 Although the PVA 13th Army had a nominal strength of 230 @,@ 000 men , its actual strength during the battle could be as low as 150 @,@ 000 men . The PVA 66th Corps , for example , had only 6 @,@ 600 men per division at the start of the battle , as opposed to the expected 10 @,@ 000 men per division . There were also only one firearm available for every three Chinese soldiers , and the rest were employed as grenade throwers . Because most of the Chinese howitzers and guns were left behind in Manchuria , mortars were the only artillery support available for the Chinese . For the counteroffensive , the average Chinese soldier were issued with only five days worth of rations and ammunition , and resupply could only be obtained by scavenging on the battlefield . To compensate for its shortcomings , the Chinese relied extensively on night attacks and infiltrations in order to avoid the UN firepower . The primitive logistics system had also allowed the Chinese to maneuver over the rough hilly terrains , thus enabled them to by @-@ pass the UN defenses and to surround the isolated UN positions . Because the Chinese had captured large numbers of Nationalist weapons during the Chinese Civil War , most of the Chinese weapons were composed of US made small arms such as the Thompson submachine gun , the M1 Garand rifle , the M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle , the bazooka and the M2 mortar . 
