filter(functioniterablein python this creates list consisting of the objects from iterable for which function evaluates to true in python the result is an iterator that produces this result if function is nonethe identity function is used and all the elements of iterable that are false are removed iterable can be any object that supports iteration as general ruleit is significantly faster to use generator expression or list comprehension to filter data (refer to float([ ]type representing floating-point number if is numberit is converted to float if is stringit is parsed into float if no argument is supplied is returned format(value [format_spec]converts value to formatted string according to the format specification string in format_spec this operation invokes value _format_ ()which is free to interpret the format specification as it sees fit for simple types of datathe format specifier typically includes an alignment character of ''or '^' number (which indicates the field width)and character code of ' '' 'or 'sfor integerfloating pointor string valuesrespectively for examplea format specification of 'dformats an integera specification of ' dright aligns an integer in an -character field and '< dleft aligns an integer in an -character field more details on format(and format specifiers can be found in "types and objects,and "operators and expressions frozenset([items]type representing an immutable set object populated with values taken from items that must be an iterable the values must also be immutable if no argument is givenan empty set is returned getattr(objectname [,default]returns the value of named attribute of an object name is string containing the attribute name default is an optional value to return if no such attribute exists otherwiseattributeerror is raised same as object name globals(returns the dictionary of the current module that represents the global namespace when called inside another function or methodit returns the global namespace of the module in which the function or method was defined hasattr(objectnamereturns true if name is the name of an attribute of object false is returned otherwise name is string hash(objectreturns an integer hash value for an object (if possiblethe hash value is primarily used in the implementation of dictionariessetsand other mapping objects the hash value is the same for any two objects that compare as equals mutable objects don' define hash valuealthough user-defined classes can define method _hash_ (to support this operation lib fl ff