died, aged 91, in 1935. The first issues of the paper were published at the office of "The Grenfell Record and Lachlan District Advertiser". After Ryall's death, the paper was published by family members, with his son, R. J. Ryall as manager and editor. In April 1937 the paper was sold to Earnest Rowland Moulten
Cowra Free Press
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on the English constitutional principles of Dicey and Anson, had been the foundation of the Indian Independence Bill. 1 Keay, John. "India: A History". Grove Press Books, distributed by Publishers Group West. United States: 2000 , pp. 490 2 Keay, John. "India: A History". Grove Press Books, distributed by Publishers Group West. United States: 2000 , pp. 490 Government of India Act 1935 The Government of India Act, 1935 was originally passed in August 1935 (25 & 26 Geo. 5 c. 42), and is said to be the longest Act (British) of Parliament ever enacted by that time, surpassed only
Government of India Act 1935
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were not controlled by Mormons. In addition, the Morrill Act was upheld in 1878 by the United States Supreme Court in the case of "Reynolds v. United States". After "Reynolds", Congress became even more aggressive against polygamy, and passed the Edmunds Act in 1882. The Edmunds Act prohibited not just bigamy, which remained a felony, but also bigamous cohabitation, which was prosecuted as a misdemeanor, and did not require proof an actual marriage ceremony had taken place. The Act also vacated the Utah territorial government, created an independent committee to oversee elections to prevent Mormon influence, and disenfranchised any former
History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
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as authorized by the Poland Act. On April 1, 1878, he resigned as circuit judge and left for Salt Lake City, where he served for nearly six years. As part of his duties as District Attorney, Van Zile enforced existing anti-Mormon laws, including the Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act and the Poland Act. In 1882 Congress passed the Edmunds Act, which revoked key civil rights from target individuals without trial or due process. Among other things it revoked polygamists' right to vote, made them ineligible for jury service, and prohibited them from holding political office. This forced the retirement of George Q.
Philip T. Van Zile
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Methven Branch The Methven Branch was a branch line railway that was part of New Zealand's national rail network in Canterbury. It opened in 1880 and operated until 1976. In 1877, the District Railways Act was passed to enable districts to construct railway lines whose construction would not be financed by the government, and in May 1878, the Rakaia and Ashburton Forks Railway Company Ltd was established to construct a line inland from the Main South Line in Rakaia to the township of Methven. The first sod was turned on 19 November 1878 in Rakaia, and as the railway did
Methven Branch
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son of the great Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Barry and Hawkshaw worked on railway bridge crossings across the Thames, among other projects (Brunel pursued his own business from 1871, but in 1878 went into partnership with Barry). Barry began his own practice in 1867, and carried out more work for the railways. However, it was Tower Bridge that made Wolfe Barry's name. In 1878, architect Horace Jones first proposed a bascule bridge. An Act of Parliament allowing the Corporation of the City of London to build it was passed in 1885. Jones was appointed architect, and developed an initial scheme for
John Wolfe Barry
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of fens. Plans were approved in 1791 with the support of Brownlow Bertie, 5th Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven who owned estates and quarries that he hoped would benefit. An Act of Parliament passed in 1792, establishing the Sleaford Navigation, which opened two years later. After falling revenues due to competition from the railways, the navigation company closed in 1878. The river, although no longer navigable, passes under Carre Street and Southgate. The Nine Foot Drain, also unnavigable, meets the Slea just before Southgate. The resident population at the 2011 Census was 17,671, which accounts for roughly 15% of the
Sleaford
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the state reached 100,000 people. Each justice was assigned one district, and then all justices would gather at set intervals to confer on appeals, which would occur at least once per year and were authorized to meet more frequently if needed. On appeals, the justice who presided over the lower court case would not participate in the proceedings. Then in 1862 the court was expanded to five justices with the addition of a fifth judicial district. Also that year the Court hired its first clerk after the legislature authorized that position. In 1878, the legislature passed an act to separate
Oregon Supreme Court
499760
Matrimonial Causes Act 1857, which passed over the strenuous opposition of the highly traditional Church of England. The new law made divorce a civil affair of the courts, rather than a Church matter, with a new civil court in London handling all cases. The process was still quite expensive, at about £40, but now became feasible for the middle class. A woman who obtained a judicial separation took the status of a "feme sole," with full control of her own civil rights. Additional amendments came in 1878, which allowed for separations handled by local justices of the peace. The Church
Divorce
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found not to harmonize in all respects. Their general arrangement was faulty, and their language sometimes obscure. In 1869, a royal commission recommended that both should be recast in a simple and intelligible shape. In 1878, a committee of the House of Commons endorsed this view and made recommendations as to how the task should be performed. In 1879, passed into law a measure consolidating in one act both the Mutiny Act and the Articles of War, and amending their provisions in certain important respects. This measure was called the Army Discipline and Regulation Act 1879. After one or two
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the people." It was therefore necessary to build a connection with the electorate "…so real as to excite the interest of the masses of the people." For "…the greater the interest of the people in their representatives and the closer they are in touch with them, the more valuable are the results of representative institutions likely to prove." Though the act passed into law in 1874, the first election to take place under the new system was only in November 1878. The act divided the Cape of Good Hope into seven electoral provinces (or "circles"), with each being entitled to
Seven Circles Act
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would be dissolved. The Highways and Locomotives Amendment Act 1878 created a new class of highway – the main road. The Act provided that all former turnpike roads that had become public highways since 1870 were designated as main roads. Other main roads were to be those between "great towns" and those leading to railway stations. In addition any other highway could be declared a main road by the justices of the county in quarter sessions. Half the cost of maintaining main roads was to be borne by the county at large. In 1889 the Local Government Act passed responsibility
Highway district
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Terrorist Travel Prevention Act of 2015, which was passed by congress and signed into law by President Obama. The act, which was part of a necessary spending bill, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016, removed the privilege of 90-day visa-free entry of dual nationals of 38 visa-waiver countries who had traveled to specific countries since 2011. Instead, these travelers could enter with a visa. These countries are Iraq, Syria, and countries on the State Sponsors of Terrorism list (Iran and Sudan), with Libya, Yemen, and Somalia added later by the Secretary of Homeland Security. On January 30, White House press secretary,
Reactions to Executive Order 13769
1955773
widely used as prison guards in detainee facilities, whereas Marine Corps MPs focus on securing and processing detainees before passing them on to Army holding facilities. Since U.S. military police soldiers are members of the armed forces, they are prohibited from exercising domestic law enforcement powers under the Posse Comitatus Act, a federal law passed in 1878. MPs may enforce certain limited powers, such as traffic stops, on access roads and other federal property not necessarily within the boundaries of their military base or installation. When combined, the Posse Comitatus Act and Insurrection Act place significant limits on presidential power
Military police
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legal texts and translations from Latin and Greek. The Greek New Testament that Erasmus produced in 1516 became the basis for Martin Luther's German translation (1522) and William Tyndale's English version (1526). The rise in the numbers of Bibles and other books printed in native or vernacular languages contributed to the growth in the size or printing establishments and further undermined the influence of hand-copied, religious manuscripts. The printed word gained authority over the written one. Innis quotes historian W.E.H. Lecky: "The age of cathedrals had passed. The age of the printing press had begun." Innis notes that Luther "took
Empire and Communications
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wrote an op-ed in "The New York Times" calling for an end to invasive research on primates. Bartlett, who had previously conducted research on primates in connection with the U.S. space program, joined with Senator Maria Cantwell in introducing the Great Ape Protection and Cost Savings Act. It is estimated to save the federal government $300 million over the next 10 years, if passed. Press reports indicate that Bartlett's Political Action Committee is named Because All Responsible Taxpayers Like Every Truth Told PAC, or BARTLETT PAC for short. Press reports indicate Bartlett was instrumental in arranging House hearings on the
Roscoe Bartlett
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amendments to the Aldrich–Vreeland Act passed in 1914. He was also involved in several other business ventures, including as Director of the Washington and Georgetown Railroad, the ancestor of the Washington Metro, and as President of the Washington Stock Exchange. He married Annie Cunnigham Poor (1856-1943), daughter of Charles Henry Poor, on January 10, 1878. They had two children, Elizabeth Lindsay Glover (1878-1950) and Charles Carroll Glover Jr (1888-1976). Glover, his wife, their son, and his wife Marion Everett Wise Glover, were all buried in a family grave in Oak Hill Cemetery. In 1881, Glover started to promote the reclamation
Charles C. Glover
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and government conspirators. In response, the Bland–Allison Act, as it came to be known, was passed by Congress (over a Presidential veto) on 28 February 1878. It did not provide for the "free and unlimited coinage of silver" demanded by Western miners, but it did require the United States Treasury to purchase between $2 million and $4 million of silver bullion per month from mining companies in the West, to be minted into coins. The first silver certificates (Series 1878) were issued in denominations of $10 through $1,000. Reception by financial institutions was cautious. While more convenient and less bulky
Silver certificate (United States)
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of volunteers for the 5th Michigan Cavalry. He was later a U.S Marshal in the Arizona Territory from 1878 to 1882 noted for introducing new techniques and helping to improve working relationships between law enforcement officers. He was noted for his creativity and ability for deputizing civilian posses after the Posse Comitatus Act of 1878 was passed. 5th Michigan Volunteer Cavalry Regiment The 5th Regiment Michigan Volunteer Cavalry was a cavalry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was a part of the famed Michigan Brigade, commanded for a time by Brigadier General George
5th Michigan Volunteer Cavalry Regiment
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said deposit was not made over from another person subsequent to the commencement of a suit. Massachusetts Attorney General George Marston, however, advised banks that this amendment was likely unconstitutional due to its implied favoritism toward certain debtors, and that they should therefore not act on it. The first bank to take advantage of the stay law was the Brighton Five Cents, which applied the day the law passed the Legislature. In this case, the Bank Commissioners directed that, during the period from March 21st to September 21st, 1878, not more than 10 per cent of the total amount due
Stay Law of 1878
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that finish (many do not) before 4:30 pm are awarded a medal. There are a few other events preceding the Veteran Car Run such as Motoring Forum, Veteran Car Run Sale, a motor show, and participant reception. The first run took place on 14 November 1896, a wet Saturday. Organised by Harry J. Lawson, and named "The Emancipation Run", it was a celebration of the recently passed Locomotives on Highways Act 1896, which had replaced the restrictive Locomotive Acts of 1861, 1865 and 1878 and increased the speed limit to . Since 1878 the speed limit had been in the
London to Brighton Veteran Car Run
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United States passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882 to deal with what was believed to be an excess of Chinese labor-class immigrants, in particular in California. Many who were already in the United States, or were en route, went to Hawaii, and the islands were flooded with Chinese men. In 1883, between March and May, 3,400 Chinese male laborers arrived in Hawaii. The Hawaiian legislature then restricted immigration of Chinese men to 2,400 per year. Between 1878 and 1884, the population of Chinese laborers in Hawaii tripled. The first 943 contract laborers from Japan after Kalākaua's visit arrived February
Kalākaua's 1881 world tour
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working classes in five years than the Liberals have in fifty". The Public Health Act 1875 consolidated previous measures of public health and the Factory Act 1878 consolidated all previous Factory Acts, of which the veteran campaigner for Factory Acts, Lord Shaftesbury, spoke strongly in favour of in the House of Lords. Disraeli's government had previously passed a Factory Act in 1874 which reduced the working day for women and children to ten hours on a weekday and six hours on a Saturday. This was opposed by those Radicals such as Fawcett and 79 Liberals voted against it. The Rivers
Premierships of Benjamin Disraeli
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Farm", preceded by Herbert Keith's one-act play "The Note of Hand". This foyer is preserved today, as is the four-storey frontage. Dramatist W. S. Gilbert presented one of his later plays here, "Rosencrantz and Guildenstern" (1891), a burlesque "in Three Short 'Tableaux'". (He had published it in 1874 in "Fun magazine"). Also in 1891, Elizabeth Robins and Marion Lea directed and starred in Ibsen's "Hedda Gabler" at the theatre, and his "Rosmersholm" had its London premiere here. In 1892, Thorne passed the lease to restaurateurs Agostino and Stefano Gatti, who since 1878 had held the lease of the nearby Adelphi
Vaudeville Theatre
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landscape in the area of the shrine at the time. In ancient times, the estates of a number of powerful family clans were located in the Tezukayama area. Included among these was the house of the famous Ootomo No Kanamura, who supported Emperor Keitai. Tezukayama Tumulus is the burial site of either Ootomo No Kanamura or one of his children. Sumiyoshi-ku (ward) was originally called Sumiyoshi-gun (district) of the Settsu province. In ancient times the area prospered independently of the central Osaka area. In 1878, an act was passed for the organization of areas into a county system of "gun"
Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka
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Drayton municipality was abolished in 1875, and nine new municipalities were created: Townsville (15 February 1866), Gayndah (28 November 1866), Clermont (21 January 1867), Roma (21 May 1867), Allora (21 July 1869), Mackay (22 September 1869), Copperfield (10 May 1872), Cooktown (3 April 1876) and Charters Towers (21 June 1877). The Queensland Government passed the "Local Government Act 1878" in August of that year. According to the Act, the function of municipal councils was to maintain "the good rule and government of the municipality", and to provide public services and amenities. Examples of such anticipated by the Act included parks
Local government in Queensland
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a mayor-appointed group known as the Citizens' Corps, Patrick Mahon, alderman of the Sixth Ward, acted as county coroner to investigate the deaths, assisted by Stanton. Based on his coroner's jury, Mahon issued warrants for more than a dozen arrests. Stanton was later elected in late 1877 in a "wave of labor reform politics" as the candidate of the Greenback-Labor Party for Judge of the Luzerne County Court of Common Pleas, defeating incumbent Judge Dana, who was supported by Republicans and Democrats. In April 1878 the legislature passed an act authorizing the creation of new counties if population reached 150,000
William Henry Stanton (congressman)
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framing. In 1897, when the Dingley Tariff bill reached the Senate, Allison did most of the work reconciling discontented interests. When the Bland bill, allowing the free coinage of silver, came to the Senate, Allison altered it. The resulting Bland-Allison Act of 1878 simply had the government buy a certain, more limited amount of silver, which the Treasury was permitted to put into circulation as silver dollars. It was far less inflationary than Bland's original bill. The Act passed over the veto of President Rutherford B. Hayes. It remained unchanged until the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890. In 1892,
William B. Allison
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Heinrich Heine); but it did not ultimately have success, partially because of the harshness of his own writings in the music press. All but one of his operas were composed to Russian texts; the one exception, "Le flibustier" (based on a play by Jean Richepin), premiered at the Opéra-Comique in Paris in 1894 (twenty-five years after "Ratcliff"), but it did not succeed either. Cui's more successful stage works during his lifetime were the one-act comic opera "The Mandarin's Son" (publicly premiered in 1878), the three-act "Prisoner of the Caucasus" (1883), based on Pushkin, and the one-act "Mademoiselle Fifi" (1903), based
César Cui
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the news editor in retribution for statements made during a live program about the party’s poor showing in a recent by-election. Since gaining independence on October 24, 1964, Zambia has passed a number of laws affecting press freedom. The "Defamation Act of 1964" restricts freedom of expression, among other things by criminalizing defamation. The "State Security Act of 1969" limits free speech and media freedom, thereby restricting the possibility to criticize the government and its officials. The "Telecommunication Act of 1994" establishes an authority, which administers radio frequency spectrum leaving the approval of licenses under the authority of the Minister
Freedom of the press in Zambia
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the state Senate for concurrence, it did not have the force of law but served as an advisory opinion offering the sense of the House. The report was later published in the Charleston City Gazette and the Charleston State Gazette of South Carolina. "State Records of South Carolina". Journals of the House of Representatives, 1789-90. Michael Stevens, Christine Allen: Pub. for SCDAH by USC Press: ©1984 SCDAH 1st Ed. Pub. by University of South Carolina Press (1511 words) Moors Sundry Act of 1790 The Moors Sundry Act of 1790 was a 1790 advisory resolution passed by South Carolina House of
Moors Sundry Act of 1790
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tremendous popularity. They often deal with everyday life and have political messages (such as subtle criticisms of the capitalist system), partly because unlike novels, short stories are not censored by the Press Scrutiny Board. Poetry is also a popular genre today, as it was during the monarchical times, but unlike novels and other works, which use literary Burmese, may use the vernacular, instead of literary Burmese. This reform movement is led by left-leaning writers who believe laymen's language (the vernacular and colloquial form of Burmese) ought to be used instead of formal Burmese in literature. One of the greatest female
Burmese literature
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Council of Ceylon in 1936, the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) members N. M. Perera and Philip Gunawardena demanded the replacement of English as the official language by Sinhala and Tamil. In November 1936, a motion that "in the Municipal and Police Courts of the Island the proceedings should be in the vernacular" and that "entries in police stations should be recorded in the language in which they are originally stated" were passed by the State Council and referred to the legal secretary. In 1944, J. R. Jayewardene moved a motion in the State Council that Sinhala should replace English
Sinhala Only Act
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It is in full working order but for insurance reasons is open to the public only occasionally. Under an Act of Parliament of 1771, the Besselsleigh Turnpike Trust took over management of the road between Hungerford and Wantage and the Roman road between Wantage and Besselsleigh. The road ceased to be a turnpike in 1878. An open field system of farming prevailed in the parish until the beginning of the 19th century. Unusually, Parliament passed two Inclosure Acts for Garford: the first taking effect in 1814–15 and the second being passed in 1825. Garden Games, a supplier of outdoor play
Garford