the tank was introduced by to the battlefields of world war i by
the British Army
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Co., during August and September 1915. The prototype of a new design that became the Mark I tank was demonstrated to the British Army on February 2 1916. Although initially termed "Landships" by the Landship Committee, production vehicles were named "tanks", to preserve secrecy. The term was chosen when it became known that the factory workers at William Foster referred to the first prototype as "the tank" because of its resemblance to a steel water tank. The French fielded their first tanks in April 1917 and ultimately produced far more tanks than all other combatants combined. The Germans, on the
Tanks in World War I
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underwent a redesign leading to a better armoured vehicle the Churchill VII. This improved design was first known as A22F then renumbered as A42. Secondly by a descriptive name, as with other equipment in the British Army - e.g. "Tank, Infantry, Mark II". This reflected the type and model of tank, i.e. "Tank, Infantry, Mark II" is a different tank to "Tank, Infantry, Mark III". The scheme was introduced during the First World War but not always applied to earlier designs. The descriptive name could also be modified by the inclusion of "A" denoting an armament change or "*" denoting
British armoured fighting vehicle production during World War II
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13251). It stems from the Royal Review held at Aldershot in the presence of King George V on 13 July 1935 on which occasion black overalls were worn on parade by all ranks of the Royal Tanks Corps. The practice lapsed during the Second World War, but was re-introduced in the 1950s. Royal Tank Regiment The Royal Tank Regiment (RTR) is the oldest tank unit in the world, being formed by the British Army in 1916 during the Great War. Today, it is the armoured regiment of the British Army's 1st Armoured Infantry Brigade. Formerly known as the Tank Corps
Royal Tank Regiment
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which gave vastly increased performance. Six variants of the two designs were introduced. The gun was also used as the basis for the Ordnance QF 32-pounder anti-tank gun variant used on the Tortoise heavy assault tank. During World War I, anti-aircraft guns and anti-aircraft gunnery developed rapidly. The British Army eventually adopted the QF 3-inch 20 cwt as the most commonly used type. Shortly before the end of the war, a new QF 3.6 inch gun was accepted for service but the end of the war meant it did not enter production. After the war, all anti-aircraft guns except the
QF 3.7-inch AA gun
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Cartier Tank The Tank is a line of watches made by Cartier. It was created by Louis Cartier in 1917, and inspired by the new Renault tanks which Cartier saw in use on the Western Front. The prototype watch was presented by Cartier to General John Pershing of the American Expeditionary Force. The Tank was introduced in 1918, and entered full production in 1919, when a total of six pieces were built. Its lines and proportions are similar to those of tanks found on First World War battlefields; it is both a square and a rectangle, and its strap is
Cartier Tank
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on Sunday mornings. These activities gave rise to the perception of a special quality of life at Fort Riley that came to be known as the "Life of Riley." The technological advances demonstrated on the battlefields of Europe and World War I – most notable the tank and machine gun – raised questions in the inter-war years over the future of cavalry. By the late 1920s, the War Department directed development of a tank force by the Army. This was followed by activation of the 7th Cavalry Brigade (Mechanized) at Fort Knox, Kentucky, in the fall of 1936 to make-up
Fort Riley
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TOG2 The Tank, Heavy, TOG II* was a prototype British tank design produced in the early part of the Second World War in case the battlefields of northern France devolved into a morass of mud, trenches and craters as had happened during the First World War. When this did not happen the tank was deemed unnecessary and the project terminated. A development of the TOG I design, only a single prototype was built before the project was dropped. The second design to come out of the Special Vehicle Development Committee (nicknamed "The Old Gang" as it was made up of
TOG2
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given a re-release by Buka entertainment on Steam in June 2014. The Entente: Battlefields World War I The Entente: Battlefields World War I is a real-time strategy PC game published in 2004 by Buka Entertainment. It simulates World War I from the perspective of the five main combatants: Russia, France, Germany, Britain and the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. It is similar in many ways to other real-time strategy games, focusing on economy and military paths to victory. The single player battles in "The Entente" are the standard battles of the game. The first option for single player games are the missions. They
The Entente: Battlefields World War I
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The Entente: Battlefields World War I The Entente: Battlefields World War I is a real-time strategy PC game published in 2004 by Buka Entertainment. It simulates World War I from the perspective of the five main combatants: Russia, France, Germany, Britain and the Austrian-Hungarian Empire. It is similar in many ways to other real-time strategy games, focusing on economy and military paths to victory. The single player battles in "The Entente" are the standard battles of the game. The first option for single player games are the missions. They are battles of the Great War that don’t fit any of
The Entente: Battlefields World War I
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TOG1 The Tank, Heavy, TOG 1 was a prototype British heavy tank produced in the early part of the Second World War in the expectation that battlefields might end up like those of the First World War. It was designed so it could cross churned-up countryside and trenches. A single prototype was built, and followed by an improved model (the TOG 2), but interest faded with the successful performance of another cross-country design, the Churchill tank, and the mobile war that was being fought. In July 1939, the Special Vehicle Development Committee was drawn up for future tank designs suitable
TOG1
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an entirely new design development, which was the case with the German Tiger I, the design became needlessly complex and costly, resulting in low production numbers. The heavy tank concept originated in World War I and coexisted with light and medium tanks until the end of the Cold War with the introduction of the main battle tank. The first British tank, the Mark I of World War I, was introduced to break through German defensive lines of trenches and barbed wire. When lighter, faster tanks were introduced, the larger tanks were classified as heavy. The Char 2C was one of
Heavy tank
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of protecting the tank against early anti-tank guns such as the British QF 2 pounder (40 mm, 1.6 in), but was vulnerable to 1943 anti-tank weapons such as the British QF 6 pounder (57 mm, 2.24 in) and QF 17 pounder (76 mm, 3 in). The P40 was designated as a heavy tank in Italy, not because of its weight, but because of the intended role: it was to accompany and support the widely used medium ("M") tanks on the battlefields. During World War I, Italy did not field armoured units for the most part till near the end of
Tanks in the Italian Army
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called TOG 1A. The fluid drive was not satisfactory either. The prototype was sent to Chobham and then seems to have disappeared into history. TOG1 The Tank, Heavy, TOG 1 was a prototype British heavy tank produced in the early part of the Second World War in the expectation that battlefields might end up like those of the First World War. It was designed so it could cross churned-up countryside and trenches. A single prototype was built, and followed by an improved model (the TOG 2), but interest faded with the successful performance of another cross-country design, the Churchill tank,
TOG1
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in a child's bedroom. Compared to the original game which featured generic World War I battlefields, diorama settings range from jungles and deserts to real world locations such as the streets of Paris and the Great Pyramids. The game features boss levels with certain large enemies, such as the Antonov winged tank, the Typhoon-class submarine and the final boss, the Russian project R.I.S.E and a number of changes and additions to the gameplay. For example, while players are still able to control vehicles such as tanks or helicopter gunships on the battlefield, time using these vehicles is limited by a
Toy Soldiers: Cold War
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Cavalry Tank Museum, Ahmednagar Cavalry Tank Museum is a military museum in Ahmednagar in the state of Maharashtra, India. It was established by the Armored Corps Centre and School in February 1994. It is the only museum of its kind in Asia and houses about 50 exhibits of vintage armored fighting vehicles. The oldest exhibit is the silver Ghost Rolls-Royce Armoured Car. The older exhibits date to First World War vintage and served on the battlefields of Cambrian Somme and Flanders. A large number of vehicles are from Second World War period. Among the exhibits there are British Valentine and
Cavalry Tank Museum, Ahmednagar
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suspension and went through successful trials in May 1943. No further development occurred, although a revised version, the TOG 2 (R) was proposed. The 'R' would have been shorter, used torsion bar suspension and had no sponsons. The TOG 2 can be seen at The Tank Museum. TOG2 The Tank, Heavy, TOG II* was a prototype British tank design produced in the early part of the Second World War in case the battlefields of northern France devolved into a morass of mud, trenches and craters as had happened during the First World War. When this did not happen the tank
TOG2
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fielded very few tanks during World War I, and started development only after encountering British tanks on the Somme. The A7V, the only type made, was introduced in March 1918. with just 20 being produced during the war. The first tank "versus" tank action took place on 24 April 1918 at the Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux, France, when three British Mark IVs met three German A7Vs. Captured British Mk IVs formed the bulk of Germany's tank forces during World War I; about 35 were in service at any one time. Plans to expand the tank programme were under way when
Tank
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amphibious tank. There was a second ideogram to distinguish the models. The Type 97 Chi-Ha is a medium tank introduced in 1937, the Type 2 Ke-To is a light tank introduced in 1942. There is sometimes a surname to supplement or replace the ideograms. The "Type 97 Shinhoto Chi-Ha" is a variation of the medium tank Chi-Ha with a new turret (meaning of the word Shinhoto). The Type 95 light tank had the surname "Ha-Go" (third model) that was given by its designer, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. After World War I ended, many European countries attempted to mechanize their cavalry. The
Tanks in the Japanese Army
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Anti-tank rifle An anti-tank rifle is a rifle designed to penetrate the armour of vehicles, particularly tanks. The usefulness of rifles for this purpose ran from the introduction of tanks in World War I until the Korean War. While medium and heavy tank armour became too thick to be penetrated by rigid projectiles from rifles that could be carried by a single soldier, anti-tank rifles continued to be used against other targets, though recoilless rifles and rocket-propelled grenades such as the bazooka were also introduced for infantry close-layer defense against tanks. The tug of war between armour and projectiles had
Anti-tank rifle
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Mobile personnel shield A mobile personnel shield is a type of bulletproof shield equipped with wheels. Such devices were employed experimentally during the trench warfare of World War I. The immobility of the trench warfare characterizing the First World War led to a need for a device that would protect soldiers from enemy fire and could help them move on the extremely irregular terrain of battlefields. The French colonel Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne considered armed cross-country vehicles such as the future tank as early as August 1914, but also imagined mobile personnel shield to assist individual soldiers. Apart from a
Mobile personnel shield
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Wyatt travel to World War l on September 14, 1918, to save Lucy from Rittenhouse. There have been comparably few games set during World War I. Many of those that have been made focused on the air war, such as Sopwith from 1984. However, NecroVision is one of the few first person shooters games set in World War I, where the player fights on known battlefields during the war, such as the Somme. "" final DLC pack features "Origins", a zombie map that is set in a dieselpunk France during World War I. "" was released by Ubisoft in 2014.
World War I in popular culture
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with Australian vegetation. Obelisks were particularly popular memorials at Gallipoli along the ridges, including one obelisk 100 ft high. There was uncertainty as to how to treat the wider battlefields surrounding these monuments. At the end of the war, visitors and tourists could easily see the damage caused by the war and the detritus of the fighting, but post-war reconstruction meant that by the 1930s most of this damage along the Western front had been restored. In several cases, veterans felt that the battlefields should be maintained in their immediate post-war condition as memorials; the reconstruction of the town of
World War I memorials
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After the war, it was doubled in size to accommodate the remains of soldiers from makeshift cemeteries and desert battlefields, notably in Qatia, Rumani, Magdhaba, El Arish and Rafa. Formally designed in 1919 by Sir Robert Lorimer, the cemetery contains 1,562 Commonwealth burials from World War I and 110 from World War II. There are also 341 war graves of other nationalities. The Kantara Memorial bears the names of 16 New Zealand World War I servicemen presumed killed in action at Rafa and Rumani. In 1961, panels bearing the names of 283 World War I Indian servicemen, interred in the
El Qantara, Egypt
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A7V The A7V was a heavy tank introduced by Germany in 1918, during World War I. One hundred chassis were ordered in early 1917, 10 to be finished as fighting vehicles with armoured bodies, and the remainder as Überlandwagen cargo carriers. The number to be armoured was later increased to 20. They were used in action from March to October 1918, and were the only tanks produced by Germany in World War I to be used in combat. Following the appearance of the first British tanks on the Western Front, in September 1916, the German War Ministry formed a committee,
A7V
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Type 69 RPG The Type 69 85mm rocket propelled grenade (RPG), made by Norinco, is a Chinese variant of the Soviet RPG-7. First introduced in 1972, the Type 69 is a common individual anti-tank weapon in service with the PLA. More advanced grenade rounds were developed in the 1980s and 1990s to meet the requirements of modern battlefields. Eventually, the aging Type 69 RPG family was replaced by modern anti-tank weapon systems developed by China such as Type 89 and Type 08. China first obtained the RPG-2 85mm anti-tank RPG in the early 1950s, and began to build Chinese copies
Type 69 RPG
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records in France, Germany the "Kriegsbibliothek". During the conflict itself, monuments were erected near the battlefields and the temporary cemeteries being used to store the dead. It had been hoped in Britain to repatriate the war dead, but this rapidly proved entirely impractical, leading to haphazard, improvised arrangements around the battlefields. By 1916 over 200 war cemeteries had been commissioned in France and Belgium, prompting debate about what longer term memorials might be appropriate at these sites. The government was concerned that unsuitable, even distasteful memorials might be erected by relatives at the cemeteries and the decision was taken that
World War I memorials
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Lyall Howard Lyall Falconer Howard (1896 – 30 November 1955) was a World War I veteran, engineer and business owner, and the father of the former Australian prime minister, John Howard. He was born and raised near Maclean in the Clarence River region of northern New South Wales. His hand-written war diary penned on the battlefields of the Western Front in 1916 is used by historians to retrace the experiences of Australian soldiers in World War I. During World War I, Lyall Howard was known as a proud patriot. On 16 January 1916, at age 19, he signed up to
Lyall Howard
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the more heroic aspects of the fighting, and to avoid the flavour of memorials to the fallen that were being built elsewhere; by 1921, however, the committee had entered into a partnership with IWGC and adopted the same focus on the sacrifice of the fallen soldiers. The Canadian Battlefields Memorials Commission (CBMC) was similarly established in 1920 to produce war memorials for the major battlefields involving Canadian forces. A range of battlefield memorials emerged. The huge Douaumont ossuary was built to remember Verdun through a private French charity, organised by the Bishop of Verdun. The ossuary was deliberately multi-faith, however,
World War I memorials
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Mark IV tank The Mark IV (pronounced "Mark four") was a British tank of the First World War. Introduced in 1917, it benefited from significant developments of the Mark I tank (the intervening designs being small batches used for training). The main improvements were in armour, the re-siting of the fuel tank and ease of transport. A total of 1,220 Mk IV were built: 420 "Males", 595 "Females" and 205 Tank Tenders (unarmed vehicles used to carry supplies), which made it the most numerous British tank of the war. The Mark IV was first used in mid 1917 at the
Mark IV tank
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Propaganda in World War I World War I was the first war in which mass media and propaganda played a significant role in keeping the people at home informed about what was occurring on the battlefields. This was also the first war in which the government systematically produced propaganda as a way to target the public and alter their opinion. External propaganda to other countries was an integral part of the diplomatic history of World War I and was designed to build support for the cause, or to undermine support for the enemy. The United States entered World War I
Propaganda in World War I
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camps on the west coast as an instructor just prior to World War I. He also took time to further other interests of value to an officer. In 1919 he was National Junior Saber Champion. Next he was assigned as a tactical officer at West Point, which prevented him from going overseas in World War I. He modestly characterizes this wartime duty by saying, "They will still tell you how the Corps did its part toward winning the war by keeping their Tacs at home". He only saw those battlefields when after the war he accompanied a group of early
Paul Newgarden
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Étaples Military Cemetery Étaples Military Cemetery is a Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery in Étaples, near Boulogne on the north-west coast of France. The cemetery holds over 11,500 dead from both World War I and World War II. Étaples was the scene of much Allied activity during World War I due to its safety from attack by enemy land forces and the existence of railway connections with both the northern and southern battlefields. The town was home to 16 hospitals and a convalescent depot, in addition to a number of reinforcement camps for Commonwealth soldiers and general barracks for the
Étaples Military Cemetery
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or taken prisoner for a total of 39,929 casualties. The word "casualty" has been used in a military context since at least 1513. In this article the numbers killed refer to those killed in action, killed by disease or someone who died from their wounds. Notes References Deadliest single days of World War I The First World War was fought on many fronts around the world from the battlefields of Europe to the far-flung colonies in the Pacific and Africa. While it is most famous for the trench combat stalemate that existed on Europe's Western Front, in other theatres of
Deadliest single days of World War I
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its new career was allegedly brought to an early end after a number of cars were damaged. . Seven Mark IVs survive. Mark IV tank The Mark IV (pronounced "Mark four") was a British tank of the First World War. Introduced in 1917, it benefited from significant developments of the Mark I tank (the intervening designs being small batches used for training). The main improvements were in armour, the re-siting of the fuel tank and ease of transport. A total of 1,220 Mk IV were built: 420 "Males", 595 "Females" and 205 Tank Tenders (unarmed vehicles used to carry supplies),
Mark IV tank
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the campaigns, particularly on the Eastern Front. The second option is the combatants’ own campaigns. These represent some of the main battles that the countries fought that were linked in some way. The final option is random maps. Similar to the Cossacks series random and death matches, these games start with the player having a single building and several workers. The victory condition for these games is to destroy the enemy completely. Games can also be played over the Internet using LAN with up to eight players. "The Entente: Battlefields World War I" sports an array of different units from
The Entente: Battlefields World War I
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in-fighting between Hobart and Launceston again threatened first-class cricket in Tasmania. The outbreak of World War I also saw a large loss of playing talent, killed on the battlefields. Cricket was suspended during the war, and did not resume until 1923, albeit with severe financial problems. Following World War I, Tasmanian representative sides usually had to content themselves with matches against touring international sides during brief stopovers, while they travelled by ship to mainland capitals. Occasionally Tasmania would play the odd game against mainland state sides, but it was usually only one first-class match per season. The inter-war years proved
Tasmania cricket team
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put forward by the Young Turk Committee in 1911 and implemented in 1913, marking the beginning of the Greek genocide. The Pontic Greeks responded by forming insurgent groups, with weapons salvaged from the battlefields of the Caucasus Campaign of World War I or obtained from Russia. During World War I, the eastern Pontus was captured by Russian troops, who recognized the autonomous Provisional Government of Trebizond, formed by Metropolitan Chrysanthus. The February Revolution that broke out in March 1917 halted the advance of the Russian army on the Caucasus Front. Soldiers and civilians formed soviets (revolutionary committees) which elected four
Greek Caucasus Division
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Tanks in World War II Tanks were an important weapons system in World War II. Even though tanks in the inter-war years were the subject of widespread research, production was limited to relatively small numbers in a few countries. However, during World War II most armies employed tanks, and production levels reached thousands each month. Tank usage, doctrine and production varied widely among the combatant nations. By war's end, a consensus was emerging regarding tank doctrine and design. The tank was invented by the British in World War I, with nearly simultaneous development in France. Tanks of the First World
Tanks in World War II
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the many new ideas about mechanised warfare using real operational units. The knowledge thus gained would prove invaluable in the Second World War. On one Medium Mark I the engine was replaced by a Ricardo 90 hp diesel engine. One Vickers Medium Mark 1 has survived at the Special Services Battalion Museum, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Vickers Medium Mark I The Vickers Medium Mark I was a British tank of the Inter-war period built by Vickers. After the First World War Britain disbanded most of its tank units leaving only five tank battalions equipped with the Mark V and the Medium
Vickers Medium Mark I
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in the form of loans and 336,000 tons of food. These burdens proved all the heavier as agriculture was hard hit by natural disasters from 1914 to 1917. Lacking a unified nationwide organization, the Vietnamese national movement, though still vigorous, failed to take advantage of the difficulties France was experiencing as a result of the war to stage any significant uprisings. The scholars' movement had declined while new social forces were not yet strong enough to promote large-scale campaigns. Both Vietnamese victories and losses on World War I battlefields contributed significantly to Vietnam's national identity. At the time it was
History of Vietnam during World War I
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T-72) remain in active service around the world, and even an obsolete tank may be the most formidable weapon on battlefields in many parts of the world. Among the tanks of the 1950s were the British Centurion and Soviet T-54/55 in service from 1946, and the US M48 from 1951. These three vehicles formed the bulk of the armoured forces of NATO and the Warsaw Pact throughout much of the Cold War. Lessons learned from tanks such as the Leopard 1, M48 Patton series, Chieftain, and T-72 led to the contemporary Leopard 2, M1 Abrams, Challenger 2, C1 Ariete, T-90
Tank
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in turn was named after Queen Louise-Marie of Belgium, the wife of Leopold I. "Louise-Marie" is under command of commander Carl Gillis. In September 2010, "Louise-Marie" was reported to be preparing for a second deployment to the Horn of Africa. On 29 November 2013, the ship arrived in London, UK as part of the preparations for the centenary of the start of World War I delivering soil from 70 World War I battlefields collected by British and Belgian schoolchildren for the Flanders Fields Memorial Garden in London's Wellington Barracks. Belgian frigate Louise-Marie (F931) Louise-Marie (F931) is a of the Marine
Belgian frigate Louise-Marie (F931)
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Heavy tank A heavy tank was a class of tank that generally provided better armour protection as well as equal or greater firepower than tanks of lighter classes, often at the cost of mobility, maneuverability and, particularly, expense. The origins of the class date to World War I and the very first tanks; designed to operate in close concert with the infantry and facing both artillery and the first dedicated anti-tank guns, early tanks had to have enough armour to allow them to survive in no man's land. As lighter tanks were introduced, the larger designs became known as heavies.
Heavy tank
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Tiger 131 Tiger 131 is a German Tiger I heavy tank captured by the British 48th Royal Tank Regiment in Tunisia during World War II. Preserved at The Tank Museum in Bovington, England, it is the only operating Tiger I in the world. Known to the Allies as a Tiger I, the German model designation was a "Panzerkampfwagen VI, Tiger I (H1), SdKfz 181". It was built in Kassel, Germany with the hull being constructed by Henschel while the turret was made by Wegmann A. The tank was completed in January or February 1943 with the chassis number 250122. It
Tiger 131
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combat vehicles were not equipped with turrets due to the problems with getting sufficient trench crossing while keeping the centre of gravity low, and it was not until late in World War I that the French Renault FT light tank introduced the single fully rotating turret carrying the vehicle's main armament that continues to be the standard of almost every modern main battle tank and many post-World War II self-propelled guns. The first turret designed for the FT was a circular, cast steel version almost identical to that of the prototype. It was designed to carry a Hotchkiss 8mm machine
Gun turret
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had relationships with high-ranking military officers, politicians, and others in influential positions in many countries. Her relationships and liaisons with powerful men frequently took her across international borders. Prior to World War I, she was generally viewed as an artist and a free-spirited bohemian, but as war approached, she began to be seen by some as a wanton and promiscuous woman, and perhaps a dangerous seductress. During World War I, the Netherlands remained neutral. As a Dutch subject, Zelle was thus able to cross national borders freely. To avoid the battlefields, she travelled between France and the Netherlands via Spain
Mata Hari
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Tannenberg (video game) Tannenberg is a squad-based multiplayer first-person shooter video game set during World War I. It is a standalone expansion to Verdun, and was released on 17 November 2017 on Steam Early Access. A full release from Early Access has been announced for 13 February 2018. "Tannenberg" is inspired by the 1914 Battle of Tannenberg in East Prussia. The game includes historically accurate World War I weapons, authentic uniforms and equipment, detailed injury and gore modeling, and maps based on the real battlefields of the Eastern Front. The game runs on the Unity engine and was created by
Tannenberg (video game)
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The Legend of Tank Commander Nishizumi , more known under the title "The Story of Tank Commander Nishizumi", is a 1940 Japanese "humanist" war film directed by Kōzaburō Yoshimura. It shows the common Japanese soldier as an individual and as a family man, and even enemy Chinese soldiers are presented as individuals, sometimes fighting bravely. The film, based on a true story of the Sino-Japanese war, served as propaganda, instructing its audience in the correct way to endure loss without despair. To make the film, Yoshimura toured the actual battlefields in China. Cinema theorist Kate Taylor-Jones suggests that along with
The Legend of Tank Commander Nishizumi
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had been used predominantly for infantry support in the First World War, had evolved into the primary weapon. In the late 1930s, tank design was considerably more advanced than it had been during World War I, and advances continued throughout the war with increases in speed, armour and firepower. At the start of the war, most commanders thought enemy tanks should be met by tanks with superior specifications. This idea was challenged by the poor performance of the relatively light early tank guns against armour, and German doctrine of avoiding tank-versus-tank combat. This, along with Germany's use of combined arms,
World War II
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prior to the end of World War II. Only Ashford's presentation tank still survives, mainly due to having an electricity sub station installed inside it in 1929. The tank is now a Registered War Memorial. Tank Banks Tank Banks was the name given to a World War I fund raising campaign by the British Government. Six Mark IV make tanks toured the towns and cities of England, Scotland and Wales, the primary purpose of the campaign was to promote the sale of government War Bonds and War Savings Certificates. In November 1917 two tanks took part in London's Lord Mayor's
Tank Banks
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I took place along the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]], within a system of opposing manned trenches and fortifications (separated by a "[[No man's land]]") running from the [[North Sea]] to the border of Switzerland. On the [[Eastern Front (World War I)|Eastern Front]], the vast eastern plains and limited rail network prevented a trench warfare stalemate from developing, although the scale of the conflict was just as large. Hostilities also occurred on and under the sea and—for the first time—from the air. More than 9 million soldiers died on the various battlefields, and nearly that many more in the
Modern history
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dummy on board, to deploy when needed. During the assault on Mosul, the Islamic state constructed and deployed wooden mockups of various vehicles in order to distract Coalition airstrikes. Dummy tank A dummy tank, usually inflatable or wooden, is a type of decoy that either is intended to be mistaken by an enemy for a real tank or used for training purposes. Dummy tanks emerged soon after the introduction of real tanks in World War I, but were not widely used until World War II. During World War I, Allied forces made use of dummy versions of the British heavy
Dummy tank
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Fields of Sacrifice Fields of Sacrifice is a 1964 documentary by Donald Brittain about Canadian war dead. The film visits former battlefields where over 100,000 Canadian soldiers lost their lives in World War I and World War II and examines Canadian military cemeteries and memorials from Hong Kong to Sicily. "Fields of Sacrifice" was produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) for the Canadian Department of Veteran Affairs. The film was originally intended to be a straightforward look at Canadian military cemeteries. Brittain, a staff filmmaker who had just completed the 13-part "Canada at War" series, decided on
Fields of Sacrifice
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Anti-tank gun An Anti-tank gun is a form of artillery designed to destroy armored fighting vehicles, normally from a static defensive position. The development of specialized anti-tank munitions and anti-tank guns was prompted by the appearance of tanks during World War I. To destroy hostile tanks, artillerymen often used field guns depressed to fire directly at their targets. However, this practice expended too much valuable ammunition and was of increasingly limited effectiveness as tank armor became thicker. The first dedicated anti-tank artillery began appearing in the 1920s and by World War II was a common appearance in many European armies.
Anti-tank gun
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in 1965 on Remembrance Day. "Fields of Sacrifice" is considered Brittain's first major film as director. It received an Order of Merit at the Canadian Film Awards. Fields of Sacrifice Fields of Sacrifice is a 1964 documentary by Donald Brittain about Canadian war dead. The film visits former battlefields where over 100,000 Canadian soldiers lost their lives in World War I and World War II and examines Canadian military cemeteries and memorials from Hong Kong to Sicily. "Fields of Sacrifice" was produced by the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) for the Canadian Department of Veteran Affairs. The film was
Fields of Sacrifice
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barrels sometimes dug into the mud or struck obstacles when the vehicle crossed trenches or shell craters. The shortened QF 6 pounder 6 cwt Mk I of single tube construction was introduced in January 1917 in the Mark IV tank, and may be considered the world's first specialised tank gun. The shortened barrel incurred a reduction in muzzle velocity, but as tank guns in World War I were used against unarmoured or lightly armoured targets such as machine gun nests and artillery pieces at relatively short ranges of a few hundred yards, this was not a major disadvantage. The Mk
QF 6-pounder 6 cwt Hotchkiss
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battlefields of the Western Front. The game runs on the Unity engine and was created by independent studios M2H and Blackmill Games. "Verdun" is a squad based game set in the trenches of World War I that can be played with up to 32 players (64 players in private Frontlines matches). There are 4 game modes in "Verdun", the Frontlines, Attrition Warfare, Squad Defense and the Rifle Deathmatch game modes. Frontlines game mode In the Frontlines game mode, players can choose to join one of the two historic sides of World War I, the Central Powers and the Entente. Each
Verdun (video game)
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Dummy tank A dummy tank, usually inflatable or wooden, is a type of decoy that either is intended to be mistaken by an enemy for a real tank or used for training purposes. Dummy tanks emerged soon after the introduction of real tanks in World War I, but were not widely used until World War II. During World War I, Allied forces made use of dummy versions of the British heavy tanks. These were constructed from a wooden framework and covered with painted Hessian cloth. The tracks were non-functional so some were fitted with concealed wheels underneath and were towed
Dummy tank
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I, the first tank, the British Mark I, was designed for supporting infantry by crossing trenches and attacking machine-gun posts. This became known as a heavy tank alongside other, lighter, types. A lighter British tank introduced into service in 1918, at and armed with machine guns only was given the designation "Tank, Medium Mark A" and known as the "Whippet". The two-man French Renault FT was known as a light tank. Super-heavy breakthrough tanks such as the Char 2C () or the "K-Wagen" () were nearly completed before the war ended. In comparison, the current British MBT, the Challenger 2,
Tank classification
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Art Awards Renault received by pptArt the award for its Art Collection that inspired the creativity of its car designers. Renault markets its products under five marques: Renault, Lada, Dacia, Renault Samsung Motors, and Alpine. Renault's first badge was introduced in 1900 and consisted in the Renault brothers' intertwined initials. When the company started mass production in 1906, it adopted a gear-shaped logo with a car inside it. After World War I the company used a logo depicting an FT tank. In 1923 it introduced a new circle-shaped badge, which was replaced by the "diamond" or lozenge in 1925. The
Renault
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1995, a high bronze figure of a World War I soldier (1995) by André Gauthier at the entrance to CFB Valcartier commemorates the training of Canadian Army volunteers for the European battlefields in World War I. The site was also used as an internment camp for "enemy aliens", mainly eastern Europeans. The name Valcartier comes from the town of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier, of which a large section was expropriated in order to create the military training camp. Due to its proximity to the Port of Quebec, Valcartier became the largest military camp on Canadian soil, including some 32,000 men and 8,000 horses.
CFB Valcartier
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the course of the 1930s to the Soviet Union who with Germany began to design and build their own tanks. While World War I saw the first use of the tank as a weapon of war, it was during World War II that the tank soon became a dominant force on the battlefield. The British, American, German and Soviet armies all had different approaches to tanks and tank warfare, each with their fair share of successes and failures. The infantry tank was a concept developed by the British and French in the years leading up to World War II. Infantry
Tanks in the British Army
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at the Musée Jean et Denise Letaille, Bullecourt. Seven Mark IVs survive. Eleven Mark Vs survive. The majority are in Russia or Ukraine and are survivors of the tanks sent there to aid the White forces during the Russian Civil War. A single restored vehicle survives at Bovington. Citations Bibliography British heavy tanks of World War I British heavy tanks were a series of related armoured fighting vehicles developed by the UK during the First World War. The Mark I was the world's first tank, a tracked, armed, and armoured vehicle, to enter combat. The name "tank" was initially a
British heavy tanks of World War I
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arrived for training prior to being sent to European battlefields. To keep up with the demand, construction of new barracks and buildings continued throughout the war. Thirty-six of the fort's 41 artillery pieces were dismantled and shipped to European battlefields. After World War I, the fort's staffing was reduced to 50 officers and 884 enlisted men. Aircraft and balloons began to claim an important role in Puget Sound's defensive strategy, diminishing the role of coastal artillery. In the 1920s, a balloon hangar was built at Fort Worden at a cost of $85,000. During this time, some of the batteries were
Fort Worden
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Italians also labeled the machine gun armed L3/35 a "light tank", although it is more commonly called a tankette. Like the US Army (which utilized French and British tanks in World War I), the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) did not have tanks of its own in World War I, so it started out by purchasing foreign tanks for evaluation during World War I and right after the war ended. Like many other nations, the Japanese initially didn't embrace the tank, as it didn't have the cavalry tradition. Cavalry was used for reconnaissance in the mountainous countryside, and initially, as with
Tanks in World War II
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Type 97 Chi-Ha medium tank The was a medium tank used by the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Battles of Khalkhin Gol against the Soviet Union, and the Second World War. It was the most widely produced Japanese medium tank of World War II. The 57 mm main gun, designed for infantry support, was a carry over from the Type 89 I-Go medium tank. The suspension was derived from the Type 95 Ha-Go light tank, but used six road wheels instead of four. The 170 hp Mitsubishi air cooled diesel engine was a capable tank engine
Type 97 Chi-Ha medium tank
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Vickers Medium Mark I The Vickers Medium Mark I was a British tank of the Inter-war period built by Vickers. After the First World War Britain disbanded most of its tank units leaving only five tank battalions equipped with the Mark V and the Medium Mark C. At first a large budget was made available for tank design but this was all spent on the failed development of the Medium Mark D. When the government design bureau, the "Tank Design Department", was closed in 1923 any direct official involvement in tank development was terminated. However private enterprise in the form
Vickers Medium Mark I
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use of massive tank formations in great offensives combined with ground attack aircraft. Regardless of their effects on World War I, tank technology and mechanized warfare had been launched and grew increasingly sophisticated in the years following the war. By World War II, the tank had evolved into a fearsome weapon and restored mobility. The years leading up to the war saw the use of improved metallurgical and mechanical techniques to produce larger ships with larger guns and, in reaction, more armor. The launching of HMS Dreadnought (1906) revolutionized battleship construction, leaving many ships obsolete before they were completed. German
Technology during World War I
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plague implementing revolutionary technology. Between the two world wars many nations developed their own unique tanks and divergent theories of tank tactics, including the UK, France, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Japan, the US, and Italy. Though German tank development was restricted by the terms of the treaty ending World War I, Germany successfully combined their own tanks (plus Czech tanks from occupied Czechoslovakia) with infiltration tactics to produce blitzkrieg during World War II. In the decade leading up to World War II, the French built the Maginot Line, based on their experience with trench warfare in World War I. The
Trench warfare
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the first German tank was placed under the direction of Joseph Vollmer, a leading German automobile designer and manufacturer. He was chosen to design the World War I German tanks A7V, and the "Großkampfwagen" or K-Wagen. The K-Wagen was a German super-heavy tank, two prototypes of which were almost completed by the end of World War I. The A7V tank which actually got into the war, was known as the Sturmpanzerwagen A7V, named after the committee that oversaw its development. It was to weigh around 30 tons, capable of crossing ditches up to 1.5 metres wide, have armaments including cannon
Tanks in the German Army
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Following the war, the armies of the world powers initiated a process of mechanization in earnest, and most cavalry regiments were either converted to mechanized units or disbanded. Historian G.J. Meyer writes that "the Great War brought the end of cavalry". From the Middle Ages into the 20th century, cavalry had dominated battlefields, but from as early as the American Civil War, their value in war was declining as artillery became more powerful, reducing the effectiveness of shock charges. The Western Front in World War I showed that cavalry was almost useless against modern weaponry, and it also reinforced that
Horses in World War I
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Lady Star of the Sea" were purchased after World War I from Tyrolese Art Glass Company in Innsbruck, Austria for $22,000. In 1961, the windows were appraised for $150,000. The Stations of the Cross were appraised at $16,000 at that time. A notable stained glass window is entitled "Christ and the Battlefield." The window was created from a design made by the church pastor, Eugene M. Cullinane. It is a World War I memorial to "all Jacksonians serving in the Armed Forces and to the nuns and nurses who cared for them on the battlefields." At the right of the
St. Mary Star of the Sea Catholic Church (Jackson, Michigan)
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recovered from a gunnery range and restored to running condition, although it is powered by an inauthentic engine and gearbox. The second vehicle was built in March 1940 and restored to running condition in the 1980s. It is painted to represent "T8106" a tank of the 4th Royal Tank Regiment in France in May 1940. A third Matilda I is a severely damaged wreck that was used as a gunnery range target. Matilda I (tank) The Tank, Infantry, Mk I, Matilda I (A11) was a British infantry tank of the Second World War. Despite being slow, cramped and only armed
Matilda I (tank)
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British heavy tanks of World War I British heavy tanks were a series of related armoured fighting vehicles developed by the UK during the First World War. The Mark I was the world's first tank, a tracked, armed, and armoured vehicle, to enter combat. The name "tank" was initially a code name to maintain secrecy and disguise its true purpose. The type was developed in 1915 to break the stalemate of trench warfare. It could survive the machine gun and small-arms fire in "No Man's Land", travel over difficult terrain, crush barbed wire, and cross trenches to assault fortified enemy
British heavy tanks of World War I
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one known to have withstood a blast and to go on for another 23 years of service, including 15 months on operational deployment in a war zone. The designations follows the pattern of main gun calibre in centimetres followed by the service order number. Hence the strv 81 is read as the first tank with an 8 cm gun, while the strv 101 is the first tank with a 10 cm gun that was accepted into service. Centurion (tank) The Centurion was the primary British main battle tank of the post-Second World War period. Introduced in 1945, it is widely
Centurion (tank)
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Tellermine 35 was developed in 1935. Anti-tank mines were used by both sides during the Spanish Civil War. Notably, Republican forces lifted mines placed by Nationalist forces and used them against the Nationalists. This spurred the development of anti-handling devices for anti-tank mines. The Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland also saw widespread use of anti-tank mines. The German Tellermine was a purpose-built anti-tank mine developed during the period between the first and second world wars, the first model being introduced in 1929. Some variants were of a rectangular shape, but in all cases the outer casing served
Anti-tank mine
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and cover. The British came back to the concept in the pre-Second World War era. The infantry tank did not need to be fast so it could carry more armour. One of the best-known infantry tanks was the Matilda II of World War II. A cruiser tank, or cavalry tank, was designed to move fast and exploit penetrations of the enemy front. The idea originated in "Plan 1919", a British plan to break the trench deadlock of World War I in part via the use of high-speed tanks. This concept was later implemented in the "fast tanks" pioneered by J.
Tank classification
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Hooge, Ypres Hooge is a small village on the Bellewaerde Ridge, about 4 kilometres east of Ypres in the Flemish province of West-Vlaanderen in Belgium. Hooge and the nearby locations of Bellewaerde and Zillebeke were merged into Ypres in 1976. The economy of Hooge is dominated by tourism and agriculture. Tourists are attracted by the World War I battlefields as well as "Bellewaerde", the oldest operating theme park in Belgium. In World War I, the village belonged to one of the eastern-most sectors of the Ypres Salient, which made it the site of intense and sustained fighting between German and
Hooge, Ypres
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of Ypres. One of the twelve men commemorated here is Second Lieutenant Charles Geoffrey Boothby (1894–1916), whose wartime letters to his girlfriend were published in 2005. Hooge, Ypres Hooge is a small village on the Bellewaerde Ridge, about 4 kilometres east of Ypres in the Flemish province of West-Vlaanderen in Belgium. Hooge and the nearby locations of Bellewaerde and Zillebeke were merged into Ypres in 1976. The economy of Hooge is dominated by tourism and agriculture. Tourists are attracted by the World War I battlefields as well as "Bellewaerde", the oldest operating theme park in Belgium. In World War I,
Hooge, Ypres
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This tank was used in the 2014 film "Fury", the first time a real Tiger has appeared in a feature film since "Theirs Is the Glory" in 1946 and "They Were Not Divided" (1950). Tiger 131 Tiger 131 is a German Tiger I heavy tank captured by the British 48th Royal Tank Regiment in Tunisia during World War II. Preserved at The Tank Museum in Bovington, England, it is the only operating Tiger I in the world. Known to the Allies as a Tiger I, the German model designation was a "Panzerkampfwagen VI, Tiger I (H1), SdKfz 181". It was
Tiger 131
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Tanks in France This article deals with the history and development of tanks employed by the military of France from their first use in World War I, the interwar period, during World War II, the Cold War and modern era. French development into tanks began during World War I as an effort to overcome the stalemate of trench warfare, and largely at the initiative of the manufacturers. The Schneider CA1 was the first tank produced by France, and 400 units were built. The French also experimented with various tank designs, such as the Frot-Laffly landship, Boirault machine and Souain experiment.
Tanks in France
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Type 95 Heavy Tank The Type 95 Heavy Tank was the final result of Japanese multi-turreted tank design, and was in commission during the time period between World War I and World War II. Modeled on German and Italian tank designs, this tank featured 3 turrets. The main armament being a 70 mm cannon in a central turret, with its secondary front turret mounting a 37 mm gun and a 6.5 mm machine gun in the rear turret. Four prototypes were produced, in 1934. After World War I, major powers around the world quickly adopted the revolutionary design of French
Type 95 Heavy Tank
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History of the tank The history of the tank began in World War I, when armoured all-terrain fighting vehicles were first deployed as a response to the problems of trench warfare, ushering in a new era of mechanized warfare. Though initially crude and unreliable, tanks eventually became a mainstay of ground armies. By World War II, tank design had advanced significantly, and tanks were used in quantity in all land theatres of the war. The Cold War saw the rise of modern tank doctrine and the rise of the general-purpose main battle tank. The tank still provides the backbone to
History of the tank
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used by the British War Office for the combat cameramen on the battlefields of World War I, and by all newsreel cameramen all over world, until the late 1920s. Aeroscope has been used among others by Arthur Herbert Malins recognized by Kelly (1997, Page 60) as “the most famous of the war cinematographers” who used it at the battle of the Somme. As several of the cameramen died filming from the firing lines Aeroscope got a name of "camera of death". In 1928 Prószyński built an improved version of his camera, with an air pressure meter, but the more practical
Aeroscope
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Deadliest single days of World War I The First World War was fought on many fronts around the world from the battlefields of Europe to the far-flung colonies in the Pacific and Africa. While it is most famous for the trench combat stalemate that existed on Europe's Western Front, in other theatres of combat the fighting was mobile and often involved set-piece battles and cavalry charges. The Eastern Front often took thousands of casualties a day during the big offensive pushes but it was the West that saw the most concentrated slaughter. It was in the west that the newly
Deadliest single days of World War I
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Type 89 I-Go medium tank The was a medium tank used by the Imperial Japanese Army from 1932 to 1942 in combat operations of the Second Sino-Japanese War, at Khalkhin Gol against the Soviet Union, and in the Second World War. The Type 89B model was the world's first mass-produced diesel engine tank. The tank was armed with a short-barrel 57 mm cannon for knocking out pillboxes and masonry fortifications, and proved effective in campaigns in Manchuria and China, as the Chinese National Revolutionary Army had only three tank battalions to oppose them, which consisted primarily of Vickers export models,
Type 89 I-Go medium tank
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grasp the cultural context, and military significance, of the Borinqueneers' service during World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. The "Borinqueneers" unit was created by the U.S. Congress in 1899 as an all-Puerto Rican unit, and is credited with waging the last battalion-sized bayonet assault in U.S. Army history. The men of the 65th, now attached to the Army's 3d Infantry Division, were amongst the first infantrymen to meet the enemy on the battlefields of Korea. After November 1950, they fought daily against units of the Chinese People's Liberation Army after the Chinese entered the war on
Frank Medina
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The King's Pilgrimage "The King's Pilgrimage" is a poem and book about the journey made by King George V in May 1922 to visit the World War I cemeteries and memorials being constructed at the time in France and Belgium by the Imperial War Graves Commission. This journey was part of the wider pilgrimage movement that saw tens of thousands of bereaved relatives from the United Kingdom and the Empire visit the battlefields of the Great War in the years that followed the Armistice. The poem was written by the British author and poet Rudyard Kipling, while the text in
The King's Pilgrimage
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LK I The Leichter Kampfwagen () or "LK I" was a German light tank prototype of the First World War. Designed to be a cheap light tank as opposed to the expensive heavies coming into service at the time. The tank only reached the prototype stage before the end of the war. The LK I was designed by Joseph Vollmer. It was based on a Daimler car chassis, using the existing axles to mount sprocket and idler wheels. Its design followed automobile practice, with a front-mounted engine and a driving compartment behind it. It was the first German armored fighting
LK I
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Japan had the 5th largest tank force in the world. The peak of Japanese tank production was in 1942, but declined afterwards owing to aircraft and warship priorities, along with material shortages. By 1944, total production of tanks and AFV's had fallen to 925 and for 1945, only 256 were produced. Japan developed many experimental and operative armored vehicles, tanks and tank-destroyer types throughout the war; but largely held them in reserve, for home-land defense. Japanese tanks of World War II The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) initially purchased foreign tanks for evaluation during World War I, and began developing its
Japanese tanks of World War II
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experienced traumatic impacts from fighting. Behind the combat zones, timber from cut down trees to clear up the path for fighting. The shattered forests in the battle zones faced exploitation. The use of heavily hazardous chemicals was first initiated during World War II. The long-term effects of chemicals result from both their potential persistence and the poor disposal program of nations with stockpiled weapons. During World War I (WW I), German chemists had developed chlorine gas and mustard gas. The development of the gases led to many casualties, and poisoned lands on and near the battlefields. Later in World War
Environmental impact of war
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employees "mort pour la France", sculpted by Carlo Sarrabezolles in 1931. The central pillar is a caryatid, who supports the surrounding stone with her raised arms. The caryatid divides the names of subway employees killed during World War I into two half-circles. The monument's base contains the names of the Great War battlefields, and the word "Release" was added to the bottom right after World War II to commemorate employee participation in the French Resistance. Bonne Nouvelle was redecorated in a cinematic theme for the Métro's centennial. The station's name is written in the style of the Hollywood Sign in
Paris Métro Line 8
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trains. The first anti-tank mines were improvised during the First World War as a countermeasure against the first tanks introduced by the British towards the end of the war. Initially they were nothing more than a buried high-explosive shell or mortar bomb with its fuze upright. Later, purpose-built mines were developed, including the Flachmine 17, which was simply a wooden box packed with explosives and triggered either remotely or by a pressure fuze. By the end of the war, the Germans had developed row mining techniques, and mines accounted for 15% of U.S. tank casualties during the Battle of Saint-Mihiel,
Anti-tank mine
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the war. Independent units attached to the German Army ("Heer") were: Units attached to the Waffen-SS were: Tank losses include losses inflicted other than by enemy tanks. Also, many tanks were abandoned by their crews due to a lack of fuel, ammunition or breakdown, especially at the end of war. German heavy tank battalion A German heavy tank battalion (, was an elite battalion-sized World War II tank unit of the Wehrmacht (Heer), equipped with Tiger I, and later Tiger II, heavy tanks. Originally intended to fight on the offensive during breakthrough operations, the German late-war realities required it to
German heavy tank battalion
19199062
Dame" was publicized by Ullstein as "the society magazine with an international reputation" and the German luxury magazine with the highest circulation (50,890) in 1929. In World War I, the men had gone to the battlefields and women had to take over the men's jobs. They worked in war factories, hospitals, farms, shops, and single-handedly cared for the children. When the men came back from the war, some of the women resented being pushed back into domestic jobs. By early 1921, there was a labor shortage and the women were enticed to go back to work. Women's labor and female
Die Dame
18783803
loss of 67 soldiers on the battlefields. Following World War I the practice of erecting monuments to the fallen soldiers became a major community concern and the rise of Australian nationality increased the fever with which these memorials were built during the inter-war period. The unveiling of the Allora Boer War Memorial on 19 August 1904 proclaimed a public holiday in the district, was carried out by Colonel (later General and Sir) Harry Chauvel. Chauvel is thought to be one of the most distinguished of Queensland soldiers. Memoirs written by him about his service in the Boer War indicate that
Boer War Memorial, Allora
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of the World War II period, such as the German "Ferdinand" tank destroyer, were exclusively 'male', having only their heavy gun. These were found to be susceptible to infantry attack and so a defensive MG was added in the improved version, the "Elefant". Female tank The "Female" tank was a type of armoured fighting vehicle deployed during the First World War that carried multiple machine guns instead of the mix of machine guns and cannons mounted by the original Mark I tank. The prototype, nicknamed "Mother", and the first production models of what would become referred to as the Mark
Female tank
11075677
magneto. 3.5 gallon tank introduced 1940 - Production ceased for World War II 1946 - Production resumed after war. Lucas magneto introduced. 1947 - Dowty Oleomatic forks introduced 1950 - Manual advance/retard reintroduced 1952 - Lucas Magdyno introduced 1954 - Swinging arm Model 100 introduced. Four gallon tank. Panther forks. 1955 - Amal 376 introduced 1956 - Amal 389 introduced. Heavy duty, sidecar trail Panther forks. 1957 - Swinging arm Model 100 de luxe introduced. Last year of rigid Model 100. Dualseat as standard. 1963 - Model 100 last manufactured. It was the end of the line for 600 cc
Panther Model 100
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only twelve Army officers to receive the Navy Cross during World War I. He was also awarded the Distinguished Service Medal. His citation read: In September 1918, Shanks was appointed commander of the 16th Division at Camp Kearny, California, and Chamberlin was appointed the division's Assistant Chief of Staff. To prepare for the role, he attended a course at the Army War College. Following the Armistice with Germany, he was sent on a tour of the battlefields in France and Belgium. In the aftermath of World War I, Chamberlin was reduced in rank to captain on 9 February 1919, but
Stephen J. Chamberlin
19335894
the "Los Angeles Times", "The New York Times", "The Wall Street Journal", and "The Washington Post". On a regular basis, Yockelson leads tours of World War I battlefields for the Smithsonian Journeys and New York Times Journeys. Yockelson is an historical advisor to the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission. Mitchell Yockelson Mitchell "Mitch" A. Yockelson (born 1962) is a military historian and archivist. He has written four books including, "Borrowed Soldiers: Americans Under British Command 1918", and numerous articles for well-known publications. Yockelson is considered one of the foremost authorities on the topic of World War I. Currently he
Mitchell Yockelson
5883356
and lighter machine guns. For the World War I tanks, this was achieved by fitting them with one sponson of each type. A mixed ability armament of the heavy gun and multiple machine guns also became common practice on turreted designs, without sponsons. This has become the standard model for tank designs since World War I and since then the terms "male" and "female" have been disused. The basic idea underlying the concept of female tanks was widely used in design of light tanks and the first British infantry tanks in the years leading to World War II. Some armour
Female tank