text: /**
   * \file x509_crt.h
   *
   * \brief X.509 certificate parsing and writing
   *
   *  Copyright (C) 2006-2015, ARM Limited, All Rights Reserved
   *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
   *
   *  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
   *  not use this file except in compliance with the License.
   *  You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
   *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
   *  WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
   *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
   *  limitations under the License.
   *
   *  This file is part of mbed TLS (https://tls.mbed.org)
   */
  #ifndef MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_H
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_H
  
  #if !defined(MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE)
  #include "config.h"
  #else
  #include MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE
  #endif
  
  #include "x509.h"
  #include "x509_crl.h"
  
  /**
   * \addtogroup x509_module
   * \{
   */
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  /**
   * \name Structures and functions for parsing and writing X.509 certificates
   * \{
   */
  
  /**
   * Container for an X.509 certificate. The certificate may be chained.
   */
  typedef struct mbedtls_x509_crt
  {
      mbedtls_x509_buf raw;               /**< The raw certificate data (DER). */
      mbedtls_x509_buf tbs;               /**< The raw certificate body (DER). The part that is To Be Signed. */
  
      int version;                /**< The X.509 version. (1=v1, 2=v2, 3=v3) */
      mbedtls_x509_buf serial;            /**< Unique id for certificate issued by a specific CA. */
      mbedtls_x509_buf sig_oid;           /**< Signature algorithm, e.g. sha1RSA */
  
      mbedtls_x509_buf issuer_raw;        /**< The raw issuer data (DER). Used for quick comparison. */
      mbedtls_x509_buf subject_raw;       /**< The raw subject data (DER). Used for quick comparison. */
  
      mbedtls_x509_name issuer;           /**< The parsed issuer data (named information object). */
      mbedtls_x509_name subject;          /**< The parsed subject data (named information object). */
  
      mbedtls_x509_time valid_from;       /**< Start time of certificate validity. */
      mbedtls_x509_time valid_to;         /**< End time of certificate validity. */
  
      mbedtls_pk_context pk;              /**< Container for the public key context. */
  
      mbedtls_x509_buf issuer_id;         /**< Optional X.509 v2/v3 issuer unique identifier. */
      mbedtls_x509_buf subject_id;        /**< Optional X.509 v2/v3 subject unique identifier. */
      mbedtls_x509_buf v3_ext;            /**< Optional X.509 v3 extensions.  */
      mbedtls_x509_sequence subject_alt_names;    /**< Optional list of Subject Alternative Names (Only dNSName supported). */
  
      int ext_types;              /**< Bit string containing detected and parsed extensions */
      int ca_istrue;              /**< Optional Basic Constraint extension value: 1 if this certificate belongs to a CA, 0 otherwise. */
      int max_pathlen;            /**< Optional Basic Constraint extension value: The maximum path length to the root certificate. Path length is 1 higher than RFC 5280 'meaning', so 1+ */
  
      unsigned int key_usage;     /**< Optional key usage extension value: See the values in x509.h */
  
      mbedtls_x509_sequence ext_key_usage; /**< Optional list of extended key usage OIDs. */
  
      unsigned char ns_cert_type; /**< Optional Netscape certificate type extension value: See the values in x509.h */
  
      mbedtls_x509_buf sig;               /**< Signature: hash of the tbs part signed with the private key. */
      mbedtls_md_type_t sig_md;           /**< Internal representation of the MD algorithm of the signature algorithm, e.g. MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256 */
      mbedtls_pk_type_t sig_pk;           /**< Internal representation of the Public Key algorithm of the signature algorithm, e.g. MBEDTLS_PK_RSA */
      void *sig_opts;             /**< Signature options to be passed to mbedtls_pk_verify_ext(), e.g. for RSASSA-PSS */
  
      struct mbedtls_x509_crt *next;     /**< Next certificate in the CA-chain. */
  }
  mbedtls_x509_crt;
  
  /**
   * Build flag from an algorithm/curve identifier (pk, md, ecp)
   * Since 0 is always XXX_NONE, ignore it.
   */
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG( id )   ( 1 << ( id - 1 ) )
  
  /**
   * Security profile for certificate verification.
   *
   * All lists are bitfields, built by ORing flags from MBEDTLS_X509_ID_FLAG().
   */
  typedef struct
  {
      uint32_t allowed_mds;       /**< MDs for signatures         */
      uint32_t allowed_pks;       /**< PK algs for signatures     */
      uint32_t allowed_curves;    /**< Elliptic curves for ECDSA  */
      uint32_t rsa_min_bitlen;    /**< Minimum size for RSA keys  */
  }
  mbedtls_x509_crt_profile;
  
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_1              0
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_2              1
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3              2
  
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_RFC5280_MAX_SERIAL_LEN 32
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_RFC5280_UTC_TIME_LEN   15
  
  #if !defined( MBEDTLS_X509_MAX_FILE_PATH_LEN )
  #define MBEDTLS_X509_MAX_FILE_PATH_LEN 512
  #endif
  
  /**
   * Container for writing a certificate (CRT)
   */
  typedef struct mbedtls_x509write_cert
  {
      int version;
      mbedtls_mpi serial;
      mbedtls_pk_context *subject_key;
      mbedtls_pk_context *issuer_key;
      mbedtls_asn1_named_data *subject;
      mbedtls_asn1_named_data *issuer;
      mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg;
      char not_before[MBEDTLS_X509_RFC5280_UTC_TIME_LEN + 1];
      char not_after[MBEDTLS_X509_RFC5280_UTC_TIME_LEN + 1];
      mbedtls_asn1_named_data *extensions;
  }
  mbedtls_x509write_cert;
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C)
  /**
   * Default security profile. Should provide a good balance between security
   * and compatibility with current deployments.
   */
  extern const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile mbedtls_x509_crt_profile_default;
  
  /**
   * Expected next default profile. Recommended for new deployments.
   * Currently targets a 128-bit security level, except for RSA-2048.
   */
  extern const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile mbedtls_x509_crt_profile_next;
  
  /**
   * NSA Suite B profile.
   */
  extern const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile mbedtls_x509_crt_profile_suiteb;
  
  /**
   * \brief          Parse a single DER formatted certificate and add it
   *                 to the chained list.
   *
   * \param chain    points to the start of the chain
   * \param buf      buffer holding the certificate DER data
   * \param buflen   size of the buffer
   *
   * \return         0 if successful, or a specific X509 or PEM error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_der( mbedtls_x509_crt *chain, const unsigned char *buf,
                          size_t buflen );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Parse one or more certificates and add them
   *                 to the chained list. Parses permissively. If some
   *                 certificates can be parsed, the result is the number
   *                 of failed certificates it encountered. If none complete
   *                 correctly, the first error is returned.
   *
   * \param chain    points to the start of the chain
   * \param buf      buffer holding the certificate data in PEM or DER format
   * \param buflen   size of the buffer
   *                 (including the terminating null byte for PEM data)
   *
   * \return         0 if all certificates parsed successfully, a positive number
   *                 if partly successful or a specific X509 or PEM error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_parse( mbedtls_x509_crt *chain, const unsigned char *buf, size_t buflen );
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO)
  /**
   * \brief          Load one or more certificates and add them
   *                 to the chained list. Parses permissively. If some
   *                 certificates can be parsed, the result is the number
   *                 of failed certificates it encountered. If none complete
   *                 correctly, the first error is returned.
   *
   * \param chain    points to the start of the chain
   * \param path     filename to read the certificates from
   *
   * \return         0 if all certificates parsed successfully, a positive number
   *                 if partly successful or a specific X509 or PEM error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file( mbedtls_x509_crt *chain, const char *path );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Load one or more certificate files from a path and add them
   *                 to the chained list. Parses permissively. If some
   *                 certificates can be parsed, the result is the number
   *                 of failed certificates it encountered. If none complete
   *                 correctly, the first error is returned.
   *
   * \param chain    points to the start of the chain
   * \param path     directory / folder to read the certificate files from
   *
   * \return         0 if all certificates parsed successfully, a positive number
   *                 if partly successful or a specific X509 or PEM error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_path( mbedtls_x509_crt *chain, const char *path );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_FS_IO */
  
  /**
   * \brief          Returns an informational string about the
   *                 certificate.
   *
   * \param buf      Buffer to write to
   * \param size     Maximum size of buffer
   * \param prefix   A line prefix
   * \param crt      The X509 certificate to represent
   *
   * \return         The length of the string written (not including the
   *                 terminated nul byte), or a negative error code.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_info( char *buf, size_t size, const char *prefix,
                     const mbedtls_x509_crt *crt );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Returns an informational string about the
   *                 verification status of a certificate.
   *
   * \param buf      Buffer to write to
   * \param size     Maximum size of buffer
   * \param prefix   A line prefix
   * \param flags    Verification flags created by mbedtls_x509_crt_verify()
   *
   * \return         The length of the string written (not including the
   *                 terminated nul byte), or a negative error code.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info( char *buf, size_t size, const char *prefix,
                            uint32_t flags );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Verify the certificate signature
   *
   *                 The verify callback is a user-supplied callback that
   *                 can clear / modify / add flags for a certificate. If set,
   *                 the verification callback is called for each
   *                 certificate in the chain (from the trust-ca down to the
   *                 presented crt). The parameters for the callback are:
   *                 (void *parameter, mbedtls_x509_crt *crt, int certificate_depth,
   *                 int *flags). With the flags representing current flags for
   *                 that specific certificate and the certificate depth from
   *                 the bottom (Peer cert depth = 0).
   *
   *                 All flags left after returning from the callback
   *                 are also returned to the application. The function should
   *                 return 0 for anything (including invalid certificates)
   *                 other than fatal error, as a non-zero return code
   *                 immediately aborts the verification process. For fatal
   *                 errors, a specific error code should be used (different
   *                 from MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED which should not
   *                 be returned at this point), or MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_FATAL_ERROR
   *                 can be used if no better code is available.
   *
   * \note           In case verification failed, the results can be displayed
   *                 using \c mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_info()
   *
   * \note           Same as \c mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_with_profile() with the
   *                 default security profile.
   *
   * \note           It is your responsibility to provide up-to-date CRLs for
   *                 all trusted CAs. If no CRL is provided for the CA that was
   *                 used to sign the certificate, CRL verification is skipped
   *                 silently, that is *without* setting any flag.
   *
   * \param crt      a certificate (chain) to be verified
   * \param trust_ca the list of trusted CAs
   * \param ca_crl   the list of CRLs for trusted CAs (see note above)
   * \param cn       expected Common Name (can be set to
   *                 NULL if the CN must not be verified)
   * \param flags    result of the verification
   * \param f_vrfy   verification function
   * \param p_vrfy   verification parameter
   *
   * \return         0 (and flags set to 0) if the chain was verified and valid,
   *                 MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED if the chain was verified
   *                 but found to be invalid, in which case *flags will have one
   *                 or more MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_XXX or MBEDTLS_X509_BADCRL_XXX
   *                 flags set, or another error (and flags set to 0xffffffff)
   *                 in case of a fatal error encountered during the
   *                 verification process.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_verify( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                       mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
                       mbedtls_x509_crl *ca_crl,
                       const char *cn, uint32_t *flags,
                       int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
                       void *p_vrfy );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Verify the certificate signature according to profile
   *
   * \note           Same as \c mbedtls_x509_crt_verify(), but with explicit
   *                 security profile.
   *
   * \note           The restrictions on keys (RSA minimum size, allowed curves
   *                 for ECDSA) apply to all certificates: trusted root,
   *                 intermediate CAs if any, and end entity certificate.
   *
   * \param crt      a certificate (chain) to be verified
   * \param trust_ca the list of trusted CAs
   * \param ca_crl   the list of CRLs for trusted CAs
   * \param profile  security profile for verification
   * \param cn       expected Common Name (can be set to
   *                 NULL if the CN must not be verified)
   * \param flags    result of the verification
   * \param f_vrfy   verification function
   * \param p_vrfy   verification parameter
   *
   * \return         0 if successful or MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_CERT_VERIFY_FAILED
   *                 in which case *flags will have one or more
   *                 MBEDTLS_X509_BADCERT_XXX or MBEDTLS_X509_BADCRL_XXX flags
   *                 set,
   *                 or another error in case of a fatal error encountered
   *                 during the verification process.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_verify_with_profile( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                       mbedtls_x509_crt *trust_ca,
                       mbedtls_x509_crl *ca_crl,
                       const mbedtls_x509_crt_profile *profile,
                       const char *cn, uint32_t *flags,
                       int (*f_vrfy)(void *, mbedtls_x509_crt *, int, uint32_t *),
                       void *p_vrfy );
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CHECK_KEY_USAGE)
  /**
   * \brief          Check usage of certificate against keyUsage extension.
   *
   * \param crt      Leaf certificate used.
   * \param usage    Intended usage(s) (eg MBEDTLS_X509_KU_KEY_ENCIPHERMENT
   *                 before using the certificate to perform an RSA key
   *                 exchange).
   *
   * \note           Except for decipherOnly and encipherOnly, a bit set in the
   *                 usage argument means this bit MUST be set in the
   *                 certificate. For decipherOnly and encipherOnly, it means
   *                 that bit MAY be set.
   *
   * \return         0 is these uses of the certificate are allowed,
   *                 MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_BAD_INPUT_DATA if the keyUsage extension
   *                 is present but does not match the usage argument.
   *
   * \note           You should only call this function on leaf certificates, on
   *                 (intermediate) CAs the keyUsage extension is automatically
   *                 checked by \c mbedtls_x509_crt_verify().
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_check_key_usage( const mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                                        unsigned int usage );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CHECK_KEY_USAGE) */
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CHECK_EXTENDED_KEY_USAGE)
  /**
   * \brief          Check usage of certificate against extentedJeyUsage.
   *
   * \param crt      Leaf certificate used.
   * \param usage_oid Intended usage (eg MBEDTLS_OID_SERVER_AUTH or MBEDTLS_OID_CLIENT_AUTH).
   * \param usage_len Length of usage_oid (eg given by MBEDTLS_OID_SIZE()).
   *
   * \return         0 if this use of the certificate is allowed,
   *                 MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_BAD_INPUT_DATA if not.
   *
   * \note           Usually only makes sense on leaf certificates.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_check_extended_key_usage( const mbedtls_x509_crt *crt,
                                         const char *usage_oid,
                                         size_t usage_len );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CHECK_EXTENDED_KEY_USAGE) */
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C)
  /**
   * \brief          Verify the certificate revocation status
   *
   * \param crt      a certificate to be verified
   * \param crl      the CRL to verify against
   *
   * \return         1 if the certificate is revoked, 0 otherwise
   *
   */
  int mbedtls_x509_crt_is_revoked( const mbedtls_x509_crt *crt, const mbedtls_x509_crl *crl );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CRL_PARSE_C */
  
  /**
   * \brief          Initialize a certificate (chain)
   *
   * \param crt      Certificate chain to initialize
   */
  void mbedtls_x509_crt_init( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt );
  
  /**
   * \brief          Unallocate all certificate data
   *
   * \param crt      Certificate chain to free
   */
  void mbedtls_x509_crt_free( mbedtls_x509_crt *crt );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C */
  
  /* \} name */
  /* \} addtogroup x509_module */
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_WRITE_C)
  /**
   * \brief           Initialize a CRT writing context
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to initialize
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_init( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the verion for a Certificate
   *                  Default: MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param version   version to set (MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_1, MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_2 or
   *                                  MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3)
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_version( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, int version );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the serial number for a Certificate.
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param serial    serial number to set
   *
   * \return          0 if successful
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_serial( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, const mbedtls_mpi *serial );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the validity period for a Certificate
   *                  Timestamps should be in string format for UTC timezone
   *                  i.e. "YYYYMMDDhhmmss"
   *                  e.g. "20131231235959" for December 31st 2013
   *                       at 23:59:59
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param not_before    not_before timestamp
   * \param not_after     not_after timestamp
   *
   * \return          0 if timestamp was parsed successfully, or
   *                  a specific error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_validity( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, const char *not_before,
                                  const char *not_after );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the issuer name for a Certificate
   *                  Issuer names should contain a comma-separated list
   *                  of OID types and values:
   *                  e.g. "C=UK,O=ARM,CN=mbed TLS CA"
   *
   * \param ctx           CRT context to use
   * \param issuer_name   issuer name to set
   *
   * \return          0 if issuer name was parsed successfully, or
   *                  a specific error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_name( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                     const char *issuer_name );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the subject name for a Certificate
   *                  Subject names should contain a comma-separated list
   *                  of OID types and values:
   *                  e.g. "C=UK,O=ARM,CN=mbed TLS Server 1"
   *
   * \param ctx           CRT context to use
   * \param subject_name  subject name to set
   *
   * \return          0 if subject name was parsed successfully, or
   *                  a specific error code
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_name( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                      const char *subject_name );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the subject public key for the certificate
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param key       public key to include
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_key( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, mbedtls_pk_context *key );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the issuer key used for signing the certificate
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param key       private key to sign with
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_key( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, mbedtls_pk_context *key );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the MD algorithm to use for the signature
   *                  (e.g. MBEDTLS_MD_SHA1)
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param md_alg    MD algorithm to use
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_md_alg( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, mbedtls_md_type_t md_alg );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Generic function to add to or replace an extension in the
   *                  CRT
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param oid       OID of the extension
   * \param oid_len   length of the OID
   * \param critical  if the extension is critical (per the RFC's definition)
   * \param val       value of the extension OCTET STRING
   * \param val_len   length of the value data
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or a MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_extension( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                   const char *oid, size_t oid_len,
                                   int critical,
                                   const unsigned char *val, size_t val_len );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the basicConstraints extension for a CRT
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param is_ca     is this a CA certificate
   * \param max_pathlen   maximum length of certificate chains below this
   *                      certificate (only for CA certificates, -1 is
   *                      inlimited)
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or a MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_basic_constraints( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                           int is_ca, int max_pathlen );
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_SHA1_C)
  /**
   * \brief           Set the subjectKeyIdentifier extension for a CRT
   *                  Requires that mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_key() has been
   *                  called before
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or a MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_key_identifier( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the authorityKeyIdentifier extension for a CRT
   *                  Requires that mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_key() has been
   *                  called before
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or a MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_authority_key_identifier( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_SHA1_C */
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the Key Usage Extension flags
   *                  (e.g. MBEDTLS_X509_KU_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE | MBEDTLS_X509_KU_KEY_CERT_SIGN)
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to use
   * \param key_usage key usage flags to set
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_key_usage( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                           unsigned int key_usage );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Set the Netscape Cert Type flags
   *                  (e.g. MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_SSL_CLIENT | MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_EMAIL)
   *
   * \param ctx           CRT context to use
   * \param ns_cert_type  Netscape Cert Type flags to set
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or MBEDTLS_ERR_X509_ALLOC_FAILED
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_ns_cert_type( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx,
                                      unsigned char ns_cert_type );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Free the contents of a CRT write context
   *
   * \param ctx       CRT context to free
   */
  void mbedtls_x509write_crt_free( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx );
  
  /**
   * \brief           Write a built up certificate to a X509 DER structure
   *                  Note: data is written at the end of the buffer! Use the
   *                        return value to determine where you should start
   *                        using the buffer
   *
   * \param ctx       certificate to write away
   * \param buf       buffer to write to
   * \param size      size of the buffer
   * \param f_rng     RNG function (for signature, see note)
   * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
   *
   * \return          length of data written if successful, or a specific
   *                  error code
   *
   * \note            f_rng may be NULL if RSA is used for signature and the
   *                  signature is made offline (otherwise f_rng is desirable
   *                  for countermeasures against timing attacks).
   *                  ECDSA signatures always require a non-NULL f_rng.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_der( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, unsigned char *buf, size_t size,
                         int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
                         void *p_rng );
  
  #if defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_WRITE_C)
  /**
   * \brief           Write a built up certificate to a X509 PEM string
   *
   * \param ctx       certificate to write away
   * \param buf       buffer to write to
   * \param size      size of the buffer
   * \param f_rng     RNG function (for signature, see note)
   * \param p_rng     RNG parameter
   *
   * \return          0 if successful, or a specific error code
   *
   * \note            f_rng may be NULL if RSA is used for signature and the
   *                  signature is made offline (otherwise f_rng is desirable
   *                  for countermeasures against timing attacks).
   *                  ECDSA signatures always require a non-NULL f_rng.
   */
  int mbedtls_x509write_crt_pem( mbedtls_x509write_cert *ctx, unsigned char *buf, size_t size,
                         int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
                         void *p_rng );
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_PEM_WRITE_C */
  #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_WRITE_C */
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  
  #endif /* mbedtls_x509_crt.h */
  