the derivative of function (xcan be approximated with centered finite differencef ( hf ( hf ( for some small the implementation of the diff py program could look like from math import import sys formula sys argv[ code ""def ( )return {formula""exec(codex float(sys argv[ ]def numerical_derivative(fxh= - )return ( ( +hf( - ))/( *hprint( 'numerical derivative{numerical_derivative(fx)}'again we see that the flexibility of the exec function enables us to implement fairly advanced functionality in very compact program reading data from files scientific data are often available in filesand reading and processing data from files have always been important tasks in programming the data science revolution that we have witnessed in recent years has only increased their importance furthersince all data analysis starts with being able to read data from files and store them in suitable data structures to start with simple exampleconsider file named data txt containing single column of numbers we assume that we know in advance that there is one number per linebut we do not know the number of lines how can we read these numbers into python program