human eyes onlyprior to writing actual code such descriptions are called pseudocode pseudo-code is not computer programbut is more structured than usual prose pseudo-code is mixture of natural language and high-level programming constructs that describe the main ideas behind generic implementation of data structure or algorithm there really is no precise definition ofthe pseudo-code languagehoweverbecause of its reliance on natural language at the same timeto help achieve claritypseudo-code mixes natural language with standard programming language constructs the programming language constructs we choose are those consistent with modern high-level languages such as cc++and java these constructs include the followingexpressionswe use standard mathematical symbols to express numeric and boolean expressions we use the left arrow sign (-as the assignment operator in assignment statements (equivalent to the operator in javaand we use the equal sign (=as the equality relation in boolean expressions (equivalent to the "==relation in javamethod declarationsalgorithm name(param par am declares new method "nameand its parameters decision structuresif condition then true-actions [else false-actionswe use indentation to indicate what actions should be included in the true-actions and false-actions while-loopswhile condition do actions we use indentation to indicate what actions should be included in the loop actions repeat-loopsrepeat actions until condition we use indentation to indicate what actions should be included in the loop actions for-loopsfor variable-increment-definition do actions we use indentation to indicate what actions should be included among the loop actions array indexinga[irepresents the ith cell in the array the cells of an -celled array are indexed from [ to [ (consistent with javamethod callsobject method(args(object is optional if it is understoodmethod returnsreturn value this operation returns the value specified to the method that called this one commentscomment goes here we enclose comments in braces when we write pseudo-codewe must keep in mind that we are writing for human readernot computer thuswe should strive to communicate high-level ideasnot