 Australia has no state religion ; Section 116 of the Australian Constitution prohibits the federal government from making any law to establish any religion , impose any religious observance , or prohibit the free exercise of any religion . In the 2011 census , 61 @.@ 1 % of Australians were counted as Christian , including 25 @.@ 3 % as Roman Catholic and 17 @.@ 1 % as Anglican ; 22 @.@ 3 % of the population reported having " no religion " ; 7 @.@ 2 % identify with non @-@ Christian religions , the largest of these being Buddhism ( 2 @.@ 5 % ) , followed by Islam ( 2 @.@ 2 % ) , Hinduism ( 1 @.@ 3 % ) and Judaism ( 0 @.@ 5 % ) . The remaining 9 @.@ 4 % of the population did not provide an adequate answer . 
