who shifted capital of india from calcutta to delhi
The Government of British India
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British goods, which forced the colonial government to reunite Bengal and immediately shift the capital to New Delhi. Old Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi, which
New Delhi
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British goods, which forced the colonial government to reunite Bengal and immediately shift the capital to New Delhi. Old Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire, as India was officially named, from Calcutta on the east coast, to Delhi. The Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from Delhi, which
New Delhi
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and their other territories, ending the short-lived rebellion. This also marked the beginning of direct British Rule in India. In 1911, the capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to New Delhi, the last inner city of Delhi designed by Edwin Lutyens. After India's Independence from the British, New Delhi became the capital of the newly formed Republic of India. It is popularly said that Delhi was the site for a total of seven different cities between 3000 BCE and the 17th century BCE, although taking smaller towns and strongholds into account, as many as 15 settlements can be
History of Delhi
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However, being a historical capital and prominent city, Delhi has always attracted a large number of immigrants. When the capital of British India was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, a substantial number of government personnel, especially from the Bengal, migrated to Delhi. Following the partition of India in 1947, a large number of people migrated to Delhi. These included a large number of Punjabis (with a relatively small number of Sindhis), which led to the characterisation of Delhi as a "Punjabi city". According to the first census right after partition, the 1951 census, Delhi had a total population of 1,744,072
Ethnic groups in Delhi
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Delhi. This is particularly evident in elections since 2000. Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi were held in the following years: Originally built 1912, designed by E. Montague Thomas to hold the Imperial Legislative Council and subsequently the Central Legislative Assembly (after 1919), till the newly constructed Parliament House of India in New Delhi (Sansad Bhawan) was inaugurated on 18 January 1927. The building also housed in the Secretariat of the Government of India, and was built after the capital of India shifted to Delhi from Calcutta, the temporary secretariat building was constructed in a few months' time in
Delhi Legislative Assembly
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is in the centre of northern India. The land for building the new city of Delhi was acquired under the Land Acquisition Act 1894. During the Delhi Durbar on 12 December 1911, George V, then Emperor of India, along with Queen Mary, his consort, made the announcement that the capital of the Raj was to be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, while laying the foundation stone for the Viceroy's residence in the Coronation Park, Kingsway Camp. The foundation stone of New Delhi was laid by King George V and Queen Mary at the site of Delhi Durbar of 1911 at
New Delhi
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be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi, subsequently on 15 December 1911, they laid the foundation stone for Viceroy's residence, and New Delhi here, which was subsequently shifted to its present location on Raisina Hill near Rashtrapati Bhavan (President's House). The newly appointed emperors of the British Raj were stationed at Kingsway Camp. Since the Kings had to pass through this route, it was named "Kingsway Camp", meaning the "Way Of the King". In 1910s, a steam generation power plant was established here by the government, which was later shifted to Raj Ghat area around 1931, when the capital of India
Kingsway Camp
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side was constructed only in 1854–55 by Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mogul ruler of India. The gate was built in brick masonry with moderate use of red sandstone. The fort was used during the Uprising in 1857 and also as prison, which housed Zebunnisa, daughter of Aurangzeb; the British imprisoned the freedom fighters of Indian National Army. The layout of the Red Fort was organized to retain and integrate this site with the Salimgarh Fort through the Bahadur Shah Gate. Delhi became the capital of British India after the seat of power was shifted from Calcutta in 1911. With
Gates of Delhi
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that ‘India should be governed from a palace, not from a country house’, constructed a grand mansion, known as Government House, between 1799 and 1803. The mansion remained in use until the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912. Thereafter, the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, who had hitherto resided in Belvedere House, was upgraded to a full Governor and transferred to Government House. Now, it serves as the residence of the Governor of the Indian state of West Bengal, and is referred to by its Bengali name Raj Bhavan. After the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi, the Viceroy
Governor-General of India
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entities, with New Delhi forming a small part of Delhi. The National Capital Region is a much larger entity comprising the entire NCT along with adjoining districts in neighboring states. Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj, until December 1911. Calcutta had become the centre of the nationalist movements since the late nineteenth century, which led to the Partition of Bengal by then Viceroy of British India, Lord Curzon. This created massive political and religious upsurge including political assassinations of British officials in Calcutta. The anti-colonial sentiments amongst the public led to complete boycott of
New Delhi
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meteorological observations under one roof. As a result, the India Meteorology Department was established in 1875. Henry Francis Blanford was appointed the first Meteorological Reporter of the IMD. In May 1889, Sir John Eliot was appointed the first "Director General of Observatories" in the erstwhile capital, Calcutta. The IMD headquarters were later shifted to Shimla in 1905, then to Pune in 1928 and finally to New Delhi in 1944. IMD became a member of the World Meteorological Organization after independence on 27 April 1949. The agency has gained in prominence due to the significance of the monsoon rains on Indian
India Meteorological Department
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to the Delhi Conspiracy trial. Basant Kumar Biswas, Amir Chand and Avadh Behari were convicted and executed for their roles in the conspiracy. Rash Behari Bose was identified as the person who threw the bomb. Delhi conspiracy case The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to a conspiracy in 1912 to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Hatched by the Indian revolutionary underground in Bengal and Punjab and headed by Rashbehari Bose, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination
Delhi conspiracy case
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India would be shifted from Calcutta to Delhi. In 1911, a fabulous sum of Stg £600,000 was approved for the Durbar and maintenance of the visiting local rulers. An additional £300,000 were supplied by the Government of India to pay for eighty thousand Army troops in the parades and security for the event. The Imperial Hotel in New Delhi, considered a legacy of the colonial times, continues to display pictures of the Durbar in a Coffee Shop named "1911". After the Coronation Durbar, Edwin Lutyens (Sir Edwin from 1918) was authorised by Lord Hardinge to proceed with preparing plans for
Coronation Park, Delhi
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as the emperor. In 1803, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War, the forces of British East India Company defeated the Maratha forces in the Battle of Delhi. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, Delhi fell to the forces of East India Company after a bloody fight known as the Siege of Delhi. The city came under the direct control of the British Government in 1858. It was made a district province of the Punjab. In 1911, it was announced that the capital of British held territories in India was to be transferred from Calcutta to Delhi. The name "New Delhi" was
Delhi
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stood under the canopy next to India Gate. On the base there is an inscription, with wording supplied by Lord Irwin, the Viceroy of India: This was a modification of the wording originally proposed by Lutyens: Jaipur Column The Jaipur Column is a monumental column in the middle of the courtyard in front of Rashtrapati Bhavan, the presidential residence in New Delhi, Delhi, India. In 1912 Madho Singh II, the Maharaja of Jaipur, offered to sponsor its construction to commemorate the 1911 Delhi Durbar and the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi. The column was designed
Jaipur Column
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Calcutta in 1756, and the East India Company retook it the following year. In 1793 the East India company was strong enough to abolish Nizamat (local rule), and assumed full sovereignty of the region. Under the company rule, and later under the British Raj, Calcutta served as the capital of British-held territories in India until 1911, when its perceived geographical disadvantages, combined with growing nationalism in Bengal, led to a shift of the capital to New Delhi. Calcutta was the centre for the Indian independence movement; it remains a hotbed of contemporary state politics. Following Indian independence in 1947, Kolkata,
Kolkata
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ceremonial functions as well as political affairs. As the representative of the Emperors and Empresses of India, who were also the kings and queens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the viceroy served as the grand master of the two principal chivalric orders of British India: the Order of the Star of India and the Order of the Indian Empire. During the office's history, the Governors-General of India were based in two cities: Calcutta during the 19th century and New Delhi during the 20th century. Additionally, whilst Calcutta was the capital of British India, the viceroys spent
Viceroy
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it is the largest residence of any head of state in the world. This decision to build a residence in New Delhi for the British Viceroy was taken after it was decided during the Delhi Durbar in December 1911 that the capital of India would be relocated from Calcutta to Delhi. When the plan for a new city, New Delhi, adjacent to end south of Old Delhi, was developed after the Delhi Durbar, the new palace for the Viceroy of India was given an enormous size and prominent position. About 4,000 acres of land was acquired to begin the construction
Rashtrapati Bhavan
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to cheer. Later in 1911, the King and Queen travelled to India for the Delhi Durbar, where they were presented to an assembled audience of Indian dignitaries and princes as the Emperor and Empress of India on 12 December 1911. George wore the newly created Imperial Crown of India at the ceremony, and declared the shifting of the Indian capital from Calcutta to Delhi. He was the only Emperor of India to be present at his own Delhi Durbar. They travelled throughout the sub-continent, and George took the opportunity to indulge in big game hunting in Nepal, shooting 21 tigers,
George V
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in 1857 after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The city received significant damage during the 1857 siege. Afterwards, the last titular Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar II was exiled to Rangoon and the remaining Mughal territories were annexed as a part of British India. Calcutta was declared the capital of British India but in 1911 at the Delhi Durbar of 1911, held at the Coronation Park, King George V announced the shifting of the capital back to Delhi. Parts of the old city were New Delhi, a monumental new quarter of the city designed by the British architect Edwin Lutyens
History of Delhi
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Kunjpura Kunjpura is a village in Karnal district, Haryana (prior to 1966 Punjab state), India, about 10 km northeast of Karnal city and about 130 km north of the national capital, Delhi. It is on the right bank (west bank) of the Yamuna River, off the Grand Trunk Road that runs from Amritsar to Delhi and further on to Calcutta. Kunjpura was founded by Nawab Najabat Khan in 1729. Kunjpura village has a fort with a long history. It was a major halting point for those who traveled from Khyber Pass to Delhi before modern metalled roads came to be.
Kunjpura
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Delhi conspiracy case The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, refers to a conspiracy in 1912 to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Hatched by the Indian revolutionary underground in Bengal and Punjab and headed by Rashbehari Bose, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912 when a homemade bomb was thrown into the Viceroys's Howdah when the ceremonial procession moved through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi. Although injured in the attempt, the Viceroy escaped with
Delhi conspiracy case
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for the Calcutta tercentenary". The Calcutta gallery concept was agreed and a design was developed leading to the opening of the gallery in 1992. The Calcutta gallery houses a visual display of the history and development of Calcutta from [[Job Charnock]] (1630–1692) of the English [[East India Company]] to 1911, when the capital of India was transferred to New Delhi. The gallery also has a life-size [[diorama]] of [[Chitpur]] road in the late 1800s. The gardens at the Victoria memorial are covered of . They are maintained by a team of 21 gardeners. They were designed by Redesdale and David
Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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Jaipur Column The Jaipur Column is a monumental column in the middle of the courtyard in front of Rashtrapati Bhavan, the presidential residence in New Delhi, Delhi, India. In 1912 Madho Singh II, the Maharaja of Jaipur, offered to sponsor its construction to commemorate the 1911 Delhi Durbar and the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi. The column was designed by the British architect Sir Edwin Lutyens. In 1920, Lutyens submitted his design for the column to the Royal Academy of Arts in London, as his diploma work for his election as a fellow of the
Jaipur Column
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Indian National Airways Ltd Indian National Airways Ltd was an airline based in Delhi, India. The founder of the airline was R. E. Grant Govan, a Delhi based British industrialist who also co-founded the Board of Control for Cricket in India and the Cricket Club of India. The airline was formed on the basis of a government airmail contract. The company was started by Govan Bros Ltd. in May 1933 with a capital of Rs. 3 million. It became the second airline to start operations in India in December 1933, with a weekly passenger and freight service between Calcutta and
Indian National Airways Ltd
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The Comrade The Comrade was a weekly English-language newspaper that was published and edited by Maulana Mohammad Ali between 1911 and 1914. Mohammad Ali was a forceful orator and writer, contributing articles to various newspapers including "The Times", "The Observer" and "The Manchester Guardian" before he launched "The Comrade". Produced on expensive paper, "The Comrade" quickly gained circulation and influence becoming famous even internationally, securing subscribers in several foreign countries. The paper, launched from Calcutta, shifted to Delhi, the newly announced capital of the Raj, in 1912 where the first issue of the Delhi edition appeared on 12 October. In
The Comrade
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Belvedere Estate The Belvedere Estate consists of Belvedere House and the grounds surrounding it, in which the National Library of India is housed, since 1948. It is located in Alipore, near the zoo, in Calcutta. Belvedere House was the former palace for the Viceroy of India and later the Governor of Bengal. The Governor-General resided in Belvedere House, Calcutta until the early nineteenth century, when Government House (present Raj Bhavan) was constructed. In 1854, after the Governor-General moved out, the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal took up residence in Belvedere House. When the capital moved from Calcutta to Delhi in 1912, the
Belvedere Estate
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1912, it functioned as the Secretariat for another decade, before the offices shifted to the present Secretariat Building on Raisina Hill. Delhi Legislative Assembly The Legislative Assembly of Delhi, also known as Delhi Vidhan Sabha, is a unicameral law making body of the National Capital Territory of Delhi, one of the 7 union territories in India. It is situated at Delhi, the state capital of Delhi, with 70 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). The seat of assembly is the Old Secretariat building, which is also the seat of the Delhi Government. The Delhi Legislative Assembly was first constituted on
Delhi Legislative Assembly
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the new imperial capital New Delhi was established after 1911, the Old Delhi Railway Station served the entire city and the Agra-Delhi railway line cut through what is today called "Lutyens' Delhi" and the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial (now "India Gate") and Kingsway (now "Rajpath"). The railway line was shifted along Yamuna river and opened in 1924 to make way for the new capital. Minto (now "Shivaji") and Hardinge (now "Tilak") rail bridges came up for this realigned line. The East Indian Railway Company, that overlooked railways in the region, sanctioned the construction of a single
Railway in Haryana
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the murder of Shamsul Alam. Thanks to Bagha Jatin's new policy of a decentralised federated action, most of the accused were released in 1911. The Delhi Conspiracy case, also known as the Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, hatched in 1912, planned to assassinate the then Viceroy of India, Lord Hardinge, on the occasion of transferring the capital of British India from Calcutta to New Delhi. Involving revolutionary underground in Bengal and headed by Rashbehari Bose along with Sachin Sanyal, the conspiracy culminated on the attempted assassination on 23 December 1912 when a home-made bomb was thrown into the Viceroys's Howdah when the ceremonial
Revolutionary movement for Indian independence
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and Delhi (200 km). The nearest railhead is Bharatpur junction (35 km). Deeg is four hours by road from Delhi, two hours from Agra and one hour from Mathura. Deeg Palace Deeg Palace is a palace 32 km from Bharatpur in Rajasthan, India built in 1772 as a luxurious summer resort for the rulers of Bharatpur State. The palace was in active use till the early 1970s. Deeg was the capital of the Jat kings before they shifted to Bharatpur. Badan Singh, who came to the throne in 1721, built a palace here. Due to its strategic location and proximity
Deeg Palace
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National Archives of India The National Archives of India (NAI) is a repository of the non-current records of the Government of India and holds them in trust for the use of administrators and scholars. Originally established as the Imperial Record Department in 1891, in Calcutta, the capital of British India, the NAI is situated at the intersection of Janpath and Rajpath, in Delhi. It functions as an Attached Office of the Department of Culture under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India. The Imperial Record Department was set up on 11 March 1891 in Calcutta (Kolkata). G.W. Forrest was named
National Archives of India
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the Survey of India and in 1932 to New Delhi. In 1947, most of the British members left India but continued to be members. With more members in Calcutta, it was managed from there and the library moved from the Army headquarters to the Calcutta Light Horse Club in 1948. In 1958 the library moved to the Geological Survey of India and in 1966 it moved to the National Library of India in Calcutta. In 1971, it moved back to New Delhi where it was housed in the Central Secretariat and before moving to the Indian International Centre in 1976
The Himalayan Club
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of India's independence from British rule. Sharman started his working life as a journalist in Lucknow and Calcutta but shifted to Delhi in 1958, where he began writing on the performing arts for several major Indian newspapers. He later moved to London where he wrote on the arts for The Times, London and The Sunday Times . His highly acclaimed book on India music, "Filigree in Sound" was published in London by Andre Deutsch. He has also written columns for the Washington Post in the United States. His theatrical career was launched by Professor Radhakrishnan, President of India with a
Gopal Sharman
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at the Delhi Durbar at which King George V came in person and was crowned Emperor of India. He announced the capital would be moved from Calcutta to Delhi. This period saw an increase in the activities of revolutionary groups, which included Bengal's Anushilan Samiti and the Punjab's Ghadar Party. The British authorities were, however, able to crush violent rebels swiftly, in part because the mainstream of educated Indian politicians opposed violent revolution. The First World War would prove to be a watershed in the imperial relationship between Britain and India. Shortly prior to the outbreak of war, the Government
British Raj
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posts in New Delhi, Calcutta and Kalimpong. The borders were opened for those who wished to visit religious shrines, but China ordered India to withdraw armed forces. China also ordered India to hand over postal, telegraph, and telephone facilities it had been operating in Tibet. A group of Kazakhs were invited to the capital in Ihasa in order to discuss the political status of the group. The trade between Tibet and China started out really strong. China was able to bring silver dollars to Tibet, which was very pleasing. The products were generally unloaded in Tibet by plane and from
CIA Tibetan program
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New Delhi railway station opened ahead of the inauguration of the New Delhi as city in 1931. Agra-Delhi railway track cut through the site earmarked for the hexagonal War Memorial (now called India Gate) and Kingsway (now called Rajpath). East Indian Railway Company shifted the line along the Yamuna river and opened the new track in 1924. Before the new imperial capital New Delhi was established after 1911, the Old Delhi Railway Station served the entire city and the Agra-Delhi railway line cut through what is today called "Lutyens' Delhi" and the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial
Northern Railway zone
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Lady Hardinge Medical College Lady Hardinge Medical College is a medical college for women located in New Delhi, India. Established in 1916, it became part of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi in 1950. The college is funded by the Government of India. When the national capital of India was shifted to Delhi, Lady Hardinge, the wife of the then Viceroy of India, Baron Charles Hardinge, decided to establish a medical college for women, as she recognized that the lack of such a college made it impossible for Indian women to study medicine. The foundation stone was laid
Lady Hardinge Medical College
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After the attack of Timur, the Delhi Sultanate became weak. Dilawar Khan Ghauri was governor of the Malwa province of central India during the decline of the Delhi Sultanate. Dilawar Khan declared himself Sultan of Malwa in 1401, and passed the kingdom to his son Hoshang Shah upon his death. Thus he had practically come to Mandu in 1401 as the first sultan of Malwa. Dilawar had also shifted the capital from Dhar to Mandu, renaming it Shadiabad, the city of joy. The successor of Dilawar Khan Gauri was Hushang Shah Gori (1405–1435), who constructed fort at strategically important Mandsaur
Mandsaur
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an invention of his genius for organization, designed to the last detail for the first British monarch in history to pay a visit to India. In that post, he was responsible for the removal of the capital of India from Calcutta to Delhi, and the reunion of the two Bengals under a Governor-in-Council, as well as commissioning the architect, Sir Edwin Lutyens for his outstanding visionary grand design of New Delhi. He was further honoured in 1911 when he was created Earl of Madeley, in the County of Stafford, and Marquess of Crewe. In at least one of Asquith's cabinet
Robert Crewe-Milnes, 1st Marquess of Crewe
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Acquisition Act" to begin the construction of the Viceroy's House The hill is a slightly elevated portion high, about higher than the surrounding area. In 1911 to transfer the capital of British India from Calcutta (now Kolkata) to Delhi, a planning committee was formed, and a site 3 miles (5 km) south of the existing city of Delhi, around Raisina Hill, was chosen for the new administrative centre. A well-drained, healthy area between the Delhi Ridge and the Yamuna River, it provided ample room for expansion. Raisina Hill Raisina Hill ("Rāyasīnā Pahāṛī"), often used as a metonym for the seat
Raisina Hill
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British Raj, New Delhi, also inaugurated in the same year, and contained in Lutyens' Delhi. The Imperial was built by S.B.S. Ranjit Singh, son of R.B.S. Narain Singh, honoured by the British Raj, at the Coronation Durbar of 1911, wherein New Delhi was declared the new Capital of India from Calcutta. The hotel was restored by its General Manager and Vice President, Mr Harvinder Sekhon, between 1996 and 2001. During his tenure, the Imperial hosted the Queen of the Netherlands, Hollywood actors and actresses, adventurers, and tycoons. He also opened the six restaurants and bars which are called "Spice Route",
The Imperial, New Delhi
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Baghdadi communities grew fast. By the middle of the 19th century trade between Baghdad and India was said to be entirely in Jewish hands. Within a generation Baghdadi Jews had established manufacturing and commercial houses of fabulous wealth, most notably the Sassoon, Ezra, Elias, Belilios, Judah and Meyer families. With the rise of British power in the Subcontinent, Surat declined in importance as British-controlled Calcutta and Bombay became more important in trade. Baghdadi settlement shifted first to Bombay and then principally to Calcutta, then the capital of British India and the centre of the jute, musil, and opium trades. Jewish
Baghdadi Jews
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standard Urdu, as well as Dakhini, and most will put Urdu as their mother tongue on official censuses, and surveys as Dakhini has not been recognized as an official language by India. The Urdu language from Delhi was introduced in the Deccan region during Alauddin Khalji invasion in between 1295 AD to 1316 AD. It became more popular in the Deccan plateau during and after Muhammad bin Tughluq shifted the Sultanate capital from Delhi, making the city of Daulatabad the new capital in 1327 AD. As a revolt against the Sultanate, the Bahmani Sultanate was formed in 1347 AD with
Dakhini
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at school in Amritsar, he joined his father's business of civil construction dealing in the laying of railway tracks and the digging of tunnels. When Hardinge, the Viceroy of India, announced the plan to move the British Indian capital city to Delhi was along with the Coronation Durbar for King George V and the Queen Mary, would take place in Delhi in December 1911, Sujan Singh and 22-year-old Sobha Singh, who was then a contractor working on the Kalka-Shimla railroad, shifted base to Delhi as building contractors. Building contracts then being given out. Sujan Singh-Sobha Singh were accepted as senior-grade
Sobha Singh (builder)
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to prisoners safety and wellbeing. The military commanders of Eastern Command of Pakistani military were held in Fort William in Calcutta, and were transferred by the Air India's commercial plane. Later, the commanders were held in Jabalpur Cantonment. In 1973, majority of the war prisoners were then shifted to Red Fort and Gwalior Fort in New Delhi. The Indian government treated all the war prisoners in strict accordance with the Geneva Convention, ruled in 1925. These ~90,000–97,000 war prisoners were slowly released by India who were repatriated at the Zero Point, Wagah, and the Line of Control (LoC). Before the
Prisoners of war during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
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The activities of the group was marked most famously in 1912 when an attempt was made by Anushilan led by Rash Behari Bose, in coordination with Har Dayal's group in Punjab, to assassinate the Viceroy of India, Charles Hardinge on the occasion of transfer of the national capital from Calcutta to Delhi. The Delhi-Lahore Conspiracy, as it came to be called, culminated on 23 December 1912 when Basant Kumar Biswas successfully bombed the Viceroy's Howdah as the ceremonial procession moved through the Chandni Chowk suburb of Delhi. Although wounded in the attempt, the Viceroy escaped with his injuries, along with
History of the Anushilan Samiti
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Devagiri Express The Devagiri Express is a train service operated by the South Central Railway zone of Indian Railways. The train runs between Mumbai and Secunderabad, primarily running on Secunderabad-Manmad section via Kalyan Junction, Nasik Road, Manmad, Aurangabad, Jalna, Parbhani, Purna, Nanded and Nizamabad. The train shares its rakes with Simhapuri Express. The train started as a daily train between Mumbai and Aurangabad. Devagiri, Devgiri or Deogiri is the ancient name of the town of Daulatabad near Aurangabad. Devagiri was once the capital of India during Muhammad bin Tughluq's rule who shifted his capital from New Delhi to Devagiri and
Devagiri Express
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an English periodical named "The Comrade" in honour of Maulana Mohammad Ali's eponymous original. The Comrade The Comrade was a weekly English-language newspaper that was published and edited by Maulana Mohammad Ali between 1911 and 1914. Mohammad Ali was a forceful orator and writer, contributing articles to various newspapers including "The Times", "The Observer" and "The Manchester Guardian" before he launched "The Comrade". Produced on expensive paper, "The Comrade" quickly gained circulation and influence becoming famous even internationally, securing subscribers in several foreign countries. The paper, launched from Calcutta, shifted to Delhi, the newly announced capital of the Raj, in
The Comrade
4964390
History of Kolkata Kolkata, formerly known as Calcutta in English, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is located in eastern India on the east bank of the River Hooghly. The city was a colonial city developed by the British East India Company and then by the British Empire. Kolkata was the capital of the British Indian empire until 1911 when the capital was relocated to Delhi. Kolkata grew rapidly in the 19th century to become the second city of the British Indian Empire. This was accompanied by the development of a culture that fused European
History of Kolkata
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Babur reputedly described it as "the pearl in the necklace of the forts of Hind". This fort's architecture is unique. It displays a Chinese influence on Indian architecture, as Chinese dragons have been crafted at the hilt of the pillars. This influence was due to trade between China and India at the time of the fort's construction. After the death of Sher Shah Suri in 1545, who was ruling North India at that time, his son Islam Shah shifted his capital from Delhi to Gwalior and constructed 'Sher Shah Mandir' (or 'Sher Shah Fort') in his father's memory. Islam Shah
Gwalior
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was finished, [[King George V]] announced the transfer of the capital of India from Calcutta to [[New Delhi]]. Thus, the Victoria Memorial was built in what would be a provincial city rather than a capital. [[File:Victoria by nabarun.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Illumination.]] The Victoria Memorial was funded by Indian states, individuals of the [[British Raj]] and the British government in London. The princes and people of India responded generously to Lord Curzon's appeal for funds, and the total cost of construction of the monument, amounting to one crore, five lakhs of rupees, was entirely derived from their voluntary subscriptions. [[File:Victoria memorial 000.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Victoria Memorial]] The
Victoria Memorial, Kolkata
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Sher Shah Suri, from Sasaram, took northern India from the Mughals, defeating the Mughal army of Emperor Humayun. Sher Shah declared Delhi his capital. From the 11th century to the 20th century, Mithila was ruled by various indigenous dynasties. The first of these where the Karnatas, followed by the Oinwar dynasty and finally Raj Darbhanga. It was during this period that the capital of Mithila was shifted to Darbhanga. The tenth and the last "Guru" of Sikhism, Guru Gobind Singh was born in Patna. After the Battle of Buxar (1764), the British East India Company obtained the diwani rights (rights
Bihar
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unit was re-organized twice in 1895 & 1938 there was no change in its title. It also retained its title throughout its existence until 1947, when it was disbanded. In 1865, it had Mahratta troopers only from SMH but later Sikhs, Deccani Muslims and Punjabi Muslims also served in the unit. In 1912, the capital of India was transferred from Calcutta to Delhi & the Viceroy, along with Governor General's Body Guard, moved to Delhi and Bengal got the status of the Presidency just like Bombay & Madras. At that time, Capt. Rivers Berney Worgan of 20th Deccan Horse raised
President's Bodyguard
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1996). Chakravarti, P.C. "The Art of War in Ancient India" (New Delhi: Low Price Publications, 1993). Das, H.C., "Military History of Kalinga" (Calcutta: Punthi Pustak, 1986). Dikshitar, V.R. Ramachandra. "War in Ancient India" (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1987). Kautilya, "Arthashastra". Translated by S. Sastri, Mysore, 1923. Majumdar, Bimal Kanti. "The Military System in Ancient India" (Calcutta: Firma K.L. Mukhopadhyay, 1960). Marshall, Sir John Hubert. "A Guide to Taxila" (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960). McCrindle, John W. "Ancient India as Described by Megasthenes and Arrian" (New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 2000). Narain, A.K., "The Indo-Greeks" (Delhi: B.R. Publishing Corporation, 2003). Sastri, K.A.
Chandragupta (board game)
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business life from Calcutta, later he shifted to Delhi and lived in Birla House till his death. Jugal Kishore Birla was a Hindu activist and donated monies to various Hindu organisations of India like Hindu Mahasabha and Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh at the same time supporting finances of Mahatma Gandhi and Indian National Congress and India's freedom movement, which were looked after together by Ghanshaymdas Birla and others.> In 1920 he along with his brother Ghanshaym Das donated funds to start girls school under their private trust a school named Marwari Balika Vidyalaya, which has now grown into the noted Shri
Jugal Kishore Birla
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rail from the Sui region in Balochistan. Karachi's importance as a gateway to British India increased in 1911 when the capital was moved from Calcutta to Delhi. Karachi was an important military base during the First World War (1914–18) because it was the first British raj port of call for ships coming through the Suez Canal and was the gateway to Afghanistan and the Russian Empire. In 1936 the Sindh district of the Bombay Presidency was reorganised as a new province with Karachi as the capital instead of the traditional capital of Hyderabad. This led to new public services and
Port of Karachi
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Now College provides these Undergraduate Programs: Maharaja Agrasen College Maharaja Agrasen College is a college of the University of Delhi, located in Vasundhara Enclave (East Delhi), National Capital Region of Delhi. Maharaja Agrasen College was established in 1994 with the objective of catering to the educational requirements of a densely populated East Delhi. The college is fully funded by the Government of India. The college has now shifted to its modern and spacious building complex covering in Vasundhara Enclave, Delhi. It includes an auditorium, a computer centre, fully computerized library, laboratories, and a conference hall. The new building complex has
Maharaja Agrasen College
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Maharaja Agrasen College Maharaja Agrasen College is a college of the University of Delhi, located in Vasundhara Enclave (East Delhi), National Capital Region of Delhi. Maharaja Agrasen College was established in 1994 with the objective of catering to the educational requirements of a densely populated East Delhi. The college is fully funded by the Government of India. The college has now shifted to its modern and spacious building complex covering in Vasundhara Enclave, Delhi. It includes an auditorium, a computer centre, fully computerized library, laboratories, and a conference hall. The new building complex has acquired several new facilities like an
Maharaja Agrasen College
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and the Agra-Delhi railway line cut through what is today called "Lutyens' Delhi" and the site earmarked for the hexagonal All-India War Memorial (now "India Gate") and Kingsway (now "Rajpath"). The railway line was shifted along Yamuna river and opened in 1924 to make way for the new capital. Minto (now "Shivaji") and Hardinge (now "Tilak") rail bridges came up for this realigned line. The East Indian Railway Company, that overlooked railways in the region, sanctioned the construction of a single story building and a single platform between Ajmeri Gate and Paharganj in 1926. This was later known as New
New Delhi railway station
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Thus, irrigation is not an issue for the farmers and they are easily able to harvest more than two crops a year. Kunjpura Kunjpura is a village in Karnal district, Haryana (prior to 1966 Punjab state), India, about 10 km northeast of Karnal city and about 130 km north of the national capital, Delhi. It is on the right bank (west bank) of the Yamuna River, off the Grand Trunk Road that runs from Amritsar to Delhi and further on to Calcutta. Kunjpura was founded by Nawab Najabat Khan in 1729. Kunjpura village has a fort with a long history.
Kunjpura
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is that of Kashmere Gate, first started in 1910 and still celebrated with the same fervour and traditions. Kali Bari in Mandir Marg temple built in 1930. The Big wave of Bengali settled when Calcutta and Delhi were first connected by train in 1864, thereafter with the shifting of capital to New Delhi in 1911, the shifting to government employees' followed logically. The Next big wave settled in 1947 and 1971. Initially employees from central government departments like Post and Telegraph, Government of India Press, Accountant General of Central Revenues (AGCR) and Railways were settled in Timarpur; thereafter in 1924,
Chittaranjan Park
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plant of The Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation Limited was commissioned at Emambagh Lane near Prinsep Ghat, heralding the beginning of thermal power generation in India. The Calcutta Tramways Company switched to electricity from horse-drawn carriages in 1902. Three new power generating stations were started by 1906. The company was shifted to the Victoria House in Dharmatala, Kolkata in 1933, and still operates from this address. In 1970, the control of the Company was transferred from London to Calcutta. In 1978 it was named "The Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation (India) Ltd." The RPG Group was associated with The Calcutta Electric Supply
CESC Limited
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under this new ownership was Pran Chopra. "The Statesman" is characterized by its terse reporting style. It holds an independent anti-establishment position. It opposed the shifting of India's capital from Calcutta to New Delhi in 1911, stating that "[t]he British have gone to the city of graveyards to be buried there". It also strenuously opposed Indira Gandhi's Emergency in 1975-77. Under the editor Ian Stephens (who was editor from 1942 to 1951), the newspaper published highly disturbing images, on 22 and 29 August 1943, of the effects of the Bengal famine of 1943, despite the British colonial government's attempts at
The Statesman (India)
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BI's coal mines in India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862,
Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company
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was then part of the Ottoman Empire. While soldiers from Jodhpur and Mysore took field in the actual war, those from Hyderabad were employed in maintaining communication channels and serving the injured. The Jodhpur soldiers led by Major Dalpat Singh Shekhawat were at the forefront and won the Haifa war with the help of Mysore and Hyderabad forces. Major Shekhawat died fighting at Haifa. He is known as Hero of Haifa. In 1911 the decision was made to transfer the winter capital of British India from Calcutta to Delhi (Simla remained the summer capital for the remainder of colonial rule).
Teen Murti Bhavan
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the Chairman of the Bank. In 1951, PNB acquired the 39 branches of Bharat Bank (est. 1942). Bharat Bank became Bharat Nidhi Ltd. In 1960, PNB again shifted its head office, this time from Calcutta to Delhi. In 1961, PNB acquired Universal Bank of India, which Ramakrishna Jain had established in 1938 in Dalmianagar, Bihar. PNB also amalgamated Indo Commercial Bank (est. 1932 by S. N. N. Sankaralinga Iyer) in a rescue. In 1963, The Burmese revolutionary government nationalized PNB's branch in Rangoon (Yangon). This became People's Bank No. 7. After the Indo-Pak war, in September 1965 the government of
Punjab National Bank
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by the Tanwar chief Anangpal I around 731AD and expanded by AnangPal II in the 11thcentury, who shifted his capital to Lal Kot from Kannaujs The Tanwars were defeated by the Chauhans in the 12th century. Prithviraj Chauhan further expanded the fort and called it Qila Rai Pithora. He was defeated and killed in 1192 by Mohammed Ghori, who put his general Qutb-ud-din Aybak in charge and returned to Afghanistan. Subsequently in 1206, after the death of Mohammed Ghori, Qutubuddin enthroned himself as the first Sultan of Delhi. Thus Delhi became the capital of the Mamluk dynasty of Delhi (Slave
Mehrauli
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originated in Delhi, stand arranged in a semicircle around the King's statue. They are thought to be those of Sir Guy Fleetwood Wilson and Viceroys Lord Willingdon, Lord Irwin and Lord Hardinge. However, there are no inscriptions indicating the names of the other individuals depicted here. The park is enclosed by high steel fencing, whose well guarded entrance gate has a plaque which proclaims:"This memorial was erected to commemorate the Coronation Durbar of King George V and Queen Mary held in December 1911. On this occasion the King announced the transfer of the capital of British India from Calcutta to
Coronation Park, Delhi
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Delhi Female Medical Mission The Delhi Female Medical Mission (DFMM) was a medical mission in Delhi, India that was founded in the mid-19th century by an Indian-born Englishwoman named Priscilla Winter. The organization started as a dispensary along the Yamuna River in Delhi, but over time developed into a mission, which was then established as St. Stephen’s Hospital for Women and Children, a hospital that remains in operation today. Priscilla Winter (née Sandys) was born in Calcutta, India to two Anglican missionaries. Winter spent the majority of her childhood in England, but returned to Calcutta in 1858 at the age
Delhi Female Medical Mission
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which effectively made the Bengali Hindus a minority in the united province of Bengal. The Britishers also transferred the capital from Calcutta to New Delhi. The revolutionary movement gained momentum after the Partition. Bengali revolutionaries collaborated with the Germans during the War to liberate British India. Later the revolutionaries defeated the British army in the Battle of Jalalabad and liberated Chittagong. During the Quit India Movement, the revolutionaries liberated the Tamluk and Contai subdivision of Midnapore district from British rule and established the Tamralipta National Government. The British, unable to control the revolutionary activities, decided to hinder the Bengali Hindu
Bengali Hindus
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Naan qalia Naan qalia is a dish that originates from Aurangabad in India. It is a concoction of mutton and a variety of spices. "Naan" is a bread made in a tandoor (hot furnace), while "qalia" is a mixture of mutton and various spices. When Mohammad Tughlaq shifted his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad, there was a mass exodus of people from Delhi to Daulatabad. On the way to Daulatabad, the huge army of Tughlaq was exhausted. It was a difficult task to provide such a big army with food, and the "bawarchis" (cooks) dug a hot furnace and rolled
Naan qalia
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India Command Following the Kitchener Reforms of 1903 during the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India, enjoyed control of the Army of India and answered to the civilian Viceroy of India. The Commander-in-Chief's staff was overseen by the Chief of the General Staff. GHQ India was based in Calcutta and Simla (the winter capital of the Raj) until the seat of power moved to New Delhi in 1911. In addition to India, it was responsible at varying periods for parts of the Middle East (in particular Aden Settlement and, later, Aden Colony, as well as Iraq and Persia). For significant periods
India Command
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the Delhi – Calcutta line and via the old GT Road to many major cities in India. There are two train stations, Khurja Junction which is on the main Delhi – Calcutta line and Khurja City which serves to district headquarter Bulandshahr & Meerut. Khurja can be reached by road or train. A drive from Delhi on a direct route has heavy traffic and takes about two and a half hours. Time can be saved by taking the expressway from Delhi to Noida, then the Dankaur station road to Sikandrabad, which is 37 km from Khurja. Khurja has three bus
Khurja
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Delhi and Varanasi to New Delhi . It also connects Lucknow/Varanasi to Delhi, Agra, Khajuraho, Calcutta, Mumbai, Lucknow and Bhubaneswar. Pratapgarh is an important and major rail junction. The city is served by trains from all metros and major cities across the country. New Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Gwalior, Kolkata, Allahabad, Lucknow, Dehradun, Banglore, Jammu. The city has direct rail connections. Pratapgarh, on National Highway 56 (India) from Lucknow to Pratapgarh, is connected literally to the rest of the country by good motor-able, all – weather roads. Some important road distances are: Agra 530 km., Allahabad 80 km., Bhopal 761
Ghuisarnath Temple
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city in Mandsaur district in Madhya Pradesh state of India. The Mandsaur city is situated on the border of Malwa and Mewar and as such is strategically very important. After the attack of Timur, the Delhi Sultanate became weak. Dilawar Khan Ghauri was governor of the Malwa province of central India during the decline of the Delhi Sultanate. Dilawar Khan declared himself Sultan of Malwa in 1401, and passed the kingdom to his son Hoshang Shah upon his death. Thus he had practically come to Mandu in 1401 as the first King of Malwa. Dilawar had also shifted the capital
Mandsaur
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sinking differences of caste, creed and colour under the sheer compulsion to interact and survive together. The compulsion has grown stronger ever since, as has the spirit it fostered. Hence Calcutta did not disintegrate when the capital was shifted to New Delhi in 1912. It has kept growing and living by the ever-renewed confidence and vitality of its inherent human forces.” Kolkata district lies between 22.037’ and 22.030’ North latitude and 88.023’ and 88.018’ East longitude. It occupies the east bank of the Hooghly in the lower Ganges Delta. The alluvial plain has an average elevation of 6.4 metres (17
Kolkata district
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but flawed book." He added, "Wolpert's narrative is rather bloodless; the characters on its pages are largely just names, with little physical description, social background or political context provided. Two skimpy chapters on Gandhi's legacy are all that justify the book's subtitle... the book is riddled with minor errors unworthy of a historian of Wolpert's eminence, ranging from the description of Ahmedabad in 1887 as the capital of Gujarat, a state that did not come into existence till the 1950s, to placing the British Viceroy in 1925 in Calcutta, though British India had moved its capital to Delhi in 1911...
Stanley Wolpert
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was a centre of the East India Company's opium trade. The partition of Bengal in 1905 along religious lines led to mass protests, making Calcutta a less hospitable place for the British. The capital was moved to New Delhi in 1911. Calcutta continued to be a centre for revolutionary organisations associated with the Indian independence movement. The city and its port were bombed several times by the Japanese between 1942 and 1944, during World War II. Coinciding with the war, millions starved to death during the Bengal famine of 1943 due to a combination of military, administrative, and natural factors.
Kolkata
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Jazz in India Jazz music in India originated in the 1920s in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) and in Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta), where African-American jazz musicians performed. They inspired Goan musicians who then imbibed jazz into the sounds of India’s Hindi film music industry. There has been much interaction between Indian music and jazz music. An active jazz scene exists today in cities like Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay), Pune, Delhi, Goa, and Kolkata. In India, jazz was probably first performed regularly in the metropoles Calcutta and Bombay in the early or middle 1920s. The era from the
Jazz in India
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Dhimals: A Little Known Tribal Community. Occasional Paper No. 9, Dr. Ambedkar Chair in Anthropology, Deptt. of Anthropology, Calcutta University. Endle 1911. The Kacharis, cited on ST Das 1978. The People of the Eastern Himalaya. New Delhi: Sagar Publication. Gautam Rajesh, Thapa-Magar Ashok K 1994. Tribal Ethnography of Nepal (vol-1). Delhi: Book Faith India. Grierson George Abraham 1926. Linguistic Survey of India, Vol-III Tibeto-Burman Family, Part-I. Calcutta: Govt. of India, Central Publication Branch. Hodgson Brian Houghton 1847. Essay the first on the Kocch, Bodo and Dhimal Tribes, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press. Hodgson Brian Houghton 1849. On the Origin, Location, Numbers,
Dhimal
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Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company (C&BSN) was formed in 1856 and was the immediate forerunner of British India Steam Navigation Company (BISN). The company was formed out of Mackinnon, Mackenzie & Co, a trading partnership of the Scots William Mackinnon and Robert Mackenzie, who had set up their business in Calcutta, India. Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation was founded with initial capital of £35,000 to perform a mail contract, which had been won from the Indian government, between Calcutta, Rangoon and Moulmein. The contract was renewed in 1862, when the service was extended
Calcutta and Burmah Steam Navigation Company
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All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS New Delhi; IAST: "Akhil Bhāratiya Āyurvignan Samsthān, Naī Dillī") is a medical college and medical research public university based in New Delhi, India. AIIMS was established in 1956 and operates autonomously under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. AIIMS New Delhi is governed by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956. AIIMS was established in 1956 in New Delhi after then Prime Minister of India Jawaharlal Nehru's initial proposal to set up the institute in Calcutta was turned down by
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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Sir Rowland, but familiarly known as Macdonald Stephenson) and three assistants travelled from England in 1845 and ""with diligence and discretion"" surveyed, statistically studied and costed the potential traffic for a railway route from Calcutta (the then commercial capital of India) to Delhi via Mirzapur. They assessed that the maximum cost of a twin-track line would not exceed £15000 per mile if the land was available without charge. The East Indian Railway Company was then formed and raised money in London. A contract was signed between the East India Company and the East Indian Railway Company on 17 August 1849,
East Indian Railway Company
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build IRA as a powerful movement to spread scientific attitude and to live life freed from superstitious belief. He left for Canada on domestic and personal grounds around the time that Joseph Edamaruku, a staunch rationalist activist and writer of atheist literature, was made one of the Vice-Presidents of IRA. Edamaruku along with his family had already shifted from his home town at Kottayam in Kerala to New Delhi and settled there. Edamaruku vented his strong desire to shift the headquarters of IRA to New Delhi, the capital city of India. Since there were no responsible activists available in Madras
Indian Rationalist Association
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Ajay Bisaria Ajay Bisaria is an Indian diplomat who is currently the High Commissioner of India to Pakistan. Prior to this appointment, Bisaria was earlier served as the Private Secretary to the then Prime Minister of India Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Bisaria got his initial education in the cities of Mumbai and New Delhi. He graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Economics from St. Stephen's College, Delhi in 1983. Bisaria also has a Master's in Business Administration from Indian Institute of Management, Calcutta and another in Public policy obtained from Princeton University. He is a 1987 batch officer of the Indian
Ajay Bisaria
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Seen behind the India Gate is an impressive Chhatri, which displayed the statue of King George V till 1968. This statue has been shifted to the Coronation Park, Delhi, which was the site of the declaration of the new capital of Delhi. The Chhatri is now devoid of any statue since there is a protracted discussion on which National leader's statue should be installed there. There is an impressive set of a large central steel gates flanked by asymmetrically designed smaller gates that provides entry into the Rashtrapati Bhavan (President's palace). A commemorative column called the Jaipur Column with a
Gates of Delhi
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Governor of West Bengal The Governor of West Bengal is a nominal head and representative of the President of India in the state of West Bengal. The governor is appointed by the president for a term of five years. His official residence is the Raj Bhavan. Keshari Nath Tripathi became the governor on 24 July 2014. In 1912 the Imperial capital of India was moved from Calcutta to Delhi and as some compensation to Bengal the lieutenant governor with council gave place to a governor with a council thus completing the circle and reverting to the position which had been
Governor of West Bengal
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Air pollution in Delhi The air quality in Delhi, the capital of India, according to a WHO survey of 1600 world cities, is the worst of any major city in the world.<ref name="GARDINER HARRIS, 14/2"></ref> Air pollution in India is estimated to kill 1.5 million people every year; it is the fifth largest killer in India. India has the world's highest death rate from chronic respiratory diseases and asthma, according to the WHO. In Delhi, poor quality air irreversibly damages the lungs of 2.2 million or 50 percent of all children. Air quality index of Delhi is generally Moderate (101-200)
Air pollution in Delhi
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ancient world. During their history, the Pandyas were repeatedly in conflict with the Pallavas, Cholas, Hoysalas and finally the Muslim invaders from the Delhi Sultanate. The Islamic invasion led to the end of Pandyan supremacy in South India and in 1323, the Jaffna Kingdom of Sri Lanka declared its independence from the crumbling Pandyan Empire. The Pandyans lost their capital city Madurai to Madurai Sultanate in 1335. However, they shifted their capital to Tenkasi and continued to rule the Tirulnelveli, Tuticorin, Ramanad, Sivagangai regions. Meanwhile, Madurai sultanate was replaced by Nayaka governors of Vijayanagara in 1378. In 1529 Nayaka governors
Pandyan dynasty
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the end of Seventies he shifted his base to New Delhi where he invented his narrative language of the Bengali diaspora, i.e. of people who live outside West Bengal. Rabindra Guha came to India with his parents during the Partition of India and toiled for a foothold. He was good at studies and chose the profession of a management adviser to various institutions. He left his profession to become a full-scale writer when he shifted to New Delhi. There with his son he started a venture in Television production. A group which called itself Dilli Haaters developed around him. Prominent
Rabindra Guha
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higher than Delhi average of 871. Holambi Kalan has lower literacy rate compared to Delhi. In 2011, the literacy rate of Holambi Kalan was 67.50% compared to 86.21% of Delhi. In Holambi Kalan Male literacy stands at 76.09% while female literacy rate was 57.27%. Holambi Kalan is administrated by Sarpanch (Head of Village), who is an elected representative. Holambi Kalan mostly plain area. The elevation of Holambi Kalan from sea level is 210m. It falls in time Calcutta/India Timezone . Holambi Kalan Holambi Kalan is a suburban area in the Narela Sub Division of the North West Delhi district of
Holambi Kalan
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did not succeed. Graduates of the National College, which he founded inside the Bradlaugh Hall at Lahore as an alternative to British institutions, included Bhagat Singh. He was elected President of the Indian National Congress in the Calcutta Special Session of 1920. In 1921, he founded Servants of the People Society, a non-profit welfare organisation, in Lahore, which shifted its base to Delhi after partition, and has branches in many parts of India. Lajpat Rai travelled to the US in 1907, and then returned during World War I. He toured Sikh communities along the US West Coast; visited Tuskegee University
Lala Lajpat Rai
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London, Bombay, Calcutta and Delhi, including a 25-year career (culminating as group advertising manager) for "The Statesman". His paternal uncle was Tharoor Parameshwaran, the founder of "Readers Digest" in India. After his parents returned to India, Tharoor boarded at Montfort School, Yercaud, in 1962, subsequently moving to Bombay (now Mumbai) and studying at the Campion School (1963–68). He spent his high school years at St. Xavier's Collegiate School in Calcutta (1969–71). He graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in history from St Stephen's College, University of Delhi. In 1975, he moved to the United States to pursue graduate studies at
Shashi Tharoor
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A Study of Popular Resistance" (Delhi, 1984, repr. 2002), "Spectre of Violence: The 1857 Kanpur Massacres" (Delhi, 1988), and "Mangal Pandey: Brave Martyr or Accidental Hero?" (Penguin India). He has taught history at the University of Calcutta and held visiting appointments at Princeton University, the University of Manchester, the University of California, Santa Cruz and the Young India Fellowship, New Delhi. At the Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta (CSSSC), which he had joined as a Junior Research Fellow in 1975, he was involved in issues concerning the ascendancy of the North in the production of knowledge. He has
Rudrangshu Mukherjee
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Praveen Nischol Praveen Nischol is a producer, director and writer. He has made Feature Films, T.V. Serials and T.V. Commercials. He is the younger brother of Late Bollywood Actor Navin Nischol. Praveen Nischol was born in Delhi and had his early education in Park English School in Calcutta, wherein Class 8 he was awarded the Gold medal for the most outstanding student of the year. From his early years, he was very active on stage in acting and debates in which he won many awards. After class 8 he shifted to Delhi and finished his schooling at Delhi Public School,
Praveen Nischol
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of Rochester Press, 2016 . Jazz in India Jazz music in India originated in the 1920s in Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay) and in Kolkata (formerly known as Calcutta), where African-American jazz musicians performed. They inspired Goan musicians who then imbibed jazz into the sounds of India’s Hindi film music industry. There has been much interaction between Indian music and jazz music. An active jazz scene exists today in cities like Mumbai (formerly known as Bombay), Pune, Delhi, Goa, and Kolkata. In India, jazz was probably first performed regularly in the metropoles Calcutta and Bombay in the early or middle
Jazz in India
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became the Central Organization for Railway Electrification (CORE). India's first metro train ran from Esplanade to Bhowanipur (now the Netaji Bhawan station) in Calcutta on 24 October 1984, and the Calcutta Metro was the country's first rapid-transit line. In 1986, computerized ticketing and reservations were introduced in New Delhi. The Shatabdi Express, India's fastest train, was introduced between New Delhi and Jhansi in 1988; the line was later extended to Bhopal. In 1990, the first self-printing ticket machine (SPTM) was introduced in New Delhi. Air-conditioned, three-tier coaches and a sleeper class (separate from Second Class) were introduced in 1993. On
History of rail transport in India
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Malwa Sultanate The Malwa Sultanate was a late medieval kingdom presumably of Turkic origin, in the Malwa region of the present day Madhya Pradesh state in India in 1392–1562. The sultanate of Malwa was founded by Dilawar Khan Ghuri, the governor of Malwa for the Delhi Sultanate, who asserted his independence in 1392, but did not actually assume the ensigns of royalty till 1401. Initially Dhar was the capital of the new kingdom, but soon it was shifted to Mandu, which was renamed Shadiabad (the city of joy). After his death, he was succeeded by his son Alp Khan, who
Malwa Sultanate
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Studies In The Tantras Part-I, 1939 : Calcutta University 6. India and China: a thousand years of cultural relations. Published in Greater India Society, Bulletin 2, Calcutta in 1927 First Edition 1944, China Press, Calcutta Second Edition 1950, Hind Kitab, Bombay Third Edition 1951, Philosophical Library, New York Fourth Edition 1981, Saraswat Library, Calcutta Fifth Edition 2008, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd, New Delhi. . Chinese Translation "Zhong-Yin Qiannian Shi" 2008, Indian Embassy, Beijing. . 7. India and Central Asia: 1955, National Council of Education, Jadavpur, Calcutta 8. Caryagiti Kosa : P. C. Bagchi & Shanti Bhiksu Sastri 1956, Visva
Prabodh Chandra Bagchi
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brief expedition into Sikkim. The Tibetans occupied several of Sikkim's northern border forts, and the Chogyal and his wife were held prisoner by the British when they came to negotiate at Calcutta. In 1888, the Tibetans were defeated and northern Sikkim came under the rule of British India. The British established new landholdings in Sikkim, but released the Chogyal only to have him captured again in 1891. In 1894, the capital was shifted to Gangtok. In 1895, the Chogyal was released, but the British governors in India reneged on an agreement – the Ten Clauses Agreement – which returned sovereignty
History of Sikkim