Ilul Henry – René – Albert – Guy DE MAUPASSANT ass n 05 ɣuct 1850 di teɣremt n Miromesnil di Tourville-sur-Arques, ɣer tama n Dieppe, deg Ugafa n Fransa. Imawlan-is msebḍan mi yesɛa 12 n yiseggasen. Yesɛedda temẓi ines taseɛdit d yemma-s deg ugama n La Normandie, anda ixuleḍ at taddart uɣur i d-yessen tameddurt n yifellaḥen d yinsayen nsen. Yekker-d ger lecḍuḍ d lberr, tesḥer-it tugna n waman. Mi meẓẓi, iteddu d yiṣeggaden ɣer ceṭṭ i tegmert, d ilemẓi inehher taflukt deg wasif n La Seine, yessikil deg Ugrakal. Mi yekfa almud-is, ssawlen-as, yelsa d aɛsekri di tallit n umgaru ger Fransa d Lalman. Acḥal d tikelt i d-yebder tirmi-s n tallit-a di tullisin-is anda i d-isugen lfetna ; d lɛada taweḥcit, imenɣan ger yiɣerfan d tifrat n tkerkas ur nettwaqbal. Mi yekfa wemgaru, yexdem deg Weɣlif n tegriwa (la marine), sakkin deg Welmud azayzan (publique) anda yettwali tudert tabiruqratit iɣef iqejjem di lehmum d lɛeqliyyat n yimdanen i yudes di tirawin-is tiseklanin. Ɣas akka, yeqqim d axeddam amedyan ; iquder iman-is, qudren-t yiɣellaten-is. Segmi d-tufrar tullist-is : Takurt n Tassemt (Boule de Suif), MAUPASSANT yebda tira deg yeɣmisen iɣer t-iwelleh Gustave Flaubert i yas-iseknen iɛewwajen n tsekla, yeḥbes seg uxeddim-is akken ad yidir d imserreḥ aḥrur. Bdan-as wuguren n tezmert. Imagraden i yettaru di tɣamsa, uɣalen-as d asluɣmu d tannant i t-yullen ɣef tira. Di temrawt 1880-1890, yura setta wungalen : Une Vie deg 1883 ; Bel-Ami deg 1885 ; Mont-Oriol deg 1887 ; Pierre et Jean deg 1887-1888 ; Fort comme la Mort deg 1889 ; Notre cœur deg 1890 akked 305 ger tullisin d tmucuha. Iweddeb-it waṭan n nnaqsa (névralgie) i yas-isewlellsen allen-is, yerna yesnulfa-yas-d amerɛun, ikemmel-as Syphilis, armi yuɣal yezzer di lweswas, yezga yettwali tamettant-is ; dɣa yeɛreḍ ad ineɣ iman-is weqbel ad t-tekcem tselbi d wekraf armi yemmut ass 06 Yulyu 1893. Yettwamḍel di tenḍelt n Montparnasse s tilin n yimeddukal-is, gar-asen Émile Zola. Timmadit-is (personnalité) MAUPASSANT, isebgen-d tidmi-s ; yebɣa ad yili d ilelli ibeɛden ɣef yikabaren isertanen, ibeɛden ɣef yiɣerbazen iseklanen d yiculen inuẓar (courants artistiques). Ɣas yettunebgat sɣur timetti tunnigt n tallit-is, iḥemmel agama, iḥemmel taywennit (solitude), iɣucc axaleḍ d wuḍan n zzhu n yinesbaɣuren. Yenna deg yiwet si tebṛatin-is : Kra n wemdan yebɣan ad yeḥrez iman-is, ama d tilelli n tekti, taɣawsa, tudert, talsa akked umaḍal s tiṭ n umannay ilelli, ilaq-as ad yebɛed maḍi ɣef yenna-tenna. Ad yebɛed ɣef teflas d tesraḍ yettwawṛaten. Ad yebɛed ɣef uxaleḍ d wassaɣen n tmetti, ayen ? Imi tuccḍa akked leḥmeq, neṭṭḍen amdan s zzerban bla ma ifaq ; ad yaɣ abrid nsen, ad yelḥu deg-s tikli-nsen, ad yettxemmim s ttxamim nsen. Yenneɛtab seg yilem i yas-d-yezzin d wulac n tudert, MAUPASSANT, izdeɣ-it lweswas, hban-t wumran ; d ayen i yas-yekksen asirem n ḥellu. Yenna ɣef waya : « Ẓriɣ gwriɣ-d iman-iw, sserhaben-iyi wuḍan iɣezfanen n tusaft. Yettuneḥsab ɣur-s uḥulfu n teywennit d lmektub, di tedmi-s ur yumin tella leḥmala ger yemdanen ; wa ur ikeccem deg wul n wayeḍ, amsefhem gar-asen d awezɣi. Ayagi, yettban-d di tirawin-is s tmuɣli n layas alqayan ɣef tudert akked tmetti. Taẓuri ines(art): MAUPASSANT, yeɛǧeb-as aṭas Gustave Flaubert, ababat-is aseklan uɣur yelmed asekfel n tilawt s ttfaṣil, yeskad amaḍal i yaɣ-d-yezzin s tmeẓra-s, _ tucmitin d tucbiḥin _ yesɛa tamuɣli tuzzigt (spécifique) ɣef teẓrilawt (réalisme) akked teẓrigama (naturalisme), d win yettxemmimen s tekdit ɣef ugama ideg yettidir, ideg d-yekker, tid i wumi ur ifaq yiwen weqbel-is. Yella d amdan yettḥussun mačči d win yettḥulfun. Yeqqar : « Ɣur-i asugen asemmaḍ ilaw. Ḥemmleɣ ayen ẓerreɣ… ur sɛiɣ ara iman aḥulfan.’’ Taẓuri ines, tezdeɣ asugen ilaw n tɣawsa d tekli n wemdan akked tmetti. Ur yeḥbis ara deg usugen n yal amkan i yudef : agama d yinsayen n yimezdaɣ-is, timetti n Lpari d leɛceq ines, lgirra d lfejɛat-is… Ma d isental-is i d-yettuɣalen s ṭaqqa deg wayen yura, ggten, gar-asen : Tayri d wassaɣen-is, igen d wemgaru, takdit d lexdeɛ, tigullelt d wayla, tamgerḍt d ttaṛ, tagmert d usgunfu, jjiḥ d tlawin, aman d yillel, tamettant d tselbi, atg. Maca, deg waya akk, MAUPASSANT, yemmug am unaẓur ; ur yebɣi ara ad aɣ-d-yesken tugna n tudert, maca ad aɣ-d-ifek tamuɣli-s lqayen yemmden, tin iqerben yettqerriben ɣer tilawt. I wakken ad yaweḍ iswan-is, MAUPASSANT, iseqdec aɣanib asehlan d uweɛran. Tafyirt-is d tafessast tefses d leqniɛa n tudert n yidgan igellem. Maca, isental-is qqnen s initen d yinsayen n Fransa n tallit-is, ladɣa wid n temnaḍt n La Normandie, tikwal yuɛer, neɣ ahat d awezɣi ad yenfali wemdan ɣef tefses yellan akk di tutlayt-a s tutlayt-niḍen. Ayen yura 1850: Talalit n Guy De Maupassant di teɣremt Miromesnil ɣer tama n Dieppe. 1860-1862: Amsefreq n yimawlan n Guy. 1863-1868: D anelmad di tsuddut n yimrabḍen n tmezgida n Yvetot. 1868: Guy, yekcem ɣer tesnawit n Rouen. Yemlal d Louis Bouilhet akked Gustave Flaubert. 1869: Yewwi-d agerdas n baccalauréat di Caen. 1870-1871: Yella deg yigen. 1872: Yekcem s Aɣlif n Tegriwa. 1875: Isuffeɣ-d Afus n Umeslux La Main d’écorché, d tamacahut. 1878: Yekcem s Aɣlif n Uselmed Azayzan. 1880: Yessazreg Takurt n tassemt Boule de Suif akked yisefra. Ɣur-s uguren n tezmert, Yessakel ɣer la corse. 1881: Axxam Tellier La maison Tellier, d amud-is amezwaru n tullisin. Yessakel ɣer Lezzayer. Yebɣa ad ineɣ iman-is segmi wlellsent wallen-is. 1882: Tamsiwt Fifi Mademoiselle Fifi. 1883: Tameddurt Une Vie’’, timucuha n Uɣbub Contes de la Bécasse. Talalit n mmi-s amenzu. 1884: Asizreg n Tamsiwt Harriet Mademoiselle Harriet ; Tiyessetmatin Rondoli Les sœurs Rondoli ; I Yiṭij Au Soleil, d aɣmis ; Tiziri Claire de Lune; talalit n yelli-s. 1885: Timucuha n wass akked yiḍ Contes du jour et de la nuit ; Bel-Ami. Yessakel daɣen ɣer la Corse. 1886: Mass Parent Monsieur Parent; Tasegdalt Tamecṭuḥt La Petite Roque; Mont-Oriol (ungal s yeḥricen). Yessakel ɣer tmurt n Legliz. 1887: Le Horla ; ungal Pierre et Jean. Talalit n yelli-s tis-snat. 1888: Amgud n Ujeǧǧig n Massa Husson ‘‘Le Rosier de Madame Husson’’, Ɣef Waman ‘‘Sur l’Eau ; d iɣmisen n usikel. 1889: Afus azelmaḍ La Main gauche ; ungal Tuɛer am tmettant Fort comme la Mort. 1890: Ul nneɣ Notre cœur; Tameddurt taglawant La Vie errante; Tafulki tarumɛint L’Inutile Beauté. 1891: Yeɣli d amuḍin. 1892: Yebɣa ad ineɣ iman-is. 1893: Talwit n twacult La paix du ménage, d tamezgunt ; Tamettant-is ass n 16 Yulyu. 1945: Tamezgunt tawdiɛt (posthume) Ɣer yifer n ujeǧǧig, axxam aṭurki À la feuille de rose, maison turque, yura-tt deg useggas 1875.