as the compiler used to build the python interpreter gives to doubles integers in python xnormal and long in python there are two integer typesnormal (often bitsand long (unlimited precision)and an integer may end in an or to force it to become long integer because integers are automatically converted to long integers when their values overflow their allocated bitsyou never need to type the letter yourself-python automatically converts up to long integer when extra precision is needed integers in python xa single type in python xthe normal and long integer types have been merged--there is only integerwhich automatically supports the unlimited precision of python ' separate long integer type because of thisintegers can no longer be coded with trailing or land integers never print with this character either apart from thismost programs are unaffected by this changeunless they do type testing that checks for long integers hexadecimaloctaland binary literals integers may be coded in decimal (base )hexadecimal (base )octal (base )or binary (base )the last three of which are common in some programming domains hexadecimals start with leading or xfollowed by string of hexadecimal digits ( - and -fhex digits may be coded in loweror uppercase octal literals start with leading or (zero and loweror uppercase letter )followed by string of digits ( - in xoctal literals can also be coded with just leading but not in --this original octal form is too easily confused with decimaland is replaced by the new formatwhich can also be used in as of binary literalsnew as of and begin with leading or bfollowed by binary digits ( - note that all of these literals produce integer objects in program codethey are just alternative syntaxes for specifying values the built-in calls hex( )oct( )and bin(iconvert an integer to its representation string in these three basesand int(strbaseconverts runtime string to an integer per given base complex numbers python complex literals are written as realpart+imaginarypartwhere the imagi narypart is terminated with or the realpart is technically optionalso the imaginarypart may appear on its own internallycomplex numbers are implemented as pairs of floating-point numbersbut all numeric operations perform complex math when applied to complex numbers complex numbers may also be created with the complex(realimagbuilt-in call coding other numeric types as we'll see later in this there are additional numeric types at the end of table - that serve more advanced or specialized roles you create some of these numeric type basics