file flush( file fileno( file isatty( file next( file read([size] file readline([size] file readline([sizehint] file seek(offset[,whence] file tell( file truncate([size] file write(str file writelines(sequence os object methods python exceptions assertions in python the assert statement what is exception handling an exception the except clause with no exceptions the except clause with multiple exceptions the try-finally clause argument of an exception raising an exception user-defined exceptions