python' built-in chr(function accepts an integer argument and returns string of the number' character the ord(function does the oppositeit accepts string argument of single character and returns the character' number this number is the code point for the character in the unicode standard for exampleenter the following into the interactive shellchr( 'aord(' ' chr( 'bchr( 'not all numbers are valid code points for printable characters the terminal windows that show the text output of programs may be limited in which characters they can display the font the terminal window uses also must support the character your program prints the terminal window prints unicode replacement characterfor any character it is unable to print windowsterminal window has far more limited range of characters it can display this set is known as the windows glyph list and it appears in this appendix and on wikipedia at windows_glyph_list_ the code points for characters are often listed with base- hexadecimal numberas opposed to the base- decimal numbers we are used to instead of the decimal digits to hexadecimal has the digits to and then continues with the letters to hexadecimal numbers are often written with prefix to denote that the number that follows is in hex you can convert decimal integer value to string of the hexadecimal number with the hex(function you can convert string of the hexadecimal number to decimal integer with the int(functionpassing as the second argument for exampleenter the following into the interactive shellhex( ' hex( ' xahex( ' xfhex( ' hex( ' int(' ' character map