6.2 O Pāṇḍava, what is called renunciation, or sannyāsa, you must know to be the same as yoga, or uniting oneself with the Supreme, for never can anyone become a yogī, until he renounces the desire for self-gratification [saṅkalpa].

*ārurukṣormuner yogaṃ karma kāraṇamucyate I yogārūḍhasya tasyaiva śamaḥ kāraṇamucyate II 6.3*

ārurukṣoḥ: one wishing to ascend to the state of yoga (no-mind state); muneḥ: of the sage; yogaṃ: yoga system; karma: work; kāraṇaṃ: cause; ucyate: is said to be; yoga: yoga; arūḍhasya: of one who has attained; tasya: his; eva: certainly; śamaḥ: cessation of all activities; kāraṇaṃ: cause; ucyate: is said to be

6.3 A one desirious of achieving the state of yoga or no-mind state, action is said to be the means and for the one who is already elevated in yoga, cessation from all actions is said to be the means.

*yadā hi nendriyārtheṣu na karmasvanuṣajjate I sarvasankalpasannyāsī yogārūḍhastadocyate II 6.4*

yadā: when; hi: certainly; na: not; indriyārtheṣu: in sense gratification; na: never; karmasu: in fruitive activities; anuṣajjate: does necessarily engage; sarva sankalpa: all material desires; sannyāsī: renouncer; yogārūḍhaḥ: elevated in yoga; tadā: at that time; ucyate: is said to be

6.4 Any one is said to have attained the state of yoga when, having renounced all material desires, he neither acts for sense gratification nor engages in result focused activities.

*uddhared ātmanātmānaṃ natmānam avasādayet I ātmaiva hyātmano bandhur ātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ II 6.5*

uddharet: one must deliver; ātmanā: by the mind; ātmānaṃ: the conditioned soul; na: never; ātmānaṃ: the conditioned soul; avasādayet: put into degradation; ātmā: mind; eva: certainly; hi : surely; ātmanaḥ: of the conditioned soul; bandhuḥ: friend; ātmā: mind; eva: certainly; ripuḥ: enemy; ātmanaḥ: of the conditioned soul

6.5 You are your own friend; you are your own enemy. Evolve yourself through the Self and do not degrade yourself.

*bandhur ātmātmanas tasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ I anātmanastu śatrutve vartetātmaiva śatruvat II 6.6*

bandhuḥ: friend; ātmā: the Self; ātmanaḥ: of the living entity; tasya: of him; yena: by whom; ātmā: the Self; eva: certainly; ātmanā: by the living entity; jitaḥ: conquered; anātmanaḥ: of one who has failed to control the Self; tu: but; śatrutve: because of enmity; varteta: remains; ātmā eva: the very mind; śatruvat: as an enemy

6.6 For him who has conquered the Self, the Self is the best of friends; for one who has failed to do so, his Self will remain the greatest enemy.

*jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ I śītoṣṇa-sukha duḥkheṣu tathā mānāpamānayoḥ II 6.7*

jitātmanaḥ: of one who has conquered his self; praśāntasya: who has attained tranquility; paramātmā: Supreme; samāhitaḥ: approached completely; śītoṣṇa: in cold heat; sukha: happiness; duḥkheṣu: and distress; tathā: also; māna: in honor; apamānayoḥ: dishonor

6.7 For one who has conquered the self, who has attained tranquility, the Supreme is already reached. Such a person remains in this state in happiness or distress, heat or cold, honor or dishonor.

*jñāna-vijñāna-tṛptātmā kūṭastho vijitendriyaḥ I yukta ityucyate yogī sama-loṣṭāśma-kāñcanaḥ II 6.8*

jñāna: acquired knowledge; vijñāna: realized knowledge; tṛptātmā: contented self; kūṭasthaḥ: established in Self-realization; vijitendriyaḥ: one who has subdued his senses; yukta: competent for self-realization; iti: thus; ucyate: is said; yogī: one established in yoga; sama: equipoised; loṣṭāśma: lump of earth, stone; kāñcanaḥ: gold

6.8 A person whose mind is contented because of spiritual knowledge, who has subdued his senses and to whom stone and gold are same and who is satisfied with what he is having, is said to be established in Self-realization and is called an enlightened being.

## Bhagavad Gita Decoded

# *suhṛn-mitrāry-udāsīna madhyastha-dveṣya bandhuṣu I sadhuṣvapi ca pāpeṣu sama-buddhir viśiṣyate II 6.9*

suhṛt: to well-wishers by nature; mitra: affectionate benefactors; ari: enemies; udāsīna: neutral; madhyastha: mediators; dveṣya: envious; bandhuṣu: friends; sādhuṣu: pious; api: also; ca: and; pāpeṣu: sinners; sama: equal buddhiḥ: with equal mind; viśiṣyate: is further advanced

6.9 A person is considered truly advanced when he regards honest well-wishers, affectionate benefactors, the neutral, mediators, the envious, friends and enemies, the pious and the sinners all with an equal mind.

*yogī yuñjīta satatam ātmānaṃ rahasi sthitaḥ I ekākī yatachittātmā nirāśīraparigrahaḥ II 6.10*

yogī: yogi; yuñjīta: concentrate; satataṃ: always; ātmānaṃ: himself; rahasi: in a secluded place; sthitaḥ: situated; ekākī : alone; yatachittātmā : careful in mind; nir āśīḥ: without being attracted by anything else; aparigrahaḥ: free from the feeling of possessiveness

6.10 A Yogī should always try to concentrate his mind on the Supreme Self; situated in a secluded place, he should carefully control his mind without being attracted by anything and should be free from the feeling of possessiveness.

*śucau deśe pratiṣṭhāpya sthiram āsanam ātmanaḥ I nātyucchritaṃ nātinīcaṃ cailājina-kuśottaram II 6.11*

śucau: in a clean state; deśe: land; pratiṣṭhāpya: placing; sthiraṃ: stable; āsanaṃ: seat; ātmanaḥ: own; na: not; ati: very low; ucchritaṃ: high; na: not; nīcaṃ: low; caila ajina: of soft cloth and deerskin; kuśa: kuśa grass; uttaraṃ: covering

6.11 On a clean and pure place, one should establish his seat by laying kuśa grass, a deer skin and a cloth, one over another, neither too high nor too low.

*tatraikāgraṃ manaḥ kṛtvā yata-cittendriya-kriyaḥ I upaviśyāsane yuñjyād yogamātmaviśuddhaye II 6.12*

tatra: then; ekāgraṃ: with one focus; manaḥ: mind; kṛtvā: making; yata cittendriya kriyaḥ: having restrained the functions of the mind and senses; upaviśya: sitting; āsane: on the seat; yuñjyāt: should execute; yogaṃ: yoga; ātma: oneself; viśuddhaye: to purify

6.12 Sitting firmly on that pure seat, the yogi should practice the purification of the self by controlling the activities of mind and the senses

*samaṃ kāyaśirogrīvaṃ dhārayannacalaṃ sthiraḥ I samprekṣya nāsikāgraṃ svaṃ diśaścānavalokayan II 6.13*

samaṃ: straight; kāya: body; śiraḥ: head; grīvaṃ: neck; dhārayan: holding; acalaṃ: steady; sthiraḥ: still; saṃprekṣya: looking; nāsika: nose; agraṃ: at the tip; svaṃ: own; diśaḥ: directions; ca: and; anavalokayan: not looking

6.13 Holding the body, head and neck steady, look at the tip of your nose without looking in any other direction.

*praśāntātmā vigatabhīr brahmacārivrate sthitaḥ I manaḥ saṃyamya maccitto yukta āsī ta matparaḥ II 6.14*

praśāntātmā: unagitated mind; vigatabhīḥ: free from fear; brahmachārivrate: in the vow of living with Existence; sthitaḥ: situated; manaḥ: mind; saṃyamya: controlling; maccittaḥ: mind fixed in Me; yuktaḥ: balanced; āsīta: sit; matparaḥ: Me supreme goal

6.14 Sit with an unagitated mind, free from fear and in tune with Existence, controlling the mind, focusing it on Me and make Me the supreme goal.

*yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī niyatamānasaḥ I śāntiṃ nirvāṇa paramāṃ mat-saṃsthām adhigacchati II 6.15*

yuñjan: practicing; evaṃ: thus; sadā: always; ātmānaṃ: Self; yogī : yogi; niyata: controlled; mānasaḥ: mind; śāntiṃ: peace; nirvāṇa: liberation; paramāṃ: supreme; matsaṃsthāṃ: My kingdom; adhigacchati: attain

6.15 Always practising control over the mind and situated in the Self, the yogi attains peace, the supreme liberation and My kingdom.

*nātyaśnatastu yogosti na caikāntamanaśnataḥ I na cāti svapnaśīlasya jāgrato naiva cārjuna II 6.16*

na: never; atyaśnataḥ: too much eats; tu: but; yogaḥ: yoga; asti: is; na: not; ca: and; ekāntaṃ: on the one side; anaśnataḥ: not eat; na: not; ca: and; ati: too much; svapna śīlasya: sleep; jāgrataḥ: awake; na: not; eva: also; ca: and; arjuna: Oh Arjuna

6.16 Yoga is neither eating too much nor eating too little; it is neither sleeping too much nor sleeping too little, Oh Arjuna.

*yuktāhāra vihārasya yuktaceṣṭasya karmasu I yukta-svapnāvabodhasya yogo bhavati duḥkhahā II 6.17*

yukta: regulated; āhāra: food; vihārasya: rest; yukta: regulated; ceṣṭasya: exertion; karmasu: work; yukta: regulated; svapna avabodhasya: sleep and wakefulness; yogaḥ: yoga; bhavati: becomes; duḥkhahā : reduced misery

6.17 One who is regulated in food, rest, recreation and work, sleep and wakefulness, can reduce misery.

*yadā viniyataṃ cittam ātmanyevāvatiṣṭhate I niḥspṛhaḥ sarvakāmebhyo yukta ityucyate tadā II 6.18*

yadā: when; viniyataṃ: disciplined; cittaṃ: mind; ātmani: situated in the Self; eva: certainly; avatiṣṭhate: situated; niḥspṛhaḥ: free of desire; sarva: all; kāmebhyaḥ: material desires; yuktaḥ: situated; iti: thus; ucyate: said to be; tadā : then

6.18 When the mind is disciplined and one is situated in the Self, free from all desires, then one is said to be situated in yoga.

*yathā dīpo nivātastho neṅgate sopamā smṛ tā I yogino yatacittasya yuñjato yogamātmanaḥ II 6.19*

yathā: as; dīpaḥ: lamp; nivātasthaḥ: in a place without wind; na: not; iṅgate:

waver; sā: this; upamā: comparison; smṛtā: is considered; yoginaḥ: of the yogi; yata cittasya: whose mind is controlled; yuñjataḥ: engaged; yogaṃ: in yoga; ātmanaḥ: in the Self

6.19 As a lamp in a place without wind does not waver, so also the yogi, whose mind is controlled remains steady, engaged in yoga, in the Self.

*yatroparamate cittaṃ niruddhaṃ yogasevayā I yatra caivātmanātmānaṃ paśyannātmani tuṣyati II 6.20*

yatra: there; uparamate: quietened; cittaṃ: mind; niruddhaṃ: stop; yoga: yoga; sevayā: work; yatra: there; ca: and; eva: certainly; ātmanā: by the Self; ātmānaṃ: Self; paśyan: seeing; ātmani: in the Self; tuṣyati: satisfied

6.20 In yoga, the mind becomes quiet and the Self is satisfied by the Self in the Self.

*sukhamātyantikaṃ yat tad buddhigrāhyamatīndriyam I vetti yatra na caivāyaṃ sthitaścalati tattvataḥ II 6.21*

sukhaṃ: happiness; ātyantikaṃ: supreme; yat: which; tad: that; buddhi: intelligence; grāhyaṃ: grasped; atīndriyaṃ: beyond the senses; vetti: know; yatra: where; na: not; ca: and; eva: certainly; ayaṃ: he; sthitaḥ: situated; calati: moves; tattvataḥ: from truth

6.21 Supreme bliss is grasped by intelligence transcending the senses. The person who knows this is based in reality.

# *yaṃ labdhvā cāparaṃ lābhaṃ manyate nādhikaṃ tataḥ I yasminsthito na duḥkhena guruṇāpi vicālyate II 6.22*

yaṃ: that which; labdhvā: by attaining; ca: and; aparaṃ: any other; lābhaṃ: gain; manyate: considers; na: not; adhikaṃ: more; tataḥ: than that; yasmin: in which; sthitaḥ: situated; na: not; duḥkhena: by misery; guruṇā api: though difficult; vicālyate: becomes shaken

6.22 By attaining that Supreme, one does not consider any other gain as being greater. By being situated in the Supreme, one is not shaken by the greatest of misery.

*taṃ vidyād duḥkhasaṃ yogaviyogaṃ yoga-saṃjñitam I sa niścayena yoktavyo yogo'nirviṇṇacetasā II 6.23*

taṃ: that; vidyāt: know; duḥkha: misery; saṃyoga: contact; viyogaṃ: removal; yoga: yoga; saṃjñitaṃ: is termed as; saḥ: he; niśchayena: with determination; yoktavyaḥ: practiced; yogaḥ; yoga; anirviṇṇa cetasā: without deviating

6.23 When yoga is practiced with determination without deviating, the misery by contact with material senses is removed.

*saṅkalpa-prabhavān kāmāṃs tyaktvā sarvānaśeṣataḥ I manasaivendriya-grāmaṃ viniyamya samantataḥ II 6.24*

saṃkalpa: thought; prabhavān: born of; kāmān: desires; tyaktvā: give up; sarvān: all; aśeṣataḥ: completely; manasā: mind; eva: certainly; indriya grāmaṃ: all senses; viniyamya: regulating; samantataḥ: from all sides

6.24 Giving up completely all the fantasies born of the mind, one can regulate all the senses from all the sides by the mind.

*śanaiḥ śanairuparamed buddhyā dhṛtigṛhītayā I ātmasaṃsthaṃ manaḥ kṛtvā na kiñcidapi cintayet II 6.25*

śanaiḥ: gradually; śanaiḥ: step by step; uparamet: hold; buddhyā: by intelligence; dhṛti gṛhītayā: held by conviction; ātma: Self; saṃsthaṃ: established; manaḥ: mind; kṛtvā: doing; na: not; kiṃcit: other; api: also; cintayet: thinking of

6.25 Gradually, step by step, one should become established in the Self, held by the conviction of intelligence, with the mind not thinking of anything else.

*yato yato niścarati manaś cañcalamasthiram I tatas tato niyamyaitad ātmanyeva vaśaṃ nayet II 6.26*

yataḥ-yataḥ: wherever; niścarati: becomes agitated; manaḥ: mind; cañcalaṃ: moving; asthiraṃ: not steady; tataḥ-tataḥ: there; niyamya: control; etat: this; ātmani: in the Self; eva: certainly; vaśaṃ: under control; nayet: must bring under

6.26 From wherever the mind becomes agitated due to its wandering and unsteady nature, from there, one must certainly bring it under the control of the Self.

*praśānta-manasaṃ hy enaṃ yoginaṃ sukhamuttamam I upaiti śāntarajasaṃ brahma-bhūtam akalmaṣam II 6.27*

praśānta: peaceful; manasaṃ: mind; hi: certainly; enaṃ: this; yoginaṃ: yogi; sukhaṃ: happiness; uttamaṃ: highest; upaiti: attains; śānta rajasaṃ: passion pacified; brahma bhūtaṃ: liberated by the Supreme; akalmaṣaṃ: free from sins

6.27 The yogi whose mind is peaceful attains the highest happiness; his passion is pacified and he is free from sins as he is liberated by the Supreme.

*yuñjannevaṃ sadātmānaṃ yogī vigatakalmaṣaḥ I sukhena brahma-saṃsparś amatyantaṃ sukhamaśnute II 6.28*

yuñjan: being engaged; evaṃ: in this way; sadā : always; ātmānaṃ: Self; yogī : yogi; vigata: free from; kalmaṣaḥ: material contamination; sukhena: in happiness; brahma saṃsparśaṃ: in touch with the Supreme; atyantaṃ: highest; sukhaṃ: happiness; aśnute: attains

6.28 The yogi always engaged in the Self and free from material contamination, is in touch with the Supreme and attains the highest happiness.

*sarvabhūtastham-ātmānaṃ sarvabhūtāni cātmani I īkṣate yogayuktātmā sarvatra samadarśanaḥ II 6.29*

sarva: all; bhūta: living beings; sthaṃ: situated; ātmānaṃ: Supreme; sarva: all; bhūtāni: living beings; ca: and; ātmani: in the Supreme; īkṣate: sees; yoga: yoga; yuktātmā: engaged Self; sarvatra: everywhere; sama: equal; darśanaḥ: seeing

6.29 The Yogī sees the Supreme situated in all beings and also all beings situated in the Supreme. One established in the Self sees the Supreme everywhere.

## *yo māṃ paśyati sarvatra sarvaṃ ca mayi paśyati I tasyāhaṃ na praṇaśyāmi sa ca me na praṇaśyati II 6.30*

yaḥ: who; māṃ: Me; paśyati: sees; sarvatra: everywhere; sarvaṃ: everything; ca: and; mayi: in Me; paśyati: sees; tasya: for him; ahaṃ: I; na: not; praṇaśyāmi: lost; saḥ: he; ca: and; me: Me; na: not; praṇaśyati: lost

6.30 For one who sees Me everywhere and who sees everything in Me, for him I am never lost nor is he lost to Me.

*sarvabhūtasthitaṃ yo māṃ bhajatyekatvamāsthitaḥ I sarvathā vartamānopi sa yogī mayi vartate II 6.31*

sarva: all; bhūta: beings; sthitaṃ: situated; yaḥ: who; māṃ: Me; bhajati: worships; ekatvaṃ: in oneness; āsthitaḥ: situated; sarvathā : in all respects; vartamānaḥ: present; api: though; saḥ: he; yogī : yogi; mayi : in Me; vartate: remains


6.31 He who is in oneness with Me in all respects, worships Me situated in all beings and remains present in Me.

*ātmaupamyena sarvatra samaṃ paśyati yorjuna I sukhaṃ vā yadi vā duḥkhaṃ sa yogī paramo mataḥ II 6.32*

ātmaupamyena: self by comparison; sarvatra: everywhere; samaṃ: equal; paśyati: see; yaḥ: who; arjuna: Oh Arjuna; sukhaṃ: happiness; vā: or; yadi: if; vā: or; duḥkhaṃ: misery; saḥ: such; yogī : yogi; paramaḥ: supreme; mataḥ: opinion

6.32 One who, by comparision to his own Self, sees the true oneness of all beings, in both their happiness or misery, is Supreme Yogi in My opinion, Arjuna.

*arjuna uvāca*

*yoyaṃ yogastvayā proktaḥ sāmyena madhusūdana I etasyāhaṃ na paśyāmi cañcalatvātsthitiṃ sthirām II 6.33*

arjuna uvāca: Arjuna says; yaḥ: this; ayaṃ: system; yogaḥ: yoga; tvayā : by You; proktaḥ: said; sāmyena: generally; madhusūdana: O killer of Madhu; etasya: of this; ahaṃ: I; na: not; paśyāmi: see; cañcalatvāt: due to being restless; sthitiṃ: situation; sthirāṃ: steady

6.33 Arjuna says: O Madhusūdana, I am not able to see this system of yoga as told by You in the situation of the mind being restless and not steady.

*cañcalaṃ hi manaḥ kṛṣṇa pramāthī balavad dṛḍham I tasyāhaṃ nigrahaṃ manye vāyoriva suduṣkaram II 6.34*

cañcalaṃ: wavering; hi: certainly; manaḥ: mind; kṛṣṇa: O Kṛṣṇa; pramāthī : agitating; balavat: strong; dṛḍhaṃ: firm; tasya: its; ahaṃ: I; nigrahaṃ: controlling; manye: think; vāyoḥ: of the wind; iva: like; suduṣkaraṃ: difficult

6.34 O Kṛṣṇa, the wavering mind is agitated, strong and firm. I think it is difficult to control the mind like it is difficult to control the wind.

*śrībhagavānuvāca asaṃśayaṃ mahābāho mano durnigrahaṃ calam I abhyāsena tu kaunteya vairāgyeṇa ca gṛhyate II 6.35*

śrī bhagavān uvāca: the Lord says; asaṃśayaṃ: without doubt; mahābāho: O mighty-armed one; manaḥ: mind; durnigrahaṃ: difficult to control; calaṃ: wavering; abhyāsena: by practice; tu : but; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; vairāgyeṇa: by detachment; ca: and; gṛhyate: is controlled

6.35 Bhagavān says: O mighty-armed Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), it is undoubtedly difficult to control the wavering mind but by practice and detachment, it can be controlled.

*asaṃyatātmanā yogo duṣprāpa iti me matiḥ I vaśyātmanā tu yatatā śakyo vāptum upāyataḥ II 6.36*

asaṃyatātmanā: uncontrolled by the mind; yogaḥ: yoga; duṣprāpaḥ: difficult to attain; iti: thus; me: My; matiḥ: opinion; vaśyātmanā: controlled by the mind; tu: but; yatatā: by one engaged in practise; śakyaḥ: practical; avāptuṃ: to achieve; upāyataḥ: by appropriate means

6.36 For one whose mind is uncontrolled, it is difficult to attain yoga in My opinion. But, it is practical to achieve control over the mind by appropriate means.

*arjuna uvāca*

*ayatiḥ śraddhayopeto yogāc calita mānasaḥ I aprāpya yoga-saṃsiddhiṃ kāṃ gatiṃ kṛṣṇa gacchati II 6.37*

arjuna uvāca: Arjuna says; ayatiḥ: the uncontrolled person; śraddhyā: with faith; upetaḥ: engaged; yogāt: from yoga; calita: wavered; mānasaḥ: mind; aprāpya: not getting; yoga: yoga; saṃsiddhiṃ: achieve; kāṃ: which; gatiṃ: destination; kṛṣṇa: O Kṛṣṇa; gacchati: achieve

6.37 Arjuna says: O Kṛṣṇa, if a person is engaged in yoga with faith but does not attain yoga because of the wavering mind, what destination does he achieve

*kaccinnobhayavibhraṣṭaś chinnābhramiva naśyati I apratiṣṭho mahābāho vimūḍho brahmaṇaḥ pathi II 6.38*

kaccit: whether; na: not; ubhaya: both; vibhraṣṭaḥ: deviated from; chinna: torn; abhraṃ: cloud; iva: like; naśyati: perish; apratiṣṭhaḥ: without any position; mahābāho: O mighty-armed one; vimūḍhaḥ: confused; brahmaṇaḥ: Supreme; pathi: on the path

6.38 O mighty-armed Kṛṣṇa, does the person who deviated from the path perish, torn like a cloud without any position?

*etanme saṃśayaṃ kṛṣṇa chettumarhasyaśeṣataḥ I tvadanyaḥ saṃśayasyāsya chettā na hyupapadyate II 6.39*

etat: this; me: My; saṃśayaṃ: doubt; kṛṣṇa: O Kṛṣṇa; chettuṃ: dispel; arhasi: deserve; aśeṣataḥ: completely; tvat: than You; anyaḥ: another; saṃśayasya: of the doubt; asya: of this; chettā : remover; na: not; hi: certainly; upapadyate: to be found

6.39 This is my doubt, O Kṛṣṇa and I request You to dispel it completely. Certainly, there is no one to be found other than You who can remove this doubt.

*śrībhagavānuvāca pārtha naiveha nāmutra vināśastasya vidyate I na hi kalyāṇakṛtkaścid durgatiṃ tāta gacchati II 6.40*

śrī bhagavān uvāca: the Lord says; pārtha: O son of Prithā; na: not; eva: thus; iha: in this; na: not; amutra: in the next life; vināśaḥ: destruction; tasya: his; vidyate: exists; na: not; hi: certainly; kalyāṇakṛt: doing activities for the good; kaścit: anyone; durgatiṃ: degradation; tāta: then; gacchati: goes

6.40 Bhagavān says: O Pārtha, the person engaged in activities for good does not meet with destruction either in this world or the next life; he never faces degradation.

*prāpya puṇyakṛtāṃ lokān uṣitvā śāśvatiḥ samāḥ I śucīnāṃ śrī matāṃ gehe yogabhraṣṭo'bhijāyate II 6.41*

prāpya: after achieving; puṇyakṛtāṃ: one who has done virtuous deeds; lokān: worlds; uṣitvā : after living; śāśvatīḥ: many; samāḥ: years; śucīnāṃ: of the virtuous; śrī matāṃ: of the prosperous; gehe: in the house; yoga bhraṣṭaḥ: one who has fallen from yoga; abhijāyate: takes birth

6.41 The person who has fallen from yoga {yogabṛasṭa] after many years of living in the planets of the pious and doing virtuous deeds, takes birth in the house of the virtuous and prosperous.

*athavā yogināmeva kule bhavati dhī matām I etaddhi durlabhataraṃ loke janma yadīdṛśam II 6.42*

athavā : or; yogināṃ: yogis'; eva: certainly; kule: in the family; bhavati: becomes; dhīmatāṃ: wise; etat: this; hi: certainly; durlabhataraṃ: rare; loke: in the world; janma: birth; yat: which; īdṛśaṃ: like this

6.42 Or the Yogī certainly takes birth in a family of wise people. Certainly, such a birth is rare in this world.

*tatra taṃ buddhisaṃyogaṃ labhate paurva dehikam I yatate ca tato bhūyaḥ saṃsiddhau kurunandana II 6.43*

tatra: then; taṃ: that; buddhi: intelligence; saṃyogaṃ: united with; labhate: gains; paurva: previous; dehikaṃ: body; yatate: try; ca: and; tataḥ: then; bhūyaḥ: again; saṃsiddhau: for attaining; kuru nandana: O son of Kuru

6.43 O son of Kuru, on taking such a birth, he revives the intelligence, consciousness of the previous body, and tries again to attain complete success [yoga].

*pūrvābhyāsena tenaiva hriyate hyavaśo'pi saḥ I jijñāsurapi yogasya śabda-brahmātivartate II 6.44*

pūrva: previous; abhyāsena: by practice; tena: by that; eva: certainly; hriyate: is attracted; hi: certainly; avaśaḥ: automatically; api: also; saḥ: he; jijñāsuḥ: inquisitive; api: also; yogasya: about yoga; śabda brahma: scriptures; ativartate: transcends

6.44 Due to the practice in his previous life, he certainly gets attracted automatically to yoga and he is inquisitive about yoga and transcends the scriptures.

*prayatnādyatamānastu yogī saṃśuddhakilbiṣaḥ I aneka-janmasaṃ-siddhas tato yāti parāṃ gatim II 6.45*

prayatnāt: by trying; yatamānaḥ: endeavor; tu: and; yogī: yogi; saṃśuddha: cleaned; kilbiṣaḥ: sins; aneka: many; janma: births; saṃsiddhaḥ: achieved; tataḥ: then; yāti: achieves; parāṃ: highest; gatiṃ: state

6.45 And when the Yogī engages himself with sincere endevour in progressing fruther, being cleansed of all incompletions, then ultimately, achieving perfection [saṁsiddhi] after many births of practice, he attains the highest state [parām-gati].

*tapasvibhyodhiko yogī jñānibhyo'pi mato 'dhikaḥ I karmibhyaścādhiko yogī tasmādyogī bhavārjuna II 6.46*

tapasvibhyaḥ: than the ascetic; adhikaḥ: greater; yogī : yogi; jñānibhyoḥ: than the wise; api: also; mataḥ: opinion; adhikaḥ: greater; karmibhyaḥ: than person who works for the fruit of action; ca: and; adhikaḥ: greater; yogī : yogi; tasmāt: so; yogī : yogi; bhava: become; arjuna: O Arjuna

6.46 A Yogī is greater than the ascetic [tapasvi], greater than the wise [jñāni] and greater than the fruitive worker. Therefore, Arjuna, do become a Yogī.

*yogināmapi sarveṣāṃ madgatenāntarātmanā I śraddhāvān bhajate yo māṃ sa me yuktatamo mataḥ II 6.47*

yogināṃ: yogis; api: also; sarveṣāṃ: all kinds of; madgatena: living in Me; antarātmanā: thinking of Me; śraddhāvān: in full faith; bhajate: worship; yaḥ: who; māṃ: Me; saḥ: he; me: Me; yuktatamaḥ: engaged; mataḥ: opinion

6.47 Of all Yogīs, one who always lives in Me, thinking of Me within himself, who worships Me in full faith, he is the most intimately united with Me in Yoga and is the highest of all Yogīs; that is My opinion.

*iti śrīmad bhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyām yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjuna saṃvāde dhyānayogo nāma ṣaṣtho'dhyāyaḥ II*

In the *Upaniṣad* of *Śrimad Bhagavad Gītā*, the scripture of yoga dealing with *Brahmavidyā Yogaśāstra,* the science of Brahman, the Supreme Absolute, in the form of *Śrī Kṛṣṇārjuna saṁvād,* dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, this is the sixth chapter named, *Dhyāna Yogaḥ***,** *'The Yoga of the Path Of Meditation.'*

# Jñānavijñāna Yogaḥ

*śrībhagavānuvāca mayyāsaktamanāḥ pārtha yogaṃ yuñjanmadāśrayaḥ I asaṃśayaṃ samagraṃ māṃ yathā jñāsyasi tacchṛṇu II 7.1*

śrībhagavānuvāca: Kṛṣṇa says; mayi: in Me; āsaktamanāḥ: mind attached; pārtha: Arjuna, O son of Pritā; yogaṃ: union; yuñjan: so practising; madāśrayaḥ: in My shelter; asaṃśayaṃ: without doubt; samagraṃ: completely; māṃ: to Me; yathā: how, in what manner; jñāsyasi: you can know; tat: that; śṛṇu: hear

7.1 Bhagavān Kṛṣṇa says, Arjuna, Listen to Me, you can know Me completely and without doubt by practicing yoga in true consciousness of Me, with your mind attached to Me.

# *jñānaṃ te'haṃ savijñānam idaṃ vakṣyāmyaśeṣataḥ I yajjñātvā neha bhūyo'nyaj jñātavyamavaśiṣyate II 7.2*

jñānaṃ: phenomenal knowledge; te: unto you; ahaṃ: I; sa: with; vijñānaṃ: absolute knowledge; idaṃ: this; vakṣyāmi: shall explain; aśeṣataḥ: in full; yat: which; jñātvā: knowing; na: not; iha: in this world; bhūyaḥ: further; anyat: anything more; jñātavyaṃ: knowable; avaśiṣyate: remains to be known

7.2 Let Me explain to you in detail this phenomenal and absolute knowledge along with its realization; by knowing which, there shall remain nothing further to be known.

*manuṣyāṇāṃ sahasreṣu kaścidyatati siddhaye I yatatāmapi siddhānāṃ kaścinmāṃ vetti tattvataḥ II 7.3*

manuṣyāṇāṃ: of men; sahasreṣu: out of many thousands; kaścit: hardly one; yatati: endeavors; siddhaye: for perfection of self-realization; yatatāṃ: of those so endeavoring; api: indeed; siddhānāṃ: of those who have achieved perfection; kaścit: hardly one; māṃ: Me; vetti: does know; tattvataḥ: in truth

7.3 Out of many thousands of men, hardly one endeavors or strives to achieve perfection of self-realization; of those so endeavoring, hardly one achieves the perfection of self-realization and of those, hardly one knows Me in truth or reaches that state of oneness with Me.

*bhūmirāpo'nalo vāyuḥ khaṃ mano buddhireva ca I ahankāra itīyaṃ me bhinnā prakṛtiraṣṭadhā II 7.4*

bhūmiḥ: earth; āpaḥ: water; analah: fire; vāyuḥ: air; khaṃ: ether; manaḥ: mind; buddhiḥ: intelligence; eva: certainly; ca: and; ahaṃkāraḥ: ego; iti: thus; iyaṃ: all these; me: My; bhinnā: separated, various; prakṛtiḥ: external energies; aṣṭadhā: total eight

7.4 Earth, water, fire, air, ether, mind, intelligence and false ego all together these eight constitute My separated external energies.

*apare'yamitastvanyāṃ prakṛtiṃ viddhi me parām I jīvabhūtāṃ mahābāho yayedaṃ dhāryate jagat II 7.5*

aparā: inferior; iyaṃ: this; itaḥ: besides this; tu : but; anyāṃ: another; prakṛtiṃ: energy; viddhi: understand; me: my; parāṃ: superior; jīvabhūtāṃ: the living entities; mahā-bāho: O mighty armed one; yayā: by whom; idaṃ: this; dhāryate: bearing; jagat: the material world

7.5 Besides these external energies, which are inferior in nature, O mighty-armed Arjuna, there is a superior energy of Mine. This comprises all the embodied souls of all the living entities by which this material world is being utilized or exploited.

*etadyonī ni bhūtāni sarvāṇītyupadhāraya I ahaṃ kṛ tsnasya jagataḥ prabhavaḥ pralayastathā II 7.6*

etad: these two natures; yonīni: source of birth; bhūtāni: everything created; sarvāṇī: all; iti: thus; upadhāraya: know; ahaṃ: I; kṛtsnasya: all-inclusive; jagataḥ: of the world; prabhavaḥ: source of manifestation; pralayaḥ: annihilation; tathā: as well as

7.6 Know for certain that everything living is manifested by these two energies of Mine. I am the Creator, the Sustainer and the Destroyer of them.

*mattaḥ parataraṃ nānyat kiñcidasti dhanañjaya I mayi sarvamidaṃ protaṃ sūtre maṇigaṇā iva II 7.7*

mattaḥ: beyond Myself; parataraṃ: superior; na: not; anyat kiñcit: anything else; asti: there is; dhanañjaya: O conqueror of wealth; mayi: in Me; sarvaṃ: all that be; idaṃ: which we see; protaṃ: strung; sūtre: on a thread; maṇigaṇāḥ: pearls; iva: likened

7.7 O Dhanañjaya (conqueror of wealth), there is no truth superior to Me. Everything rests upon Me, as pearls are strung on a thread.

*raso'hamapsu kaunteya prabhāsmi śaśisūryayoḥ I praṇavaḥ sarvavedeṣu śabdaḥ khe pauruṣaṃ nṛṣu II 7.8*

rasaḥ: taste; ahaṃ: I; apsu: in water; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; prabhā: light; asmi: I am; śaśisūryayoḥ: in the sun and the moon; praṇavaḥ: the letters a-u-m; sarva: in all; vedeṣu: in the Vedas; śabdaḥ: sound vibration; khe: in the ether; pauruṣaṃ: virility, manliness; nṛṣu: in man

7.8 O Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), I am the taste of water, the radiance of the sun and the moon, the sacred syllable 'Om' in the vedic mantras. I am the sound in ether and ability in man.

*puṇyo gandhaḥ pṛthivyāṃ ca tejaścāsmi vibhāvasau I jīvanaṃ sarvabhūteṣu tapaścāsmi tapasviṣu II 7.9*

puṇyaḥ: original; gandhaḥ: fragrance; pṛthivyāṃ: in the earth; ca: also; tejaḥ:

temperature; ca: also; asmi: I am; vibhāvasau: in the fire; jīvanaṃ: life; sarva: all; bhūteṣu: living entities; tapaḥ: penance; ca: also; asmi: I am; tapasviṣu: in those who practice penance.

7.9 I am the original fragrance of the earth, and I am the heat in fire. I am the life of all living beings, and I am the penances of all ascetics.

*bījaṃ māṃ sarvabhūtānāṃ viddhi pārtha sanātanam I buddhirbuddhimatāmasmi tejastejasvināmaham II 7.10*

bī jaṃ: the seed; māṃ: Me; sarvabhūtānāṃ: of all living entities; viddhi: understand; pārtha: O son of Prithā; sanātanaṃ: original, eternal; buddhiḥ: intelligence; buddhimatāṃ: of the intelligent; asmi: I am; tejaḥ: prowess; tejasvināṃ: of the powerful; ahaṃ: I am

7.10 O Pārtha (son of Prithā), I am the eternal source of all creatures, the intelligence of the intelligent, and the brilliance of all those who are brilliant.

*balaṃ balavatāṃ cāhaṃ kāmarāgavivarjitaṃ I dharmāviruddho bhūteṣu kāmo'smi bharatarṣabha II 7.11*

balaṃ: strength; balavatāṃ: of the strong; cāham: I am; kāma: desire; rāga: attachment; vivarjitaṃ: devoid of; dharma: religious principle; aviruddhaḥ: not against the religious principles; bhūteṣu: in all beings; kāmaḥ: lust; asmi: I am; Bhārata ṛṣabha: O Lord of the Bhāratas


7.11 I am the strength of the strong, and I am procreative energy in living beings, devoid of lust and in accordance with religious principles, O Bharatarṣabha (Lord of Bhārata).

*ye caiva sāttvikā bhāvā rājasāstāmasāśca ye I matta eveti tānviddhi na tvahaṃ teṣu te mayi II 7.12*

ye: all those; ca: and; eva: certainly; sāttvikāḥ: in goodness; bhāvāḥ: states of being; rājasāḥ: mode of passion; tāmasāḥ: mode of ignorance; ca: and; ye: although; mattaḥ: from Me; eva: certainly; iti: thus; tān: those; viddhi: try to know; na: not; tu: but; ahaṃ: I; teṣu: in those; te: they; mayi: unto Me

7.12 All states of being—be they of goodness (sāttvika), passion (rajas) or ignorance (tamas)—all emanate from Me. I am independent of them but they are dependent on Me.

*tribhirguṇamayair bhāvairebhiḥ sarvamidaṃ jagat I mohitaṃ nābhijānāti māmebhyaḥ paramavyayam II 7.13*

tribhiḥ: three; guṇamayaiḥ: by the three gunas; bhāvaiḥ: state of being; ebhiḥ: all these; sarvaṃ: the whole world; idaṃ: this; jagat: universe; mohitaṃ: deluded; nābhijānāti: do not know; māṃ: Me; ebhyaḥ: above these; paraṃ: the Supreme; avyayaṃ: immutable

7.13 The whole world is deluded by the three modes (goodness, passion and ignorance), and thus does not know Me. I am above the modes and unchangeable

*daivī hyeṣā guṇamayī mama māyā duratyayā I māmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetām taranti te II 7.14*

daivī: transcendental; hi: certainly; eṣā: this; guṇamayī: consisting of the three modes of material nature; mama: My; māyā: energy; duratyayā: very difficult to overcome; māṃ: unto Me; eva: certainly; ye: those; prapadyante: surrender; māyāṃetāṃ: this illusory energy; taranti: overcome; te: they

7.14 My Divine energy, consisting of the three modes of material nature, is difficult to overcome. But those who surrender unto Me can cross beyond it with ease.

*na māṃ duṣkṛ tino mūḍhāḥ prapadyante narādhamāḥ I māyayāpahṛtajñānā āsuraṃ bhāvamāśritāḥ II 7.15*

na: not; māṃ: unto Me; duṣkṛtinaḥ: miscreants; mūḍhāḥ: foolish; prapadyante: surrender; nara adhamāḥ: lowest among mankind; māyayā : by the illusory energy; apahṛta: stolen by illusion; jñānāḥ: knowledge; āsuraṃ: demonic; bhāvaṃ: nature; āśritāḥ: accepting.

7.15 Those miscreants who are foolish, lowest among mankind, whose knowledge is stolen by māyā, illusion, and who have taken shelter in demonic nature, do not surrender unto Me.

*caturvidhā bhajante māṃ janāḥ sukṛtino'rjuna I ārto jijñāsurarthārthī jñānī ca bharatarṣabha II 7.16*

caturvidhāḥ: four kinds of; bhajante: render services; māṃ: unto Me; janāḥ: persons; sukṛtinaḥ: those who are pious; arjuna: O Arjuna; ārtaḥ: the distressed; jijñāsuḥ: the inquisitive; arthārthī : one who desires material gain; jñānī: one who knows things as they are; ca: also; bharatarṣabha: O great one amongst the descendants of Bhārata.

7.16 O Bharatarṣabha, best among Bhārata, four kinds of pious

men begin to render devotional service unto Me. They are: the distressed, the desirer of wealth, the inquisitive, and those searching for knowledge of the Absolute.

*teṣāṃ jñānī nityayukta eka-bhaktir viśiṣyate I priyo hi jñānino'tyartham ahaṃ sa ca mama priyaḥ II 7.17*

teṣāṃ: of them; jñānī: the wise; nityayuktaḥ: ever steadfast; eka bhaktiḥ: whose devotion is to the one; viśiṣyate: better; priyaḥ: dear; hi: verily; jñāninaḥ: of the wise; atyarthaṃ: exceedingly; ahaṃ: I; saḥ: he; ca: and; mama: to me; priyaḥ: dear

7.17 Of these, the wise one who is in full knowledge and ever united with Me through single-minded devotion is the best. I am very dear to him, and he is dear to Me

*udārāḥ sarva evaite jñānītvātmaiva me matam I āsthitaḥ sa hi yuktātmā māmevānuttamāṃ gatim II 7.18*

udārāḥ: noble; sarve: all; eva: certainly; ete: these; jñānī: one who is in knowledge; tu: but; ātmā eva: just like Myself; me: My; mataṃ: opinion; āsthitaḥ: situated; saḥ: he; hi: certainly; yuktātmā: engaged in devotional service; māṃ: unto Me; eva: certainly; anuttamāṃ: the highest goal; gatiṃ: destination

7.18 All these devotees are indeed noble; one who knows Me, dwells in Me. Being engaged in My mission, he attains Me.

*bahūnāṃ janmanām ante jñānavānmāṃ prapadyate I*

## *vāsudevaḥ sarvamiti sa mahātmā sudurlabhaḥ II 7.19*

bahūnāṃ: many; janmanāṃ: births; ante: after; jñānavān: he possessing knowledge; māṃ: unto Me; prapadyate: surrenders; vāsudevaḥ: cause of all causes; sarvaṃ: all; iti: thus; saḥ: such; mahātmā : great soul; sudurlabhaḥ: very rare.

7.19 After many births and deaths, he who knows Me surrenders to Me, knowing Me to be the cause of all causes and all that is. Such a great soul is very rare.

*kāmais tais tair hṛta-jñānāḥ prapadyante'nyadevatāḥ I taṃ taṃ niyamamāsthāya prakṛtyā niyatāḥ svayā II 7.20*

kāmaiḥ: by desires; taiḥ: by those; taiḥ: by those; hṛta: distorted; jñānāḥ: knowledge; prapadyante: surrender; anya: other; devatāḥ: deities; taṃ-taṃ: that; niyamaṃ: rules; āsthāya: following; prakṛtyā: by nature; niyatāḥ: controlled; svayā: by their own.

7.20 Those whose discrimination has been distorted by various desires, surrender unto deities. They follow specific rules and regulations of worship according to their own nature.

*yo yo yāṃ yāṃ tanuṃ bhaktaḥ śraddhayārcitumicchati I tasya tasyācalāṃ śraddhāṃ tāmeva vidadhāmyaham II 7.21*

yaḥ: that; yaḥ: that; yāṃ: which; yāṃ: which; tanuṃ: form of the deities; bhaktaḥ: devotee; śraddhayā: with faith; arcituṃ: to worship; icchati: desires; tasya: of that; tasya: of that; acalāṃ: steady; śraddhāṃ: faith; tāṃ: him; eva: surely; vidadhāmi: give; ahaṃ: I

7.21 I am in everyone's heart as the super soul. As soon as one desires to worship some deity, I make his faith steady so that he can devote himself to that particular deity.

*sa tayā śraddhayā yuktas tasyārādhanamīhate I labhate ca tataḥ kāmān mayaiva vihitānhi tān II 7.22*

saḥ: he; tayā: with that; śraddhayā: with faith; yuktaḥ: endowed; tasya: his; ārādhanaṃ: worship; īhate: endeavors; labhate: obtains; ca: and; tataḥ: from that; kāmān: desires; mayā: by Me; eva: alone; vihitān: bestowed; hi: for; tān: those.

7.22 Endowed with such a faith, he endeavors to worship a particular demigod and obtains his desires; In reality, these benefits are granted by Me alone.

*antavattu phalaṃ teṣāṃ tadbhavatyalpamedhasām I devāndevayajo yānti madbhaktā yānti māmapi II 7.23*

antavat tu: limited and temporary; phalaṃ: fruits; teṣāṃ: their; tat: that; bhavati: becomes; alpa medhasāṃ: of those of small intelligence; devān: demigods' planets; devayajaḥ: worshipers of demigods; yānti: achieve; mad: My; bhaktāḥ: devotees; yānti: attain; māṃ: to Me; api: surely

7.23 Men of limited intelligence worship the demigods and their fruits are limited and temporary. Those who worship the demigods go only to the planets of the demigods, but My devotees reach My supreme planet.

*avyaktaṃ vyaktimāpannaṃ manyante māmabuddhayaḥ I*

## *paraṃ bhāvamajānanto mamāvyayam anuttamam II 7.24*

avyaktaṃ: nonmanifested; vyaktiṃ: personality; āpannaṃ: achieved; manyante: think; māṃ: unto Me; abuddhayaḥ: less intelligent persons; paraṃ: supreme; bhāvaṃ: state of being; ajānantaḥ: without knowing; mama: My; avyayaṃ: imperishable; anuttamaṃ: the finest.

7.24 Unintelligent men, who do not know Me perfectly, think that I, the supreme personality of godhead, the Bhagavān, who was impersonal before, have become a human being now. They do not know that I am imperishable and supreme, even when I assume the body.

*nāhaṃ prakāśaḥ sarvasya yogamāyāsamāvṛtaḥ I mūḍhoyaṃ nābhijānāti loko māmajamavyayam II 7.25*

na: nor; ahaṃ: I; prakāśaḥ: manifest; sarvasya: to everyone; yoga māyā: internal potency; samāvṛtaḥ: covered; mūḍhaḥ: foolish; ayaṃ: this; na: not; abhijānāti: can understand; lokaḥ: such less intelligent persons; māṃ: Me; ajaṃ: unborn; avyayaṃ: immutable.

7.25 I am never revealed to the foolish and unintelligent, covered as I am by My divine power ; the ignorant do not know Me, unborn and eternal.

*vedāhaṃ samatī tāni vartamānāni cārjuna I bhaviṣyāṇi ca bhūtāni māṃ tu veda na kaścana II 7.26*

veda: know; ahaṃ: I; sama: equally; atītāni: past; vartamānāni: present; ca: and; arjuna: O Arjuna; bhaviṣyāṇi: future; ca: also; bhūtāni: living entities; māṃ: Me; tu: but; veda: knows; na: not; kaścana: anyone

7.26 O Arjuna, as the supreme personality of Godhead, I know all that has happened, all that is happening, and all that is to happen. I also know all living entities; but no one knows Me.

*icchādveṣasamutthena dvandvamohena bhārata I sarvabhūtāni saṃmohaṃ sarge yānti parantapa II 7.27*

icchā: desire; dveṣa: hate; samutthena: born; dvandva: duality; mohena: overcome; bhārata: O scion of Bhārata; sarva: all; bhūtāni: living entities; saṃmohaṃ: into delusion; sarge: in creation; yānti: go; parantapa: O conqueror of enemies.

7.27 O scion of Bhārata (Arjuna), O conqueror of the foe, Parantapa, all living entities are born into delusion, overcome by the dualities of attachment and aversion.

*yeṣāṃ tvantagataṃ pāpaṃ janānāṃ puṇyakarmaṇām I te dvandvamohanirmuktā bhajante māṃ dṛḍhavratāḥ II 7.28*

yeṣāṃ: whose; tu : but; antagataṃ: completely eradicated; pāpaṃ: sin; janānāṃ: of the persons; puṇya: pious; karmaṇāṃ: previous activities; te: they; dvandva: duality; moha: delusion; nirmuktāḥ: free from; bhajante worship; māṃ: Me; dṛḍhavratāḥ: with determination.

7.28 Persons who have acted virtuously, whose sinful actions are completely eradicated and who are freed from the duality of reality and unreality, engage themselves in My worship with firm resolve.

*jarāmaraṇa mokṣāya māmāśritya yatanti ye I te brahma tadviduḥ kṛtsnam adhyātmaṃ karma cākhilam II 7.29*

jarā: old age; maraṇa: death; mokṣāya: for the purpose of liberation; māṃ: unto Me; āśritya: taking shelter of; yatanti: endeavor; ye: all those; te: such persons; brahma: Brahman; tat: actually that; viduḥ: they know; kṛtsnaṃ: everything; adhyātmaṃ: transcendental; karma: activities; ca: and; akhilaṃ: entirely

7.29 Persons who are striving for liberation from the cycle of birth, old age and death, take refuge in Me. They are actually Brahman because they comprehend everything about activities that transcend these.

*sādhibhūtādhidaivaṃ māṃ sādhiyajñaṃ ca ye viduḥ I prayāṇakāle 'pi ca māṃ te vidur yuktacetasaḥ II 7.30*

sādhibhūta: the governing principle of the material manifestation; adhidaivaṃ: underlying all the demigods; māṃ: Me; sādhiyajñaṃ: sustaining all sacrifices; ca: and; ye: those; viduḥ: know; prayāṇa: of death; kāle: at the time; api: even; ca: and; māṃ: Me; te : they; viduḥ: know; yukta cetasaḥ: with steadfast minds.

7.30 Those who know Me as the Supreme Lord, as the governing principle of the material manifestation, who know Me as the one underlying all the demigods and as the one sustaining all sacrifices, can with steadfast mind, understand and know Me, even at the time of death.

*iti śrīmad bhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ*

## *yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjuna saṃvāde jñānavijñāna yogo nāma saptamo'dhyāyaḥ II*

In the *Upaniṣad* of *Śrimad Bhagavad Gītā*, the scripture of yoga dealing with *Brahmavidyā Yogaśāstra,* the science of Brahman, the Supreme Absolute, in the form of *Śrī Kṛṣṇārjuna saṁvād,* dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, this is the seventh chapter named, *Jñānavijñāna Yogaḥ***,** *'The Yoga of Knowledge and Conscious Realization of the Absolute.'*

## *Akṣarabrahma Yogaḥ*

*arjuna uvāca*

*kiṃ tadbrahma kimadhyātmaṃ kiṃ karma puruṣottama I adhibhūtaṃ ca kiṃ proktam adhidaivaṃ kimucyate II 8.1*

arjuna uvāca: Arjuna said; kiṃ: what; tat: that; brahma: Brahman; kiṃ: what; adhyātmaṃ: the self; kiṃ: what; karma: fruitive activities; puruṣottama: O Supreme Person; adhibhūtaṃ: the material manifestation; ca: and; kiṃ: what; proktaṃ: is called; adhidaivaṃ: the demigods; kiṃ: what; ucyate: is called.

8.1 Arjuna says: O my Lord, O supreme person, what is Brahman? What is the Self? What are result-based actions? What is this material manifestation? And what are the demigods? Please explain all this to me.

*adhiyajñaḥ kathaṃ ko'tra dehe'smin madhusūdana I*

# *prayāṇakāle ca kathaṃ jñeyo'si niyatātmabhiḥ II 8.2*

adhiyajñaḥ: the Lord of sacrifice; kathaṃ: how; kaḥ: who; atra: here; dehe: in the body; asmin: in this; madhusūdana: O Madhusudana; prayāṇakāle: at the time of death; ca: and; kathaṃ: how; jñeyaḥ: be known; asi: You can; niyatātmabhiḥ: by the self-controlled.

8.2 How does this Lord of sacrifice live in the body, and in which part does He live, O Madhusūdana? How can those engaged in devotional service know You at the time of their death?

*śrībhagavānuvāca*

*akṣaraṃ brahma paramaṃ svabhāvo'dhyātmamucyate I bhūta-bhāvodbhava-karo visargaḥ karmasañjñitaḥ II 8.3*

śrībhagavānuvāca: Bhagavān said; akṣaraṃ: indestructible; brahma: Brahman; paramaṃ: transcendental; svabhāvaḥ: eternal nature; adhyātmaṃ: the self; ucyate: is called; bhūtabhāva-udbhavakaraḥ: action producing the material bodies of the living entities; visargaḥ: creation; karma: fruitive activities; samñitaḥ: is called.

8.3 Bhagavān says: The indestructible, transcendental living entity is called Brahman and his eternal nature is called the self. Action pertaining to the development of the material bodies is called karma, or result based activities.

*adhibhūtaṃ kṣaro bhāvaḥ puruṣaś cādhidaivatam I adhiyajño'ham evātra dehe dehabhṛtāṃ vara II 8.4*

adhibhūtaṃ: the physical manifestation; kṣaraḥ: constantly changing; bhāvaḥ: nature; puruṣaḥ: the universal form; ca: and; adhidaivataṃ: including all demigods like the sun and moon; adhiyajñaḥ: the Supersoul; ahaṃ: I (Kṛṣṇa); eva: alone; atra: in this; dehe: body; dehabhṛtāṃ: of the embodied; vara: the Supreme.

8.4 Physical nature is known to be endlessly changing. The universe is the cosmic form of the supreme Lord, and I am that Lord represented as the super soul, dwelling in the heart of every being that dwells in a body.

*antakāle ca māmeva smaranmuktvā kalevaram I yaḥ prayāti sa madbhāvaṃ yāti nā'styatra saṃśayaḥ II 8.5*

antakāle: at the end of life; ca: also; māṃ: unto Me; eva: only; smaran: remembering; muktvā: quitting; kalevaraṃ: the body; yaḥ: he who; prayāti: goes; saḥ: he; madbhāvaṃ: My nature; yāti: achieves; na: not; asti: there is; atra: here; saṃśayaḥ: doubt.

8.5 Whoever, at the time of death, quits his body, remembering Me alone, attains My nature immediately. Of this there is no doubt.

*yaṃ yaṃ vāpi smaranbhāvaṃ tyajatyante kalevaram I taṃ taṃ evaiti kaunteya sadā tadbhāvabhāvitaḥ II 8.6*

yaṃ yaṃ: whatever; vā: either; api: also; smaran: remembering; bhāvaṃ: nature; tyajati: give up; ante: at the end; kalevaraṃ: this body; taṃ taṃ: similar; eva: certainly; eti: gets; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; sadā: always; tat: that; bhāva: state of being; bhāvitaḥ: remembering.

8.6 Whatever state of being one remembers when he quits his body, it is that state one will attain without fail.

*tasmāt sarveṣu kāleṣu mām anusmara yudhya ca I mayy arpita-mano-buddhir mām evaiṣy asyasaṃśayam II 8.7*


# Chapter 8: Akṣarabrahma Yogaḥ

tasmāt: therefore; sarveṣu: always; kāleṣu: time; māṃ: unto Me; anusmara: go on remembering; yudhya: fight; ca: also; mayi: unto Me; arpita : surrender; manaḥ: mind; buddhiḥ: intellect; māṃ: unto Me; eva: alone; eṣyasi: will attain; asaṃśayaḥ: beyond a doubt.

8.7 Arjuna, think of Me in the form of Kṛṣṇa always, while continuing with your prescribed duty of fighting. With your activities dedicated to Me and your mind and intelligence fixed on. Me, you will attain Me without doubt.

*abhyāsa yoga yuktena cetasā nānyagāminā I paramaṃ puruṣaṃ divyaṃ yāti pārthānucintayan II 8.8*

abhyāsa: practice; yoga yuktena: being engaged in meditation; cetasā: by the mind and intelligence; nā 'nyagāminā: without their being deviated; paramaṃ: the Supreme; puruṣaṃ: personality of godhead; divyaṃ: transcendental; yāti: achieves; pārtha: O son of Pritā; anucintayan: constantly thinking of

8.8 He who meditates on the supreme person, his mind constantly engaged in remembering Me, not deviating from the path, O Pārtha, He is sure to reach Me.

*kaviṃ purāṇaṃ anuśāsitāram aṇoraṇī yām sam anusmared yaḥ I sarvasya dhātāram acintya-rūpam ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt II 8.9*

kaviṃ: one who knows everything; purāṇaṃ: the oldest; anuśāsitāraṃ: the controller; aṇoḥ: of the atom; aṇīyāṃsaṃ: smaller than; anusmaret: always thinking; yaḥ: one who; sarvasya: of everything; dhātāraṃ: the maintainer; acintya: inconceivable; rūpaṃ: form; āditya varṇaṃ: illuminated like the sun; tamasaḥ: of the darkness; parastāt: transcendental

8.9 One should meditate on the Supreme as the one who knows everything, as He is the most ancient, who is the controller, who is smaller than the smallest, who is the maintainer of everything, who is beyond all material conception, who is inconceivable, and who is always a person.

*prayāṇakāle manasācalena bhaktyā yukto yogabalena caiva I bhruvor madhye prāṇam āveśya samyak sa taṃ paraṃ puruṣam upaiti divyam II 8.10*

prayāṇa kāle: at the time of death; manasā: by the mind; acalena: without being deviated; bhaktyā: in full devotion; yuktaḥ: engaged; yoga balena: by the power of mystic yoga; ca: also; eva: certainly; bhruvoḥ: between the two eyebrows; madhye: in; prāṇaṃ: the life air; āveśya: establishing; samyak: completely; saḥ: he; taṃ: that; paraṃ: transcendental; puruṣaṃ: personality of godhead; upaiti: achieves; divyaṃ: in the spiritual kingdom.

8.10 One, who at the time of death, fixes his mind and life air between the eyebrows without being distracted, by the power of yoga and in full devotion, engages himself in dwelling on Me, He will certainly attain Me.

*yad akṣaraṃ vedavido vadanti viśanti yadyatayo vītarāgāḥ I yad icchanto brahmacaryaṃ caranti tatte padaṃ sangraheṇa pravakṣye II 8.11*

yat: that which; akṣaraṃ: inexhaustible; vedavidaḥ: a person conversant with the Vedas; vadanti: say; viśanti: enters; yat: in which; yatayaḥ: great sages; vītarāgāḥ: in the renounced order of life; yat: that which; icchantaḥ: desiring; brahmacaryaṃ: celibacy; caranti: practices; tat: that; te: unto you; padaṃ: situation; sangraheṇa: in summary; pravakṣye: I shall explain.

8.11 Persons who are learned in the Veda and who are great sages in the renounced order, enter into Brahman. Desiring such perfection, one practices brahmacarya. I shall now explain to you this process by which one may attain liberation.

*sarva-dvārāṇi saṃyamya mano hṛdi nirudhya ca I mūrdhny ādhāyātmanaḥ prāṇam āsthito yogadhāraṇām II 8.12*

sarva dvārāṇi: all the doors of the body; saṃyamya: controlling; manaḥ: mind; hṛdi: in the heart; nirudhya: confined; ca: also; mūrdhni: on the head; ādhāya: fixed; ātmanaḥ: soul; prāṇaṃ: the life air; āsthitaḥ: situated; yoga dhāraṇāṃ: the yogic situation

8.12 Closing all the doors of the senses and fixing the mind on the heart and the life air at the top of the head, one establishes himself in yoga.

*om ity ekākṣaraṃ brahma vyāharan mām anusmaran I yaḥ prayāti tyajandehaṃ sa yāti paramāṃ gatiṃ II 8.13*

om: the combination of letters om (omkāra); iti: thus; ekākṣaraṃ: supreme indestructible; brahma: absolute; vyāharan: vibrating; māṃ: Me (Kṛṣṇa); anusmaran: remembering; yaḥ: anyone; prayāti: leaves; tyajan: quitting; dehaṃ: this body; saḥ: he; yāti: achieves; paramāṃ: supreme; gatiṃ: destination

8.13 Centered in this yoga practice and vibrating the sacred syllable OM, the supreme combination of letters, if one dwells in the Supreme and quits his body, he certainly achieves the supreme destination.

*ananyacetāḥ satataṃ yo māṃ smarati nityaśaḥ I tasyāhaṃ sulabhaḥ pārtha nityayuktasya yoginaḥ II 8.14*

ananyacetāḥ: without deviation; satataṃ: always; yaḥ: anyone; māṃ: Me (Kṛṣṇa); smarati: remembers; nityaśaḥ: regularly; tasya: to him; ahaṃ: I am; sulabhaḥ: very easy to achieve; pārtha: O son of Pritā; nitya: regularly; yuktasya: engaged; yoginaḥ: of the devotee.

8.14 I am always available to anyone who remembers Me

constantly Pārtha, because of his constant engagement in devotional service.

*māmupetya punarjanma duḥkhālayam aśāśvatam I nāpnuvanti mahātmānaḥ saṃsiddhiṃ paramāṃ gatāḥ II 8.15*

māṃ: unto Me; upetya: achieving; punaḥ: again; janma: birth; duḥkhālayaṃ: a place of miseries; aśāśvataṃ: temporary; na: never; āpnuvanti: attain; mahātmanaḥ: the great souls; saṃsiddhiṃ: perfection; paramāṃ: ultimate; gatāḥ: achieved.

8.15 After attaining Me, the great souls who are devoted to Me in yoga are never reborn in this world. This world is temporary and full of miseries and they have attained the highest perfection.

*ā-brahma-bhuvanāl lokāḥ punarāvartinorjuna I māmupetya tu kaunteya punarjanma na vidyate II 8.16*

ābrahmabhuvanātlokāḥ: upto the world of Brahma; punarāvartinaḥ: again returning; arjuna: O Arjuna; māṃ: unto Me; upetya: arriving; tu: but; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; punar janma: rebirth; na: never; vidyate: takes to

8.16 From the highest planet in the material world [brahmaloka] down to the lowest, all are places of misery wherein repeated birth and death take place. One who reaches My abode, O Kaunteya, is never reborn.

*sahasrayuga-paryantam aharyad brahmaṇo viduḥ I rātriṃ yuga-sahasrāntāṃ te'ho-rātravido janāḥ II 8.17*

sahasra: thousand; yuga: millenniums; paryantaṃ: including; ahaḥ: day; yat: that; brahmaṇaḥ: of Brahma; viduḥ: they know; rātriṃ : night; yuga: millenniums; sahasrāntāṃ: similarly, at the end of one thousand; te: that; aho rātra: day and night; vidaḥ: understand; janāḥ: people

8.17 By human calculation, a thousand ages taken together is the duration of Brahma's one day. His night is just as long.

*avyaktād vyaktayaḥ sarvāḥ prabhavanty aharāgame I rātryāgame pralīyante tatraivāvyakta-saṃjñake II 8.18*

avyaktāt: from the unmanifest; vyaktayaḥ: living entities; sarvāḥ: all; prabhavanti: come into being; aharāgame: at the beginning of the day; rātryāgame: at the fall of night; pralīyante: are annihilated; tatra: there; eva: certainly; avyakta: the unmanifest; saṃjñake: called

8.18 From the unmanifest, all living entities come into being at the beginning of Brahma's day. With the coming of Brahma's night, they dissolve into the same unmanifest.

*bhūtagrāmaḥ sa evāyaṃ bhūtvā bhūtvā pralīyate I rātryāgame'vaśaḥ pārtha prabhavaty aharāgame II 8.19*

bhūtagrāmaḥ: the aggregate of all living entities; saḥ: they; eva: certainly; ayaṃ: this; bhūtvā bhūtvā : taking birth; pralī yate: annihilate; rātri: night; āgame: on arrival; avaśaḥ: automatically; pārtha: O son of Pritā; prabhavati: manifest; ahar: during daytime; āgame: on arrival.

8.19 Again and again the day comes, and this host of beings

is active; and again the night falls, O Pārtha, and they are automatically annihilated.

*paras tasmāttu bhāvo'nyo 'vyakto'vyaktātsanātanaḥ I yaḥ sa sarveṣu bhūteṣu naśyatsu na vinaśyati II 8.20*

paraḥ: transcendental; tasmāt: from that; tu: but; bhāvaḥ: nature; anyaḥ: another; avyaktaḥ: unmanifest; avyaktāt: from the unmanifest; sanātanaḥ: eternal; yaḥ: that; saḥ: which; sarveṣu: all; bhūteṣu: manifestation; naśyatsu: being annihilated; na: never; vinaśyati: annihilated.

8.20 Yet there is another nature, which is eternal and is beyond this manifest and unmanifest matter. It is supreme and is never annihilated. When all in this world is annihilated, that part remains the same.

*avyakto'kṣara ity uktas tamāhuḥ paramāṃ gatim I yaṃ prāpya na nivartante tad dhāma paramaṃ mama II 8.21*

avyaktaḥ: unmanifested; akṣaraḥ: infallible; iti: thus; uktaḥ: said; taṃ: that which; āhuḥ: is known; paramāṃ: ultimate; gatiṃ: destination; yaṃ: that which; prāpya: gaining; na: never; nivartante: comes back; tat dhāma: that abode; paramaṃ: supreme; mama: Mine

8.21 That Supreme abode is said to be unmanifest and indestructible and is the Supreme destination. When one gains this state one never comes back. That is My supreme abode.

*puruṣaḥ sa paraḥ pārtha bhaktyā labhyas tv ananyayā I yasyāntaḥ sthāni bhūtāni yena sarvam idaṃ tatam II 8.22*

puruṣaḥ: that supreme power; saḥ: He; paraḥ: the Supreme, than whom no one is greater; pārtha: O son of Pritā; bhaktyā: by devotional service; labhyaḥ: can be achieved; tu: but; ananyayā: unalloyed, undeviating devotion; yasya: whom; antaḥ sthāni: within; bhūtāni: all of this material manifestation; yena: by whom; sarvaṃ: all; idaṃ: whatever we can see; tataṃ: distributed

8.22 O Pārtha (son of Prithā), the supreme person, who is greater than all, is attainable by undeviating devotion. Although He is present in His abode, He is all-pervading, and everything is situated within Him.

*yatra kāle tv anāvṛttim āvṛttim caiva yoginaḥ I prayātā yānti taṃ kālaṃ vakṣyāmi bharatarṣabha II 8.23*

yatra: in that; kāle: time; tu: but; anāvṛttiṃ: no return; āvṛttiṃ: return; ca: also; eva: certainly; yoginaḥ: of different kinds of mystics; prayātāḥ: one who goes; yānti : departs; taṃ: that; kālaṃ: time; vaksyāmi: describing; bharatarṣabha: O best of the Bhāratas.

8.23 O best of the Bhārata, I shall now explain to you the different times when passing away from this world, one returns or does not return.

*agnir-jyotir ahaḥ śuklaḥ ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇam I tatra prayātā gacchanti brahma brahmavido janāḥ II 8.24*

agniḥ: fire; jyotiḥ: light; ahaḥ: day; śuklaḥ: white; ṣaṇmāsāḥ: six months; uttarāyaṇaṃ: when the sun passes on the northern side; tatra : there; prayātāḥ: one who goes; gacchanti: passes away; brahma: to the Absolute; brahmavidaḥ: one who knows the Absolute; janāḥ: person

8.24 Those who pass away from the world during the influence of the fire god, during light, at an auspicious moment, during the fortnight of the moon ascending and the six months when the sun travels in the north, and have realized the supreme Brahman do not return.

*dhūmo rātristathā kṛṣṇaḥ ṣaṇmāsā dakṣiṇāyanam I tatra cāndramasaṃ jyotir yogī prāpya nivartate II 8.25*

dhūmaḥ: smoke; rātriḥ: night; tathā: also; kṛṣṇaḥ: the fortnight of the dark moon; ṣaṇmāsāḥ: the six months; dakṣiṇāyanaṃ: when the sun passes on the southern side; tatra: there; cāndramasaṃ: the moon planet; jyotiḥ: light; yogī: the mystic; prāpya: achieves; nivartate: comes back.

8.25 The mystic who passes away from this world during the smoke, the night, the moonless fortnight, or the six months when the sun passes to the south, have done good deeds go to the cosmic layer and again comes back.

*śukla kṛṣṇe gatī hy ete jagataḥ śāśvate mate I ekayā yāty anāvṛttim anyayāvartate punaḥ II 8.26*

śukla: light; kṛṣṇe: darkness; gatī: passing away; hi: certainly; ete: all these; jagataḥ: of the material world; śāśvate: of the Vedas; mate: in the opinion; ekayā: by one; yāti: goes; anāvṛttiṃ: no return; anyayā: by the other; āvartate: comes back; punaḥ: again

8.26 According to the Vedas, there are two ways of passing

from this world: one in the light and one in darkness. When one passes in light, he does not return; but when one passes in darkness, he again comes back.

*naite sṛtī pārtha jānan yogī muhyati kaścana I tasmātsarveṣu kāleṣu yogayukto bhavārjuna II 8.27*

na: never; ete: all these; sṛtī : different paths; pārtha: O son of Pritā; jānan: even if they know; yogī : the devotees of the Lord; muhyati: bewildered; kaścana: anyone; tasmāt: therefore; sarveṣu kāleṣu: always; yoga yuktaḥ: being engaged in Kṛṣṇa consciousness; bhava: just become; arjuna: O Arjuna

8.27 O Pārtha (son of Prithā), the devotees who know these different paths are never bewildered. O Arjuna, be always fixed in devotion.

*vedeṣu yajñeṣu tapaḥsu caiva dāneṣu yat puṇyaphalaṃ pradiṣṭam I atyeti tat sarvam idaṃ viditvā yogī paraṃ sthānam upaiti cādyam II 8.28*

vedeṣu: in the study of the Vedas; yajñeṣu: in the performances of yajna, sacrifice; tapaḥsu: undergoing different types of austerities; ca: also; eva: certainly; dāneṣu: in giving charities; yat: that which; puṇya phalaṃ: the result of pious work; pradiṣṭaṃ: directed; atyeti: surpasses; tat: all those; sarvaṃ idaṃ: all those described above; viditvā: knowing; yogī: the devotee; paraṃ: supreme; sthānaṃ: abode; upaiti: achieves peace; ca: also; ādyaṃ: original.

8.28 A person who accepts the path of devotional service is not denied the results derived from studying the Vedas, performing austerities and sacrifices, giving charity or pursuing pious and result based activities. At the end he reaches the supreme abode.

*iti śrīmad bhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyāṃ yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjuna saṃvāde akṣarabrahmayogo nāma aṣṭamo'dhyāyaḥ II*

In the *Upaniṣad* of *Śrimad Bhagavad Gītā*, the scripture of yoga dealing with *Brahmavidyā Yogaśāstra,* the science of Brahman, the Supreme Absolute, in the form of *Śrī Kṛṣṇārjuna saṁvād,* dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, this is the eight chapter named, *Akṣarabrahma Yogaḥ***,** *'The Yoga of Imperishable Brahma.'*

# Chapter 9: Rājavidyā Rājaguhya Yogaḥ

*śrī bhagavānuvāca idaṁ tu te guhyatamaṁ pravakṣyāmy anasūyave I jñānaṁ vijñāna-sahitaṁ yajjñātvā mokṣyase'śubhāt II 9.1*

śrī bhagavān uvāca: the supreme personality of godhead says; idaṁ: this; tu: but; te: unto you; guhyatamaṁ: the most confidential; pravakṣyāmi: I am speaking; anasūyave: to the non-envious; jñānaṁ: knowledge; vijñāna: realized knowledge; sahitaṁ: with; yat: which; jñātvā: knowing; mokṣyase: be released; aśubhāt: from this miserable material existence.

9.1 Kṛṣṇa says: Dear Arjuna, because you trust Me and you are not envious of Me; I shall therefore impart to you this profound and secret wisdom and experience; This will free you of all miseries of material existence.

*rājavidyā rājaguhyaṁ pavitram idam uttamam I pratyakṣāvagamaṁ dharmyaṁ su-sukhaṁ kartum avyayam II 9.2*

rājavidyā: the king of education; rājaguhyaṁ: the king of confidential knowledge; pavitraṁ: the purest; idaṁ: this; uttamaṁ: transcendental; pratyakṣa: directly experienced; avagamaṁ: understood; dharmyaṁ: the principle of religion; susukhaṁ: very happy; kartuṁ: to execute; avyayaṁ: everlasting.


## Chapter 9: Supreme Knowledge

9.2 This knowledge is king of all knowledge and the most secret of all secrets. It is the purest knowledge, sacred, and because it gives direct perception of the Self by Self-realization, it is the perfection of religion, dharma. It is eternal, easy and it is very joyfully performed.

*aśraddadhānāḥ puruṣā dharmasyāsya parantapa | aprāpya māṁ nivartante mṛtyu-saṁsāra-vartmani || 9.3*

aśraddadhānāḥ: those who are faithless; puruṣāḥ: such persons; dharmasya: of this process of religion; asya: of it; parantapa: O killer of the enemies; aprāpya: without obtaining; māṁ: Me; nivartante: come back; mṛtyu: death; saṁsāra: material existence; vartmani: on the path of.

9.3 Those who have no faith in this knowledge cannot attain Me, O Parantapa, conqueror of foes. They will return to the path of birth and death in this material world.

*mayā tatam idaṁ sarvam jagadavyakta mūrtinā | matsthāni sarvabhūtāni na cahaṁ teṣv-avasthitaḥ || 9.4*

mayā: by Me; tataṁ: spread; idaṁ: all these manifestations; sarvaṁ: all; jagat: cosmic manifestation; avyakta mūrtinā: unmanifested form; matsthāni: unto Me; sarvabhūtāni: all living entities; na: not; ca: also; ahaṁ: I; teṣu: in them; avasthitaḥ: situated.

9.4 By Me, the entire Universe is pervaded in My formless form. All beings are based in Me, but I am not in them.

*na ca matsthāni bhūtāni paśya me yogam aiśvaram | bhūtabhṛnna ca bhūtastho mamātmā bhūtabhāvanaḥ || 9.5*

na: never; ca: also; matsthāni: situated in Me; bhūtāni: all creations; paśya: just see; me: My; yogaṁ aiśvaraṁ: inconceivable mystic power; bhūtabhṛt: maintainer of all living entities; na: never; ca: also; bhūtasthaḥ: in the cosmic manifestation; mama: My; ātmā: Self; bhūtabhāvanaḥ: is the source of all manifestations.

9.5 And yet everything that is created does not rest in Me. Look at My mystic powers! Although, I am the Creator and Sustainer of all living entities, I do not depend the Cosmic manifestation; for My Self is the very source of all creation.

*yathākāśasthito nityaṁ vāyuḥ sarvatrago mahān | tathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni matsthānīty upadhāraya || 9.6*

yathā: as much as; ākāśasthitaḥ: situated in space; nityaṁ: always; vāyuḥ: wind; sarvatragaḥ: blowing everywhere; mahān: mighty; tathā: similarly; sarvāṇi: everything; bhūtāni: created beings; matsthānī: situated in Me; iti: thus; upadhāraya: try to understand.

9.6 As the mighty wind, blowing everywhere, always rests in eternal space, all beings rest in Me.

*sarvabhūtāni kaunteya prakṛtiṁ yānti māmikām | kalpakṣaye punas tāni kalpādau visṛjāmyaham || 9.7*

sarva bhūtāni: all created entities; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; prakṛtiṁ: nature; yānti: enter; māmikām: unto Me; kalpakṣaye: at the end of the millennium; punaḥ: again; tāni: all those; kalpādau: in the beginning of the millennium; visṛ jāmi: I create; ahaṁ: I.

9.7 O Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), at the end of every age all beings merge into Me, at the beginning of every new age I create them again.

*prakṛtiṁ svāmavaṣṭabhya visṛjāmi punaḥ punaḥ | bhūtagrāmam imaṁ kṛtsnam avaśaṁ prakṛtervaśāt || 9.8*

prakṛtiṁ: material nature; svāṁ: of My personal Self; avaṣṭabhya: enter in; visṛjāmi: create; punaḥ punaḥ: again and again; bhūta grāmaṁ: all these cosmic manifestations; imaṁ: this; kṛtsnaṁ: total; avaśaṁ: automatically; prakṛteḥ: by the force of nature; vaśāt: under obligation.

9.8 The whole Cosmic order is under Me and My material nature creates the beings again and again, and it is controlled by My material nature.

*na ca māṁ tāni karmāṇi nibadhnanti dhanañjaya | udāsīna-vad āsīnam asaktaṁ teṣu karmasu || 9.9*

na: never; ca: also; māṁ: Me; tāni: all those; karmāṇi: activities; nibadhnanti:

bind; dhanañjaya: O conqueror of riches; udāsī navat: as neutral; āsīnaṁ: situated; asaktaṁ: without attraction; teṣu: in them; karmasu: in activities.

9.9 O Dhanañjaya, all this work does not bind Me. I am ever unattached from these activities, seated as though neutral.

*mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram | hetunānena kaunteya jagad viparivartate || 9.10*

mayā: by Me; adhyakṣeṇa: by superintendence; prakṛtiḥ: material nature; sūyate: manifests; sacarācaraṁ: with the moving and the nonmoving; hetunā: for this reason; anena: this; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; jagat: the cosmic manifestation; viparivartate: is working.

9.10 The material nature or prakṛti works under My direction, O Kaunteya, and creates all moving and unmoving beings through My energies. By its cause, this manifestation is created and annihilated again and again.

*avajānanti māṁ mūḍhā mānuṣīṁ tanumāśritam | paraṁ bhāvam ajānanto mama bhūta-maheśvaram || 9.11*

avajānanti: deride; māṁ: Me; mūḍhāḥ: foolish men; mānuṣīṁ: in human form; tanuṁ: body; āśritaṁ: assuming; paraṁ: transcendental; bhāvaṁ: nature; ajānantaḥ: not knowing; mama: Mine; bhūta: everything that be; maheśvaraṁ: the supreme proprietor.

9.11 Fools deride Me when I descend in the human form. They do not know My transcendental nature as the Supreme Lord [maheśavara] of the entire creation.

*moghāśā moghakarmāṇo moghajñānā vicetasaḥ | rākṣasīmāsurīṁ caiva prakṛtiṁ mohinīṁ śritāḥ || 9.12*

moghāśāḥ: baffled hope; moghakarmāṇaḥ: baffled in fruitive activities; mogha jñānāḥ: baffled in knowledge; vicetasaḥ: bewildered; rākṣasīṁ: demonic; āsurīṁ: atheistic; ca: and; eva: certainly; prakṛtiṁ: nature; mohinīṁ: bewildering; śritāḥ: taking shelter of.

9.12 Those who are thus deluded are demonic and atheistic. In their deluded condition, their hopes for liberation, their result oriented actions and their culture of knowledge become false and useless.

*mahātmānastu māṁ pārtha daivīṁ prakṛtimāśritāḥ | bhajanty ananya-manaso jñātvā bhūtādim avyayam || 9.13*

mahātmānaḥ: the great souls; tu: but; māṁ: unto Me; pārtha: O son of Pritha; daivīṁ: divine; prakṛtiṁ: nature; āśritāḥ: taken shelter of; bhajanti: render service; ananya manasaḥ: without deviation of the mind; jñātvā: knowing; bhūta: creation; ādiṁ: original; avyayaṁ: inexhaustible.

9.13 O Pārtha (son of Prithā), the great souls, who are not deluded, are under the protection of My Divine nature. They are fully devoted to Me with a single-pointed mind as they know Me as the origin of all creation, the unchangeable.

*satataṁ kīrtayanto māṁ yatantaśca dṛḍhavratāḥ | namasyantaśca māṁ bhaktyā nityayuktā upāsate || 9.14*

satataṁ: always; kīrtayantaḥ: chanting; māṁ: Me; yatantaḥ ca: fully endeavoring also; dṛḍha vratāḥ: with determination; namasyantah ca: offering obeisance; māṁ: unto Me; bhaktyā: in devotion; nitya yuktā: perpetually engaged; upāsate: worship.

9.14 Always chanting My names and glories, fully striving with great determination, bowing down onto Me, these great devotees of firm resolve, perpetually worship Me with devotion.

*jñānayajñena cāpyanye yajanto māmupāsate | ekatvena pṛthaktvena bahudhā viśvatomukham || 9.15*

jñāna yajñena: by cultivation of knowledge; ca: also; api: certainly; anye: others; yajantaḥ: worshiping; māṁ: Me; upāsate: worship; ekatvena: in oneness; pṛthaktvena: in duality; bahudhā: diversity; viśvato mukhaṁ: in the universal form.

9.15 Some worship Me by acquiring and spreading wisdom of the Self [jñāna-yajña]. Others worship Me in My non-dual form in oneness, in My infinite form as many, and in My Universal form.

*ahaṁ kraturahaṁ yajñaḥ svadhāham ahamauṣadham | mantro 'hamahamevājyaṁ aham agnir ahaṁ hutam || 9.16*

ahaṁ: I; kratuḥ: ritual; ahaṁ: I; yajñaḥ: sacrifice; svadhā: oblation; ahaṁ: I; auṣadhaṁ: healing herb; mantraḥ: transcendental chant; ahaṁ: I; eva: certainly; ājyaṁ: melted butter; ahaṁ: I; agniḥ: fire; ahaṁ: I; hutaṁ: offering.

*pitāhamasya jagato mātā dhātā pitāmahaḥ | vedyaṁ pavitram oṁkāra ṛksāma yajureva ca || 9.17*

pitā: father; ahaṁ: I; asya: of this; jagataḥ: of the universe; mātā: mother; dhātā: supporter; pitāmahaḥ: grandfather; vedyaṁ: what is to be known; pavitraṁ: that which purifies; oṁkāraḥ: the syllable om; ṛk: the Rig Veda; sāma: the Sama Veda; yajuḥ: the Yajur Veda; eva: certainly; ca: and

*gatirbhartā prabhuḥ sākṣī nivāsaḥ śaraṇaṁ suhṛt | prabhavaḥ pralayaḥ sthānaṁ nidhānaṁ bījamavyayam || I 9.18*

gatiḥ: goal; bhartā: sustainer; prabhuḥ: Lord; sākṣī: witness; nivāsaḥ: abode; śaraṇaṁ: refuge; suhṛt: most intimate friend; prabhavaḥ: creation; pralayaḥ: dissolution; sthānaṁ: ground; nidhānaṁ: resting place; bījaṁ: seed; avyayaṁ: imperishable.

*tapāmy aham ahaṁ varṣaṁ nigṛhṇāmy utsṛjāmi ca | amṛtaṁ caiva mṛtyuśca sadasac cāham arjuna || 9.19*

tapāmi: give heat; ahaṁ: I; ahaṁ: I; varṣaṁ: rain; nigṛhṇāmi: withhold; utsṛjāmi: send forth; ca: and; amṛtaṁ: immortality; ca: and; eva: certainly; mṛtyuḥ: death; ca: and; sat: being; asat: nonbeing; ca: and; ahaṁ: I; arjuna: O Arjuna.

9.16, 17, 18, 19 I am the ritual, I am the sacrifice, I am the offering, I am the herb, I am the mantra, I am the clarified butter, I am the fire, and I am the oblation. I am the supporter of the universe, the father, the mother, and the grandfather. I am the object of knowledge, the sacred syllable "OM", and also the Ṛg, the Yajur, and the Sāma Vedas. I am the goal, the supporter, the Lord, the witness, the abode, the refuge, the friend, the origin, the dissolution, the foundation, the substratum, and the immutable seed. I give heat. I send, as well as withhold, the rain. I am immortality, as well as death. I am also both the Eternal and the temporal, O Arjuna.

*traividyā māṁ somapāḥ pūtapāpā yajñairiṣṭvā svargatiṁ prārthayante | te puṇyam āsādya surendra-lokam aśnanti divyāndivi devabhogān || 9.20*

traividyāḥ: the knowers of the three Vedas; māṁ: unto Me; somapāḥ: drinkers of soma juice; pūta: purified; pāpāḥ: sins; yajñaiḥ: with sacrifices; iṣṭvā: after worshiping; svargatiṁ: passage to heaven; prārthayante: pray; te: they; puṇyaṁ: virtue; āsādya: enjoying; surendra: of Indra; lokaṁ: the world; aśnanti: enjoy; divyān: celestial; divi: in heaven; devabhogān: pleasures of the gods.

9.20 Those who practice the vedic rituals and drink the soma juice worship Me indirectly seeking the heavenly pleasures. They go to heaven and enjoy sensual delights.

> *te taṁ bhuktvā svargalokaṁ viśālaṁ kṣīṇe puṇye martyalokaṁ viśanti | evaṁ trayīdharmam anuprapannā*

### *gatāgataṁ kāmakāmā labhante || 9.21*

te: they; taṁ: that; bhuktvā: enjoying; svargalokaṁ: heaven; viśālaṁ: vast; kṣīṇe: being exhausted; puṇye: merits; martya lokaṁ: mortal earth; viśanti: fall down; evaṁ: thus; trayī: three Vedas; dharmaṁ: doctrines; anuprapannāḥ: following; gatāgataṁ: death and birth; kāma kāmāḥ: desiring sense enjoyments; labhante: attain

9.21 Once they have thus enjoyed heavenly sense pleasure, they are reborn on this planet again. By practicing vedic rituals as result oriented actions, they are bound by the cycle of birth and death.

*ananyāścintayanto māṁ ye janāḥ paryupāsate | teṣāṁ nityābhiyuktānāṁ yogakṣemaṁ vahāmy aham || 9.22*

ananyāḥ: no other; cintayantaḥ: concentrating; māṁ: unto Me; ye: who; janāḥ: persons; paryupāsate: properly worship; teṣāṁ: their; nityābhiyuktānāṁ: always fixed in devotion; yogakṣemaṁ: requirements; vahāmi: carry; ahaṁ: I.

9.22 When you reside in My consciousness, always fixed in undivided remembrance, whatever you lack I give [yoga]. And whatever you have, I preserve [kṣema].

*ye'pyanyadevatā bhaktā yajante śraddhayā'nvitāḥ | te'pi mām eva kaunteya yajanty avidhipūrvakam || 9.23*

ye: those; api: also; anya: other; devatāḥ: demigods; bhaktāḥ: devotees; yajante: worship; śraddhayā anvitāḥ: with faith; te: they; api: also; māṁ: Me; eva: even; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; yajanti: sacrifice; avidhi pūrvakaṁ: in an improper manner.

9.23 Even those who worship other deities, they too worship Me, O Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), but without true understanding.

*ahaṁ hi sarvayajñānāṁ bhoktā ca prabhureva ca | na tu mām abhijānanti tattvenātaścyavanti te || 9.24*

ahaṁ: I; hi: surely; sarva: of all; yajñānāṁ: sacrifices; bhoktā: enjoyer; ca: and; prabhuḥ: Lord; eva: also; ca: and; na: not; tu: but; māṁ: Me; abhijānanti: know; tattvena: in reality; atah: therefore; cyavanti: fall down; te: they

9.24 I am the only enjoyer [bhokta] and the only Lord [prabhu] of all sacrifices. Those who do not recognize My true transcendental nature are born again and again.

*yānti devavratā devān pitṛān yānti pitṛ vratāḥ | bhūtāni yānti bhūtejyā yānti madyājino'pi mām || 9.25*

yānti: achieve; deva vratāḥ: worshipers of demigods; devān: to demigods; pitṛÃn: to ancestors; yānti: go; pitṛ vratāḥ: worshipers of the ancestors; bhūtāni: to ghosts and spirits; yānti: go; bhūtejyāḥ: worshippers of ghosts and spirits; yānti: go; mad: My; yājinaḥ: devotees; api: also; māṁ: unto Me.

9.25 Those who worship the deities will take birth among the deities; those who worship ghosts and spirits will take birth among such beings; those who worship ancestors go to the ancestors; those who worship Me will live with Me.

*patraṁ puṣpaṁ phalaṁ toyaṁ yo me bhaktyā prayacchati | tad ahaṁ bhakty-upahṛtam aśnāmi prayatātmanaḥ || 9.26*

patraṁ: a leaf; puṣpaṁ: a flower; phalaṁ: a fruit; toyaṁ: water; yaḥ: whoever; me: unto Me; bhaktyā: with devotion; prayacchati: offers; tat: that; ahaṁ: I; bhaktyupahṛtaṁ: offered in devotion; aśnāmi: accept; prayatātmanaḥ: of one in pure consciousness.

9.26 Whoever offers Me with love and devotion a leaf, a flower, fruit or water, I will accept and consume what is offered by the pure-hearted.

*yat karoṣi yad aśnāsi yaj juhoṣi dadāsi yat | yat tapasyasi kaunteya tat kuruṣva madarpaṇam || 9.27*

yat: whatever; karoṣi: you do; yat: whatever; aśnāsi: you eat; yat: whatever; juhoṣi: you offer; dadāsi: you give away; yat: whatever; tapasyasi: austerities you perform; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; tat: that; kuruṣva: make; mat: unto Me; arpaṇaṁ: offering.

9.27 O Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), all that you do, all that you eat, all that you offer and give away, as well as all austerities that you may perform, give them as an offering to Me.

*śubhāśubha-phalair evaṁ mokṣyase karma-bandhanaiḥ | sannyāsa-yoga-yuktātmā vimukto māmupaiṣyasi || 9.28*

śubha: good; aśubha: evil; phalaiḥ: results; evaṁ: thus; mokṣyase: free; karma: action; bandhanaiḥ: bondage; sannyāsa: of renunciation; yoga: the yoga; yuktātmā: having the mind firmly set on; vimuktaḥ: liberated; māṁ: to Me; upaiṣyasi: you will attain.

9.28 You will be freed from all reactions to good and evil deeds by this renunciation, You will be liberated and come to Me.

*samo'haṁ sarvabhūteṣu na me dveṣyo'sti na priyaḥ | ye bhajanti tu māṁ bhaktyā mayi te teṣu cā'pyaham || 9.29*

samaḥ: equally disposed; ahaṁ: I; sarva bhūteṣu: to all living entities; na: no ne; me: Mine; dveṣyaḥ: hateful; asti: is; na: nor; priyaḥ: dear; ye: those; bhajanti: render transcendental service; tu: yet; māṁ: unto Me; bhaktyā: in devotion; mayi: unto Me; te: such persons; teṣu: in them; ca: also; api: certainly; ahaṁ: I.


9.29 I am equal to all beings. No one to Me is hateful or dear. But, whoever worships, offers enriching service onto Me in devotion, is in Me and I am also indeed in him.

*api cet sudurācāro bhajate māmananyabhāk I sādhureva sa mantavyaḥ samyag vyavasito hi saḥ II 9.30*

api: in spite of; cet: although; sudurācāraḥ: one committing the most abominable actions; bhajate: engaged in devotional service; māṁ: unto Me; ananyabhāk: without deviation; sādhuḥ: saint; eva: certainly; saḥ: he; mantavyaḥ: to be considered; samyak: completely; vyavasitaḥ: situated; hi: certainly; saḥ: he.

9.30 Even if the most sinful person engages himself in devotional service, He is to be considered saintly because he is properly situated in his determination.

*kṣipraṁ bhavati dharmātmā śaśvacchāntiṁ nigacchati I kaunteya pratijānīhi na me bhaktaḥ praṇaśyati II 9.31*

kṣipraṁ: very soon; bhavati: becomes; dharmātmā: righteous; śaśvat śāntiṁ: lasting peace; nigacchati: attains; kaunteya: O son of Kuntī; pratijānīhi: justly declare; na: never; me: Mine; bhaktaḥ: devotees; praṇaśyati: perishes.

9.31 He quickly becomes righteous and attains lasting peace. O Kaunteya (son of Kuntī), declare it boldly that My devotee never perishes.

*mām hi pārtha vyapāśritya ye'pi syuḥ pāpayonayaḥ I striyo vaiśyāstathā śūdrās te'pi yānti parāṁ gatim II 9.32*

māṁ: unto Me; hi: certainly; pārtha: O son of Prtha; vyapāśritya: particularly taking shelter; ye: anyone; api: also; syuḥ: becomes; pāpayonayaḥ: born of a lower family; striyaḥ: women; vaiśyāḥ: mercantile people; tathā: also; śūdrāḥ: people considered low-born; te api: even they; yānti: go; parāṁ: supreme; gatiṁ: destination.

9.32 O Pārtha (son of Prithā), anyone who takes shelter in Me, women, traders, workers or even sinners can approach the Supreme destination.

*kiṁ punar brāhmaṇāḥ puṇyā bhaktā rājarṣayas tathā I anityam asukhaṁ lokam imaṁ prāpya bhajasva mām II 9.33*

kiṁ: how much; punaḥ: again; brāhmaṇāḥ: brahmanas; puṇyāḥ: righteous; bhaktāḥ: devotees; rājarṣayaḥ: saintly kings; tathā: also; anityaṁ: temporary; asukhaṁ: sorrowful; lokaṁ: planet; imaṁ: this; prāpya: gaining; bhajasva: are engaged in loving service; māṁ: unto Me.

9.33 How easier then it is for the learned, the righteous, the devotees and saintly kings who in this temporary miserable world engage in loving service unto Me.

*manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṁ namaskuru I māmevaiṣyasi yuktvaivam ātmānaṁ matparāyaṇaḥ II 9.34*

manmanāḥ: always thinking of Me; bhava: become; mad: My; bhaktaḥ: devotee; madyājī: My worshiper; māṁ: unto Me; namaskuru: offer obeisances; māṁ: unto Me; eva: completely; eṣyasi: come; yuktvā evaṁ: being absorbed; ātmānaṁ: your soul; matparāyaṇaḥ: devoted to Me.

9.34 Fix your mind on Me, be devoted to Me, worship Me, and bow down to Me. Thus, uniting yourself with Me by setting Me as the supreme goal and the sole refuge, you shall certainly come to Me.

*iti śrīmad bhagavadgītāsūpaniṣatsu brahmavidyāyām yogaśāstre śrīkṛṣṇārjuna saṁvāde rājavidyā rājaguhyayogo nāma navamo'dhyāyaḥ II*

> In the *Upaniṣad* of *Śrimad Bhagavad Gītā*, the scripture of yoga dealing with *Brahmavidyā Yogaśāstra,* the science of Brahman, the Supreme Absolute, in the form of *Śrī Kṛṣṇārjuna saṁvād,* dialogue between Śrī Kṛṣṇa and Arjuna, this is the ninth chapter named, *Rājavidyā Rājaguhya Yogaḥ***,** *'The Yoga of Supreme Knowledge and Supreme Secret.'*

# Vibhūti Yogaḥ

*śrībhagavānuvāca bhūya eva mahābāho śṛṇu me paramaṁ vacaḥ I yatte'haṁ prīyamāṇāya vakṣyāmi hitakāmyayā II 10.1*

śrī bhagavān uvāca: Lord Kṛṣṇa says; bhūyaḥ: again; eva: surely; mahābāho: mighty-armed; śṛṇu: hear; me: My; paramaṁ: supreme; vacaḥ: words; yat: that which; te: to you; ahaṁ: I; prīyamāṇāya: dear to Me; vakṣyāmi: say; hitakāmyayā: with the desire for your benefit.

10.1 Lord Kṛṣṇa says: Listen carefully again, Oh mighty-armed Arjuna! Because you are My dear friend, I shall speak further on the Supreme knowledge for your welfare.

*na me viduḥ suragaṇāḥ prabhavaṁ na maharṣayaḥ I ahamādirhi devānāṁ maharṣīṇāṁ ca sarvaśaḥ II 10.2*

na: not; me: My; viduḥ: know; suragaṇāḥ: demigods; prabhavaṁ: glories; na: not; maharṣayaḥ: great sages; ahaṁ: I; ādiḥ: origin; hi: certainly; devānāṁ: of the gods; maharṣīṇāṁ: of the great sages; ca: and; sarvaśaḥ: in all respects.

10.2 Neither the hosts of deities nor the great sages know My origin, My opulence. I am the source of the deities and the sages.

*yo māmajamanādiṁ ca vetti lokamaheśvaram I asaṁmūḍhaḥ sa martyeṣu sarvapāpaiḥ pramucyate II 10.3*

yo: who; mām: to Me; ajaṁ: unborn; anādiṁ: without beginning; ca: and; vetti: know; loka: worlds; maheśvaram: supreme lord; asaṁmūḍhaḥ: without doubt; sa: he; martyeṣu: mortal; sarva: all; pāpaiḥ: sins; pramucyate: delivered.

10.3 He who knows Me as the unborn, without beginning, and supreme Lord of all the worlds, Only he, who has this clarity, is wise and freed from all bondage.

*buddhirjñānam asaṁmohaḥ kṣamā satyaṁ damaḥ śamaḥ I sukhaṁ duḥkhaṁ bhavo 'bhāvo bhayaṁ cābhayameva ca II 10.4*

buddhih: intelligence; jñānam: knowledge; asaṁmohaḥ: free from doubt; kṣamā: forgiveness; satyaṁ: truthfulness; damaḥ: control of senses; śamaḥ: control of mind; sukhaṁ: happiness; duḥkhaṁ: distress; bhavo 'bhāvo: birth and death; bhayaṁ: fear; cā: and; abhayaṁ: fearlessness; eva: also; ca: and

*ahiṁsā samatā tuṣṭis tapo dānaṁ yaśo 'yaśaḥ I*

### *bhavanti bhāvā bhūtānāṁ matta eva pṛthagvidhāḥ II 10.5*

ahiṁsā: non-violence; samatā: equanimity; tuṣṭis: satisfaction; tapo: austerity; dānaṁ: charity; yaśo: fame; ayaśaḥ: infamy; bhavanti: become; bhāvā: nature; bhūtānāṁ: living beings; matta: from me; eva: surely; pṛthagvidhāḥ: in various forms

10.4,5 Intelligence, knowledge, freedom from doubt and delusion, forgiveness, truthfulness, control of the senses, control of the mind, happiness, distress, birth, death, fear, fearlessness, non-violence, equanimity, satisfaction, austerity, charity, fame and infamy, all these various qualities of living beings are created by Me alone.

*maharṣayaḥ sapta pūrve catvāro manavastathā I madbhāvā mānasā jātā yeṣāṁ loka imāḥ prajāḥ II 10.6*

maharṣayaḥ: great sages; sapta: seven; pūrve: before; catvāro: four; manavas: Manus; tathā: and; madbhāvā: endowed with My power; mānasā: from the mind; jātā: born; yeṣāṁ: of them; loka: worlds; imāḥ: all this; prajāḥ: living beings.

10.6 The seven great sages and before them, the four great Manus, endowed with My power, They arose from My mind and all the living beings populating the planet descend from them.

*etām vibhūtiṁ yogaṁ ca mama yo vetti tattvataḥ I so 'vikampena yogena yujyate nātra saṁśayaḥ II 10.7*

etāṁ: all this; vibhūtiṁ: glory; yogaṁ: powers; ca: and; mama: My; yo: who; vetti: knows; ta tvataḥ: truth; so: he; 'vikampena: without distraction; yogena: in yoga; yujyate: engaged; nā: not; atra: here; saṁśayaḥ: doubt.

10.7 He who knows all this glory and powers of mine, truly, he is fully united in Me; Of that there is no doubt.

*ahaṁ sarvasya prabhavo mattaḥ sarvaṁ pravartate I iti matvā bhajante māṁ budhā bhāvasamanvitāḥ II 10.8*

ahaṁ: I; sarvasya: all; prabhavo; source; mattaḥ: from Me; sarvaṁ: all; pravartate: emanates; iti: thus; matvā: knowing; bhajante: pray; māṁ: to Me; budhā: wise; bhāvasamanvitāḥ: surrender

10.8 I am the source of all the spiritual and material worlds. Everything arises from Me. The wise who know this are devoted to Me and surrender their heart to Me.

*maccittā madgataprāṇā bodhayantaḥ parasparam I kathayantaśca māṁ nityaṁ tuṣyanti ca ramanti ca II 10.9*

maccittā: with mind engaged in Me; madgataprāṇā: lives absorbed in Me; bodhayantaḥ: enlightening; parasparam: one another; kathayantaḥ: talkin about My glories; ca: and; māṁ: about Me; nityaṁ: always; tuṣyanti: satisfied; ca: and; ramanti: enjoy bliss; ca: and

10.9 With mind and lives absorbed on Me, always enlightening one another and talking about My glories, the wise are content and blissful.

*teṣāṁ satatayuktānāṁ bhajatāṁ prītipūrvakam I dadāmi buddhiyogaṁ taṁ yena māmupayānti te II 10.10*

teṣāṁ: to them; satatayuktānāṁ: always engaged; bhajatāṁ: praying; prītipūrvakam: with love; dadāmi: I give; buddhiyogaṁ: intelligence; taṁ: that; yena: by which; mām: to Me; upayānti: come; te: they

10.10 To those who are always engaged in Me with love, I give them enlightenment by which they come to Me.

*teṣāṁ evānukampārtham aham ajñānajaṁ tamaḥ I nāśayāmy ātma-bhāvastho jñānadīpena bhāsvatā II 10.11*

teṣāṁ: to them; evā: also; anukampārtham: out of compassion; aham: I; ajñānajaṁ: born of ignorance; tamaḥ: darkness; nāśayāmi: destroy; ātma: within; bhāvasthaḥ: themselves; jñānadīpena: lamp of knowledge; bhāsvatā: shining

10.11 Out of compassion to them, I destroy the darkness born out of their ignorance by the shining lamp of knowledge.

# *arjuna uvāca*

*paraṁ brahma paraṁ dhāma pavitraṁ paramaṁ bhavān I puruṣaṁ śāśvataṁ divyam ādidevamajaṁ vibhum II 10.12*

Arjuna uvāca: Arjuna says; paraṁ: supreme; brahman: truth; paraṁ: supreme; dhāma: light; pavitraṁ: pure; paramaṁ: supreme; bhavān: yourself; puruṣaṁ: person; śāśvataṁ: original; divyam: godly; ādidevam: original god; ajaṁ: unborn; vibhum: glorious

10.12 Arjuna says: You are the supreme truth, supreme sustenance, supremely purifier, the primal, eternal and glorious Lord.

*āhustvāmṛṣayaḥ sarve devarṣiṛnāradastathā I asito devalo vyāsaḥ svayaṁ caiva bravīṣi me II 10.13*

āhuh: say; tvām: to you; ṛṣayaḥ: sages; sarve: all; devarṣiḥ: sage of gods; nāradaḥ: Nārada; tathā: and; asitaḥ: Asita; devalaḥ: Devala; vyāsaḥ: Vyāsa; svayaṁ: personally; ca: and; eva: surely; bravīṣi: explain; me: to me

10.13 All the sages like Nārada, Asita, Devala, and Vyāsa have explained this. Now you are personally explaining to me.

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*sarvametadṛtaṁ manye yanmāṁ vadasi keśava I na hi te bhagavanvyaktiṁ vidurdevā na dānavāḥ II 10.14*

sarvam: all; etad: these; ṛtaṁ: truths; manye: accept; yan: which; māṁ: to me; vadasi: say; keśava: Keshava; na: not; hi: surely; te: your; bhagavan: lord; vyaktiṁ : express; viduḥ: know; devā: gods; na: nor; dānavāḥ: demons

10.14 Oh Keśava, I accept all these truths that You have told me. Oh Lord, neither he gods nor the demons know You.

*svayamevātmanātmānaṁ vettha tvaṁ puruṣottama I bhūtabhāvana bhūteśa devadeva jagatpate II 10.15*

svayam: own; evā: surely; atmanā: by yourself; atmānaṁ: yourself; vettha: know; tvaṁ: you; puruṣottama: perfect man; bhūtabhāvana: origin of beings; bhūteśa: lord of beings; devadeva: god of gods; jagatpate: lord of the world

10.15 Surely, You alone know Yourself by Yourself, Oh Perfect One, the origin of beings, Oh Lord of beings, Oh God of gods, Oh Lord of the world.

*vaktumarhasyaśeṣeṇa divyā hyātmavibhūtayaḥ I yābhirvibhūtibhirlokān imāṁstvaṁ vyāpya tiṣṭhasi II 10.16*

vaktum: say; arhasi: deserve; aśeṣeṇa: in detail; divyā: divine; hi: surely; ātma: Your; vibhūtayaḥ: glories; yābhir: by which; vibhūtibhiḥ: glories; lokān: worlds; imān: these; tvaṁ: You; vyāpya: pervade; tiṣṭhasi: remain

10.16 Only You can describe in detail Your divine glories by which You pervade this universe.

*kathaṁ vidyāmahaṁ yogiṁs tvāṁ sadā paricintayan I keṣu keṣu ca bhāveṣu cintyo'si bhagavanmayā II 10.17*

kathaṁ: how; vidyām: know; ahaṁ: I; yogins: yogi; tvāṁ: you; sadā: always; paricintayan: contemplation; keṣu-keṣu: in which; ca: and; bhāveṣu: nature; cintyo'si: contemplated; bhagavan: lord; mayā: by me

10.17 How may I know You by contemplation? In which forms should I contemplate on You, Oh Lord?

*vistareṇātmano yogaṁ vibhūtiṁ ca janārdana I bhūyaḥ kathaya tṛptirhi śṛṇvato nāsti me'mṛtam II 10.18*

vistareṇā: in detail; atmano: of Yourself; yogaṁ: powers; vibhūtiṁ: glories; ca: and; janārdana: Janārdana; bhūyaḥ: again; kathaya: say; tṛptiḥ: satisfaction; hi: surely; śṛṇvato: hear; nā: not; asti: is; me: my; amṛtam: nectar

10.18 Tell me in detail of your powers and glories, Oh Janārdana. Again, please tell for my satisfaction as I do not tire of hearing your sweet words.

*śrībhagavānuvāca hanta te kathayiṣyāmi divyā hyātmavibhūtayaḥ I prādhānyataḥ kuruśreṣṭha nāstyanto vistarasya me II 10.19*

śrī bhagavān uvāca: The Lord says; hanta: yes; te: to you; kathayiṣyāmi: I will talk; divyā: divine; hi: surely; ātma: My; vibhūtayaḥ: glories; prādhānyataḥ: main; kuruśreṣṭha: great among the Kurus; na: not; asti: there; antaḥ: end; vistarasya: detail; me: My

10.19 Kṛṣṇa says, 'Yes, Oh kuruśreṣṭha, I will talk to you surely of My divine glories; but only of the main ones as there is no end to the details of My glories.

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*ahamātmā guḍākeśa sarvabhūtāśayasthitaḥ I ahamādiśca madhyaṁ ca bhūtānāmanta eva ca II 10.20*

aham: I; ātmā: soul; guḍākeśa: Arjuna; sarva: all; bhūtā: living beings; aśayasthitaḥ: situated in; aham: I; ādiḥ: beginning; ca: and; madhyaṁ: middle; ca: and; bhūtānām: of living beings; anta: end; eva: also; ca: and

10.20 I am the Spirit, Oh Guḍākeśā, situated in all living beings. I am surely the beginning, middle and end of all beings.

*ādityānāmahaṁ viṣṇur jyotiṣāṁ raviraṁśumān I marīcirmarutāmasmi nakṣatrāṇāmahaṁ śaśī II 10.21*

ādityānām: of the Ādityas; ahaṁ: I; viṣṇuḥ: Viṣṇu; jyotiṣāṁ: of the luminaries; raviḥ : the sun; aṁśumān: bright; marīciḥ: Marīcī; marutām: of the Maruts; asmi: am; nakṣatrāṇāṁ: of the Nakṣatras; ahaṁ: I; śaśī: the moon

10.21 Of the Ādityas, I am Viṣṇu. Of the luminaries, I am the bright sun. Of the Maruts, I am Marīcī. Of the Nakṣatras, I am the moon.

*vedānāṁ sāmavedo'smi devānāmasmi vāsavaḥ I indriyāṇāṁ manaścāsmi bhūtānāmasmi cetanā II 10.22*

vedānāṁ: of the Vedas; sāmavedaḥ: Sāma Veda; asmi: I am; devānām: of the gods; asmi: I am; vāsavaḥ: Vasava; indriyāṇāṁ: of the senses; manaḥ: mind; ca: and; asmi: I am; bhūtānām: of living beings; asmi: I am; cetanā: consciousness

10.22 Of the Vedas, I am the Sāma Veda. Of the gods, I am Indra. Of the senses, I am the mind and in living beings, I am the consciousness.

*rudrāṇāṁ śaṅkaraścāsmi vitteśo yakṣarakṣasām I vasūnāṁ pāvakaścāsmi meruḥ śikhariṇāmaham II 10.23*

rudrāṇāṁ: of the rudras; śaṅkaraḥ: Shankara; ca: and; asmi: I am; vitteśaḥ: god of wealth; yakṣa: demigods; rakṣasām: demons; vasūnāṁ: of the Vasus; pāvakaḥ: fire; ca: and; asmi: I am; meruḥ: Meru; śikhariṇām: of the peaks; aham: I

10.23 Of the Rudras, I am Sankara and of the Yakṣas and Rākṣasas, I am Kubera, god of wealth. Of the Vasus, I am fire and of the peaks, I am Meru.

*purodhasāṁ ca mukhyaṁ māṁ viddhi pārtha bṛhaspatim I senānīnāmahaṁ skandaḥ sarasāmasmi sāgaraḥ II 10.24*

purodhasāṁ: of the priests; ca: and; mukhyaṁ: main; māṁ: Me; viddhi: understand; pārtha: Pārtha; bṛhaspatim: Brihaspati; senānīnām: of the warriors; ahaṁ: I am; skandaḥ: Skanda; sarasām: of the water bodies; asmi: I am; sāgaraḥ: the ocean

10.24 Of the priests, understand, O Pārtha, that I am the chief Brihaspati. Of the warriors, I am Skanda. Of the water bodies, I am the ocean.