who has more power in italy the president or the prime minister
the Prime Minister
192933
Politics of Italy The politics of Italy are conducted through a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Italy has been a democratic republic since 2 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum and a constituent assembly was elected to draft a constitution, which was promulgated on 1 January 1948. Executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, which is led by the Prime Minister, officially referred to as "President of the Council" ("Presidente del Consiglio"). Legislative power is vested primarily in the two houses of Parliament and secondarily in the Council of Ministers, which can introduce
Politics of Italy
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a Chamber of Deputies. The president of Italy is elected to a seven-year term by both houses of Parliament and a small number of regional representatives. The president must be at least 50 years old. He or she appoints the prime minister, who forms a government. The president has the power to dissolve Parliament and call new elections. The president is the commander of the Italian armed forces, and can declare war. The current President of the Italian Republic is Sergio Mattarella. Italy has no vice president. If the president of Italy becomes ill, the president of the Italian Senate
Culture of Italy
192938
Government of Italy as composed of the president of the council (prime minister) and ministers. The President of Italy appoints the prime minister and, on his proposal, the ministers that form its cabinet. The Constitution states that justice is administered in the name of the people and that judges are subject only to the law. So the judiciary is a branch that is completely autonomous and independent of all other branches of power, even though the Minister of Justice is responsible for the organization and functioning of those services involved with justice and has the power to originate disciplinary actions
Politics of Italy
190097
office. To remain the Prime Minister has to pass also eventual further votes of confindence or no confidence in Parliament. The prime minister is the President of the Council of Ministers—which holds effective executive power— and he must receive a vote of approval from it to execute most political activities. The office is similar to those in most other parliamentary systems, but the leader of the Italian government is not authorised to request the dissolution of the Parliament of Italy. Another difference with similar offices is that the overall political responsibility for intelligence is vested in the President of the
Italy
335669
quite powerful. Although it is the Prime Minister of France, the Government as well as the Parliament that oversee much of the nation's actual day-to-day affairs, especially in domestic issues, the French President wields significant influence and authority, especially in the fields of national security and foreign policy. The President's greatest power is his/her ability to choose the Prime Minister. However, since the French National Assembly has the sole power to dismiss the Prime Minister's government, the President is forced to name a Prime Minister who can command the support of a majority in the assembly. He or she has
President of France
19383626
border and there is an Exclusive economic zone between them. Italy has financed different projects in many fields, such as political, judicial, energy and tourism. On 24 November 2008, the than Prime Minister of Italy, Silvio Berlusconi, carried a state visit in Tirana, where he met with his counterpart PM Sali Berisha. During this visit an agreement was signed on the construction of two coal-fired power plants, financed by Italy which would help boost Albania's economy. Former President of Italy, Giorgio Napolitano visited Tirana on 4 March 2014, where he met with the President, the Prime Minister and the Speaker
Albania–Italy relations
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Hassan Muhammad Makki Hassan Muhammad Makki () (22 December 1933 – 9 June 2016) was the Prime Minister of the Yemen Arab Republic for four months in 1974. Makki was appointed by President Abdul Rahman al-Iryani. He was replaced shortly after the "coup d'état" that placed Ibrahim al-Hamdi in power as Chairman of the Military Command Council. Before and after his term as prime minister he served as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister for Foreign Affairs or Minister for Economical Affairs several times between 1963 and 1980. He also has been sent as ambassador to Italy (1968–70, 1977–79), Western Germany (1970–72),
Hassan Muhammad Makki
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centered over through what constitutional mechanism and by whom the Cabinet was ultimately to be formed. The relevant Articles 90, 100 and 69 of the national constitution address these issues, specifying that the President has the power to appoint the Prime Minister; the Prime Minister, in turn, has the discretionary power to appoint members of the Council of Ministers, who then must be endorsed by the House of the People of the Federal Parliament; and the House of the People of the Federal Parliament likewise has the power to endorse or remove the Prime Minister through a vote of confidence.
Abdi Farah Shirdon
1947854
Prime Minister of Italy The President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (Italian: "Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana"), commonly referred to in Italy as Presidente del Consiglio, or informally as Premier and known in English as the Prime Minister of Italy, is the head of government of the Italian Republic. The office of Prime Minister is established by Articles 92 through to 96 of the Constitution of Italy. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic after each general election and must have the confidence of the Italian Parliament to stay
Prime Minister of Italy
1947873
head of a populist coalition formed by Five Star Movement and the League. Prime Minister of Italy The President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (Italian: "Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana"), commonly referred to in Italy as Presidente del Consiglio, or informally as Premier and known in English as the Prime Minister of Italy, is the head of government of the Italian Republic. The office of Prime Minister is established by Articles 92 through to 96 of the Constitution of Italy. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic after each
Prime Minister of Italy
4296409
Deputy Prime Minister of Spain The Deputy Prime Minister of Spain, officially Vice President of the Government, () is the second in command to the Prime Minister of Spain, filling in for when the Prime Minister is absent or incapable of exercising power. The person for the post is usually handpicked by the Prime Minister from the members of the Cabinet. When there are more than one vice president, they are called "First Vice President", "Second Vice President", etc. The Headquarters of the Vice Presidency of the Government of Spain is the "Edificio Semillas," in La Moncloa Complex. The current
Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
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Deputy Prime Minister of Spain The Deputy Prime Minister of Spain, officially Vice President of the Government, () is the second in command to the Prime Minister of Spain, filling in for when the Prime Minister is absent or incapable of exercising power. The person for the post is usually handpicked by the Prime Minister from the members of the Cabinet. When there are more than one vice president, they are called "First Vice President", "Second Vice President", etc. The Headquarters of the Vice Presidency of the Government of Spain is the "Edificio Semillas," in La Moncloa Complex. The current
Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
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president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The prime minister is appointed by the President, from the party or political group that has the majority in the National Assembly. The prime minister has a secondary role in the executive branch, when he or she is from the same party as the president, as the head of the executive is constitutionally the President. However, when there is cohabitation (i.e., when the president is of one party while another party controls the National Assembly) the prime minister's importance is enhanced because the president has little power to be exercised by himself
Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
1947856
with Marshal Pietro Badoglio becoming Prime Minister in 1943. Alcide De Gasperi became the first Prime Minister of the Italian Republic in 1946. The Prime Minister is the President of the Council of Ministers which holds executive power and the position is similar to those in most other parliamentary systems. The formal Italian order of precedence lists the office as being ceremonially the fourth most important Italian state office. As the President of the Council of Ministers, the modern Prime Minister leads the Cabinet (the Council of Ministers). In addition, the Prime Minister often leads a major political party and
Prime Minister of Italy
11640209
president, vice-president, prime minister, two deputy prime ministers, and 42 other appointed ministers. The Prime Minister, while being appointed by the President without the need for prior consultation, has a distinct portfolio and coordinates the reform agenda and supervise ministries. The PM is also accountable to the President and is immune from civil or criminal prosecution. Like in most other parliamentary democracies, the prime minister's government is dependent upon the party majority or power-sharing coalition majority in parliament. It will fall from power if or when: In the drafting, the act suggests that the Permanent Secretary in the Prime Minister's
National Accord and Reconciliation Act 2008
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is required by the Constitution to have the confidence of the majority of the voting members of the Parliament. In addition to powers inherent in being a member of the Cabinet, the Prime Minister holds specific powers, most notably being able to nominate a list of Cabinet ministers to be appointed by the President of the Republic and the countersigning of all legislative instruments having the force of law that are signed by the President of the Republic. Article 95 of the Italian constitution provides that the Prime Minister "directs and coordinates the activity of the ministers". This power has
Prime Minister of Italy
1675439
president does not have the power to directly dismiss the assembly, but the presidentially appointed cabinet does. The president chooses the prime minister without the confidence vote from the parliament. In order to remove a prime minister or the whole cabinet from power, the president can dismiss the prime minister or the assembly can remove the prime minister by a "vote of no confidence", but the president can dissolve the parliament. Semi-presidential system A semi-presidential system or dual executive system is a system of government in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter
Semi-presidential system
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the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster, Germany has permanently shut down eight of its 17 reactors and pledged to close the rest by the end of 2022. Italy voted overwhelmingly to keep their country non-nuclear. Switzerland and Spain have banned the construction of new reactors. Japan’s prime minister has called for a dramatic reduction in Japan’s reliance on nuclear power. Taiwan’s president did the same. Shinzō Abe, the prime minister of Japan since December 2012, announced a plan to re-start some of the 54 Japanese nuclear power plants (NPPs) and to continue some NPP sites under construction. As of 2016,
Nuclear power phase-out
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her ability to choose the prime minister. However, since only the National Assembly has the power to dismiss the Prime Minister's government, the president is forced to name a prime minister that commands the support of the majority of this assembly. Among the formal powers of the president: Article 72 of the Congolese constitution states that the President must be a natural-born citizen – or more accurately: – of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and at least 30 years of age. Additionally, the President must be free of any legal constraints on their civil and political rights. Article 10
President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
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was dangerous because of the risk that the opposition would strengthen its numbers and perhaps and gain the majority which would have lead to even more complex relations between the Parliament and the President. In this regard, Boris Yeltsin had to appoint a Prime Minister (Yevgeny Primakov), who had broad support among the left opposition. Sri Lankan politics for several years witnessed a bitter struggle between the president and the prime minister, belonging to different parties and elected separately, over the negotiations with the Tamil Tigers to resolve the longstanding civil war. Since 2004, the president has more political power.
Cohabitation (government)
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Prime Minister of Haiti The Prime Minister of Haiti (, ) is the head of government of Haiti. The office was created under the 1987 Constitution; previously, all executive power was held by the President or head of state, who appointed and chaired the Council of Ministers. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President and ratified by the National Assembly. The Prime Minister appoints the Ministers and Secretaries of State and goes before the National Assembly to obtain a vote of confidence for his declaration of general policy. The Prime Minister enforces the laws and, along with the President,
Prime Minister of Haiti
322263
while the Irish prime minister is called the (which is rendered into English as "prime minister"), and in Israel he is "Rosh HaMemshalah" meaning "head of the government". In many cases, though commonly used, "prime minister" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (). Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, ), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Nordic countries the prime minister is called "Statsminister", meaning "Minister of State". In federations, the head of government of subnational entities
Prime minister
254742
directives become effective with the prime minister's signature. In the absence, incapacity, or resignation of the president, the SGKh chairman exercises presidential power until inauguration of a newly elected president. The Government, headed by the Prime Minister, has a four-year term. The President appoints the Prime Minister, after elections, and also appoints the members of the Government on the proposal of the Prime Minister, or if the latter is not able to reach a consensus on this issue with the President, within a week, then he or she shall submit it to the State Great Khural for the cabinet to
Politics of Mongolia
759982
voters who are forty or older on election day are eligible to be senators. The Senate of the Republic is a region based body with elections of Senators for each region being based on a modified proportional representation system. The Constitution establishes the Government of Italy as composed of the President of the Council (Prime Minister) and Ministers. The President of Italy appoints the Prime Minister and, on his proposal, the Ministers that form its cabinet. The appointee is usually the leader of the majority coalition that won the election, but it can also be a new leader emerging from
Government of Italy
4468271
Minister and is the national executive of Italy, needs to have the confidence of both houses. It must receive a vote of confidence by both houses before being officially in power, and the Parliament can cast a motion of no confidence at any moment, which forces the Prime Minister and their Cabinet to resign. If the President of the Republic is unable to find a new Prime Minister able to receive the support of both houses, he or she can dissolve one or both houses and new elections are held. The process by which the Italian Parliament makes law, the
Italian Parliament
19612233
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy The Deputy Prime Minister of Italy, officially Vice-President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (Italian: "Vicepresidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana"), is a senior member of the Italian Cabinet. The office of the Deputy Prime Minister is not a permanent position, existing only at the discretion of the Prime Minister, who may appoint to other offices to give seniority to a particular Cabinet minister. The office is currently held by Luigi Di Maio and Matteo Salvini, under Giuseppe Conte's premiership. Unlike analogous offices in some other nations, such as a
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
2239336
Prime Minister of Singapore The Prime Minister of the Republic of Singapore (; , pinyin: "Xīnjiāpō gònghéguó zǒnglǐ"; , "Ciṅkappūr kuṭiyaraciṉ piratamar") is the head of the government of the Republic of Singapore, and the most powerful person in Singapore. The President of Singapore appoints as Prime Minister a Member of Parliament (MP) who, in his or her opinion, is most likely to command the confidence of a majority of MPs. In practice, the Prime Minister is usually the leader of the majority party in the legislature. Under the Constitution of Singapore, executive power is vested in the President. However,
Prime Minister of Singapore
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motion to bring it down on 10 November. On 24 November, António Costa was appointed by the President of the Republic as Prime Minister-designate. Costa was sworn in on 26 November, 2015. The President of Portugal has the power to dissolve the Assembly of the Republic by their own will. Unlike in other countries, the President can refuse to dissolve the parliament at the request of the Prime Minister or the Assembly of the Republic and all the parties represented in Parliament. If the Prime Minister resigns, the President must appoint a new Prime Minister after listening to all the
2015 Portuguese legislative election
1675438
confusion from mixed authority patterns. Advantages Disadvantages In semi-presidential systems, there is always both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the president has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but the role of a head of government may be exercised by the prime minister. "Italics" indicate states with limited recognition. The president chooses the prime minister and cabinet, but only the parliament may remove them from office with a "vote of no confidence". The president does not have the power to dismiss the prime minister or the cabinet which are chosen by the parliament. The
Semi-presidential system
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president. In such a situations the prime minister would serve as the de-facto head of government. In 2015, the nineteenth amendment restored certain degree of powers to the premiership. The prime minister is the second in the order of precedence after the president and head of the cabinet of ministers. The prime minister would be a member of the constitutional council, national security council and the senior most member cabinet of ministers. As head of the cabinet of ministers, the Prime Minister has the power to: By the constitution, the Prime Minister holds formal power to advise the president on:
Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
1884323
state officeholder in the Albanian system of government. One important role of the President is to designate a candidate for the office of Prime Minister who, in the opinion of the President, is best able to command a majority of the members of the Parliament. As head of government, the Prime Minister is charged with directing the internal policy of the country and leads the public administration. In this regard, the government cooperates with other interested social actors. If the Prime Minister is temporarily absent or incapable of exercising its executive power, the Deputy Prime Minister takes over his functions,
Prime Minister of Albania
258584
offices of Vice Prime Minister. They have the executive power and authority over the cabinet and also help the Prime Minister in his tasks and responsibilities. In Mauritius, Prime Minister enjoys significant power whereas the President has a mostly ceremonial role. The President as head of state resides in a historical Chateau laid on 220 hectares of land and the Prime Minister resides in the much smaller Clarisse House. Nevertheless, the Prime Minister is the chief executive. He is responsible for any bill sent to the President from the assembly. He presides over all cabinet ministers and is the first
Politics of Mauritius
299384
of a constitutional monarchy, whereby the King is the Head of State. Fiji has a multiparty system with the Prime Minister of Fiji as head of government. The executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Fiji. Fiji's Head of State is the President. He is elected by Parliament of Fiji after nomination by the Prime Minister or the Leader of the Opposition, for a three-year term. In the politics of Papua New Guinea the Prime Minister is the head of government. In Kiribati, the President of Kiribati is
Oceania
192933
Politics of Italy The politics of Italy are conducted through a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Italy has been a democratic republic since 2 June 1946, when the monarchy was abolished by popular referendum and a constituent assembly was elected to draft a constitution, which was promulgated on 1 January 1948. Executive power is exercised by the Council of Ministers, which is led by the Prime Minister, officially referred to as "President of the Council" ("Presidente del Consiglio"). Legislative power is vested primarily in the two houses of Parliament and secondarily in the Council of Ministers, which can introduce
Politics of Italy
7876086
Politics of Serbia The politics of Serbia function within the framework of a parliamentary democracy. The prime minister is the head of government, while the president is the head of state. Serbia is a parliamentary republic composed of three branches of government: an executive, legislature, and judiciary. The Economist Intelligence Unit has rated Serbia as "flawed democracy" in 2016. Executive power is exercised by the prime minister, who heads a cabinet. The prime minister is chosen by the National Assembly on the proposal of the president, who names the designate after consultations with all parliamentary leaders. The president is elected
Politics of Serbia
767763
is not in session, and appoint the Prime Minister. The President has the power to declare war, to grant pardon and to conclude agreements of peace, alliance, and participation in international organizations; upon the request of the government a simple parliamentary majority is required to ratify such actions, agreements, or treaties. The Prime Minister of Albania "(Kryeministri)" is the head of government. According to the Constitution, the Prime Minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in the Albanian parliamentary system. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President; ministers are nominated by the
Politics of Albania
17705921
President Mahmud Abbas appointed Rami Hamdallah Prime Minister, but was not presented for approval by the Palestinian Legislative Council. Two weeks later, Hamdallah resigned in protest at the appointment of two deputy prime ministers for political and economic affairs. According to Hassan Khraisheh, deputy speaker of the PLC, the real reason Hamdallah resigned was because he discovered the Prime Minister has no power and that there was no point in having a prime minister “at a time when President Abbas has a monopoly over all the executive branch’s authorities.” “The presence of two deputy prime ministers, who are friends of
Palestinian governments of 2013
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slated for release on 21 December 2018. The Accidental Prime Minister The Accidental Prime Minister: The Making and Unmaking of Manmohan Singh is a 2014 memoir by Indian policy analyst Sanjaya Baru, who was Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's media advisor from May 2004 to August 2008. Published by Penguin India, the book alleges that Singh was not entirely in control of his cabinet—or even the Prime Minister's Office (PMO). Instead, significant power was wielded by the Congress party's president Sonia Gandhi, to whom Singh was completely "subservient". "There cannot be two centres of power", Baru remembers Singh explaining to him,
The Accidental Prime Minister
17977594
The Accidental Prime Minister The Accidental Prime Minister: The Making and Unmaking of Manmohan Singh is a 2014 memoir by Indian policy analyst Sanjaya Baru, who was Prime Minister Manmohan Singh's media advisor from May 2004 to August 2008. Published by Penguin India, the book alleges that Singh was not entirely in control of his cabinet—or even the Prime Minister's Office (PMO). Instead, significant power was wielded by the Congress party's president Sonia Gandhi, to whom Singh was completely "subservient". "There cannot be two centres of power", Baru remembers Singh explaining to him, "That creates confusion. I have to accept
The Accidental Prime Minister
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independence in 1912. A Prime Minister may choose not to appoint a Deputy Prime Minister. As of the Constitution of Albania, the President of Albania appoints the Deputy Prime Minister and swears before the starting duties in front of the President. The Deputy Prime Minister can take the position of the acting Prime Minister, when the Prime Minister is temporarily absent or incapable of exercising its executive power. The Deputy Prime Minister is often asked to succeed to the Prime Minister's term of office, following the Prime Minister's sudden death or unexpected resignation. However, that is not necessarily mandated by
Deputy Prime Minister of Albania
190098
Council of Ministers. By virtue of that, the Prime Minister has exclusive power to: co-ordinate intelligence policies, determining the financial resources and strengthening national cyber security; apply and protect State secrets; authorise agents to carry out operations, in Italy or abroad, in violation of the law. A peculiarity of the Italian Parliament is the representation given to Italian citizens permanently living abroad: 12 Deputies and 6 Senators elected in four distinct overseas constituencies. In addition, the Italian Senate is characterised also by a small number of senators for life, appointed by the President "for outstanding patriotic merits in the social,
Italy
5527667
The office of Deputy Prime Minister is not provided for in the Constitution of Malaysia. At the same time, a Prime Minister could appoint more than one Deputy Prime Minister, as has occurred before in Singapore. By the practice of the past ruling coalition Barisan Nasional, where the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) was the unofficial leader, the UMNO Deputy President was usually appointed the Deputy Prime Minister by the Prime Minister (who was the UMNO President). In the organisational structure of Barisan Nasional, the President and Deputy President of UMNO were automatically made the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of
Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia
36351
(the upper house). The House of Representatives has the power to appoint the prime minister, make constitutional amendments, call for a vote of confidence on the prime minister, and make suggestions on foreign and domestic policy. The Council of the Republic has the power to select various government officials, conduct an impeachment trial of the president, and accept or reject the bills passed by the House of Representatives. Each chamber has the ability to veto any law passed by local officials if it is contrary to the constitution. The government includes a Council of Ministers, headed by the prime minister
Belarus
346986
it does not have the power to confirm Government ministers. The power to confirm or reject the prime minister is severely limited. According to the 1993 constitution, the State Duma must decide within one week to confirm or reject a candidate once the president has placed that person's name in nomination. If it rejects three candidates, the president is empowered to appoint a prime minister, dissolve the parliament, and schedule new legislative elections. The State Duma's power to force the resignation of the Government also is severely limited. It may express a vote of no-confidence in the Government by a
Politics of Russia
9755783
the physical security of the prime minister, the president or a VIP" (Section 8). The SSF is now accountable to the prime minister under the present parliamentary system, and is given the power to "arrest without warrant...any person when there is reason to believe that the presence or movement of such person at or near the place where the prime minister, the president or a VIP is living or staying or through which he is passing or about to pass is prejudicial to the physical security of the prime minister, the president or such VIP; and if such person forcibly
Special Security Force
1803612
is not a part of the Government of Russia, which exercises executive power. In all cases where the President of the Russian Federation is unable to fulfill his duties, they shall be temporarily delegated to the Prime Minister, who becomes Acting President of Russia. The Chairman of the Federation Council is the third important position after the President and the Prime Minister. In the case of incapacity of both the President and Prime Minister, the chairman of the upper house of parliament becomes acting head of state. The power includes execution of federal law, alongside the responsibility of appointing federal
President of Russia
1589010
on Prime Ministerial advice – a permanent Deputy Prime Minister, who becomes acting Prime Minister when needed, has largely removed even this discretion from the Governor-General. The Governor-General has a number of other legal powers. The Governor-General may dismiss an incumbent Prime Minister and Cabinet, an individual Minister, or any other official who holds office "during the Queen's pleasure" or "during the Governor-General's pleasure". Conventionally, the Governor-General follows the advice of the Prime Minister or another appropriate Minister in matters of appointment and dismissal. Likewise, by convention, the Government as a whole remains in office as long as it keeps
Reserve power
1969581
takes over the office. If the president dies, a presidential election is held. The prime minister determines national policy and is the most important person in the Italian government. The prime minister is selected by the president — usually from the members of Parliament — and must be approved by Parliament. The prime minister has no fixed term of office and can be voted out of office by Parliament at any time. The current Italian Prime Minister is Giuseppe Conte. Members of the Cabinet are chosen by the prime minister, and they are usually selected from the members of Parliament.
Culture of Italy
2759076
the office of the Prime Minister in Lebanon is notably significantly weaker in Lebanon than in France, for the President is the sole person who can dismiss him (at will), while in France the Prime Minister is appointed by the President, and can only be removed by the Parliament through a vote of no confidence. This means that the Prime Minister of Lebanon must be much more deferential to the President than his French counterpart. Twice in the past, when the president resigned or shortly before his term expired, the president broke the National Pact and appointed a Maronite Christian
Prime Minister of Lebanon
1713512
The 1958 Constitution includes several provisions intended to strengthen the prime minister's position, for instance by restricting the legislature's power to vote censure. The current prime minister is Édouard Philippe, who was appointed on 15 May 2017. Prime Minister of France The French Prime Minister () in the Fifth Republic is the head of government. During the Third and Fourth Republics, the head of government position was called President of the Council of Ministers (), generally shortened to President of the Council (). The Prime Minister proposes a list of ministers to the President of the Republic. Decrees and decisions
Prime Minister of France
192572
Politics of Iraq The politics of Iraq place in a framework of a federal parliamentary representative democratic republic. It is a multi-party system whereby the executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister of the Council of Ministers as the head of government, as well as the President of Iraq, and legislative power is vested in the Council of Representatives and the Federation Council. The current Prime Minister of Iraq is Adil Abdul-Mahdi, who holds most of the executive authority and appointed the Council of Ministers. which acts as a cabinet and/or government.The Economist Intelligence Unit has rated Iraq as
Politics of Iraq
18454257
Next Portuguese legislative election The Portuguese legislative election of 2019 will be held on 6 October 2019. At stake will be all 230 seats to the Assembly of the Republic. The President of Portugal has the power to dissolve the Assembly of the Republic by their own will. Unlike in other countries, the President can refuse to dissolve the parliament at the request of the Prime Minister or the Assembly of the Republic and all the parties represented in Parliament. If the Prime Minister resigns, the President must appoint a new Prime Minister after listening to all the parties represented
Next Portuguese legislative election
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Hung in 1988, the prime minister has been ranked 3rd in the order of precedence of the Communist Party's Politburo, the highest decision-making body in Vietnam. Ho Chi Minh, who also served as the country's President, was appointed Vietnam's first prime minister in 1946 by the National Assembly, after having served months as Acting Chairman of the Provisional Government and foreign minister in the aftermath of the 1945 August Revolution. Both the 1946 and 1959 Constitutions state that the National Assembly had the power to appoint and relieve the prime minister of his duties. The prime minister presided over the
Prime Minister of Vietnam
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passed the 18th Amendment. However, this 2008-2013 term is often touted to be the first complete democratic change of power without a military president or a coup de etat in Pakistan. Some new features were also introduced into the constitution, including the following: 292 of the 342 members of the National Assembly, the lower house of Parliament, voted in favour of the amendment. The amendment turns the President into a ceremonial head of state and transfers power to the Prime Minister, and removes the limit on a Prime Minister serving more than two terms, opening the way for Nawaz Sharif
Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan
19612234
vice-presidency, the Italian deputy prime minister possesses no special constitutional powers as such, though they will always have particular responsibilities in government. They do not assume the duties and powers of the Prime Minister in the latter's absence, illness, or death, such as the powers to seek a dissolution of parliament, appoint peers or brief the President of the Republic. They do not automatically succeed the Prime Minister, should the latter be incapacitated or resign from the leadership of his or her political party. In practice, however, the designation of someone to the role of Deputy Prime Minister may provide
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
1350833
the Wolf Foundation, the president of Magen David Adom, the president of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, and ceremonially appoints the Prime Minister. The president also has the power to pardon or commute the sentences of both soldiers and civilians, and ceremonially appoints judges to courts, including the Supreme Court, after appointment by the Judicial Selection Committee. In addition, paragraph 29a of "The Government" basic law also states that the president must consent to the dissolution of the Knesset at the request of the Prime Minister when the government has lost its majority and can therefore no longer
President of Israel
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Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Minister and Attorney-General, such other offices of Minister of the Government as may be prescribed by Parliament or, subject to any law, established by the President, acting in accordance with the advice of the Prime Minister. Provided that the number of offices of Minister, other than the Prime Minister, shall not be more than 24, the President, acting in his own deliberate judgment, shall appoint as Prime Minister the member of the Assembly who appears to him best able to command the support of the majority of the members of the Assembly, and shall, acting in
Cabinet of Mauritius
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the leader of the majority party or coalition). the president then appoints the other members of the Council of Ministers, distributing portfolios to them on the advice of the prime minister. The Council of Ministersa remains in power at the 'pleasure' of the president. The president appoints 12 members of the Rajya Sabha from amongst persons who have special knowledge or practical experience in respect of such matters as literature, science, art and social service. President may nominate not more than two members of Anglo Indian community as Lok Sabha members per Governors of states are also appointed by the
President of India
143352
Politics of Finland The politics of Finland take place within the framework of a parliamentary representative democracy. Finland is a republic whose head of state is President Sauli Niinistö, who leads the nation's foreign policy and is the supreme commander of the Finnish Defence Forces. Finland's head of government is the Prime Minister, who leads the nation's executive branch, called the Finnish Government. Legislative power is vested in the Parliament of Finland (, ), and the Government has limited rights to amend or extend legislation. Because the Constitution of Finland vests power to both the President and Government, the President
Politics of Finland
190096
Fascist forces during the Civil War. Italy has a parliamentary government based on a mixed proportional and majoritarian voting system. The parliament is perfectly bicameral: the two houses, the Chamber of Deputies that meets in Palazzo Montecitorio, and the Senate of the Republic that meets in Palazzo Madama, have the same powers. The Prime Minister, officially President of the Council of Ministers ("Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri"), is Italy's head of government. The Prime Minister and the cabinet are appointed by the President of the Republic of Italy and must pass a vote of confidence in Parliament to come into
Italy
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to better reflect the large young demographic of India. In Indonesia a person must be at least: In Israel one must be at least 21 to become a member of the Knesset ( section 6(a)) or a municipality. When the Prime Minister was directly elected, one must have been a member of the Knesset who is at least 30 to be a candidate for Prime Minister. Every Israeli Citizen (including minors) can be appointed as a Government Minister, or elected as President of Israel, but the latter role is mostly ceremonial and elected by the Parliament. In Italy, a person
Age of candidacy
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federation has members chosen by the state assemblies to serve five year terms. The house of people's representatives are elected by direct election, who in turn elect the president for a six-year term. The president is elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term. The prime minister is designated by the party in power following legislative elections. The Council of Ministers, according to the 1995 constitution, comprises by the Prime Minister, the Deputy Prime Minister, various Ministers and other members as determined and approved by the House of People's Representatives. At the current time, these Ministers include
Government of Ethiopia
1713505
15 May 2017. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic, who can select whomever he or she wants. While prime ministers are usually chosen from amongst the ranks of the National Assembly, on rare occasions the President has selected a non-officeholder because of their experience in bureaucracy or foreign service, or their success in business management—Dominique de Villepin, for example, served as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2007 without ever having held an elected office. On the other hand, while the Prime Minister does not have to ask for vote of confidence after cabinet's formation and
Prime Minister of France
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is empowered to act on behalf of the whole Council. Apart from that, though, the President is a "primus inter pares", having no power above and beyond the other six Councillors. The term "Prime Minister" can be compared to "primary minister" or "first minister". Because of this, the Prime Ministers of many countries are traditionally considered to be "first among equals" – they are the chairman or "head" of a Cabinet rather than holding an office that is "de jure" superior to that of ministers. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom has frequently been described as "first among equals".
Primus inter pares
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to the Prime Minister. The 2003 Amended Basic Law limits the Presidential powers: The 2003 Amended Basic Law stipulates that the President has the power to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister (Art. 45) and the PM is accountable to the president and to the Legislative Council, and the Ministers are accountable to the Prime Minister (Art. 74). A new Government is subjected to a vote of confidence by the PLC (Art. 66). The Prime Minister chairs the Council of Ministers (Art. 68). Under the 2002 Basic Law, the President presided the Council of Ministers. The President - The term
President of the Palestinian National Authority
11867738
Government of Hungary The Government of Hungary () exercises executive power in Hungary. It is led by the Prime Minister, and is composed of various ministers. It is the principal organ of public administration. The Prime Minister ("miniszterelnök") is elected by the National Assembly and serves as the head of government and exercises executive power. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party with the most seats in parliament. The Prime Minister selects Cabinet ministers and has the exclusive right to dismiss them. Cabinet nominees must appear before consultative open hearings before one or more parliamentary committees, survive a
Government of Hungary
2782382
Republic Day. Under the 1976 constitution, the President is the nominal source of executive power. Like the British Sovereign (and heads of state in other Westminster systems), he or she "reigns but does not rule". In practice, executive authority is exercised by the Prime Minister and his or her cabinet, on behalf of the President. The President appoints as Prime Minister the leader of the largest party in the House of Representatives, and also appoints members of the Senate on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and the Leader of the Opposition. The President must be at least 35 years
President of Trinidad and Tobago
5131959
is César Villanueva, who took office on 2 April 2018. Recently, the role of the prime minister has been debated, and whether it should be strengthened. This idea has been supported by former presidents Alan García, Alejandro Toledo and Ollanta Humala. Such reforms would enable the prime minister to become the effective head of government, similarly to what happens in countries like France and Russia. Prime Minister of Peru The President of the Council of Ministers of Peru, informally called "Premier" (form of address) or "Prime Minister", heads the Council of Ministers, and is appointed by the President (pending ratification
Prime Minister of Peru
7324080
its period of government under one Prime Minister. (This concept is similar to an "administration" in the parlance of a presidential republic.) The Government comprises the Prime Minister, ministers and secretaries of state (junior ministers). Governments may also include one or more deputy prime ministers and deputy secretaries of state. Each minister usually heads a ministry and has assigned to him or her one or more secretaries of state, while certain governments may also assign one or more deputy ministers, as well. After the elections for the Assembly of the Republic or the resignation of the previous government, the President
Government of Portugal
6476668
by a popular plebiscite. He appoints the Prime Minister from the party winning the majority of seats in parliament. However, the President has the power to relieve the Prime Minister from office without the parliament’s approval and may also remove the cabinet of ministers but only after consulting with the prime minister. The President under this Constitution was the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of Egypt. Customarily, the president is concerned with foreign policy and international relations while the Prime minister is concerned with domestic politics, economy and day-to-day operation of the government. The President may dissolve the parliament
Egyptian Constitution of 1971
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affairs in which the President of Pakistan is the head of state who represents the "unity of the Republic." The system of government in Pakistan is based on codified constitution which sees the Prime Minister as "chief executive of the Republic." In addition, the Prime Minister is also the chairman of the Council of Common Interests as set by: As in most of the parliamentary democracies, a head of state's duties are mostly ceremonial. The Prime Minister of Pakistan is the head of government and has the responsibility for executive power. With Pakistan following a parliamentary system of government, the
Prime Minister of Pakistan
11215766
Government of the Czech Republic The Government of the Czech Republic () exercises executive power in the Czech Republic. The members of the government are the Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (Chairman of the Government), the deputy ministers and other ministers. It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Czech Republic. The government is led by the Prime Minister, who selects all the remaining ministers. Government of the Czech Republic is responsible to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Czech Republic. The current Prime Minister
Government of the Czech Republic
9874873
declare a State of Emergency. Diplomatically, the president, with the agreement of the DPR, has the power to declare war, peace, and to sign treaties. In addition, he or she appoints ambassadors and consuls as well as accepting ambassadors from other countries. Finally, the president has power to give amnesties and pardons as well as awarding titles and honours. The Provisional Constitution: The president has the power to name cabinets and appoint the prime minister with the advice of formateurs. The president is able to remove ministers from office and has the right to be informed of important matters by
President of Indonesia
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of Tunisia, the President of Uganda, the President of Zimbabwe, and the President of Zambia. Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma attended in her capacity as Chairperson of the African Union Commission. Other notable guests include the President of the United States and three former presidents of the United States; the President of India; the Prime Minister of Italy; the Vice President of China; the President of Brazil; the President of France; the President of Ireland; the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; the President of Germany; the Prime Minister of Australia; two former Governors General of Canada, the Prime Minister of Canada, and
Death of Nelson Mandela
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budgets, and to ensure public order. Under the 1987 Constitution, the President was required to appoint the Prime Minister in order to form the Government. The Prime Minister had the power to dissolve the government. Several Afghan presidents during the Democratic Republic era were also appointed as Prime Minister. With the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, the Prime Minister was no longer in charge of the government. The General Secretary of the PDPA or the Director of the KHAD exercised greater power. Also, the 1990 Constitution established that only Afghan-born citizens are eligible to hold the office, something that was not
Prime Minister of Afghanistan
2182866
of faculties and majors, and can also enlist or oust people in the private sector. He or she then also has the power to issue regulations for the enforcement of laws, ensuring proper public services, etc., which have been transferred to the Prime Minister under the 2012 and 2014 Constitutions. The 2012 Constitution, provides for a semi-presidential form of government in which the President shares executive powers with the Prime Minister. And this was retained under a new Constitution that was ratified on 2014, one year after a military coup ousted the country's first democratically elected President, Mohamed Morsi in
President of Egypt
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2006 and 2010). Under the president-parliamentary system, the prime minister and cabinet are dually accountable to the president and the parliament. The president chooses the prime minister and the cabinet but must have the support of a parliamentary majority for his choice. In order to remove a prime minister or the whole cabinet from power, the president can dismiss them, or the parliament can remove them by a "vote of no confidence". This form of semi-presidentialism is much closer to pure presidentialism. It is used in Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Namibia, Russia, Senegal and Taiwan. It was also used in Ukraine, first
Semi-presidential system
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Prime Minister of Kenya The Prime Minister of Kenya was a post in the Kenyan government. The first Prime Minister of Kenya was Jomo Kenyatta who became Prime Minister in 1963. In 1964, Kenya became a Republic; the post of Prime Minister was abolished and Jomo Kenyatta assumed the position of President. Following a power-sharing agreement in February 2008, the post of Prime Minister was recreated that April. The position was again abolished by the 2010 Constitution after the 2013 elections. The last Prime Minister, Raila Odinga, was sworn in on April 17, 2008. He was Kenya's second Prime Minister.
Prime Minister of Kenya
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additional practical status within cabinet, enabling the exercise of "de facto", if not "de jure", power. In a coalition government, as Enrico Letta Grand coalition government between the Democrats and The People of Freedom, the appointment of the secretary of the smaller party (in the 2014 case, Angelino Alfano, secretary of the PdL) as Deputy Prime Minister is done to give that person more authority within the cabinet to enforce the coalition's agreed-upon agenda. There are ten living former Italian Prime Ministers: Deputy Prime Minister of Italy The Deputy Prime Minister of Italy, officially Vice-President of the Council of Ministers
Deputy Prime Minister of Italy
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Designated Prime Minister of Slovakia () is an unofficial title for a person who has been entrusted by the President of the Slovak Republic with forming a new government and replacing the outgoing Prime Minister. This title, as well as the authorization of the president to entrust the designated PM, is not set by an act but is a legal or, more precisely, constitutional tradition. According to this tradition, the President designates a person who has support of the majority of deputies in the National Council. Minister plenipotentiary for administration of Slovakia Land President of Slovakia Prime Ministers of the
Prime Minister of Slovakia
10717661
has permanently shut down eight of its 17 reactors and pledged to close the rest by the end of 2022. Italy voted overwhelmingly to keep their country non-nuclear. Switzerland and Spain have banned the construction of new reactors. Japan's prime minister has called for a dramatic reduction in Japan's reliance on nuclear power. Taiwan's president did the same. Shinzō Abe, the new prime minister of Japan since December 2012, announced a plan to restart some of the 54 Japanese nuclear power plants and to continue some nuclear reactors under construction. As of 2016, countries such as Australia, Austria, Denmark, Greece,
Fossil fuel phase-out
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2010, with hydroelectric plants located mainly in the Alps and the Apennines. From the beginning of the 20th century to the 1950s, hydroelectric power accounted for the majority of generated power, but as energy needs increased approaching the 21st century that percentage dropped significantly. Italy does not have nuclear power due to a public vote against it in the wake of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster. Much concern has arisen because Italy is in a seismically active area, placing it at greater risk for a nuclear accident. Former Prime Minister of Italy Silvio Berlusconi and President of France Nicolas Sarkozy made
Electricity sector in Italy
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power to the president, speculation has arisen over the question of whether it is Medvedev or Prime Minister Vladimir Putin who actually wields the most power. According to "The Daily Telegraph", "Kremlin-watchers" note that Medvedev uses the more formal form of 'you' (Вы, 'vy') when addressing Putin, while Putin addresses Medvedev with the more informal 'ty' (ты). According to a poll conducted in September 2009 by the Levada Center in which 1,600 Russians from across Russia took part, 13% believed Medvedev held the most power, 32% Putin, and 48% both (7% failed to answer). However Medvedev has affirmed his position
Presidency of Dmitry Medvedev
2431619
the armed forces and to be leader during the state of war when he can issue decrees with the force of law. He is impeachable for any violation of the Constitution. Croatian parliament decides whether to proceed impeaching the President and that is decided by the Constitutional Court. The Government of the Republic of Croatia exercise executive power. The Government consists of Prime Minister, one or more Deputy Prime Minister and ministers. President of the republic confides the mandate to form the Government to the person who, upon the distribution of the seats in the Croatian Parliament and consultations held,
Constitution of Croatia
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tension had been supported by the United States to ""stop the PCI, and to a certain degree also the PSI, from reaching executive power in the country"." With the end of the Years of lead (Italy) (1969-1989), the Italian Communist Party gradually increased its votes under the leadership of Enrico Berlinguer. The Socialist party (PSI), partner of Christian Democrats and led by Prime Minister Bettino Craxi, became more and more critical of the communists and of the Soviet Union; Craxi himself pushed in favour of US president Ronald Reagan's positioning of Pershing II missiles in Italy, a move the communists
Italy–United States relations
18544864
Tandemocracy The Putin-Medvedev tandemocracy is the joint leadership of Russia between 2008 and 2012 when Vladimir Putin, who was constitutionally barred from serving a third consecutive term as President of Russia, assumed the role of Prime Minister under President Dmitry Medvedev. While the office of Prime Minister is nominally the subservient position, opinion differs as to what extent Putin was the "de facto" leader during this period, with most opinion being either that Putin remained paramount or that he and Medvedev had similar levels of power. Putin was re-elected President in the 2012 election and Medvedev became his Prime Minister.
Tandemocracy
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Dimitrios Valvis Dimitrios Valvis (Δημήτριος Βάλβης; 1808 or 1814 – 30 November 1892) was a Greek politician and judge, who served briefly as Prime Minister of Greece in May 1886. Valvis was born in Messolonghi and studied law in Pisa, Italy. Valvis served as President of the Court of Cassation from 1872 to 1885. He was appointed as a care-taker Prime Minister for a brief period in May 1886 between the ministries of Theodoros Deligiannis and Charilaos Trikoupis. He was the brother of Zinovios Valvis, who also served as Prime Minister of Greece on two occasions, in 1863 and 1864.
Dimitrios Valvis
9542210
Dimitrios Valvis Dimitrios Valvis (Δημήτριος Βάλβης; 1808 or 1814 – 30 November 1892) was a Greek politician and judge, who served briefly as Prime Minister of Greece in May 1886. Valvis was born in Messolonghi and studied law in Pisa, Italy. Valvis served as President of the Court of Cassation from 1872 to 1885. He was appointed as a care-taker Prime Minister for a brief period in May 1886 between the ministries of Theodoros Deligiannis and Charilaos Trikoupis. He was the brother of Zinovios Valvis, who also served as Prime Minister of Greece on two occasions, in 1863 and 1864.
Dimitrios Valvis
17552587
notably including Giovanni Toti, Mariarosaria Rossi, Deborah Bergamini and Francesca Pascale (Berlusconi's partner); Since being elected President of Liguria in 2015, Toti has become more autonomous from Berlusconi and a strong supporter of closer ties with Lega Nord. Forza Italia (2013) Forza Italia (translated to "Forward Italy" or "Let's Go Italy", known also by its acronym FI) is a centre-right political party in Italy whose ideology includes elements of liberal conservatism, Christian democracy, and liberalism. Its leader is Silvio Berlusconi, former Prime Minister of Italy (1994–1995, 2001–2006, 2008–2011). The party, formed out of the former People of Freedom (PdL), is
Forza Italia (2013)
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Palermo Conference The Palermo Conference was a two-day long conference which took place in Palermo, Italy on 12-13 November 2018 to discuss United Nations policy concerning Libya. Organized by Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte, It was attended by delegations from 38 countries, including Russia, the United States, Egypt, Tunisia, Turkey, as well as representatives of many rival Libyan factions fighting for power in the country. Attendants included Libyan prime minister Fayez al-Sarraj, Libyan field marshal Khalifa Haftar, Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Tunisian president Beji Caid Essebsi, Qatari Minister of Foreign Affairs Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, Libyan
Palermo Conference
20263913
Italy–Kurdistan Region relations Italy–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Italy and the Kurdistan Region. Italy has a consulate general in Erbil, while Kurdistan Region has a representation in Rome. Relations are described as "strong" and Italy has a military presence in Kurdistan Region. Many high-level meeting have been held between Italy and Kurdistan Region. In November 2005, Kurdish President Massoud Barzani visited Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi in Rome, and again in 2009. In September 2012, President Barzani met with the Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi in Rome to discuss economic and cultural ties. Barzani visited Italy again in May
Italy–Kurdistan Region relations
20263916
State group". Italy–Kurdistan Region relations Italy–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Italy and the Kurdistan Region. Italy has a consulate general in Erbil, while Kurdistan Region has a representation in Rome. Relations are described as "strong" and Italy has a military presence in Kurdistan Region. Many high-level meeting have been held between Italy and Kurdistan Region. In November 2005, Kurdish President Massoud Barzani visited Italian Prime Minister Berlusconi in Rome, and again in 2009. In September 2012, President Barzani met with the Italian Foreign Minister Giulio Terzi in Rome to discuss economic and cultural ties. Barzani visited Italy again
Italy–Kurdistan Region relations
9808520
unification, Italy's politics favored liberalism: the liberal-conservative right ("destra storica" or Historical Right) was regionally fragmented and liberal-conservative Prime Minister Marco Minghetti only held on to power by enacting revolutionary and left-leaning policies (such as the nationalization of railways) to appease the opposition. In 1876, Minghetti was ousted and replaced by liberal Agostino Depretis, who began the long Liberal Period. The Liberal Period was marked by corruption, government instability, continued poverty in Southern Italy and use of authoritarian measures by the Italian government. Depretis began his term as Prime Minister by initiating an experimental political notion known as "trasformismo" ("transformism").
Kingdom of Italy
20388713
by Palestinian women from refugee camps. In Italy, women posted stories of assault and harassment under the hashtag , which translates literally as "TheTimeThat". The phrase was launched by the journalist . Italian journalist wrote in "The Washington Post" that the initially popular movement quickly died out in Italy. She stated that Italian politician and former Prime Minister , who is known for his role in wild parties (Bunga Bunga bacchanals) with underage women and prostitutes, has contributed to a strong sexist culture with few female politicians in positions of power. Movie directors and were accused of harassment by more
Me Too movement
13253340
episode first aired on April 15, 2009, in the United States, and was rated TV-MA L in the United States. The theme of the episode was a warning about the dangers of greed, lying, and cheating. Among the world leaders who communicate with Randy in the episode are French president Nicolas Sarkozy, Chancellor of Germany Angela Merkel, Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, Prime Minister of Italy Silvio Berlusconi, Chinese president Hu Jintao, Japanese prime minister Taro Aso, Mexican president Felipe Calderón, and Finnish prime minister Matti Vanhanen. The episode received some degree of criticism overseas for depicting the
Pinewood Derby (South Park)
222480
coalition, established by a power sharing agreement, signed by then President Mwai Kibaki and Prime Minister Raila Odinga of the Orange Democratic Movement. That government featured the post of prime minister and ministers appointed to reflect political parties' relative strength in Kenya's 10th Parliament in which Raila Odinga's party, the Orange Democratic Movement was the largest party. Under the power-sharing agreement, each of the two major parties also nominated a deputy prime minister. The Bicameral Parliament consists of a National Assembly and Senate. The National Assembly, or "Bunge", has 349 members, 290 members elected for a five-year term in single-seat
Politics of Kenya
10147775
was nominated as the next Prime Minister by the Speaker of the Supreme Council of Crimea, which acts as Crimea's parliament. A power struggle ensued between Crimean politicians who were pro-Russian and those loyal to Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko. In early May 2006, politicians loyal to Yushchenko joined with four small political parties to create a 76-member majority in the Crimean parliament, which has 100 total members. This majority sought to block any pro-Russian candidates for Prime Minister of Crimea. The Constitution of Ukraine requires that the country's president approve of any candidate nominated for Prime Minister of Crimea. Ukrainian
Viktor Plakida
1589040
Constitution of Italy. The President of the Republic: The President of the Republic can refuse to sign laws he deems clearly against the Constitution, while less obvious cases are dealt with later on by the Constitutional Court. If the rejected law is passed again by a majority in the Parliament, however, the President must sign it. Given his monocratic nature, this organ joins in itself prerogatives that in all other collegial organs are attributed collectively. The President of Ireland does not possess executive powers: executive powers are held by the Government, which is headed by a Taoiseach (Prime Minister), who
Reserve power
14803868
prime minister has called for a dramatic reduction in Japan's reliance on nuclear power. Taiwan's president did the same. Mexico has sidelined construction of 10 reactors in favor of developing natural-gas-fired plants. Belgium plans to phase out its nuclear plants by 2025. As of 2012, countries such as Australia, Austria, Denmark, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Portugal, Israel, Serbia, Malaysia, and Norway have no nuclear power reactors and remain opposed to nuclear power. In November 2015 and March 2017 Egypt signed preliminary agreements with Russian nuclear company Rosatom for a first VVER-1200 unit at El Dabaa to start
Nuclear energy policy by country
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as Prime Minister a member of the House of Representatives who clearly does not have the support of a majority of MPs, but no Governor-General has sought to use this power since New Zealand gained responsible government, though some cabinets in the 19th century proved extremely short-lived. In earlier times, if a Prime Minister died, became incapacitated, or resigned unexpectedly, a Governor-General might be able to choose a temporary Prime Minister from among several senior ministers, while the governing party decided on a new leader who would then be duly appointed Prime Minister. Today, however, the practice of appointing –
Reserve power
1989775
power to pardon criminals or give them clemency. The pardon is given following a recommendation by the Minister of Justice. After the Kav 300 affair, President Chaim Herzog issued a pardon to four members of the Shin Bet prior to them being indicted. This unusual act was the first of its kind in Israel. In Italy, the President of the Republic may "grant pardons, or commute punishments" according to article 87 of the Italian Constitution. Like other acts of the president, the pardon requires the countersignature of the competent government minister. The Constitutional Court of Italy has ruled that the
Pardon