 By the end of the 19th century the colliery site had become crowded , and included a brickworks that used fireclay and shale spoil from the pit . It was surrounded by housing and factories in what was one of the most industrial parts of Manchester . The ready supply of coal encouraged the development of Manchester 's chemical industry around the colliery and in the northeast of the city generally . A factory producing carbolic acid from coal tar was established in 1857 , and sulphuric acid and naphthalene were produced from 1865 in nearby Blackley , later the site of ICI 's Dyestuff 's Division . 
