isdigit(interpretation content tests lower(case conversions endswith('spam'end test'spamjoin(strlistdelimiter joins encode('latin- 'unicode encodingb decode('utf 'unicode decodingetc (see table - for in sprint(xiterationmembership 'spamin [ for in smap(ordsre match('sp*)am'linepattern matchinglibrary module beyond the core set of string tools in table - python also supports more advanced pattern-based string processing with the standard library' re (for "regular expression"moduleintroduced in and and even higher-level text processing tools such as xml parsers (discussed briefly in this book' scopethoughis focused on the fundamentals represented by table - to cover the basicsthis begins with an overview of string literal forms and string expressionsthen moves on to look at more advanced tools such as string methods and formatting python comes with many string toolsand we won' look at them all herethe complete story is chronicled in the python library manual and reference books our goal here is to explore enough commonly used tools to give you representative samplemethods we won' see in action herefor exampleare largely analogous to those we will string literals by and largestrings are fairly easy to use in python perhaps the most complicated thing about them is that there are so many ways to write them in your codesingle quotes'spa"mdouble quotes"spa'mtriple quotes''spam '''""spam ""escape sequences" \tp\na\ mraw stringsr" :\new\test spmbytes literals in and (see ) 'sp\ amunicode literals in and (see ) 'eggs\ spam string fundamentals