functions the following functions are available_clear_type_cache(clears the internal type cache to optimize method lookupsa small -entry cache of recently used methods is maintained inside the interpreter this cache speeds up repeated method lookups--especially in code that has deep inheritance hierarchies normallyyou don' need to clear this cachebut you might do so if you are trying to track down really tricky memory reference counting issue for exampleif method in the cache was holding reference to an object that you were expecting to be destroyed _current_frames(returns dictionary mapping thread identifiers to the topmost stack frame of the executing thread at the time of call this information can be useful in writing tools related to thread debugging (that istracking down deadlockkeep in mind that the values returned by this function only represent snapshot of the interpreter at the time of call threads may be executing elsewhere by the time you look at the returned data displayhook([value]this function is called to print the result of an expression when the interpreter is running in interactive mode by defaultthe value of repr(valueis printed to standard output and value is saved in the variable _builtin_ displayhook can be redefined to provide different behavior if desired excepthook(type,value,tracebackthis function is called when an uncaught exception occurs type is the exception classvalue is the value supplied by the raise statementand traceback is traceback object the default behavior is to print the exception and traceback to standard error howeverthis function can be redefined to provide alternative handling of uncaught exceptions (which may be useful in specialized applications such as debuggers or cgi scriptsexc_clear(clears all information related to the last exception that occurred it only clears information specific to the calling thread exc_info(returns tuple (typevaluetracebackcontaining information about the exception that' currently being handled type is the exception typevalue is the exception parameter passed to raiseand traceback is traceback object containing the call stack at the point where the exception occurred returns none if no exception is currently being handled exit([ ]exits python by raising the systemexit exception is an integer exit code indicating status code value of is considered normal (the default)nonzero values are considered abnormal if noninteger value is given to nit' printed to sys stderr and an exit code of is used lib fl ff