 The controversy surrounding the Rampart Dam project illustrated the growing shift in the environmental movement during the 1960s . Rather than becoming focused singularly on solely preserving the natural beauty of a particular landscape , as had inspired the creation of the U.S. National Park Service in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century , naturalists and environmentalists began to consider the human cost of development as well . Though opposition to Rampart was founded primarily on economic and natural grounds , it consequences for the Alaska Native population in the region reflected later concerns about industrial development in more urban areas . 
