representing text data as bag of words applying bag-of-words to toy dataset bag-of-words for movie reviews stopwords rescaling the data with tf-idf investigating model coefficients bag-of-words with more than one word ( -gramsadvanced tokenizationstemmingand lemmatization topic modeling and document clustering latent dirichlet allocation summary and outlook wrapping up approaching machine learning problem humans in the loop from prototype to production testing production systems building your own estimator where to go from here theory other machine learning frameworks and packages rankingrecommender systemsand other kinds of learning probabilistic modelinginferenceand probabilistic programming neural networks scaling to larger datasets honing your skills conclusion index vi table of contents