Black ice
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Black ice (disambiguation).
Warning sign for icy pavement in Quebec, Canada
Black ice, sometimes called clear ice, is a thin coating of glaze ice on a surface, especially on roads. The ice itself is not black, but visually transparent, allowing the often black road below to be seen through it. The typically low levels of noticeable ice pellets, snow, or sleet surrounding black ice means that areas of the ice are often practically invisible to drivers or people stepping on it. There is, thus, a risk of skidding and subsequent accident due to the unexpected loss of traction.
Contents
[hide]
1 Definitions
2 Formation
2.1 On roads and pavements
2.2 On bridges
2.2.1 Problems on I-35W Mississippi River bridge
2.3 On water
2.4 In mountains
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Definitions[edit]
The term black ice in the United States is often incorrectly used to describe any type of ice that forms on roadways, even when standing water on roads turns to ice as the temperature falls below freezing. Correctly defined, black ice is formed on relatively dry roads, rendering it invisible to drivers. It occurs when in the textures present in all pavements very slightly below the top of the road surface contain water or moisture, thereby presenting a dry surface to tires until that water or moisture freezes and expands; drivers then find they are riding above the road surface on a honeycombed invisible sheet of ice.
Three other definitions of black ice by the World Meteorological Organization are:[1]
A thin ice layer on a fresh or salt water body which appears dark in colour because of its transparency;
A mariner's term for a dreaded form of icing sometimes sufficiently heavy to capsize a small ship;
Another term for ice on rocks in the mountains known equally as verglas (glaze ice).
Formation[edit]
On roads and pavements[edit]
The American Meteorological Society Glossary of Meteorology includes the definition of black ice as "a thin sheet of ice, relatively dark in appearance, [that] may form when light rain or drizzle falls on a road surface that is at a temperature below 0 °C (32 °F)."[2] Because it represents only a thin accumulation, black ice is highly transparent and thus difficult to see as compared with snow, frozen slush, or thicker ice layers. In addition, it often is interleaved with wet pavement, which is nearly identical in appearance. This makes driving, cycling or walking on affected surfaces extremely dangerous. Deicing with salt (sodium chloride) is effective down to temperatures of about −18 °C (0 °F). Other compounds such as magnesium chloride or calcium chloride have been used for very cold temperatures since the freezing-point depression of their solutions is lower.
At low temperatures (below −18 °C [0 °F]), black ice can form on roadways when the moisture from automobile exhaust condenses on the road surface.[3] Such conditions caused multiple accidents in Minnesota when the temperatures dipped below −18 °C (0 °F) for a prolonged period of time in mid-December 2008.[4] Salt's ineffectiveness at melting ice at these temperatures compounds the problem. Black ice may form even when the ambient temperature is several degrees above the freezing point of water 0 °C (32 °F), if the air warms suddenly after a prolonged cold spell that has left the surface of the roadway well below the freezing point temperature.
On December 1, 2013, heavy post-Thanksgiving weekend traffic encountered black ice on the westbound I-290 expressway in Worcester, Massachusetts. A chain reaction series of crashes resulted, involving three tractor-trailers and over 60 other vehicles. The ice formed suddenly on a long downward slope, surprising drivers coming over the crest of a hill, who could not see crashed vehicles ahead until it was too late to stop on the slick pavement.[5]
On bridges[edit]
Warning sign for bridge on US turnpike
Bridges and overpasses can be especially dangerous. Black ice forms first on bridges and overpasses because air can circulate both above and below the surface of the elevated roadway when the ambient temperature drops, causing the bridge pavement temperature to fall more rapidly.[6]
In the United States, road warning signs with the advisory "Bridge May Be Icy" indicate potentially dangerous roadways above bridge structures.
Similar road signs exists throughout Canada, but warnings sometimes appear without words to comply to bilingual requirements. The Canadian sign features a vehicle with skid marks and snow flakes. The same sign's official and undisclosed description is defined as "Pavement is slippery when wet".[7]
Additional signs may be attached with various different wording in Canadian provinces that do not have bilingual requirements:
Bridge Ices
Slippery When Wet
Road Ices
Slippery When Frosty
Icy Bridge Deck
Bridge Ices Before Road
Problems on I-35W Mississippi River bridge[edit]
See also: I-35W Mississippi River bridge
The I-35W Mississippi River bridge seen from below in 2006
The I-35W Mississippi River bridge in Minneapolis, Minnesota, was well known for its black ice before it collapsed in 2007 into the Mississippi River. It had caused several pileups during its 40-year life. On December 19, 1985, the temperature reached −34 °C (−29 °F). Cars crossing the bridge experienced black ice and there was a massive pile up of crashed vehicles on the bridge on the northbound side. In February and in December 1996, the bridge was identified as the single most treacherous cold-weather spot in the local freeway system, because of the almost frictionless thin layer of black ice that regularly formed when temperatures dropped below freezing. The bridge's proximity to Saint Anthony Falls contributed significantly to the icing problem and the site was noted for frequent spinouts and collisions.[8][9]
By January 1999, Mn/DOT began testing magnesium chloride solutions and a mixture of magnesium chloride and a corn-processing byproduct to see whether either would reduce the black ice that appeared on the bridge during the winter months.[10] In October 1999, the state embedded temperature-activated nozzles in the bridge deck to spray the bridge with potassium acetate solution to keep the area free of winter black ice.[11][12] The system came into operation in 2000.[13][14]
While the automated de-icing system prevented further major multi-vehicle collisions, it may have contributed to the collapse of the I-35W bridge, due to accelerated corrosion of the structure.[15]
On water[edit]
Main article: Congelation ice
Black ice on a canal in the Netherlands
When the temperature is below freezing and the wind is calm, such as under a high atmospheric pressure at night in the fall, a thin layer of ice will form over open water of a lake. If the depth of the body of water is large enough, its color is black and can be seen through the ice, thus the name black ice.
Ice can also be formed by seawater spray and water vapour freezing upon contact with a vessel's superstructure when temperature is low enough. Ice formed in this manner is known as rime.[16] As the formation progress, the aboveboard weight of the vessel increases and may ultimately cause capsizing. Furthermore, rime ice may impede the correct functioning of important navigational instruments on board, such as radar or radio installations. Different strategies for the removal of such ice are employed: chipping away the ice or even using fire hoses in an attempt to remove the ice.
In mountains[edit]
Main article: Glaze ice
Black ice is a great hazard for climbers and scramblers. Cold weather is common at high altitudes, and black ice quickly forms on rock surfaces. Loss of traction is as sudden and unexpected as on a pavement or road, but can be fatal if the rock is in an exposed position with a drop below. An ice-axe and crampons are essential use in such circumstances as they will help to prevent a fall, and a belay rope will help to arrest a fall.
See also[edit]
winter portal
Clear ice
Congelation ice
Freezing rain
Freezing-point depression
Glaze ice
Jumble ice
Road traffic accident
Sand
Sodium chloride
References[edit]
Jump up ^ World Meteorological Organization. "Black Ice". Eumetcal. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
Jump up ^ "AMS Glossary: Black ice". Amsglossary.allenpress.com. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Is there really such a thing as black ice?". Retrieved December 22, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Black ice causes treacherous driving conditions in metro". KARE 11 TV. Retrieved December 22, 2008. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Abel, David (December 2, 2013). "On busy travel day, black ice led to massive pileup in Worcester". Boston Globe. Retrieved December 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ Jeffrey Selingo (December 13, 2001), "How it works: Black ice", The New York Times
Jump up ^ "Driver's Handbook". Retrieved December 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Blake, Laurie. (February 3, 1996) Star Tribune February deep freeze. Black ice makes I-35W bridge treacherous. Section: news; Page 10A.
Jump up ^ von Sternberg, Bob. (December 27, 1996) Star Tribune Minnesota is one big deep freeze. What is the sound of a cold record shattering? It's the sound of silence from dead motors, of crumpling metal on icy roads, of resigned grumbling. But take heart — it will warm up. Section News; page 1A.
Jump up ^ Blake, Laurie. (January 21, 1999) Star Tribune State hopes to speed up north-metro lane project. But it clashes with Met Council over whether addition to interstate should be for car pools. Section news; Page 2B.
Jump up ^ Blake, Laurie. (October 19, 1999) Star Tribune I-35W bridge getting de-icer system. Unit will target ice before it can form. Section news; Page 1A.
Jump up ^ "I-35W & Mississippi River Bridge Anti-Icing Project" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 5, 2011.
Jump up ^ Blake, Laurie. (January 13, 2000) Star Tribune Met Council will survey our citizens' travel habits. Study will include trip numbers and times, speed of drivers and waits at ramp meters. Section news; Page 2B.
Jump up ^ Blake, Laurie. (February 3, 2000) Star Tribune Richfield may face traffic challenges; How will I-494 accommodate Best Buy's 5,000 commuters? Section news, page 2B.
Jump up ^ "De-Icing Chemical May Have Corroded 35W Bridge". Archived from the original on November 13, 2007. Retrieved September 10, 2007.
Jump up ^ National Weather Service. "Rime ice". NOAA. Retrieved November 28, 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black ice.
Look up black ice in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Is there really such a thing as black ice?, from the Straight Dope staff
[show]
v
t
e
Ice
the solid state of water
Crystalline types
Ih
Ic
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
Formations and
phenomena
Amorphous solid
Anchor
Black
Clathrate hydrates
Cap
Cave
Circle or disc
Clear
Crystals
Dam (roof)
Diamond dust
Drift
Dune
Field
Firn
Fog
Frazil
Frost
Frost heave
Frost flower (sea ice)
Glacier
Glaze
Hair ice
Iceberg (calving)
Icicle
Jacking
Jam
Nucleus
Sheet
Shove
Spike
Stalactites
Macroscopic quantum phenomena
Névé
Needle
Rime
hard
soft
Sea
Slurry
Slush
Storm
Ice-related
activities
Bathing
Blasting
Blocking
Climbing
Fishing
Rafting
Sculpture
Skating
Sports
Bandy
Boating / yachting
Cricket
Curling
Cycling
Figure skating
Hockey
Racing
Tour skating
Constructions
Bar
Bridge
Hotel
Igloo
Palace
Pier
Pykrete
Road
Work
Cutting
Icebox
Icehouse
Iceman (occupation)
Pick
Trade
Other uses
Chips
Core
Cream
Cube
Pack
Ice ages
Glaciology
Little Ice Age
Pleistocene
Category
Wikimedia Commons
Wiktionary
[show]
v
t
e
Streets and roadways
Types of road
Limited-access
Freeway / Motorway
Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway
Elevated highway
By country
Australia
Brazil
China
Croatia
Czech Republic
Germany
Greece
Hong Kong
India
Ireland
Italy
Pakistan
Portugal
Spain
United Kingdom
United States
Main roads
Arterial road
Collector road
County highway
Express-collector setup
Farm-to-market road
Highway
Link road
Two-lane expressway
2+1 road
2+2 road
Parkway
Super two
Trunk road
Highway systems by country
Local roads
Alley
Backroad
Bicycle boulevard
Boulevard
Country lane
Dead end
Driveway
Frontage road
Green lane
Main street
Primitive road
Road
Side road
Single carriageway
Single-track road
Street
Sunken lane
Other terms
Channelization
Concurrency
Detour
Hierarchy of roads
Private highway
Route number
Special route
Business route
Street hierarchy
Toll road
Road junctions
Interchanges
(grade-separated)
Cloverleaf
Diamond
Free-flow
Directional T
Diverging diamond
Parclo
Raindrop
Roundabout
Single-point urban (SPUI)
Stack
Three-level diamond
Trumpet
Intersections
(at-grade)
3-way junction
Bowtie
Box junction
Continuous flow
Hook turn
Jughandle
Michigan left
Offset T-intersection
Protected intersection
Quadrant roadway
Right-in/right-out (RIRO)
Roundabout
Seagull intersection
Split intersection
Superstreet
Texas U-turn
Traffic circle
Turnaround
Surfaces
Asphalt concrete
Bioasphalt
Brick
Chipseal
Cobblestone
Concrete
Reinforced concrete
Corduroy
Crocodile cracking
Crushed stone
Diamond grinding of pavement
Dirt
Full depth recycling
Glassphalt
Gravel
Ice
Macadam
Pavement milling
Permeable
Plank
Rubberized asphalt
Sealcoat
Sett
Stamped asphalt
Tarmac
Texture
Road hazards
Aquaplaning
Black ice
Bleeding
Crosswind
Dead Man's Curve
Expansion joint
Fog
Ford
Hairpin turn
Level crossing
Manhole cover
Oil spill
Oversize load
Pothole
Road debris
Road slipperiness
Road train
Roadkill
Rockfall
Rut
Speed bump
Storm drain
Washboarding
Washout
Whiteout
Space and time allocation
Barrier transfer machine
Bicycle lane
Climbing lane
Complete streets
Contraflow lane
Contraflow lane reversal
High-occupancy toll lane
High-occupancy vehicle lane
Lane
Living street
Managed lane
Median / Central reservation
Motorcycle lane
Passing lane
Pedestrian crossing
Pedestrian zone
Refuge island
Reversible lane
Road diet
Road verge
Runaway truck ramp
Shared space
Sidewalk / Pavement
Shoulder
Street running railway
Traffic calming
Traffic directionality
Traffic island
Traffic lanes
Traffic signal preemption
Unused highway
Wide outside lane
Woonerf
Demarcation
Bollard
Botts' dots
Cable barrier
Cat's eye (road)
Concrete step barrier
Constant-slope barrier
Curb
F-Shape barrier
Guard rail
Jersey barrier
Kassel kerb
Noise barrier
Raised pavement marker
Road surface marking
Rumble strip
Traffic barrier
Traffic cone
Structures
Bridge
Causeway
Overpass / Flyover
Underpass / Tunnel
Glossary of road transport terms
Road types by features
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&oldid=833263142"
Categories:
Snow or ice weather phenomena
Water ice
Precipitation
Weather hazards
Road hazards
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from July 2017
Articles with permanently dead external links
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)‎
Български
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
Latviešu
Lietuvių
日本語
Polski
Português
Русский
Саха тыла
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
Žemaitėška
中文
21 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 30 March 2018, at 15:11.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

div
id class
mw-page-base noprint
html
local
div
id class
mw-head-base noprint
html
local
a
id
top
html
local
div
id class
siteNotice centralNotice mw-body-content
html
local
div
class
mw-indicators mw-body-content
html
local
h1
id class lang
firstHeading firstHeading en
html
local
div
id class
siteSub noprint
html
local
div
id
contentSub
html
local
a
href
#mw-head
html
local
a
href
#p-search
html
local
div
id class
jump-to-nav mw-jump
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Black_ice_(disambiguation) mw-disambig Black ice (disambiguation)
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg/220px-Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg 220 165 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg/330px-Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg/440px-Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg 2x 3072 2304
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:Panneau_routier_Qu%C3%A9bec_gel_au_sol_-_Gasp%C3%A9.jpg internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
magnify
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Quebec Quebec
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Canada Canada
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:222px;
html
local
b
html
local
b
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glaze_(ice) Glaze (ice)
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Transparency_(optics) mw-redirect Transparency (optics)
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
h2
html
local
a
role tabindex class
button 0 togglelink
html
local
span
class
toctoggle
html
local
div
class dir xml:lang
toctitle ltr en
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Definitions
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-1
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Formation
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#On_roads_and_pavements
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-3
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#On_bridges
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Problems_on_I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge
html
local
li
class
toclevel-3 tocsection-5
html
local
ul
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-4
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#On_water
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-6
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#In_mountains
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-7
html
local
ul
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-2
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#See_also
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-8
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#References
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-9
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#External_links
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-10
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
toc toc
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Definitions
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=1 Edit section: Definitions
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
i
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization World Meteorological Organization
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-1
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-1 reference
html
local
p
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
i
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Glaze_ice mw-redirect Glaze ice
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Formation
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=2 Edit section: Formation
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline On_roads_and_pavements
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=3 Edit section: On roads and pavements
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/American_Meteorological_Society American Meteorological Society
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-AMS-2
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-AMS_2-0 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Snow Snow
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Slush Slush
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Deicing Deicing
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Salt Salt
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sodium_chloride Sodium chloride
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Magnesium_chloride Magnesium chloride
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Calcium_chloride Calcium chloride
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Freezing-point_depression Freezing-point depression
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-3
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-3 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Minnesota Minnesota
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-4
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-4 reference
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/De-ice#Roadways mw-redirect De-ice
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ambient_temperature mw-redirect Ambient temperature
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Melting_point Melting point
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Water Water
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Worcester,_Massachusetts Worcester, Massachusetts
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Chain_reaction Chain reaction
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Tractor-trailer mw-redirect Tractor-trailer
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Abel-5
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Abel_5-0 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline On_bridges
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=4 Edit section: On bridges
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Icyroadbridge.JPG/220px-Icyroadbridge.JPG 220 165 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Icyroadbridge.JPG/330px-Icyroadbridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Icyroadbridge.JPG/440px-Icyroadbridge.JPG 2x 2592 1944
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:Icyroadbridge.JPG image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:Icyroadbridge.JPG internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption magnify
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:222px;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Overpass Overpass
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ambient_temperature mw-redirect Ambient temperature
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-6
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-6 reference
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Canada Canada
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-7
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-7 reference
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Problems_on_I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=5 Edit section: Problems on I-35W Mississippi River bridge
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h4
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge I-35W Mississippi River bridge
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
bridge painted green seen from the Mississippi bank //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg/170px-I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg 170 227 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg/255px-I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg/340px-I-35W_Bridge_-_April%2C_2006.jpg 2x 375 500
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:I-35W_Bridge_-_April,_2006.jpg image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:I-35W_Bridge_-_April,_2006.jpg internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
magnify
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge I-35W Mississippi River bridge
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:172px;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/I-35W_Mississippi_River_bridge I-35W Mississippi River bridge
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Pileup mw-redirect Pileup
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Saint_Anthony_Falls Saint Anthony Falls
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-8
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-8 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-9
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-9 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Magnesium_chloride Magnesium chloride
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-10
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-10 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Potassium_acetate Potassium acetate
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-11
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-11 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-12
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-12 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-13
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-13 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-14
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-14 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/De-icing mw-redirect De-icing
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Corrosion Corrosion
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-15
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-15 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline On_water
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=6 Edit section: On water
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Congelation_ice Congelation ice
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Black_ice_river.jpg/220px-Black_ice_river.jpg 220 165 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Black_ice_river.jpg/330px-Black_ice_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Black_ice_river.jpg/440px-Black_ice_river.jpg 2x 2816 2112
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:Black_ice_river.jpg image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:Black_ice_river.jpg internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
magnify
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Netherlands Netherlands
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:222px;
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Seawater Seawater
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Superstructure Superstructure
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hard_rime Hard rime
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-16
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-16 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Capsizing Capsizing
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Radar Radar
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline In_mountains
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=7 Edit section: In mountains
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Glaze_ice mw-redirect Glaze ice
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Climbing Climbing
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Scrambling Scrambling
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice-axe mw-redirect Ice-axe
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Crampons Crampons
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Belay mw-redirect Belay
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline See_also
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=8 Edit section: See also
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 32 28 noviewer //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x 32 28
html
local
span
style
display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Winter Portal:Winter
html
local
span
style
display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle
html
local
li
style
display:table-row
html
local
ul
style
display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:#f9f9f9;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold
html
local
div
role aria-label class style
navigation Portals noprint portal plainlist tright margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Clear_ice Clear ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Congelation_ice Congelation ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Freezing_rain Freezing rain
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Freezing-point_depression Freezing-point depression
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Glaze_ice mw-redirect Glaze ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Jumble_ice Jumble ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Road_traffic_accident mw-redirect Road traffic accident
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sand Sand
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sodium_chloride Sodium chloride
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class style
div-col columns column-count column-count-2 -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline References
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=9 Edit section: References
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-1
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20131203010739/http://www.eumetcal.org/resources/ukmeteocal/rapid_cyclo/www/english/glossary/blackice.htm
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.eumetcal.org/resources/ukmeteocal/rapid_cyclo/www/english/glossary/blackice.htm
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+Ice&rft.pub=Eumetcal&rft.au=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eumetcal.org%2Fresources%2Fukmeteocal%2Frapid_cyclo%2Fwww%2Fenglish%2Fglossary%2Fblackice.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-1
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-AMS_2-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://glossary.ametsoc.org/wiki/Black_ice
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AMS+Glossary%3A+Black+ice&rft.pub=Amsglossary.allenpress.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglossary.ametsoc.org%2Fwiki%2FBlack_ice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-AMS-2
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-3
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2016/is-there-really-such-a-thing-as-black-ice
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Is+there+really+such+a+thing+as+black+ice%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.straightdope.com%2Fcolumns%2Fread%2F2016%2Fis-there-really-such-a-thing-as-black-ice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-3
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-4
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://m.kare11.com/news.jsp?key=96528&rc=lo
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+ice+causes+treacherous+driving+conditions+in+metro&rft.pub=KARE+11+TV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.kare11.com%2Fnews.jsp%3Fkey%3D96528%26rc%3Dlo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
title
 Dead link since July 2017
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot Wikipedia:Link rot
html
local
i
html
local
span
style
white-space: nowrap;
html
local
sup
class
noprint Inline-Template
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-4
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Abel_5-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/12/02/icy-roads-lead-vehicle-crash-worcester/oYuQa0J96S8qRykY1a9AyM/story.html
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Boston_Globe mw-redirect Boston Globe
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation news
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=On+busy+travel+day%2C+black+ice+led+to+massive+pileup+in+Worcester&rft.date=2013-12-02&rft.aulast=Abel&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bostonglobe.com%2Fmetro%2F2013%2F12%2F02%2Ficy-roads-lead-vehicle-crash-worcester%2FoYuQa0J96S8qRykY1a9AyM%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Abel-5
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-6
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/13/technology/how-it-works-black-ice-wise-bridge-repelling-the-foe-before-it-forms.html
html
local
i
html
local
cite
id class
CITEREFJeffrey_Selingo2001 citation
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+it+works%3A+Black+ice&rft.date=2001-12-13&rft.au=Jeffrey+Selingo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F12%2F13%2Ftechnology%2Fhow-it-works-black-ice-wise-bridge-repelling-the-foe-before-it-forms.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-6
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-7
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.mto.gov.on.ca/english/dandv/driver/handbook/section3.1.3.shtml
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Driver%27s+Handbook&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mto.gov.on.ca%2Fenglish%2Fdandv%2Fdriver%2Fhandbook%2Fsection3.1.3.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-7
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-8
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-62624323.html
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-8
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-9
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-9
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-10
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-10
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-11
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-11
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-12
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20111005050312/http://www.dot.state.mn.us/metro/maintenance/Anti-icing%20evaluation.pdf
html
local
span
style
font-size:85%;
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.dot.state.mn.us/metro/maintenance/Anti-icing%20evaluation.pdf
html
local
span
style
font-size:85%;
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I-35W+%26+Mississippi+River+Bridge+Anti-Icing+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dot.state.mn.us%2Fmetro%2Fmaintenance%2FAnti-icing%2520evaluation.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-12
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-13
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-13
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-14
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Star_Tribune Star Tribune
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-14
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-15
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20071113230930/http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_236182444.html
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://wcco.com/topstories/local_story_236182444.html
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=De-Icing+Chemical+May+Have+Corroded+35W+Bridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwcco.com%2Ftopstories%2Flocal_story_236182444.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-15
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-16
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://w1.weather.gov/glossary/index.php?letter=r
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/NOAA mw-redirect NOAA
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rime+ice&rft.pub=NOAA&rft.au=National+Weather+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fw1.weather.gov%2Fglossary%2Findex.php%3Fletter%3Dr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlack+ice Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-16
html
local
ol
class
references
html
local
div
class style
reflist columns references-column-width -moz-column-width: 33em; -webkit-column-width: 33em; column-width: 33em; list-style-type: decimal;
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline External_links
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit&section=10 Edit section: External links
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 30 40 noviewer //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x 1024 1376
html
local
td
class
mbox-image
html
local
a
href class title
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Black_ice extiw commons:Category:Black ice
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
td
class
mbox-text plainlist
html
local
tr
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
role class style
presentation mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 40 40 noviewer //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x 391 391
html
local
td
class
mbox-image
html
local
a
href class title
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/black_ice extiw wiktionary:Special:Search/black ice
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
td
class
mbox-text plainlist
html
local
tr
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
role class style
presentation mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.straightdope.com/mailbag/mblackice.html
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Straight_Dope mw-redirect Straight Dope
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
a
id href
collapseButton0 #
html
local
span
class
collapseButton
html
local
abbr
title style
View this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Template:Ice Template:Ice
html
local
li
class
nv-view
html
local
abbr
title style
Discuss this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Template_talk:Ice Template talk:Ice
html
local
li
class
nv-talk
html
local
abbr
title style
Edit this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
class href
external text //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Ice&action=edit
html
local
li
class
nv-edit
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
plainlinks hlist navbar mini
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice Ice
html
local
div
id style
Ice font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
html
local
th
scope class colspan
col navbox-title 2
html
local
tr
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Solid Solid
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/State_of_matter State of matter
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Water Water
html
local
div
html
local
td
class colspan
navbox-abovebelow 2
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice#Phases Ice
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
span
style
font-size:90%;
html
local
span
style
position: relative; top: 0.2em;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_Ih Ice Ih
html
local
li
html
local
span
style
font-size:90%;
html
local
span
style
position: relative; top: 0.2em;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_Ic Ice Ic
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_II Ice II
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_III Ice III
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice_IV mw-redirect Ice IV
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_V Ice V
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice_VI mw-redirect Ice VI
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_VII Ice VII
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_VIII Ice VIII
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_IX Ice IX
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice_X mw-redirect Ice X
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_XI Ice XI
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_XII Ice XII
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice_XIII mw-redirect Ice XIII
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ice_XIV mw-redirect Ice XIV
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_XV Ice XV
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_XVI Ice XVI
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
br
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Amorphous_ice Amorphous ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Anchor_ice Anchor ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
class
mw-selflink selflink
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Clathrate_hydrate Clathrate hydrate
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cap Ice cap
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cave Ice cave
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_circle Ice circle
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Clear_ice Clear ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_crystals Ice crystals
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_dam_(roof) Ice dam (roof)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Diamond_dust Diamond dust
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Drift_ice Drift ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_dune Ice dune
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_field Ice field
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Firn Firn
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_fog Ice fog
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frazil_ice Frazil ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frost Frost
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frost_heaving Frost heaving
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frost_flower Frost flower
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frost_flower_(sea_ice) Frost flower (sea ice)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glacier Glacier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glaze_(ice) Glaze (ice)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hair_ice Hair ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Iceberg Iceberg
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_calving Ice calving
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Icicle Icicle
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_jacking Ice jacking
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_jam Ice jam
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_nucleus Ice nucleus
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_sheet Ice sheet
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_shove Ice shove
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_spike Ice spike
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Stalactite#Ice_stalactites Stalactite
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Macroscopic_quantum_phenomena Macroscopic quantum phenomena
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/N%C3%A9v%C3%A9 Névé
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Needle_ice Needle ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frost#Rime Frost
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hard_rime Hard rime
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Soft_rime Soft rime
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sea_ice Sea ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Slurry_ice Slurry ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Slush Slush
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_storm Ice storm
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
br
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_bath Ice bath
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_blasting Ice blasting
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_blocking Ice blocking
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_climbing Ice climbing
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_fishing Ice fishing
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_rafting Ice rafting
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_sculpture Ice sculpture
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_skating Ice skating
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
colspan class style
2 navbox-list navbox-odd width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Winter_sport Winter sport
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%;font-weight: normal;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bandy Bandy
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_boat Ice boat
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_yachting Ice yachting
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cricket Ice cricket
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Curling Curling
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Icetrack_cycling Icetrack cycling
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Figure_skating Figure skating
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_hockey Ice hockey
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_racing Ice racing
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Tour_skating Tour skating
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
class style
nowraplinks navbox-subgroup border-spacing:0
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_bar Ice bar
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_bridge Ice bridge
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_hotel Ice hotel
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Igloo Igloo
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_palace Ice palace
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_pier Ice pier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pykrete Pykrete
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_road Ice road
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cutting Ice cutting
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Icebox Icebox
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_house_(building) Ice house (building)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Iceman_(occupation) Iceman (occupation)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_pick Ice pick
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_trade Ice trade
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_chips Ice chips
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_core Ice core
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cream Ice cream
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_cube Ice cube
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_pack Ice pack
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_age Ice age
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glaciology Glaciology
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Little_Ice_Age Little Ice Age
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pleistocene Pleistocene
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
img
alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height
Category //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png Category 16 14 //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x 36 31
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Water_ice Category:Water ice
html
local
li
html
local
img
alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height
Commons page //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png Commons page 12 16 //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x 1024 1376
html
local
a
href class title
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ice extiw commons:Category:Ice
html
local
li
html
local
img
alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height
Wiktionary page //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png Wiktionary page 16 15 //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x 370 350
html
local
a
href class title
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ice extiw wikt:ice
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
html
local
td
class colspan
navbox-abovebelow 2
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
class style id
nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit collapsibleTable0
html
local
div
role class aria-labelledby style
navigation navbox Ice padding:3px
html
local
a
id href
collapseButton1 #
html
local
span
class
collapseButton
html
local
abbr
title style
View this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Template:Road_types Template:Road types
html
local
li
class
nv-view
html
local
abbr
title style
Discuss this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Template_talk:Road_types Template talk:Road types
html
local
li
class
nv-talk
html
local
abbr
title style
Edit this template ;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;
html
local
a
class href
external text //en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Road_types&action=edit
html
local
li
class
nv-edit
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
plainlinks hlist navbar mini
html
local
div
id style
Streets_and_roadways font-size:114%;margin:0 4em
html
local
th
scope class colspan
col navbox-title 2
html
local
tr
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Types_of_road Types of road
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Limited-access_road Limited-access road
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Controlled-access_highway Controlled-access highway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dual_carriageway Dual carriageway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Elevated_highway Elevated highway
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Limited-access_roads_by_country Category:Limited-access roads by country
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highways_in_Australia Highways in Australia
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Brazilian_Highway_System Brazilian Highway System
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Expressways_of_China Expressways of China
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highways_in_Croatia Highways in Croatia
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highways_in_the_Czech_Republic Highways in the Czech Republic
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Autobahn Autobahn
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highways_in_Greece Highways in Greece
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/List_of_streets_and_roads_in_Hong_Kong List of streets and roads in Hong Kong
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Indian_road_network Indian road network
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/High-quality_dual_carriageway High-quality dual carriageway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Autostrade_of_Italy Autostrade of Italy
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roads_in_Pakistan Roads in Pakistan
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roads_in_Portugal Roads in Portugal
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highways_in_Spain Highways in Spain
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom Roads in the United Kingdom
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Numbered_highways_in_the_United_States Numbered highways in the United States
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Arterial_road Arterial road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Collector_road Collector road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/County_highway County highway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Local-express_lanes Local-express lanes
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Farm-to-market_road Farm-to-market road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highway Highway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Link_road Link road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Two-lane_expressway Two-lane expressway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/2%2B1_road 2+1 road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/2%2B2_road 2+2 road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Parkway Parkway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Super_two Super two
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Trunk_road Trunk road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Highway_systems_by_country Highway systems by country
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Alley Alley
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Backroad Backroad
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bicycle_boulevard Bicycle boulevard
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Boulevard Boulevard
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Country_lane Country lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dead_end_(street) Dead end (street)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Driveway Driveway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Frontage_road Frontage road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Green_lane_(road) Green lane (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Main_Street Main Street
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Primitive_road Primitive road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road Road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Side_road Side road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Single_carriageway Single carriageway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Single-track_road Single-track road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Street Street
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sunken_lane Sunken lane
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Channelization_(roads) Channelization (roads)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Concurrency_(road) Concurrency (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Detour Detour
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hierarchy_of_roads Hierarchy of roads
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Private_highway Private highway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Route_number Route number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special_route Special route
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Business_route Business route
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Street_hierarchy Street hierarchy
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Toll_road Toll road
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
class style
nowraplinks navbox-subgroup border-spacing:0
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Junction_(road) Junction (road)
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Interchange_(road) Interchange (road)
html
local
br
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Grade_separation Grade separation
html
local
span
style
font-weight:normal;
html
local
div
style
padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Cloverleaf_interchange Cloverleaf interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Diamond_interchange Diamond interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Free-flow_interchange Free-flow interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Interchange_(road)#Directional_T_interchange Interchange (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Diverging_diamond_interchange Diverging diamond interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Partial_cloverleaf_interchange Partial cloverleaf interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Raindrop_interchange mw-redirect Raindrop interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roundabout_interchange Roundabout interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Single-point_urban_interchange Single-point urban interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Stack_interchange Stack interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Three-level_diamond_interchange Three-level diamond interchange
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Interchange_(road)#Trumpet_interchange Interchange (road)
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
br
html
local
span
style
font-weight:normal;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Intersection_(road) Intersection (road)
html
local
div
style
padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Three-way_junction Three-way junction
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bowtie_(road) Bowtie (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Box_junction Box junction
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Continuous-flow_intersection Continuous-flow intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hook_turn Hook turn
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Jughandle Jughandle
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Michigan_left Michigan left
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Offset_T-intersection Offset T-intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Protected_intersection Protected intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Quadrant_roadway_intersection Quadrant roadway intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Right-in/right-out Right-in/right-out
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roundabout Roundabout
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Seagull_intersection Seagull intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Split_intersection Split intersection
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Superstreet Superstreet
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Texas_U-turn Texas U-turn
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_circle Traffic circle
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Turnaround_(road) Turnaround (road)
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
class style
nowraplinks navbox-subgroup border-spacing:0
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_surface Road surface
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Asphalt_concrete Asphalt concrete
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bioasphalt Bioasphalt
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Brick Brick
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Chipseal Chipseal
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Cobblestone Cobblestone
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Concrete Concrete
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Reinforced_concrete Reinforced concrete
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Corduroy_road Corduroy road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Crocodile_cracking Crocodile cracking
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Crushed_stone Crushed stone
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Diamond_grinding_of_pavement Diamond grinding of pavement
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dirt_road Dirt road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Full_depth_recycling Full depth recycling
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glassphalt Glassphalt
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Gravel_road Gravel road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ice_road Ice road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Macadam Macadam
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pavement_milling Pavement milling
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Permeable_paving Permeable paving
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Plank_road Plank road
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Rubberized_asphalt Rubberized asphalt
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sealcoat Sealcoat
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sett_(paving) Sett (paving)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Stamped_asphalt Stamped asphalt
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Tarmac Tarmac
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_texture Road texture
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Aquaplaning Aquaplaning
html
local
li
html
local
a
class
mw-selflink selflink
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bleeding_(roads) Bleeding (roads)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Crosswind Crosswind
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dead_Man%27s_Curve Dead Man's Curve
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Expansion_joint Expansion joint
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Fog Fog
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ford_(crossing) Ford (crossing)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Hairpin_turn Hairpin turn
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Level_crossing Level crossing
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Manhole_cover Manhole cover
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Oil_spill Oil spill
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Oversize_load Oversize load
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pothole Pothole
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_debris Road debris
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_slipperiness Road slipperiness
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_train Road train
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Roadkill Roadkill
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Rockfall Rockfall
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Rut_(roads) Rut (roads)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Speed_bump Speed bump
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Storm_drain Storm drain
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Washboarding Washboarding
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Washout_(erosion) Washout (erosion)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Whiteout_(weather) Whiteout (weather)
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic#Rules_of_the_road Traffic
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Barrier_transfer_machine Barrier transfer machine
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Bicycle_lane mw-redirect Bicycle lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Climbing_lane Climbing lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Complete_streets Complete streets
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Contraflow_lane Contraflow lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Contraflow_lane_reversal Contraflow lane reversal
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/High-occupancy_toll_lane High-occupancy toll lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/High-occupancy_vehicle_lane High-occupancy vehicle lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Lane Lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Living_street Living street
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Managed_lane Managed lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Median_strip Median strip
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Motorcycle_lane Motorcycle lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Passing_lane Passing lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pedestrian_crossing Pedestrian crossing
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pedestrian_zone Pedestrian zone
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Refuge_island Refuge island
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Reversible_lane Reversible lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_diet Road diet
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_verge Road verge
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Runaway_truck_ramp Runaway truck ramp
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Shared_space Shared space
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sidewalk Sidewalk
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Shoulder_(road) Shoulder (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Street_running Street running
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_calming Traffic calming
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Right-_and_left-hand_traffic mw-redirect Right- and left-hand traffic
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_island Traffic island
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Traffic_lanes mw-redirect Traffic lanes
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_signal_preemption Traffic signal preemption
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Unused_highway Unused highway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wide_outside_lane Wide outside lane
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Woonerf Woonerf
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bollard Bollard
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Botts%27_dots Botts' dots
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Cable_barrier Cable barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Cat%27s_eye_(road) Cat's eye (road)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Concrete_step_barrier Concrete step barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Constant-slope_barrier Constant-slope barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Curb Curb
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/F-Shape_barrier F-Shape barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Guard_rail Guard rail
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Jersey_barrier Jersey barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Kassel_kerb Kassel kerb
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Noise_barrier Noise barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Raised_pavement_marker Raised pavement marker
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Road_surface_marking Road surface marking
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Rumble_strip Rumble strip
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_barrier Traffic barrier
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Traffic_cone Traffic cone
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-odd text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
th
scope class style
row navbox-group width:1%
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Bridge Bridge
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Causeway Causeway
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Overpass Overpass
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Tunnel Tunnel
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
style
padding:0em 0.25em
html
local
td
class style
navbox-list navbox-even text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Glossary_of_road_transport_terms Glossary of road transport terms
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/List_of_road_types_by_features List of road types by features
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
html
local
td
class colspan
navbox-abovebelow 2
html
local
tr
style
display: none;
html
local
tbody
html
local
table
class style id
nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit collapsibleTable1
html
local
div
role class aria-labelledby style
navigation navbox Streets_and_roadways padding:3px
html
local
div
class
mw-parser-output
html
local
img
src alt title width height style
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1 1 1 border: none; position: absolute;
html
local
noscript
html
local
div
id lang dir class
mw-content-text en ltr mw-content-ltr
html
local
a
dir href
ltr https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&oldid=833263142
html
local
div
class
printfooter
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Help:Category Help:Category
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Snow_or_ice_weather_phenomena Category:Snow or ice weather phenomena
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Water_ice Category:Water ice
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Precipitation Category:Precipitation
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Weather_hazards Category:Weather hazards
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Road_hazards Category:Road hazards
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
mw-normal-catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links Category:All articles with dead external links
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2017 Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2017
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links Category:Articles with permanently dead external links
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Pages_using_div_col_without_cols_and_colwidth_parameters Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden
html
local
div
id class data-mw
catlinks catlinks interface
html
local
div
class
visualClear
html
local
div
id class
bodyContent mw-body-content
html
local
div
id class role
content mw-body main
html
local
h2
html
local
h3
id
p-personal-label
html
local
li
id
pt-anonuserpage
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:MyTalk Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n] n
html
local
li
id
pt-anontalk
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:MyContributions A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y] y
html
local
li
id
pt-anoncontribs
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Black+ice You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory
html
local
li
id
pt-createaccount
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Black+ice You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o] o
html
local
li
id
pt-login
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-personal navigation p-personal-label
html
local
h3
id
p-namespaces-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Black_ice View the content page [ctrl-alt-c] c
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-nstab-main selected
html
local
a
href rel title accesskey
/wiki/Talk:Black_ice discussion Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t] t
html
local
span
html
local
li
id
ca-talk
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label
html
local
input
type class aria-labelledby
checkbox vectorMenuCheckbox p-variants-label
html
local
span
html
local
h3
id
p-variants-label
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
menu
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-variants navigation vectorMenu emptyPortlet p-variants-label
html
local
div
id
left-navigation
html
local
h3
id
p-views-label
html
local
a
href
/wiki/Black_ice
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-view collapsible selected
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=edit Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e] e
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-edit collapsible
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=history Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h] h
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-history collapsible
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label
html
local
input
type class aria-labelledby
checkbox vectorMenuCheckbox p-cactions-label
html
local
span
html
local
h3
id
p-cactions-label
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
menu
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-cactions navigation vectorMenu emptyPortlet p-cactions-label
html
local
label
for
searchInput
html
local
h3
html
local
div
id role
p-search search
html
local
div
id
right-navigation
html
local
div
id
mw-head
html
local
a
class href title
mw-wiki-logo /wiki/Main_Page Visit the main page
html
local
div
id role
p-logo banner
html
local
h3
id
p-navigation-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Main_Page Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z] z
html
local
li
id
n-mainpage-description
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Contents Guides to browsing Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-contents
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Featured_content Featured content – the best of Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-featuredcontent
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Current_events Find background information on current events
html
local
li
id
n-currentevents
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:Random Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x] x
html
local
li
id
n-randompage
html
local
a
href title
https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en Support us
html
local
li
id
n-sitesupport
html
local
a
href title
//shop.wikimedia.org Visit the Wikipedia store
html
local
li
id
n-shoplink
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label
html
local
h3
id
p-interaction-label
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Help:Contents Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-help
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:About Find out about Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-aboutsite
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal About the project, what you can do, where to find things
html
local
li
id
n-portal
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:RecentChanges A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r] r
html
local
li
id
n-recentchanges
html
local
a
href title
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us How to contact Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-contactpage
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label
html
local
h3
id
p-tb-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Black_ice List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j] j
html
local
li
id
t-whatlinkshere
html
local
a
href rel title accesskey
/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Black_ice nofollow Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k] k
html
local
li
id
t-recentchangeslinked
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard Upload files [ctrl-alt-u] u
html
local
li
id
t-upload
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:SpecialPages A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q] q
html
local
li
id
t-specialpages
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&oldid=833263142 Permanent link to this revision of the page
html
local
li
id
t-permalink
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&action=info More information about this page
html
local
li
id
t-info
html
local
a
href title accesskey
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q220604 Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g] g
html
local
li
id
t-wikibase
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Black_ice&id=833263142 Information on how to cite this page
html
local
li
id
t-cite
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-tb p-tb-label
html
local
h3
id
p-coll-print_export-label
html
local
a
href
/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Black+ice
html
local
li
id
coll-create_a_book
html
local
a
href
/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=Black+ice&action=show-download-screen
html
local
li
id
coll-download-as-rdf2latex
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&printable=yes Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p] p
html
local
li
id
t-print
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-coll-print_export p-coll-print_export-label
html
local
h3
id
p-wikibase-otherprojects-label
html
local
a
href hreflang
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Black_ice en
html
local
li
class
wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label
html
local
button
class title
uls-settings-trigger Language settings
html
local
h3
id
p-lang-label
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF جليد أسود – Arabic ar ar interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-ar
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0 Галалёдзіца – Belarusian be be interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-be display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://be-x-old.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B4 Галалёд – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography) be-x-old be-x-old interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Поледица – Bulgarian bg bg interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1led%C3%AD Náledí – Czech cs cs interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frysende_v%C3%A5de_vejbaner Frysende våde vejbaner – Danish da da interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-da display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wintergl%C3%A4tte Winterglätte – German de de interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hielo_negro Hielo negro – Spanish es es interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-es
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glatglacio Glatglacio – Esperanto eo eo interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euri_izoztua Euri izoztua – Basque eu eu interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%81 یخ شفاف – Persian fa fa interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glace_noire Glace noire – French fr fr interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%99%ED%8C%90 빙판 – Korean ko ko interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghiaccio_nero_(meteorologia) Ghiaccio nero (meteorologia) – Italian it it interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-it display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apledojums Apledojums – Latvian lv lv interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plikledis Plikledis – Lithuanian lt lt interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2%E5%87%8D%E7%B5%90 路面凍結 – Japanese ja ja interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C5%82oled%C5%BA Gołoledź – Polish pl pl interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelo_negro Gelo negro – Portuguese pt pt interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-pt
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Гололедица – Russian ru ru interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-ru
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8D%D2%A5 Килэҥ – Sakha sah sah interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-sah display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0 Поледица – Serbian sr sr interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musta_j%C3%A4%C3%A4 Musta jää – Finnish fi fi interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blixthalka Blixthalka – Swedish sv sv interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF கரும் பனி – Tamil ta ta interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C Ожеледь – Ukrainian uk uk interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%81 کالی برف – Urdu ur ur interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-ur
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83ng_%C4%91en Băng đen – Vietnamese vi vi interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plik%C5%A1als Plikšals – Samogitian bat-smg bat-smg interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class style
interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg display: none;
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%86%B0 黑冰 – Chinese zh zh interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh
html
local
button
class title
mw-interlanguage-selector mw-ui-button All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)
html
local
ul
html
local
a
href title class
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q220604#sitelinks-wikipedia Edit interlanguage links wbc-editpage
html
local
span
class
wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link
html
local
div
class
after-portlet after-portlet-lang
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-lang p-lang-label
html
local
div
id
mw-panel
html
local
div
id
mw-navigation
html
local
li
id
footer-info-lastmod
html
local
a
rel href
license //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License
html
local
a
rel href style
license //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ display:none;
html
local
a
href
//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use
html
local
a
href
//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy
html
local
a
href
//www.wikimediafoundation.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-info-copyright
html
local
ul
id
footer-info
html
local
a
href class title
https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy extiw wmf:Privacy policy
html
local
li
id
footer-places-privacy
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:About Wikipedia:About
html
local
li
id
footer-places-about
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer Wikipedia:General disclaimer
html
local
li
id
footer-places-disclaimer
html
local
a
href
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us
html
local
li
id
footer-places-contact
html
local
a
href
https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute
html
local
li
id
footer-places-developers
html
local
a
href
https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Cookie_statement
html
local
li
id
footer-places-cookiestatement
html
local
a
href class
//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Black_ice&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle
html
local
li
id
footer-places-mobileview
html
local
a
href
#
html
local
li
style
display: none;
html
local
ul
id
footer-places
html
local
img
src srcset width height alt
/static/images/wikimedia-button.png /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x 88 31 Wikimedia Foundation
html
local
a
href
https://wikimediafoundation.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-copyrightico
html
local
img
src alt srcset width height
/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png Powered by MediaWiki /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x 88 31
html
local
a
href
//www.mediawiki.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-poweredbyico
html
local
ul
id class
footer-icons noprint
html
local
div
style
clear: both;
html
local
div
id role
footer contentinfo
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 10 8, 18 0, 26 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-mask
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 274 8, 282 0, 290 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-mask-flip
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 174 8, 182 0, 190 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-landscape-mask
html
local
polygon
points
0 0, 1000 0, 1000 242, 190 242, 182 250, 174 242, 0 242
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-landscape-mask-flip
html
local
defs
html
local
svg
xmlns width height
http://www.w3.org/2000/svg 0 0
html
local
div
id
mwe-popups-svg
html
local
div
class
suggestions-results
html
local
div
class
suggestions-special
html
local
div
class style
suggestions display: none; font-size: 13px;
html
local
body
class
mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Black_ice rootpage-Black_ice skin-vector action-view
html
local