Universidad Autónoma de México   Higher school of economics 

 Course   - economics 

 The essay : 

 Road traffic in Moscow under Sobyanin : are 

 economic 

 measures effective ? 

 Written by : 

 Maga Ivanova 

 Group № 193   MDI program 

 05.04.20 

 Road traffic in Moscow has always aroused strong debates . After his 

 appointment in 2010 , Sergei Sobyanin immediately called traffic jams as one of the   main problems in Moscow . The priority was to streamline the parking space . “ We   need to put things in order with parking , especially in the center of Moscow .   Nowhere in the world it is allowed to throw a car “ wherever I want ” - across the   sidewalk or the road . It is impossible to solve this problem in such chaos “ , Sobyanin   said in his interview for the newspaper “ Vedomosti ” . The pilot project for the   introduction of paid parking started on November 1 , 2012 from the Karetny Ryad .   An hour of parking cost 50 rubles . Parkons examined the payment ; they were cars   with video clips . In the absence of payment , a fine was given automatically . Its size   was 2500 rubles . For parking in the wrong place the fine was 3000 rubles . Such   fines are valid even now . 

 Within a few months , paid parking began to spread around the city gradually , 

 and in 2015 they went beyond the Third Transport Ring ( TTK ) , and their maximum   cost in the center and on the embankments of the Moscow River reached 200   rubles per hour . Today the city has 80,000 paid parking . Most of them are located   in 85 districts of the city , in 36 districts parking remains free of charge . 

 According to Viktor Osipkov , the project manager at “ Probkovorot ” , it was 

 the draconian fines that influenced the fact that people stopped throwing cars   anywhere , and the average speed in the city began to grow . 

 “ If it were not for the Moscow Parking Space project , a transport collapse 

 would have occurred in the capital of Russia ” , says a representative of the transport   department . “ Every day , the number of cars on the roads would be about 10 %   more than the current traffic ( 3.9–4 million ) , and Moscow would be in 9 - 10 - point   traffic jams ” , he adds . 

 “ Today , Moscow is no longer the world champion in traffic jams , ” Sobyanin 

 said recently . “ Motorists are increasingly refusing to travel to the city center by   their personal cars ” , a spokesman for the transportation department said .   According to him , today in Moscow 70 % of the population uses public transport .   This is one of the highest rates , in European cities it is about 60 % . 

 But paid parking is believed not to affect the traffic situation in any way - 

 traffic jams still remain . Kirill Yankov , a member of the public council at the Ministry   of Transport of Russia , believes that in the center , on the contrary , they have   increased . “ The number of parking spaces has been drastically reduced , but there   are categories of citizens who do not refuse to travel by personal transport , now   they come to the center and travel in circles in search of parking , ” the expert   indicates . In his opinion , Moscow needs a large - scale program for the construction   of underground parking in the center like in European capitals . “ But if the real goal   of the authorities is not to unload the roads , but to remove business life from the   city center completely , then their strategy is correct ” , Yankov summarizes . 

 But it is possible to convince people to change their own cars to public 

 transport . Squeezing people out of personal vehicles , it is necessary to create   alternatives for them . The rejection from personal transport should be stimulated   by introducing the MAAS ( mobility as a service ) service , which will allow planning a   trip by public transport in real time . And it is necessary to provide a convenient   opportunity to compare the duration and cost of various combinations of transport   means through “ one window ” , configure the integration of public transport with   taxis , car sharing and other services . 

 Under Sobyanin , the city built more than 650 km of new roads , reconstructed 

 departure highways and interchanges , accelerated the construction of new lines   and metro stations , and commissioned passenger rail services along the Moscow   Central Ring . 

 Ground transportation has become more comfortable , but not enough , as 

 Yankov believes . “ People have to walk for 15–20 minutes to the nearest metro   station . The metro is built mainly on the periphery , but it is not being developed in   the center of Moscow . In the center of Paris , for example , metro stations are very   densely located , while in Moscow the lines are much longer . 

 More than 100 kilometers of roads will be built in Moscow this year . And 

 almost all are complex engineering structures with viaducts , overpasses and   tunnels . 

 Excellent traffic management , reducing the load on major roads gives 

 positive results . Such measures maid by the state are really effective . 


EMAIL: 
ID_NUM: 
NAME_STUDENT: Maga Ivanova
PHONE_NUM: 
STREET_ADDRESS: 
URL_PERSONAL: 
USERNAME: 

### Task: You are a PII (Personal Identity Information) Detection. Given a essays written by students, you have to identify ONLY the following:
NAME_STUDENT - The full or partial name of a student that is not necessarily the author of the essay. This excludes instructors, authors, and other person names.
EMAIL - A student’s email address.
USERNAME - A student's username on any platform.
ID_NUM - A number or sequence of characters that could be used to identify a student, such as a student ID or a social security number.
PHONE_NUM - A phone number associated with a student.
URL_PERSONAL - A URL that might be used to identify a student.
STREET_ADDRESS - A full or partial street address that is associated with the student, such as their home address.
### Input: Universidad Autónoma de México   Higher school of economics 

 Course   - economics 

 The essay : 

 Road traffic in Moscow under Sobyanin : are 

 economic 

 measures effective ? 

 Written by : 

 Maga Ivanova 

 Group № 193   MDI program 

 05.04.20 

 Road traffic in Moscow has always aroused strong debates . After his 

 appointment in 2010 , Sergei Sobyanin immediately called traffic jams as one of the   main problems in Moscow . The priority was to streamline the parking space . “ We   need to put things in order with parking , especially in the center of Moscow .   Nowhere in the world it is allowed to throw a car “ wherever I want ” - across the   sidewalk or the road . It is impossible to solve this problem in such chaos “ , Sobyanin   said in his interview for the newspaper “ Vedomosti ” . The pilot project for the   introduction of paid parking started on November 1 , 2012 from the Karetny Ryad .   An hour of parking cost 50 rubles . Parkons examined the payment ; they were cars   with video clips . In the absence of payment , a fine was given automatically . Its size   was 2500 rubles . For parking in the wrong place the fine was 3000 rubles . Such   fines are valid even now . 

 Within a few months , paid parking began to spread around the city gradually , 

 and in 2015 they went beyond the Third Transport Ring ( TTK ) , and their maximum   cost in the center and on the embankments of the Moscow River reached 200   rubles per hour . Today the city has 80,000 paid parking . Most of them are located   in 85 districts of the city , in 36 districts parking remains free of charge . 

 According to Viktor Osipkov , the project manager at “ Probkovorot ” , it was 

 the draconian fines that influenced the fact that people stopped throwing cars   anywhere , and the average speed in the city began to grow . 

 “ If it were not for the Moscow Parking Space project , a transport collapse 

 would have occurred in the capital of Russia ” , says a representative of the transport   department . “ Every day , the number of cars on the roads would be about 10 %   more than the current traffic ( 3.9–4 million ) , and Moscow would be in 9 - 10 - point   traffic jams ” , he adds . 

 “ Today , Moscow is no longer the world champion in traffic jams , ” Sobyanin 

 said recently . “ Motorists are increasingly refusing to travel to the city center by   their personal cars ” , a spokesman for the transportation department said .   According to him , today in Moscow 70 % of the population uses public transport .   This is one of the highest rates , in European cities it is about 60 % . 

 But paid parking is believed not to affect the traffic situation in any way - 

 traffic jams still remain . Kirill Yankov , a member of the public council at the Ministry   of Transport of Russia , believes that in the center , on the contrary , they have   increased . “ The number of parking spaces has been drastically reduced , but there   are categories of citizens who do not refuse to travel by personal transport , now   they come to the center and travel in circles in search of parking , ” the expert   indicates . In his opinion , Moscow needs a large - scale program for the construction   of underground parking in the center like in European capitals . “ But if the real goal   of the authorities is not to unload the roads , but to remove business life from the   city center completely , then their strategy is correct ” , Yankov summarizes . 

 But it is possible to convince people to change their own cars to public 

 transport . Squeezing people out of personal vehicles , it is necessary to create   alternatives for them . The rejection from personal transport should be stimulated   by introducing the MAAS ( mobility as a service ) service , which will allow planning a   trip by public transport in real time . And it is necessary to provide a convenient   opportunity to compare the duration and cost of various combinations of transport   means through “ one window ” , configure the integration of public transport with   taxis , car sharing and other services . 

 Under Sobyanin , the city built more than 650 km of new roads , reconstructed 

 departure highways and interchanges , accelerated the construction of new lines   and metro stations , and commissioned passenger rail services along the Moscow   Central Ring . 

 Ground transportation has become more comfortable , but not enough , as 

 Yankov believes . “ People have to walk for 15–20 minutes to the nearest metro   station . The metro is built mainly on the periphery , but it is not being developed in   the center of Moscow . In the center of Paris , for example , metro stations are very   densely located , while in Moscow the lines are much longer . 

 More than 100 kilometers of roads will be built in Moscow this year . And 

 almost all are complex engineering structures with viaducts , overpasses and   tunnels . 

 Excellent traffic management , reducing the load on major roads gives 

 positive results . Such measures maid by the state are really effective .
### Output: 