who was president of the united states immediately following world war i
Thomas Woodrow Wilson
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Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the President of Princeton University from 1902 to 1910, and as Governor of New Jersey from 1911 to 1913, before winning the 1912 presidential election. As president, he oversaw the passage of progressive legislative policies unparalleled until the New Deal in 1933. He also led the United States during World War I, establishing an activist foreign policy known as
Woodrow Wilson
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came under pressure from Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, and from former President Theodore Roosevelt, who demanded a declaration of war on Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria, as Germany's allies. President Wilson drafted a statement to Congress in December 1917 which said "I... recommend that Congress immediately declare the United States in a state of war with Austria-Hungary, with Turkey and with Bulgaria". But after further consultations decision on war against Germany's other allies was postponed. American entry into World War I The American entry into World War I came in April 1917, after more than two and a half years of
American entry into World War I
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worked in the Office of War Information. The following year he wrote a second book, "The Killing of the Peace", a synopsis of the failed bid to get the United States to join the League of Nations immediately following World War I. Cranston, a supporter of world government, attended the 1945 conference that led to the Dublin Declaration, and became president of the World Federalist Association in 1948. He successfully pushed for his state's legislature to pass the 1949 World Federalist California Resolution, calling on Congress to amend the Constitution to allow U.S. participation in a federal world government. Also
Alan Cranston
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USS Taylor (DD-94) USS "Taylor" (DD-94) was a built in 1918 for the United States Navy, which saw service in World War I and the years following. She was named for Rear Admiral Henry Taylor. One of 111 ships of her class, "Taylor" was commissioned near the end of World War I and patrolled in the Atlantic Ocean during and immediately following the war, though she saw no service supporting the war. After eight years out of commission, she returned to service in 1930 patrolling along the East Coast of the United States and in Latin America. Decommissioned in 1938,
USS Taylor (DD-94)
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younger Hutcheson apprenticed as a carpenter in 1914 and served in the United States Navy in World War I. After the war, he returned to carpentry. He was appointed a financial auditor for the international union in 1928, and was elected an international vice president in 1938. After the death of his father, who was president of the Carpenters' union, he was elected president. Hutcheson immediately withdrew the Carpenters from the American Federation of Labor (AFL) when, shortly after his election, the AFL signed a no-raid agreement with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). However, he reaffiliated the union just
Maurice Hutcheson
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runners. Some were to make the attempt from Australia or Java, but some were to make the attempt directly from the United States. One recommendation, carried directly to the President of the United States, was the acquisition by bareboat charter and use of three World War I destroyers that had been converted to fast banana carriers, one immediately available in New Orleans. Cargos for two other vessels, then in the Caribbean, were to be sent to await their availability in New Orleans. Delays occurred, but "Masaya" departed New Orleans on 2 March 1942 with "Matagalpa" following on 11 March and
USS Dale (DD-290)
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Haiti during World War I Following the United States declaration of war on Germany (1917), the Haitian government protested against the heavy German U-boat submarine activity in the area, and officially declared war on July 12, 1918. The United States occupation of Haiti began on July 28, 1915, when 330 US Marines landed at the Haitian capital city of Port-au-Prince, on the authority of United States President Woodrow Wilson. The July Intervention took place after the murder of dictator President Vilbrun Guillaume Sam by insurgents angered by his political executions of his political opponents. Vilbrun Guillaume Sam (March 4, 1859
Haiti during World War I
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Wilson Line. USS Patricia (1899) USS "Patricia" was a troop transport of the United States Navy immediately after World War I. She was originally the German steamship SS "Patricia", a 14,446 gross ton passenger liner built in 1899 by Aktiengesellschaft Vulkan, Stettin, Germany, for the Hamburg-America Packet Steamship Company. Following the World War I Armistice she was temporarily allocated to the United States on 26 March 1919 for use by the U.S. Army to bring service personnel home from the former European war zone. She was placed in commission on 28 March 1919 as USS "Patricia" (with no identification number
USS Patricia (1899)
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USS Patricia (1899) USS "Patricia" was a troop transport of the United States Navy immediately after World War I. She was originally the German steamship SS "Patricia", a 14,446 gross ton passenger liner built in 1899 by Aktiengesellschaft Vulkan, Stettin, Germany, for the Hamburg-America Packet Steamship Company. Following the World War I Armistice she was temporarily allocated to the United States on 26 March 1919 for use by the U.S. Army to bring service personnel home from the former European war zone. She was placed in commission on 28 March 1919 as USS "Patricia" (with no identification number assigned), at
USS Patricia (1899)
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in New York, after he visited the devastated city of Selma, Alabama, immediately following the war in 1865: Parsons died on June 8, 1895, and is buried in the Oak Hill Cemetery, Talladega, Alabama. Parsons' son Lewis E. Parsons, Jr. (1846-1916) served as United States Attorney for the Northern District of Alabama. His grandson, James K. Parsons was a career United States Army officer who attained the rank of major general and received the Distinguished Service Cross for heroism in World War I. Lewis E. Parsons Lewis Eliphalet Parsons (28 April 1817 – 8 June 1895) was the appointed provisional
Lewis E. Parsons
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of the Triple Entente, Haiti was a victorious ally in 1918. The credit then returned to President Dartiguenave. Following the United States' entry into World War I, the Haitian government protested against the heavy German submarine activity in the area. Haiti expelled all Germans from the country and the German Empire broke off diplomatic relations with Port-au-Prince on June 16, 1917. A month after the United States declared war, Haitian President Dartiguenave asked the Haitian Congress for a declaration of war because of the destruction by a German submarine of a French steamer which had among its crew and passengers
Haiti during World War I
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President Donald J. Trump of the United States of America and Chairman Kim Jong-un of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea at the Singapore Summit in May 2018. Prior to World War II, Korea was one country for over one thousand years, known previously as Goryeo and Joseon. After World War II, Korea was divided into two countries along the 38th parallel (now the Korean Demilitarized Zone). North Korea was administered by the Soviet Union in the years immediately following the war, with South Korea being managed by the United States. In 1950, North Korea invaded the South, beginning the
Korean reunification
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him senseless to death and then threw his limp body over the embassy's iron fence to the waiting populace, who then ripped his body to pieces and paraded the part through the capital's neighborhoods. In two weeks the country was in chaos. Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave (1862 - 1926) was a lawyer propelled to power in Haiti as the twenty-seventh President of the Republic of Haiti (1915–1922)]]. He became the president after the Invasion of Haiti by the United States. Dartiguenave continued Haiti's participation in World War I alongside France and the United States in World War I. with the victory
Haiti during World War I
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1924 United States presidential election in Utah The 1924 United States presidential election in Utah took place on November 4, 1924. All contemporary forty-eight states took part, and Utah voters selected four voters to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Rapid recovery of the economy from a sharp recession following World War I transformed the 1920s into a strongly Republican decade. Even the problematic issue of a farm depression had eased by the time of the election as prices recovered. It was also widely thought that the Teapot Dome scandal could do nothing to revive the
1924 United States presidential election in Utah
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1924 United States presidential election in Washington (state) The 1924 United States presidential election in Washington took place on November 4, 1924. All contemporary forty-eight states took part, and Washington State's voters selected seven voters to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Rapid recovery of the economy from a sharp recession following World War I transformed the 1920s into a strongly Republican decade. Even the problematic issue of a farm depression had eased by the time of the election as prices recovered. It was also widely thought that the Teapot Dome scandal could do nothing to
1924 United States presidential election in Washington (state)
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German rubber industry. Both brothers lived and studied in America on and off immediately after World War I, but Carl elected to remain in the United States and Otto to return to Germany. They temporarily broke off relations during the 1940s because of Otto's allegiance to the Nazi party and prominent role in German industry during the Third Reich, but they reestablished contact after the end of World War II. In the 1920s, while a student in the United States, Carl founded, and was president of, the German Academic Exchange Service, through which he first met the love of his
Carl Joachim Friedrich
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and Bar of West Virginia" (1919), White "served faithfully and efficiently until the close of the war". Following the entry of the United States into World War I in 1917, White tendered his legal services to the United States Army and served in the Judge Advocate General's Corps. White had previously attempted to enter the service of the United States Army through its various training schools to serve in World War I, but he had been rebuffed each time due to his advanced age of 49. On December 6, 1917, White received "special permission" from United States President Woodrow Wilson
John Baker White (West Virginia politician)
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was common in non-communist countries. This was actually implemented for a short period. Later, however, Kosygin, who had been the chief negotiator with the First World during the 1960s, was hardly to be seen outside the Second World after Brezhnev strengthened his position within the Politburo. Kosygin did head the Soviet Glassboro Summit Conference delegation in 1967 with Lyndon B. Johnson, the then-current President of the United States. The summit was dominated by three issues: the Vietnam War, the Six-Day War and the Soviet–American arms race. Immediately following the summit at Glassboro, Kosygin headed the Soviet delegation to Cuba, where
History of the Soviet Union (1964–82)
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found it was less expensive to add more ties per mile than to buy heavier rail. During World War I, President Woodrow Wilson created the United States Railroad Administration to support the financially weak railroad industry. The USRA took control of pricing and standardization of crosstie sizes. Following World War I, tie demand contracted as railroads consolidated lines, used more preserved wood ties, and the Great Depression caused railroads to become bankrupt. During the Great Depression, the Federal Government of the United States again stepped in to control the price of forest products, including wood ties. During World War II,
Railway Tie Association
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Berlin), 19 to Belgium, nine to Switzerland, six to Austria, and five to the Netherlands. No president has yet visited Liechtenstein, Luxembourg or Monaco. United States presidential visits to Western Europe Thirteen United States presidents have made presidential visits to Western Europe. The first visits by an incumbent President to countries in Western Europe were made in 1918 and 19 by Woodrow Wilson in the aftermath of World War I. He was awarded the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize for his peacemaking efforts. Visits occurring during the 1940s through 1980s were offshoots of American diplomatic interactions following World War II and
United States presidential visits to Western Europe
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50, with Claude Kitchin, a senior Democrat, notably opposing it. Another opponent was Jeannette Rankin, who alone voted against entry into both World War I and World War II. Nearly all of the opposition came from the West and the Midwest. The United States Senate, in a 74 to 0 vote, declared war on Austria-Hungary on December 7, 1917, citing Austria-Hungary's severing of diplomatic relations with the United States, its use of unrestricted submarine warfare and its alliance with Germany. The declaration passed in the United States House of Representatives by a vote of 365 to 1. President Wilson also
American entry into World War I
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Counterintelligence Corps The United States Army Counter Intelligence Corps (Army CIC) was a World War II and early Cold War intelligence agency within the United States Army consisting of highly trained Special Agents. Its role was taken over by the U.S. Army Intelligence Corps in 1961 and, in 1967, by the U.S. Army Intelligence Agency. Its functions are now performed by its modern-day descendant organization; United States Army Counterintelligence. The National Counter Intelligence Corps Association (NCICA), a veterans' association, was established in the years immediately following World War II by Military Intelligence agents who had served in every area of
Counterintelligence Corps
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The Big Four (World War I) The Big Four or The Four Nations refer to the four top Allied powers of the World War I and their leaders who met at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919. The Big Four is also known as the Council of Four. It was composed of Woodrow Wilson of the United States, David Lloyd George of the United Kingdom, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando of Italy, and Georges Clemenceau of France. Woodrow Wilson (28 December 1856 – 3 February 1924) was elected President of the United States on the basis of domestic issues in 1912,
The Big Four (World War I)
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the Canadian military, Canada at that time being a Dominion of the British Empire. By 1915, Americans were paying much more attention to the war. The sinking of the "Lusitania" aroused furious denunciations of German brutality. By 1915, in Eastern cities a new "Preparedness" movement emerged. It argued that the United States needed to build up immediately strong naval and land forces for defensive purposes; an unspoken assumption was that America would fight sooner or later. The driving forces behind Preparedness were all Republicans, notably General Leonard Wood, ex-president Theodore Roosevelt, and former secretaries of war Elihu Root and Henry
United States in World War I
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record 400m relay team in 1912. Packard entered the United States Navy upon U.S. involvement in World War I, receiving ground school training at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was later assigned to flying duty at Pensacola, Florida achieving the rank of ensign and served throughout the war period. Following World War I, Packard returned to The Frank Shepard Company ("Shepard's Citations"). In 1919, he became vice-president, secretary, and managing editor of the organization. Packard married Sabra Anne Merriam Beaumont in 1920. He was named President in 1929 and later served as president of the American Association of Law
William Guthrie Packard
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Wilson Bryant Burtt Wilson Bryant Burtt (January 1, 1875 – March 21, 1957) was a career United States Army officer and served as a Brigadier general during World War I. Burtt was born in Hinsdale, Illinois. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1899, and was commissioned in the infantry and was shipped off to Cuba immediately. Following the Spanish–American War, Burtt was stationed in the Philippines to 1904. He returned to the States and was a professor of Military Science and Tactics at Kentucky State University. Burtt returned to the Philippines in 1907 and would remain there
Wilson Bryant Burtt
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the EU. Individual German states were members before World War I. The United States was temporarily a member immediately after World War II, while Germany was under Allied occupation, until 1961. Italy and the United Kingdom were also members following the Treaty of Versailles, though Italy renounced its position in 1935 and the UK renounced in 1993. Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine The Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine (CCNR; ) is an international organisation whose function is to encourage European prosperity by guaranteeing a high level of security for navigation of the Rhine and environs. It
Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine
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Fort Jackson (South Carolina) Fort Jackson is a United States Army installation, which TRADOC operates on for Basic Combat Training (BCT), and is located within the city of Columbia, South Carolina. This installation is named for Andrew Jackson, a United States Army General and seventh President of the United States of America (1829–1837) who was born in the border region of North and South Carolina. Fort Jackson was created in 1917 (as Camp Jackson) as the United States entered World War I. At the conclusion of World War I, Camp Jackson was shut down and the Camp was abandoned 25
Fort Jackson (South Carolina)
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Defence Scheme No. 2 Defence Scheme No. 2 was a Canadian military strategy developed after World War I outlining the Canadian response in the event of a war between the United States of America and Japan. The primary concern of this strategy was remaining neutral in any conflict between the two countries. Plans for this scheme began immediately following World War I. However, it was not greatly developed until the early 1930s, when James Sutherland Brown constructed a rough model of this strategy. The major tenet of Brown’s model was the defence of the Pacific coast in the event of
Defence Scheme No. 2
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Haitian citizens. Congress refused but a few days later adopted a resolution condemning unrestricted submarine warfare and empowering the president to break off diplomatic relations with Germany if that country refused reparations and guarantee for the future. Haiti eventually declared war, at the time the only Western country to do so. Haiti during World War I Following the United States declaration of war on Germany (1917), the Haitian government protested against the heavy German U-boat submarine activity in the area, and officially declared war on July 12, 1918. The United States occupation of Haiti began on July 28, 1915, when
Haiti during World War I
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Depression of 1920–21 The Depression of 1920–21 was a sharp deflationary recession in the United States and other countries, beginning 14 months after the end of World War I. It lasted from January 1920 to July 1921. The extent of the deflation was not only large, but large relative to the accompanying decline in real product. There was a brief post–World War I recession immediately following the end of the war which lasted for 2 years, complicating the absorption of millions of veterans into the economy. The economy started to grow, but it had not yet completed all the adjustments
Depression of 1920–21
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elected president. On Jun 16, 1957, Gardner was forced to resign. In his place, Eisenhower named Earl E. T. Smith as Gardner's successor. Following the Cuban revolution of 1959, Gardner testified that he felt that Washington had "pulled the rug out" from under Batista. He stated Arthur Gardner (diplomat) Arthur Gardner (1889–1967) was a United States foreign diplomat and American ambassador to Cuba 1953-1957. Gardner was a close confidant of President Dwight D. Eisenhower and was also strongly pro-Batista. Gardner fought in World War I, and worked for the War Production Board during World War II. Following the war Gardner
Arthur Gardner (diplomat)
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neutrality was particularly strong among Irish Americans, German Americans and Scandinavian Americans, as well as among church leaders and among women in general. On the other hand, even before World War I had broken out, American opinion had been more negative toward Germany than towards any other country in Europe. Over time, especially after reports of atrocities in Belgium in 1914 and following the sinking of the passenger liner "RMS Lusitania" in 1915, the American people increasingly came to see Germany as the aggressor in Europe. As U.S. President, it was Wilson who made the key policy decisions over foreign
United States in World War I
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United States to forcibly conscript Puerto Ricans into the U.S. military, and rapidly deploy them to the trenches of the European front. Puerto Ricans who resided in the island were immediately assigned to the "Porto Rico Provisional Regiment of Infantry," organized on June 30, 1901, and served in World War I. Those who resided in the mainland United States served in regular units of one of the United States military: the United States Marine Corps, Army or the Navy. The Porto Rico Regiment was renamed the 65th Infantry Regiment under the Reorganization Act of June 4, 1920 and went on
Puerto Ricans in the Vietnam War
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actively recruit volunteer troops shortly after the United States entered the war. With the help of John Hays Hammond, the New York-based Rocky Mountain Club enlisted Major Burnham to raise the troops in the Western states and to coordinate recruitment efforts. Wilson ultimately rejected Roosevelt's plan and the volunteer Army disbanded. After several months of correspondence with Newton D. Baker, Secretary of War, Roosevelt sent this telegram to President Woodrow Wilson: President Wilson, as Commander-in-chief, sent back this response: Roosevelt then sent the following to the men who had volunteered for immediate service on the firing line in the Divisions
Roosevelt's World War I volunteers
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U.S. Naval Historical Display Center (now the United States Navy Museum). At President Franklin D. Roosevelt's suggestion, Knox began several documentary series. Seven volumes pertaining to the Quasi War with France and seven volumes relating to the war with the Barbary Powers were ultimately published. World War II halted plans for similar publications on the American Revolution, the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, and World War I. During World War II, Knox turned his attention to collecting documents generated by naval operations in the global conflict. He immediately began a campaign to gather and arrange operation plans, action reports,
Naval History and Heritage Command
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United States presidential visits to Western Europe Thirteen United States presidents have made presidential visits to Western Europe. The first visits by an incumbent President to countries in Western Europe were made in 1918 and 19 by Woodrow Wilson in the aftermath of World War I. He was awarded the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize for his peacemaking efforts. Visits occurring during the 1940s through 1980s were offshoots of American diplomatic interactions following World War II and during the Cold War. To date, 38 visits have been made to France, 31 to Germany (including 10 specifically to West Germany or West
United States presidential visits to Western Europe
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William S. Pye Vice Admiral William Satterlee Pye, United States Navy, (9 June 1880 – 4 May 1959) was a U.S. Navy officer who served during World War I and World War II, but never saw combat action. His last active-duty appointment was as President of the Naval War College, in 1942–1946. His awards included the Navy Cross for his distinguished service as a staff officer during World War I. Pye was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on 9 June 1880. Entering the United States Naval Academy in 1897, he graduated in 1901 and was commissioned an Ensign in June 1903.
William S. Pye
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engagements: the Spanish–American War, Philippine–American War, Cuban Pacification, Mexican Border, and World War I. He retired from the Regular Army in 1934 with the rank of colonel. COL Gaujot's awards include the Medal of Honor and two bronze leaves on his service ribbon for action in two major World War I offensives. General Orders: Date of Issue: November 23, 1912<br> "The President of the United States in the name of The Congress takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to CAPTAIN (CAVALRY) JULIEN EDMUND GAUJOT<br> UNITED STATES ARMY for service as set forth in the following CITATION: For extraordinary
Julien Edmund Victor Gaujot
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in the city was small, with a total population of 495 but a number had been hired by US Steel, the major employer in the area. In September 1918, a Finnish immigrant named Olli Kinkkonen was lynched in Duluth, allegedly for dodging military service in World War I, which the United States had recently entered. Kinkkonen was found dead, tarred and feathered, and hanging from a tree in Lester Park. Authorities did not pursue murder charges; they claimed that he had committed suicide after the shame of having been tarred and feathered. During and immediately following World War I, a
1920 Duluth lynchings
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History of United States Naval Operations in World War II The History of United States Naval Operations in World War II is a 15-volume account of the United States Navy in World War II, written by Samuel Eliot Morison and published by Little, Brown and Company between 1947 and 1962. Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Morison, already convinced of the value of personal involvement as a result of sailing experience while writing his biography of Christopher Columbus, wrote to President Roosevelt suggesting the preparation of an official history of the Navy in the war, and volunteering for the
History of United States Naval Operations in World War II
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and the US Navy named a destroyer escort after him during the series's version of World War II. Josephus Daniels Josephus Daniels (May 18, 1862 – January 15, 1948) was a newspaper editor and publisher from North Carolina who became active in politics. A progressive Democrat, he was appointed by United States President Woodrow Wilson to serve as Secretary of the Navy during World War I. He became a close friend and supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt, who served as his Assistant Secretary of the Navy and later was elected as United States president. Roosevelt appointed Daniels as his Ambassador
Josephus Daniels
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from Ohio delegates. Wilson wanted to bring him to Washington D.C. Though offered the post twice, Baker declined to serve as United States Secretary of the Interior during President Wilson's first term. In 1916, following his tenure as mayor of Cleveland, Baker and two other partners founded the law firm of Baker Hostetler. As the United States considered whether to enter World War I, President Woodrow Wilson named Baker Secretary of War, because Baker was acceptable to advocates and opponents of American participation in the conflict. The post also required legal expertise because of the War Department's role in administering
Newton D. Baker
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Prisoner of War Medal The Prisoner of War Medal is a military award of the United States Armed Forces which was authorized by Congress and signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on 8 November 1985. The United States Code citation for the POW Medal statute is . The Prisoner of War Medal may be awarded to any person who was a prisoner of war after April 5, 1917 (the date of the United States' entry into World War I was April 6). It is awarded to any person who was taken prisoner or held captive while engaged in an
Prisoner of War Medal
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Honor was awarded to him ""for distinguished conduct in battle and extraordinary heroism; engagement of Vera Cruz, April 22, 1914."" Following the United States' entry into World War I, he was commissioned an ensign on July 1, 1917. He was promoted to temporary lieutenant on July 1, 1918. Immediately after World War I, McCloy served as the first commander of the minesweeper from January 1919 to November 1920. The most significant service of the "Curlew" during McCloy's command was clearing the mines of the North Sea mine barrage. For this work McCloy was decorated with the Navy Cross. He was
John McCloy (Medal of Honor)
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Charles S. Lawrence Charles S. Lawrence (December 22, 1892 - June 12, 1970) was a United States Army colonel who would survive the Bataan Death March to later become the first Executive Vice President of the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT). A native of Guyton, Georgia, Lawrence enlisted in the United States Army in 1915 where he served for 33 years, including both World War I and World War II. By the start of World War II, Lawrence was a lieutenant-colonel in the United States Army Quartermaster Corps serving in the Philippines when Japan invaded the country on December 22,
Charles S. Lawrence
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role in the conflict. Under the leadership of President Woodrow Wilson, the war represented the climax of the Progressive Era as it sought to bring reform and democracy to the world, although there was substantial public opposition to U.S. entry into the war. The American entry into World War I came on April 6, 1917, after more than two and a half years of efforts by President Woodrow Wilson to keep the United States out of the war. Apart from an Anglophile element urging early support for the British, American public opinion reflected that of the president: the sentiment for
United States in World War I
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area from the towboat "St. Augustine". Arkansas National Guard during World War I The history of the Arkansas National Guard and World War I begins with the reorganization of the Arkansas State Guard following the Spanish–American War. As a result of difficulties encountered during the mobilization of state militia forces, the United States Congress passed new legislation which resulted in the renaming of the Arkansas State Guard as the Arkansas National Guard. The new federal legislation resulted in increased funding and training for the guard. The newly reorganized Arkansas National Guard was call upon by the President to help defend
Arkansas National Guard during World War I
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Arkansas National Guard during World War I The history of the Arkansas National Guard and World War I begins with the reorganization of the Arkansas State Guard following the Spanish–American War. As a result of difficulties encountered during the mobilization of state militia forces, the United States Congress passed new legislation which resulted in the renaming of the Arkansas State Guard as the Arkansas National Guard. The new federal legislation resulted in increased funding and training for the guard. The newly reorganized Arkansas National Guard was call upon by the President to help defend the border with Mexico in 1916
Arkansas National Guard during World War I
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(1914–1918). The passport requirement of the Civil War era lacked statutory authority. During World War I (1914–1918), European countries instituted passport requirements. The of May 22, 1918, permitted the president, when the United States was at war, to proclaim a passport requirement, and President Wilson issued such a proclamation on August 18, 1918. World War I ended on November 11, 1918, but the passport requirement lingered until March 3, 1921, the last day of the Wilson administration. In Europe, general peace between the end of the Napoleonic Wars (1815) and the beginning of World War I (1914), and development of
United States passport
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8th Infantry Division (United States) The 8th Infantry Division, ("Pathfinder") was an infantry division of the United States Army during the 20th century. The division served in World War I, World War II, and Operation Desert Storm. Initially activated in January 1918, the unit did not see combat during World War I and returned to the United States. Activated again on 1 July 1940 as part of the build-up of military forces prior to the United States' entry into World War II, the division saw extensive action in the European Theatre of Operations. Following World War II, the division was
8th Infantry Division (United States)
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pay tribute to his service in the United States Navy during World War II. Each of the three march units are led by a military band. Positioned directly in front of the caissons, three color guards will march on foot, with the center color guard having responsibility for trooping the national colors, the flag of the United States. Following immediately behind the caissons, a single color guard will march on foot trooping the presidential standard, the flag of the President of the United States. Next, a single honor guard will march on foot holding the reins of a caparisoned, riderless
State funerals in the United States
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for Third World Studies?" about how developmentalism gained its footing in international affairs in the years immediately following World War II, during which the United States assumed leadership of a world that had been devastated by the war, while the United States was all but physically unscathed. The end of Second World War catalyzed massive national liberation movements throughout Africa and Asia: these movements were a threat to the United States, in its fear that communism would take root in newly established independent nations. Therefore, these movements towards liberation became a top priority of the United States: developmentalism fit what
Developmentalism
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Museum and Library is the founding sponsor of the Commission. The Starr Foundation is supporting sponsor of the Commission. Members of the Commission were appointed by the President and the leaders of the Senate and the House of Representatives, as well as the American Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, and the National World War I Museum. The Commissioners serve without pay. When World War I broke out in Europe during the summer of 1914, the United States stuck to a strict policy of neutrality. On August 4, 1914, President Woodrow Wilson declared to Congress that, "The United States must
United States World War I Centennial Commission
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eruption of Mount Katmai. He and his crew received a letter commendation from President William Howard Taft. After serving aboard the USCGC Unalga (WPG-53) and the USRC Mackinac, the United States Revenue Cutter Service merged with the United States Life-Saving Service to form the Coast Guard in 1915. During World War I, he was assigned to the USRC Yamacraw Following the war, Keester was stationed in Green Bay, Wisconsin. In 1923, he enrolled in the Naval War College. The following year, he was named Executive Officer of the USCGC Tampa (WPG-48). In 1926, Keester assumed command of the USS Jouett
William J. Keester
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League of Nations. For his services in support of the war effort, Baruch was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal with the following citation: The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Mr. Bernard M. Baruch, a United States Civilian, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I, in the organization and administration of the War Industries Board and in the coordination of allied purchases in the
Bernard Baruch
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(ICC) investigate during his administration. The interest of the ICC was drawn to its strict control of the railroad express business. However, the solution did not come immediately to hand. The solution to this problem came as a coincidence to other problems during World War I. During the winter of 1917, the United States suffered a severe coal shortage and on December 26 President Woodrow Wilson commandeered the railroads on behalf of the United States government to move federal troops, their supplies, and coal. Treasury Secretary William Gibbs McAdoo was assigned the task of consolidating the railway lines for the
American Express
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works project that provided thousands of jobs (and a great deal of money for the corrupt Pendergast). One of Pendergast's political protegés was a young World War I veteran from Independence, Harry S. Truman, who had been his nephew's commanding officer in the war. Truman was elected Presiding Judge (equivalent to a County Executive) of Jackson County with Pendergast support in 1926, then went on to become a U.S. Senator from Missouri, Vice President, and in 1945, following the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt, the thirty-third President of the United States. Suburban sprawl became a part of Jackson County's landscape
Jackson County, Missouri
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to as the "Big Three". The Italian delegation returned after 11 days. The Big Four (World War I) The Big Four or The Four Nations refer to the four top Allied powers of the World War I and their leaders who met at the Paris Peace Conference in January 1919. The Big Four is also known as the Council of Four. It was composed of Woodrow Wilson of the United States, David Lloyd George of the United Kingdom, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando of Italy, and Georges Clemenceau of France. Woodrow Wilson (28 December 1856 – 3 February 1924) was elected President
The Big Four (World War I)
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War Labor Policies Board The War Labor Policies Board (WLPB) (1918-1919) was a temporary agency of the United States Government to support American military actions during the end of World War I; future president Franklin Delano Roosevelt was a member. Following the United States declaration of war on Germany in early April 1917, the U.S. "War Labor Administrator" (Secretary of Labor) William Bauchop Wilson established the War Labor Policies Board (WLPB) on May 13, 1918. According to the Bureau of Industrial Labor, "It was the purpose of this Board to consider and to formulate labor policies affecting the production of
War Labor Policies Board
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Allan Rockwell McCann Vice Admiral Allan Rockwell McCann, (September 20, 1896 – February 22, 1978) was a United States Navy officer who served in World War I and World War II. Admiral McCann attended Mark Hopkins Grammar School and Drury High School in North Adams before his appointment to the United States Naval Academy from the First District of Massachusetts in 1913. Graduated and commissioned ensign in March 1917, he was assigned to on which he served throughout World War I and until September 1919. Following instruction in submarines aboard at the Submarine Base, New London, Connecticut, he joined in
Allan Rockwell McCann
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"King of Battle". Conflicts in the 20th century saw artillery become exponentially more effective as indirect fire methods were introduced immediately prior to World War I. During World War I and World War II, field artillery was the single highest casualty-producing weapons system on any battlefield. Members of the Field Artillery are referred to as "redlegs" because during the American Civil War they were distinguished by scarlet stripes down the legs of their uniform pants. The use of colors to distinguish branches of the United States Army dates to 1851. Branch colors are found on the shoulder straps of officers
Field Artillery Branch (United States)
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United States Battleship Division Nine (World War I) United States Battleship Division Nine was a division of four, later five, dreadnought battleships of the United States Navy's Atlantic Fleet that constituted the American contribution to the British Grand Fleet during World War I. Although the U.S. entered the war on 6 April 1917, hesitation among senior officers of the U.S. Navy as to the wisdom of dividing the American battle fleet prevented the immediate dispatch of any capital ships for service in the war zone. Following a direct request from the British Admiralty and a series of high level staff
United States Battleship Division Nine (World War I)
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War I, the Sam Browne Belt was approved by General Pershing, commander of the AEF, for wear by American officers as a rank distinction. However, the Army as a whole did not immediately approve its use. MPs were positioned at stateside docks who confiscated them from returning officers. The United States Army mandated the Sam Browne belt for overseas soldiers in 1918 under the name "Liberty belt" and for all service members in 1921, this time under the internationally accepted name "Sam Browne belt". It was a standard part of the uniform between World War I and World War II.
Sam Browne belt
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Henry M. Mullinnix Henry Maston Mullinnix (July 4, 1892 – November 24, 1943) was an aviator and Admiral of the United States Navy during World War II. Mullinnix, born in Spencer, Indiana, graduated from Attica High School, class of 1909. He was president of his senior class. He later graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1916. He served in the destroyer , engaged in patrol and escort duty off Ireland during World War I. Following service in and , he completed work in aeronautical engineering at Annapolis and MIT, receiving an M.S. degree in 1923. After flight training
Henry M. Mullinnix
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and Italy being enemy countries during World War I (Germany) and World War II (Germany and Italy). This resulted in a sharp decrease in German-American ethnic identity and a sharp decrease in the use of German in the United States following World War I, which had hitherto been significant, and to German American internment and Italian American internment during World War II; see also World War I anti-German sentiment. Beginning in World War I, German Americans were sometimes accused of having political allegiances to Germany, and thus not to the United States. The Justice Department attempted to prepare a list
Racism in the United States
5539618
from 1880, who maintained copra plantations on the largest island, also called Ujelang. After World War I, the island came under the South Pacific Mandate of the Empire of Japan. In 1935 there were only some 40 inhabitants. During World War II, the island was occupied by the United States Army's Company I, 111th Infantry Regiment, which landed on 22 April 1944 and which used the island as a staging area before redeployment to Peleliu on 1 February 1945. Following the end of World War II, the island came under the control of the United States as part of the
Ujelang Atoll
88434
Confederacy, immediately following Fort Sumter the Confederate Congress proclaimed that "war exists between the Confederate States and the Government of the United States, and the States and Territories thereof". A state of war was not to formally exist between the Confederacy and those states and territories in the United States allowing slavery, although Confederate Rangers were compensated for destruction they could effect there throughout the war. Concerning the international status and nationhood of the Confederate States of America, in 1869 the United States Supreme Court in ruled Texas' declaration of secession was legally null and void. Jefferson Davis, former President
Confederate States of America
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units and many volunteer units in the Mexican–American War of 1846–48. At the outset of the American Civil War, the regular U.S. Army was small and generally assigned to defend the nation's frontiers from attacks by Indians. Following the Civil War, the U.S. Army fought more wars with Indians, who resisted U.S. expansion into the center of the continent. A combined conscript and volunteer force, the National Army, was formed by the United States War Department in 1917 to fight in World War I. During World War II, the Army of the United States was formed as a successor to
History of the United States Army
7512564
Gardner Army Airfield Gardner Army Airfield is a former United States Army Air Force World War II Field located 9 miles southeast of Taft, California. It was named for Major John H. Gardner, a World War I aviator hero. Gardner AAF is historically significant as Brigadier General Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager first learned how to fly an airplane there. In 1940, prior to the entry of the United States into World War II, the Chief of the United States Army Air Corps directed the Western Flying Training Command to immediately take action to select air base sites needed to increase
Gardner Army Airfield
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Chester R. Davis Chester R. Davis (February 27, 1896 – July 31, 1966) was an American businessman. Davis was born in St. Charles, Illinois. He worked at the Ziegler Coal Company, and served in the 320th Infantry during World War I. He attended Lake Forest College and the University of Illinois. Immediately after graduating from UI, he became an assistant trust officer at the Chicago Title and Trust Company, where he was elected director and vice-president on January 10, 1939. On February 19, 1954, he was nominated by President of the United States Dwight D. Eisenhower for the position of
Chester R. Davis
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physics in 1915, with high honors. He went to work for the First National Bank in Hartley, Iowa, where his uncle was president, immediately after graduation and stayed until the United States joined World War I. After a great deal of persuasion, he worked for Herbert Hoover's Commission for Relief in Belgium, which began a lifelong friendship and collaboration. then served in the American Expeditionary Force with the 29th Engineers in France. After the war ended, Pate helped organize and direct efforts by the American Relief Administration to feed more than one million Polish children after the war. Pate worked
Maurice Pate
5198025
Louise Bryant Louise Bryant (December 5, 1885 – January 6, 1936) was an American feminist, political activist, and journalist best known for her sympathetic coverage of Russia and the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution. Bryant, who married fellow journalist John Reed (her second husband) in 1916, wrote about Russian leaders such as Katherine Breshkovsky, Maria Spiridonova, Alexander Kerensky, Vladimir Lenin, and Leon Trotsky. Her news stories, distributed by Hearst during and after her trips to Petrograd and Moscow, appeared in newspapers across the United States and Canada in the years immediately following World War I. A collection of articles from
Louise Bryant
6414868
Roosevelt, following World War II, to replace the previous faltering League of Nations, from the Versailles Treaty and Paris Peace Conference, ending World War I in 1919, inspired by 28th President Woodrow Wilson. In 1927, $4 million in municipal bonds were issued to finance the design and construction of the first municipally owned opera house in the United States. The architects of the building complex were Arthur Brown Jr., who had also designed the adjacent San Francisco City Hall between 1912 and 1916, and G. Albert Lansburgh, a theater designer responsible for San Francisco's Orpheum and the Shrine Auditorium in
War Memorial Opera House
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Miller Field (Staten Island) Miller Field was a United States Army facility on Staten Island, New York, in New Dorp. It was founded in November 1919 and completed in 1921. It was named after Captain James Ely Miller (1883–1918), commanding officer of the 95th Aero Squadron in the Air Service of the AEF, who died in combat on March 9, 1918 over Rheims in World War I. He was the first United States aviator killed in action while serving with an American military aviation unit. Before World War I Miller had been vice president of the Columbia Trust Company of
Miller Field (Staten Island)
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the next two decades, forestry professions became widespread. Following World War I, forestry became a cooperation between private landowners, the states, and the federal government. On March 21, 1933, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt sent a message to the United States Congress to strengthen the United States forest resources. In the following days, congress enacted the establishment of emergency conservation work. This project consisted of twenty five thousand men working on forest protection by planting trees, watershed restoration and erosion control. About 2.2 billion seedlings were planted which marked a start of conservation in the United States. In 1935, the
Forest conservation in the United States
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John Shuman John Shuman was an officer in the United States Army during World War I. He was awarded the Army Distinguished Service Medal. His award citation reads: The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Colonel (Infantry) John B. Shuman, United States Army, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility during World War I. In the Adjutant General's Department during the war and the demobilization period, Colonel Shuman's unusual
John Shuman
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entity and spread to Polish communities across the United States during the 20th century, mainly around Chicago and the Northeast. The PNCC developed an active mission in Poland following World War I. Leon Czolgosz, a Polish American born in Alpena, Michigan, changed American history in 1901 by assassinating U.S. President William McKinley. Though Czolgosz was a native-born citizen, the American public displayed high anti-Polish and anti-immigrant sentiment after the attack. McKinley, who survived the shooting for several days, called Czolgosz a "common murderer", and did not make mention of his background. Different Slavic groups debated his ethnic origins in the
History of the Poles in the United States
428956
elected Senators and Representatives. Under the Constitution at the time, these presidents had to wait four months before they and the incoming Congresses could deal with the secession of Southern states and the Great Depression respectively. In 1916, during World War I, President Woodrow Wilson devised an unorthodox plan to avoid a lame duck presidency and allow his Republican opponent Charles Evans Hughes to assume presidential powers immediately if Hughes had won the election. In that case, Wilson planned to appoint Hughes as Secretary of State, at the time first in line to act as President in the event of
Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution
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USS Western Sea (ID-3153) USS "Western Sea" (ID-3153) was a cargo ship of the United States Navy that served during World War I and its immediate aftermath.` "Western Sea" was laid down as the single-screw commercial cargo ship SS "War Emerald" by J. F. Duthie and Company in Seattle, Washington, for the United States Shipping Board. Renamed SS "Western Sea" while under construction, she was launched on 25 May 1918 and completed late in June 1918. Upon her completion, the Shipping Board transferred her immediately to the U.S. Navy for use during World War I. The Navy assigned her the
USS Western Sea (ID-3153)
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the South Pacific Area. He served in this capacity until October 1945. Calhoun retired on 1 December 1946. He died in 1963 at a naval hospital. He was a great-grandson of U.S. Vice President John C. Calhoun. William L. Calhoun (admiral) William Lowndes Calhoun (July 13, 1884 – October 20, 1963) was a United States Navy officer who served in World War I and World War II, eventually attaining the rank of Admiral during World War II. William Lowndes Calhoun was a native of Palatka, Florida. He joined the U.S. Navy in about 1902, and graduated from the United States
William L. Calhoun (admiral)
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were then required to sign a contract agreeing to enter the military following graduation. Upon the outbreak of World War II, González joined the United States Army and was assigned to the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF), a component of the United States Army, at Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he received advanced aviator training. The USAAF was the military aviation arm of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II. After completing his training he was commissioned a Second Lieutenant and assigned to the 12th Air Force / 52nd Troop Carrier Wing / 314 Troop
César Luis González
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1920 United States presidential election in Montana The 1920 United States presidential election in Montana took place on November 2, 1920. Voters chose four representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Like all of the Western United States, severe anger at President Woodrow Wilson's failure to maintain his promise to keep the United States out of World War I produced extreme hostility among the strongly isolationist population of remote Montana. In addition, by the beginning of 1920 skyrocketing inflation and Wilson's focus upon his proposed League of Nations at the expense of domestic
1920 United States presidential election in Montana
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became successful almost immediately, with sales totaling 31,008 trucks and cars by 1919. Nash was able to negotiate procurement contracts with the United States Army during World War I that made the company one of the largest producers of trucks in the nation. In 1918, Nash was appointed to take charge of engineering and production of aircraft matters for the war effort. In addition to running his own company, Charles Nash also served as president of the luxury automaker LaFayette Motors until Nash Motors bought out the company in 1924. By 1929, the Big Three automakers (GM, Ford, and Chrysler)
Charles Williams Nash
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have a passport requirement. From 1789 through late 1941, the government established under the Constitution required United States passports of citizens only during the American Civil War (1861–1865) and during and shortly after World War I (1914–1918). The passport requirement of the Civil War era lacked statutory authority. After the outbreak of World War I, passports were required by executive order, though there was no statutory authority for the requirement. The of May 22, 1918 permitted the president, when the United States was at war, to proclaim a passport requirement, and a proclamation was issued on August 18, 1918. Though
Freedom of movement under United States law
18634841
she and her mother moved to Paris, where they stayed until World War 1 started in 1913. In Paris, Saussy studied watercolors and oils. Upon her return to the United States, she divided her time between Savannah, New York, and Washington where she worked for the government in 1915 until the end of World War I. Following the war, Saussy spent the remainder of her life in Savannah, where she became a founding member and eventual president (1933-1934) of the Association of Georgia Artists. She was also a member of the Savannah Arts Association and the Southern States Art League.
Hattie Saussy
14015261
1915, Americans were paying much more attention to the war. The sinking of the "Lusitania" had a strong effect on public opinion because of the deaths of American civilians. That year, a strong "Preparedness" movement emerged. Proponents argued that the United States needed to immediately build up strong naval and land forces for defensive purposes; an unspoken assumption was that America would fight sooner or later. General Leonard Wood (still on active duty after serving a term as Chief of Staff of the Army), former president Theodore Roosevelt, and former secretaries of war Elihu Root and Henry Stimson were the
American entry into World War I
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George W. F. Cook George W. F. Cook (May 20, 1919 – September 26, 2009) was a Vermont attorney and politician who served as President of the Vermont State Senate and United States Attorney for the District of Vermont. George Wallace Foster Cook was born in Shrewsbury, Vermont on May 20, 1919. Named for an uncle who died in World War I, he graduated from Middlebury College in 1940 and became an aeronautical engineer at Pratt & Whitney in Hartford, Connecticut. Cook joined the United States Army Air Forces for World War II and served as a navigator. After the
George W. F. Cook
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by future U.S. President John F. Kennedy, at the time a Harvard University undergraduate student. While America Sleeps While America Sleeps is a book by historians Donald Kagan and Frederick Kagan, published September 2000. Their thesis was that the United States at the end of the Cold War resembled the United Kingdom following World War I. They argue for a policy of strengthening U.S. defense and a willingness to use force. Michael Lind has argued that the book contributed to neoconservative thought in U.S. foreign policy. Two similarly titled works were published around the time of World War II: "While
While America Sleeps
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Tug of war at the 1981 World Games Tug of war was contested in two weight classes for men at the 1981 World Games. These were the first World Games, an international quadrennial multi-sport event, and were held in Santa Clara, California in the United States. The 640kg tug of war competition was the first event of the games, as it was held immediately following the opening ceremony at the same location, Buck Shaw Stadium. The Swiss athletes were associated with a club from Engelberg, while the United States was represented by a club from Orfordville, Wisconsin. In an interview
Tug of war at the 1981 World Games
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Spartanburg city limits, and has been developed as the Wadsworth Hills residential neighborhood. Camp Wadsworth Camp Wadsworth () was a World War I-era training facility for the United States Army. Located near Spartanburg, South Carolina, the post was in operation from its opening in July 1917 until it was inactivated in March 1919, following the Armistice that ended the war. As the United States began to expand the United States Army in preparation for entry into World War I, the United States Department of War planned to enlarge the peacetime Regular Army through a combination of mobilizing units of the
Camp Wadsworth
20113993
Camp Wadsworth Camp Wadsworth () was a World War I-era training facility for the United States Army. Located near Spartanburg, South Carolina, the post was in operation from its opening in July 1917 until it was inactivated in March 1919, following the Armistice that ended the war. As the United States began to expand the United States Army in preparation for entry into World War I, the United States Department of War planned to enlarge the peacetime Regular Army through a combination of mobilizing units of the National Guard and drafting men into the wartime National Army. This plan called
Camp Wadsworth
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1899, Borno served as a diplomat in the Dominican Republic. In 1908, he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for President Pierre Nord Alexis. The country of Haiti was looked upon as a strategically vital location by the United States at the onset of World War I. The U.S. had extended its influence throughout the Caribbean and Latin America following the construction of the Panama Canal by invoking the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. In 1914, the United States under President Woodrow Wilson presented a project for the control of customs and finances of Haiti, which was having increasing
Louis Borno
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by French Maréchal Ferdinand Foch who was supreme commander of the Allied Forces during the First World War. Each medal in bronze has the same diameter (36 mm) and ribbon (double rainbow), but with a national design representing a winged victory. Main source: World War I Victory Medal (United States) The World War I Victory Medal (originally known as the Victory Medal) was a United States World War I service medal designed by James Earle Fraser. Award of a common allied service medal was recommended by an inter-allied committee in March 1919. Each allied nation would design a 'Victory Medal'
World War I Victory Medal (United States)
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any longer if not for the United States, saying that it prevented this disappearance on three occasions through its participation in World War I, World War II and the Cold War. Musk also stated that he thinks "it would be a mistake to say the United States is perfect, it certainly is not. There have been many foolish things the United States has done and bad things the United States has done." Before the election of Donald Trump as President of the United States, Musk criticized candidate Trump by saying: "I feel a bit stronger that he is probably not
Elon Musk
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in 1917 as an associated power on the allied side of Britain and France. By the time that World War I came around, the United States was a leader in the art of movie making and the new profession of commercial advertising. Such newly discovered technologies played an instrumental role in the shaping of the American mind and the altering of public opinion into a pro-war position. Perhaps the most influential man behind propaganda in the United States during World War I was President Woodrow Wilson. In one of Wilson's most famous declarations, he outlined the "Fourteen Points" which he
Propaganda in World War I
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post World War I trials of Nazi officials were fascinating. He and Foy were beloved neighbors and fine, proud U.S. citizens. He died in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Maurice Neil Andrews Maurice Neil Andrews (December 24, 1894 – August 31, 1967) was a United States federal judge. Andrews was born in LaFayette, Georgia. He received an LL.B. from the University of Georgia in 1916 and immediately returned to his native city to enter private practice. He served as a lieutenant in the United States Army during World War I from 1917 to 1919, and then returned to private practice until 1925. He
Maurice Neil Andrews
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Armenia in the possible American mandate for Asia Minor and Rumelia since a mandate for Armenia alone was not deemed feasible under these conditions. James G. Harbord, "Report of the American Military Mission to Armenia (Appendix only)" Washington, 1920. Harbord Commission The Harbord Commission was a U.S. political commission tasked with studying the relationship between the United States and Armenia following World War I. In 1919 President Woodrow Wilson sent two missions to the Near East to gather information on issues relating to the future of the region in the immediate aftermath of World War I. One group, later known
Harbord Commission
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resulting in yet further economic disruption, particularly as German companies had displaced Liberian businesses in the local economy; this was further exacerbated by a German submarine blockade affecting Liberian ship traffic. As an Allied nation, Liberia received Liberty Loans from the United States, though this financial support decreased greatly after the end of the war. A loan to "bolster and replace" profits lost as a result of Liberia's involvement was proposed by President Woodrow Wilson, but blocked by the United States Senate. Liberia in World War I Liberia remained neutral for the first years of World War I, but on
Liberia in World War I
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William Sims William Sowden Sims (October 15, 1858 – September 25, 1936) was an admiral in the United States Navy who fought during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to modernize the navy. During World War I he commanded all United States naval forces operating in Europe. He also served twice as president of the Naval War College. Sims was born to American parents living in Port Hope, Ontario, Canada. He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1880, the beginnings of an era of naval reform and greater professionalization. Commodore Stephen B. Luce founded the Naval War
William Sims
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American entry into World War I The American entry into World War I came in April 1917, after more than two and a half years of efforts by President Woodrow Wilson to keep the United States out of the war and broker a peace in Europe. Apart from an Anglophile element urging early support for the British, American public opinion reflected that of the president: the sentiment for neutrality was particularly strong among Irish Americans, German Americans, and Scandinavian Americans, as well as among church leaders and among women in general. On the other hand, even before World War I
American entry into World War I