splitlines(num=string count('\ '))splits string that contains newline (\ncharacters into individual strings each break occurs at the newline character the output has the newline characters removed you can use num to specify the number of strings to return strip()removes all leading and trailing whitespace characters in string swapcase()inverts the case for each alphabetic character in string title()returns string in which the initial letter in each word is in uppercase and all remaining letters in the word are in lowercase upper()converts all lowercase letters in string to uppercase letters zfill (width)returns string that is left-padded with zeros so that the resulting string is the size of width this function is designed for use with strings containing numeric values it retains the original sign information (if anysupplied with the number playing with these functions bit can help you understand them better the following steps create an example that demonstrates some of the tasks you can perform using these functions this example also appears with the downloadable source code as functions py open python file window you see an editor in which you can type the example code type the following code into the window -pressing enter after each linemystring hello world print(mystring upper()print(mystring strip()print(mystring center( "*")print(mystring strip(center( "*")print(mystring isdigit()print(mystring istitle()print(max(mystring)print(mystring split()print(mystring split()[ ]the code begins by creating mystringwhich includes spaces before and after the text so that you can see how space-related functions work the initial task is to convert all the characters to uppercase