- explain the changes that would have to be made to the program of code fragment so that it could perform the caesar cipher for messages that are written in an alphabet-based language other than englishsuch as greekrussianor hebrew - the constructor for the caesarcipher class in code fragment can be implemented with two-line body by building the forward and backward strings using combination of the join method and an appropriate comprehension syntax give such an implementation - use standard control structures to compute the sum of all numbers in an data setrepresented as list of lists - describe how the built-in sum function can be combined with python' comprehension syntax to compute the sum of all numbers in an data setrepresented as list of lists creativity - in the experiment of code fragment we begin with an empty list if data were initially constructed with nonempty lengthdoes this affect the sequence of values at which the underlying array is expandedperform your own experimentsand comment on any relationship you see between the initial length and the expansion sequence - the shuffle methodsupported by the random moduletakes python list and rearranges it so that every possible ordering is equally likely implement your own version of such function you may rely on the randrange(nfunction of the random modulewhich returns random number between and inclusive - consider an implementation of dynamic arraybut instead of copying the elements into an array of double the size (that isfrom to nwhen its capacity is reachedwe copy the elements into an array with / additional cellsgoing from capacity to capacity / prove that performing sequence of append operations still runs in (ntime in this case - implement pop method for the dynamicarray classgiven in code fragment that removes the last element of the arrayand that shrinks the capacitynof the array by half any time the number of elements in the array goes below / - prove that when using dynamic array that grows and shrinks as in the previous exercisethe following series of operations takes (ntimen append operations on an initially empty arrayfollowed by pop operations