introduction to filespaths and io the first group of three characters this indicates that the user can read ' 'write 'wand execute 'xthe file however the next six characters are all dashes indicating that the group and all other users cannot access the file at all the group that file belongs to is group that can have any number of users as members member of the group will have the access rights as indicated by the group settings on the file as for the owner of file these can be to readwrite or execute the file for exampleif group members are allowed to read and execute filethen this would be shown using the symbolic notation asnow this example indicates that only members of the group can read and execute the filenote that group members cannot write the file (they therefore cannot modify the fileif user is not the owner of filenor member of the group that the file is part ofthen their access rights are in the 'everyone elsecategory again this category can have readwrite or execute permissions for exampleusing the symbolic notationif all users can read the file but are not able to do anything elsethen this would be shown asof course file can mix the above permissions togetherso that an owner may be allowed to readwrite and execute filethe group may be able to read and execute the file but all other users can only read the file this would be shown asin addition to the symbolic notation there is also numeric notation that is used with unix style systems the numeric notation uses three digits to represent the permissions each of the three rightmost digits represents different component of the permissionsownergroupand others each of these digits is the sum of its component bits in the binary numeral system as resultspecific bits add to the sum as it is represented by numeralthe read bit adds to its total (in binary )the write bit adds to its total (in binary )and the execute bit adds to its total (in binary this the following symbolic notations can be represented by an equivalent numeric notationsymbolic notation numeric notation meaning rwx---rwxrwx--rwxrwxrwx readwriteand execute only for owner readwriteand execute for owner and group readwriteand execute for ownergroup and others