Arxmides neɣ Arcimides (s tagrikit taqburt : Ἀρχιμήδης, s talatint : Archimedes), illul deg ahat 287 Uqbel Ɛisa deg Sičilya, yemmut deg 212/211 Uqbel Ɛisa deg Sičilya daɣen, d amusnak ed amesnulfu i mucaɛen maḍi deg Legrik tagelsant. Tudert Arxmides yezdeɣ tuget n tudert-is deg Syrakusa (d tamdint tagrikit meqqren akk deg Sičilya), anda yella d imqerreb n ugellid-is Hieron II. Yella icɣel-d d inadiyen ussnan deg waṭas n taɣulin em tanzeggit, tasengama ed tmikanikt. Yella yetturar tamlilt d taxatart deg aḥuddu n Syrakusa mgal yirumyen deg 213 Üqbel Ɛisa (yebna tinaεurin n ṭṭrad), deffir irumyen kecmen ɣar Syrakusa deg 212 neɣ 211 Uqbel Ɛisa, irumyen i t-yenɣan Arxmides deg tamdint-is. Ayen yexdem Arxmides yufa-d wassaɣ ger tajumma ed ubleɣ n takurt ed awlellu-is, yufa-d daɣen umenzay n Arxmides ed tafetlit n Arxmides. Ɣef takurt ed awlellu Deg sin n yidlisen Arxmides yessken : Tajumma n ayen tellan takurt (aqqaṛ-is r {\displaystyle r} ) teɛdil uqus (rebɛa) tikkelt n tajumma n tawinest-is tameqqerant : ( 4 π r 2 {\displaystyle 4\pi r^{2}\,} ). Ableɣ n takurt yeɛdil sin n ttlut ( 2 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {2}{3}}} ) n ubleɣ n awlellu-is : 4 3 π r 3 {\displaystyle {\frac {4}{3}}\pi r^{3}} . Ableɣ n awlellu (i yesɛan llsas-is yeɛdil tawinest tameqqerant n takurt, ed asawen-is yeɛdel ukdu n takurt-nni) d yeɛdel kraḍ tikkelt azgen ( 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}} ) n ubleɣ n takurt-nni, ed tajumma n awlellu-nni teɛdel daɣen kraḍ tikkelt azgen ( 3 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {3}{2}}} ) n tajumma n takurt-nni. Umenzay n Arxmides Asaḍuf n tasengama ad d-teskan : anda tella tafekka yebbeẓ (uzgen neɣ merra) deg amazzal neɣ lgaz, ittemlili-d tadusi s ukessar ɣer usawen, teɛdel azuk n umazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes s tafekka-nni, ed ableɣ n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes yeɛdel ubleɣ n tafekka-nni,. F a {\displaystyle F_{a}} : tadusi n itekk-d nnig amazzal. ρ {\displaystyle \rho } : tneẓẓi. g {\displaystyle g} : ameɣlal n tajebda. V {\displaystyle V} : ableɣ n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes. ρ = m / V {\displaystyle \rho =m/V} ⇒ m = ρ V {\displaystyle m=\rho V} ⇒ F a = m a g {\displaystyle F_{a}=m_{a}g} ; akked m a {\displaystyle m_{a}} : tneẓẓi n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes. ⇒ m a g = W {\displaystyle m_{a}g=W} ; akked W {\displaystyle W} : azuk n amazzal neɣ lgaz wi yettwakkes. Tafetlit n Arxmides Arxmides i d-yesnulfan tafetlit-is (tafetlit n Arxmides); d tnaεurt tella i wakken ad tessnekreḍ aman, d yiwent seg talɣiwin n ujeɛbub deg-s talɣa n tafetlit yekna akked tiɣmeṛt n ahat 45 n tfesniwin (45°) yebbeɣ deg waman ɣer yixef-is amedda. Amussu n tnaεurt-nni yessuli aman deg ujeɛbub. == Tizmilin ==