nesting comprehensions dictionaries mapping operations nesting revisited missing keysif tests sorting keysfor loops iteration and optimization tuples why tuplesfiles binary bytes files unicode text files other file-like tools other core types how to break your code' flexibility user-defined classes and everything else summary test your knowledgequiz test your knowledgeanswers numeric types numeric type basics numeric literals built-in numeric tools python expression operators numbers in action variables and basic expressions numeric display formats comparisonsnormal and chained divisionclassicfloorand true integer precision complex numbers hexoctalbinaryliterals and conversions bitwise operations other built-in numeric tools other numeric types decimal type fraction type sets booleans viii table of contents