 In Spain , the red @-@ billed chough has recently expanded its range by utilising old buildings , with 1 @,@ 175 breeding pairs in a 9 @,@ 716 square kilometres ( 3 @,@ 751 square miles ) mi ) study area . These new breeding areas usually surround the original montane core areas . However , the populations with nest sites on buildings are threatened by human disturbance , persecution and the loss of old buildings . Fossils of both chough species were found in the mountains of the Canary Islands . The local extinction of the Alpine chough and the reduced range of red @-@ billed chough in the islands may have been due to climate change or human activity . 
