 Robert Entenmann , professor of history at St. Olaf College , criticized the work on the grounds that the " Japanese historical background Chang presents is clichéd , simplistic , stereotyped , and often inaccurate . " On Chang 's treatment of modern Japanese reaction to the massacre , he writes that Chang seemed " unable to differentiate between some members of the ultranationalist fringe and other Japanese " , and that " her own ethnic prejudice implicitly pervades her book . " Stating that Chang 's description of the massacre is " open to criticism " , Entenmann further commented that Chang " does not adequately explain why the massacre occurred " . 
