recent advances in deep learning the image under image segmentation that isinstead of rectangular bounding boxas in object detectionwe would have the actual pixel outline of the object (see figure - figure - image segmentation in computer vision image source instead of the bounding boxwe now have more granular outlines capturing the actual object practical applications of image segmentation include traffic surveillancemedical imagingportrait mode in smartphone cameras (digital mimicking of the bokeh effect--identifying the person to blur the backgroundmodern day smartphones implement semantic image segmentation-identifying objects within the image and further processing them based on the type of object identified for examplea face would be processed for beauty (smoothing blemishes/shadow/etc ) sky would be less focused with the addition of blur effectnature would be color-processed to have vibrant feeland so on