engine wasn' meant as general-purpose computer when it was designed in the and sbecause the concept of general-purpose computation was yet to be invented it was merely meant as way to use mechanical operations to automate certain computations from the field of mathematical analysis--hencethe name analytical engine in ada lovelace remarked on the invention"the analytical engine has no pretensions whatever to originate anything it can do whatever we know how to order it to perform its province is to assist us in making available what we're already acquainted with this remark was later quoted by ai pioneer alan turing as "lady lovelace' objectionin his landmark paper "computing machinery and intelligence," which introduced the turing test as well as key concepts that would come to shape ai turing was quoting ada lovelace while pondering whether general-purpose computers could be capable of learning and originalityand he came to the conclusion that they could machine learning arises from this questioncould computer go beyond "what we know how to order it to performand learn on its own how to perform specified taskcould computer surprise usrather than programmers crafting data-processing rules by handcould computer automatically learn these rules by looking at datathis question opens the door to new programming paradigm in classical programmingthe paradigm of symbolic aihumans input rules ( programand data to be processed according to these rulesand out come answers (see figure with machine learninghumans input data as well as the answers expected from the dataand out come the rules these rules can then be applied to new data to produce original answers rules data data answers classical programming answers machine learning rules figure machine learninga new programming paradigm machine-learning system is trained rather than explicitly programmed it' presented with many examples relevant to taskand it finds statistical structure in these examples that eventually allows the system to come up with rules for automating the task for instanceif you wished to automate the task of tagging your vacation picturesyou could present machine-learning system with many examples of pictures already tagged by humansand the system would learn statistical rules for associating specific pictures to specific tags turing"computing machinery and intelligence,mind no ( ) - licensed to