when was the first united states flag created
June 14 , 1777
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were aware of the East India Company's activities and of their free administration of India under Company rule. In any case, both the stripes (barry) and the stars (mullets) have precedents in classical heraldry. Mullets were comparatively rare in early modern heraldry, but an example of mullets representing territorial divisions predating the U.S. flag are those in the coat of arms of Valais of 1618, where seven mullets stood for seven districts. On June 14, 1777, the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution which stated: ""Resolved", That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red
Flag of the United States
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The Grand Union Flag was the "de facto" first U.S. naval ensign. It was first raised aboard Continental Navy Commodore Esek Hopkins' flagship on the Delaware River on December 3, 1775; John Paul Jones, then the ship's senior lieutenant, personally claimed this honor. The current "Stars and Stripes" design was first adopted when the Second Continental Congress passed the Flag Resolution of June 14, 1777: ""Resolved," That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation." Subsequent flag acts have
Ensign of the United States
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surrounded by five stars for the five boroughs and the year "1895", when the department was created. The flag of the Parks Department features the department's leaf logo in green against a white field. The Parks Department flag is flown on a yardarm over every park in New York City, alongside the city flag and beneath the flag of the United States of America. These yardarms were controversial when first introduced in 1997, partly because they were considered by some to be inappropriate outside of a nautical context and partly because it was seen by the former president of the
Flags of New York City
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Francis Hopkinson House The Francis Hopkinson House is an historic home in Bordentown, Burlington County, New Jersey, United States, where Francis Hopkinson and his wife Ann Borden lived from 1774 until his death in 1791. Francis Hopkinson designed the first official flag of the United States. He created a Stars and Stripes flag with seven white stripes and six red ones for the United States and a Stars and Stripes flag with seven red stripes and six white ones for the Navy (the basis for the current U.S. flag). Hopkinson was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence
Francis Hopkinson House
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22, 1942, when Congress amended the Flag Code language first passed into law on June 22, 1942. Attached to bills passed in Congress in 2008 and then in 2009 (Section 301(b)(1) of title 36, United States Code), language was included which authorized all active duty military personnel and all veterans in civilian clothes to render a proper hand salute during the raising and lowering of the flag, when the colors are presented, and during the National Anthem. A musical setting for "The Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag" was created by Irving Caesar, at the suggestion of Congressman Louis C.
Pledge of Allegiance
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1777, establishing the first congressional standard for official United States ensigns. The shape and arrangement of the stars is not mentioned there were variations but the legal description gives the Ross flag legitimacy. "Resolved," That the flag of the thirteen United States be thirteen stripes, alternate red and white; that the union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new constellation. In a 1780 letter to the Continental Board of Admiralty dealing with the Great Seal, Hopkinson mentioned patriotic designs he created in the past few years including "the Flag of the United States of America." He
Betsy Ross flag
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Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands The Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands was used between 1815 and 1864. The flag consisted of a British blue ensign with the coat of arms of the predecessor state, the Septinsular Republic on it with a red border. The United States of the Ionian Islands were created as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1815 at the Congress of Vienna as an amical protectorate under the United Kingdom. In article 1 of section VI in the treaty, it stated that the new United States of
Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands
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the slogan to the D.C. flag, but no new flag design was approved. In 2007, the District of Columbia and United States Territories Quarters program was created based on the successful 50 State Quarters program. DC submitted designs containing the slogan, but they were rejected by the U.S. Mint. British Prime Minister John Major used a modified version of the quote, with the order reversed, in October 1995, when at the United Nations's 50th Anniversary celebrations he said, "It is not sustainable for states to enjoy representation without taxation," in order to criticize the billion-dollar arrears of the United States'
No taxation without representation
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Flag of the United States Army The flag of the United States Army displays a blue replica of the War Office Seal set on a white field. Beneath the seal is a broad scarlet scroll bearing the inscription in white letters, "United States Army". Beneath the scroll, in blue Hindu-Arabic numerals, is "1775", the year in which the Continental Army was created with the appointment of General George Washington as General of the Army. All of this is on a white background. The flag was officially adopted by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, on June 12, 1956, via . Prior
Flag of the United States Army
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too much crimson when hanging limp." The "National Geographic" magazine erroneously reported in October 1917 that the stars represent Tennessee's status as the third state to enter the United States after the original thirteen. Tennessee state law dictates on how the center emblem is drawn on the flag. In 1976, the United States Postal Service issued a sheet of stamps with one stamp for each state. The Tennessee flag was upside down as represented on its stamp. As the civil war was approaching in 1861, a flag was first proposed for the state. It was modeled after the First National
Flag of Tennessee
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first-day cover was issued that day. On June 28, 2015, in the aftermath of the events of June 17, 2015, when a mass shooting took place at Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in downtown Charleston, South Carolina, the five small flags that were arranged in a semi-circle around the large flagpole flying the 50-star United States flag at Fort Sumter were lowered so that the South Carolina flag could be flown at half mast. Those flown include (1) a 33-star United States flag, (2) a Confederate First National Flag (), (3) a South Carolina State Flag, (4) a Confederate Second
Fort Sumter
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rather than flag officers, and those in the Royal Air Force (as well as the rank of air commodore) are called air officers, although all are entitled to fly flags of rank. Captain was the highest rank in the United States Navy from its beginning in 1775 until 1857, when Congress created the temporary rank of Flag Officer, which gave way to Commodore and Rear Admiral in 1862. The rank of "flag officer" was bestowed on senior Navy captains who were assigned to lead a squadron of vessels in addition to command of their own ship. During the American Civil
Flag officer
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when the Kingdom of Great Britain was formed by the Acts of Union 1707 at the behest of Queen Anne. The flag of the East India Company is considered to have inspired the Grand Union Flag, the first flag of the United States, as the two flags were of the same design. This connection is attributed to numerous sources. Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania once gave a speech endorsing the adoption of the Company's flag by the United States as their national flag. He said to George Washington of Virginia, "While the field of your flag must be new in the
Flag of the East India Company
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and activist, to memorialize the murder of transgender woman Rita Hester in Massachusetts in 1998. The Transgender Day of Remembrance is held every year on November 20 and now memorializes all those murdered due to transphobic hate and prejudice. The most prominent version of the Transgender Pride flag was created in 1999 by the American trans woman Monica Helms. The flag was first shown at a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona in 2000. In 2012 Spokane Trans created their own version of the transgender pride flag. They describe it on their web site as follows: "The top two stripes represent
History of transgender people in the United States
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the first being the so-called "Burnet Flag". The "Lone Star Flag", the final national flag, became the state flag when Texas joined the United States as a U.S. state in 1845. The fifth and current flag is that of the United States of America, which Texas joined in 1845. Upon secession Texas abandoned this flag for its sixth, until readmission to the Union in 1865. The sixth flag belonged to the Confederate States of America from 1861 to 1865. During this time, the Confederacy had three national flags. Six flags over Texas "Six flags over Texas" is the slogan used
Six flags over Texas
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assignment to bring the ship safely to port. In April 1862, Farragut was the "flag officer" in command of the West Gulf Blockading Squadron. With his flagship, the , he ran past Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip and the Chalmette, Louisiana, batteries to take the city and port of New Orleans, Louisiana. This victory was an influential factor when in 1862, Congress created the rank of admiral and named Farragut and eight other naval officers (which also included his foster brother David Dixon Porter) as rear admirals. Thus, Farragut became the first Hispanic-American admiral in the United States Navy.
Hispanic Admirals in the United States Navy
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preferred as the national flag. Remnants of Hopkinson's U.S. flag of seven white stripes can be found in the Great Seal of the United States and the President's seal. When Hopkinson was chairman of the Navy Board, his position was like that of today's Secretary of the Navy. The payment was not made, however, because it was determined he had already received a salary as a member of Congress. This contradicts the legend of the Betsy Ross flag, which suggests that she sewed the first Stars and Stripes flag by request of the government in the Spring of 1776. Furthermore,
Flag of the United States
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ginseng" () in Chinese, and Citibank, which opened a branch in China in 1902, is known as "Flower Flag Bank" (). The U.S. flag took its first trip around the world in 1787–90 on board the "Columbia". William Driver, who coined the phrase "Old Glory", took the U.S. flag around the world in 1831–32. The flag attracted the notice of Japanese when an oversized version was carried to Yokohama by the steamer "Great Republic" as part of a round-the-world journey in 1871. In the following table depicting the 28 various designs of the United States flag, the star patterns for
Flag of the United States
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at the California Secretary of State's office requesting a circulating title and summary for an initiative to require the Flag of California to be displayed at equal height with the Flag of the United States. The title and summary was issued on May 29, 2015, summarizing the initiative as follows: "Requires display of the California State flag in the position of first honor when both the United States flag and the California State flag are displayed at schools, universities, colleges, courtrooms, government buildings, and state parks, and at events held in coliseums, stadiums, bowls, other open air sites, and race
Louis J. Marinelli
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also been used outside the Nordic countries in order to underline a cultural connection. Examples are Shetland and Orkney. Liberia was founded by freed African-American and ex-Caribbean slaves as settlers from the United States and the Caribbean. When Liberia gained independence in 1847, the flag of the new state was modelled on the national flag of the United States, although the symbolism of the elements were differently interpreted. The Red Cross on white background as a protection symbol was declared at the First Geneva Convention in 1864. The emblem was formed by reversing the colours of the Swiss flag out
Flag
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consensual same-sex acts between adults in the 1800s. This appointment was the first nomination or appointment of an openly LGBT person from the US. The International Bear Brotherhood Flag was created in 1995. There is debate over its creator, but Craig Byrnes claims to have created it. Bear is an affectionate gay slang term for those in the bear communities, a subculture in the gay male community with its own events, codes, and culture-specific identity. Civil unions and same-sex marriages first became legally recognized in the United States in this decade. In 2000, Vermont became the first state to recognize
History of gay men in the United States
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a "distinguishing mark" until the newly created National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) took over control of the Surveys ships in 1970. Since then, commissioned ships of NOAA, which also fly the same national ensign as U.S. Navy ships, have flown the flag of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration as a distinguishing mark. Similarly, all ships of the United States Lighthouse Service flew the U.S. Lighthouse Service flag until the service merged into the United States Coast Guard on 1 July 1939, and ships of the United States Bureau of Fisheries flew the Bureau of Fisheries flag until the
Maritime flag
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February 23, 1955, California Congressman Gordon L. McDonough presented to the U. S. House of Representatives a new United States flag design created by Klinker incorporating two additional stars for the proposed statehood of Alaska and Hawaii. This was entered into Congressional Record on March 7, 1955. The new proposed design spelled the words "Freedom" with 50 white stars on a blue field. The record reflects, "The design created by Miss Klinker symbolizes the spirit of freedom which has ever represented the guiding principle of our American way of life, and when we again rearrange the stars of the flag,
Orpha Klinker
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adoption of this design would truly represent within our flag this spirit of America." The proposed design change was not selected when the new 50-star U.S. flag was formally created. McDonough also cites in the Congressional Record one of Klinker's noted patriotic oil paintings. He states, "Among her famous works is her painting in which freedom of religion, freedom of the press, freedom from want, and freedom to petition the government of the United States are represented." The painting was exhibited publicly at the Wilshire Federal Savings & Loan art gallery in Los Angeles. Klinker's painting, titled "Symbols of Freedom"
Orpha Klinker
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There are several flags used and endorsed by the varying transgender individuals, organizations and communities. The most prominent of these flag designs is known as the "Transgender Pride Flag" which is a symbol of transgender pride and diversity, and transgender rights. The Transgender Pride Flag was created by American trans woman Monica Helms in 1999, and was first shown at a pride parade in Phoenix, Arizona, United States in 2000. The flag represents the transgender community and consists of five horizontal stripes: two light blue, two pink, and one white in the center. Helms describes the meaning of the transgender
Transgender flags
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Ash Grove helped define us as a combination of experimental rock and performance art. Everything we did on the album we had performed live, via the addition of two tape decks on stage. We traveled with a bunch of gear, including a calliope, a 3' x 4' neon American flag (which had alternately flashing red and white stripes), and a full-size plaster nun. We may have been the first to use fog machines: the low-lying fog and the flashing flag created a striking environment. We tended to use low stage lighting when we could, with only a pin spot for
The United States of America (band)
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head of the ship. These are usually flown while not underway and when the ship is dressed on special occasions. Jacks in the Royal Navy must be run up when the first line is ashore when coming alongside. On 16 January 1899, commissioned ships of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey were authorized to fly their own flag to distinguish them from ships of the United States Navy, with which they shared a common ensign. Although they continued to fly the same ensign as U.S. Navy ships, ships of the Survey flew the Coast and Geodetic Survey flag as
Maritime flag
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Cold Lake effectively doubles while the exercise is being conducted, with approximately 5,000 pilots and support crews participating. MAPLE FLAG can be considered a Canadian version of the United States Air Force's RED FLAG, which is held several times a year at Nellis Air Force Base (using the Nellis Air Force Range). RED FLAG was conceived during the Vietnam War when the USAF found that 90 percent of combat aircraft losses were during a pilot's first 10 missions; the first RED FLAG occurred in 1975. MAPLE FLAG copied the RED FLAG format in 1978 and until 1987, it was held
Maple Flag
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American flag as part of the design. This is because the Mormon settlers were thought not to be loyal to the United States, which was one of the reasons statehood was not granted to Utah until nearly 40 years after the original settlements. The flag's basic design uses the Seal of Utah which was adopted by the state legislature on April 3, 1896. The seal was designed by artist Harry Edwards, and has similarities with the seal of the Utah Territory. The state's first flag was created in March 1903 to be used at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St.
Flag of Utah
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more than 100,000 flag requests from members of Congress annually, with the number of requests and the popularity of the Capitol Flag Program growing steadily each year. United States Capitol Flag Program The United States Capitol Flag Program is a program operated by the Architect of the Capitol which provides American flags flown over the United States Capitol to members of Congress. The Capitol Flag Program began in 1937 when a member of Congress requested a flag that had flown over the Capitol. Over the years the focus of the program gradually expanded to encompass the commemoration of national holidays
United States Capitol Flag Program
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with gold fringe. When used concurrently with the flag of the United States during ceremonial occasions, the state flag is trimmed and mounted like the United States flag with regard to fringe, cord, tassels, and mounting. Prior to the adoption of the current state flag of West Virginia, the state had been represented by a number of flags since attaining statehood in 1863, all of which proved impractical. The first West Virginia Legislature commissioned Joseph H. Diss Debar of Doddridge County to design the Great Seal of West Virginia in 1863. On September 26, 1863, the West Virginia Legislature officially
Flag of West Virginia
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for his "drawings and devices." The first item on the list was "The Naval Flag of the United States." The price listed was 9 pounds. This flag with its red, outer stripes was designed to show up well on ships at sea. A parallel flag for the national flag was most likely intended by Hopkinson with white, outer stripes as on the Great Seal of the United States and on the Bennington flag, which commemorated 50th anniversary of the founding of the United States (1826). Ironically, the Navy flag was preferred as the national flag. The Treasury Board turned down
Francis Hopkinson
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Colton Liberty Flag The Colton Liberty Flag is an American flag which was flown continuously over Mount Slover in Colton, California, United States. The flag was first raised and illuminated by the California Portland Cement Company (later CalPortland) as part of an Independence Day celebration in Colton the night of July 4, 1917, as a sign of patriotism during the entrance of the United States into World War I. At the time it was one of only three locations in the United States permitted to fly the flag at night. The flag was removed in 1952. It was replaced in
Colton Liberty Flag
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a U.S. Navy ship while the Vice President is aboard, and the Navy also prescribes several other flag sizes to use in various situations when the Vice President is present. Similarly, the Army prescribes use of the color (with fringe) or flag (without fringe) in different situations when the Vice President is present. The first official flag for the Vice President came in 1936, long after flags were designed for most other high government officials, though on two earlier occasions (1915 and 1919) a specially-designed, unofficial flag was used for the Vice President when he was representing the President at
Flag of the Vice President of the United States
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United States Flag Code The United States Flag Code establishes advisory rules for display and care of the national flag of the United States of America. It is Chapter 1 of Title 4 of the United States Code ( "et seq"). This is a U.S. federal law, but the penalty described in Title 18 of the United States Code () for failure to comply with it is not enforced. In 1990, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in "United States v. Eichman" that the prohibition of burning the U.S. flag conflicts with the First Amendment right to freedom of speech and
United States Flag Code
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Senior Executive Service (United States) The Senior Executive Service (SES) is a position classification in the civil service of the United States federal government, equivalent to general officer or flag officer ranks in the U.S. Armed Forces. It was created in 1979 when the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 went into effect under President Jimmy Carter. According to the Office of Personnel Management, the SES was designed to be a corps of executives selected for their leadership qualifications, serving in key positions just below the top Presidential appointees as a link between them and the rest of the Federal
Senior Executive Service (United States)
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1820. Yale's website states that in 1861, Yale "awarded the first Ph.D. in the United States". First university in the United States First university in the United States is a status asserted by more than one U.S. university. Historically, when the Philippines was still a United States territory, the University of Santo Tomas (established in 1611) was considered as the oldest university under the American flag. Presently in the United States, there is no official definition of what entitles an institution to be considered a university versus a college, and the common understanding of "university" has evolved over time. The
First university in the United States
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of some type is referred to as a standard. When the national flag is flown from a ship, it is referred to as the national ensign. Flag of the United States Marine Corps The flag of the United States Marine Corps (also known as the standard or battle color) is the flag used to represent the U.S. Marine Corps, as well as its subsidiary units and formations. The official flag is scarlet with the Corps emblem in gray and gold. It was adopted on 18 January 1939, although Marine Corps Order 4 had established scarlet and gold as the official
Flag of the United States Marine Corps
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come back into use since the first Gulf War / Operation Desert Storm. In modern usage, an organization may fly a service flag if one of its members is serving active duty. Manufacture of these flags is only allowed by specific government license in the territories under U.S. jurisdiction. The same section of the United States Code that limits manufacture of the banner also mentions lapel pins. There is no legal specification of the banner's size, but according to the DoD code, the flag size ratio must be 10:19, the same as the Flag of the United States. When displayed
Service flag
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Liberia, and the remainder returned to Stettinius' corporation. The Liberian registry was created at a time when the Panama's registry was becoming less attractive for several reasons including its unpopularity with the U.S. labor movement and European shipping concerns, political unrest in Panama, and increases in its fees and regulations. On 11 March 1949, Greek shipping magnate Stavros Niarchos registered the first ship under the Liberian flag of convenience, the "World Peace". When Stettinius died in 1950, ownership of the registry passed to the International Bank of Washington, led by General George Olmsted. Within 18 years, Liberia grew to surpass
History of the United States Merchant Marine
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(APPS). Under the provisions of the Convention, the United States can take direct enforcement action under U.S. laws against foreign-flagged ships when pollution discharge incidents occur within U.S. jurisdiction. When incidents occur outside U.S. jurisdiction or jurisdiction cannot be determined, the United States refers cases to flag states, in accordance with MARPOL. These procedures require substantial coordination between the Coast Guard, the State Department, and other flag states, and the response rate from flag states has been poor. Different regulations apply to vessels, depending on the individual state. In the United States, several federal agencies have some jurisdiction over ships
Regulation of ship pollution in the United States
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was the Grand Union Flag, 13 alternating red and white stripes with the British Flag in the union. The Stars and Stripes received its first salute when John Paul Jones saluted France with 13 guns at Quiberon Bay in 1778 (the Stars and Stripes was not adopted as the national flag until 14 June 1777). The practice of firing one gun for each state in the union was not officially authorized until 1810, when the United States Department of War declared the number of rounds fired in the "National Salute" to be equivalent to the number of states—which, at the
21-gun salute
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with bands of red and white, taken from the Great Seal of the United States and representing Congress. The key is taken from the emblem of Saint Peter and represents security. When the NSA was created, the agency had no emblem and used that of the Department of Defense. The agency adopted its first of two emblems in 1963. The current NSA insignia has been in use since 1965, when then-Director, LTG Marshall S. Carter (USA) ordered the creation of a device to represent the agency. The NSA's flag consists of the agency's seal on a light blue background. Crews
National Security Agency
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United States Air Force flag officer was nominated to succeed him. However, an uproar was created in the Senate as it was customary for a Navy flag officer to serve as Commander of PACOM and no other branches, thus the Air Force general was not confirmed by the Senate. Because of the lack of an immediate successor, President Bush extended the mandatory retirement date for Fargo. Admiral Fargo retired from military service in 2005 when the Senate confirmed Admiral William J. Fallon to succeed him as Commander of USPACOM. Admiral Fargo is a 1989 recipient of the Vice Admiral James
Thomas B. Fargo
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usage of the Red Ensign as a national flag was when General Louis Botha flew the flag over Windhoek in what was then German South-West Africa after the town's occupation by South African troops in 1915. The use of the Red Ensign as a national flag ended with the introduction of a proper national flag in 1928. This was preceded by the South African Flag Controversy of 1925 to 1928. The flag of the city of Taunton in Bristol County, Massachusetts is based on the pre-1801 Red Ensign. The Grand Union Flag, the first national flag of the United States
Red Ensign
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flag flew over Alaska until October 18, 1867, when all Russian-American Company holdings in Alaska were sold to the United States. The Alaska Legislature adopted Benson's design as the official flag for the Territory of Alaska on May 2, 1927. The first flag made based on Benny's design was made of blue silk and appliquéd gold stars. It was inaugurally flown July 9, 1927. It was retained as the state flag upon statehood in 1959. The flag's symbolism is described in the state song, "Alaska's Flag". Flag of Alaska The flag of Alaska consists of eight gold stars, forming the
Flag of Alaska
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United States Capitol Flag Program The United States Capitol Flag Program is a program operated by the Architect of the Capitol which provides American flags flown over the United States Capitol to members of Congress. The Capitol Flag Program began in 1937 when a member of Congress requested a flag that had flown over the Capitol. Over the years the focus of the program gradually expanded to encompass the commemoration of national holidays and various special events, as well as to honor the work of groups such as schools and civic organizations. Requests for Capitol flags rapidly outgrew the supply;
United States Capitol Flag Program
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United States v. Eichman United States v. Eichman, 496 U.S. 310 (1990), is a United States Supreme Court case that invalidated a federal law against flag desecration as violating of free speech under the First Amendment. It was argued together with the case "United States v. Haggerty". It built on the opinion handed down in the Court's decision the prior year in "Texas v. Johnson" (1989), which invalidated on First Amendment grounds a Texas state statute banning flag burning. In response to "Texas v. Johnson", the 101st Congress passed the Flag Protection Act of 1989, which attempted to circumvent the
United States v. Eichman
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position, that their flag is older than Puerto Rico's. The shipping company's flag is still in use, . Some of the flags which have at one time or another flown over Puerto Rican soil prior to Puerto Rico becoming a United States Territory: Flag of Puerto Rico The flag of Puerto Rico represents and symbolizes the island of Puerto Rico and its people. The origins of the current flag of Puerto Rico, adopted by the commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952, can be traced to 1868, when the first Puerto Rican flag, "The Revolutionary Flag of Lares", was conceived by
Flag of Puerto Rico
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Bonnie Blue Flag The Bonnie Blue Flag was an unofficial banner of the Confederate States of America at the start of the American Civil War in 1861. It now often serves as a representative banner of the southeastern United States in general. It consists of a single, five-pointed white star on a blue field. It closely resembles the flags of the short-lived Republic of West Florida of 1810, Congo under Belgian rule, and Somalia. The first recorded use of this flag (typically with a white star) was in 1810 when it was used to represent the Republic of West Florida,
Bonnie Blue Flag
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Flag of the Vice President of the United States The Flag of the Vice President of the United States consists of the vice presidential coat of arms on a white background, with four dark blue stars in the corners. A version of the flag is kept in the Vice President's office, is sometimes displayed by the Vice President in official photos, and is flown on the Vice President's motorcade. The first official flag for the Vice President was specified in 1936, although a special design was used at least twice during the 1910s. The flag has shared the same design
Flag of the Vice President of the United States
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displayed at city hall and at other municipal buildings and in public places. It is also displayed on specific national holidays or occasions when the flag is generally displayed. It is stipulated that the municipal flag should never take precedence over the United States flag. The flag was designed in a contest conceived by Springfield resident and famed poet Vachel Lindsay. The contest was sponsored by the Springfield Art Association and its winner was S.T. Wallace. The Springfield city council adopted the flag design on October 22, 1917 and it was first displayed on November 8, 1917. Today the flag
Flag of Springfield, Illinois
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flag of Nevada was created by Governor John Sparks and Col. Harry Day in 1905. It was based strongly on Nevada's natural resources of gold and silver. The blue of the flag was based directly on the color of the flag of the United States. The current flag had its origin in a design contest announced in 1926. The winning design, by Louis Shellback III, was subjected to some revision in the state legislature, where there was disagreement between the two houses over the placement of the word "Nevada" on the flag. A compromise was reached, and in 1929 Governor
Flag of Nevada
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he did not list his U.S. flag design. Instead, he asked to be paid for designing the "great Naval Flag of the United States" in the first bill; the "Naval Flag of the United States" in the second bill; and "the Naval Flag of the States" in the third, along with the other items. The flag references were generic terms for the naval ensign that Hopkinson had designed, that is, a flag of seven red stripes and six white ones. The predominance of red stripes made the naval flag more visible against the sky on a ship at sea. By
Flag of the United States
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to 13 so as to honor the original colonies. The act specified that new flag designs should become official on the first July 4 (Independence Day) following admission of one or more new states. The most recent change, from 49 stars to 50, occurred in 1960 when the present design was chosen, after Hawaii gained statehood in August 1959. Before that, the admission of Alaska in January 1959 prompted the debut of a short-lived 49-star flag. Prior to the adoption of the 48-star flag in 1912, there was no official arrangement of the stars in the canton, although the U.S.
Flag of the United States
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New Mexico has the best-designed flag of any U.S. state, U.S. territory, or Canadian province, while Georgia's state flag was rated the worst design. (Georgia adopted a new flag in 2003; Nebraska's state flag, whose design was rated second worst, remains in use to date.) Dates in parentheses denote when the current flag was adopted by the state's legislature. The U.S. national flag is the official flag for all islands, atolls, and reefs composing the United States Minor Outlying Islands. However, unofficial flags are in use on five of these nine insular areas: While the countries mentioned are recognized independent
History of the flags of the United States
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Ensign of the United States The ensign of the United States refers to the flag of the United States when worn as an ensign (a type of maritime flag identifying nationality, usually flown from the stern of a ship or boat, or from an installation or facility of the United States Navy, United States Marine Corps, United States Coast Guard or the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration ashore). International maritime law—see International Treaty on Law of the Sea, articles 91 and 92—provides that vessels have a "national character" and thus should display a flag (ensign) that corresponds to this national
Ensign of the United States
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First university in the United States First university in the United States is a status asserted by more than one U.S. university. Historically, when the Philippines was still a United States territory, the University of Santo Tomas (established in 1611) was considered as the oldest university under the American flag. Presently in the United States, there is no official definition of what entitles an institution to be considered a university versus a college, and the common understanding of "university" has evolved over time. The 1911 "Encyclopædia Britannica" tells the story of the gradual emergence of U.S. "universities" thus: The issue
First university in the United States
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a circular yellow rope edging, all 2 feet 6 inches in diameter above a yellow scroll inscribed "UNITED STATES NAVY" in dark blue letters. The following streamers are authorized, in order of precedence: Jacks are additional national flags flown by warships (and certain other ships) on a jackstaff at the bow of the ship. These are usually flown only when not underway and when the ship is dressed on special occasions. Flag of the United States Navy The flag of the United States Navy consists of the seal of the U.S. Department of the Navy in the center, above a
Flag of the United States Navy
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it. Another Ryukyuan flag appeared in a historical novel titled "Ryūkyū shigeki: Tomoebata no akebono" (1946). The book was written by Chōchin Yara (1895–1957) and was mimeographed in Nara, to which he had fled World War II. He claimed that the flag had been the national flag of the Ryukyu Kingdom; he produced a physical flag that he claimed he hid from the Japanese before the war. Yara’s flag was similar to one created by the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands (USCAR) in 1954. The American government used the flag unofficially and informally for a brief period
Flag of Ryukyu
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and Bradley met Truman at the White House and each showed him their positions in the flag-raising picture. A press conference was also held that day and Gangon, Hayes, and Bradley were questioned about the flag-raising. On May 9, 1945, Bradley did an oral interview for the Navy by a captain about the famous flag-raising on Mount Suribachi, and incorrectly said he was in the second flag-raising picture, and when questioned about the first flag-raising, he said Platoon Sgt. Ernest Thomas raised that flag. In 1985, he did another interview about the flag-raising (second raising) at the urging of his
John Bradley (United States Navy)
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blamed for doing too little or too much - I prefer the latter." Early July 7, the United States Navy, captured Monterey, California, and raised the flag of the United States. Sloat had his proclamation read and posted in English and Spanish: "...henceforth California will be a portion of the United States." The Bear Flag Revolt and whatever remained of the "California Republic" ceased to exist on July 9 when U.S. Navy Lieutenant Joseph Revere raised the United States flag in front of the Sonoma Barracks and sent a second flag to be raised at Sutter's Fort. Until May 26,
Sonoma, California
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I will strike]". Considered one of the first flags of the United States, the flag was later replaced by the current Stars and Stripes (or Old Glory) flag. Since the Revolution, the flag has seen resurgences as a symbol of American patriotism, disagreement with government, or support for civil liberties. The First Navy Jack, which was not directly related to the Gadsden flag, has been in use by the United States Navy since its beginnings. Unlike the Liberty Tree Flag with the letter by Colonel Joseph Reed that describes it, there is no document that describes the Snake on Stripes
Gadsden flag
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quilts, including "When Hope Unborn Had Died", narrate the impact of slavery in the United States. Through her textile art, Magee has also responded to contemporary events. In response to the state of Mississippi voting to keep the Confederate battle cross in their state flag, she created "Southern Heritage/Southern Shame" in 2001, with layered images of the Confederate flag, bodies hanging from nooses, and the hood of a Ku Klux Klan robe. Her quilt, "Requiem", depicts the loss of African-American culture when Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans. Magee's work is in the permanent collections of the Mississippi Museum of Art,
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Pennsylvania Flag may have been one of the first American flags to feature stars and stripes, although it was a militia company's flag, not a flag of Washington's army. The Flag Resolution of 1777 defined the official flag of the United States as having 13 stripes and 13 stars, although the specific pattern of the stars was not specified. Many variations existed. The flag shown in the canton of the Brandywine Flag uses a 4-5-4 star pattern, and was probably patterned after a Hopkinson-style United States flag. The Brandywine Flag is currently displayed in Philadelphia's Independence National Historical Park, and
Brandywine flag
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the "Black Trans Flag" was created by trans activist and writer Raquel Willis. It has a black strip in the middle instead of the original white stripe. Willis created it as a symbol to represent the higher levels of discrimination, violence and murder that the black trans community face in contrast to the larger transgender movement. It was first posted to her Facebook account. And it was first used on 25 August 2015 by black transgender activists throughout the United States as part of the first Black Trans Liberation Tuesday, Black Trans Liberation Tuesday was held in conjunction with Black
Transgender flags
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the biggest issues Iran is criticized for is censorship. Aided by Western technology from Nokia and Siemens, the Iranian government has created one of the most sophisticated censorship platforms created in modern times. The flags of nations are considered propaganda. Not only is the flag itself a representation of propaganda, but the flags of other nations, such as the United States and Israel, are used in Iranian Propaganda. Burning of the U.S. flag and Israeli Flag seem to occur at rallies against each. Flag burning is a propaganda tool, such as burning Effigies of world leaders. On October 8, 2006,
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flag is slightly larger than that of a presidential flag of the same size. The Vice President's flag has not been changed since. Flag of the Vice President of the United States The Flag of the Vice President of the United States consists of the vice presidential coat of arms on a white background, with four dark blue stars in the corners. A version of the flag is kept in the Vice President's office, is sometimes displayed by the Vice President in official photos, and is flown on the Vice President's motorcade. The first official flag for the Vice President
Flag of the Vice President of the United States
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the ninth best city flag in the United States in a national survey conducted in 2003 and released in 2004. It was replaced by the current design when the city merged with Jefferson County. Flag of Louisville, Kentucky The municipal flag of Louisville is the official design used on flags to represent Louisville, Kentucky. The original design paid homage to Louis XVI of France and the thirteen states present when the city was founded. A new design was adopted in 2003 when the city merged with Jefferson County, Kentucky. The municipal flag of Louisville consists of a golden fleur-de-lis with
Flag of Louisville, Kentucky
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became "Rangkaian Nasional" on 1 January 1971 and became the nation's first 24-hour radio station. "Wisma Radio" was added in May 1972. RTM began colour TV transmissions for the States of Malaya in December 1978, in conjunction with the state broadcaster's fifteenth anniversary. The first colour programme broadcast was "Puspawarna". Colour TV programmes were extended to Sabah and Sarawak in 1980. "Angkasapuri" created history when a giant national flag measuring 85.3 meters long and 24.3-meters wide, using 60 rolls of fabric was unfurled by 500 employees of the Ministry of Information. The giant flag was raised for 10 minutes starting
Angkasapuri
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Market Streets horizontally (the streets that radiate from Monument Circle), along with the city's unofficial motto, the Crossroads of America. The four quadrants of dark blue symbolize the residential areas of the city. The colors of the flag are the same as the flag of the United States. The flag replaced the existing city flag that had been created in 1915. By 1962 city leaders thought that a more modern flag was needed, so the Indianapolis Chamber of Commerce sponsored a contest to create a new one, with a prize of $50 for the winning entry. The instructor in one
Flag of Indianapolis
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national flag when used as an ensign: Many countries do not distinguish among these uses, and employ only one national flag and ensign in all cases; in the United States, for example, all ships of the seagoing services of the United States Government with the exception of the United States Coast Guard fly the national flag as their ensign, although the ships of some agencies also fly an agency flag as a "distinguishing mark." Other countries (like the United Kingdom, Ukraine, Italy, Russia, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan) use different ensigns. Such ensigns are strictly regulated and indicate
Ensign
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American flag. The flag is slightly different from other designs of the time. The blue field extends over the entire height of the hoist. Shaw created two versions of the flag: one which started with a red stripe and another that started with a white one. In 1787, a convention, to which delegates from all the states of the Union were invited, was called to meet in Annapolis to consider measures for the better regulation of commerce; but delegates came from only five states (New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, New Jersey, and Delaware), and the convention, known afterward as the "Annapolis
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is often used in place of the national flag by U.S. pleasure craft when operating within U.S. waters; this flag was legally required for licensed yachts from 1848-1980, and the practice continues among all U.S. pleasure craft in U.S. waters by longstanding historical use and custom. Additionally, a few smaller pleasure craft operated by members of the United States Power Squadrons will fly the U.S. Power Squadrons flag as an ensign in inland waters in lieu of the national flag (see below). All vessels of U.S. national character should display the national ensign when operating in international and non-U.S. waters.
Ensign of the United States
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Pros Vs Heroes Pros Vs. Heroes is a corporation created by former NFL Player Darian Barnes. Pros Vs. Heroes is a fundraising platform created to raise money and awareness for charities. The game has former NFL, current NFL, AFL, Legends Football League and other professional athletes travel around the country to play in flag football games against police officers, fire fighters, armed forces and EMT personnel. The corporation was created in 2014 and is now expanding to different areas around the United States. Barnes created this organization to raise money and give back to communities. Since its first game in
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of men." He was moved when he saw the first picture of the Earth printed in "Life" magazine. Later that picture became the symbol on the Earth Day flag which he designed and created. The Earth Day Flag was featured in the "Whole Earth Catalogue" and has been used ever since, all around the world, to show support of efforts to help people and planet. The Earth Day Flag is a symbol of Earth Day and is still part of the Earth Day Ceremony each year on the spring equinox at the United Nations. In October 1969, at the National
John McConnell (peace activist)
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first Continental Colors (or Grand Union Flag), but there is no evidence to prove she also made the Stars and Stripes. Other flag makers of that period include Rebecca Young, Anne King, Cornelia Bridges, and flag painter William Barrett. Hugh Stewart sold a "flag of the United Colonies" to the Committee of Safety, and William Alliborne was one of the first to manufacture United States ensigns. Any flag maker in Philadelphia could have sewn the first American flag. According to Canby, there were other variations of the flag being made at the same time Ross was sewing the design that
Betsy Ross flag
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on March 9, 1804, when a French tricolor was raised near the river, replacing the Spanish national flag. The following day, Captain Amos Stoddard of the First U.S. Artillery marched his troops into town and had the American flag run up the fort's flagpole. The Louisiana territory was officially transferred to the United States government, represented by Meriwether Lewis. The Louisiana Territory, purchased for less than 3 cents an acre, doubled the size of the United States overnight, without a war or the loss of a single American life, and set a precedent for the purchase of territory. It opened
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this flag until 1777, when it would form the basis for the subsequent "de jure" designs. The name "Grand Union" was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the U.S. flag. The flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been easily constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign, one of the three maritime flags used throughout the British Empire at the time. However, an East India Company
Flag of the United States
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However, it was never an official flag of the United Nations as an organization (which was founded in 1945, and adopted a different Flag of the United Nations in 1946). Brooks B. Harding (1896-1959), an American, made the acquaintance of United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in December 1941 by presenting each with a Victory V symbol embossed in leather with the slogan Absolute Victory by delivery at the White House at a time when Churchill was in the United States for the Arcadia Conference to sign the Declaration by United Nations. Churchill's recognition
United Nations Honour Flag
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white background. Any Lighthouse Service ship upon which the Superintendent of Lighthouses was embarked also flew the Superintendent of Lighthouses flag, a rectangular flag with a blue border featuring the same blue lighthouse on a white background. Rank insignia of officers were as follows in 1918: United States Lighthouse Service The United States Lighthouse Service, also known as the Bureau of Lighthouses, was the agency of the United States Government and the general lighthouse authority for the United States from the time of its creation in 1910 as the successor of the United States Lighthouse Board until 1939 when it
United States Lighthouse Service
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state flag was reversed, so that it faced the hoist. The Sultanate was restored in 1954, but the flag was not changed back. Instead, Muhammad Fareed Didi created a new flag specifically for the Sultan, with a five-pointed star next to the crescent. A version of this flag is still used today as the Presidential Standard. When the Maldives gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1965, the black and white hoist was removed, giving the flag its modern form. Flag of the Maldives The flag of the Republic of Maldives is green with a red border. The centre bears
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United States flag as second in order of precedence. National League of Families POW/MIA Flag The National League of Families POW/MIA flag, also known as the POW/MIA flag or simply the POW flag, consists of a silhouette of a prisoner of war (POW) before a guard tower and barbed wire in white on a black field. "POW/MIA" appears above the silhouette and the words "You Are Not Forgotten" appear below in white on the black field. The POW/MIA flag was created for the National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia and officially recognized by the
National League of Families POW/MIA Flag
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first briefly hoist it top of the staff, then lower it to the half-staff position, halfway between the top and bottom of the staff. Similarly, when the flag is to be lowered from half-staff, it should be first briefly hoisted to the top of the staff. Federal statutes provide that the flag should be flown at half-staff on the following dates: National Korean War Veterans Armistice Day, on July 27, was formerly a day of half-staff observance until the law expired in 2003. In 2009, it became a day of full-staff observance. Though not part of the official Flag Code,
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This proposed amendment was intended to give Congress the right to enact statutes criminalizing the burning or other desecration of the United States flag in a public protest. Proponents of legislation to proscribe flag burning argue that burning the flag is a very offensive gesture that deserves to be outlawed. Opponents maintain that giving Congress such power would essentially limit the principle of freedom of speech, enshrined in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution and symbolized by the flag itself. The theories underlying these First Amendment principles include: a robust national discourse about political and social ideas; individual
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the 19th century and its association with the flag was made quasi-official by the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in 1926. Between 1903 and the 1940s it was promoted as "the flag of French Canadian Catholics". It was the model for the Flag of Quebec and inspired Quebec politician René Chaloult, one of the designers of the Quebec flag. This flag has since been largely forgotten except as a family heirloom. Although similar societies also existed in other parts of British North America or the United States, the societies of Lower Canada were created in a different context. The Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society
Saint-Jean-Baptiste Society
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August 3, 1777, it was the first time that the Flag of the United States was flown in battle. It is more likely that the flag flown at Fort Schuyler was one that consisted only of thirteen stripes, an early version of the Flag of New York, or the Grand Union Flag. The Battle of Oriskany was fought a few miles away when an American relief column, led by General Nicholas Herkimer, was ambushed by Tories and their Indian allies. While many of the besiegers were attending to that battle, the defenders of the fort sallied forth and attacked the
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to an American Flag and shout, "If they did that to Meredith, We don't need an American Flag." A bench trial was held, he was convicted, and his conviction was upheld on appeal both by the intermediate appellate court and by the New York Court of Appeals. The United States Supreme Court considered the following questions: Before reaching the constitutional questions, the Supreme Court first considered whether it had jurisdiction or not. According to precedent, when hearing an appeal on "certiorari" from the highest court of a state, the United States Supreme Court will only pass judgment on the constitutionality
Street v. New York
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states that the "Navy allows American ships to lower their flags if returning a salute, but not to be the first one to dip their colors." Dipping first is a sign of disrespect as stated in the Flag Code: "No disrespect should be shown to the flag of the United States of America; the flag should not be dipped to any person or thing." In January 2010 news reports revealed that Trijicon, a Wixom, Michigan-based contractor used by the United States military, had been inscribing "secret codes" for New Testament Bible verses on rifle scopes used by United States Army
Religious symbolism in the United States military
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in the United States, and it appeared as the first song in the first edition of the "Little Red Songbook" of the Industrial Workers of the World in 1909. Only five of the six stanzas were printed, omitting the fourth stanza that begins, "It well recalls the triumphs past." "The Red Flag" has been the British Labour Party's official anthem from its founding; its annual party conference closes with the song. "The Red Flag" was first sung in the House of Commons on 1 August 1945, when Parliament convened after Clement Attlee's Labour defeat of Winston Churchill's Conservatives. Dockers (longshoremen)
The Red Flag
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the "Intentona de Yauco" (Attempted Coup of Yauco). The revolt, which was the second and last major attempt against the Spaniards in the island, was the first time that the flag of Puerto Rico was used on Puerto Rican soil. From December 10, 1898 (the date of the annexation of Puerto Rico by the United States) up until 1952, it was considered a felony to display the Puerto Rican flag in public; the only flag permitted to be flown on the island was the flag of the United States. However, the Puerto Rican flag was often used in the political
Flag of Puerto Rico
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This attempt by Paterson's leaders to portray the strikers as un-American backfired when the strikers marched through the city with American flags of their own, along with a banner that stated: For Flag Day 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt launched an international "United Flag Day" or "United Nations Day", celebrating solidarity among the World War II Allies, six months after the Declaration by United Nations. It was observed in New York City as the "New York at War" parade, and throughout the United States and internationally from 1942-1944. The week of June 14 (–; –; –) is designated as "National
Flag Day (United States)
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Robbinsdale, Minnesota Robbinsdale is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 13,953 at the 2010 census. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and is water. Minnesota State Highway 100 and County Road 81 are two of the main routes in the city. Shortly after the Minnesota Territorial Legislative Assembly created Hennepin County in 1852, John C. Bohanon filed the first claim in the Township of Crystal Lake. Railroads didn't reach the area until 1880. A flag station was established near the farm of
Robbinsdale, Minnesota
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protection of the United Kingdom. In 1864, pursuant to the Treaty of London the United Kingdom ceded the United States of the Ionian Islands to the Kingdom of Greece as a gesture of goodwill following Prince Alfred declining to accept the Greek throne despite Greek popular request. Upon the annexation of the Ionian Islands, the flag of the United States ceased to have official status and was replaced by the flag of Greece. Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands The Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands was used between 1815 and 1864. The flag
Flag of the United States of the Ionian Islands
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1845 (the depicted presidential flag also has 26 stars). As the President is Commander-in-Chief of the Army and Navy, each service developed its own tradition of honoring the President, which eventually led each to design their own presidential flag. This did not happen until the late 19th century however, and the Navy at first used existing flags for their ceremonies. The first record in regulations to prescribe a flag for the President was the 1858 "Signals for the Use of the United States Navy", which specified that the union jack (the canton of the national flag by itself, i.e. blue
Flag of the President of the United States
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National League of Families POW/MIA Flag The National League of Families POW/MIA flag, also known as the POW/MIA flag or simply the POW flag, consists of a silhouette of a prisoner of war (POW) before a guard tower and barbed wire in white on a black field. "POW/MIA" appears above the silhouette and the words "You Are Not Forgotten" appear below in white on the black field. The POW/MIA flag was created for the National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia and officially recognized by the United States Congress in conjunction with the Vietnam War
National League of Families POW/MIA Flag
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President Wilson acting through Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels discontinued the practice in 1916 with , after which all ensigns were supposed to have the full complement of stars. However, some of the flags remained in the supply system until the 1950s. The United States Coast Guard flies a unique ensign to show that it has the authority to stop, board, examine, and seize vessels. The U.S. Customs Service flies a very similar flag, but it lacks the badge in the fly. These flags have their origins in a flag that was created in 1799 that was, at that
Ensign of the United States
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to President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Although some of them were 49-star versions, the vast majority were 50-star proposals. At least three of these designs were identical to the present design of the 50-star flag. At the time, credit was given by the executive department to the United States Army Institute of Heraldry for the design. Of these proposals, one created by 17-year-old Robert G. Heft in 1958 as a school project received the most publicity. His mother was a seamstress, but refused to do any of the work for him. He originally received a B– for the project. After discussing
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captain Martin Sheridan is famously quoted as saying "this flag dips to no earthly king", though the true provenance of this quotation is unclear. The flag should never be allowed to touch the ground and, if flown at night, must be illuminated. If the edges become tattered through wear, the flag should be repaired or replaced. When a flag is so tattered that it can no longer serve as a symbol of the United States, it should be destroyed in a dignified manner, preferably by burning. The American Legion and other organizations regularly conduct flag retirement ceremonies, often on Flag
Flag of the United States
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These are the current flags of Washington, D.C. and territories of the United States. Dates in parenthesis denote when the district or territory's current flag was adopted by its respective political body. The U.S. national flag is the official flag for all islands, atolls, and reefs composing the United States Minor Outlying Islands. However, unofficial flags are in use on five of these nine insular areas: Baker Island, Howland Island and Jarvis Island do not have flags. Maine and Massachusetts have ensigns for use at sea. Flags of the U.S. states and territories The flags of the U.S. states, territories,
Flags of the U.S. states and territories
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Director of Operations, Planning and Development for Military Commissions The Director of Operations, Planning and Development for Military Commissions serves as the point of contact between the Office of Military Commissions and other United States military and civilian agencies. The position was created on 19 September 2008. The position was to be filled by a flag officer, who was to report directly to the Department of Defense's General Counsel, who was at the time William J. Haynes. Haynes has subsequently resigned, and the first Director reported to United States Deputy Secretary of Defense Gordon R. England and acting General Counsel
Director of Operations, Planning and Development for Military Commissions