Coursera 	
   – 	
   Design 	
   thinking 	
   submission 	
   – 	
   Mind 	
   mapping 

 1-­‐ Challenge 

 I 	
   am 	
   a 	
   project 	
   manager 	
   in 	
   an 	
   investment 	
   bank . 	
   A 	
   few 	
   months 	
   back , 	
   I 	
   was 	
   assigned 	
   to 	
   conduct 	
    an 	
   efficiency 	
   mission 	
   along 	
   with 	
   four 	
   other 	
   people , 	
   from 	
   different 	
   teams 	
   and 	
   backgrounds . 	
    We 	
   had 	
   time 	
   for 	
   our 	
   mission 	
   and 	
   had 	
   decided 	
   to 	
   organise 	
   steering 	
   committees 	
   on 	
   a 	
   monthly 	
    basis 	
   with 	
   other 	
   stakeholders , 	
   sponsors 	
   etc . 	
   ( like 	
   most 	
   of 	
   big 	
   companies 	
   usually 	
   do ) . 	
   	
    But 	
   after 	
   our 	
   first 	
   meeting , 	
   we 	
   had 	
   to 	
   admit 	
   it 	
   did 	
   not 	
   go 	
   as 	
   smoothly 	
   as 	
   it 	
   should 	
   have 	
   ( or 	
   at 	
    least 	
    as 	
    we 	
    had 	
    expected ) . 	
    Although 	
    we 	
    had 	
    time 	
    to 	
    prepare 	
    ourselves 	
    and 	
    organise 	
    the 	
    findings 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   present , 	
   we 	
   ended 	
   literally 	
   5 	
   minutes 	
   before 	
   the 	
   meeting 	
   start , 	
   and 	
    we 	
   could 	
   feel 	
   that 	
   the 	
   atmosphere 	
   in 	
   the 	
   project 	
   team 	
   was 	
   tense . 

 2-­‐ Selection 

 Hence 	
   we 	
   decided 	
   to 	
   take 	
   some 	
   time 	
   and 	
   think 	
   about 	
   the 	
   situation 	
   as 	
   it 	
   was . 	
   We 	
   needed 	
   to 	
    truly 	
   express 	
   our 	
   feelings 	
   and 	
   perception 	
   of 	
   the 	
   situation 	
   in 	
   order 	
   to 	
   design 	
   a 	
   solution 	
   that 	
    would 	
   prevent 	
   such 	
   situation 	
   from 	
   happening 	
   again . 	
   	
    The 	
   tool 	
   that 	
   seemed 	
   the 	
   most 	
   appropriate 	
   to 	
   help 	
   us 	
   was 	
   a 	
   mind 	
   mapping . 	
   As 	
   we 	
   were 	
   five 	
    people , 	
   with 	
   possibly 	
   ( and 	
   most 	
   probably ) 	
   five 	
   different 	
   points 	
   of 	
   view , 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   first 	
    collect 	
   as 	
   many 	
   inputs 	
   as 	
   we 	
   could 	
   before 	
   organising 	
   them 	
   and 	
   identifying 	
   insights . 

 3-­‐ Application 

 We 	
   gathered 	
   in 	
   a 	
   large 	
   room 	
   with 	
   post-­‐it 	
   notes , 	
   a 	
   wide 	
   white 	
   board 	
   and 	
   time 	
   – 	
   basically , 	
   we 	
    had n’t 	
   scheduled 	
   any 	
   limited 	
   time , 	
   as 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   cover 	
   the 	
   whole 	
   situation 	
   before 	
   taking 	
    up 	
   the 	
   project 	
   again . 	
   	
    For 	
   a 	
   few 	
   minutes , 	
   in 	
   silence 	
   and 	
   individually , 	
   we 	
   wrote 	
   on 	
   notes 	
   how 	
   we 	
   felt 	
   during 	
   the 	
    meeting 	
   preparation , 	
   and 	
   what 	
   we 	
   liked 	
   or 	
   disliked . 	
   There 	
   would 	
   be 	
   only 	
   one 	
   input 	
   per 	
   note , 	
    and 	
   it 	
   could 	
   be 	
   full 	
   sentences , 	
   so 	
   that 	
   the 	
   idea 	
   would 	
   be 	
   clear 	
   for 	
   all . 	
   	
    Then , 	
   one 	
   after 	
   the 	
   other , 	
   we 	
   presented 	
   our 	
   notes 	
   and 	
   stuck 	
   them 	
   on 	
   the 	
   white 	
   board . 	
   No 	
    comments 	
    were 	
    made , 	
    just 	
    respectful 	
    listening . 	
    But 	
    we 	
    started 	
    to 	
    notice 	
    that 	
    themes 	
    or 	
    patterns 	
   emerged . 	
   So 	
   when 	
   all 	
   the 	
   notes 	
   were 	
   on 	
   the 	
   board , 	
   we 	
   gathered 	
   them 	
   by 	
   similarity . 

 4-­‐ Insight 

 Surprisingly , 	
   we 	
   got 	
   only 	
   four 	
   or 	
   five 	
   themes , 	
   and 	
   almost 	
   no 	
   stand-­‐alone 	
   note . 	
   We 	
   had 	
   all 	
    identified 	
   similar 	
   pain 	
   points , 	
   but 	
   good 	
   things 	
   too . 	
   However , 	
   our 	
   way 	
   to 	
   perceive 	
   them 	
   was 	
    very 	
   different , 	
   and 	
   there 	
   lied 	
   our 	
   criteria . 	
   	
    For 	
    example , 	
    “ time ” 	
    was 	
    one 	
    of 	
    the 	
    main 	
    themes . 	
    But 	
    where 	
    some 	
    of 	
    us 	
    said 	
    they 	
    had 	
    initially 	
   felt 	
   comfortable 	
   because 	
   they 	
   considered 	
   they 	
   had 	
   enough 	
   “ time ” 	
   to 	
   do 	
   their 	
   work 

 ( group 	
   A ) , 	
   others 	
   expressed 	
   they 	
   felt 	
   under 	
   the 	
   pressure 	
   because 	
   the 	
   deadlines 	
   had 	
   seemed 	
    too 	
   close 	
   to 	
   them 	
   ( group 	
   B ) . 	
   And 	
   in 	
   turn , 	
   they 	
   made 	
   group 	
   A 	
   feel 	
   their 	
   stress . 	
    So 	
   in 	
   that 	
   example , 	
   we 	
   concluded 	
   that 	
   we 	
   had n’t 	
   all 	
   the 	
   same 	
   needs : 	
   where 	
   some 	
   liked 	
   and 	
    looked 	
   for 	
   autonomy 	
   and 	
   independence , 	
   others 	
   required 	
   regular 	
   updates 	
   and 	
   status 	
   to 	
   feel 	
    reassured 	
   and 	
   on 	
   track . 	
   Our 	
   criteria 	
   were 	
   then 	
   obvious : 	
   design 	
   a 	
   process 	
   that 	
   will 	
   keep 	
   track 	
    of 	
   the 	
   progress 	
   and 	
   target , 	
   while 	
   leaving 	
   people 	
   enough 	
   space 	
   to 	
   reach 	
   their 	
   goal 	
   and 	
   not 	
    consuming 	
   too 	
   much 	
   time . 

 5-­‐ Approach 

 The 	
   insights 	
   were 	
   easier 	
   to 	
   identify 	
   than 	
   we 	
   had 	
   expected 	
   and 	
   it 	
   only 	
   took 	
   us 	
   two 	
   hours 	
   to 	
    prepare 	
   our 	
   criteria 	
   and 	
   initiate 	
   our 	
   solution 	
   design . 	
   	
    I 	
   think 	
   it 	
   is 	
   because 	
   part 	
   of 	
   the 	
   problem 	
   was 	
   also 	
   our 	
   embarrassment 	
   to 	
   lance 	
   the 	
   boil 	
   and 	
    express 	
   the 	
   resentment 	
   we 	
   might 	
   have 	
   felt . 	
   We 	
   all 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   succeed 	
   in 	
   the 	
   mission 	
   and 	
    work 	
   together . 	
   But 	
   somehow 	
   we 	
   were 	
   afraid 	
   that 	
   expressing 	
   our 	
   dislikes 	
   could 	
   damage 	
   the 	
    harmony 	
   in 	
   the 	
   group . 	
   	
    Mind 	
   mapping 	
   was 	
   a 	
   good 	
   tool 	
   in 	
   that 	
   way , 	
   as 	
   it 	
   enabled 	
   us 	
   to 	
   discuss 	
   the 	
   issue 	
   through 	
   facts 	
    and 	
   not 	
   through 	
   our 	
   individual 	
   perspectives . 	
   And 	
   it 	
   also 	
   helped 	
   us 	
   realise 	
   ( through 	
   the 	
   notes 	
    gathering 	
   on 	
   the 	
   board ) 	
   that 	
   we 	
   finally 	
   shared 	
   a 	
   lot , 	
   in 	
   what 	
   we 	
   had 	
   perceived . 	
    The 	
   rest 	
   of 	
   the 	
   mission 	
   was 	
   a 	
   success 	
   thanks 	
   to 	
   the 	
   new 	
   process 	
   ( and 	
   few 	
   rules ) 	
   we 	
   put 	
   in 	
    place , 	
   but 	
   also 	
   because 	
   we 	
   continued 	
   to 	
   communicate 	
   on 	
   trust 	
   with 	
   each 	
   other . 


EMAIL: 
ID_NUM: 
NAME_STUDENT: 
PHONE_NUM: 
STREET_ADDRESS: 
URL_PERSONAL: 
USERNAME: 

### Task: You are a PII (Personal Identity Information) Detection. Given a essays written by students, you have to identify ONLY the following:
NAME_STUDENT - The full or partial name of a student that is not necessarily the author of the essay. This excludes instructors, authors, and other person names.
EMAIL - A student’s email address.
USERNAME - A student's username on any platform.
ID_NUM - A number or sequence of characters that could be used to identify a student, such as a student ID or a social security number.
PHONE_NUM - A phone number associated with a student.
URL_PERSONAL - A URL that might be used to identify a student.
STREET_ADDRESS - A full or partial street address that is associated with the student, such as their home address.
### Input: Coursera 	
   – 	
   Design 	
   thinking 	
   submission 	
   – 	
   Mind 	
   mapping 

 1-­‐ Challenge 

 I 	
   am 	
   a 	
   project 	
   manager 	
   in 	
   an 	
   investment 	
   bank . 	
   A 	
   few 	
   months 	
   back , 	
   I 	
   was 	
   assigned 	
   to 	
   conduct 	
    an 	
   efficiency 	
   mission 	
   along 	
   with 	
   four 	
   other 	
   people , 	
   from 	
   different 	
   teams 	
   and 	
   backgrounds . 	
    We 	
   had 	
   time 	
   for 	
   our 	
   mission 	
   and 	
   had 	
   decided 	
   to 	
   organise 	
   steering 	
   committees 	
   on 	
   a 	
   monthly 	
    basis 	
   with 	
   other 	
   stakeholders , 	
   sponsors 	
   etc . 	
   ( like 	
   most 	
   of 	
   big 	
   companies 	
   usually 	
   do ) . 	
   	
    But 	
   after 	
   our 	
   first 	
   meeting , 	
   we 	
   had 	
   to 	
   admit 	
   it 	
   did 	
   not 	
   go 	
   as 	
   smoothly 	
   as 	
   it 	
   should 	
   have 	
   ( or 	
   at 	
    least 	
    as 	
    we 	
    had 	
    expected ) . 	
    Although 	
    we 	
    had 	
    time 	
    to 	
    prepare 	
    ourselves 	
    and 	
    organise 	
    the 	
    findings 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   present , 	
   we 	
   ended 	
   literally 	
   5 	
   minutes 	
   before 	
   the 	
   meeting 	
   start , 	
   and 	
    we 	
   could 	
   feel 	
   that 	
   the 	
   atmosphere 	
   in 	
   the 	
   project 	
   team 	
   was 	
   tense . 

 2-­‐ Selection 

 Hence 	
   we 	
   decided 	
   to 	
   take 	
   some 	
   time 	
   and 	
   think 	
   about 	
   the 	
   situation 	
   as 	
   it 	
   was . 	
   We 	
   needed 	
   to 	
    truly 	
   express 	
   our 	
   feelings 	
   and 	
   perception 	
   of 	
   the 	
   situation 	
   in 	
   order 	
   to 	
   design 	
   a 	
   solution 	
   that 	
    would 	
   prevent 	
   such 	
   situation 	
   from 	
   happening 	
   again . 	
   	
    The 	
   tool 	
   that 	
   seemed 	
   the 	
   most 	
   appropriate 	
   to 	
   help 	
   us 	
   was 	
   a 	
   mind 	
   mapping . 	
   As 	
   we 	
   were 	
   five 	
    people , 	
   with 	
   possibly 	
   ( and 	
   most 	
   probably ) 	
   five 	
   different 	
   points 	
   of 	
   view , 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   first 	
    collect 	
   as 	
   many 	
   inputs 	
   as 	
   we 	
   could 	
   before 	
   organising 	
   them 	
   and 	
   identifying 	
   insights . 

 3-­‐ Application 

 We 	
   gathered 	
   in 	
   a 	
   large 	
   room 	
   with 	
   post-­‐it 	
   notes , 	
   a 	
   wide 	
   white 	
   board 	
   and 	
   time 	
   – 	
   basically , 	
   we 	
    had n’t 	
   scheduled 	
   any 	
   limited 	
   time , 	
   as 	
   we 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   cover 	
   the 	
   whole 	
   situation 	
   before 	
   taking 	
    up 	
   the 	
   project 	
   again . 	
   	
    For 	
   a 	
   few 	
   minutes , 	
   in 	
   silence 	
   and 	
   individually , 	
   we 	
   wrote 	
   on 	
   notes 	
   how 	
   we 	
   felt 	
   during 	
   the 	
    meeting 	
   preparation , 	
   and 	
   what 	
   we 	
   liked 	
   or 	
   disliked . 	
   There 	
   would 	
   be 	
   only 	
   one 	
   input 	
   per 	
   note , 	
    and 	
   it 	
   could 	
   be 	
   full 	
   sentences , 	
   so 	
   that 	
   the 	
   idea 	
   would 	
   be 	
   clear 	
   for 	
   all . 	
   	
    Then , 	
   one 	
   after 	
   the 	
   other , 	
   we 	
   presented 	
   our 	
   notes 	
   and 	
   stuck 	
   them 	
   on 	
   the 	
   white 	
   board . 	
   No 	
    comments 	
    were 	
    made , 	
    just 	
    respectful 	
    listening . 	
    But 	
    we 	
    started 	
    to 	
    notice 	
    that 	
    themes 	
    or 	
    patterns 	
   emerged . 	
   So 	
   when 	
   all 	
   the 	
   notes 	
   were 	
   on 	
   the 	
   board , 	
   we 	
   gathered 	
   them 	
   by 	
   similarity . 

 4-­‐ Insight 

 Surprisingly , 	
   we 	
   got 	
   only 	
   four 	
   or 	
   five 	
   themes , 	
   and 	
   almost 	
   no 	
   stand-­‐alone 	
   note . 	
   We 	
   had 	
   all 	
    identified 	
   similar 	
   pain 	
   points , 	
   but 	
   good 	
   things 	
   too . 	
   However , 	
   our 	
   way 	
   to 	
   perceive 	
   them 	
   was 	
    very 	
   different , 	
   and 	
   there 	
   lied 	
   our 	
   criteria . 	
   	
    For 	
    example , 	
    “ time ” 	
    was 	
    one 	
    of 	
    the 	
    main 	
    themes . 	
    But 	
    where 	
    some 	
    of 	
    us 	
    said 	
    they 	
    had 	
    initially 	
   felt 	
   comfortable 	
   because 	
   they 	
   considered 	
   they 	
   had 	
   enough 	
   “ time ” 	
   to 	
   do 	
   their 	
   work 

 ( group 	
   A ) , 	
   others 	
   expressed 	
   they 	
   felt 	
   under 	
   the 	
   pressure 	
   because 	
   the 	
   deadlines 	
   had 	
   seemed 	
    too 	
   close 	
   to 	
   them 	
   ( group 	
   B ) . 	
   And 	
   in 	
   turn , 	
   they 	
   made 	
   group 	
   A 	
   feel 	
   their 	
   stress . 	
    So 	
   in 	
   that 	
   example , 	
   we 	
   concluded 	
   that 	
   we 	
   had n’t 	
   all 	
   the 	
   same 	
   needs : 	
   where 	
   some 	
   liked 	
   and 	
    looked 	
   for 	
   autonomy 	
   and 	
   independence , 	
   others 	
   required 	
   regular 	
   updates 	
   and 	
   status 	
   to 	
   feel 	
    reassured 	
   and 	
   on 	
   track . 	
   Our 	
   criteria 	
   were 	
   then 	
   obvious : 	
   design 	
   a 	
   process 	
   that 	
   will 	
   keep 	
   track 	
    of 	
   the 	
   progress 	
   and 	
   target , 	
   while 	
   leaving 	
   people 	
   enough 	
   space 	
   to 	
   reach 	
   their 	
   goal 	
   and 	
   not 	
    consuming 	
   too 	
   much 	
   time . 

 5-­‐ Approach 

 The 	
   insights 	
   were 	
   easier 	
   to 	
   identify 	
   than 	
   we 	
   had 	
   expected 	
   and 	
   it 	
   only 	
   took 	
   us 	
   two 	
   hours 	
   to 	
    prepare 	
   our 	
   criteria 	
   and 	
   initiate 	
   our 	
   solution 	
   design . 	
   	
    I 	
   think 	
   it 	
   is 	
   because 	
   part 	
   of 	
   the 	
   problem 	
   was 	
   also 	
   our 	
   embarrassment 	
   to 	
   lance 	
   the 	
   boil 	
   and 	
    express 	
   the 	
   resentment 	
   we 	
   might 	
   have 	
   felt . 	
   We 	
   all 	
   wanted 	
   to 	
   succeed 	
   in 	
   the 	
   mission 	
   and 	
    work 	
   together . 	
   But 	
   somehow 	
   we 	
   were 	
   afraid 	
   that 	
   expressing 	
   our 	
   dislikes 	
   could 	
   damage 	
   the 	
    harmony 	
   in 	
   the 	
   group . 	
   	
    Mind 	
   mapping 	
   was 	
   a 	
   good 	
   tool 	
   in 	
   that 	
   way , 	
   as 	
   it 	
   enabled 	
   us 	
   to 	
   discuss 	
   the 	
   issue 	
   through 	
   facts 	
    and 	
   not 	
   through 	
   our 	
   individual 	
   perspectives . 	
   And 	
   it 	
   also 	
   helped 	
   us 	
   realise 	
   ( through 	
   the 	
   notes 	
    gathering 	
   on 	
   the 	
   board ) 	
   that 	
   we 	
   finally 	
   shared 	
   a 	
   lot , 	
   in 	
   what 	
   we 	
   had 	
   perceived . 	
    The 	
   rest 	
   of 	
   the 	
   mission 	
   was 	
   a 	
   success 	
   thanks 	
   to 	
   the 	
   new 	
   process 	
   ( and 	
   few 	
   rules ) 	
   we 	
   put 	
   in 	
    place , 	
   but 	
   also 	
   because 	
   we 	
   continued 	
   to 	
   communicate 	
   on 	
   trust 	
   with 	
   each 	
   other .
### Output: 