the istitle method returns true if the first character of each word is capitalized and all other characters are lowercase note that it does not strictly enforce the english grammatical definition of title formatting for exampleleigh hunt' poem "the glove and the lionsshould be valid titleeven though not all words are capitalized robert service' "the cremation of sam mcgeeshould also be valid titleeven though there is an uppercase letter in the middle of the last word be careful with the isdigitisdecimaland isnumeric methodsas they are more nuanced than you would expect many unicode characters are considered numbers besides the ten digits we are used to worsethe period character that we use to construct floats from strings is not considered decimal characterso ' isdecimal(returns false the real decimal character is represented by unicode value as in (or \ furtherthese methods do not verify whether the strings are valid numbers returns true for all three methods we might think we should use that decimal character instead of period for all numeric quantitiesbut passing that character into the float(or int(constructor converts that decimal character to zerofloat(' \ ' other methods useful for pattern matching do not return booleans the count method tells us how many times given substring shows up in the stringwhile findindexrfindand rindex tell us the position of given substring within the original string the two ' (for 'rightor 'reverse'methods start searching from the end of the string the find methods return - if the substring can' be foundwhile index raises valueerror in this situation have look at some of these methods in actions "hello worlds count(' ' find(' ' rindex(' 'traceback (most recent call last)file ""line in valueerrorsubstring not found most of the remaining string methods return transformations of the string the upperlowercapitalizeand title methods create new strings with all alphabetic characters in the given format the translate method can use dictionary to map arbitrary input characters to specified output characters