 The empress fell ill on 24 November 1780 , ostensibly of a chill . Her physician Dr. <unk> thought her condition serious . By 28 November , she asked for the last rites , and the next day , at about nine o 'clock in the evening , she died surrounded by her remaining children . With her , the House of Habsburg died out and was replaced by the House of Habsburg @-@ Lorraine . Joseph , already co @-@ sovereign of the Habsburg dominions , succeeded her . Her longtime rival Frederick of Prussia , on hearing of her death , said that she had honored her throne and her sex , and though he had fought against her in three wars , he never considered her his enemy . 
