Blue law
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about laws created to enforce strict moral standards. For early Colony of Connecticut laws, see Blue Laws (Connecticut).
Sabbath Eve, painting by Alexander Johnston.
Blue laws, also known as Sunday laws, are laws designed to restrict or ban some or all Sunday activities for religious reasons, particularly to promote the observance of a day of worship or rest. Blue laws may also restrict shopping or ban sale of certain items on specific days, most often on Sundays in the western world. Blue laws are enforced in parts of the United States and Canada as well as some European countries, particularly in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, and Norway, keeping most stores closed on Sundays.
In the United States, the U.S. Supreme Court has held blue laws as constitutional numerous times, citing secular basis such as securing a day of rest for mail carriers,[1] as well as protecting workers and families, in turn contributing to societal stability and guaranteeing the free exercise of religion.[2][3][4] The origin of the blue laws also partially stems from religion, particularly the prohibition of Sabbath desecration in Christian Churches following the first-day Sabbatarian tradition. Both labour unions and trade associations have historically supported the legislation of blue laws.[2] Blue laws are technically classed[by whom?] as "mala prohibita" or "wrong [as or because] prohibited" (as opposed to "mala in se" or "wrong or evil in itself"). Most blue laws have been repealed in the United States, although many states still ban the sale of alcoholic beverages or cars on Sundays.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Canada
3 Cook Islands, Tonga and Niue
4 Denmark
5 England and Wales
5.1 Before 1994
5.2 Since 1994
6 Northern Ireland
7 United States
7.1 Court cases
8 See also
9 References
10 Bibliography
11 External links
History[edit]
The very first known law regarding prohibition of Sunday labor for religious reasons was in 538 at the Third Council of Orléans.[5]
The first occurrence of the phrase blue laws so far found is in the New-York Mercury of March 3, 1755, where the writer imagines a future newspaper praising the revival of "our Connecticut's old Blue Laws". In his 1781 book General History of Connecticut, the Reverend Samuel Peters (1735–1826) used it to describe various laws first enacted by Puritan colonies in the 17th century that prohibited various activities, recreational as well as commercial, on Sunday (Saturday evening through Sunday night). Sometimes the sale of certain types of merchandise was prohibited, and in some cases all retail and business activity.
Contrary to popular belief, there is no evidence that blue laws were originally printed on blue paper. Rather, the word blue was used in the 17th century as a disparaging reference to rigid moral codes and those who observed them, particularly in blue-stocking, a reference to Oliver Cromwell's supporters in the parliament of 1653.[6] Moreover, although Reverend Peters claimed that the term blue law was originally used by Puritan colonists, his work has since been found to be unreliable.[7] In any event, Peters never asserted that the blue laws were originally printed on blue paper, and this has come to be regarded as an example of false etymology, another version of which is that the laws were first bound in books with blue covers.
As Protestant moral reformers organized the Sabbath reform in nineteenth-century America, calls for the enactment and/or enforcement of stricter Sunday laws developed. Numerous Americans were arrested for working, keeping an open shop, drinking alcohol, traveling, and recreating on Sundays. Erwin Fahlbusch and Geoffrey William Bromiley write that throughout their existence, organizations advocating first-day Sabbatarianism, such as the Lord's Day Alliance in North America and the Lord's Day Observance Society in the British Isles, were supported by labor unions in lobbying "to prevent secular and commercial interests from hampering freedom of worship and from exploiting workers."[8] For example, the United States Congress was supported by the Lord's Day Alliance in securing "a day of rest for city postal clerks whose hours of labor, unlike those of city mail carriers, were largely unregulated."[1] In Canada, the Ligue du Dimanche, a Roman Catholic Sunday league, supported the Lord's Day Act in 1923 and promoted first-day Sabbatarian legislation.[9][10] Beginning in the 1840s, workingmen, Jews, Seventh Day Baptists, free-thinkers, and other groups began to organize opposition. Throughout the century, Sunday laws served as a major source of church-state controversy and as an issue that drove the emergence of modern American minority-rights politics.[11] On the other hand, the more recent Dies Domini, written by Pope John Paul II in 1998, advocates Sunday legislation in that it protects civil servants and workers; the North Dakota Catholic Conference in 2011 likewise maintained that blue laws, in accordance with the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, "ensure that, for reasons of economic productivity, citizens are not denied time for rest and divine worship."[12] Similarly, Chief Justice Earl Warren, while acknowledging the partial religious origin of blue laws, acknowledged their "secular purpose they served by providing a benefit to workers at the same time that they enhanced labor productivity."[2]
Many European countries[which?] still place strong restrictions on store opening hours on Sundays, an example being Germany's Ladenschlussgesetz.
Canada[edit]
Sunday Laws in Ontario, 1911
The Lord's Day Act, which since 1906 had prohibited business transactions from taking place on Sundays, was declared unconstitutional in the 1985 case R. v. Big M Drug Mart Ltd. Calgary police officers witnessed several transactions at the Big M Drug Mart, all of which occurred on a Sunday. Big M was charged with a violation of the Lord's Day Act. A provincial court ruled that the Lord's Day Act was unconstitutional, but the Crown proceeded to appeal all the way to the Supreme Court of Canada. In a unanimous 6–0 decision, the Lord's Day Act was ruled an infringement of the freedom of conscience and religion defined in section 2(a) of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.[13]
A Toronto referendum in 1950 allowed only team sports to be played professionally on Sunday. Theatre performances, movie screenings, and horse racing were not permitted until the 1960s.[14]
The Supreme Court later concluded, in R. v. Edwards Books and Art Ltd., [1986] (2 S.C.R. 713) that Ontario's Retail Business Holiday Act, which required some Sunday closings, did not violate the Charter because it did not have a religious purpose. Nonetheless, as of today, virtually all provincial Sunday Closing laws have ceased to exist. Some were struck down by provincial courts, but most were simply abrogated,[15] often due to competitive reasons where out-of-province or foreign merchants were open.
Cook Islands, Tonga and Niue[edit]
In the Cook Islands, blue laws were the first written legislation, enacted by the London Missionary Society in 1827, with the consent of ariki (chiefs). In Tonga, the Vava'u Code (1839) was inspired by Methodist missionary teachings, and was a form of blue law. In Niue, certain activities remain forbidden on Sunday, reflecting the country's history of observing Christian Sabbath tradition.
Denmark[edit]
In Denmark the closing laws restricting retail trade on Sundays have been abolished with effect from October 1, 2012. From then on retail trade is only restricted on public holidays (New Years Day, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, Easter Monday, Day of Prayer, Ascension Day, Whit Sunday, Whit Monday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day) and on Constitution Day, Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve (on New Year's Eve from 3 pm only). On these days almost all shops will remain closed. Exempt are bakeries, DIYs, garden centres, gas stations and smaller supermarkets.[16]
England and Wales[edit]
Before 1994[edit]
Prior to 1994, trading laws forbade sale of certain products on a Sunday; the distinction between those that could and could not be sold was increasingly seen as arbitrary, and the laws were inadequately enforced and widely flouted. For example, some supermarkets would treat the relatively modest fines arising as a business cost and open nonetheless.
Since 1994[edit]
The Sunday Trading Act 1994 relaxed restrictions on Sunday trading. This produced vocal opposition from bodies such as the Keep Sunday Special campaign, and the Lord's Day Observance Society: on religious grounds, on the grounds that it would increase consumerism, and that it would reduce shop assistants' weekend leisure time.
The legislation permits large shops (those with a relevant floor area in excess of 280 square metres) to open for up to six hours on Sunday between the hours of 10 am and 6 pm. Small shops, those with an area of below 280 square metres, are free to set their own Sunday trading times. Some large shops, such as off-licences, service stations and garages, are exempt from the restrictions.
Some very large shops (e.g. department stores) open for longer than 6 hours on a Sunday by allowing customers in to browse 30 minutes prior to allowing them to make a purchase, since the 6 hour restriction only applies to time during which the shop may make sales.
Christmas Day and Easter Sunday are non-trading days. This applies even to garden centres, which earlier had been trading over Easter, but not to small shops (those with an area of below 280 square metres).[17]
Northern Ireland[edit]
Prior to 2008, no football was permitted to be played on Sundays by clubs affiliated to the Irish Football Association in Northern Ireland.[18]
Shops with a floor area of over 280 square metres may only open from 1 to 6pm on Sundays.[19]
United States[edit]
Main article: Blue laws in the United States
In the United States, judges have defended blue laws "in terms of their secular benefit to workers", holding that "the laws were essential to social well-being".[3] Chief Justice Stephen Johnson Field, with regard to Sunday blue laws, stated:[3]
Its requirement is a cessation from labor. In its enactment, the legislature has given the sanction of law to a rule of conduct, which the entire civilized world recognizes as essential to the physical and moral well-being of society. Upon no subject is there such a concurrence of opinion, among philosophers, moralists and statesmen of all nations, as on the necessity of periodical cessation from labor. One day in seven is the rule, founded in experience and sustained by science. ... The prohibition of secular business on Sunday is advocated on the ground that by it the general welfare is advanced, labor protected, and the moral and physical well-being of society promoted.
—  Hennington v. Georgia, 163 U.S. 299 [1896][3]
Many states prohibit selling alcohol for on and off-premises sales in one form or another on Sundays at some restricted time, under the idea that people should be in church on Sunday morning, or at least not drinking.[20][21]
Another feature of blue laws in the United States restricts the purchase of particular items on Sundays. Some of these laws restrict the ability to buy cars, groceries, office supplies, and housewares among other things. Though most of these laws have been relaxed or repealed in most states, they are still enforced in some other states.
In Texas, for example, blue laws prohibited selling housewares such as pots, pans, and washing machines on Sunday until 1985. In Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Oklahoma, New Jersey, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, car dealerships continue to operate under blue-law prohibitions in which an automobile may not be purchased or traded on a Sunday. Maryland permits Sunday automobile sales only in the counties of Charles, Prince George's, Montgomery, and Howard; similarly, Michigan restricts Sunday sales to only those counties with a population of less than 130,000. Texas and Utah prohibit car dealerships from operating over consecutive weekend days. In some cases these laws were created or retained with the support of those whom they affected, to allow them a day off each week without fear of their competitors still being open.[22]
Blue laws may also prohibit retail activity on days other than Sunday. In Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Maine (which was previously part of Massachusetts),[23] for example, blue laws prohibit most retail stores, including grocery stores, from opening on Thanksgiving and Christmas.[24]
Research regarding the effect of the repeal of blue laws has been conducted, with Professor Elesha Coffman of Baylor University writing:[25]
Regarding culture, the impact of vanishing blue laws could be larger. A study in New Mexico in 2006 found a sharp increase in drunken driving on Sundays after that state dropped its Sunday ban on packaged alcohol sales. A broader study published by MIT and Notre Dame economists in 2008 found that the repeal of blue laws led to decreased church attendance, decreased donations to churches, and increased alcohol and drug use among religious individuals. These wide-ranging effects cannot easily be pinpointed to specific causes, but one of the latter study's authors, Daniel Hungerman, suggested to Christianity Today that blue laws might have been fulfilling their original intent, to keep people pious.[25]
Court cases[edit]
Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, religious and ethno-cultural minorities arrested for violating state and local blue laws appealed their convictions to state supreme courts. In Specht v. Commonwealth (1848), for example, German Seventh Day Baptists in Pennsylvania employed attorney Thaddeus Stevens to challenge the constitutionality of Pennsylvania's Sunday law. As in cases in other states, litigants pointed to the provisions of state constitutions protecting religious liberty and maintained that Sunday laws were a blatant violation. Though typically unsuccessful (most state supreme courts upheld the constitutionality of Sunday laws), these constitutional challenges helped set a pattern by which subsequent moral minorities would seek to protect religious freedom and minority rights.[26]
The Supreme Court of the United States held in its landmark case, McGowan v. Maryland (1961), that Maryland's blue laws violated neither the Free Exercise Clause nor the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. It approved the state's blue law restricting commercial activities on Sunday, noting that while such laws originated to encourage attendance at Christian churches, the contemporary Maryland laws were intended to serve "to provide a uniform day of rest for all citizens" on a secular basis and to promote the secular values of "health, safety, recreation, and general well-being" through a common day of rest. That this day coincides with Christian Sabbath is not a bar to the state's secular goals; it neither reduces its effectiveness for secular purposes nor prevents adherents of other religions from observing their own holy days.[27]
There were four landmark Sunday-law cases altogether in 1961. The other three were Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Mass., Inc., 366 U.S. 617 (1961); Braunfeld v. Brown, 366 U.S. 599 (1961); Two Guys from Harrison vs. McGinley, 366 U.S. 582 (1961).[28] Chief Justice Earl Warren declared that "the State seeks to set one day apart from all others as a day of rest, repose, recreation and tranquility--a day which all members of the family and community have the opportunity to spend and enjoy together, a day on which there exists relative quiet and disassociation from the everyday intensity of commercial activities, a day on which people may visit friends and relative who are not available during working days."[2]
In March 2006, Texas judges upheld the state blue law that requires car dealerships to close either Saturday or Sunday each weekend.[29]
See also[edit]
Desuetude
Dry county
National Sunday Law
Neo-prohibitionism
Raines law
Religious coercion
Religious law
Sunday shopping
Sundown town
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Fuller, Wayne E. (1 October 2010). Morality and the Mail in Nineteenth-Century America. University of Illinois Press. p. 93. ISBN 9780252091353.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Goldberg, Steven (2000). Seduced by Science: How American Religion Has Lost Its Way. NYU Press. p. 106. ISBN 9780814731055.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Smith, Christian (2003). The Secular Revolution: Power, Interests, and Conflict in the Secularization of American Public Life. University of California Press. p. 319. ISBN 9780520230002.
Jump up ^ O'Flaherty, Edward; Petersen, Rodney L.; Norton, Timothy A. (7 September 2010). Sunday, Sabbath, and the Weekend: Managing Time in a Global Culture. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 167. ISBN 9780802865830.
Jump up ^ "Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics (New York: Scribner, 1928)".
Jump up ^ Oxford English Dictionary.
Jump up ^ Snopes.com: American "blue laws" were so named because they were originally printed on blue paper.. Retrieved July 12, 2006.
Jump up ^ Fahlbusch, Erwin; Bromiley, Geoffrey William (2005). The Encyclopedia of Christianity. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 787. ISBN 9780802824165.
Jump up ^ Roy, Christian (2005). Traditional Festivals: A Multicultural Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 457. ISBN 9781576070895. However, an amendment was made that left is enforcement to the discretion of the provinces, so that it remained a dead letter in mostly French Quebec. A Catholic Sunday League was formed in 1923 to combat this laxity and promote sabbatarian restrictions in that province--especially against movie theaters.
Jump up ^ Rybczyński, Witold (1991). Waiting for the Weekend. Viking Penguin. p. 78. ISBN 9780670830015. In 1922, inspired by a pastoral letter decrying the lax observance of Sunday as a day of rest, the Ligue du Dimanche (Sunday League) was formed. For fourteen years the League agitated for Sabbatarian legislation, particularly against cinemas ...
Jump up ^ Kyle G. Volk (2014), Moral Minorities and the Making of American Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 019937192X.
Jump up ^ "North Dakota Catholic Conference says 'Sunday law' Benefits All People". EWTN News. 19 September 2011. Retrieved 5 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "CanLII – 1985 CanLII 69 (S.C.C.)". Canadian Legal Information Institute (CanLII.org). September 3, 2009. Archived from the original on May 9, 2011. Retrieved September 24, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Allan Levine: Never mind Ford Nation. Hogtown has a long history of drunks, tyrants and loudmouths running City Hall". Retrieved February 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Louis-Philippe Raynault-Ollu (February 20, 2012). "Sunday Observance Laws in North America". Social Science Research Network (SSRN). SSRN 2260582  . Missing or empty |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Lov om ændring af lov om detailsalg fra butikker m.v. - Liberalisering af reglerne om åbningstid - retsinformation.dk". Retrieved January 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Trading hours for retailers: the law". Retrieved January 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Henry McDonald. "New bid for Sunday football". the Guardian. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Seasonal and Sunday Trading". Retrieved March 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ph.D., Prof. David J. Hanson,. "Alcohol Blue Laws (Laws Prohibiting Sunday Sales of Alcoholic Beverages)". Retrieved 2016-09-28.
Jump up ^ Montgomery, Bob. "Gaffney churches seek to stop Sunday alcohol sales". Retrieved 2016-09-28.
Jump up ^ Good Question: Why Can't We Buy Alcohol On Sunday?, WCCO-TV, November 20, 2006 Archived September 29, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Title 17, §3204: Business, traveling or recreation on Sunday". Retrieved January 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "A turkey of a blue law", Boston Globe. Retrieved November 25, 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b Coffman, Elesha (2009). "Bye-Bye, Blue Laws?". Christianity Today. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Kyle G. Volk, Moral Minorities and the Making of American Democracy (Oxford, 2014), 59-68, 190-201.
Jump up ^ McGOWAN v. MARYLAND, 366 U.S. 420 (1961), Supreme Court of the United States, Decided May 29, 1961. Retrieved August 10, 2007. "The present purpose and effect of most of our Sunday Closing Laws is to provide a uniform day of rest for all citizens; and the fact that this day is Sunday, a day of particular significance for the dominant Christian sects, does not bar the State from achieving its secular goals."
Jump up ^ The LANDMARK Cases, National Sunday Law Crisis. Retrieved May 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ "'Blue Law' for car sales upheld by Judge" Archived May 31, 2008, at the Wayback Machine., KVIA, March 22, 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2008. "A Texas judge has upheld an old law that requires car dealerships in the Lone Star state to close one day each weekend. They must now choose to open either Saturday or Sunday."
Bibliography[edit]
Algeo, Matthew (2006). Last Team Standing. Philadelphia: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-81472-3
Ruck, Rob; with Patterson, Maggie Jones and Weber, Michael P. (2010). Rooney: A Sporting Life. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-2283-0
Volk, Kyle G. (2014). Moral Minorities and the Making of American Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 019937192X.
Westcott, Rich (2001). A Century of Philadelphia Sports. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-56639-861-9
External links[edit]
Red, White, but Mostly Blue: The Validity of Modern Sunday Closing Laws Under the Establishment Clause - Vanderbilt Law Review (2007)
Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Blue Laws
The Massachusetts Blue Laws
Blue Law - Pantagraph (Bloomington, Illinois newspaper)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&oldid=821008115"
Categories:
Political terminology of the United States
Religion and law
Sunday shopping
Sabbath in Christianity
Hidden categories:
Pages using web citations with no URL
Webarchive template wayback links
Use mdy dates from October 2012
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2017
All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2013
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Français
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 January 2018, at 22:04.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

div
id class
mw-page-base noprint
html
local
div
id class
mw-head-base noprint
html
local
a
id
top
html
local
div
id class
siteNotice centralNotice mw-body-content
html
local
div
class
mw-indicators mw-body-content
html
local
h1
id class lang
firstHeading firstHeading en
html
local
div
id class
siteSub noprint
html
local
div
id
contentSub
html
local
a
href
#mw-head
html
local
a
href
#p-search
html
local
div
id class
jump-to-nav mw-jump
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Blue_Laws_(Connecticut) Blue Laws (Connecticut)
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Sabbath_Eve.jpg/300px-Sabbath_Eve.jpg 300 232 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Sabbath_Eve.jpg/450px-Sabbath_Eve.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Sabbath_Eve.jpg/600px-Sabbath_Eve.jpg 2x 800 619
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:Sabbath_Eve.jpg image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:Sabbath_Eve.jpg internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
magnify
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Alexander_Johnston_(artist) Alexander Johnston (artist)
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:302px;
html
local
b
html
local
b
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Fuller2010-1
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Fuller2010_1-0 reference
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Free_exercise_of_religion mw-redirect Free exercise of religion
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Goldberg2000-2
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-0 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Smith2003-3
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Smith2003_3-0 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-O'FlahertyPetersen2010-4
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-O'FlahertyPetersen2010_4-0 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sabbath_desecration Sabbath desecration
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/First-day_Sabbatarian mw-redirect First-day Sabbatarian
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Labour_unions mw-redirect Labour unions
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Trade_associations mw-redirect Trade associations
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Goldberg2000-2
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-1 reference
html
local
span
title
The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (July 2017)
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch
html
local
i
html
local
sup
class style
noprint Inline-Template white-space:nowrap;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Malum_prohibitum Malum prohibitum
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Malum_in_se Malum in se
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Alcoholic_beverages mw-redirect Alcoholic beverages
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
h2
html
local
a
role tabindex class
button 0 togglelink
html
local
span
class
toctoggle
html
local
div
class dir xml:lang
toctitle ltr en
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#History
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-1
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Canada
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-2
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Cook_Islands,_Tonga_and_Niue
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-3
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Denmark
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-4
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#England_and_Wales
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Before_1994
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-6
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Since_1994
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-7
html
local
ul
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-5
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Northern_Ireland
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-8
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#United_States
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Court_cases
html
local
li
class
toclevel-2 tocsection-10
html
local
ul
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-9
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#See_also
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-11
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#References
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-12
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#Bibliography
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-13
html
local
span
class
tocnumber
html
local
span
class
toctext
html
local
a
href
#External_links
html
local
li
class
toclevel-1 tocsection-14
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
toc toc
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline History
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=1 Edit section: History
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href class title
/w/index.php?title=Third_Council_of_Orl%C3%A9ans&action=edit&redlink=1 new Third Council of Orléans (page does not exist)
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-5
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-5 reference
html
local
p
html
local
i
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Connecticut Connecticut
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Blue_Laws_(Connecticut) Blue Laws (Connecticut)
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Samuel_Peters Samuel Peters
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Puritan mw-redirect Puritan
html
local
p
html
local
i
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell Oliver Cromwell
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-6
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-6 reference
html
local
i
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-7
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-7 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/False_etymology False etymology
html
local
p
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/First-day_Sabbatarianism mw-redirect First-day Sabbatarianism
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Lord%27s_Day_Alliance Lord's Day Alliance
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Lord%27s_Day_Observance_Society mw-redirect Lord's Day Observance Society
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Labor_unions mw-redirect Labor unions
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-FahlbuschBromiley2005-8
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-FahlbuschBromiley2005_8-0 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/United_States_Congress United States Congress
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Fuller2010-1
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Fuller2010_1-1 reference
html
local
i
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Lord%27s_Day_Act mw-redirect Lord's Day Act
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-2005Roy-9
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-2005Roy_9-0 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Rybczy%C5%84ski1991-10
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Rybczyński1991_10-0 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-11
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-11 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dies_Domini Dies Domini
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II Pope John Paul II
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-12
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-12 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Earl_Warren Earl Warren
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Goldberg2000-2
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-2 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
title
The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (January 2013)
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words mw-redirect Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words
html
local
i
html
local
sup
class style
noprint Inline-Template white-space:nowrap;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Ladenschlussgesetz Ladenschlussgesetz
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Canada
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=2 Edit section: Canada
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
img
alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg/220px-Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg 220 332 thumbimage //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg/330px-Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg/440px-Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg 2x 584 880
html
local
a
href class
/wiki/File:Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg image
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/File:Ontario_Sunday_Laws.jpg internal Enlarge
html
local
div
class
thumbcaption magnify
html
local
div
class style
thumb tright thumbinner width:222px;
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/R._v._Big_M_Drug_Mart_Ltd. mw-redirect R. v. Big M Drug Mart Ltd.
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada Supreme Court of Canada
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Charter_of_Rights_and_Freedoms mw-redirect Charter of Rights and Freedoms
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-13
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-13 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-14
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-14 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/R._v._Edwards_Books_and_Art_Ltd. mw-redirect R. v. Edwards Books and Art Ltd.
html
local
i
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-15
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-15 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
id
Cook_Islands.2C_Tonga_and_Niue
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Cook_Islands,_Tonga_and_Niue
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=3 Edit section: Cook Islands, Tonga and Niue
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Cook_Islands Cook Islands
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/London_Missionary_Society London Missionary Society
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Ali%27i mw-redirect Ali'i
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Tonga Tonga
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Vava%27u_Code mw-redirect Vava'u Code
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Methodism Methodism
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Missionary Missionary
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Niue Niue
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/History_of_Niue History of Niue
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Denmark
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=4 Edit section: Denmark
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Denmark Denmark
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Maundy_Thursday Maundy Thursday
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-16
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-16 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline England_and_Wales
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=5 Edit section: England and Wales
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Before_1994
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=6 Edit section: Before 1994
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Since_1994
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=7 Edit section: Since 1994
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sunday_Trading_Act_1994 Sunday Trading Act 1994
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Lord%27s_Day_Observance_Society mw-redirect Lord's Day Observance Society
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-17
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-17 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Northern_Ireland
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=8 Edit section: Northern Ireland
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sunday_football_in_Northern_Ireland Sunday football in Northern Ireland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Irish_Football_Association Irish Football Association
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-18
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-18 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-19
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-19 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline United_States
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=9 Edit section: United States
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Blue_laws_in_the_United_States Blue laws in the United States
html
local
div
role class
note hatnote navigation-not-searchable
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Smith2003-3
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Smith2003_3-1 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Stephen_Johnson_Field Stephen Johnson Field
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Smith2003-3
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Smith2003_3-2 reference
html
local
p
html
local
p
html
local
i
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Smith2003-3
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Smith2003_3-3 reference
html
local
cite
html
local
div
class
templatequotecite
html
local
blockquote
class
templatequote
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage mw-redirect Alcoholic beverage
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-20
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-20 reference
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-21
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-21 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Blue_laws_in_the_United_States Blue laws in the United States
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Colorado Colorado
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Illinois Illinois
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Indiana Indiana
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Iowa Iowa
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Louisiana Louisiana
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Maine Maine
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Minnesota Minnesota
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Missouri Missouri
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Oklahoma Oklahoma
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/New_Jersey New Jersey
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/North_Dakota North Dakota
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Pennsylvania Pennsylvania
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wisconsin Wisconsin
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Maryland Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Charles_County,_Maryland Charles County, Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Prince_George%27s_County,_Maryland Prince George's County, Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Maryland Montgomery County, Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Howard_County,_Maryland Howard County, Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Michigan Michigan
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Utah Utah
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-22
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-22 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Massachusetts Massachusetts
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Rhode_Island Rhode Island
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Maine Maine
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-23
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-23 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Thanksgiving Thanksgiving
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-24
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-24 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Baylor_University Baylor University
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Coffman2009-25
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Coffman2009_25-0 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Christianity_Today Christianity Today
html
local
i
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Coffman2009-25
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Coffman2009_25-1 reference
html
local
p
html
local
blockquote
class
templatequote
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Court_cases
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=10 Edit section: Court cases
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h3
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Thaddeus_Stevens Thaddeus Stevens
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-26
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-26 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States Supreme Court of the United States
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/McGowan_v._Maryland McGowan v. Maryland
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Maryland Maryland
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Free_Exercise_Clause Free Exercise Clause
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Establishment_Clause Establishment Clause
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution First Amendment to the United States Constitution
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Church_attendance Church attendance
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Christian_Sabbath mw-redirect Christian Sabbath
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-27
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-27 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Gallagher_v._Crown_Kosher_Super_Market_of_Mass.,_Inc. mw-redirect Gallagher v. Crown Kosher Super Market of Mass., Inc.
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Braunfeld_v._Brown Braunfeld v. Brown
html
local
i
html
local
i
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-28
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-28 reference
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Earl_Warren Earl Warren
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-Goldberg2000-2
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-3 reference
html
local
p
html
local
a
href
#cite_note-kvia.com-29
html
local
sup
id class
cite_ref-kvia.com_29-0 reference
html
local
p
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline See_also
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=11 Edit section: See also
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Desuetude Desuetude
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Dry_county Dry county
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Jan_Marcussen Jan Marcussen
html
local
i
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Neo-prohibitionism Neo-prohibitionism
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Raines_law Raines law
html
local
li
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Religious_coercion_(disambiguation) mw-redirect mw-disambig Religious coercion (disambiguation)
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Religious_law Religious law
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sunday_shopping Sunday shopping
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Sundown_town Sundown town
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline References
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=12 Edit section: References
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Fuller2010_1-0
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Fuller2010_1-1
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780252091353 Special:BookSources/9780252091353
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Morality+and+the+Mail+in+Nineteenth-Century+America&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=University+of+Illinois+Press&rft.date=2010-10-01&rft.isbn=9780252091353&rft.aulast=Fuller&rft.aufirst=Wayne+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Fuller2010-1
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-0
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-1
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-2
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Goldberg2000_2-3
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814731055 Special:BookSources/9780814731055
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seduced+by+Science%3A+How+American+Religion+Has+Lost+Its+Way&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780814731055&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Goldberg2000-2
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Smith2003_3-0
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Smith2003_3-1
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Smith2003_3-2
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Smith2003_3-3
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520230002 Special:BookSources/9780520230002
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secular+Revolution%3A+Power%2C+Interests%2C+and+Conflict+in+the+Secularization+of+American+Public+Life&rft.pages=319&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780520230002&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Smith2003-3
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-O'FlahertyPetersen2010_4-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780802865830 Special:BookSources/9780802865830
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sunday%2C+Sabbath%2C+and+the+Weekend%3A+Managing+Time+in+a+Global+Culture&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=2010-09-07&rft.isbn=9780802865830&rft.aulast=O%27Flaherty&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Petersen%2C+Rodney+L.&rft.au=Norton%2C+Timothy+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-O'FlahertyPetersen2010-4
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-5
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://biblelight.net/sunday.htm
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Religion+and+Ethics+%28New+York%3A+Scribner%2C+1928%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiblelight.net%2Fsunday.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-5
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-6
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-6
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-7
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.snopes.com/language/colors/bluelaws.htm
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-7
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-FahlbuschBromiley2005_8-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780802824165 Special:BookSources/9780802824165
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Christianity&rft.pages=787&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780802824165&rft.aulast=Fahlbusch&rft.aufirst=Erwin&rft.au=Bromiley%2C+Geoffrey+William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-FahlbuschBromiley2005-8
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-2005Roy_9-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576070895 Special:BookSources/9781576070895
html
local
q
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Traditional+Festivals%3A+A+Multicultural+Encyclopedia&rft.pages=457&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781576070895&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-2005Roy-9
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Rybczy%C5%84ski1991_10-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780670830015 Special:BookSources/9780670830015
html
local
q
html
local
cite
class
citation book
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Waiting+for+the+Weekend&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Viking+Penguin&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9780670830015&rft.aulast=Rybczy%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Witold&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Rybczyński1991-10
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-11
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel href class
nofollow https://www.amazon.com/Moral-Minorities-Making-American-Democracy/dp/0199371911/ external text
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/019937192X Special:BookSources/019937192X
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-11
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-12
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://religiousliberty.tv/north-dakota-catholic-conference-says-sunday-law-benefits-all-people-ewtn-news.html
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=North+Dakota+Catholic+Conference+says+%27Sunday+law%27+Benefits+All+People&rft.pub=EWTN+News&rft.date=2011-09-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freligiousliberty.tv%2Fnorth-dakota-catholic-conference-says-sunday-law-benefits-all-people-ewtn-news.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-12
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-13
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20110509175904/http://www.canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/1985/1985canlii69/1985canlii69.html
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://canlii.org/en/ca/scc/doc/1985/1985canlii69/1985canlii69.html
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CanLII+%E2%80%93+1985+CanLII+69+%28S.C.C.%29&rft.pub=Canadian+Legal+Information+Institute+%28CanLII.org%29&rft.date=2009-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcanlii.org%2Fen%2Fca%2Fscc%2Fdoc%2F1985%2F1985canlii69%2F1985canlii69.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-13
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-14
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://news.nationalpost.com/full-comment/allan-levine-never-mind-ford-nation-hogtown-has-a-long-history-of-drunks-tyrants-and-loudmouths-running-city-hall
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Allan+Levine%3A+Never+mind+Ford+Nation.+Hogtown+has+a+long+history+of+drunks%2C+tyrants+and+loudmouths+running+City+Hall&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2Ffull-comment%2Fallan-levine-never-mind-ford-nation-hogtown-has-a-long-history-of-drunks-tyrants-and-loudmouths-running-city-hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-14
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-15
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Social_Science_Research_Network Social Science Research Network
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text //ssrn.com/abstract=2260582
html
local
img
alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height
Freely accessible //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png Freely accessible 9 14 //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x 512 813
html
local
span
class
plainlinks
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunday+Observance+Laws+in+North+America&rft.pub=Social+Science+Research+Network+%28SSRN%29&rft.date=2012-02-20&rft_id=%2F%2Fssrn.com%2Fabstract%3D2260582&rft.au=Louis-Philippe+Raynault-Ollu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
code
style
color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url Help:CS1 errors
html
local
span
style class
display:none;font-size:100% error citation-comment
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-15
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-16
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.retsinformation.dk/Forms/R0710.aspx?id=132057
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lov+om+%C3%A6ndring+af+lov+om+detailsalg+fra+butikker+m.v.+-+Liberalisering+af+reglerne+om+%C3%A5bningstid+-+retsinformation.dk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.retsinformation.dk%2FForms%2FR0710.aspx%3Fid%3D132057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-16
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-17
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.gov.uk/trading-hours-for-retailers-the-law
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trading+hours+for+retailers%3A+the+law&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Ftrading-hours-for-retailers-the-law&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-17
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-18
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2007/sep/02/northernireland.northernireland
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=New+bid+for+Sunday+football&rft.au=Henry+McDonald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fuk%2F2007%2Fsep%2F02%2Fnorthernireland.northernireland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-18
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-19
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://www.nibusinessinfo.co.uk/content/seasonal-and-sunday-trading
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seasonal+and+Sunday+Trading&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nibusinessinfo.co.uk%2Fcontent%2Fseasonal-and-sunday-trading&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-19
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-20
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.alcoholproblemsandsolutions.org/Controversies/Alcohol-Blue-Laws.html
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alcohol+Blue+Laws+%28Laws+Prohibiting+Sunday+Sales+of+Alcoholic+Beverages%29&rft.aulast=Ph.D.&rft.aufirst=Prof.+David+J.+Hanson%2C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alcoholproblemsandsolutions.org%2FControversies%2FAlcohol-Blue-Laws.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-20
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-21
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.goupstate.com/news/20160924/gaffney-churches-seek-to-stop-sunday-alcohol-sales
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gaffney+churches+seek+to+stop+Sunday+alcohol+sales&rft.aulast=Montgomery&rft.aufirst=Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goupstate.com%2Fnews%2F20160924%2Fgaffney-churches-seek-to-stop-sunday-alcohol-sales&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-21
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-22
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://wcco.com/consumer/local_story_324235359.html
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/WCCO-TV WCCO-TV
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20070929084311/http://wcco.com/consumer/local_story_324235359.html
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wayback_Machine Wayback Machine
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-22
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-23
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.mainelegislature.org/legis/statutes/17/title17sec3204.html
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Title+17%2C+%C2%A73204%3A+Business%2C+traveling+or+recreation+on+Sunday&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainelegislature.org%2Flegis%2Fstatutes%2F17%2Ftitle17sec3204.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-23
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-24
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel href class
nofollow http://www.boston.com/news/globe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/2006/11/25/a_turkey_of_a_blue_law/ external text
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/Boston_Globe mw-redirect Boston Globe
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-24
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Coffman2009_25-0
html
local
b
html
local
i
html
local
sup
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-Coffman2009_25-1
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.christianitytoday.com/history/2009/february/bye-bye-blue-laws.html
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Christianity_Today Christianity Today
html
local
span
class
nowrap
html
local
span
class
reference-accessdate
html
local
cite
class
citation web
html
local
span
style
display:none;
html
local
span
title class
ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bye-Bye%2C+Blue+Laws%3F&rft.pub=Christianity+Today&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Coffman&rft.aufirst=Elesha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianitytoday.com%2Fhistory%2F2009%2Ffebruary%2Fbye-bye-blue-laws.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABlue+law Z3988
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-Coffman2009-25
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-26
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
i
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-26
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-27
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=366&invol=420
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States Supreme Court of the United States
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-27
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-28
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://worldincrisis.org/NSLC/NSLC-9.htm
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-28
html
local
span
class
cite-accessibility-label
html
local
a
href
#cite_ref-kvia.com_29-0
html
local
b
html
local
span
class
mw-cite-backlink
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.kvia.com/Global/story.asp?S=4669315
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://web.archive.org/web/20080531032841/http://www.kvia.com/Global/story.asp?S=4669315
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wayback_Machine Wayback Machine
html
local
a
href class title
/wiki/KVIA mw-redirect KVIA
html
local
span
class
reference-text
html
local
li
id
cite_note-kvia.com-29
html
local
ol
class
references
html
local
div
class style
reflist columns references-column-width -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline Bibliography
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=13 Edit section: Bibliography
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81472-3 Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81472-3
html
local
li
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2283-0 Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2283-0
html
local
li
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/019937192X Special:BookSources/019937192X
html
local
li
html
local
i
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number International Standard Book Number
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56639-861-9 Special:BookSources/978-1-56639-861-9
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
span
class id
mw-headline External_links
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit&section=14 Edit section: External links
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection-bracket
html
local
span
class
mw-editsection
html
local
h2
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&crawlid=1&srctype=smi&srcid=3B15&doctype=cite&docid=60+Vand.+L.+Rev.+1273&key=0bb1c77e13ff46d548b229939805df78
html
local
li
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://digital.library.okstate.edu/encyclopedia/entries/B/BL014.html
html
local
li
html
local
a
rel href class
nofollow http://www.mass.gov/lwd/labor-standards/dls/mass-blue-laws/ external text
html
local
li
html
local
a
rel class href
nofollow external text http://www.pantagraph.com/news/local/sunday-movies-come-to-bloomington-in/article_27ea9b0c-a481-11e2-889a-001a4bcf887a.html
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
mw-parser-output
html
local
img
src alt title width height style
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1 1 1 border: none; position: absolute;
html
local
noscript
html
local
div
id lang dir class
mw-content-text en ltr mw-content-ltr
html
local
a
dir href
ltr https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&oldid=821008115
html
local
div
class
printfooter
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Help:Category Help:Category
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Political_terminology_of_the_United_States Category:Political terminology of the United States
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Religion_and_law Category:Religion and law
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Sunday_shopping Category:Sunday shopping
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Sabbath_in_Christianity Category:Sabbath in Christianity
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
mw-normal-catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Pages_using_web_citations_with_no_URL Category:Pages using web citations with no URL
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links Category:Webarchive template wayback links
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2012 Category:Use mdy dates from October 2012
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_July_2017 Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from July 2017
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
html
local
li
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_January_2013 Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2013
html
local
li
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id class
mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden
html
local
div
id class data-mw
catlinks catlinks interface
html
local
div
class
visualClear
html
local
div
id class
bodyContent mw-body-content
html
local
div
id class role
content mw-body main
html
local
h2
html
local
h3
id
p-personal-label
html
local
li
id
pt-anonuserpage
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:MyTalk Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n] n
html
local
li
id
pt-anontalk
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:MyContributions A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y] y
html
local
li
id
pt-anoncontribs
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Blue+law You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory
html
local
li
id
pt-createaccount
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Blue+law You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o] o
html
local
li
id
pt-login
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-personal navigation p-personal-label
html
local
h3
id
p-namespaces-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Blue_law View the content page [ctrl-alt-c] c
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-nstab-main selected
html
local
a
href rel title accesskey
/wiki/Talk:Blue_law discussion Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t] t
html
local
span
html
local
li
id
ca-talk
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label
html
local
span
html
local
h3
id tabindex
p-variants-label 0
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
menu
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-variants navigation vectorMenu emptyPortlet p-variants-label
html
local
div
id
left-navigation
html
local
h3
id
p-views-label
html
local
a
href
/wiki/Blue_law
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-view collapsible selected
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=edit Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e] e
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-edit collapsible
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=history Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h] h
html
local
span
html
local
li
id class
ca-history collapsible
html
local
ul
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label
html
local
span
html
local
h3
id tabindex
p-cactions-label 0
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
menu
html
local
div
id role class aria-labelledby
p-cactions navigation vectorMenu emptyPortlet p-cactions-label
html
local
label
for
searchInput
html
local
h3
html
local
div
id role
p-search search
html
local
div
id
right-navigation
html
local
div
id
mw-head
html
local
a
class href title
mw-wiki-logo /wiki/Main_Page Visit the main page
html
local
div
id role
p-logo banner
html
local
h3
id
p-navigation-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Main_Page Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z] z
html
local
li
id
n-mainpage-description
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Contents Guides to browsing Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-contents
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Featured_content Featured content – the best of Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-featuredcontent
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Portal:Current_events Find background information on current events
html
local
li
id
n-currentevents
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:Random Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x] x
html
local
li
id
n-randompage
html
local
a
href title
https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en Support us
html
local
li
id
n-sitesupport
html
local
a
href title
//shop.wikimedia.org Visit the Wikipedia store
html
local
li
id
n-shoplink
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label
html
local
h3
id
p-interaction-label
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Help:Contents Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-help
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:About Find out about Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-aboutsite
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal About the project, what you can do, where to find things
html
local
li
id
n-portal
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:RecentChanges A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r] r
html
local
li
id
n-recentchanges
html
local
a
href title
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us How to contact Wikipedia
html
local
li
id
n-contactpage
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label
html
local
h3
id
p-tb-label
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Blue_law List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j] j
html
local
li
id
t-whatlinkshere
html
local
a
href rel title accesskey
/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Blue_law nofollow Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k] k
html
local
li
id
t-recentchangeslinked
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard Upload files [ctrl-alt-u] u
html
local
li
id
t-upload
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/wiki/Special:SpecialPages A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q] q
html
local
li
id
t-specialpages
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&oldid=821008115 Permanent link to this revision of the page
html
local
li
id
t-permalink
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&action=info More information about this page
html
local
li
id
t-info
html
local
a
href title accesskey
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2907261 Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g] g
html
local
li
id
t-wikibase
html
local
a
href title
/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Blue_law&id=821008115 Information on how to cite this page
html
local
li
id
t-cite
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-tb p-tb-label
html
local
h3
id
p-coll-print_export-label
html
local
a
href
/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Blue+law
html
local
li
id
coll-create_a_book
html
local
a
href
/w/index.php?title=Special:ElectronPdf&page=Blue+law&action=show-download-screen
html
local
li
id
coll-download-as-rdf2latex
html
local
a
href title accesskey
/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&printable=yes Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p] p
html
local
li
id
t-print
html
local
ul
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-coll-print_export p-coll-print_export-label
html
local
span
class title tabindex role aria-haspopup
uls-settings-trigger Language settings 0 button true
html
local
h3
id
p-lang-label
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A3%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%82 قانون أزرق – Arabic ar ar interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-ar
html
local
a
href title lang hreflang class
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_laws_(%C3%89tats-Unis_et_Canada) Blue laws (États-Unis et Canada) – French fr fr interlanguage-link-target
html
local
li
class
interlanguage-link interwiki-fr
html
local
ul
html
local
a
href title class
https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2907261#sitelinks-wikipedia Edit interlanguage links wbc-editpage
html
local
span
class
wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link
html
local
div
class
after-portlet after-portlet-lang
html
local
div
class
body
html
local
div
class role id aria-labelledby
portal navigation p-lang p-lang-label
html
local
div
id
mw-panel
html
local
div
id
mw-navigation
html
local
li
id
footer-info-lastmod
html
local
a
rel href
license //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_3.0_Unported_License
html
local
a
rel href style
license //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ display:none;
html
local
a
href
//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Terms_of_Use
html
local
a
href
//wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy
html
local
a
href
//www.wikimediafoundation.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-info-copyright
html
local
ul
id
footer-info
html
local
a
href class title
https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Privacy_policy extiw wmf:Privacy policy
html
local
li
id
footer-places-privacy
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:About Wikipedia:About
html
local
li
id
footer-places-about
html
local
a
href title
/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer Wikipedia:General disclaimer
html
local
li
id
footer-places-disclaimer
html
local
a
href
//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us
html
local
li
id
footer-places-contact
html
local
a
href
https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/How_to_contribute
html
local
li
id
footer-places-developers
html
local
a
href
https://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Cookie_statement
html
local
li
id
footer-places-cookiestatement
html
local
a
href class
//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_law&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle
html
local
li
id
footer-places-mobileview
html
local
a
href
#
html
local
li
style
html
local
ul
id
footer-places
html
local
img
src srcset width height alt
/static/images/wikimedia-button.png /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x 88 31 Wikimedia Foundation
html
local
a
href
https://wikimediafoundation.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-copyrightico
html
local
img
src alt srcset width height
/static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_88x31.png Powered by MediaWiki /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x 88 31
html
local
a
href
//www.mediawiki.org/
html
local
li
id
footer-poweredbyico
html
local
ul
id class
footer-icons noprint
html
local
div
style
clear: both;
html
local
div
id role
footer contentinfo
html
local
div
class
suggestions-results
html
local
div
class
suggestions-special
html
local
div
class style
suggestions display: none; font-size: 13px;
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 10 8, 18 0, 26 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-mask
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 274 8, 282 0, 290 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-mask-flip
html
local
polygon
points
0 8, 174 8, 182 0, 190 8, 1000 8, 1000 1000, 0 1000
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-landscape-mask
html
local
polygon
points
0 0, 1000 0, 1000 242, 190 242, 182 250, 174 242, 0 242
html
local
clippath
id
mwe-popups-landscape-mask-flip
html
local
defs
html
local
svg
width height
0 0
html
local
div
id
mwe-popups-svg
html
local
body
class
mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Blue_law rootpage-Blue_law skin-vector action-view
html
local