text: """HTTP/1.1 client library
  
  <intro stuff goes here>
  <other stuff, too>
  
  HTTPConnection goes through a number of "states", which define when a client
  may legally make another request or fetch the response for a particular
  request. This diagram details these state transitions:
  
      (null)
        |
        | HTTPConnection()
        v
      Idle
        |
        | putrequest()
        v
      Request-started
        |
        | ( putheader() )*  endheaders()
        v
      Request-sent
        |
        | response = getresponse()
        v
      Unread-response   [Response-headers-read]
        |\____________________
        |                     |
        | response.read()     | putrequest()
        v                     v
      Idle                  Req-started-unread-response
                       ______/|
                     /        |
     response.read() |        | ( putheader() )*  endheaders()
                     v        v
         Request-started    Req-sent-unread-response
                              |
                              | response.read()
                              v
                            Request-sent
  
  This diagram presents the following rules:
    -- a second request may not be started until {response-headers-read}
    -- a response [object] cannot be retrieved until {request-sent}
    -- there is no differentiation between an unread response body and a
       partially read response body
  
  Note: this enforcement is applied by the HTTPConnection class. The
        HTTPResponse class does not enforce this state machine, which
        implies sophisticated clients may accelerate the request/response
        pipeline. Caution should be taken, though: accelerating the states
        beyond the above pattern may imply knowledge of the server's
        connection-close behavior for certain requests. For example, it
        is impossible to tell whether the server will close the connection
        UNTIL the response headers have been read; this means that further
        requests cannot be placed into the pipeline until it is known that
        the server will NOT be closing the connection.
  
  Logical State                  __state            __response
  -------------                  -------            ----------
  Idle                           _CS_IDLE           None
  Request-started                _CS_REQ_STARTED    None
  Request-sent                   _CS_REQ_SENT       None
  Unread-response                _CS_IDLE           <response_class>
  Req-started-unread-response    _CS_REQ_STARTED    <response_class>
  Req-sent-unread-response       _CS_REQ_SENT       <response_class>
  """
  
  import socket
  from sys import py3kwarning
  from urlparse import urlsplit
  import warnings
  with warnings.catch_warnings():
      if py3kwarning:
          warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", ".*mimetools has been removed",
                                  DeprecationWarning)
      import mimetools
  
  try:
      from cStringIO import StringIO
  except ImportError:
      from StringIO import StringIO
  
  __all__ = ["HTTP", "HTTPResponse", "HTTPConnection",
             "HTTPException", "NotConnected", "UnknownProtocol",
             "UnknownTransferEncoding", "UnimplementedFileMode",
             "IncompleteRead", "InvalidURL", "ImproperConnectionState",
             "CannotSendRequest", "CannotSendHeader", "ResponseNotReady",
             "BadStatusLine", "error", "responses"]
  
  HTTP_PORT = 80
  HTTPS_PORT = 443
  
  _UNKNOWN = 'UNKNOWN'
  
  # connection states
  _CS_IDLE = 'Idle'
  _CS_REQ_STARTED = 'Request-started'
  _CS_REQ_SENT = 'Request-sent'
  
  # status codes
  # informational
  CONTINUE = 100
  SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS = 101
  PROCESSING = 102
  
  # successful
  OK = 200
  CREATED = 201
  ACCEPTED = 202
  NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION = 203
  NO_CONTENT = 204
  RESET_CONTENT = 205
  PARTIAL_CONTENT = 206
  MULTI_STATUS = 207
  IM_USED = 226
  
  # redirection
  MULTIPLE_CHOICES = 300
  MOVED_PERMANENTLY = 301
  FOUND = 302
  SEE_OTHER = 303
  NOT_MODIFIED = 304
  USE_PROXY = 305
  TEMPORARY_REDIRECT = 307
  
  # client error
  BAD_REQUEST = 400
  UNAUTHORIZED = 401
  PAYMENT_REQUIRED = 402
  FORBIDDEN = 403
  NOT_FOUND = 404
  METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED = 405
  NOT_ACCEPTABLE = 406
  PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED = 407
  REQUEST_TIMEOUT = 408
  CONFLICT = 409
  GONE = 410
  LENGTH_REQUIRED = 411
  PRECONDITION_FAILED = 412
  REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE = 413
  REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG = 414
  UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE = 415
  REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE = 416
  EXPECTATION_FAILED = 417
  UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY = 422
  LOCKED = 423
  FAILED_DEPENDENCY = 424
  UPGRADE_REQUIRED = 426
  
  # server error
  INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR = 500
  NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 501
  BAD_GATEWAY = 502
  SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE = 503
  GATEWAY_TIMEOUT = 504
  HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 505
  INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE = 507
  NOT_EXTENDED = 510
  
  # Mapping status codes to official W3C names
  responses = {
      100: 'Continue',
      101: 'Switching Protocols',
  
      200: 'OK',
      201: 'Created',
      202: 'Accepted',
      203: 'Non-Authoritative Information',
      204: 'No Content',
      205: 'Reset Content',
      206: 'Partial Content',
  
      300: 'Multiple Choices',
      301: 'Moved Permanently',
      302: 'Found',
      303: 'See Other',
      304: 'Not Modified',
      305: 'Use Proxy',
      306: '(Unused)',
      307: 'Temporary Redirect',
  
      400: 'Bad Request',
      401: 'Unauthorized',
      402: 'Payment Required',
      403: 'Forbidden',
      404: 'Not Found',
      405: 'Method Not Allowed',
      406: 'Not Acceptable',
      407: 'Proxy Authentication Required',
      408: 'Request Timeout',
      409: 'Conflict',
      410: 'Gone',
      411: 'Length Required',
      412: 'Precondition Failed',
      413: 'Request Entity Too Large',
      414: 'Request-URI Too Long',
      415: 'Unsupported Media Type',
      416: 'Requested Range Not Satisfiable',
      417: 'Expectation Failed',
  
      500: 'Internal Server Error',
      501: 'Not Implemented',
      502: 'Bad Gateway',
      503: 'Service Unavailable',
      504: 'Gateway Timeout',
      505: 'HTTP Version Not Supported',
  }
  
  # maximal amount of data to read at one time in _safe_read
  MAXAMOUNT = 1048576
  
  class HTTPMessage(mimetools.Message):
  
      def addheader(self, key, value):
          """Add header for field key handling repeats."""
          prev = self.dict.get(key)
          if prev is None:
              self.dict[key] = value
          else:
              combined = ", ".join((prev, value))
              self.dict[key] = combined
  
      def addcontinue(self, key, more):
          """Add more field data from a continuation line."""
          prev = self.dict[key]
          self.dict[key] = prev + "\n " + more
  
      def readheaders(self):
          """Read header lines.
  
          Read header lines up to the entirely blank line that terminates them.
          The (normally blank) line that ends the headers is skipped, but not
          included in the returned list.  If a non-header line ends the headers,
          (which is an error), an attempt is made to backspace over it; it is
          never included in the returned list.
  
          The variable self.status is set to the empty string if all went well,
          otherwise it is an error message.  The variable self.headers is a
          completely uninterpreted list of lines contained in the header (so
          printing them will reproduce the header exactly as it appears in the
          file).
  
          If multiple header fields with the same name occur, they are combined
          according to the rules in RFC 2616 sec 4.2:
  
          Appending each subsequent field-value to the first, each separated
          by a comma. The order in which header fields with the same field-name
          are received is significant to the interpretation of the combined
          field value.
          """
          # XXX The implementation overrides the readheaders() method of
          # rfc822.Message.  The base class design isn't amenable to
          # customized behavior here so the method here is a copy of the
          # base class code with a few small changes.
  
          self.dict = {}
          self.unixfrom = ''
          self.headers = hlist = []
          self.status = ''
          headerseen = ""
          firstline = 1
          startofline = unread = tell = None
          if hasattr(self.fp, 'unread'):
              unread = self.fp.unread
          elif self.seekable:
              tell = self.fp.tell
          while True:
              if tell:
                  try:
                      startofline = tell()
                  except IOError:
                      startofline = tell = None
                      self.seekable = 0
              line = self.fp.readline()
              if not line:
                  self.status = 'EOF in headers'
                  break
              # Skip unix From name time lines
              if firstline and line.startswith('From '):
                  self.unixfrom = self.unixfrom + line
                  continue
              firstline = 0
              if headerseen and line[0] in ' \t':
                  # XXX Not sure if continuation lines are handled properly
                  # for http and/or for repeating headers
                  # It's a continuation line.
                  hlist.append(line)
                  self.addcontinue(headerseen, line.strip())
                  continue
              elif self.iscomment(line):
                  # It's a comment.  Ignore it.
                  continue
              elif self.islast(line):
                  # Note! No pushback here!  The delimiter line gets eaten.
                  break
              headerseen = self.isheader(line)
              if headerseen:
                  # It's a legal header line, save it.
                  hlist.append(line)
                  self.addheader(headerseen, line[len(headerseen)+1:].strip())
                  continue
              else:
                  # It's not a header line; throw it back and stop here.
                  if not self.dict:
                      self.status = 'No headers'
                  else:
                      self.status = 'Non-header line where header expected'
                  # Try to undo the read.
                  if unread:
                      unread(line)
                  elif tell:
                      self.fp.seek(startofline)
                  else:
                      self.status = self.status + '; bad seek'
                  break
  
  class HTTPResponse:
  
      # strict: If true, raise BadStatusLine if the status line can't be
      # parsed as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1 status line.  By default it is
      # false because it prevents clients from talking to HTTP/0.9
      # servers.  Note that a response with a sufficiently corrupted
      # status line will look like an HTTP/0.9 response.
  
      # See RFC 2616 sec 19.6 and RFC 1945 sec 6 for details.
  
      def __init__(self, sock, debuglevel=0, strict=0, method=None, buffering=False):
          if buffering:
              # The caller won't be using any sock.recv() calls, so buffering
              # is fine and recommended for performance.
              self.fp = sock.makefile('rb')
          else:
              # The buffer size is specified as zero, because the headers of
              # the response are read with readline().  If the reads were
              # buffered the readline() calls could consume some of the
              # response, which make be read via a recv() on the underlying
              # socket.
              self.fp = sock.makefile('rb', 0)
          self.debuglevel = debuglevel
          self.strict = strict
          self._method = method
  
          self.msg = None
  
          # from the Status-Line of the response
          self.version = _UNKNOWN # HTTP-Version
          self.status = _UNKNOWN  # Status-Code
          self.reason = _UNKNOWN  # Reason-Phrase
  
          self.chunked = _UNKNOWN         # is "chunked" being used?
          self.chunk_left = _UNKNOWN      # bytes left to read in current chunk
          self.length = _UNKNOWN          # number of bytes left in response
          self.will_close = _UNKNOWN      # conn will close at end of response
  
      def _read_status(self):
          # Initialize with Simple-Response defaults
          line = self.fp.readline()
          if self.debuglevel > 0:
              print "reply:", repr(line)
          if not line:
              # Presumably, the server closed the connection before
              # sending a valid response.
              raise BadStatusLine(line)
          try:
              [version, status, reason] = line.split(None, 2)
          except ValueError:
              try:
                  [version, status] = line.split(None, 1)
                  reason = ""
              except ValueError:
                  # empty version will cause next test to fail and status
                  # will be treated as 0.9 response.
                  version = ""
          if not version.startswith('HTTP/'):
              if self.strict:
                  self.close()
                  raise BadStatusLine(line)
              else:
                  # assume it's a Simple-Response from an 0.9 server
                  self.fp = LineAndFileWrapper(line, self.fp)
                  return "HTTP/0.9", 200, ""
  
          # The status code is a three-digit number
          try:
              status = int(status)
              if status < 100 or status > 999:
                  raise BadStatusLine(line)
          except ValueError:
              raise BadStatusLine(line)
          return version, status, reason
  
      def begin(self):
          if self.msg is not None:
              # we've already started reading the response
              return
  
          # read until we get a non-100 response
          while True:
              version, status, reason = self._read_status()
              if status != CONTINUE:
                  break
              # skip the header from the 100 response
              while True:
                  skip = self.fp.readline().strip()
                  if not skip:
                      break
                  if self.debuglevel > 0:
                      print "header:", skip
  
          self.status = status
          self.reason = reason.strip()
          if version == 'HTTP/1.0':
              self.version = 10
          elif version.startswith('HTTP/1.'):
              self.version = 11   # use HTTP/1.1 code for HTTP/1.x where x>=1
          elif version == 'HTTP/0.9':
              self.version = 9
          else:
              raise UnknownProtocol(version)
  
          if self.version == 9:
              self.length = None
              self.chunked = 0
              self.will_close = 1
              self.msg = HTTPMessage(StringIO())
              return
  
          self.msg = HTTPMessage(self.fp, 0)
          if self.debuglevel > 0:
              for hdr in self.msg.headers:
                  print "header:", hdr,
  
          # don't let the msg keep an fp
          self.msg.fp = None
  
          # are we using the chunked-style of transfer encoding?
          tr_enc = self.msg.getheader('transfer-encoding')
          if tr_enc and tr_enc.lower() == "chunked":
              self.chunked = 1
              self.chunk_left = None
          else:
              self.chunked = 0
  
          # will the connection close at the end of the response?
          self.will_close = self._check_close()
  
          # do we have a Content-Length?
          # NOTE: RFC 2616, S4.4, #3 says we ignore this if tr_enc is "chunked"
          length = self.msg.getheader('content-length')
          if length and not self.chunked:
              try:
                  self.length = int(length)
              except ValueError:
                  self.length = None
              else:
                  if self.length < 0:  # ignore nonsensical negative lengths
                      self.length = None
          else:
              self.length = None
  
          # does the body have a fixed length? (of zero)
          if (status == NO_CONTENT or status == NOT_MODIFIED or
              100 <= status < 200 or      # 1xx codes
              self._method == 'HEAD'):
              self.length = 0
  
          # if the connection remains open, and we aren't using chunked, and
          # a content-length was not provided, then assume that the connection
          # WILL close.
          if not self.will_close and \
             not self.chunked and \
             self.length is None:
              self.will_close = 1
  
      def _check_close(self):
          conn = self.msg.getheader('connection')
          if self.version == 11:
              # An HTTP/1.1 proxy is assumed to stay open unless
              # explicitly closed.
              conn = self.msg.getheader('connection')
              if conn and "close" in conn.lower():
                  return True
              return False
  
          # Some HTTP/1.0 implementations have support for persistent
          # connections, using rules different than HTTP/1.1.
  
          # For older HTTP, Keep-Alive indicates persistent connection.
          if self.msg.getheader('keep-alive'):
              return False
  
          # At least Akamai returns a "Connection: Keep-Alive" header,
          # which was supposed to be sent by the client.
          if conn and "keep-alive" in conn.lower():
              return False
  
          # Proxy-Connection is a netscape hack.
          pconn = self.msg.getheader('proxy-connection')
          if pconn and "keep-alive" in pconn.lower():
              return False
  
          # otherwise, assume it will close
          return True
  
      def close(self):
          if self.fp:
              self.fp.close()
              self.fp = None
  
      def isclosed(self):
          # NOTE: it is possible that we will not ever call self.close(). This
          #       case occurs when will_close is TRUE, length is None, and we
          #       read up to the last byte, but NOT past it.
          #
          # IMPLIES: if will_close is FALSE, then self.close() will ALWAYS be
          #          called, meaning self.isclosed() is meaningful.
          return self.fp is None
  
      # XXX It would be nice to have readline and __iter__ for this, too.
  
      def read(self, amt=None):
          if self.fp is None:
              return ''
  
          if self.chunked:
              return self._read_chunked(amt)
  
          if amt is None:
              # unbounded read
              if self.length is None:
                  s = self.fp.read()
              else:
                  s = self._safe_read(self.length)
                  self.length = 0
              self.close()        # we read everything
              return s
  
          if self.length is not None:
              if amt > self.length:
                  # clip the read to the "end of response"
                  amt = self.length
  
          # we do not use _safe_read() here because this may be a .will_close
          # connection, and the user is reading more bytes than will be provided
          # (for example, reading in 1k chunks)
          s = self.fp.read(amt)
          if self.length is not None:
              self.length -= len(s)
              if not self.length:
                  self.close()
          return s
  
      def _read_chunked(self, amt):
          assert self.chunked != _UNKNOWN
          chunk_left = self.chunk_left
          value = ''
  
          # XXX This accumulates chunks by repeated string concatenation,
          # which is not efficient as the number or size of chunks gets big.
          while True:
              if chunk_left is None:
                  line = self.fp.readline()
                  i = line.find(';')
                  if i >= 0:
                      line = line[:i] # strip chunk-extensions
                  try:
                      chunk_left = int(line, 16)
                  except ValueError:
                      # close the connection as protocol synchronisation is
                      # probably lost
                      self.close()
                      raise IncompleteRead(value)
                  if chunk_left == 0:
                      break
              if amt is None:
                  value += self._safe_read(chunk_left)
              elif amt < chunk_left:
                  value += self._safe_read(amt)
                  self.chunk_left = chunk_left - amt
                  return value
              elif amt == chunk_left:
                  value += self._safe_read(amt)
                  self._safe_read(2)  # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk
                  self.chunk_left = None
                  return value
              else:
                  value += self._safe_read(chunk_left)
                  amt -= chunk_left
  
              # we read the whole chunk, get another
              self._safe_read(2)      # toss the CRLF at the end of the chunk
              chunk_left = None
  
          # read and discard trailer up to the CRLF terminator
          ### note: we shouldn't have any trailers!
          while True:
              line = self.fp.readline()
              if not line:
                  # a vanishingly small number of sites EOF without
                  # sending the trailer
                  break
              if line == '\r\n':
                  break
  
          # we read everything; close the "file"
          self.close()
  
          return value
  
      def _safe_read(self, amt):
          """Read the number of bytes requested, compensating for partial reads.
  
          Normally, we have a blocking socket, but a read() can be interrupted
          by a signal (resulting in a partial read).
  
          Note that we cannot distinguish between EOF and an interrupt when zero
          bytes have been read. IncompleteRead() will be raised in this
          situation.
  
          This function should be used when <amt> bytes "should" be present for
          reading. If the bytes are truly not available (due to EOF), then the
          IncompleteRead exception can be used to detect the problem.
          """
          s = []
          while amt > 0:
              chunk = self.fp.read(min(amt, MAXAMOUNT))
              if not chunk:
                  raise IncompleteRead(s)
              s.append(chunk)
              amt -= len(chunk)
          return ''.join(s)
  
      def getheader(self, name, default=None):
          if self.msg is None:
              raise ResponseNotReady()
          return self.msg.getheader(name, default)
  
      def getheaders(self):
          """Return list of (header, value) tuples."""
          if self.msg is None:
              raise ResponseNotReady()
          return self.msg.items()
  
  
  class HTTPConnection:
  
      _http_vsn = 11
      _http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.1'
  
      response_class = HTTPResponse
      default_port = HTTP_PORT
      auto_open = 1
      debuglevel = 0
      strict = 0
  
      def __init__(self, host, port=None, strict=None,
                   timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
          self.timeout = timeout
          self.sock = None
          self._buffer = []
          self.__response = None
          self.__state = _CS_IDLE
          self._method = None
          self._tunnel_host = None
          self._tunnel_port = None
  
          self._set_hostport(host, port)
          if strict is not None:
              self.strict = strict
  
      def _set_tunnel(self, host, port=None):
          self._tunnel_host = host
          self._tunnel_port = port
  
      def _set_hostport(self, host, port):
          if port is None:
              i = host.rfind(':')
              j = host.rfind(']')         # ipv6 addresses have [...]
              if i > j:
                  try:
                      port = int(host[i+1:])
                  except ValueError:
                      raise InvalidURL("nonnumeric port: '%s'" % host[i+1:])
                  host = host[:i]
              else:
                  port = self.default_port
              if host and host[0] == '[' and host[-1] == ']':
                  host = host[1:-1]
          self.host = host
          self.port = port
  
      def set_debuglevel(self, level):
          self.debuglevel = level
  
      def _tunnel(self):
          self._set_hostport(self._tunnel_host, self._tunnel_port)
          self.send("CONNECT %s:%d HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n" % (self.host, self.port))
          response = self.response_class(self.sock, strict = self.strict, method = self._method)
          (version, code, message) = response._read_status()
          if code != 200:
              self.close()
              raise socket.error, "Tunnel connection failed: %d %s" % (code, message.strip())
          while True:
              line = response.fp.readline()
              if line == '\r\n': break
  
      def connect(self):
          """Connect to the host and port specified in __init__."""
          self.sock = socket.create_connection((self.host,self.port),
                                               self.timeout)
          if self._tunnel_host:
              self._tunnel()
  
      def close(self):
          """Close the connection to the HTTP server."""
          if self.sock:
              self.sock.close()   # close it manually... there may be other refs
              self.sock = None
          if self.__response:
              self.__response.close()
              self.__response = None
          self.__state = _CS_IDLE
  
      def send(self, str):
          """Send `str' to the server."""
          if self.sock is None:
              if self.auto_open:
                  self.connect()
              else:
                  raise NotConnected()
  
          # send the data to the server. if we get a broken pipe, then close
          # the socket. we want to reconnect when somebody tries to send again.
          #
          # NOTE: we DO propagate the error, though, because we cannot simply
          #       ignore the error... the caller will know if they can retry.
          if self.debuglevel > 0:
              print "send:", repr(str)
          try:
              blocksize=8192
              if hasattr(str,'read') :
                  if self.debuglevel > 0: print "sendIng a read()able"
                  data=str.read(blocksize)
                  while data:
                      self.sock.sendall(data)
                      data=str.read(blocksize)
              else:
                  self.sock.sendall(str)
          except socket.error, v:
              if v[0] == 32:      # Broken pipe
                  self.close()
              raise
  
      def _output(self, s):
          """Add a line of output to the current request buffer.
  
          Assumes that the line does *not* end with \\r\\n.
          """
          self._buffer.append(s)
  
      def _send_output(self):
          """Send the currently buffered request and clear the buffer.
  
          Appends an extra \\r\\n to the buffer.
          """
          self._buffer.extend(("", ""))
          msg = "\r\n".join(self._buffer)
          del self._buffer[:]
          self.send(msg)
  
      def putrequest(self, method, url, skip_host=0, skip_accept_encoding=0):
          """Send a request to the server.
  
          `method' specifies an HTTP request method, e.g. 'GET'.
          `url' specifies the object being requested, e.g. '/index.html'.
          `skip_host' if True does not add automatically a 'Host:' header
          `skip_accept_encoding' if True does not add automatically an
             'Accept-Encoding:' header
          """
  
          # if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
          if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
              self.__response = None
  
  
          # in certain cases, we cannot issue another request on this connection.
          # this occurs when:
          #   1) we are in the process of sending a request.   (_CS_REQ_STARTED)
          #   2) a response to a previous request has signalled that it is going
          #      to close the connection upon completion.
          #   3) the headers for the previous response have not been read, thus
          #      we cannot determine whether point (2) is true.   (_CS_REQ_SENT)
          #
          # if there is no prior response, then we can request at will.
          #
          # if point (2) is true, then we will have passed the socket to the
          # response (effectively meaning, "there is no prior response"), and
          # will open a new one when a new request is made.
          #
          # Note: if a prior response exists, then we *can* start a new request.
          #       We are not allowed to begin fetching the response to this new
          #       request, however, until that prior response is complete.
          #
          if self.__state == _CS_IDLE:
              self.__state = _CS_REQ_STARTED
          else:
              raise CannotSendRequest()
  
          # Save the method we use, we need it later in the response phase
          self._method = method
          if not url:
              url = '/'
          str = '%s %s %s' % (method, url, self._http_vsn_str)
  
          self._output(str)
  
          if self._http_vsn == 11:
              # Issue some standard headers for better HTTP/1.1 compliance
  
              if not skip_host:
                  # this header is issued *only* for HTTP/1.1
                  # connections. more specifically, this means it is
                  # only issued when the client uses the new
                  # HTTPConnection() class. backwards-compat clients
                  # will be using HTTP/1.0 and those clients may be
                  # issuing this header themselves. we should NOT issue
                  # it twice; some web servers (such as Apache) barf
                  # when they see two Host: headers
  
                  # If we need a non-standard port,include it in the
                  # header.  If the request is going through a proxy,
                  # but the host of the actual URL, not the host of the
                  # proxy.
  
                  netloc = ''
                  if url.startswith('http'):
                      nil, netloc, nil, nil, nil = urlsplit(url)
  
                  if netloc:
                      try:
                          netloc_enc = netloc.encode("ascii")
                      except UnicodeEncodeError:
                          netloc_enc = netloc.encode("idna")
                      self.putheader('Host', netloc_enc)
                  else:
                      try:
                          host_enc = self.host.encode("ascii")
                      except UnicodeEncodeError:
                          host_enc = self.host.encode("idna")
                      if self.port == self.default_port:
                          self.putheader('Host', host_enc)
                      else:
                          self.putheader('Host', "%s:%s" % (host_enc, self.port))
  
              # note: we are assuming that clients will not attempt to set these
              #       headers since *this* library must deal with the
              #       consequences. this also means that when the supporting
              #       libraries are updated to recognize other forms, then this
              #       code should be changed (removed or updated).
  
              # we only want a Content-Encoding of "identity" since we don't
              # support encodings such as x-gzip or x-deflate.
              if not skip_accept_encoding:
                  self.putheader('Accept-Encoding', 'identity')
  
              # we can accept "chunked" Transfer-Encodings, but no others
              # NOTE: no TE header implies *only* "chunked"
              #self.putheader('TE', 'chunked')
  
              # if TE is supplied in the header, then it must appear in a
              # Connection header.
              #self.putheader('Connection', 'TE')
  
          else:
              # For HTTP/1.0, the server will assume "not chunked"
              pass
  
      def putheader(self, header, value):
          """Send a request header line to the server.
  
          For example: h.putheader('Accept', 'text/html')
          """
          if self.__state != _CS_REQ_STARTED:
              raise CannotSendHeader()
  
          str = '%s: %s' % (header, value)
          self._output(str)
  
      def endheaders(self):
          """Indicate that the last header line has been sent to the server."""
  
          if self.__state == _CS_REQ_STARTED:
              self.__state = _CS_REQ_SENT
          else:
              raise CannotSendHeader()
  
          self._send_output()
  
      def request(self, method, url, body=None, headers={}):
          """Send a complete request to the server."""
  
          try:
              self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
          except socket.error, v:
              # trap 'Broken pipe' if we're allowed to automatically reconnect
              if v[0] != 32 or not self.auto_open:
                  raise
              # try one more time
              self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  
      def _send_request(self, method, url, body, headers):
          # honour explicitly requested Host: and Accept-Encoding headers
          header_names = dict.fromkeys([k.lower() for k in headers])
          skips = {}
          if 'host' in header_names:
              skips['skip_host'] = 1
          if 'accept-encoding' in header_names:
              skips['skip_accept_encoding'] = 1
  
          self.putrequest(method, url, **skips)
  
          if body and ('content-length' not in header_names):
              thelen=None
              try:
                  thelen=str(len(body))
              except TypeError, te:
                  # If this is a file-like object, try to
                  # fstat its file descriptor
                  import os
                  try:
                      thelen = str(os.fstat(body.fileno()).st_size)
                  except (AttributeError, OSError):
                      # Don't send a length if this failed
                      if self.debuglevel > 0: print "Cannot stat!!"
  
              if thelen is not None:
                  self.putheader('Content-Length',thelen)
          for hdr, value in headers.iteritems():
              self.putheader(hdr, value)
          self.endheaders()
  
          if body:
              self.send(body)
  
      def getresponse(self, buffering=False):
          "Get the response from the server."
  
          # if a prior response has been completed, then forget about it.
          if self.__response and self.__response.isclosed():
              self.__response = None
  
          #
          # if a prior response exists, then it must be completed (otherwise, we
          # cannot read this response's header to determine the connection-close
          # behavior)
          #
          # note: if a prior response existed, but was connection-close, then the
          # socket and response were made independent of this HTTPConnection
          # object since a new request requires that we open a whole new
          # connection
          #
          # this means the prior response had one of two states:
          #   1) will_close: this connection was reset and the prior socket and
          #                  response operate independently
          #   2) persistent: the response was retained and we await its
          #                  isclosed() status to become true.
          #
          if self.__state != _CS_REQ_SENT or self.__response:
              raise ResponseNotReady()
  
          args = (self.sock,)
          kwds = {"strict":self.strict, "method":self._method}
          if self.debuglevel > 0:
              args += (self.debuglevel,)
          if buffering:
              #only add this keyword if non-default, for compatibility with
              #other response_classes.
              kwds["buffering"] = True;
          response = self.response_class(*args, **kwds)
  
          try:
              response.begin()
              assert response.will_close != _UNKNOWN
              self.__state = _CS_IDLE
  
              if response.will_close:
                  # this effectively passes the connection to the response
                  self.close()
              else:
                  # remember this, so we can tell when it is complete
                  self.__response = response
  
              return response
          except:
              response.close()
              raise
  
  
  class HTTP:
      "Compatibility class with httplib.py from 1.5."
  
      _http_vsn = 10
      _http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.0'
  
      debuglevel = 0
  
      _connection_class = HTTPConnection
  
      def __init__(self, host='', port=None, strict=None):
          "Provide a default host, since the superclass requires one."
  
          # some joker passed 0 explicitly, meaning default port
          if port == 0:
              port = None
  
          # Note that we may pass an empty string as the host; this will throw
          # an error when we attempt to connect. Presumably, the client code
          # will call connect before then, with a proper host.
          self._setup(self._connection_class(host, port, strict))
  
      def _setup(self, conn):
          self._conn = conn
  
          # set up delegation to flesh out interface
          self.send = conn.send
          self.putrequest = conn.putrequest
          self.endheaders = conn.endheaders
          self.set_debuglevel = conn.set_debuglevel
  
          conn._http_vsn = self._http_vsn
          conn._http_vsn_str = self._http_vsn_str
  
          self.file = None
  
      def connect(self, host=None, port=None):
          "Accept arguments to set the host/port, since the superclass doesn't."
  
          if host is not None:
              self._conn._set_hostport(host, port)
          self._conn.connect()
  
      def getfile(self):
          "Provide a getfile, since the superclass' does not use this concept."
          return self.file
  
      def putheader(self, header, *values):
          "The superclass allows only one value argument."
          self._conn.putheader(header, '\r\n\t'.join(values))
  
      def getreply(self):
          """Compat definition since superclass does not define it.
  
          Returns a tuple consisting of:
          - server status code (e.g. '200' if all goes well)
          - server "reason" corresponding to status code
          - any RFC822 headers in the response from the server
          """
          try:
              response = self._conn.getresponse()
          except BadStatusLine, e:
              ### hmm. if getresponse() ever closes the socket on a bad request,
              ### then we are going to have problems with self.sock
  
              ### should we keep this behavior? do people use it?
              # keep the socket open (as a file), and return it
              self.file = self._conn.sock.makefile('rb', 0)
  
              # close our socket -- we want to restart after any protocol error
              self.close()
  
              self.headers = None
              return -1, e.line, None
  
          self.headers = response.msg
          self.file = response.fp
          return response.status, response.reason, response.msg
  
      def close(self):
          self._conn.close()
  
          # note that self.file == response.fp, which gets closed by the
          # superclass. just clear the object ref here.
          ### hmm. messy. if status==-1, then self.file is owned by us.
          ### well... we aren't explicitly closing, but losing this ref will
          ### do it
          self.file = None
  
  try:
      import ssl
  except ImportError:
      pass
  else:
      class HTTPSConnection(HTTPConnection):
          "This class allows communication via SSL."
  
          default_port = HTTPS_PORT
  
          def __init__(self, host, port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
                       strict=None, timeout=socket._GLOBAL_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT):
              HTTPConnection.__init__(self, host, port, strict, timeout)
              self.key_file = key_file
              self.cert_file = cert_file
  
          def connect(self):
              "Connect to a host on a given (SSL) port."
  
              sock = socket.create_connection((self.host, self.port), self.timeout)
              if self._tunnel_host:
                  self.sock = sock
                  self._tunnel()
              self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(sock, self.key_file, self.cert_file)
  
      __all__.append("HTTPSConnection")
  
      class HTTPS(HTTP):
          """Compatibility with 1.5 httplib interface
  
          Python 1.5.2 did not have an HTTPS class, but it defined an
          interface for sending http requests that is also useful for
          https.
          """
  
          _connection_class = HTTPSConnection
  
          def __init__(self, host='', port=None, key_file=None, cert_file=None,
                       strict=None):
              # provide a default host, pass the X509 cert info
  
              # urf. compensate for bad input.
              if port == 0:
                  port = None
              self._setup(self._connection_class(host, port, key_file,
                                                 cert_file, strict))
  
              # we never actually use these for anything, but we keep them
              # here for compatibility with post-1.5.2 CVS.
              self.key_file = key_file
              self.cert_file = cert_file
  
  
      def FakeSocket (sock, sslobj):
          warnings.warn("FakeSocket is deprecated, and won't be in 3.x.  " +
                        "Use the result of ssl.wrap_socket() directly instead.",
                        DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
          return sslobj
  
  
  class HTTPException(Exception):
      # Subclasses that define an __init__ must call Exception.__init__
      # or define self.args.  Otherwise, str() will fail.
      pass
  
  class NotConnected(HTTPException):
      pass
  
  class InvalidURL(HTTPException):
      pass
  
  class UnknownProtocol(HTTPException):
      def __init__(self, version):
          self.args = version,
          self.version = version
  
  class UnknownTransferEncoding(HTTPException):
      pass
  
  class UnimplementedFileMode(HTTPException):
      pass
  
  class IncompleteRead(HTTPException):
      def __init__(self, partial):
          self.args = partial,
          self.partial = partial
  
  class ImproperConnectionState(HTTPException):
      pass
  
  class CannotSendRequest(ImproperConnectionState):
      pass
  
  class CannotSendHeader(ImproperConnectionState):
      pass
  
  class ResponseNotReady(ImproperConnectionState):
      pass
  
  class BadStatusLine(HTTPException):
      def __init__(self, line):
          self.args = line,
          self.line = line
  
  # for backwards compatibility
  error = HTTPException
  
  class LineAndFileWrapper:
      """A limited file-like object for HTTP/0.9 responses."""
  
      # The status-line parsing code calls readline(), which normally
      # get the HTTP status line.  For a 0.9 response, however, this is
      # actually the first line of the body!  Clients need to get a
      # readable file object that contains that line.
  
      def __init__(self, line, file):
          self._line = line
          self._file = file
          self._line_consumed = 0
          self._line_offset = 0
          self._line_left = len(line)
  
      def __getattr__(self, attr):
          return getattr(self._file, attr)
  
      def _done(self):
          # called when the last byte is read from the line.  After the
          # call, all read methods are delegated to the underlying file
          # object.
          self._line_consumed = 1
          self.read = self._file.read
          self.readline = self._file.readline
          self.readlines = self._file.readlines
  
      def read(self, amt=None):
          if self._line_consumed:
              return self._file.read(amt)
          assert self._line_left
          if amt is None or amt > self._line_left:
              s = self._line[self._line_offset:]
              self._done()
              if amt is None:
                  return s + self._file.read()
              else:
                  return s + self._file.read(amt - len(s))
          else:
              assert amt <= self._line_left
              i = self._line_offset
              j = i + amt
              s = self._line[i:j]
              self._line_offset = j
              self._line_left -= amt
              if self._line_left == 0:
                  self._done()
              return s
  
      def readline(self):
          if self._line_consumed:
              return self._file.readline()
          assert self._line_left
          s = self._line[self._line_offset:]
          self._done()
          return s
  
      def readlines(self, size=None):
          if self._line_consumed:
              return self._file.readlines(size)
          assert self._line_left
          L = [self._line[self._line_offset:]]
          self._done()
          if size is None:
              return L + self._file.readlines()
          else:
              return L + self._file.readlines(size)
  
  def test():
      """Test this module.
  
      A hodge podge of tests collected here, because they have too many
      external dependencies for the regular test suite.
      """
  
      import sys
      import getopt
      opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'd')
      dl = 0
      for o, a in opts:
          if o == '-d': dl = dl + 1
      host = 'www.python.org'
      selector = '/'
      if args[0:]: host = args[0]
      if args[1:]: selector = args[1]
      h = HTTP()
      h.set_debuglevel(dl)
      h.connect(host)
      h.putrequest('GET', selector)
      h.endheaders()
      status, reason, headers = h.getreply()
      print 'status =', status
      print 'reason =', reason
      print "read", len(h.getfile().read())
      print
      if headers:
          for header in headers.headers: print header.strip()
      print
  
      # minimal test that code to extract host from url works
      class HTTP11(HTTP):
          _http_vsn = 11
          _http_vsn_str = 'HTTP/1.1'
  
      h = HTTP11('www.python.org')
      h.putrequest('GET', 'http://www.python.org/~jeremy/')
      h.endheaders()
      h.getreply()
      h.close()
  
      try:
          import ssl
      except ImportError:
          pass
      else:
  
          for host, selector in (('sourceforge.net', '/projects/python'),
                                 ):
              print "https://%s%s" % (host, selector)
              hs = HTTPS()
              hs.set_debuglevel(dl)
              hs.connect(host)
              hs.putrequest('GET', selector)
              hs.endheaders()
              status, reason, headers = hs.getreply()
              print 'status =', status
              print 'reason =', reason
              print "read", len(hs.getfile().read())
              print
              if headers:
                  for header in headers.headers: print header.strip()
              print
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      test()
  