types and objects ll the data stored in python program is built around the concept of an object objects include fundamental data types such as numbersstringslistsand dictionaries howeverit' also possible to create user-defined objects in the form of classes in additionmost objects related to program structure and the internal operation of the interpreter are also exposed this describes the inner workings of the python object model and provides an overview of the built-in data types "operators and expressions,further describes operators and expressions "classes and object-oriented programming,describes how to create user-defined objects terminology every piece of data stored in program is an object each object has an identitya type (which is also known as its class)and value for examplewhen you write an integer object is created with the value of you can view the identity of an object as pointer to its location in memory is name that refers to this specific location the type of an objectalso known as the object' classdescribes the internal representation of the object as well as the methods and operations that it supports when an object of particular type is createdthat object is sometimes called an instance of that type after an instance is createdits identity and type cannot be changed if an object' value can be modifiedthe object is said to be mutable if the value cannot be modifiedthe object is said to be immutable an object that contains references to other objects is said to be container or collection most objects are characterized by number of data attributes and methods an attribute is value associated with an object method is function that performs some sort of operation on an object when the method is invoked as function attributes and methods are accessed using the dot operatoras shown in the following examplea real create complex number get the real part (an attributeb [ append( create list add new element using the append method object identity and type the built-in function id(returns the identity of an object as an integer this integer usually corresponds to the object' location in memoryalthough this is specific to the python implementation and no such interpretation of the identity should be made the lib fl ff