 Three judges testified as character witnesses : John Peter Barnes ( N.D. Ill . ) on behalf of Glasser , Kretske , and Roth ; Charles Edgar Woodward ( N.D. Ill . ) on behalf of Glasser and Kretske ; and state judge John F. Haas on behalf of Kretske . Kaplan and Horton both took the stand , denying that they ever paid money to Glasser or Kretske . Two defense attorneys , Henry Balaban and Edward J. Hess ( who was representing Kaplan at the trial ) , who had also defended clients in cases the government 's case @-@ in @-@ chief had alleged to be fixed , denying paying bribes to Glasser or Kretske ( although the government had not accused them of this ) . Glasser 's testimony took three hours , as he was cross @-@ examined individually about every single case that the government had alleged to have been fixed . 
