 <unk> has not , however , been universally adopted ; Michael R. Rhodes notes that there has been some controversy in the literature on whether to use throffer , citing a number of writers , including Lawrence A. Alexander , David Zimmerman and Daniel Lyons , who do not use the term . Some , including political scientists Deiniol Jones and Andrew Rigby , consider throffer to be synonymous with carrot and stick , an idiom which refers to the way a donkey is offered a carrot to encourage compliance , while noncompliance is punished with a stick . Other writers , while electing to use the word , consider it a poor one . For instance , literary scholar Daniel Shore calls it " a somewhat unfortunate term " , while using it in his analysis of John Milton 's Paradise Regained . 
