Visualization 

 Reflection – Visualization Challenge & Selection The first tool I used was the tool of Visualization , or 

 Visual Thinking , to achieve a shared understanding of a problem space among a diverse group of   stakeholders before attempting to identify and define possible solutions to the problem . I use this   approach often with our customers , who are government agencies working to apply technology 

 innovations to modernize their mission or the delivery of their services to their customer , which may 

 be U.S. citizens , businesses , and non - citizens . I have used the technique of using a straw man   visualization of a problem domain with a set of questions or prompts for discussion to allow a   diverse group of stakeholders to learn from each other in the process of defining the scope , 

 boundaries , key elements , and relationships between elements to consider when identifying pain 

 points and opportunities for improvements or solutions . Application I start the process by creating a   straw man graphic of the problem domain . To develop the straw man graphic , I will draw from any   existing material available to understand the environment . The existing material may be operational   or procedural documents , training materials , marketing materials , GAO or other auditing reports . If   materials are not available , then I conduct informal interviews with one - three of the stakeholders 

 who serve as my main points of contact on the initiative . If appropriate to the situation , I will borrow   the concept to “ front - stage / back - stage ” from previous research , and discussed in David Gray ’s book ,   “ The Connected Company ” . The front - stage / back - stage approach helps to reinforce the notion that   every service – even an internal service – has customers with whom the service provider interacts 

 and internal processes that enable the organization to provide the service . The template I often start 

 with also has a column on the left to identify Partners and Value Chain Providers and a column on   the right to identify Oversight Organizations , such as Congress , GAO , labor unions , advocacy groups , 

 and other entities that may add constraints to how the organization operates . The straw man 

 graphic is simple , using simple shapes and icons available in Visio or on the Internet . If the front- stage / back - stage view does n’t work , then I will create a different type of visual , either based on a 

 high - level process flow with swim lanes for different stakeholders , or another format . For the 

 activity , I will divide the stakeholders into groups of 5 - 6 participants each representing a different   organization or area of interest . Each group receives a poster - size copy of the straw man graphic 

 that they can write on directly , or use sticky notes to make comments . I give them two - three 

 questions to answer , such as : 1 ) What key elements are missing from the graphic ? 2 ) What would   you change about the graphic to make it more accurately reflect your problem space ? 3 ) What key 

 insights do you have about the relationships between the entities in your problem space ? I give 

 them approximately 20 minutes to discuss the questions and mark up the graphic . Then I have each   group report out on their answers to those three questions while pointing to the mark - ups on their   poster . As each group reports out , I record commonalities in the insights of each group , and then   additional insights that come from the group discussion on an additional copy of the graphic . After   the session , I digitize each group ’s poster as an artifact , create a view that combines the shared and 

 new insights from the group discussion , and then create a revised graphic that incorporates their   feedback and proposed changes that they agreed to as a group . Insight & Approach What I have   learned from conducting this exercise with several groups is that while the graphic – especially the   revised graphic that incorporates their feedback – is important for reinforcing their understanding of   the problem they are working to solve , the more valuable aspect of the activity is the shared insights 

 and shared learning that occurs while they are working to define their problem space . The graphic   gives the diverse group of stakeholders a focal point for discussion that allows them to share their   perspectives and develop insights into potential root causes of their problems . While they could   create the graphic from a blank slate in a collaborative manner , starting with a straw man jump 

 starts the conversation for them . They can quickly identify where they are in the graphic – or if they 

 are missing – and can more quickly gain new insights about relationships between key entities 

 instead of taking time to identify them . They can also identify variables in the problem space – that   is , it helps them to identify what they do n’t know , in what areas they need to obtain information or   data to provide the values for the variables . Since I discovered that the most valuable aspect is the   shared insights and learning , next time I would use the visualization activity as a starting point for a 

 series of design thinking activities . Then the revised graphic that incorporates their combined 

 feedback can serve as a reference tool throughout the remainder of their work . 


EMAIL: 
ID_NUM: 
NAME_STUDENT: 
PHONE_NUM: 
STREET_ADDRESS: 
URL_PERSONAL: 
USERNAME: 

### Task: You are a PII (Personal Identity Information) Detection. Given a essays written by students, you have to identify ONLY the following:
NAME_STUDENT - The full or partial name of a student that is not necessarily the author of the essay. This excludes instructors, authors, and other person names.
EMAIL - A student’s email address.
USERNAME - A student's username on any platform.
ID_NUM - A number or sequence of characters that could be used to identify a student, such as a student ID or a social security number.
PHONE_NUM - A phone number associated with a student.
URL_PERSONAL - A URL that might be used to identify a student.
STREET_ADDRESS - A full or partial street address that is associated with the student, such as their home address.
### Input: Visualization 

 Reflection – Visualization Challenge & Selection The first tool I used was the tool of Visualization , or 

 Visual Thinking , to achieve a shared understanding of a problem space among a diverse group of   stakeholders before attempting to identify and define possible solutions to the problem . I use this   approach often with our customers , who are government agencies working to apply technology 

 innovations to modernize their mission or the delivery of their services to their customer , which may 

 be U.S. citizens , businesses , and non - citizens . I have used the technique of using a straw man   visualization of a problem domain with a set of questions or prompts for discussion to allow a   diverse group of stakeholders to learn from each other in the process of defining the scope , 

 boundaries , key elements , and relationships between elements to consider when identifying pain 

 points and opportunities for improvements or solutions . Application I start the process by creating a   straw man graphic of the problem domain . To develop the straw man graphic , I will draw from any   existing material available to understand the environment . The existing material may be operational   or procedural documents , training materials , marketing materials , GAO or other auditing reports . If   materials are not available , then I conduct informal interviews with one - three of the stakeholders 

 who serve as my main points of contact on the initiative . If appropriate to the situation , I will borrow   the concept to “ front - stage / back - stage ” from previous research , and discussed in David Gray ’s book ,   “ The Connected Company ” . The front - stage / back - stage approach helps to reinforce the notion that   every service – even an internal service – has customers with whom the service provider interacts 

 and internal processes that enable the organization to provide the service . The template I often start 

 with also has a column on the left to identify Partners and Value Chain Providers and a column on   the right to identify Oversight Organizations , such as Congress , GAO , labor unions , advocacy groups , 

 and other entities that may add constraints to how the organization operates . The straw man 

 graphic is simple , using simple shapes and icons available in Visio or on the Internet . If the front- stage / back - stage view does n’t work , then I will create a different type of visual , either based on a 

 high - level process flow with swim lanes for different stakeholders , or another format . For the 

 activity , I will divide the stakeholders into groups of 5 - 6 participants each representing a different   organization or area of interest . Each group receives a poster - size copy of the straw man graphic 

 that they can write on directly , or use sticky notes to make comments . I give them two - three 

 questions to answer , such as : 1 ) What key elements are missing from the graphic ? 2 ) What would   you change about the graphic to make it more accurately reflect your problem space ? 3 ) What key 

 insights do you have about the relationships between the entities in your problem space ? I give 

 them approximately 20 minutes to discuss the questions and mark up the graphic . Then I have each   group report out on their answers to those three questions while pointing to the mark - ups on their   poster . As each group reports out , I record commonalities in the insights of each group , and then   additional insights that come from the group discussion on an additional copy of the graphic . After   the session , I digitize each group ’s poster as an artifact , create a view that combines the shared and 

 new insights from the group discussion , and then create a revised graphic that incorporates their   feedback and proposed changes that they agreed to as a group . Insight & Approach What I have   learned from conducting this exercise with several groups is that while the graphic – especially the   revised graphic that incorporates their feedback – is important for reinforcing their understanding of   the problem they are working to solve , the more valuable aspect of the activity is the shared insights 

 and shared learning that occurs while they are working to define their problem space . The graphic   gives the diverse group of stakeholders a focal point for discussion that allows them to share their   perspectives and develop insights into potential root causes of their problems . While they could   create the graphic from a blank slate in a collaborative manner , starting with a straw man jump 

 starts the conversation for them . They can quickly identify where they are in the graphic – or if they 

 are missing – and can more quickly gain new insights about relationships between key entities 

 instead of taking time to identify them . They can also identify variables in the problem space – that   is , it helps them to identify what they do n’t know , in what areas they need to obtain information or   data to provide the values for the variables . Since I discovered that the most valuable aspect is the   shared insights and learning , next time I would use the visualization activity as a starting point for a 

 series of design thinking activities . Then the revised graphic that incorporates their combined 

 feedback can serve as a reference tool throughout the remainder of their work .
### Output: 