who translated the story of my experiments with truth in english
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the 20th Century" by a committee of global spiritual and religious authorities. This section is written by Mahadev Desai who translated the book from Gujarati to English in 1940. In this preface Desai notes that the book was originally published in two volumes, the first in 1927 and second in 1929. He also mentions that the original was priced at and had a run of five editions by the time of the writing of his preface. 50,000 copies had been sold in Gujarati but since the English edition was expensive it prevented Indians from purchasing it. Desai notes the need
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the 20th Century" by a committee of global spiritual and religious authorities. This section is written by Mahadev Desai who translated the book from Gujarati to English in 1940. In this preface Desai notes that the book was originally published in two volumes, the first in 1927 and second in 1929. He also mentions that the original was priced at and had a run of five editions by the time of the writing of his preface. 50,000 copies had been sold in Gujarati but since the English edition was expensive it prevented Indians from purchasing it. Desai notes the need
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He wrote several biographies such as "Sant Francis" (1934), "Vir Vallabhbhai"(1928) and "Be Khudsi Khidmatgar" ("excavation")which was a biography of Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan and his brother. From Bengali, Mahadev Desai translated the short stories of Saratchandra Chattopadhyaya (1923), the novella "Virajvahu" (1924) and some of Tagore's poems into Gujarati. He also translated into Gujarati from English, Nehru's "Autobiography" in 1936. The English translation of Gandhi's autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", from its Gujarati original was also done by Desai. He was also a regular contributor to Gandhi's publications "Young India", "Navjivan" and the "Harijanbandhu". "Mahadevbhaini Dayari"
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The Story of My Experiments with Truth The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mohandas K. Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through to 1921. It was written in weekly instalments and published in his journal "Navjivan" from 1925 to 1929. Its English translation also appeared in installments in his other journal "Young India". It was initiated at the insistence of Swami Anand and other close co-workers of Gandhi, who encouraged him to explain the background of his public campaigns. In 1999, the book was designated as one of the "100 Best Spiritual Books of
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to bring out a cheaper English version. He also mentions that the translation has been revised by an English scholar who did not want his name to be published. Chapters XXIX-XLIII of Part V were translated by Desai's friend and colleague Pyarelal. The introduction is written by Gandhi himself mentioning how he has resumed writing his autobiography at the insistence of Jeramdas, a fellow prisoner in Yerwada Central Jail with him. He mulls over the question a friend asked him about writing an autobiography, deeming it a Western practice, something "nobody does in the east". Gandhi himself agrees that his
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1925–1928, which was published from Ahmedabad, India. "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" was first published in the United States in 1948 by Public Affairs Press of Washington, DC. Gandhi wrote in his autobiography that the three most important modern influences in his life were Leo Tolstoy's "The Kingdom of God Is Within You", John Ruskin's "Unto This Last", and the poet Shrimad Rajchandra (Raychandbhai). The Story of My Experiments with Truth The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mohandas K. Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through to 1921. It was written in
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of "Young India" and continued till that of 3 February 1929. The first edition of the English translation "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" was published in two volumes: the first containing three parts was issued in 1927, and the second, containing parts IV and V, in 1929. The second revised edition of the autobiography was issued in 1940 with a new title: "An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth". The edition of the autobiography placed on the Portal is not only the first English edition, it is that copy on which careful revisions from the
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Narayan Hemchandra Narayan Hemchandra (1855–1904) was a Gujarati writer, translator and poet who influenced Mohandas K. Gandhi. Gandhi met him in England and described him as a queerly-looking and queerly dressed person, and thought he smelled really bad. But he was not ashamed of his looks, clothes or poor English. Gandhiji observed in "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" his great penchant to learn foreign languages to read their literature. He had translated writings of Rabindranath Tagore in Gujarati language as well as written a biography on Prophet Mohammed. "Dharmik Purusho" (June 1893), published by Gujarat Vernacular Society contains
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Maomao (Deng Rong). It was translated from its Russian translation into Kyrgyz language and has been published by the Roza Otunbayeva Initiatives International Public Foundation (Bishkek, 2015. - 592 pages, ill. – The Personalities with the Exemplary Life Series. - .) The other translators are Mr. Esenbai Nurushev and Mr. Abibilla Pazylov. <br> In November 2015 he has finished the translation of a book entitled "An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth" by Mahatma Gandhi (from English into Kyrgyz). The "Roza Otunbayeva Initiative" International Public Foundation published the book in Kyrgyzstan in the framework of the Personalities
Tyntchtykbek Tchoroev
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in the newspaper "Milli Gazete". In 2003 his first story book "Olmaz Hayal" (Impossible Fancy) and in 2006 his first novel "Yalnızlık Rüyası" (Solitude Dream) were published. The author has also translated Edith Nesbit's "The Railway Children", and prepared a story anthology of Edgar Allan Poe in Turkish. He has also translated the autobiography of the Indian national hero Mahatma Gandhi ("Autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi: The Story of My Experiments With Truth"). He has also written studies of Turkish classic novels. "Olmaz Hayal" ("Impossible Fancy") (2003) "Yalnızlık Rüyası" ("Solitude Dream") (2006) Emre Miyasoğlu Emre Miyasoğlu (born 26 October 1981 in
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stings me. To conquer the subtle passions is far harder than the physical conquest of the world by the force of arms," Gandhi writes in his "Farewell" to the readers, a suitable conclusion for an autobiography that he never intended to be an autobiography, but a tale of experiments with life, and with truth. After its initiation, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" remained in the making for 4–5 years (including the time while Gandhi was imprisoned at Yerwada Central Jail near Pune, Maharashtra), and then it first appeared as a series in the weekly Gujarati magazine "Navjivan" during
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thoughts might change later in life but the purpose of his story is just to narrate his experiments with truth in life. He also says that through this book he wishes to narrate his spiritual and moral experiments rather than political. The first part narrates incidents of Gandhi's childhood, his experiments with eating meat, smoking, drinking, stealing and subsequent atonement. There are two texts that had a lasting influence on Gandhi, both of which he read in childhood. He records the profound impact of the play "Harishchandra" and says,"I read it with intense interest...It haunted me and I must have
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Omeo Kumar Das Omeo Kumar Das (21 May 1895 – 23 January 1975), popularly addressed as Lok Nayak, was an Indian social worker, Gandhian, educationist, writer and a former Minister at the Government of Assam. He held various ministerial portfolios such as Education, Labour and Food and Civil Supplies, during various periods, in the state of Assam. He translated "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, into Assamese language and contributed to the implementation of "Tea Plantation Worker’s Provident Fund" in the state. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of
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the life sketches of twelve prophets and saints like Chaitanya, Nanak, Kabir and Ramakrishna. "Hu Pote" (1900) was the first autobiography published in Gujarati language though the first autobiography was written by Narmad (published in 1933). Narayan Hemchandra Narayan Hemchandra (1855–1904) was a Gujarati writer, translator and poet who influenced Mohandas K. Gandhi. Gandhi met him in England and described him as a queerly-looking and queerly dressed person, and thought he smelled really bad. But he was not ashamed of his looks, clothes or poor English. Gandhiji observed in "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" his great penchant to
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Later, Gandhi also had difficulty being admitted to hotels, and saw that his fellow-Indians, who were mostly manual laborers, experienced even more unjust treatment. Very soon after his arrival, Gandhi's initial bafflement and indignation at racist policies turned into a growing sense of outrage and propelled him into assuming a position as a public figure at the assembly of Transvaal Indians, where he delivered his first speech urging Indians not to accept inequality but instead to unite, work hard, learn English and observe clean living habits. Although Gandhi's legal work soon start to keep him busy, he found time to
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acted Harishchandra to myself times without number." Another text he mentions reading that deeply affected him was "Shravana Pitrabhakti Nataka", a play about Shravana's devotion to his parents. Gandhi got married at the age of 13. In his words, "It is my painful duty to have to record here my marriage at the age of thirteen...I can see no moral argument in support of such a preposterously early marriage." Another important event documented in this part is the demise of Gandhi's father Karamchand Gandhi. Gandhi wrote the book to deal with his experiment for truth. His disdain for physical training
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Servants of India Society, Sastri developed a close attachment with Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi often addressed Srinivasa Sastri as his "elder brother" in all their correspondences. However, despite their friendship, during his tenure as President, Srinivasa Sastri opposed Gandhi's presence in the Servants of India Society. When Gandhi sought Sastri's advice before launching his non-cooperation movement, he counselled him against it. In his later years, Sastri sternly advised Mahatma Gandhi against accepting the Muslim League demand for partition. Srinivasa Sastri corrected mistakes in the manuscript of "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", the English translation of Gandhi's autobiography and also
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The Story of My Wife The Story of My Wife: The Reminiscences of Captain Storr is a Hungarian novel by Milán Füst. First published in Hungary in 1946 it was eventually translated into English by Ivan Sanders in 1988. The book is written as if it is a memoir and tells the story of captain Jacob Storr, a Hungarian man who suspects his wife of infidelity. Storr, a Hungarian naval captain, tells the story of his unhappy marriage to his wife, Lizzy, a Frenchwoman he married after a friend dared him to marry the next woman who walked into the
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It also refers to a virtue in Indian religions, referring to being truthful in one's thought, speech and action. Sathya is also called as truth. Gandhi said: "The Truth is far more powerful than any weapon of mass destruction." The concept of nonviolence (ahimsa) and nonviolent resistance has a long history in Indian religious thought and has had many revivals in Christianity, Buddhist, Hinduism, Muslim, and Jain contexts. Gandhi explains his philosophy and way of life in his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". He was quoted as saying: At the age of 36, Gandhi adopted the vow
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café they were sitting in. In 2018 Ildikó Enyedi announced her next film would be an adaptation of "The Story of My Wife", starring Léa Seydoux as the wife. The Story of My Wife The Story of My Wife: The Reminiscences of Captain Storr is a Hungarian novel by Milán Füst. First published in Hungary in 1946 it was eventually translated into English by Ivan Sanders in 1988. The book is written as if it is a memoir and tells the story of captain Jacob Storr, a Hungarian man who suspects his wife of infidelity. Storr, a Hungarian naval captain,
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in South Africa. This pivotal reason involved the "Indian Franchise Bill", with which the Natal legislature intended to deprive Indians of the right to vote. No opposition existed against this bill, except among some of Gandhi's friends who asked him to stay in South Africa and work with them against this new injustice against Indians, who white South Africans disparagingly called "coolies." He found that racist attitudes had become deeply entrenched, especially in the Dutch-ruled regions, where they lived in the worst urban slums and could not own property or manage agricultural land. Even in Natal, where Indians had more
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the "persona" of Munna Bhai. In addition, Dutt stated in an interview that he did not read Gandhi's autobiography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" as a preparation for "Lage Raho Munna Bhai". Rather, he comments, his father, Sunil Dutt (who portrayed Munna Bhai's father in "Munna Bhai M.B.B.S.") and his mother (the late actress Nargis) were his role models as they "were basically Gandhians. We were brought up with those values." Dilip Prabhavalkar, who portrays Gandhi, read Gandhi's works "once again" to prepare for his role. Boman Irani prepared for the role of Lucky Singh by spending time
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of the Indian Government to a proposal that Indian indentured labourers working on the canefields in Natal who did not return to India at the end of their indenture contracts should be subject to an annual tax of £25. The proposal did not find favour with Lord Elgin (Victor Bruce, 9th Earl of Elgin), the Viceroy of India, and an annual tax of £3 was subsequently imposed. This measure caused significant resentment amongst the Natal Indian community and was strongly opposed by the Natal Indian Congress, as recorded by Mahatma Gandhi in The Story of My Experiments with Truth sv
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him to view his work not as self-denial at all, but as a higher form of self-fulfillment. Adopting a philosophy of selflessness even as a public man, Gandhi refused to accept any payment for his work on behalf of the Indian population, preferring to support himself with his law practice alone. But Gandhi's personal quest to define his own philosophy with respect to religion did not rely solely on sacred texts. At the time, he also engaged in active correspondence with a highly educated and spiritual Jain from Bombay, his friend Raychandra, who was deeply religious, yet well versed in
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and dishonest behaviour, but these faults have revitalised him. He will no longer look elsewhere but devote himself to the young man, who he hopes will welcome him back. Below is scholar David West's paraphrase translated to modern English: "It's true. I have ranged widely, made myself a fool, squandered my treasure, and hurt my old lover by taking a new. I have truly given truth a sideways glance, but I swear this brought youth back to my heart. Experiment proved that you are the best that love has to offer. It is ended. Take what will not end. Never
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many war novels, "Under Fire" was criticised for fictionalizing details of the war. In 1929, Jean Norton Cru, who was commissioned to critique French literature of World War I, called "Under Fire" "a concoction of truth, half-truth, and total falsehood." The novel was first published in French in December 1916. It was translated into English by William Fitzwater Wray and published in June 1917 by J. M. Dent & Sons. In 2003, Penguin Press published a new translation by Robin Buss with an introduction by the American historian Jay Winter. Under Fire (Barbusse novel) Under Fire: The Story of a
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entirely by the untouchables when a generous Muslim merchant donated enough money to keep up his current living space for another year. By that time, Gandhi's communal life with the untouchables had become more acceptable. Although Gandhi had withdrawn from public life, he briefly met with the British Governor of Bombay (and future Viceroy of India), Lord Willington, whom Gandhi promised to consult before he launched any political campaigns. Gandhi also felt the impact of another event, the passing of G.K. Gokhale, who had become his supporter and political mentor. He stayed away from the political trend of Indian nationalism,
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Indian to appear before a magistrate for his refusal to register, and he was sentenced to two months in prison. He actually asked for a heavier sentence, a request, consistent with his philosophy of self-denial. After his release, Gandhi continued his campaign and thousands of Indians burned their registration cards, crossing the Transvaal-Natal border without passes. Many went to jail, including Gandhi, who went to jail again in 1908. Gandhi did not waiver when a South African General by the name of Jan Christiaan Smuts promised to eliminate the registration law, but broke his word. Gandhi went all the way
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members of the Congress, the street mobs became very violent and the British summoned Brigadier-General Reginald E.H. Dyer to restore order. Dyer prohibited all public meetings and instituted public whippings for Indians who approached British policemen. Despite these new regulations, a crowd of over ten thousand protesters gathered in the center of Armitsar, and Dyer responded with bringing his troops there and opening fire without warning. Tightly packed together, the protesters had nowhere to run from the fire, even when they threw themselves down on the ground the fire was then directed on the ground, ceasing only when the British
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and that he had not always managed to discern the most moral course of action in his life. After his imprisonment ended, he resumed his personal quest for purification and truth. He ends his autobiography by admitting that he continues to experience and fight with "the dormant passion" that lie within his own soul. He felt ready to continue the long and difficult path of taming those passions and putting himself last among his fellow human beings, the only way to achieve salvation, according to him. "That is why the worlds' praise fails to move me; indeed it very often
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paper on the injustice against the Indian population but Chamberlain indicated that the Indians would have to obey the new rulers of South Africa, now called the "Afrikaners," which included both Dutch and British local settlers. Gandhi began to organize a fast response to this new South African political configuration. Instead of working in Natal, he now established a camp in the newly conquered Transvaal region and began helping Indians who had escaped from the war in that region, and now had to purchase overly expensive re-entry passes. He also represented poor Indians whose dwellings in a shantytown the authorities
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which is going on around us." Mohandas Gandhi wrote in his autobiography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" () that this book "overwhelmed" him and "left an abiding impression." Gandhi listed Tolstoy's book, as well as John Ruskin's "Unto This Last" and the poet Shrimad Rajchandra (Raychandbhai), as the three most important modern influences in his life. Reading this book opened up the mind of the world-famous Tolstoy to Gandhi, who was still a young protester living in South Africa at the time. In 1908 Tolstoy wrote, and Gandhi read, "A Letter to a Hindu", which outlines the notion
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Gandhi's immense popularity. By 1922, Gandhi decided that the initiative of non-cooperation had to transform into open civil disobedience, but in March 1922, Lord Reading finally ordered Gandhi's arrest after a crowd in the city of Chauri Chaura attacked and killed the local representatives of British authority. Gandhi, who had never encouraged or sanctioned this type of conduct, condemned the actions of the violent crowds and retreated into a period of fasting and prayer as a response to this violent outburst. However, the British saw the event as a trigger point and a reason for his arrest. The British authorities
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report months later and his work on the report motivated him to contact a number of Indian politicians, who advocated for the idea of independence from British rule. After Amritsar, Gandhi attended the Muslim Conference being held in Delhi, where Indian Muslims discussed their fears that the British would suppress Caliphs of Turkey. Muslims considered the Caliphs as heirs of Mohammed and spiritual heads of Islam. While the British considered such suppression a necessary effort to restore order after World War I, the Muslim populations viewed it as slap in the face. Gandhi urged them not to accept the actions
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his own philosophy of political protest, called Satyagraha, which literally meant "truth-force" in Sanskrit. In practice, this practice meant protesting injustice steadfastly, but in a non-violent manner. He put this theory into practice on September 8, 1906, when, at a large gathering of the Indian community in Transvaal, he asked the whole community to take a vow of disobedience to the law, as the Transvaal government had started an effort to register every Indian child over the age of eight, which would make them an official part of the South African population. Setting a personal example, Gandhi became the first
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also thrown of the Train when he didn't agree to move from his first class seat which he paid for. Though, at first, Gandhi intended to remain in South Africa for a month, or a year at most, he ended up working in South Africa for about twenty years. After his initial assignment was over, he succeeded in growing his own practice to about twenty Indian merchants who contracted manage their affairs. This work allowed him to both earn a living while also finding time to devote to his mission as a public figure. During his struggle against inequality and
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which many of the members of the Indian National Congress embraced. Instead, he stayed busy resettling his family and the inhabitants of the Phoenix Settlement in South Africa, as well as the Tolstoy Settlement he had founded near Johannesburg. For this purpose, on May 25, 1915, he created a new settlement, which came to be known as the Satyagraha ashram ( derive from Sanskrit word "Satya" means "truth" ) near the town of Ahmedabad and close to his place of birth in the western Indian province of Gujarati. All the inhabitants of the ashram, which included one family of untouchables,
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of the British. He proposed a boycott of British goods, and stated that if the British continued to insist on the elimination of the Caliphate, Indian Muslims should take even more drastic measures of non-cooperation, involving areas such as government employment and taxes. During the months that followed, Gandhi continued to advocate for peace and caution, however, since Britain and Turkey were still negotiating their peace terms. Unlike more nationalistic politicians, he also supported the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms for India, as they laid the foundation for constitutional self-government. Eventually, other politicians who thought the reforms did not go far enough had
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the 60th commemoration of the Manhattan Project in Washington D.C. and in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Groueff is the author of eight non-fiction books in French and English, three of which, "Manhattan Project: The Untold Story of the Making of the Atomic Bomb", "Crown of Thorns", and "My Odyssey" were translated in Bulgarian. His autobiographical work, "My Odyssey", was published in 2002 in Bulgarian, and in 2003 in English. The book is dedicated to his late brother Simeon, who "chose the harder road and lived in Bulgaria until his last breath." The author adds: "My destiny was to have an unusually
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the history and sociology of science. Among his concerns are scientists, their ethical choices, and the basis of scientific credibility. He revisioned the role of experiment by examining where experiments took place and who performed them. He is credited with restructuring the field's approach to “big issues” in science such as truth, trust, scientific identity, and moral authority. His books on 17th-century science include the "classic book" "Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life" (1985, with Simon Schaffer); his "path-breaking book" "A Social History of Truth" (1994), "The Scientific Revolution" (1996, now translated into 18 languages), and,
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number of racist policies, and while the Indians, most of them working on sugar and coffee plantations, did not suffer as much as the black population, they clearly experienced a treatment as second-class citizens. The initial story of Gandhi’s travails in South Africa and of his systematic struggle against oppression is well known. Gandhi repeatedly experienced the sting of humiliation during his long African sojourn. The incident at Maritzburg, where Gandhi was thrown off the train has become justly famous. When Gandhi, as a matter of principle, refused to leave the first class compartment, he was thrown off the train.
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Sea), an unpublished text she read at the Festival of German-Language Literature. Her Ukrainian work has been translated into German since 2009 ("Neunprozentiger Haushaltsessing", "Biografie eines zufälligen Wunders", both by Residenz Verlag). Some has also been translated into English. The short story "Me and My Sacred Cow" was published in Best European Fiction 2013, edited by Aleksandar Hemon. Tania Maliarchuk lives in Vienna. Tanja Maljartschuk Tetiana "Tania" Volodymyrivna Maliarchuk (, , born 1983 in Ivano-Frankivsk) is a Ukrainian-born author who writes in both Ukrainian and, more recently, German. Tania Maliarchuk began with several volumes of short stories and novellas: "Adolfo's
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My Story (Julie Couillard book) My Story (or Mon histoire) is a tell-all memoir by Canadian Julie Couillard. It was first written in French, then during summer 2008, translated into English. Both versions were published across Canada in October 2008. Couillard first appeared in the national media when she then dated the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Maxime Bernier. The incident began in May 2008 over a NATO-related dossier at Couillard's house. Media coverage, and Bernier's reaction, left Couillard feeling victimized. To help dispel rumours regarding her life and her role with Bernier, Couillard signed a book deal. In her book,
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My Story (Julie Couillard book) My Story (or Mon histoire) is a tell-all memoir by Canadian Julie Couillard. It was first written in French, then during summer 2008, translated into English. Both versions were published across Canada in October 2008. Couillard first appeared in the national media when she then dated the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Maxime Bernier. The incident began in May 2008 over a NATO-related dossier at Couillard's house. Media coverage, and Bernier's reaction, left Couillard feeling victimized. To help dispel rumours regarding her life and her role with Bernier, Couillard signed a book deal. In her book,
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the Moscow Art Theater. However, the play was cancelled after the manuscript and copies were confiscated by the secret police, or OGPU. Eventually, Maxim Gorky intervened to get the manuscript returned. The story was published in the Soviet Union only in 1987, more than 60 years after its completion, but was made known to Russian readers via "samizdat." In 1968, it was published in English by Harvill Press, translated by Michael Glenny. One suggestion for the real life prototype for Professor Preobrazhensky is a Russian surgeon Serge Voronoff who was famous for his experiments on implanting humans with animal's testicles
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a bad reputation and brought him in contact with criminals. He said, "To some extent I blame the police for making me a criminal." He spent over seven years in jail as an undertrial and prisoner for assault, attempt to murder and extortion, with 19 cases filed against him. While being held in Nashik jail under Maharashtra Control of Organised Crime Act Gole came across Gandhi's autobiography: "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". Reading the book made Gole realise the fruitlessness of violence, falsity, crime and hatred. He was impressed by Gandhi's courage in coming to terms with his
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political field on a large scale. The concept of nonviolence ("ahimsa") has a long history in Indian religious thought, with it being considered the highest dharma (ethical value virtue), a precept to be observed towards all living beings ("sarvbhuta"), at all times ("sarvada"), in all respects ("sarvatha"), in action, words and thought. Gandhi explains his philosophy and ideas about "ahimsa" as a political means in his autobiography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". Gandhi was criticised for refusing to protest the hanging of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, Udham Singh and Rajguru. He was accused of accepting a deal with the
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freedom struggle and gave up his legal practice. He was instrumental in Gandhi taking up the Champaran and Kheda Satyagraha, in which Gandhi handpicked Rajendra Prasad and Anugrah Narayan Sinha along with him to successfully lead the movement. Gandhi was so impressed by Prasad's dedication that he set aside a full chapter on him in his autobiographical book, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", called "The Gentle Bihari". Prasad remained at the forefront of the freedom struggle in Bihar, and his collaboration with several colleagues was instrumental in the setting up of the Bihar Vidyapeeth. For the last ten
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As the minister of Education, his contributions were noted in the implementation of basic education scheme in Assam. He also served as the minister of Food and Civil Supplies for a period of time. Das is credited with the publication of several books, including "Mor Satya Aneshwanar Kahini", an Assamese language translation of "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi. "Gandhijir Jiboni", "Mahatma Gandhik Aami Kidore Bujilu" and "Asomot Mahatma" are some his other works. He was involved with the activities of several social and Gandhian organizations such as Harijan Sevak Sangh, Bharatiya Adim Jati
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was translated into German in 1887 by Paul Maria Baumgarten. In 1895 he published anonymously in London a poetical version of the story of Sintram. Besides his books he wrote frequently for "The Dublin Review", "The Month", and other periodicals, both English and American, and read papers before The Manchester Statistical Society, The Catholic Truth Society, and other bodies. A considerable number of his later essays and lectures dealing with contemporary social problems were issued by The Catholic Truth Society in pamphlet form. His last book, "The Key to the World's Progress", was published in 1906. This, unlike his earlier
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Mahatma Gandhi. They were introduced in Mumbai in 1891 and had various conversations through letters while Gandhi was in South Africa. Gandhi noted his impression of Shrimad Rajchandra in his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", calling Raichandbhai his "guide and helper" and his "refuge in moments of spiritual crisis". He advised Gandhi to be patient and to study Hinduism deeply. His teaching directly influenced Gandhi's non-violence philosophy. He stayed in Gujarat with his disciples and avoided moving to Bombay. He retired from householder life and business when he was thirty. He spent three months in Idar where
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point of view of language were suggested by Rt. Hon. Sir V. S. Srinivasa Sastri. The Portal also provides translations of these texts in other languages. At present we have "An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth" available in thirteen languages. The aspiration is to make available as many translations of the key texts as possible, either in full or with complete bibliographic information. Fundamental Works are those works, which form the source of the CWMG. These include diaries, memoires, selections from compilations of letters and biographies. It is not possible to imagine the CWMG without the
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province, where most manual laborers had originated. Although his fellow-Indians greeted him in large crowds with applause and adulation, he sailed back to South Africa with his family in December 1896. Gandhi had become very well known in South Africa as well, to the point where a crowd of rioters awaited him at Port Natal, determined that he should not be allowed to enter. Many of them also mistakenly believed that all the dark-skinned passenger on the ship that took Gandhi to Natal were poor Indian immigrants he had decided to bring along with him, when, in reality, these passengers
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at school, particularly gymnastics has also been written about in this part. After a long history of antagonism, the British and the Dutch shared power in South Africa, with Britain ruling the regions of Natal and Cape Colony, while the Dutch settlers known as the Boers taking charge in the Orange Free State and the Transvaal, two independent republics. The white settler and the independent Boer states continued to engage in volatile interactions with the British, so a threat of violent eruptions always loomed large. In order to placate both the Boer and other white settlers, the British adopted a
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think there was something personal, being a Muslim myself who lived in the west I felt that it was my obligation my duty to tell the truth about Islam. It is a religion that has a 700 million following, yet it's so little known about which surprised me. I thought I should tell the story that will bring this bridge, this gap to the west. Akkad also filmed an Arabic version of the film (in which Muna Wassef played Hind) simultaneously with an Arab cast, for Arabic-speaking audiences. He felt that dubbing the English version into Arabic would not be
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racial discrimination in South Africa, Gandhi became known among Indians all around the world as "Mahatma," or "Great Soul." In South Africa with the Family, the Boer War, Bombay and South Africa Again. In 1896, Gandhi made a brief return to India and returned with his wife and children. In India, he published another pamphlet, known as the Green Pamphlet, on the plight of Indians in South Africa. For the first time, Gandhi realized that Indians had come to admire his work greatly and experienced a taste of his own popularity among the people, when he visited Madras, an Indian
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would serve him later in life. However, his promise to always aid his friends in Natal soon prompted him to return to South Africa, when he received an urgent telegram informing him that the British and Boers had now formed a peaceful relationship and often acted together to the detriment of the Indian population, as Britain was planning to live local white individuals in power in South Africa, much like it had done in Canada and Australia. Gandhi travelled back to South Africa immediately and met with Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the Colonies, and presented him with a
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were mostly returning Indian residents of Natal. Fortunately, Gandhi was able to establish a friendly relationship with the British in South Africa so the Natal port's police superintendent and his wife escorted him to safety. After this incident, local white residents began to actually regard him with greater respect. As Gandhi resumed his work at the Natal Indian Congress, his loyalty to the British guided him to assist them in the Boer War, which started three years later. Because Gandhi remained a passionate pacifist, he wanted to participate in the Boer War without actually engaging in violence so he organized
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a Gujarati translation of the Bhagvad Gita. These eight texts form the section Key Texts. These are "Hind Swaraj", "Satyagraha in South Africa", An Autobiography or "The Story of My Experiments with Truth", "From Yervada Mandir", "Ashram Observances in Action", "Constructive Programmes: Their Meaning and Place", "Key To Health", and Gandhi's translation of the Gita as "Anasakti Yoga". These are arranged in a chronological order. The section also provides a history of their printing and translations. "Hind Swaraj", which Gandhiji considered as a “seed text”, illustrates this. The Portal provides a facsimile edition of his manuscript, which was written on
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authority and colonialism; both hated violence and preached non-resistance. However, they differed sharply on political strategy. Gandhi called for political involvement; he was a nationalist and was prepared to use nonviolent force. He was also willing to compromise. Gandhi was the first to apply the principle of nonviolence on a large scale. The concept of nonviolence ("ahimsa") and nonresistance has a long history in Indian religious thought and has had many revivals in Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, Jewish and Christian contexts. Gandhi explains his philosophy and way of life in his autobiography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". Some of
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and benevolent. The armed conflict between the British and Dutch raged on for over three years of often brutal fighting with the British conquering the Transvaal and Orange Free state territories. Gandhi expected that the British victory would establish justice in South Africa and present him with an opportunity to return to India. He wanted to attend the 1901 meeting of the Indian National Congress, whose mission was to provide a social and political forum for the Indian upper class. Founded in 1885 by the British, the Congress had no real political power and expressed pro-British positions. Gandhi wanted to
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Manto after reading a translation of his stories in 2012. She always had Nawazuddin Siddiqui in mind for the role and approached him for the same. The film was premiered in Cannes film festival. The film was also screened at Toronto International film festival. Das narrated the children's audiobook series "Under the Banyan", and Mahatma Gandhi's autobiography by Charkha Audiobooks, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". She was also a voice actor in the children's television series "Wonder Pets", as the Bengal Tiger in the episode Save the Bengal Tiger (2007). In 2002, Das married Saumya Sen. The couple
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precedent for later action as part of satyagraha. As the First World War continued, Gandhi also became involved in recruiting men for the British Army, an involvement which his followers had a difficult time accepting, after listening to his passionate speeches about resisting injustice in a non-violent manner. Not surprisingly, at this point, although Gandhi still remained loyal to Britain and enamored with the ideals of the British constitution, his desire to support and independent home rule became stronger. As time passed, Gandhi became exhausted from his long journey around the country and fell ill with dysentery. He refused conventional
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In addition, he wrote letters almost every day to individuals and newspapers. Gandhi also wrote several books including his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth (Gujarātī "સત્યના પ્રયોગો અથવા આત્મકથા")", of which he bought the entire first edition to make sure it was reprinted. His other autobiographies included: "Satyagraha in South Africa" about his struggle there, "Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule", a political pamphlet, and a paraphrase in Gujarati of John Ruskin's "Unto This Last". This last essay can be considered his programme on economics. He also wrote extensively on vegetarianism, diet and health, religion, social reforms,
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Ashram Preservation and Memorial Trust. "The Collected Works of Mahatma Gandhi" (100 volumes), "Gandhiji No Akshar Deha" (82 volumes) and "Sampoorna Gandhi Vangmaya" (97 volumes) form the basic structure around which the Portal has been developed. The key texts provide first editions of the Key Texts of Gandhi. These are: "Hind Swaraj", Satyagraha in South Africa, "An Autobiography or The Story of My Experiments with Truth", "From Yervada Mandir", "Ashram Observances in Action", "Constructive Programmes: Their Meaning and Place, Key To Health", and Gandhi's translation of the Gita as Anasakti Yoga. The Fundamental Works are those through which "The Collected
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Chandrakant Sheth and he is the central character in Sujata Bhatt's poem, Point No Point. Swami Anand Swami Anand (8 September 1887 – 25 January 1976) was a monk, a Gandhian activist and a Gujarati writer. He is remembered as the manager of Gandhi's publications such as "Navajivan" and "Young India" and for having inspired Gandhi to pen his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". In 1969, he was conferred the Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati language for his work "Kulkathao". Swami Anand was born as Himmatlal Ramchandra Dave on 8 September 1887 at Shiyani village near Wadhwan.
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Swami Anand Swami Anand (8 September 1887 – 25 January 1976) was a monk, a Gandhian activist and a Gujarati writer. He is remembered as the manager of Gandhi's publications such as "Navajivan" and "Young India" and for having inspired Gandhi to pen his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth". In 1969, he was conferred the Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati language for his work "Kulkathao". Swami Anand was born as Himmatlal Ramchandra Dave on 8 September 1887 at Shiyani village near Wadhwan. He was brought up and educated at Bombay. He took a vow of renunciation while
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and led an Indian Medical Corps which served the British in a number of battles, including the important battle of Spion Kop in January 1900. At the time, Gandhi believed that the British Empire shared the values of liberty and equality that he himself embraced and that, by virtue of defending those principles, the British constitution deserved the loyalty of all British subjects, including Indians. He viewed racist policy in South Africa as a temporary characteristic aberration, rather than a permanent tendency. With respect to the British in India, at this point in his life, Gandhi considered their rule beneficial
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read some of Tolstoy's work, which greatly influenced his understanding of peace and justice and eventually inspired him to write to Tolstoy, setting the beginning of a prolific correspondence. Both Tolstoy and Gandhi shared a philosophy of non-violence and Tolstoy's harsh critique of human society resonated with Gandhi's outrage at racism in South Africa. Both Tolstoy and Gandhi considered themselves followers of the Sermon on the Mount from the New Testament, in which Jesus Christ expressed the idea of complete self-denial for the sake of his fellow men. Gandhi also continued to seek moral guidance in the Bhagavad-Gita, which inspired
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that all souls were equal and did not accept the implication of religious sacredness that his new name carried. In order to retreat into a life of humility and restraint, as his personal principles mandated, he decided to withdraw from public life for a while spending his first year in India focusing on his personal quest for purity and healing. He also lived in a communal space with untouchables, a choice which many of his financial supporters resented, because they believed that the very presence of untouchables defiled higher-caste Indians. Gandhi even considered moving to a district in Ahmedabad inhabited
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world for the success of satyagraha. Part IV. Mahatma in the Midst of World Turmoil Gandhi was in England when World War I started and he immediately began organizing a medical corps similar to the force he had led in the Boer War, but he also faced health problems that caused him to return to India, where he met the applauding crowds with enthusiasm once again. Indians continued to refer to him as "Mahatma" or "Great Soul," an appellation reserved only for the holiest men of Hinduism. While Gandhi accepted the love and admiration of the crowds, he also insisted
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Indians and generating discussions in all three continents to the point where both the Times of London and the Times of India published editorials in support of the Indian right to the vote. Gandhi also formed a new political organization called the Natal Indian Congress (a clear reference to the Indian National Congress), which held regular meetings and soon, after some struggles with financing, started its own library and debating society. They also issued two major pamphlets, An Appeal to Every Briton in South Africa, and The Indian Franchise–An Appeal, which offered a logical argument against racial discrimination. He was
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reading materials while in prison, so he felt content. He also wrote most of his autobiography while serving his sentence. However, in Gandhi's absence, Indians returned to their British jobs and their every day routines. Even worse, the unity between Muslims and Hindu, which Gandhi advocated so passionately, had already begun to fall apart to the point where the threat of violence loomed large over many communities with mixed population. The fight for Indian independence could not continue while Indians themselves suffered disunity and conflict, all the more difficult to overcome in a huge country like India, which had always
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stood still, the British arrested Gandhi, which provoked angry crowds to fill the streets of India's cities and, much to Gandhi's dislike, violence erupted everywhere. Gandhi could not tolerate violence so he called off his campaign and asked that everyone return to their homes. He acted in accordance with his firm belief that if satyagraha could not be carried out without violence, it should not take place at all. Unfortunately, not all protesters shared Gandhi's conviction as ardently. In Amritsar, capital of the region known as the Punjab, where the alarmed British authorities had deported the local Hindu and Muslim
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of Rudyard Kipling’s "Kim" (Modern Library), E. M. Forster’s "A Passage to India" (Penguin Classics), J. G. Farrell’s "The Siege of Krishnapur" (NYRB Classics), Gandhi’s "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" (Penguin) and R. K. Narayan’s "The Ramayana" (Penguin Classics). He has also introduced two volumes of V.S. Naipaul’s essays, "The Writer and the World" and "Literary Occasions". Mishra has written literary and political essays for "The New York Times", where he was a Bookends columnist, the "New York Review of Books", the "Guardian", the "London Review of Books", and the "New Yorker", among other American, British, and Indian
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also included. Rajinikanth acted in the 1977 Telugu film "Chilakamma Cheppindi" alongside Sripriya. He wished to act with the Kannada actor Rajkumar but could not do so. His 50th film was "Tiger". He had said that he would write an autobiography only if he became courageous enough like Mahatma Gandhi whose biography "The Story of My Experiments with Truth" revealed many unknown facts about him. Rajinikanth worked as an office boy, a coolie, a carpenter, in Mysore Machinery and at one time earned money by loading rice sacks. He obtained a bus conductor licence by appearing for an exam. He
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not to talk with her, because she wanted to act out of her own maternal instincts. For Antonio Sabàto, Jr., who landed the role because of his sex appeal, the movie marked his first appearance on primetime television. Moment of Truth: Why My Daughter? Moment of Truth: Why My Daughter? is a 1993 made-for-television drama film directed by Chuck Bowman. It is based on the true story of Diana Moffit, a teenage girl lured into prostitution, and the efforts of her mother, Gayle Moffit, to convict the man responsible for Diana's death. The film is a part of the "Moment
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to agree with Gandhi simply because his popularity and influence had become so great that the Congress could accomplish little without him. As the British remained determined to put an end to the Muslim Caliphate, they enforced the Rowlatt Act resolutely. Even Gandhi became less tolerant towards British practices and in April 1920, he urged all Indians, Muslim and Hindu, to begin a "non-cooperation" protest against the British rule by giving up their Western clothing and British jobs. As a personal example, on August 1, he returned the kasar-i-hind medal that he had received for providing medical service to the
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intended to express. The third exemplum, "The Cursed Dancers of Colbeck," is a prose, rather than a poetic, narrative. Like a mini-sermon, it preaches against wrong conduct—in this case, sacrilegious behavior. This tale has an identifiable author, Robert Mannyng, who set down the story in the early fourteenth century. "The Norton Anthology"'s version is translated from Middle English by Lee Patterson. To bolster his listener's belief that "most of" his tale is "the gospel truth," the narrator names the culprits and their victims and cites Pope Leo as one who knows (and wrote a version of) the narrative and points
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a number of topics, from Hinduism to Christianity. The more Gandhi communicated with Raychandra, the more deeply he began to appreciate Hinduism as a non violent faith and its related scriptures. Yet, such deep appreciation also gave birth to a desire to seek inner purity and illumination, without solely relying on external sources, or on the dogma within every faith. Thus, although Gandhi sought God within his own tradition, he espoused the idea that other faiths remained worthy of study and contained their own truths. Not surprisingly, even after his work assignment concluded, Gandhi soon found a reason to remain
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different. Then Marie accidentally meets the original Mari, and Hiroshi starts telling people that he and Marie are siblings as a cover story. Soon, a tough girl, Hibiki, enters the picture, and threatens to reveal the truth about Marie, unless Hiroshi becomes her boyfriend. My Dear Marie was originally published as part of "Weekly Young Jump", but was later republished in ten manga volumes. The English-language versions were released by ADV Films. Only three episodes of the anime were ever made. My Dear Marie When the anime was originally released in English language, the English dubbed version was titled separately
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treatment and chose to practice his own healing methods, relying on diet and spending a long time bedridden, while in recovery in his ashram. In the meantime, India’s unrest was overwhelming at the prospect of the British destroying the world's only Muslim power, the Ottoman Empire. While the British alleged that they fought to protect the rights of small states and independent peoples from tyranny, in India, an increasing number of people found this alleged commitment less than genuine. After the end of the war, the British government decided to follow the recommendations of the Rowlatt Committee, which advocated the
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influence, they were not allowed to go out after 9 p.m. without a pass, while in Cape Colony, another British territory, they were not allowed to walk on the sidewalk. The new bill which prohibited Indians from voting in Natal only codified existing injustice in writing. Although a last-minute petition drive failed to the Indian Franchise Bill from passing, Gandhi remained active and organized a much larger petition, which he sent to the Secretary of State for the Colonies in London, and distributed to the press in South Africa, Britain and India. The petition raised awareness of the plight of
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opening of the new Hindu University in the city of Benares, where he discussed his understanding of independence and reform. He also provided specific examples of the abhorrent living conditions of the lower classes that he had observed during his travels around India and focused specifically on sanitation. Although the Indians of the higher-castes did not readily embrace the ideas in the speech, Gandhi had now returned to public life and he felt ready to convert these ideas to actions. Facing the possibility of arrest, just like he always did in South Africa, Gandhi first spoke for the rights of
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attend its meeting nevertheless, as he was hoping to pass a resolution in support of the Indian population in South Africa. Before he left for Bombay, Gandhi promised the Natal Indian Congress that he would return to support their efforts, should they need his help. As Gandhi attended the 1901 Indian National Congress, his hopes came true. G.K. Gokhale, one of the most prominent Indian politicians of the time, supported the resolution for the rights of Indians in South Africa and the resolution passed. Through Gokhale, in whose house Gandhi stayed for a month, Gandhi met many political connections that
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INTO ENGLISH My Little Friend (Imphal Turelgi Itamacha). Short story. Translated by L. Somi Roy. Published in Sahitya Akademi anthology. New Delhi 2005 One Answer (Paokhum Ama). Original screenplay. Published by Cinewave, Calcutta 1984 My Son, My Precious (Imagi Ningthem). Original screenplay from the radio play. Translated by L. Somi Roy. Published by Cinewave, Calcutta 1981 M. K. Binodini Devi Maharaj Kumari Binodini Devi (6 February 1922 – 17 January 2011) was an Indian writer from Manipur, a Southeast Himalayan state in North-east India and a member of the erstwhile royal family of Manipur. She was notable for bridging the
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Boer War's wounded British army in South Africa. He also became the first president of the Home Rule League, a largely symbolic position which confirmed his position as an advocate for Indian Independence. In September 1920, Gandhi also passed an official constitution for the Congress, which created a system of two national committees and numerous local units, all working to mobilize a spirit of non-cooperation across India. Gandhi and other volunteers traveled around India further establishing this new grass roots organization, which achieved great success. The new British Viceory in India, Lord Reading, did not dare to interfere because of
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swore to poverty and chastity. After a while, Gandhi became influenced by the idea of Indian independence from the British, but he dreaded the possibility that a westernized Indian elite would replace the British government. He developed a strong conviction that Indian independence should take place as a large-scale sociopolitical reform, which would remove the old plagues of extreme poverty and caste restrictions. In fact, he believed that Indians could not become worthy of self-government unless they all shared a concern for the poor. As Gandhi resumed his public life in India in 1916, he delivered a speech at the
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arrested, five thousand Indian coal miners also went on strike and Gandhi himself led them across the Natalese border, where they expected arrest. Although Smuts and Gandhi did not agree on many points, they had respect for each other. In 1913, Smuts relented due to the sheer number of Indians involved in protest and negotiated a settlement which provided for the legality of Indian marriages and abolished the poll tax. Further, the import of indentured laborers from India was to be phased out by 1920. In July 1914, Gandhi sailed for Britain, now admired as "Mahatma," and known throughout the
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to London in 1909 and gathered enough support among the British to convince Smuts to eliminate the law in 1913. Yet, the Transvaal Prime Minister continued to regard Indians as second-class citizens while the Cape Colony government passed another discriminatory law making all non-Christian marriages illegal, which meant that all Indian children would be considered born out of wedlock. In addition, the government in Natal continued to impose crippling poll tax for entering Natal only upon Indians. In response to these strikingly unjust rules, Gandhi organized a large-scale satyagraha, which involved women crossing the Natal-Transvaal border illegally. When they were
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Story of My Experiments with Truth", alongside Nandita Das as narrator. In 2013, Shekhar Kapur hosted the TV show "Pradhanmantri" on ABP News. On the show, which aims to bring never-seen-before facets of Indian history, he was the narrator. He served as judge on the reality TV series "India's Got Talent", aired on Colors. In 2016, Shekhar Kapur delivers an autobiographical film and documentary about Amma, well known as Mata Amritanandamayi Devi, called "The Science of Compassion". In 1998, he received international recognition for the second time after "Bandit Queen", when he directed the Academy Award-winning period film "Elizabeth", a
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placed Gandhi on trial for sedition and sentenced him to six years in prison, marking the first time that he faced prosecution in India. Because of Gandhi's fame, the judge, C.N. Broomfield, hesitated to impose a harsher punishment. He considered Gandhi clearly guilty as charged, despite the fact that Gandhi admitted his guilt and even went as far as requesting the heaviest possible sentence. Such willingness to accept imprisonment conformed to his philosophy of satyagraha, so Gandhi felt that his time in prison only furthered his commitment and goals. The authorities allowed him to use a spinning wheel and receive
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impoverished indigo-cultivators in the Champaran district. His efforts eventually led to the appointment of a government commission to investigate abuses by the indigo planters. He also interefered whenever he saw violence. When a group of Ahmedabad mill workers went on strike and became violent, he resolved to fast until they returned to peace. Though some political commentators condemned Gandhi's behavior as a form of blackmail, the fast only lasted three days before the workers and their employers negotiated an agreement. Through this situation, Gandhi discovered the fast as one of his most effective weapons in late years and set a
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troops no longer had ammunition. Hundreds died and many more were wounded. This unfortunate occurrence became known as the Amritsar Massacre, it outraged the British public almost as much as Indian society. The authorities in London eventually condemned Dyer's conduct, forcing him to resign in disgrace. The effect the massacre had on Indian society became even more profound as more moderate politicians, like Gandhi, now began to wholeheartedly support the idea of Indian independence, creating an intense climate of mutual hostility. After the massacre, Gandhi eventually obtained permission to travel to Amritsar and conduct his own investigation. He produced a
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retention of various wartime restrictions in India, including curfews and measures to suppress free speech. Gandhi was still sick when these events took place and, although he could not protest actively, he felt his loyalty to the British Empire weaken significantly. Later, when the Rowlatt Act actually became law, Gandhi proposed that the entire country observe a day of prayer, fasting, and abstention from physical labor as a peaceful protest against the injustice of the oppressive law. Gandhi's plea generated an overwhelming response as millions of Indians did not go to work on April 6, 1919. As the entire country
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had dispossessed. Gandhi also started a new magazine, Indian Opinion, that advocated for political liberty and equal rights in South Africa. The magazine, which initially included several young women from Europe, expanded its staff around the country, increasing both Gandhi's popularity and the public support for his ideas. At round same time, Gandhi read John Ruskin's book "Unto This Last", which maintained that the life of manual labor was superior to all other ways of living. As he adopted this belief, Gandhi chose to abandon Western dress and habits, and he moved his family and staff to a Transvaal farm
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suffered religious divisions, as well as divisions by language, and even caste. Gandhi realized that Independence and that the British had lost the will and power to sustain their empire, but he always acknowledged that Indians could not rely simply on the weakening of Britain in order to achieve independence. He believed that Indians had to become morally ready for Independence. He planned to contribute to such readiness through his speeches and writing, advocating humility, restraint, good sanitation, as well as an end to child marriages. He acknowledged that he had changed his position on many issues, like child marriages,
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The exhibit was shown in Madrid in 1997 and the National Museum of Catalan Art in 1998. Brown University later purchased several articles, and put them on display themselves. Mexico's "Luna Cornea" magazine however, failed to notice this, and ran issue number 14 (January/April 1998) with photos, and a story explaining the "truth". The name "Ivan Istochnikov" is a Russian translation of Joan Fontcuberta's name; translated to English from Russian reads "John of the Source". On June 11, 2006, "Cuarto Milenio", a mysteries program led by Iker Jiménez on the Spanish TV channel Cuatro, presented the story as possibly true.
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entertaining sequences throughout the development of the story. "My Uncle Napoleon" was written by Iraj Pezeshkzad and published in 1973. Loosely based on the author's real life experiences and his love for the daughter of a wealthy aristocrat, the story instantly became a cultural reference point and its characters national icons of the '70s. The novel was translated in 1996 to English by Dick Davis and published by Mage Publishers, a translation that manages to evoke the richness of the original text and is faithful without being literal (Asayesh 1996). The English translation has since been re-published by Random House
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called the Phoenix, where he even gave renounced the use of an oil-powered engine and printed "Indian Opinion" by hand-wheel, and performed agriculture labor using old, manual farming equipment. He began to conceive of his public work as a mission to restore old Indian virtue and civilization, rather than fall prey to modern Western influence, which included electricity and technology. Between 1901 and 1906, he also changed another aspect of his personal life by achieving Brahmacharya, or the voluntary abstention from sexual relations. He made this choice as part of his philosophy of selflessness and self-restraint. Finally, he also formulated
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included it (albeit as second choice) in the 1983 Hymns and Psalms, and it was the main choice in the 1986 New English Hymnal. It has subsequently appeared in many hymnbooks across the English-speaking world. All My Hope on God is Founded "All My Hope on God is Founded" is a well-known hymn, originally German, which was translated into English in 1899 and which established itself in the latter part of the twentieth century. The original words "Meine Hoffnung stehet feste" were written in around 1680 by Joachim Neander. In 1899 these were translated into English by Robert Bridges, who
All My Hope on God is Founded