p02710 AtCoder Beginner Contest 163 - path pass i
We have a tree with N vertices numbered 1 to N. The i-th edge in this tree connects Vertex a_i and b_i. Additionally, each vertex is painted in a color, and the color of Vertex i is c_i. Here, the color of each vertex is represented by an integer between 1 and N (inclusive). The same integer corresponds to the same color; different integers correspond to different colors.

For each k=1, 2, ..., N, solve the following problem:

* Find the number of simple paths that visit a vertex painted in the color k one or more times.



Note: The simple paths from Vertex u to v and from v to u are not distinguished.

Constraints

* 1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5
* 1 \leq c_i \leq N
* 1 \leq a_i,b_i \leq N
* The given graph is a tree.
* All values in input are integers.

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:


N
c_1 c_2 ... c_N
a_1 b_1
:
a_{N-1} b_{N-1}


Output

Print the answers for k = 1, 2, ..., N in order, each in its own line.

Examples

Input

3
1 2 1
1 2
2 3


Output

5
4
0


Input

1
1


Output

1


Input

2
1 2
1 2


Output

2
2


Input

5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
3 5


Output

5
8
10
5
5


Input

8
2 7 2 5 4 1 7 5
3 1
1 2
2 7
4 5
5 6
6 8
7 8


Output

18
15
0
14
23
0
23
0
```python
import sys
read = sys.stdin.buffer.read
readline = sys.stdin.buffer.readline
readlines = sys.stdin.buffer.readlines


def EulerTour(graph, root=1):
    N = len(graph) - 1
    parent = [0] * (N + 1)
    stack = [-root, root]
    tour = []
    ind_L = [0] * (N + 1)
    ind_R = [0] * (N + 1)
    i = -1
    while stack:
        v = stack.pop()
        tour.append(v)
        i += 1
        if v > 0:
            ind_L[v] = i
            p = parent[v]
            for w in graph[v]:
                if w == p:
                    continue
                parent[w] = v
                stack.append(-w)
                stack.append(w)
        else:
            ind_R[-v] = i
    return tour, ind_L, ind_R, parent


N = int(readline())
graph = [[] for _ in range(N + 1)]
C = (0,) + tuple(map(int, readline().split()))
m = map(int, read().split())
for a, b in zip(m, m):
    graph[a].append(b)
    graph[b].append(a)

tour, ind_L, ind_R, parent = EulerTour(graph)
removed = [0] * (N + 1)
answer = [N * (N + 1) // 2] * (N + 1)
memo = [0] * (N + 1)

for v in tour:
    if v > 0:
        memo[v] = removed[C[parent[v]]]
    else:
        v = -v
        removed[C[v]] += 1
        p = parent[v]
        x = (ind_R[v] - ind_L[v]) // 2 + 1  # subtree size
        x -= removed[C[p]] - memo[v]
        answer[C[p]] -= x * (x + 1) // 2
        removed[C[p]] += x

for i, x in enumerate(removed):
    x = N - x
    answer[i] -= x * (x + 1) // 2
print('\n'.join(map(str, answer[1:])))

```