script file (launched to run the program)and multiple module files (imported libraries of toolsscripts and modules are both text files containing python statementsthough the statements in modules usually just create objects to be used later python' standard library provides collection of precoded modules the first of thesea python import statementgives the file py access to everything defined by top-level code in the file py the code import roughly meansload the file py (unless it' already loaded)and give me access to all its attributes through the name to satisfy such goalsimport (andas you'll see laterfromstatements execute and load other files on request more formallyin pythoncross-file module linking is not resolved until such import statements are executed at runtimetheir net effect is to assign module names--simple variables like --to loaded module objects in factthe module name used in an import statement serves two purposesit identifies the external file to be loadedbut it also becomes variable assigned to the loaded module similarlyobjects defined by module are also created at runtimeas the import is executingimport literally runs statements in the target file one at time to create its contents along the wayevery name assigned at the top-level of the file becomes an attribute of the moduleaccessible to importers for examplethe second of the statements in py calls the function spam defined in the module --created by running its def statement during the import--using object attribute notation the code spam meansfetch the value of the name spam that lives within the object this happens to be callable function in our exampleso we pass string in parentheses ('gumby'if you actually type these filessave themand run pythe words "gumby spamwill be printed as we've seenthe object attribute notation appears throughout python code--most objects have useful attributes that are fetched with the operator some reference callable objects like functions that take action ( salary computer)and others are modulesthe big picture