when was the first e-cigarette sold in the us
2007
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versions made their way to the U.S., sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms. E-cigarettes entered the European market and the US market in 2006 and 2007. The company that Lik worked for, Golden Dragon Holdings, registered an international patent in November 2007. The company changed its name to Ruyan (如烟, literally "Resembling smoking") later the same month and started exporting its products. Many US and Chinese e-cig makers copied his designs illegally, so Lik has not received much financial reward for his invention (although some US manufacturers have compensated him through out of court settlements). Ruyan later
Electronic cigarette
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vape rings within vape rings. E-cigarette users also form "vortexes" by tapping their devices to form sparkles. There are a number of YouTube videos showing people engaging in smoke tricks using e-cigarettes. Cloud-chasing (electronic cigarette) Cloud-chasing is the activity of blowing large clouds of vapor using an electronic cigarette. E-cigarettes gained popularity in the US in 2007. The exact origins of the activity are unclear. Using the devices for "cloud-chasing" began in the West Coast of the US. "When automotive manufacturers first started out, they were not thinking about a sport to be called Formula One. You always have groups
Cloud-chasing (electronic cigarette)
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Cloud-chasing (electronic cigarette) Cloud-chasing is the activity of blowing large clouds of vapor using an electronic cigarette. E-cigarettes gained popularity in the US in 2007. The exact origins of the activity are unclear. Using the devices for "cloud-chasing" began in the West Coast of the US. "When automotive manufacturers first started out, they were not thinking about a sport to be called Formula One. You always have groups of people who are looking for excitement," Hon Lik said in respect to cloud-chasing in 2015. It was well publicized around 2014, when sites such as Mashable, Gizmodo, "The Guardian", and "The
Cloud-chasing (electronic cigarette)
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versions made their way to the U.S., sold mostly over the Internet by small marketing firms. E-cigarettes entered the European market and the US market in 2006 and 2007. The company that Lik worked for, Golden Dragon Holdings, registered an international patent in November 2007. The company changed its name to Ruyan (如烟, literally "Resembling smoking") later the same month and started exporting its products. Many US and Chinese e-cig makers copied his designs illegally, so Lik has not received much financial reward for his invention (although some US manufacturers have compensated him through out of court settlements). Ruyan later
Electronic cigarette
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and every brand (including private labels) of cigarette rolling papers sold in the US must submit their ingredients and seek agency approval or withdraw from the marketplace by March of that year if they had not been sold in the US before February 15, 2007. The Spanish brand of Smoking was charged in Spanish Court for using illegal carcinogenic materials in their cigarette papers to cut costs, namely esparto. However, the company was never convicted. Fire-resistant cigarettes, which reduce the risk of fire from unattended cigarettes, are made with special paper that includes a plastic compound, ethylene vinyl acetate. If
Rolling paper
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and the first patent was registered in the same year in China. In 2007, Ruyan's first international patent was registered. The patent was later granted in the United States as well. In May 2004, Ruyan's cigar-series was launched and sold in the People's Republic of China market. In October of the same year, the e-pipe series of Ruyan was launched. As for electronic cigarette products, the "V8" Model, which more closely resembles the appearance of traditional cigarettes, was the key product for 2007. At the end of 2007, Ruyan launched a new one-time use cigar product (named "RUYAN e-Gar" in
Dragonite International Limited
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changed its company name to Dragonite International Limited. Most e-cigarettes today use a battery-powered heating element rather than the earlier ultrasonic technology design. When e-cigarettes entered the international market, some users were dissatisfied with their performance, and the e-cigarette continued to evolve from the first generation three-part device. In 2007 British entrepreneurs Umer and Tariq Sheikh invented the cartomizer. This is a mechanism that integrates the heating coil into the liquid chamber. They launched this new device in the UK in 2008 under their Gamucci brand, and the design is now widely adopted by most "cigalike" brands. Other users tinkered
Electronic cigarette
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and aluminum. The assertion that e-cigarettes emit "only water vapor" is false because the evidence indicates e-cigarette vapor contains possibly harmful chemicals such as nicotine, carbonyls, metals, and organic volatile compounds, in addition to particulates. The number of e-cigarettes sold increased every year from 2003 to 2015, when a slowdown in the growth in usage occurred in both the US and the UK. there were at least 466 e-cigarette brands. Worldwide e-cigarette sales in 2014 were around US$7 billion. Approximately 30–50% of total e-cigarettes sales are handled on the internet. The consumer preference for e-cigarettes is having a dramatic effect
Electronic cigarette
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increased by 1398.2% in the US. In December 2014 for instance, e-cigarette sales in the US were roughly equivalent to just 3.5% of traditional cigarette sales, but e-cigarettes represented 44% of all e-cigarette and traditional cigarette calls to US poison control centers. The accidental nicotine exposure rate in the US has since decreased by 18.9% between July 2016, when the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act of 2015, a federal law requiring child-resistant packaging for e-liquid, came into effect, and April 2017. According to a regression discontinuity design study by Govindarajan et al. (2018), the 32 states without a preexisting law
Electronic cigarette
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as a direct competitor to JUUL. Vuse Vuse Digital Vapor Cigarette, commonly known as Vuse (rhymes with "news"), is an electronic cigarette produced by R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company, a subsidiary of Big Tobacco company Reynolds American. In 2015, it was the most popular e-cigarette in the United States with 33 percent market share in Nielsen-tracked channels (a declining proportion of the total). Also in 2015, it was the best selling e-cigarette device in convenience stores in the US. However, Vuse lost its top position in 2017, when JUUL overtook it to become the most popular e-cigarette in the US.
Vuse
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Vuse Vuse Digital Vapor Cigarette, commonly known as Vuse (rhymes with "news"), is an electronic cigarette produced by R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company, a subsidiary of Big Tobacco company Reynolds American. In 2015, it was the most popular e-cigarette in the United States with 33 percent market share in Nielsen-tracked channels (a declining proportion of the total). Also in 2015, it was the best selling e-cigarette device in convenience stores in the US. However, Vuse lost its top position in 2017, when JUUL overtook it to become the most popular e-cigarette in the US. , Vuse controls 9.6 percent of
Vuse
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first. However, recognizing the development of a potential new market sector that could render traditional tobacco products obsolete, they began to produce and market their own brands of e-cigarettes and acquire existing e-cigarette companies. blu eCigs, a prominent US e-cigarette manufacturer, was acquired by Lorillard Inc. in 2012. British American Tobacco was the first tobacco business to sell e-cigarettes in the UK. They launched Vype in 2013, while Imperial Tobacco's Fontem Ventures acquired the intellectual property owned by Hon Lik through Dragonite International Limited for $US 75 million in 2013 and launched Puritane in partnership with Boots UK. On 1
Electronic cigarette
18414736
reported 3,067 exposures relating to e-cigarettes and liquid nicotine in 2015, and 3,783 in 2014. From September 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014, there were at least 5,970 e-cigarette calls to US poison control centers. Calls to US poison control centers related to e-cigarettes increased between September 2010 to February 2014, and of the total number of cigarettes and e-cigarettes calls, e-cigarette calls increased from 0.3% to 41.7%. Calls to US poison controls centers related to e-cigarette liquid poisoning increased from 1 in September 2010 to 215 for the month of February 2014. E-cigarette calls was 401 for the month
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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on the tobacco industry. In the US, established tobacco companies have a significant share of the e-cigarette market. In 2015, 80% of all e-cigarette sales in convenience stores in the U.S. were products made by tobacco companies. According to Nielsen Holdings, convenience store e-cigarette sales in the US went down for the first time during the four-week period ending on 10 May 2014. Wells Fargo analyst Bonnie Herzog attributes this decline to a shift in consumers' behavior, buying more specialized devices or what she calls "vapor/tank/mods (VTMs)" that are not tracked by Nielsen. Wells Fargo estimated that VTMs accounted for
Electronic cigarette
18414731
the skin or eyes. Accidental poisoning can result from using undiluted concentrated nicotine when mistakenly used as prepared e-liquids. E-cigarettes involve accidental nicotine exposure in children. Accidental exposures in pediatric patients include ingesting of e-liquids and inhaling of e-cigarette vapors. Choking on e-cigarette components is a potential risk. It is recommended that youth access to e-cigarettes be prohibited. Four adults died in the US and Europe, after intentionally ingesting liquid. Two children, one in the US in 2014 and another in Israel in 2013, died after ingesting liquid nicotine. Death from accidental nicotine poisoning is very uncommon. Calls to US
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid E-liquid is the mixture used in electronic cigarettes. The main ingredients in the e-liquid usually are propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, and flavorings. However, there are e-liquids sold without propylene glycol, nicotine, or flavors. The liquid typically contains 95% propylene glycol and glycerin. Propylene glycol and glycerine are used to produce the vapor while the flavoring provides the taste and aroma. The flavorings may be natural or artificial. About 8,000 flavors exist as of 2014. There are many e-liquids manufacturers in the USA and worldwide. While there are currently no US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
10485067
57% of the 3.5 billion dollar market in the US for vapor products in 2015. In 2014, the Smoke-Free Alternatives Trade Association estimated that there were 35,000 vape shops in the US, more than triple the number a year earlier. However the 2015 slowdown in market growth affected VTMs as well. The dominance of tobacco companies over the US e-cigarette market has disappeared largely as a result of the rapid rise in popularity of the JUUL e-cigarette, which was introduced in June 2015. , JUUL accounts for over 72% of the US e-cigarette market monitored by Nielsen, and its closest
Electronic cigarette
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cigarettes. According to the first suit, filed in US District Court in April, "the intense dosage of nicotine salts delivered by the Juul products resulted in an increased nicotine addiction, and an increased consumption of nicotine by [plaintiff] Colgate." JUUL JUUL Labs ( , like "jewel") is an electronic cigarette company which spun off from PAX Labs in 2017. It makes the JUUL e-cigarette, which was introduced by PAX Labs in 2015. JUUL is a type of e-cigarette that uses nicotine salts that exist in leaf-based tobacco for its key ingredient. The JUUL became the most popular e-cigarette in the
JUUL
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products is banned in most countries, television and radio e-cigarette advertising in some countries may be indirectly encouraging traditional cigarette smoking. There is no evidence that the cigarette brands are selling e-cigarettes as part of a plan to phase out traditional cigarettes, despite some claiming to want to cooperate in "harm reduction". In the US, six large e-cigarette businesses spent $59.3 million on promoting e-cigarettes in 2013. Easily circumvented age verification at company websites enables young people to access and be exposed to marketing for e-cigarettes. A national US television advertising campaign starred Steven Dorff exhaling a "thick flume" of
Electronic cigarette
4904364
calls to US poison control centers were related to children 5 years old or less. E-cigarette calls had a greater chance to report an adverse effect and a greater chance to report a moderate or major adverse effect than traditional cigarette calls. Most of the e-cigarette calls were a minor effect. From September 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014, there were at least 5,970 e-cigarette calls to US poison control centers. During the same period, the ten most frequent adverse effects to e-cigarettes and e-liquid reported to US poison control centers were vomiting (40.4%), eye irritation or pain (20.3%), nausea
Nicotine poisoning
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that less than 15% became everyday e-cigarette users. Though e-cigarette use among those who have never smoked is very low, it continues to rise. One United States survey of e-cigarette users conducted from 2011–2012 found that only 1% of respondents used liquid without nicotine. Everyday use is common among e-cigarette users. Many e-cigarette users are middle-aged men who also smoke traditional cigarettes. E-cigarette use is rising among women. In the US, , 12.6% of adults had used an e-cigarette at least once and approximately 3.7% were still using them. 1.1% of adults were daily users. Non-smokers and former smokers who
Electronic cigarette
18789530
E-cigarettes that resemble pens or USB memory sticks are also sold for those who may want to use the device unobtrusively. As the e-cigarette industry continues to evolve, new products are quickly developed and brought to market. First-generation e-cigarettes tend to look like tobacco cigarettes and so are called "cigalikes". The three parts of a cigalike e-cigarette initially were a cartridge, an atomizer, and a battery. A cigalike e-cigarette currently contains a cartomizer (cartridge atomizer), which is connected to a battery. Most cigalikes look like cigarettes but there is some variation in size. They may be a single unit comprising
Construction of electronic cigarettes
18414733
and a greater chance to report a moderate or major adverse effect than traditional cigarette calls. Most of the e-cigarette and traditional cigarette calls were a minor effect. Severe outcomes were more than 2.5 times more frequent in children exposed to e-cigarettes and nicotine e-liquid than with traditional cigarettes. E-cigarette sales were roughly equivalent to just 3.5% of traditional cigarette sales, but of the total number of e-cigarette and traditional cigarette calls to US poison control centers in December 2014, the reported e-cigarettes calls were 44%. From September 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014, the most frequent adverse effects to
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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to point out, that almost all e-cigarettes sold now (2013) use a simpler battery powered heating element that heats a liquid to vapour, as opposed to the piezoelectric/ high-frequency/ultrasonic technology patented by Ruyan. The marketing term "e" denoting "electronic" refers mainly to the circuitry that controls the current and has been accepted by the industry as a general term for vapour type cigarettes. The first battery operated "electric" cigarette patent registered in the United States was by Herbert A. Gilbert (Beaver Falls, PA, USA) on 17 August 1965. The Ruyan V8 is an electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) invention and production of
Dragonite International Limited
10485042
October 2013 Lorillard Inc. acquired another e-cigarette company, this time the UK based company SKYCIG. SKY was rebranded as blu. On 3 February 2014, Altria Group, Inc. acquired popular electronic cigarette brand Green Smoke for $110 million. The deal was finalized in April 2014 for $110 million with $20 million in incentive payments. Altria also markets its own e-cigarette, the MarkTen, while Reynolds American has entered the sector with its Vuse product. Philip Morris, the world's largest tobacco company, purchased UK's Nicocigs in June 2014. On 30 April 2015, Japan Tobacco bought the US Logic e-cigarette brand. Japan Tobacco also
Electronic cigarette
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When users were asked why they had first tried e-cigarettes, reasons given were curiosity or experimentation; because a relative was using them; or because they were given or offered one. Some researchers are concerned about vaping during pregnancy. Some users have stopped vaping due to issues with the devices. Dissatisfaction and concerns over safety can also discourage ongoing e-cigarette use. Users may begin by trying a disposable e-cigarette. They often start with e-cigarettes resembling normal cigarettes, subsequently moving to a later-generation device. Most later-generation e-cigarette users shifted to their present device to get a "more satisfying hit", and users may
Electronic cigarette
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global sales in excess of US$7 billion. Electronic cigarettes are also known as e-cigarettes, e-cigs, EC, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) or electronic non-nicotine delivery systems (ENNDS), electronic smoking devices (ESDs), personal vaporizers, or PVs. They are handheld devices, often made to look like conventional cigarettes, and used in a similar way. E-liquid or juice are names for the flavored solution that goes inside the e-cigarette. An aerosol, or vapor, is produced by heating the e-liquid. Irish public health discussions refer to NMNDS ("non-medicinal nicotine delivery systems"). When the FDA commissioned their 2018 report on ENDS which they label as
Electronic cigarette
4904363
of traditional cigarette calls were related to children 5 years old or less. Most of the traditional cigarette calls were a minor effect. Calls to US poison control centers related to e-cigarette exposures involved inhalations, eye exposures, skin exposures, and ingestion, in both adults and young children. Minor, moderate, and serious adverse effects involved adults and young children. Minor effects correlated with e-cigarette liquid poisoning were tachycardia, tremor, chest pain and hypertension. More serious effects were bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, respiratory paralysis, atrial fibrillation and dyspnea. The exact correlation is not fully known between these effects and e-cigarettes. 58% of e-cigarette
Nicotine poisoning
20506044
E-cigarette businessmen named their product ""Ducal"", similar to the traditional cigarette brand. Currently, Ducal is protected under class 34 of the International Classification of Goods and Services, namely that of tobacco and smokers. However, the same law also falls under the field of which the electronic cigarette sits. In January 2018 a judge has yet to decide whether or not the name is a breach of the brand protection law. The brand is mainly sold in Luxembourg, but also was or still is sold in Belgium, Netherlands (as rolling tobacco), Germany and Peru. Ducal (cigarette) Ducal is a Luxembourgish brand
Ducal (cigarette)
10485043
bought the UK E-Lites brand in June 2014. On 15 July 2014, Lorillard sold blu to Imperial Tobacco as part of a deal for $7.1 billion. In 2014, dollar sales of customizable e-cigarettes and e-liquid surpassed sales of cigalikes in the US, despite the fact that customizables are less expensive. Consumers of e-cigarettes, sometimes called "vapers", have shown passionate support for e-cigarettes that other nicotine replacement therapies did not receive. This suggests e-cigarettes have potential mass appeal that could challenge combustible tobacco's market position. A subculture of "vapers" has emerged. Members of this emerging subculture often see e-cigarettes as a
Electronic cigarette
5503582
person in 2002. The 15.12 billion spent in the United States in 2003 amounted to more than $45 for every person in the United States, more than $36 million per day, and more than $290 for each U.S. adult smoker. Television and radio e-cigarette advertising in some countries may be indirectly advertising traditional cigarette smoking. A 2014 review said, "the e-cigarette companies have been rapidly expanding using aggressive marketing messages similar to those used to promote cigarettes in the 1950s and 1960s." In the US, six large e-cigarette businesses spent $59.3 million on promoting e-cigarettes in 2013. E-cigarettes are increasingly
Nicotine marketing
10484988
heavy metals at levels permissible in inhalation medicines, and potentially harmful chemicals not found in tobacco smoke at concentrations permissible by workplace safety standards. However, chemical concentrations may exceed the stricter public safety limits. The modern e-cigarette was invented in 2003 by Chinese pharmacist Hon Lik, and as of 2018 most e-cigarettes are made in China. Since they were first sold in 2004 their global use has risen exponentially. In the United States and the United Kingdom their use is widespread. Reasons for using e-cigarettes involve trying to quit smoking, reduce risk, or save money, though some use them recreationally.
Electronic cigarette
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poison control centers related to e-cigarette exposures involved inhalations, eye exposures, skin exposures, and ingestion, in both adults and young children. Minor, moderate, and serious adverse effects involved adults and young children. Minor effects correlated with e-cigarette liquid poisoning were tachycardia, tremor, chest pain and hypertension. More serious effects were bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, respiratory paralysis, atrial fibrillation and dyspnea. The exact correlation is not fully known between these effects and e-cigarettes. 58% of e-cigarette calls to US poison control centers were related to children 5 years old or less. E-cigarette calls had a greater chance to report an adverse effect
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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Public Health England say there is no evidence that e-cigarettes increase teen tobacco smoking, and tentative evidence that e-cigarettes divert young people away from cigarettes; but in the US, researchers say use by young people correlates with increased desire to smoke tobacco, and that teenagers who have used an e-cigarette are more inclined to become smokers than those who had not. Most adolescents who vape do not smoke cigarettes. Most say that when they vape, they use liquid without nicotine. Motivation for use by minors is not likely to be associated with quitting smoking. It is more likely to be
Electronic cigarette
20064593
Ray Story Ray Story (born in 1964) is the founder and owner of The United Tobacco Vapor Group (UTVG) USA as well as UTVG Europe BV, an electronic cigarette company. He is also the creator of Flavor Vapes, Premium Vapes, Vape Master Cigar, Wanna Vape, and E-Hitter, all brands under the UTVG name. The company's products are sold globally online and in store. He is also the creator of a new patented vaporization technology for the E-Cigarette called "qmos" which moves away from the traditional heating methods of first generation vaporizers and e-cigarettes in favor of a wick-less and coil-less
Ray Story
2706721
Kool (cigarette) Kool (stylized as KOOL) is an American brand of menthol cigarette, currently owned and manufactured by ITG Brands LLC (a subsidiary of Imperial Tobacco Company). Kool cigarettes sold outside of the U.S. are manufactured by British American Tobacco. Kool was launched in 1933 by Brown and Williamson as an unfiltered 70mm "regular" cigarette, Kool was the first popular menthol cigarette. Spud cigarettes, introduced in 1927 by the Axton-Fisher Tobacco Company, had been the first menthol cigarette to be distributed and marketed nationwide, but Kool quickly overtook them in sales. Kool enjoyed continued success through the 1950s, when growing
Kool (cigarette)
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in the UK. , around two thirds of major nations have regulated e-cigarettes in some way. Because of the potential relationship with tobacco laws and medical drug policies, e-cigarette legislation is being debated in many countries. The companies that make e-cigarettes have been pushing for laws that support their interests. In 2016 the US Department of Transportation banned the use of e-cigarettes on commercial flights. This regulation applies to all flights to and from the US. In 2018, the Royal College of Physicians asked that a balance is found in regulations over e-cigarettes that ensure product safety while encouraging smokers
Electronic cigarette
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to suggest an association of clean air with the nicotine product. According to a 2014 review, e-cigarettes are aggressively promoted in the US, mostly via the internet, as a healthy alternative to smoking. Celebrity endorsements are used to encourage e-cigarette use. "Big tobacco" markets e-cigarettes to young people, with industry strategies including cartoon characters and candy flavors to sell e-cigarettes. E-cigarette companies commonly promote that their products contain only water, nicotine, glycerin, propylene glycol, and flavoring but this assertion is misleading as scientists have found differing amounts of heavy metals in the vapor, including chromium, nickel, tin, silver, cadmium, mercury,
Electronic cigarette
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chromium, nickel, tin, silver, cadmium, mercury, and aluminum. The assertion that e-cigarette emit "only water vapor" is false because the evidence indicates e-cigarette vapor contains possibly harmful chemicals such as nicotine, carbonyls, metals, and organic volatile compounds, in addition to particulates. Medical claims are also made, including "pharmaceuticalization", comparing e-cigarettes to nicotine inhalers. E-liquids marketed as "nicotine-free" have been found to contain nicotine. Celebrity endorsements are also used to encourage e-cigarette use. A national US television advertising campaign starred Steven Dorff exhaling a "thick flume" of what the ad describes as "vapor, not tobacco smoke", exhorting smokers with the message
Marketing of electronic cigarettes
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area when an e-cigarette exploded in his mouth. A young man endured bilateral corneal burns to the eye area when an e-cigarette exploded near his chest. E-cigarette explosions have resulted in burns, lost teeth, neck fractures, and battery acid contact to the face, mouth, and eyes. A man died when a charging an e-cigarette blew up and caught on fire next to oxygen equipment. House and car fires and skin burns have resulted from some of the explosions. The explosions were the result of extended charging, use of unsuitable chargers, or design flaws. There is a possible risk to bystanders
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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and liquids; vape shops that mix e-liquids or make or modify devices were considered manufacturing sites that needed to register with FDA and comply with good manufacturing practice regulation. E-cigarette and tobacco companies have recruited lobbyists in an effort to prevent the FDA from evaluating e-cigarette products or banning existing products already on the market. In February 2014 the European Parliament passed regulations requiring standardization and quality control for liquids and vaporizers, disclosure of ingredients in liquids, and child-proofing and tamper-proofing for liquid packaging. In April 2014 the FDA published proposed regulations for e-cigarettes along similar lines. In the US
Electronic cigarette
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sold by the traditional tobacco multinationals. Nicotine marketing Nicotine marketing is the marketing of nicotine-containing products or use. Traditionally, the tobacco industry markets cigarette smoking, but it is increasingly marketing other products, such as e-cigarettes. Products are marketed through social media, stealth marketing, mass media, and sponsorship (particularly of sporting events). Expenditures on nicotine marketing are in the tens of billions a year; in the US alone, spending was over US$ 1million per hour in 2016; in 2003, per-capita marketing spending was $290 per adult smoker, or $45 per inhabitant. Nicotine marketing is increasingly regulated; some forms of nicotine advertising
Nicotine marketing
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from antitrust regulators, as R.J. Reynolds Tobacco already owned the e-cig brand Vuse. In 2015 blu eCigs' website stated, "our position is that electronic cigarettes are addicting." In 2015 blu eCigs was the second most popular e-cigarette brand in the US with sales of 23.6% dollar, 17.3% unit. blu sells its products in the United States, the United Kingdom, Spain, France and Italy. In 2016, the e-cigarette brand JAI (also owned by Fontem Ventures) was discontinued to focus more attention on building the blu brand of e-cigarettes. blu offers rechargeable, single-use and refillable e-liquid products such as myblu, blu PLUS+,
Blu eCigs
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liquid tanks; and mods, assembled from basic parts or by altering existing products. The primary parts that make up an e-cigarette are a mouthpiece, a cartridge (tank), a heating element/atomizer, a microprocessor, a battery, and possibly a LED light on the end. The only exception to this are mechanical e-cigarettes (mods) which contain no electronics and the circuit is closed by using a mechanical action switch. E-cigarettes are sold in disposable or reusable variants. Disposable e-cigarettes are discarded once the liquid in the cartridge is used up, while rechargeable e-cigarettes may be used indefinitely. A disposable e-cigarette lasts to around
Construction of electronic cigarettes
4379468
of young smokers smoke menthol cigarettes, which accounts for nearly 25% of the total cigarette consumption in the United States. Young smokers habituated to kreteks, however, account for less than 1% of cigarette consumption in the US, and <1% of the total cigarettes sold in the US. On April 4, 2012, the WTO ruled in favor of Indonesia's claim, though it is unclear how this will affect U.S. law. Kretek cigarettes are among others sold in the Netherlands, Germany, France, Australia, Brazil etc. In Europe only smaller packs and thinner cigarettes are sold to adhere to the EU established maximum
Kretek
18851947
UK on the nicotine content, meaning the nicotine strength of any e-liquid cannot exceed 20 mg/mL (2.0%). Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid E-liquid is the mixture used in electronic cigarettes. The main ingredients in the e-liquid usually are propylene glycol, glycerin, nicotine, and flavorings. However, there are e-liquids sold without propylene glycol, nicotine, or flavors. The liquid typically contains 95% propylene glycol and glycerin. Propylene glycol and glycerine are used to produce the vapor while the flavoring provides the taste and aroma. The flavorings may be natural or artificial. About 8,000 flavors exist as of 2014. There are many e-liquids
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
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As of 2014, the majority of users still smoke tobacco. There are concerns that dual use of tobacco products and e-cigarettes may "delay or deter quitting". About 60% of UK users are smokers and roughly 40% are ex-smokers. In the UK use among never-smokers was negligible. Because of overlap with tobacco laws and medical drug policies, e-cigarette legislation is debated in many countries. A European directive of 2016 set standards for liquids, vaporizers, ingredients and child-proof liquid containers. As of August 2016, the US FDA extended its regulatory power to include e-cigarettes. There are around 500 brands of e-cigarettes, with
Electronic cigarette
11793246
of purchased cigarettes (the March 2010 Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking Act had previously legislated against such trade). In May 2013, Seneca also announced and introduced a disposable E-cig line featuring three flavors, regular, menthol, and bold. These e-cigs are estimated to have 300 puffs, and come in packaging similar to the normal cigarette line, except distributed in single size and carton size packs. In June 2013, ESenecacigs.com was the first to announce the distribution of the E-Seneca cigarette. Seneca (cigarette) Seneca cigarettes are a popular brand of native cigarettes manufactured by Grand River Enterprises in Six Nations, Ontario, Canada.Seneca Cigarettes
Seneca (cigarette)
8237494
with the typical white wrapper and white or cork filters. Bridging the gap between cigars and cigarettes More was the first successful 120 mm cigarette. It had a strong flavor and when introduced was higher in tar and nicotine than most filter cigarettes on the market. It is sold in both the full flavor and menthol flavors. It is currently considered a niche brand by R.J. Reynolds, still sold, but not promoted by advertising. It is sold globally under license to various other tobacco companies under the title of More International. The brand was expanded to include 'light' styles in
More (cigarette)
18414725
US National Association of County and City Health Officials has stated, "Public health experts have expressed concern that e-cigarettes may increase nicotine addiction and tobacco use in young people." No long-term studies have evaluated future tobacco use as a result of e-cigarette use. E-cigarette vapor potentially contains harmful substances not found in tobacco smoke. , the short-term and long-term effects from using e-cigarettes remain unclear. Adverse effects are mostly associated with short-term use and the reported adverse effects decreased over time. Long-term studies regarding the effects of constant use of e-cigarettes are unavailable. The adverse effects of e-cigarettes on people
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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age of 25". This ban however does not apply to menthol cigarettes, which are exempt from the bill. Lawsuits against the tobacco industry are primarily restricted to the United States due to differences in legal systems in other countries. Many businesses class ongoing lawsuits as a cost of doing business in the US and feel their revenue will be only marginally affected by the activities. Large tobacco companies have entered the electronic cigarette market by either buying some of the small e-cigarette companies or by starting their own e-cigarette companies. On May 11, 2004, the U.S. became the 108th country
Tobacco industry
18851941
Clinical Oncology has reported that "Third-hand exposure occurs when nicotine and other chemicals from second-hand aerosol deposit on surfaces, exposing people through touch, ingestion, and inhalation". Public health England, looking at the available research said the amount of nicotine deposited was low and that an infant would have to lick 30 square meters to be exposed to 1 mg of nicotine. The statement noted there are no published studies of third hand exposure from e-cigarettes, however initial data suggests that nicotine from e-cigarettes may stick to surfaces and would be hard to remove. The e-liquid is sold in bottles or
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
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e-cigarette. Lik quit smoking after his father, also a heavy smoker, died of lung cancer. In 2001, he thought of using a high frequency, piezoelectric ultrasound-emitting element to vaporize a pressurized jet of liquid containing nicotine. This design creates a smoke-like vapor. Lik said that using resistance heating obtained better results and the difficulty was to scale down the device to a small enough size. Lik's invention was intended to be an alternative to smoking. Hon Lik registered a patent for the modern e-cigarette design in 2003. The e-cigarette was first introduced to the Chinese domestic market in 2004. Many
Electronic cigarette
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in a single session. Most e-liquids are produced by a few manufacturers in China, the US and Europe. An e-cigarette user will usually obtain 300 to 500 puffs per mL of liquid. The two most common e-liquid bases are propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG). Propylene glycol is tasteless and odorless, and therefore it doesn't affect the flavor of the e-liquid. It is known, however, to cause allergic reactions in some users, and in such case it is advised to stop the use immediately. Vegetable glycerin, on the other hand, is a lot thicker in consistency, and it doesn't
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
18067169
modify devices were considered manufacturing sites that needed to register with FDA and comply with good manufacturing practice regulation. E-cigarette and tobacco companies have recruited lobbyists in an effort to prevent the FDA from evaluating e-cigarette products or banning existing products already on the market. In February 2014 the European Parliament passed regulations requiring standardization and quality control for liquids and vaporizers, disclosure of ingredients in liquids, and child-proofing and tamper-proofing for liquid packaging. In April 2014 the FDA published proposed regulations for e-cigarettes. In the US some states tax e-cigarettes as tobacco products, and some state and regional governments
Regulation of electronic cigarettes
10485068
competitor—RJ Reynolds' Vuse—makes up less than 10% of the market. JUUL rose to popularity quickly, growing by 700% in 2016 alone. JUUL is a "pod mod" type device, which exclusively uses "pods" (cartridges) of e-liquid rather than a refillable tank, and its popularity has led to a flood of other pod mod devices hitting the American market. In Canada, e-cigarettes had an estimated value of 140 million CAD in 2015. There are numerous e-cigarette retail shops in Canada. A 2014 audit of retailers in four Canadian cities found that 94% of grocery stores, convenience stores, and tobacconist shops which sold
Electronic cigarette
10485056
extended its regulatory power to include e-cigarettes. Under this ruling the FDA will evaluate certain issues, including ingredients, product features and health risks, as well their appeal to minors and non-users. The FDA rule also bans access to minors. A photo ID is required to buy e-cigarettes, and their sale in all-ages vending machines is not permitted in the US. In May 2016 the FDA used its authority under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act to deem e-cigarette devices and e-liquids to be tobacco products, which meant it intended to regulate the marketing, labelling, and manufacture of devices
Electronic cigarette
20735786
There is no evidence that the cigarette brands are selling e-cigarettes as part of a plan to phase out traditional cigarettes, despite some claiming to want to cooperate in "harm reduction". According to a 2014 review, e-cigarettes are aggressively promoted in the US, mostly via the internet, as a healthy alternative to smoking. There are concerns of claims that e-cigarettes are harmless, or even beneficial, to the user. E-cigarette companies commonly promote that their products contain only water, nicotine, glycerin, propylene glycol, and flavoring but this assertion is misleading. have found differing amounts of heavy metals in the vapor, including
Marketing of electronic cigarettes
10485069
e-cigarettes sold nicotine-free varieties only, while all vape shops stocked at least one nicotine-containing product. In the UK in 2015 the "most prominent brands of cigalikes" were owned by tobacco companies, however, with the exception of one model, all the tank types came from "non-tobacco industry companies". Yet some tobacco industry products, while using prefilled cartridges, resemble tank models. France's electronic cigarette market was estimated by Groupe Xerfi to be €130 million in 2015. Additionally, France's e-liquid market was estimated at €265 million. In December 2015, there were 2,400 vape shops in France, 400 fewer than in March of the
Electronic cigarette
20507842
normal king size cigarettes and 100s cigarettes. Level is mainly sold in Sweden, but also was or still is sold in Norway, Denmark, Poland, Ukraine and Russia. Below are all the current brands of Level cigarettes sold, with the levels of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide included. Level (cigarette) Level is a Swedish brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by JTI Sweden, a subsidiary of Japan Tobacco. Level was launched in 2001 as a budget brand cigarette. Level was the first low priced cigarette introduced in Sweden. At introduction, a pack of Level costed 26 Swedish Krona. Level has
Level (cigarette)
18414767
with traditional cigarettes. Many chemical compounds can inadvertently be produced from e-cigarettes, especially carbonyl compounds like formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and glyoxal by the chemical reaction of the e-liquid when the nichrome wire (heating element) is heated, to high temperatures. These compounds are frequently identified in e-cigarette aerosols. The propylene glycol-containing liquids produced the most amounts of carbonyls in e-cigarette aerosols. The levels of toxic chemicals in the vapor were found to be 1 to 2 orders of magnitude smaller than with cigarette smoke but greater than from a nicotine inhaler. Nearly all e-cigarettes evaluated, toxic and irritation-causing carbonyls were identified.
Safety of electronic cigarettes
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Dragonite International Limited Dragonite International Limited is a health care and pharmaceutical company. In 2013, Imperial Tobacco purchased Dragonite's electronic cigarette division. It was formerly known as Ruyan Group (Holdings) Limited (Simplified Chinese:如烟集团有限公司; Traditional Chinese: 如煙集團有限公司; Pinyin: rúyān Jítuán Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī), and initially, Golden Dragon Group (Holdings). Mr. Hon Lik (now Ruyan America's Chairman) patented a design (using high-frequency electronics) and is the original inventor of the first e-cigarettes sold (2003) and Ruyan has registered patents in more than 40 countries since 2003. Ruyan began to form the idea for the electronic cigarette in 2000. In 2003, SBT was established,
Dragonite International Limited
14491741
The most common reasons for using e-cigarettes was to experiment, followed by others reporting e-cigarettes taste good and e-cigarettes to aid in quitting smoking conventional cigarettes. Less students associate e-cigarette with serious risk in comparison to smoking conventional cigarettes. In a nationwide examination as part of the National Youth Tobacco Survey 2011 and 2012 cohort, e-cigarette use was associated with a greater likelihood of having a history or currently being an active cigarette smoker. For individuals that were current smokers, e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of planning to quit smoking. Among cigarette experimenters, defined in this particular study
Youth smoking
18414781
the correlation between sub-acute bronchiolitis and vaping. After quitting vaping the symptoms improved. The long-term effects regarding respiratory flow resistance are unknown. E-cigarettes could harm the respiratory system. The immediate effects of e-cigarettes after 5 minutes of use on pulmonary function resulted in considerable increases in resistance to lung airflow. A 2013 review found an instant increase in airway resistance after using a single e-cigarette. Any reported harmful effects to cardiovascular and respiratory functions after short-term use of e-cigarettes were appreciably milder in comparison to cigarette smoke. When used in the short-term, an e-cigarette resulted in a rise of respiratory
Safety of electronic cigarettes
10485005
review requirements for most e-cigarette and e-liquid products have been extended from November 2017 to 2022. Smokers will get the maximum health benefit if they completely quit all nicotine use. The second-best option for smokers is to switch to approved, regulated nicotine replacement therapy. Most medical organizations, including international organizations such as the WHO and those in the US, feel there is insufficient evidence to routinely recommend electronic cigarettes for use in smoking cessation. Other medical organizations, particularly British ones, state e-cigarettes are a reasonable third-best alternative for those who smoke, are unable to quit, and unwilling to switch to
Electronic cigarette
9827505
safe, but this product presents substantially lower risks to health than cigarettes." E-cigarettes are battery-powered devices that provide nicotine for inhalation in a vapour generated by heating a solution of water, nicotine propylene glycol or vegetable glycerin and typically some flavouring. They were first developed in China in 2003, and first introduced to Europe and the US around 2006. There are many brands and models of e-cigarettes available today but they can be broadly grouped into three categories. First generation e-cigarettes are similar in appearance to a conventional cigarette and are typically designed to be for single use. Second generation
Tobacco harm reduction
10485034
smokers, particularly when the users are inexperienced or using earlier-generation devices. Nicotine in tobacco smoke is absorbed into the bloodstream rapidly, and e-cigarette vapor is relatively slow in this regard. The concentration of nicotine in e-liquid ranges up to 36 mg/mL. New EU regulations cap this at a maximum of 2% (20 mg/mL), but this is an arbitrary ceiling based on limited data. In practice the nicotine concentration in an e-liquid is not a reliable guide to the amount of nicotine that reaches the bloodstream. The earliest e-cigarette can be traced to Herbert A. Gilbert, who in 1963 patented "a
Electronic cigarette
18789525
to smoking. A noticeable difference between the traditional cigarette and the e-cigarette is sense of touch. A traditional cigarette is smooth and light but an e-cigarette is rigid, cold and slightly heavier. Since e-cigarettes are more complex than traditional cigarettes, a learning curve is needed to use them correctly. Compared to traditional cigarettes, the general e-cigarette puff time is much longer, and requires a more forceful suction than a regular cigarette. The volume of vapor created by e-cigarette devices in 2012 declined with vaping. Thus, to create the same volume of vapor increasing puff force is needed. Later-generation e-cigarettes with
Construction of electronic cigarettes
18067167
This regulation applies to all flights to and from the US. The legal status of e-cigarettes is currently pending in many countries. Many countries such as Brazil, Singapore, the Seychelles, and Uruguay have banned e-cigarettes. In Canada, they are technically illegal to sell, as no nicotine-containing e-cigarette is approved by Health Canada, but this is generally unenforced and they are commonly available for sale Canada-wide. In the US and the UK, the use and sale to adults of e-cigarettes are legal. As of August 8, 2016, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) extended its regulatory power to include e-cigarettes.
Regulation of electronic cigarettes
18414795
extract, or synthetic nicotine when questioning the environmental impact of how it is made. It is not clear which manufacturing methods are used to make the nicotine used in e-cigarettes. The emissions from making nicotine could be considerable from manufacturing if not appropriately controlled. Some e-cigarette brands that use cartridges state their products are ‘eco-friendly’ or ‘green’, despite the absence of any supporting studies. Some writers contend that such marketing may raise sales and increase e-cigarette interest, particularly among minors. It is unclear how many traditional cigarettes are comparable to using one e-cigarette that uses a cartridge for the average
Safety of electronic cigarettes
10485028
similar to the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act experienced a significant drop in the average number of exposures during the 9 months before the Act went into effect compared with the 9 months after. In addition to lack of child-resistant packaging, other factors that the FDA and CDC have attributed to the rise in child ingestion of e-liquid are dessert and candy flavored e-liquids and misbranded e-liquids. Misbranded e-liquids are often sold in packaging that resembles kid-friendly foods, beverages, or candies. Some e-liquids are sold in packaging closely resembling Tree Top-brand juice boxes, Reddi-wip whipped cream, or Sour Patch Kids
Electronic cigarette
3579291
Switzerland, Poland, Romania, Moldova, Estonia, Lithuania,Kuwait, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Turkey, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Mongolia, China, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea. Parliaments are sold in the following varieties: Parliament (cigarette) Parliament is an American brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by Philip Morris USA in the United States and Philip Morris International outside of the United States. The brand was launched in 1931 and is distinctive for its recessed paper filters. It was originally used as an advertising gimmick when cigarettes did not have filters. The first commercial cigarette filters came into use in 1935.
Parliament (cigarette)
18067173
can be sold, require child-proof and tamper-proof packaging of liquid, set requirements on purity of ingredients, require that the devices deliver consistent doses of vapor, require disclosure of ingredients and nicotine content, and empower regulators to act if the regulations are violated. In October 2014 e-cigarette manufacturer Totally Wicked won the right to challenge the directive at the Court of Justice of the EU. The hearing took place on 1 October 2015 and the results will not be announced until early 2016. In autumn 2013, the e-cigarette industry ran "a determined lobbying campaign" to defeat proposed European legislation to regulate
Regulation of electronic cigarettes
10485072
companies including Canada's Eagle Energy Vapor are selling caffeine-based e-cigarettes instead of nicotine. Electronic cigarette An electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is a handheld electronic device that simulates the feeling of smoking. It works by heating a liquid to generate an aerosol, commonly called a "vapor", that the user inhales. Using e-cigarettes is commonly referred to as vaping. The liquid in the e-cigarette, called e-liquid, or e-juice, is usually made of nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerine, and flavorings. Not all e-liquids contain nicotine. The health risks of e-cigarettes are uncertain. They are likely safer than tobacco cigarettes but are of unclear effect
Electronic cigarette
18851945
cause allergic reactions. It also produces significantly more vapor, which has a slight sweet taste. E-liquids are manufactured by many producers, both in the US and across the world. First tier manufacturers use lab suits, gloves, hair covers, inside of certified clean rooms with air filtration similar to pharmaceutical-grade production areas. Standards for e-liquid manufacturing have been created by American E-liquid Manufacturing Standards Association (AEMSA), which is trade association dedicated to creating responsible and sustainable standards for the safe manufacturing of e-liquids used in vapor products. AEMSA has published a comprehensive list standards and best known methods, which are openly
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
13394790
According to US health reports, 43% of young smokers smoke menthol cigarettes, which accounts for nearly 25% of the total cigarette consumption in the United States. Young smokers habituated to kreteks, however, account for less than 1% of cigarette consumption in the US, and <1% of the total cigarettes sold in the US. On 4 April 2012, the WTO ruled in favor of Indonesia's claim, though it is unclear how this will affect U.S. law. Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, (, ) is a federal statute in the United States
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act
19025513
popularity of the JUUL e-cigarette has taken off, the company has grown quickly, from employing 200 people in September 2017 to 400 in May 2018 to over 800 by September 2018. , the JUUL e-cigarette is made in Shenzhen, China, like many other e-cigarettes, while the pods are made in the United States. JUUL Labs was co-founded by two former cigarette smokers, Adam Bowen and James Monsees. They first created a company called Ploom while they were product-design grad students at Stanford University, and later created the Pax vaporizer device for cannabis and loose-leaf tobacco before founding JUUL. , Bowen
JUUL
10484986
Electronic cigarette An electronic cigarette or e-cigarette is a handheld electronic device that simulates the feeling of smoking. It works by heating a liquid to generate an aerosol, commonly called a "vapor", that the user inhales. Using e-cigarettes is commonly referred to as vaping. The liquid in the e-cigarette, called e-liquid, or e-juice, is usually made of nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerine, and flavorings. Not all e-liquids contain nicotine. The health risks of e-cigarettes are uncertain. They are likely safer than tobacco cigarettes but are of unclear effect in relation to other methods of stopping smoking. Their long-term health effects are
Electronic cigarette
18851924
identified. E-cigarette makers do not fully disclose information on the chemicals that can be released or synthesized during use. The metals have been found in trace amounts in the vapor, some of them at higher amounts than in cigarette smoke. The peak concentration of nicotine delivered by e-cigarette use is comparable to that produced by conventional cigarette smoking. Diacetyl is found in the aerosol as well as in the air around people who vape. E-liquid, e-fluid, or e-juice is the mixture used in vapor products including e-cigarettes. E-Liquids come in many variations, including different nicotine strengths and many different flavors.
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
18414748
the US Federal Aviation Administration issued a safety alert to air carriers that e-cigarettes should not be allowed in checked baggage after a review of fire safety issues, including two fires caused by e-cigarettes in checked baggage. The International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations agency, also recommends prohibiting e-cigarettes in checked luggage. A spokesman for the Tobacco Vapor Electronic Cigarette Association said that e-cigarettes do not pose a problem if they are packed correctly in static-free packaging, but that irresponsible people may sometimes pack them carelessly or tamper with them. In-flight use of e-cigarettes is prohibited in the US.
Safety of electronic cigarettes
4585400
causally related to cigarette smoking. Congress previously passed the Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act in 1965; requiring that all cigarette packages sold in the United States carry a health warning. But after a recommendation by the Federal Trade Commission, the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act amended the 1965 law so that the warnings are made in the name of the Surgeon General. One of the major advocates of the cigarette advertising ban was the Federal Communications Commission. The FCC argued that since the topic of smoking is controversial, numerous TV and radio stations continued to break the Fairness Doctrine when
Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act
7048428
cigarette brands by U.S. market share since 2001, according to data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's National Household Survey on Drug Abuse. Winston was introduced in 1954 by the R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company and quickly became one of the top selling cigarette brands thanks to the slogan "Winston tastes good like a cigarette should". It became the number one cigarette sold in the world by 1966, a position it held until 1972 when Marlboro overtook the brand. In the 1980s, Winston was the most favored brand in Puerto Rico, due to their advertising “Winston y Puerto
Winston (cigarette)
10485002
The e-liquid reaches a temperature of roughly 100-250 °C within a chamber to create an aerosolized vapor, which the user then inhales, rather than cigarette smoke. The aerosol provides a flavor and feel similar to tobacco smoking. There are three main types of e-cigarettes: cigalikes, looking like cigarettes; eGos, bigger than cigalikes with refillable liquid tanks; and mods, assembled from basic parts or by altering existing products. As the e-cigarette industry continues to evolve, new products are quickly developed and brought to market. First generation e-cigarettes tend to look like tobacco cigarettes and so are called "cigalikes". Most cigalikes look
Electronic cigarette
15825993
In the US, Maverick is in the discount price level of the cigarette market. They are available in packs of 20. In order to comply with FDA regulations, Mavericks' former owner, Lorillard, had until June 22, 2010 to rebrand tobacco products marketed as "Lights", "Ultra-Lights", "Medium", "Mild", "Full Flavor", or similar designations to belie the impression that some tobacco products are comparatively safe. In May 2015, R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company bought the Lorillard Tobacco Company, but the FDA demanded that four brands be sold off to Imperial Tobacco to prevent a market monopoly. The brands that were sold off
Maverick (cigarette)
19025511
JUUL JUUL Labs ( , like "jewel") is an electronic cigarette company which spun off from PAX Labs in 2017. It makes the JUUL e-cigarette, which was introduced by PAX Labs in 2015. JUUL is a type of e-cigarette that uses nicotine salts that exist in leaf-based tobacco for its key ingredient. The JUUL became the most popular e-cigarette in the United States at the end of 2017 and has a market share of 72% as of September 2018. Its widespread use by youth has triggered multiple investigations by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The JUUL electronic cigarette was
JUUL
312362
only 6.7%, actually roll their own cigarettes. In contrast, this rate was 15% in Canada, 22% in Australia, and 30% in the UK. Reasons for this difference include the generally lower price of traditional cigarettes in most states in the US compared to Canada and Europe. Roll-your-own cigarette Roll-your-own cigarettes (also called RYO, MYO, rollies, roll-ups, burns, bingie, hand-rolled cigarettes, or rolls) refer to cigarettes made from loose tobacco and rolling paper. Roll-your-own products are sold in pouches or as tins of tobacco, sometimes including the rolling papers or cigarette tubes. Loose filters are available for purchase and can be
Roll-your-own cigarette
18851930
is not clear whether the ultrafine particles in e-cigarette vapor have health effects similar to those produced by traditional cigarettes. A 2014 WHO report found e-cigarettes release a lower level of particles than traditional cigarettes. Comparable to a traditional cigarette, e-cigarette particles are tiny enough to enter the alveoli, enabling nicotine absorption. E-cigarettes companies assert that the particulates produced by an e-cigarette are too tiny to be deposited in the alveoli. Exactly what comprises the vapor varies in composition and concentration across and within manufacturers. Different devices generate different particle sizes and cause different depositions in the respiratory tract, even
Electronic cigarette aerosol and liquid
16101574
in which it proposed a ban on the use of e-cigarettes in public spaces. The Bill was subsequently defeated. The annual Smokefree GB survey, published in May 2017, concluded that 52% of the 2.9 million British e-cigarette users are now ex-smokers. 26% of respondents thought e-cigarettes were as harmful as real cigarettes. In March 2017, it was reported by The Telegraph UK's e-cigarette boom is on a decline, with the number of people using e-cigarettes in Britain decreasing for the first time since their launch. Smoking in the United Kingdom Tobacco smoking in the United Kingdom is prevalent among a
Smoking in the United Kingdom
10485021
occupational exposure. Metal parts of e-cigarettes in contact with the e-liquid can contaminate it with metals. Normal usage of e-cigarettes generates very low levels of formaldehyde. Later-generation e-cigarettes can generate high levels of formaldehyde, but only when they thermally degrade under conditions that bear very little resemblance to how the devices are actually used. Users detect the "dry puff" and avoid it, and the report concluded that "There is no indication that EC users are exposed to dangerous levels of aldehydes." E-cigarette users who use e-cigarettes that contain nicotine are exposed to its potentially harmful effects. Nicotine is associated with
Electronic cigarette
18414739
of liquid are not child-resistant to stop contact or accidental ingestion of nicotine by children. "Open" e-cigarette devices, with a refillable tank for e-liquids, are believed to be the biggest risk to young children. It is recommended that e-cigarettes be kept in a safe place, where children and pets do not have access to them. Nicotine toxicity is of concern when e-cigarette solutions are swallowed intentionally by adults as a suicidal overdose. Six people attempted suicide by injecting e-liquid. One adolescent attempted suicide by swallowing the e-liquid. Three deaths were reported to have resulted from swallowing or injecting e-liquid containing
Safety of electronic cigarettes
13296259
Tastes in Europe and the United States shifted away from Turkish tobacco and Egyptian cigarettes towards Virginia tobacco, during and after the First World War. What remained of the Greek-run tobacco industry in Egypt was nationalized after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952. Egyptian-made cigarettes were thereafter sold only domestically, and became known for their poor quality (and low price). Cigarettes containing Turkish tobacco (which includes those varieties grown in what is now Greece) exclusively continued to be manufactured and sold as "Turkish cigarettes" in the US (brands Murad, Helmar and others), the UK (Sullivan & Powell, Benson & Hedges, Fribourg
Egyptian cigarette industry
2438279
until 1923. In 1924, the brand was launched. They are first marketed as "America's luxury cigarette" and were mainly sold in hotels and resorts. Around the 1930s, it was starting to be advertised as a women's cigarette, based on the slogan ""Mild As May"". The name was taken from a street in London where Philip Morris's British factory was located. However, as early as 1885, a brand called "Marlborough" was already being marketed as a ""ladies' favorite"" by Philip Morris & Co. In the 1930s, advertising for the cigarette was primarily based on how ladylike the filter cigarette was, in
Marlboro (cigarette)
20678658
season. Below is a list of all the SAX cigarette variants: The following ingredients are used in all SAX cigarette variants: Sax (cigarette) SAX (also known as SAX Musical) is an Italian brand of cigarettes, currently owned and manufactured by BAT Italia, a subsidiary of British American Tobacco. The brand was founded in 1961 and was sold in a traditional red pack with a saxophone emitting music until 1979, when the design was overhauled and the pack design was changed to dark green. It is known as one of the older-style brand of cigarettes, along with MS and Alfa. The
Sax (cigarette)
5849361
of Elton Cary's Miami Beach facility. After campaigning his boat "The Cigarette" around the world with mechanic Norris "Knocky" House as his cockpit companion, he won his second World Championship in three years, and third consecutive United States Championship while becoming only the 2nd American in history to win the UIM Gold Medal of Honor (Gar Wood was America's first UIM champion). Once Aronow was able to formally open his new company, he started Cigarette Racing Team using his own designs in 1970. Having sold Cigarette for the last time in 1982 (after having sold it and purchasing it back
Donald Aronow
18374476
blu PRO, and blu GO. blu eCigs were used in a health study involving other e-cigarette brands. The study found that e-cigarette smoking and exposure to e-cigarette aerosol has risks of inducing gene-expression changes in bronchial airway epithelium "in vitro" although less severe than those of smoking analog cigarettes. It further found that these changes were more pronounced in products containing nicotine than those without nicotine. A 2015 study compared the amount of copper in blu eCigs vapor to traditional cigarette smoke. blu eCigs had the most advertising expenses, accounting for more than 75% of the entire e-cigarette advertising in
Blu eCigs
9596395
Working Poor; filed the first bill ending discrimination based on sexual orientation; created a "living will" to provide advance directives; and sponsored the groundbreaking Maryland Responsible Gun Safety Act of 2000 which made Maryland the first state to require that all handguns be sold with built-in locks. Also, Hixson was the original sponsor of the Healthy Maryland Initiative which raised the cigarette tax by $1 as a means to close a gap in Medicaid funding. This increase was added to the 2008 tax package. Sheila Hixson sponsored legislation making Maryland the first state to enter into an Interstate Compact Agreement
Sheila E. Hixson
10485033
are unsubstantiated. No long-term studies have been done on the effectiveness of e-cigarettes in treating tobacco addiction, but some evidence suggests that dual use of e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes may be associated with greater nicotine dependence. Smoking a traditional cigarette yields between 0.5 and 1.5 mg of nicotine, but the nicotine content of the cigarette is only weakly correlated with the levels of nicotine in the smoker's bloodstream. The amount of nicotine in the e-cigarette aerosol varies widely either from puff-to-puff or among products of the same company. In practice e-cigarette users tend to reach lower blood nicotine concentrations than
Electronic cigarette
14491740
that may arise. In addition to psychological consequences, adolescent cigarette use has also been linked with subsequent drug use. The Gateway Hypothesis proposes that drug use develops in stages, with early drug use consisting of drugs such as alcohol and tobacco and later dug use consisting of more illicit drug use. Nicotine itself use itself has been shown to be an early ‘gateway’ drug that increases risk for subsequent cocaine use. One popular trend among adolescent cigarette smokers is the recent rise of e-cigarettes. For the first time in 2014, e-cigarette use was higher among adolescents than smoking traditional cigarettes.
Youth smoking
10485044
safer alternative to smoking, and some view it as a hobby. The online forum Electronic Cigarette Forum was one of the first major communities. It and other online forums, such as UKVaper.org, were the origins of the hobby of modding. There are also groups on Facebook and Reddit. Online forums based around modding have grown in the vaping community. Vapers energetically embrace activities associated with e-cigarettes and sometimes act as unpaid evangelists according to a 2014 review. A 2014 "Postgraduate Medical Journal" editorial stated that e-cigarette companies have a substantial online presence, as well as many individual vapers who blog
Electronic cigarette
3642797
the number plate (LMW 281F) was stolen repeatedly from the car. In 1986, the car was sold at auction for £2,530 and in 2001 was on display in a museum in Germany. In 2004, news sources published a claim made by retired American salesman Paul Cole (7 July 1911 – 13 February 2008), that he was the man standing on the pavement to the right of the picture. On the original cover, McCartney holds a cigarette; in 2003 several US poster companies airbrushed this cigarette out of the image, without permission from either Apple or McCartney. Shortly after the album's
Abbey Road
10484987
not known. They may help some smokers quit. When used by non-smokers, e-cigarettes can lead to nicotine addiction, and there is concern that children could start smoking after using e-cigarettes. So far, no serious adverse effects have been reported in trials. Less serious adverse effects include throat and mouth irritation, vomiting, nausea, and coughing. E-cigarettes create an aerosol, commonly called vapor. Its exact composition varies. The majority of toxic chemicals found in tobacco smoke are absent in e-cigarette aerosol. Those present are mostly below 1% of the corresponding levels in tobacco smoke. The aerosol can contain toxicants and traces of
Electronic cigarette