ampand capital from the ends of the string stored in spam the order of the characters in the string passed to strip(does not matterstrip('amps'will do the same thing as strip('maps'or strip('spam'numeric values of characters with the ord(and chr(functions computers store information as bytes--strings of binary numberswhich means we need to be able to convert text to numbers because of thisevery text character has corresponding numeric value called unicode code point for examplethe numeric code point is for ' ' for ' 'and for '!you can use the ord(function to get the code point of one-character stringand the chr(function to get the one-character string of an integer code point enter the following into the interactive shellord(' ' ord(' ' ord('!' chr( 'athese functions are useful when you need to do an ordering or mathematical operation on charactersord(' ' ord(' 'ord(' 'true chr(ord(' ')'achr(ord(' ' 'bthere is more to unicode and code pointsbut those details are beyond the scope of this book if you' like to know morei recommend watching ned batchelder' pycon talk"pragmatic unicodeorhow do stop the pain?at copying and pasting strings with the pyperclip module the pyperclip module has copy(and paste(functions that can send text to and receive text from your computer' clipboard sending the output of your program to the clipboard will make it easy to paste it into an emailword processoror some other software manipulating strings