one beginning with python (creleased under the creative commons attribution-noncommercial-share alike united states license context you have probably used computers to do all sorts of useful and interesting things in each applicationthe computer responds in different ways to your inputfrom the keyboardmouse or file still the underlying operations are determined by the design of the program you are given in this set of tutorials you will learn to write your own computer programsso you can give the computer instructions to react in the way you want low-level and high-level computer operations first let us place python programming in the context of the computer hardware at the most fundamental level in the computer there are instructions built into the hardware these are very simple instructionspeculiar to the hardware of your particular type of computer the instructions are designed to be simple for the hardware to executenot for humans to follow the earliest programming was done with such instructions if was difficult and error-prone major advance was the development of higher-level languages and translators for them higher-level languages allow computer programmers to write instructions in format that is easier for humans to understand for example + is an instruction in many high-level languages that means something like access the value stored at location labeled calculate the sum of this value and the value stored at location labeled store the result in location labeled no computer understands the high-level instruction directlyit is not in machine language special program must first translate instructions like this one into machine language this one high-level instruction might be translated into sequence of three machine language instructions corresponding to the three step description above obviously high-level languages were great advance in clarityif you follow broad introduction to computingyou will learn more about the layers that connect low-level digital computer circuits to high-level languages