text and binary filesthe short story storing python objects in filesconversions storing native python objectspickle storing python objects in json format storing packed binary datastruct file context managers other file tools core types review and summary object flexibility references versus copies comparisonsequalityand truth the meaning of true and false in python python' type hierarchies type objects other types in python built-in type gotchas assignment creates referencesnot copies repetition adds one level deep beware of cyclic data structures immutable types can' be changed in place summary test your knowledgequiz test your knowledgeanswers test your knowledgepart ii exercises part iii statements and syntax introducing python statements the python conceptual hierarchy revisited python' statements tale of two ifs what python adds what python removes why indentation syntaxa few special cases quick exampleinteractive loops simple interactive loop doing math on user inputs handling errors by testing inputs handling errors with try statements nesting code three levels deep table of contents xi