inlays opened for the first time the possibility to produce tooth-colored anterior restorations and thus initiated the era of esthetic dentistry. At that time fillings were usually made of gold in the anterior region. For the production and distribution of "Jenkins Porcelain Enamel" he founded the manufactory Klewe & Co. His personal friend, a certain Samuel Langhorne Clemens bought the manufacturing and distribution rights for the US market. This man became known by his pseudonym as the writer Mark Twain. Development of the toothpaste Kolynos Together with Willoughby D. Miller, who set up in 1890 the pioneering and still valid theory that bacteria of the oral flora degrade carbohydrates to acids, that damage the enamel and allow bacteria to access and destroy the dentin by caries, Jenkins developed a toothpaste and named it Kolynos, the first toothpaste containing disinfectants. The name´s origin is Greek Kolyo nosos (κωλύω νόσος), meaning "disease prevention". Numerous attempts to produce the toothpaste by pharmacists in Europe were uneconomic. After returning to the US, he continued experimenting with Harry Ward Foote (1875-1942), professor of chemistry at Sheffield Chemical Laboratory of Yale University. After 17 years of development of Kolynos and clinical trials Jenkins retired and transferred the production and distribution to his son Leonard A. Jenkins, who brought the first toothpaste tubes on the market on April 13, 1908. Within a few years the company expanded in North America, Latin America, Europe and the Far East. A branch operation opened in 1909 in London. In 1937 Kolynos was produced in 22 countries and sold in 88 countries. In recent times Kolynos is widespread mainly in South America and in Hungary. Colgate-Palmolive took over the product of American Home Products in 1995 at a cost of one billion US dollars. Selected publications Reminiscences of Newell Sill Jenkins, archive.org. Newell Sill Jenkins, Porcelain Enamel Inlays. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 40, Issue 8, August, 1898, pp. 633–635. Newell Sill Jenkins, Porcelain Enamel Inlays. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 41, Issue 9, September, 1899, pp. 888–892. Newell Sill Jenkins, Porcelain Enamel Inlays. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 42, Issue 11, November, 1900, pp. 1109–1111. Newell Sill Jenkins, Porcelain Enamel. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 44, Issue 5, May, 1902, pp. 456–458. Newell Sill Jenkins, The Porcelain Inlay in Europe. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 58, Issue 3, March, 1916, pp. 269–272. A. F. Brosius, Porcelain, with Special Consideration of Jenkins' Inlay Porcelain. Collection: Dental Cosmos, Volume 54, Issue 2, February, 1912, pp. 243–244. References Category:American dentists Category:1840 births Category:1919 deaths