What is functionalism?
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Functionalism is an early 20th century philosophical and social theory that describes how the “parts of a whole” interact to create the “function” of the whole.  The typical example of a functionalist analysis is the study of how different brain areas relate to each other to perform overall mental functions, such as perception or motor control.  Many functionalist theories underline the idea that society and culture are also created by the complex interplay between the “parts” of society and their cultural institutions, such as schools, governments, and families.
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What is functionalism?
user
Functionalism is a theoretical perspective in the social sciences, particularly in sociology, anthropology, and psychology, that emphasizes the importance of social functions rather than social structures. Functionalism emphasizes the internal dynamics of a society or group by studying the social functions that individuals, groups, and organizations fulfill rather than the structural relationship between individuals and groups.  In functionalist perspective, societies are seen as complex systems, with well-defined higher-level functions from the various structural components that work in combination to allow the system to run well. 

Examples studied in functionalist analysis include kinship or family roles, economic roles, religious beliefs, cultural norms, political systems, and educational institutions. Functionalists believe that social phenomena are the result of the performance of social functions, and thus social outcomes are a result of the structure’s adaptiveness to changing conditions. 

Here are some further key points:

- One of the founding theorists of sociological functionalism was the 20th century sociologist Emile Durkheim who emphasized the social division of labor and its regulating role in modern societies.

- Functionalism is considered an “action” theory in that it focuses on the role of social institutions toward a society’s well functioning. 
- Examples of functional
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What is functionalism?