the funny thing starts when we realize just how much the numpy package is optimized for exampleit avoids copies wherever possible [ ][ ]= array([ ][ ] ]] array( ]in this casewe have modified the value to in band we can immediately see the same change reflected in as well keep that in mind whenever you need true copy reshape(( , )copy( array([ ][ ] ]] [ ][ - array( ] array([[- ] ] ]]herec and are totally independent copies another big advantage of numpy arrays is that the operations are propagated to the individual elements * array( ] ** array( ]contrast that to ordinary python lists[ , , , , ]* [ [ , , , , ]** traceback (most recent call last)file ""line in typeerrorunsupported operand type(sfor *or pow()'listand 'int