who used the term element for the first time
Plato
69094
which includes a discussion of the composition of inorganic and organic bodies and is a speculative treatise on chemistry. Plato believed the elements introduced a century earlier by Empedocles were composed of small polyhedral forms: tetrahedron (fire), octahedron (air), icosahedron (water), and cube (earth). Aristotle, c. 350 BCE, also used the term "stoicheia" and added a fifth element called aether, which formed the heavens. Aristotle defined an element as: In 1661, Robert Boyle proposed his theory of corpuscularism which favoured the analysis of matter as constituted by irreducible units of matter (atoms) and, choosing to side with neither Aristotle's view
Chemical element
7894583
and historically has had only one purpose, namely, to be the element that is used to make the internegative. It is sometimes referred to as a Protection IP, which is a good term since the only time the IP is touched is on the occasion of making the first or a replacement internegative. Since interpositives are used so rarely, they are usually the film element that is in the best condition of all the film elements. Interpositives are usually element of choice for film-to-tape transfers for several reasons: Interpositive An interpositive, intermediate positive, IP or master positive is an orange-based
Interpositive
13312161
the AN/MPQ-4 countermortar radar section (one in each direct support battalion). The duties of fire support coordinator for the division are normally performed by the division artillery commander, who works closely with the G-2 Intelligence section of the division to identify enemy targets. Fire support coordination element A fire support coordination element (FSCE) is a term used in the US Army to identify an element of military formation or unit organisation in which functions are directly related to positioning weapons and delivering their fire onto targets. The term is most often associated with artillery, but is sometimes used for mortar
Fire support coordination element
1672532
was a staffer at "Sounds" who wrote features on the new up-and-coming metal bands and was pivotal in directing the developing subculture of metalheads with his articles. At the suggestion of his editor Alan Lewis and in an attempt to find a common stylistic element in the bands' music, he used the term "New Wave of British Heavy Metal" for the first time in his review of a gig on the "Metal Crusade" tour featuring Angel Witch, Iron Maiden and Samson at The Music Machine in London on 8 May 1979. The term soon became the identifier for the whole
New wave of British heavy metal
10945889
Cheroenhaka (Nottoway) Tribe, the Mattaponi Indian tribe and Reservation, and the Patawomeck tribe. The meaning of the name "Cheroenhaka" (Tuscarora: "Čiruʼęhá·ka·ʼ") is uncertain. (It has been spelled in various ways: "Cherohakah", "Cheroohoka" or "Tcherohaka".) The late Iroquoian scholar Blair A. Rudes analyzed the second element as "-hakaʼ" meaning "one or people who is/are characterized in a certain way". He conjectured that the first element of the name was related to the Tuscarora term "čárhuʼ" (meaning "tobacco", as both tribes used this product in ceremonies). The term has also been interpreted as "People at the Fork of the Stream". The term
Nottoway people
5542079
Chronotope In literary theory and philosophy of language, the chronotope is how configurations of time and space are represented in language and discourse. The term was taken up by Russian literary scholar M.M. Bakhtin who used it as a central element in his theory of meaning in language and literature. The term itself comes from the Russian ', which in turn is derived from the Greek ' ('time') and "" ('space'); it thus can be literally translated as "time-space." Bakhtin developed the term in his 1937 essay "Forms of Time and of the Chronotope in the Novel" (). Here Bakhtin
Chronotope
5542087
their formal and informal lives" (2013: 53). Chronotope In literary theory and philosophy of language, the chronotope is how configurations of time and space are represented in language and discourse. The term was taken up by Russian literary scholar M.M. Bakhtin who used it as a central element in his theory of meaning in language and literature. The term itself comes from the Russian ', which in turn is derived from the Greek ' ('time') and "" ('space'); it thus can be literally translated as "time-space." Bakhtin developed the term in his 1937 essay "Forms of Time and of the
Chronotope
11360086
not always the case. Coverbs in that sense are found in Asian languages such as Chinese and Vietnamese, and, for example, West African languages such as Yoruba. Examples are given below. The term "coverb" (like "preverb") is also sometimes used to denote the first element in a compound verb or complex predicate. There, the coverb supplies significant semantic information, and the second element (a "light verb") is inflected to convey mainly grammatical information. The term is used in this way in relation to, for instance, North Australian languages. In relation to Hungarian, "coverb" is sometimes used to denote a verb
Coverb
12709062
The term can also be used for to name the process of using a guidewire or suture intentionally to cut through tissue during a surgical procedure or allowing a suture to slowly cut through tissue over time. Treatment of fistulas often involves placing a suture and allowing it to cut off the fistula over time. Cheesewiring In medicine the term cheesewiring or cheesewire effect describes any process in which cells or intercellular matrix are dissected or extruded either by the material being pressed through a taut element, or by the tension of a taut element pulling through tissue. Cheesewiring can
Cheesewiring
8111107
collar for. In the Semiotic Square for the ""copper collar"" (see illustration), Marcus Daly is considered the assertion and Miners is the negation in the first binary pair. The second binary relationship is created on the "control" axis. Union, the not Marcus Daly element, is considered to be the complex term, and ""copper collar"", the Miner element, is the neutral term. Both a union and the ""copper collar"" are things that are used to gain control. The Anaconda Company used the copper collar to gain control of the papers and legislature, and the miners wanted to establish a union to
Anaconda Copper
492597
determine expected running times. The terms are used in other contexts; for example the worst- and best-case outcome of a planned-for epidemic, worst-case temperature to which an electronic circuit element is exposed, etc. Where components of specified tolerance are used, devices must be designed to work properly with the worst-case combination of tolerances and external conditions. The term "best-case performance" is used in computer science to describe an algorithm's behavior under optimal conditions. For example, the best case for a simple linear search on a list occurs when the desired element is the first element of the list. Development and
Best, worst and average case
308722
use of splines. Polynomials are frequently used to encode information about some other object. The characteristic polynomial of a matrix or linear operator contains information about the operator's eigenvalues. The minimal polynomial of an algebraic element records the simplest algebraic relation satisfied by that element. The chromatic polynomial of a graph counts the number of proper colourings of that graph. The term "polynomial", as an adjective, can also be used for quantities or functions that can be written in polynomial form. For example, in computational complexity theory the phrase "polynomial time" means that the time it takes to complete an
Polynomial
3473920
subcontinent, a gymkhana is a multi-game equestrian competition held to display the training and talents of horses and their riders, particularly in speed events. The term is also used as the name of a timed automotive obstacle course, see Gymkhana (motorsport) and Gymkhana (motorcycle). The first element of "Gymkhana" comes from "gend" meaning "ball" in Hindi/Hindustani/Khariboli. This element is distinct from English word "gym", short for "gymnasium" and "gymnastics" which has Greek and Latin roots. The second element, "khānā" (ख़ाना) has Indo-Persian or Indo-Arabic origin meaning a place or a compartment. In the Persian (خانه) it's a term for "dwelling,
Gymkhana
15508600
used the telecommunications term for the first time when it interpreted TELRIC's role under the 1996 Telecommunications Act, which had been based on a higher level of ILEC unbundling. In short, the act assumed that "ILECs would have to lease components of the local telephone network to prospective competitors", who would then "expect to blend these components together, possibly using their own elements to offer appropriate services to end users". TELRIC pricing is not without controversy, as some economists have argued that TELRIC prices reduce the incentives of ILECs and CLECs to make investments in existing facilities and new technologies.
Total element long run incremental cost
13312160
Fire support coordination element A fire support coordination element (FSCE) is a term used in the US Army to identify an element of military formation or unit organisation in which functions are directly related to positioning weapons and delivering their fire onto targets. The term is most often associated with artillery, but is sometimes used for mortar fire. During the Vietnam War, the element, which included about five officers and nine enlisted personnel, collected and assessed information provided by the forward observers, field unit liaison officers, AN/TPS-25 surveillance radar section, division artillery air section, visual airborne target locator section, and
Fire support coordination element
5706801
representation term (and typically the corresponding data type term) comprise a taxonomy for the value domains within a data set. This taxonomy is the representation class. Thus the representation term can be used to control proliferation of value domains by ensuring equivalent value domains use the same representation term. When a person or software agent is analyzing two separate metadata registries to find property equivalence, the Representation Term can be used as a guide. For example, if system A has a Data Element such as PersonGenderCode and system B has a data element such as PersonSexCode the code suffix might
Representation term
2622046
that it is also irrotational, then the flow velocity field is actually Laplacian. As defined earlier, an incompressible (isochoric) flow is the one in which This is equivalent to saying that i.e. the material derivative of the density is zero. Thus if we follow a material element, its mass density remains constant. Note that the material derivative consists of two terms. The first term formula_15 describes how the density of the material element changes with time. This term is also known as the "unsteady term". The second term, formula_16 describes the changes in the density as the material element moves
Incompressible flow
13175676
Pipervika Pipervika is a neighborhood in the borough Sentrum in Oslo, Norway. It is located between the Oslofjord, Akershus Fortress and The City Hall Square. Today the term Pipervika is primarily used for the bay between the fortress and Aker Brygge. This was formerly commonly known as Piperviksbukta. It is part of the Fjord City urban renewal project. The first element is assumed to refer to the brigade music's pipers (flutists) who were located in the area, the last element is the finite form of "vik" f 'bay, inlet'. But the Norse name of the bay was "Gyljandi", and this
Pipervika
341152
Recreation Recreation is an activity of leisure, leisure being discretionary time. The "need to do something for recreation" is an essential element of human biology and psychology. Recreational activities are often done for enjoyment, amusement, or pleasure and are considered to be "fun". The term "recreation" appears to have been used in English first in the late 14th century, first in the sense of "refreshment or curing of a sick person", and derived turn from Latin ("re": "again", "creare": "to create, bring forth, beget"). Humans spend their time in activities of daily living, work, sleep, social duties, and leisure, the
Recreation
3595874
Network element In computer networks, a network element is a manageable logical entity uniting one or more physical devices. This allows distributed devices to be managed in a unified way using one management system. According to the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the term 'network element' means a facility or equipment used in the provision of a telecommunications service. Such term also includes features, functions, and capabilities that are provided by means of such facility or equipment, including subscriber numbers, databases, signaling systems, and information sufficient for billing and collection or used in the transmission, routing, or other provision of a
Network element
5681964
Malice aforethought Malice aforethought is the "premeditation" or "predetermination" (with malice) required as an element of some crimes in some jurisdictions and a unique element for first-degree or aggravated murder in a few. Insofar as the term is still in use, it has a technical meaning that has changed substantially over time. Malice aforethought is a translation of the Law French term "malice prépensée". Malice aforethought was not an element of murder in early medieval English law cases. Both self-defence killings and deaths caused by misadventure were treated as murder by juries. Although pardons for self-defence became common after the
Malice aforethought
6562536
representation class amount is different from an element categorized as number. It probably will not make sense to compare the contents of these elements, or perform calculations using them together. Representation class is a mechanism by which the functional and/or presentational category of an item may be conveyed to the user. 3.3.51 data element representation class the class of representation of a data element Representation class A representation term is a word, or a combination of words, used as part of a data element name. Representation class is sometimes used as a synonym for representation term. In ISO/IEC 11179, a
Representation class
7561749
with no specific rules about car modifications, there is really no meaningful competition, as the cars may have significantly different potential. A competition in which time is used as a competitive element is called time trialing. Lapping may also refer to the act of gaining an extra lap "advantage" against opponents on a race course. The term hot-lappping also surfaces in online racing video games, but it is used to identify a driver who is very fast, but very inconsistent; an example of this can be seen from possessing the ability to put down an extremely competitive lap-time, struggle to
Hot lap
17156081
that they often used the term as a "kind of sociological profanity" and contrasted between it and "working and thinking" proletariat. According to Michael Denning by identifying the "lumpenproletariat", "Marx was combating the established view that the entire working class was a dangerous and immoral element. He drew a line between the proletariat and the "lumpenproletariat" to defend the moral character of the former." The first collaborative work by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels to feature the term "lumpenproletariat" is "The German Ideology", written in 1845−46. They used it to describe the plebs (plebeians) of ancient Rome who were midway
Lumpenproletariat
5706800
group data elements. A "Representation Term" may be thought of as an attribute of a data element in a metadata registry that classifies the data element according to the type of data stored in the data element. Representation terms are typically "approved" by the organization or standards body using them. For example, the UN publishes its approved list as part of the UN/CEFACT Core Components Technical Specification. The Universal Data Element Framework uses a subset of CCTS representation terms and assigns numeric codes to those used. A value domain expresses the set of allowed values for a data element. The
Representation term
3039768
containing three to four aircraft (if it is a flying unit) and up to 20 personnel. Two or three sections usually make up a flight. The United States Air Force uses the term element, as well as section, to designate two or three subunits within a flight. In the context of British Empire military aviation during World War I, the term half flight or half-flight was used for equivalent formations; at the time a flight was normally four to six aircraft. Hence the Mesopotamian Half Flight, the first Australian flying unit to see action, initially comprised three aircraft. After the
Section (military unit)
4695462
et Histria" introduced by Emperor Augustus in his administrative reorganization of Italy at the beginning of the first century AD. Ascoli (who was born in Gorizia) coined his terms for linguistic and cultural reasons, saying that the languages spoken in the three areas were substantially similar. His goal was to stress to the ruling Austrian Empire the region's Latin and Venetian roots and the importance of the Italian linguistic element. The term "Venezia Giulia" did not catch on immediately, and began to be used widely only in the first decade of the 20th century. It was used in official administrative
Julian March
4552526
Ngalop people The Ngalop ( ; "earliest risen people" or "first converted people" according to folk etymology) are people of Tibetan origin who migrated to Bhutan as early as the ninth century. Orientalists adopted the term "Bhote" or Bhotiya, meaning "people of Bod (Tibet)", a term also applied to the Tibetan people, leading to confusion, and now is rarely used in reference to the Ngalop. The Ngalop introduced Tibetan culture and Buddhism to Bhutan and comprise the dominant political and cultural element in modern Bhutan. Furthermore, cultural, ethnic, and linguistic identity in Bhutan are not always mutually exclusive. For these
Ngalop people
19235161
daily wrote "In Iran's eyes, Britain is still the 'old fox'". Old fox Old fox () is a term used by Iranians to describe Britain. Seyyed Ahmad Adib Pishavari used the term for the first time. The term is used several times in Iranian society, media, and newspapers. In Persian and many other languages, fox is symbol of sly and cunning character and refers to cunning person who put you in a tricky situation. The term and its anti-British concept is used in anti-British poet for the first time by Seyyed Ahmad Adib Pishavari (1844-1930), philosopher and poet. When Amad
Old fox
19235158
Old fox Old fox () is a term used by Iranians to describe Britain. Seyyed Ahmad Adib Pishavari used the term for the first time. The term is used several times in Iranian society, media, and newspapers. In Persian and many other languages, fox is symbol of sly and cunning character and refers to cunning person who put you in a tricky situation. The term and its anti-British concept is used in anti-British poet for the first time by Seyyed Ahmad Adib Pishavari (1844-1930), philosopher and poet. When Amad was young, his father and relatives were killed in war between
Old fox
11713314
as Long Term Evolution (LTE) two transmit element STTD is optionally applied just as above while there is also a 4-element option. [1] R. Thomas Derryberry et al. Nokia Research Center, "Transmit Diversity in 3G CDMA Systems" http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~jandrews/ee381k/EE381KTA/td_cdma.pdf [2] Texas Instruments: "Open loop downlink transmit diversity for TDD: STTD for TDD", 1999 http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/tsg_ran/wg1_rl1/TSGR1_05/Docs/Pdf/r1-99572.pdf Space-time block coding based transmit diversity Space-time block coding based transmit diversity (STTD) is a method of transmit diversity used in UMTS third-generation cellular systems. STTD is optional in the UTRAN air interface but mandatory for user equipment (UE). STTD utilizes space-time block code (STBC) in order
Space-time block coding based transmit diversity
3830707
to other particles (see the collision term for the latter treatment). Suppose at time "t" some number of particles all have position r within element formula_10 and momentum p within formula_15. If a force F instantly acts on each particle, then at time "t" + Δ"t" their position will be r + Δr = r + pΔ"t"/"m" and momentum p + Δp = p + FΔ"t". Then, in the absence of collisions, "f" must satisfy Note that we have used the fact that the phase space volume element formula_10 formula_15 is constant, which can be shown using Hamilton's equations (see
Boltzmann equation
9109137
complements and adjectival complements. It also has the additional function of “topicalization”, a term that means a certain element of a sentence is being emphasized as the topic of interest. Is: In English, italics (for text) and stress (for speech) are used to emphasize different elements of a sentence; one can also change the word order to put the emphasized element first. Scottish Gaelic, however, does not use stress and very rarely uses word order changes to create emphasis. Instead, it uses topicalization, for example when “a sentence with the verb is followed by the element topicalised” (MacAulay, 189). This
Scottish Gaelic grammar
4998393
The University of California, Berkeley was an early base for computer-based seismic analysis of structures, led by Professor Ray Clough (who coined the term finite element). Students included Ed Wilson, who went on to write the program SAP in 1970, an early "finite element analysis" program. Earthquake engineering has developed a lot since the early days, and some of the more complex designs now use special earthquake protective elements either just in the foundation (base isolation) or distributed throughout the structure. Analyzing these types of structures requires specialized explicit finite element computer code, which divides time into very small slices
Seismic analysis
6405454
Minor actinide The minor actinides are the actinide elements in used nuclear fuel other than uranium and plutonium, which are termed the major actinides. The minor actinides include neptunium (element 93), americium (element 95), curium (element 96), berkelium (element 97), californium (element 98), einsteinium (element 99), and fermium (element 100). The most important isotopes in spent nuclear fuel are neptunium-237, americium-241, americium-243, curium-242 through -248, and californium-249 through -252. Plutonium and the minor actinides will be responsible for the bulk of the radiotoxicity and heat generation of used nuclear fuel in the medium term (300 to 20,000 years in the
Minor actinide
3595883
models and also defines the extension to the OSI state/status attributes that is necessary to meet the telecommunications needs of the service providers. A concept of the network element as a distributed entity is widely used in TMN model which in turn is used as a standard for developing element management systems. Network element In computer networks, a network element is a manageable logical entity uniting one or more physical devices. This allows distributed devices to be managed in a unified way using one management system. According to the Telecommunications Act of 1996, the term 'network element' means a facility
Network element
5116733
flow discount rate, which in turn yields the capitalization rate. The figures used in the Build-Up Method are derived from various sources. This method is called a "build-up" method because it is the sum of risks associated with various classes of assets. It is based on the principle that investors would require a greater return on classes of assets that are more risky. The first element of a Build-Up capitalization rate is the risk-free rate, which is the rate of return for long-term government bonds. Investors who buy large-cap equity stocks, which are inherently more risky than long-term government bonds,
Business valuation
3518562
Preverb Although not widely accepted in linguistics, the term preverb is used in Caucasian (including all three families: Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Kartvelian), Caddoan, Athabaskan, and Algonquian linguistics to describe certain elements prefixed to verbs. In the context of Indo-European languages, the term is usually used for separable verb prefixes. Theoretically, any prefix could be called a preverbal element. However, in practice, the term "preverb" applies more narrowly in those families and refers to a prefixed element that is normally outside the premise of verbal morphology like locations of noun elements or, less often, noun elements themselves. In Northwest
Preverb
18772881
with the term "heavy element". For example, in discussing the history of nuclear chemistry, Magee notes that the actinides were once thought to represent a new heavy element transition group whereas Seaborg and co-workers "favoured ... a heavy metal rare-earth like series ...". In astronomy, however, a heavy element is any element heavier than hydrogen and helium. In 2002, Scottish toxicologist John Duffus reviewed the definitions used over the previous 60 years and concluded they were so diverse as to effectively render the term meaningless. Along with this finding, the heavy metal status of some metals is occasionally challenged on
Heavy metals
3833768
for baby boys and in 2010 the 40th, according to the Central Statistics Office in Ireland. In the form "Taig" the name is used as a term of derogatory abuse for an Irish Catholic. The commonly accepted meaning of Tadhg is "poet" or "storyteller". The ultimate derivation is from the Celtic "*tazg(j)o-", who were poets in early Celtic society. In any case, the related name element "Tasgo-", "Tasco-", or "Taxo-" is widely attested in Gaulish and early British names around the time of the Roman conquest (see, e.g., Tasgetius, Tasciovanus, Moritasgus). When the whole of Ireland was part of the
Tadhg
4621404
an essential element of extraocular eye muscle coordination. Johann Benedict Listing Johann Benedict Listing (25 July 1808 – 24 December 1882) was a German mathematician. J. B. Listing was born in Frankfurt and died in Göttingen. He first introduced the term "topology", in a famous article published in 1847, although he had used the term in correspondence some years earlier. He (independently) discovered the properties of the half-twisted strip at the same time (1858) as August Ferdinand Möbius, and went further in exploring the properties of strips with higher-order twists (paradromic rings). He discovered topological invariants which came to be
Johann Benedict Listing
8881302
stores quaternion as an array following the convention used in (Wertz 1980) and (Markley 2003). An alternative definition used for example in (Coutsias 1999) and (Schmidt 2001) defines the "scalar" term as the first quaternion element, with the other elements shifted down one position. In terms of the Euler axis and angle this versor's components are expressed as follows: Inspection shows that the quaternion parametrization obeys the following constraint: The last term (in our definition) is often called the scalar term, which has its origin in quaternions when understood as the mathematical extension of the complex numbers, written as and
Rotation formalisms in three dimensions
21554
2036, so that the element with index "i" has the address 2000 + 4 × "i". The memory address of the first element of an array is called first address or foundation address. Because the mathematical concept of a matrix can be represented as a two-dimensional grid, two-dimensional arrays are also sometimes called matrices. In some cases the term "vector" is used in computing to refer to an array, although tuples rather than vectors are the more mathematically correct equivalent. Tables are often implemented in the form of arrays, especially lookup tables; the word "table" is sometimes used as a
Array data structure
3798702
often used to refer to fans. Similarly, in Australian rules football, 18 players are on the field and the fans are often referred to as the 19th man. The term has a different meaning in cricket, referring instead to the first substitute player who fields when a member of the fielding side is injured (the term 6th man has a similar connotation in basketball). The presence of fans can have a profound impact on how the teams perform, an element in the home advantage. Namely, the home team fans would like to see their team win the game. Thus these
12th man (football)
3243831
Scott domain In the mathematical fields of order and domain theory, a Scott domain is an algebraic, bounded-complete cpo. It has been named in honour of Dana S. Scott, who was the first to study these structures at the advent of domain theory. Scott domains are very closely related to algebraic lattices, being different only in possibly lacking a greatest element. They are also closely related to Scott information systems, which constitute a "syntactic" representation of Scott domains. While the term "Scott domain" is widely used with the above definition, the term "domain" does not have such a generally accepted
Scott domain
5945219
so commonly used terms, if they are still precise, are always preferred. Sometimes your system may have cultural norms and assumptions in the definitions. For example if your "Person" data element tracked characters in a science fiction series that included aliens you may need a more general term other than "human being". Data element definition In metadata, a data element definition is a human readable phrase or sentence associated with a data element within a data dictionary that describes the meaning or semantics of a data element. Data element definitions are critical for external users of any data system. Good
Data element definition
4388383
Holy See of Rome in 1724. "Melkite", from the Syriac word "malkā" for "King" and the Arabic word "Malakī" (, meaning "royal", and by extension, "imperial"), was originally a pejorative term for Middle Eastern Christians who accepted the authority of the Council of Chalcedon (451) and the Byzantine Emperor, a term applied to them by non-Chalcedonians. Of the Chalcedonian churches, Greek Catholics continue to use the term, while Eastern Orthodox do not. The "Greek" element signifies the Byzantine Rite heritage of the church, the liturgy used by all the Eastern Orthodox Churches. The term "Catholic" acknowledges communion with the Church
Melkite Greek Catholic Church
389298
ratio of a single reaction has to be calculated from the molecular masses of the reactants and products. In practice, due to the existence of isotopes, molar masses are used instead when calculating the mass ratio. The term "stoichiometry" was first used by Jeremias Benjamin Richter in 1792 when the first volume of Richter's "Stoichiometry or the Art of Measuring the Chemical Elements" was published. The term is derived from the Ancient Greek words "stoicheion" "element" and "metron" "measure". In patristic Greek, the word "Stoichiometria" was used by Nicephorus to refer to the number of line counts of the canonical
Stoichiometry
13362052
Weak inverse In mathematics, the term weak inverse is used with several meanings. In the theory of semigroups, a weak inverse of an element "x" in a semigroup is an element "y" such that . If every element has a weak inverse, the semigroup is called an "E"-inversive or "E"-dense semigroup. An "E"-inversive semigroup may equivalently be defined by requiring that for every element , there exists such that and are idempotents. An element "x" of "S" for which there is an element "y" of "S" such that is called regular. A regular semigroup is a semigroup in which every
Weak inverse
8801095
companies. Since these times the phrase "to open the ball" has become a figure of speech for initiating an activity which will be subsequently continued by others. The term has been used in descriptions of battle scenes. First dance The first dance is an element in a number of traditions, being an opening of a certain dance function: ball, prom, wedding, etc. In the context of balls, the term "first dance" has two meanings. At various formal balls the first dance was led by the guest of honor, which was usually the person of the highest social position in a
First dance
5226448
Coercion (linguistics) In linguistics, coercion is a term applied to a process of reinterpretation that is triggered by a mismatch between the semantic properties of a selector and the semantic properties of the selected element. The term was first used in the semantic literature by Marc Moens and Mark Steedman, who adopted it on "loose analogy with type-coercion in programming languages". In the framework of the generative lexicon (a formal compositional approach to lexical semantics), Pustejovsky (1995:111) defines coercion as "a semantic operation that converts an argument to the type which is expected by a function, where it would otherwise
Coercion (linguistics)
4933845
"parodia", which came from the Greek παρῳδία, a burlesque poem or song. However, in the context of European music, the "burlesque" element did not at first apply. The earliest musical application of this Greek term was only in 1587, on the title-page of a parody mass by the German composer Jakob Paix, as the equivalent of the previously usual Latin expressions "missa ad imitationem" or "missa super …", which were used to acknowledge the source of borrowed musical material. Such preferences for Greek terms was a product of Renaissance humanism which was strong in Germany by that time, though the
Parody music
7719070
told later – a silver or gilt token on a ribbon around the neck showed them as independent and dominant. There may also have been an element of mockery of the church, as mendicant monks also used such implements. In using words like noble and nobility one should not suppose that those folks in general all behaved according to our understanding of this term. Sometimes the lower Flemish nobility of the 16th century might be better characterized by “successful criminals”. When Charles V went for the first time went to Spain in 1517 and did not land on the preselected
Geuzen medals
2920223
types of saltpeter (only nitrated salts were good for making gunpowder) by the time niter and its derivative nitric acid were first used to name the element nitrogen, in 1790. Niter Niter, or nitre (chiefly British), is the mineral form of potassium nitrate, KNO, also known as saltpeter or saltpetre. Historically, the term "niter" was not well differentiated from natron, both of which have been very vaguely defined but generally refer to compounds of sodium or potassium joined with carbonate or nitrate ions. Related minerals are soda niter (sodium nitrate), ammonia niter or gwihabaite (ammonium nitrate), nitrostrontianite (strontium nitrate), nitrocalcite
Niter
442226
chemical element. It pre-dates the similar-sounding IUPAC systematic element names, such as ununennium. An alternative spelling, unobtanium is sometimes used based on the spelling of metals such as titanium. Since the late 1950s, aerospace engineers have used the term ""unobtainium"" when referring to unusual or costly materials, or when theoretically considering a material perfect for their needs in all respects, except that it does not exist. By the 1990s, the term was in wide use, even in formal engineering papers such as "Towards unobtainium <nowiki>[</nowiki>new composite materials for space applications<nowiki>]</nowiki>." The word "unobtainium" may well have been coined in the
Unobtainium
13448652
Antoine Meillet, who used the term 'spiral'. There are three stages, labelled I, II and III: In Stage I, negation is expressed by a single pre-verbal element: (Examples from different periods of French, all from ): In Stage II both a preverbal and a postverbal element are obligatory: In Stage III the original preverbal element becomes optional or is lost altogether: French is well known to use a bipartite negative, e.g. "Je "ne" sais "pas"" = "I don't know", lit. "I not know not". Welsh has a very similar pattern, ""Ni" wn i "ddim", literally "Not know I nothing". In
Jespersen's Cycle
5180967
Hotpants Hotpants, hot pants, or booty shorts describe extremely short shorts, which may be worn by women and, to a lesser extent, by men. The term was first used by "Women's Wear Daily" in 1970 to describe shorts made in luxury fabrics such as velvet and satin for fashionable wear, rather than their more practical equivalents that had been worn for sports or leisure since the 1930s. The term has since become a generic term for any pair of extremely short shorts. While hotpants were briefly a very popular element of mainstream fashion in the early 1970s, by the mid-1970s
Hotpants
4789492
growth rate: For n = 3: For comparison: In contrast to CAGR, you cannot obtain formula_3 by multiplying the initial value, formula_2, three times by (1 + AMR) (unless all annual growth rates are the same). These are some of the common CAGR applications: Compound annual growth rate Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered
Compound annual growth rate
13362054
inverse is called a 2-group. Weak inverse In mathematics, the term weak inverse is used with several meanings. In the theory of semigroups, a weak inverse of an element "x" in a semigroup is an element "y" such that . If every element has a weak inverse, the semigroup is called an "E"-inversive or "E"-dense semigroup. An "E"-inversive semigroup may equivalently be defined by requiring that for every element , there exists such that and are idempotents. An element "x" of "S" for which there is an element "y" of "S" such that is called regular. A regular semigroup is
Weak inverse
12431516
man", via the reduced form "irokue". Day proposes a hypothetical Montagnais phrase "irno kwédač", meaning "a man, an Iroquois", as the origin of this term. For the first element "irno", Day cites cognates from other attested Montagnais dialects: "irinou", "iriniȣ", and "ilnu"; and for the second element "kwédač" he suggests a relation to "kouetakiou", "kȣetat-chiȣin", and "goéṭètjg" – names used by neighboring Algonquian tribes to refer to the Iroquois, Hurons, and Laurentians. More recently, Peter Bakker has proposed a Basque origin for "Iroquois". Basque fishermen and whalers are known to have frequented the waters of the Northeast in the 1500s,
Iroquois
9060113
1942 as a shortening of the noun "psychopath", but it is also used as shorthand for psychotic or crazed. The media usually uses the term "psychopath" to designate any criminal whose offenses are particularly abhorrent and unnatural, but that is not its original or general psychiatric meaning. The word element "socio"- has been commonly used in compound words since around 1880. The term "sociopathy" may have been first introduced in 1909 in Germany by biological psychiatrist Karl Birnbaum and in 1930 in the US by educational psychologist George E. Partridge, as an alternative to the concept of "psychopathy". It was
Psychopathy
14430210
relationships, often found in the Singapore mathematics curriculum. Number bonds consist of a minimum of 3 circles that are connected by lines. The “whole” is written in the first circle and its “parts” are written in the adjoining circles. Number bonds are used to build deeper understanding of math facts. The term "number bond" is sometimes derided as a piece of unnecessary new mathematical jargon, adding an element of pointless abstraction or incomprehensibility for those not familiar with it (such as children's parents) to a subject even as simple as primary school addition. The term has been used at least
Number bond
5706803
to understand how the remote system may differentiate two distinct records. Representation Terms are also used to make inferences about the requirements of a property. For example, if a data stream had Data Element PersonBirthDateAndTime you would know that BOTH the date AND time are available and relevant, not just the date. If the birth time was optional, a separate data elements should be used such as PersonBirthDate and PersonBirthTime. When creating a data warehouse, a business analyst looks at the Representation Terms to quickly find the dimensions and measures of a subject matter in order to build OLAP cubes.
Representation term
12465610
not undercover. SOCOM, under then Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, first deployed MLEs in 2003 under the name "Operational Control Elements" a term changed in 2005 because it was considered inappropriate and unpolitic by regional commanders and ambassadors. MLEs were first introduced to the general public by a New York Times expose. Military Liaison Element A military liaison element (MLE) is small group of special forces personnel, sometimes just one or two at a time, attached to embassies in Africa, Southeast Asia, South America, or elsewhere that terrorists are thought to be operating, planning attacks, raising money or seeking safe
Military Liaison Element
14367516
Gunnr Gunnr (alternatively "guðr") is an Old Norse term meaning "battle". It is the name of a valkyrie in Norse mythology, and was also used as a feminine given name. The modern forms "Gun" and "Gunn" remain in use as a feminine given name in Scandinavia. The word is from Proto-Germanic "*gunþiz", which is a common element of Germanic names not only in North but also in West Germanic, as second element especially frequent in feminine names (as in Hildegund), as first element also in masculine names (as in Gunther). The earliest attestation of the name is on the Rök
Gunnr
14300737
Intermède Intermède (also intermédie, intramède, entremets) is a French term for a musical or theatrical performance involving song and dance, also an 18th-century opera genre. The context in which the 'intermède' was performed has changed over time. During the 16th century they were court entertainments in which ballet was an important element. The intermède was sometimes given between the acts of spoken plays, especially in the 17th century when they were performed with the works of Pierre Corneille and Jean Racine. During the 18th century, the term was used for the Italian genre of opera called intermezzo as performed in
Intermède
6951298
of Saltfjellet-Svartisen national park, located in the Saltfjell mountain range. Water from the glacier is collected and used for hydropower production via runoff into the streams and lakes and through intakes borred beneath Engabreen. The first element is "svart" 'swart, black', the last element is the finite form of "is" m 'ice; glacier'. The old ice of the glacier is considerably darker than fresh ice and newfallen snow. Svartisen Svartisen is a collective term for two glaciers located in northern Norway. The system consists of two separate glaciers, There are also a number of minor glaciers in the area, such
Svartisen
3693149
the 19th century. In 1893 the Crompton and Co. firm in the United Kingdom started featuring electric kettles in their catalogue. However, these first electric kettles were quite primitive as the heating element couldn't be immersed in the water. Instead, a separate compartment underneath the water storage area in the kettle was used to house the electric heating element. The design was inefficient even relative to the conventional stove-top kettles of the time. In 1922, the problem was finally solved by Leslie Large, an engineer working at Bulpitt & Sons of Birmingham who designed an element of wire wound around
Kettle
6193961
the work do not have even a melodic theme or motive to hold them together, but rather depend on the strength of this conceptualization of time. The second movement does have some sort of melodic element. A fragment of a twelve-tone row is used, with durations based on the Fibonacci sequence. (This integer sequence is nothing new to music: it was used often by Bartók, among others.) One interesting property of the Fibonacci sequence is that the further into the infinite sequence one looks, the closer the ratio of a term to its preceding term comes to the Golden Section;
Metastaseis (Xenakis)
5706799
Representation term A representation term is a word, or a combination of words, that semantically represent the data type (value domain) of a data element. A representation term is commonly referred to as a "class word" by those familiar with data dictionaries. ISO/IEC 11179-5:2005 defines "representation term" as a "designation of an instance of a representation class" As used in ISO/IEC 11179, the representation term is that part of a data element name that provides a semantic pointer to the underlying data type. A "Representation class" is a class of representations. This "representation class" provides a way to classify or
Representation term
2908771
by that time, Sanok also was the seat of a starosta, who resided in a castle. The term Sanok Land, used to describe a separate administrative unit, appears for the first time in the mid-14th century, after the annexation of Red Ruthenia by the Kingdom of Poland. In 1359, the Latin language term "castellania Sanocensi" was used, while in 1363, the village of Radoszyce was mentioned as the one which belonged to “districtu Sanocensi”. In 1369, the term "terra Sanocensi" was used in documents. In 1384, several local villages were described as being under jurisdiction of "castrum Sanocense". The Land
Sanok Land
5882123
expressed as: Where Person is the Object=Person, Property=Given and Representation term="Name". In this case the optional qualifier is not used. Data element name A data element name is a name given to a data element in, for example, a data dictionary or metadata registry. In a formal data dictionary, there is often a requirement that no two data elements may have the same name, to allow the data element name to become an identifier, though some data dictionaries may provide ways to qualify the name in some way, for example by the application system or other context in which it
Data element name
1719276
said that "Toyota Production System is often mistakenly referred to as the 'Kanban System'", and pointed out that kanban is but one element of TPS, as well as JIT production. But the wide use of the term "JIT manufacturing" throughout the 1980s faded fast in the 1990s, as the new term "lean manufacturing" became established as "a more recent name for JIT". As just one testament to the commonality of the two terms, "Toyota production system (TPS)" has been and is widely used as a synonym for both JIT and lean manufacturing. The exact reasons for adoption of JIT in
Just-in-time manufacturing
548077
would later be subject of much research. Then in 1988 John H. Werren and colleagues wrote the first major empirical review of the topic. This paper achieved three things. First, it coined the term selfish genetic element, putting an end to a sometimes confusingly diverse terminology (selfish genes, ultra-selfish genes, selfish DNA, parasitic DNA, genomic outlaws). Second, it formally defined the concept of selfish genetic elements. Finally, it was the first paper to bring together all different kinds of selfish genetic elements known at the time (genomic imprinting, for example, was not covered). In the late 1980s, most molecular biologists
Selfish genetic element
3937057
neutral term nerf, gimp in this usage often implies that the rule change unfairly disadvantages the target. A nerf is a change to a game that reduces the desirability or effectiveness of a particular game element. The term is also used as a verb for the act of making such a change. The first established use of the term was in "Ultima Online", as a reference to the Nerf brand of toys whose bullets are soft and less likely to cause serious injury. Among game developers, MMORPG designers are especially likely to nerf aspects of a game in order to
Game balance
18866874
2013 the BBC reported that the hashtag #MeninistTwitter was being used on Twitter, first to share jokes about feminism, but later to share more serious difficulties facing modern men. In 2015, Nolan Feeney of "Time" reported that those who used meninist hashtags "generally fall in two camps: people who use the term to call out ways they believe they’ve been victimised by feminism, and people who make fun of the first group for not understanding what feminism means in the first place". Antifeminism is also associated with terms like Meninism The term has partially evolved into a movement promoting awareness
Meninism
2696834
discovers that the traitor's entire flight has been a fantasy revealed through an extended use of psychological time. A particularly engaging and sometimes bewildering use of psychological character perception accurs in Memento (2000), a film about a man who is searching for his wife's murderer. The search is complicated by the fact that the man has lost his short-term memory. Events come and go on the screen without their meaning being clear at first revelation. Psychological time is a distinguishing element in Shane Carruth's 2013 experimental science-fiction film "Upstream Color". Avoiding a well-made narrative structure, the plot of Upstream Color
Film transition
4933665
of the term promotion to refer to "advertising or publicity" is very modern and is first recorded in 1925. It may be a contraction of a related term, "sales promotion," which is one element in the larger set of tools used in marketing communications. The terms, "promotion" and "marketing communications" can be used synonymously, but in practice, the latter is more widely used. There are three objectives of promotion. These are: The purpose of a promotion and thus its promotional plan can have a wide range, including: sales increases, new product acceptance, creation of brand equity, positioning, competitive retaliations, or
Promotion (marketing)
5228053
readily represented in matrix form and obey the rules of matrix algebra. The first published description of S-parameters was in the thesis of Vitold Belevitch in 1945. The name used by Belevitch was "repartition matrix" and limited consideration to lumped-element networks. The term "scattering matrix" was used by physicist and engineer Robert Henry Dicke in 1947 who independently developed the idea during wartime work on radar. The technique was popularized in the 1960s by Kaneyuki Kurokawa In the S-parameter approach, an electrical network is regarded as a 'black box' containing various interconnected basic electrical circuit components or lumped elements such
Scattering parameters
16439729
Aesthetic work to supplant the human element, replacing it with digital automation, effectively removing living labor from the production process. One movement that draws parallels to "New Aesthetic" is "Seapunk". New Aesthetic The New Aesthetic is a term, coined by James Bridle, used to refer to the increasing appearance of the visual language of digital technology and the Internet in the physical world, and the blending of virtual and physical. The phenomenon has been around for a long time but James Bridle articulated the notion through a series of talks and observations. The term gained wider attention following a panel
New Aesthetic
1595140
Cliché A cliché or cliche ( or ) is an expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has become overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect, even to the point of being trite or irritating, especially when at some earlier time it was considered meaningful or novel. In phraseology, the term has taken on a more technical meaning, referring to an expression imposed by conventionalized linguistic usage. The term is frequently used in modern culture for an action or idea that is expected or predictable, based on a prior event. Typically pejorative, "clichés" may
Cliché
7446768
element in some fixed sequence. This continues until the first element is reached, at which time the polling cycle starts all over again. Polling can be employed in various computing contexts in order to control the execution or transmission sequence of the elements involved. For example, in multitasking operating systems, polling can be used to allocate processor time and other resources to the various competing processes. In networks, polling is used to determine which nodes want to access the network. It is also used by routing protocols to retrieve routing information, as is the case with EGP (exterior gateway protocol).
Polling (computer science)
10249225
Transient (computer programming) In computer programming, transient is a property of any element in the system that is temporary. The term applies to "transient applications", i.e. software for the end-user which is displayed with a transient application posture; "transient data", which is discarded after it is no longer needed by the computation; and "transient code" which are subroutines or software components that are loaded in the system only for a fraction of the total run time. Examples of applications of the term are described below. In the Java programming language, codice_1 is a keyword used as a field modifier. When
Transient (computer programming)
4789490
Compound annual growth rate Compound annual growth rate (CAGR) is a business and investing specific term for the geometric progression ratio that provides a constant rate of return over the time period. CAGR is not an accounting term, but it is often used to describe some element of the business, for example revenue, units delivered, registered users, etc. CAGR dampens the effect of volatility of periodic returns that can render arithmetic means irrelevant. It is particularly useful to compare growth rates from various data sets of common domain such as revenue growth of companies in the same industry. CAGR is
Compound annual growth rate
1650367
in 1828 and was first used as a professional title by Frederick Law Olmsted in 1863. During the latter 19th century, the term landscape architect became used by professional people who designed landscapes. Frederick Law Olmsted used the term 'landscape architecture' as a profession for the first time when designing Central Park, New York City, US. Here the combination of traditional landscape gardening and the emerging field of city planning gave landscape architecture its unique focus. This use of the term landscape architect became established after Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. and others founded the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA)
Landscape
1294722
element. Many improvements followed, a significant advance being made just two years later by Friedrich Wöhler, whose slightly modified procedure still yielded an impure product. The first pure sample of aluminium is credited to Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville, who substituted sodium for potassium in the procedure. At that time aluminium was considered precious, and it was displayed next to such metals as gold and silver. The method used today, electrolysis of aluminium oxide dissolved in cryolite, was developed by Charles Martin Hall and Paul Héroult in the late 1880s. Thallium, the heaviest stable element in the boron group, was discovered
Boron group
7974275
element, where the description is paired with the language to be used. Additional elements within a term include "media descriptors", which are one or more media files to supplement a term’s description; and "metadata", which is used to describe the vocabulary further. The "relationship" container defines a relationship between terms by identifying the two terms and the specifying type or relationship, such as a term being broader or narrower than another. The term used to specify the type of relationship may conform to the ISO standards for thesauri. "Vocabulary identifiers" are unique, persistent URIs, whereas term or relationship identifiers are
IMS VDEX
5386634
Rijndael MixColumns The MixColumns operation performed by the Rijndael cipher, along with the ShiftRows step, is the primary source of diffusion in Rijndael. Each column is treated as a four-term polynomial formula_1, where the coefficients are element over formula_2, and is then multiplied modulo formula_3 with a fixed polynomial formula_4; the inverse of this polynomial is formula_5. The operation consists in the modular multiplication of two four-term polynomials whose coefficients are elements of formula_2. The modulo used for this operation is formula_3. The first four-term polynomial coefficients are defined by the state column formula_8, which contains four bytes. Each byte
Rijndael MixColumns
5567429
carbon nanotubes, single-electron tunneling devices, quantum dots, and molecular nanotechnology. C-element The Muller C-element (C-gate, hysteresis flip-flop, or sometimes coincident flip-flop, two-hand safety circuit) is a small digital block widely used in design of asynchronous circuits and systems. It has been specified formally in 1955 by David E. Muller and first used in ILLIAC II computer. In terms of the theory of lattices, the C-element is a semimodular distributive circuit, whose operation in time is described by a Hasse diagram. The C-element is closely related to the "rendezvous" and "join" elements, where an input is not allowed to change twice
C-element
5567421
C-element The Muller C-element (C-gate, hysteresis flip-flop, or sometimes coincident flip-flop, two-hand safety circuit) is a small digital block widely used in design of asynchronous circuits and systems. It has been specified formally in 1955 by David E. Muller and first used in ILLIAC II computer. In terms of the theory of lattices, the C-element is a semimodular distributive circuit, whose operation in time is described by a Hasse diagram. The C-element is closely related to the "rendezvous" and "join" elements, where an input is not allowed to change twice in succession. In some cases, when relations between delays are
C-element
14556133
line of propagation of radiation lies in a semi-transparent medium which varies continuously in its optical properties. The concept refers to an area, projected from the element of source area into a plane at right angles to the line of propagation, and to an element of solid angle subtended by the detector at the element of source area. The term "brightness" is also sometimes been used for this concept. The SI system states that the word brightness should not be so used, but should instead refer only to psychophysics. The specific (radiative) intensity is a quantity that describes the rate
Specific radiative intensity
340100
Quisling "Quisling" (; ) is a term originating in Norway, which is used in Scandinavian languages and in English for a person who collaborates with an enemy occupying force – or more generally as a synonym for traitor. The word originates from the surname of the Norwegian war-time leader Vidkun Quisling, who headed a domestic Nazi collaborationist regime during World War II. Use of Quisling's surname as a term predates World War II. The first recorded use of the term was by Norwegian Labour Party politician Oscar Torp in a 2 January 1933 newspaper interview, where he used it as
Quisling
158477
light "above" (the term is not to be understood spatially) our world, occupied by spiritual beings such as aeons (eternal beings) and sometimes archons. Jesus is interpreted as an intermediary aeon who was sent from the pleroma, with whose aid humanity can recover the lost knowledge of the divine origins of humanity. The term is thus a central element of Gnostic cosmology. Pleroma is also used in the general Greek language, and is used by the Greek Orthodox church in this general form, since the word appears in the book of Colossians. Proponents of the view that Paul was actually
Gnosticism
69313
name "halogen", meaning "salt producer", was originally used for chlorine in 1811 by Johann Salomo Christoph Schweigger. This term was later used as a generic term to describe all the elements in the chlorine family (fluorine, bromine, iodine), after a suggestion by Jöns Jakob Berzelius in 1826. In 1823, Michael Faraday liquefied chlorine for the first time, and demonstrated that what was then known as "solid chlorine" had a structure of chlorine hydrate (Cl·HO). Chlorine gas was first used by French chemist Claude Berthollet to bleach textiles in 1785. Modern bleaches resulted from further work by Berthollet, who first produced
Chlorine
6591224
languages, the semantics and effect of HTML codice_6 is different from the use of an initial colon in a paragraph, which may be translated into an HTML codice_13 element enclosed within a codice_14 element. (That is a "data definition" within a "definition list", without there being any preceding "data term" or codice_15 element). Blockquote element In HTML and XHTML, the blockquote element defines "a section [within a document] that is quoted from another source". The syntax is codice_1. The codice_2 element is used to indicate the quotation of a large section of text from another source. Using the default HTML
Blockquote element
196750
Identity element In mathematics, an identity element or neutral element is a special type of element of a set with respect to a binary operation on that set, which leaves other elements unchanged when combined with them. This concept is used in algebraic structures such as groups and rings. The term "identity element" is often shortened to "identity" (as will be done in this article) when there is no possibility of confusion, but the identity implicitly depends on the binary operation it is associated with. Let be a set with a binary operation ∗ on it. Then an element of
Identity element
2716239
of the non-trivial conjugacy classes. For example, the center of S is just the trivial group with the single element "e", and the equation reads |S| = 1+2+3. Order (group theory) In group theory, a branch of mathematics, the term "order" is used in two unrelated senses: This article is about the first sense of order. The order of a group "G" is denoted by ord("G") or and the order of an element "a" is denoted by ord("a") or . Example. The symmetric group S has the following Cayley table. This group has six elements, so . By definition, the
Order (group theory)
1424960
ease. Uruk-hai The Uruk-hai are fictional characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth. They are introduced in "The Lord of the Rings" as an advanced breed of Orcs that serve Sauron and Saruman. The first uruks appeared out of Mordor in attacks on Gondor in . The name "Uruk-hai" has the element "Uruk", which is a Black Speech word related to "Orc", related to the word "Urko" in Tolkien's invented language of Quenya. The element "hai" means "folk", so "Uruk-hai" is "Orc-folk". A similar term is "Olog-hai" ("troll-folk"), used for a breed of especially strong and vicious
Uruk-hai
1424949
Uruk-hai The Uruk-hai are fictional characters in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe of Middle-earth. They are introduced in "The Lord of the Rings" as an advanced breed of Orcs that serve Sauron and Saruman. The first uruks appeared out of Mordor in attacks on Gondor in . The name "Uruk-hai" has the element "Uruk", which is a Black Speech word related to "Orc", related to the word "Urko" in Tolkien's invented language of Quenya. The element "hai" means "folk", so "Uruk-hai" is "Orc-folk". A similar term is "Olog-hai" ("troll-folk"), used for a breed of especially strong and vicious trolls
Uruk-hai
16389793
along with the screenshots or videos; video-based playthroughs would typically be presented without significant editing to maintain the raw response the players had to the game. The presenter would also often poll the readers or viewers to certain in-game decisions as to provide an element of interactivity for longer games. Though others had used the same approach at the time, the forums at the website Something Awful are credited with coming up with the term "Let's Play" in 2007 to describe such playthroughs. The exact origins of the term are unclear, but believed to be in reference to a screenshot
Let's Play
9450800
first term can be included in the zero of energy. Thus, The classical vibrational kinetic energy has the form: where "g" is an element of the metric tensor of the internal (curvilinear) coordinates. The dots indicate time derivatives. Mixed terms formula_3 generally present in curvilinear coordinates are not present here, because only linear coordinate transformations are used. Evaluation of the metric tensor g in the minimum q of "V" gives the positive definite and symmetric matrix G = g(q). One can solve the two matrix problems simultaneously, since they are equivalent to the generalized eigenvalue problem where formula_6 where "f"
GF method