Slow Food Slow Food is an organization that promotes local food and traditional cooking. It was founded by Carlo Petrini in Italy in 1986 and has since spread worldwide. Promoted as an alternative to fast food, it strives to preserve traditional and regional cuisine and encourages farming of plants, seeds, and livestock characteristic of the local ecosystem. It was the first established part of the broader slow movement. Its goals of sustainable foods and promotion of local small businesses are paralleled by a political agenda directed against globalization of agricultural products. Organization Slow Food began in Italy with the founding of its forerunner organization, Agricola, in 1986 to resist the opening of a McDonald's near the Spanish Steps in Rome. In 1989, the founding manifesto of the international Slow Food movement was signed in Paris, France, by delegates from 15 countries. At its heart is the aim to promote local foods and traditional gastronomy and food production. Conversely, this means an opposition to fast food, industrial food production, and globalization. The Slow Food organisation has expanded to include over 100,000 members, with branches in over 150 countries. Over 1,300 local convivia chapters exist. About 360 convivia in Italy—to which the name condotta (singular) / condotte (plural) applies—are composed of 35,000 members, along with 450 other regional chapters around the world. The organisational structure is decentralised: each convivium has a leader who is responsible for promoting local artisans, local farmers, and local flavors through regional events such as Taste Workshops, wine tastings, and farmers' markets. Offices have been opened in Switzerland (1995), Germany (1998), New York City (2000), France (2003), Japan (2005), the United Kingdom, and Chile. Global headquarters are located in Bra, near Turin, Italy. Numerous publications are put out by the organisation, in several languages around the world. Recent efforts at publicity include the world's largest food and wine fair, the Salone del Gusto in Turin, a biennial cheese fair in Bra called Cheese, the Genoan fish festival called SlowFish, and Turin's Terra Madre ("Mother Earth") world meeting of food communities. In 2004, Slow Food opened a University of Gastronomic Sciences at Pollenzo, in Piedmont, and Colorno, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The Colorno branch has since been closed and transferred to Pollenzo. Carlo Petrini and Massimo Montanari are the leading figures in the creation of the university, whose goal is to promote awareness of good food and nutrition. Objectives Slow Food incorporates a series of objectives within its mission, including: developing an "Ark of Taste" for each ecoregion, where local culinary traditions and foods are celebrated creating "Praesidia" grassroots organizations to promote slow foods to the public forming and sustaining seed banks to preserve heirloom varieties in cooperation with local food systems preserving and promoting local and traditional food products, along with their lore and preparation organizing small-scale processing (including facilities for slaughtering and short run products) organizing celebrations of local cuisine within regions (for example, the Feast of Fields held in some cities in Canada) promoting "taste education" educating consumers about the risks of fast food educating citizens about the drawbacks of commercial agribusiness and factory farms educating citizens about the risks of monoculture and reliance on too few genomes or varieties developing various political programmes to preserve family farms lobbying for the inclusion of organic farming concerns within agricultural policy lobbying against government funding of genetic engineering lobbying against the use of pesticides teaching gardening skills to students and prisoners encouraging ethical buying in local marketplaces Founder and President Carlo Petrini, believes "everyone has the right to good, clean, and fair food." Good, meaning a high quality product