it would be like"heymy brain did most of the thinking for me!this is exactly why it is difficult to make machines learn to solve these problems like regular computational programs like computing loan interest or tax rebates solutions to problems that cannot be programmed inherently need different approach where we use the data itself to drive decisions instead of using programmable logicrulesor code to make these decisions we discuss this further in future sections efficiency and scale while getting insights and making decisions driven by data are of paramount importanceit also needs to be done with efficiency and at scale the key idea of using techniques from machine learning or artificial intelligence is to automate processes or tasks by learning specific patterns from the data we all want computers or machines to tell us when stock might rise or fallwhether an image is of computer or televisionwhether our product placement and offers are the bestdetermine shopping price trendsdetect failures or outages before they occurand the list just goes onwhile human intelligence and expertise is something that we definitely can' do withoutwe need to solve real-world problems at huge scale with efficiency real-world problem at scale consider the following real-world problem you are the manager of world-class infrastructure team for the dss company that provides data science services in the form of cloud based infrastructure and analytical platforms for other businesses and consumers being provider of services and infrastructureyou want your infrastructure to be top-notch and robust to failures and outages considering you are starting out of st louis in small officeyou have good grasp over monitoring all your network devices including routersswitchesfirewallsand load balancers regularly with your team of experienced employees soon you make breakthrough with providing cloud based deep learning services and gpus for development and earn huge profits howevernow you keep getting more and more customers the time has come for expanding your base to offices in san francisconew yorkand boston you have huge connected infrastructure now with hundreds of network devices in each buildinghow will you manage your infrastructure at scale nowdo you hire more manpower for each office or do you try to leverage machine learning to deal with tasks like outage predictionauto-recoveryand device monitoringthink about this for some time from both an engineer as well as manager' point of view traditional programming paradigm computerswhile being extremely sophisticated and complex devicesare just another version of our well known idiot boxthe television"how can that be?is very valid question at this point let' consider television or even one of the so-called smart tvswhich are available these days in theory as well as in practicethe tv will do whatever you program it to do it will show you the channels you want to seerecord the shows you want to view later onand play the applications you want to playthe computer has been doing the exact same thing but in different way traditional programming paradigms basically involve the user or programmer to write set of instructions or operations using code that makes the computer perform specific computations on data to give the desired results figure - depicts typical workflow for traditional programming paradigms