text: # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
  tests = r"""
  >>> from django.forms import *
  >>> from django.forms.widgets import RadioFieldRenderer
  >>> from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
  >>> from django.utils import formats
  >>> import datetime
  >>> import time
  >>> import re
  >>> from decimal import Decimal
  >>> from django.utils.translation import activate, deactivate
  >>> from django.conf import settings
  
  ###########
  # Widgets #
  ###########
  
  Each Widget class corresponds to an HTML form widget. A Widget knows how to
  render itself, given a field name and some data. Widgets don't perform
  validation.
  
  # TextInput Widget ############################################################
  
  >>> w = TextInput()
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="text" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u'<input type="text" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com')
  u'<input type="text" name="email" value="test@example.com" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'some "quoted" & ampersanded value')
  u'<input type="text" name="email" value="some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="text" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />'
  
  # Note that doctest in Python 2.4 (and maybe 2.5?) doesn't support non-ascii
  # characters in output, so we're displaying the repr() here.
  >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="text" name="email" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" class="fun" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = TextInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="text" class="fun" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'foo@example.com')
  u'<input type="text" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = TextInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('email', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="text" class="special" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' can be safe-strings if needed
  >>> w = TextInput(attrs={'onBlur': mark_safe("function('foo')")})
  >>> print w.render('email', '')
  <input onBlur="function('foo')" type="text" name="email" />
  
  # PasswordInput Widget ############################################################
  
  >>> w = PasswordInput()
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="password" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u'<input type="password" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'secret')
  u'<input type="password" name="email" />'
  
  The render_value argument lets you specify whether the widget should render
  its value. For security reasons, this is off by default.
  
  >>> w = PasswordInput(render_value=True)
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="password" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u'<input type="password" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com')
  u'<input type="password" name="email" value="test@example.com" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'some "quoted" & ampersanded value')
  u'<input type="password" name="email" value="some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="password" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'}, render_value=True)
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="password" class="fun" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'foo@example.com')
  u'<input type="password" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = PasswordInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'}, render_value=True)
  >>> w.render('email', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="password" class="special" name="email" />'
  
  >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="password" class="fun" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" name="email" />'
  
  # HiddenInput Widget ############################################################
  
  >>> w = HiddenInput()
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com')
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'some "quoted" & ampersanded value')
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = HiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'foo@example.com')
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = HiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('email', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="special" name="email" />'
  
  >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = HiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('email', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="special" name="email" />'
  
  Boolean values are rendered to their string forms ("True" and "False").
  >>> w = HiddenInput()
  >>> w.render('get_spam', False)
  u'<input type="hidden" name="get_spam" value="False" />'
  >>> w.render('get_spam', True)
  u'<input type="hidden" name="get_spam" value="True" />'
  
  # MultipleHiddenInput Widget ##################################################
  
  >>> w = MultipleHiddenInput()
  >>> w.render('email', [])
  u''
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u''
  >>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com'])
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" />'
  >>> w.render('email', ['some "quoted" & ampersanded value'])
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value" />'
  >>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com', 'foo@example.com'])
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" />\n<input type="hidden" name="email" value="foo@example.com" />'
  >>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />'
  >>> w.render('email', ['test@example.com', 'foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="hidden" name="email" value="test@example.com" class="fun" />\n<input type="hidden" name="email" value="foo@example.com" class="fun" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  >>> w.render('email', [])
  u''
  >>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'])
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com', 'test@example.com'])
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />\n<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="test@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="special" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  >>> w.render('email', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="fun" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" name="email" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = MultipleHiddenInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('email', ['foo@example.com'], attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="hidden" class="special" value="foo@example.com" name="email" />'
  
  Each input gets a separate ID.
  >>> w = MultipleHiddenInput()
  >>> w.render('letters', list('abc'), attrs={'id': 'hideme'})
  u'<input type="hidden" name="letters" value="a" id="hideme_0" />\n<input type="hidden" name="letters" value="b" id="hideme_1" />\n<input type="hidden" name="letters" value="c" id="hideme_2" />'
  
  # FileInput Widget ############################################################
  
  FileInput widgets don't ever show the value, because the old value is of no use
  if you are updating the form or if the provided file generated an error.
  >>> w = FileInput()
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="file" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', None)
  u'<input type="file" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com')
  u'<input type="file" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'some "quoted" & ampersanded value')
  u'<input type="file" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'test@example.com', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="file" name="email" class="fun" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = FileInput(attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  >>> w.render('email', '')
  u'<input type="file" class="fun" name="email" />'
  >>> w.render('email', 'foo@example.com')
  u'<input type="file" class="fun" name="email" />'
  
  >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<input type="file" class="fun" name="email" />'
  
  Test for the behavior of _has_changed for FileInput. The value of data will
  more than likely come from request.FILES. The value of initial data will
  likely be a filename stored in the database. Since its value is of no use to
  a FileInput it is ignored.
  
  >>> w = FileInput()
  
  # No file was uploaded and no initial data.
  >>> w._has_changed(u'', None)
  False
  
  # A file was uploaded and no initial data.
  >>> w._has_changed(u'', {'filename': 'resume.txt', 'content': 'My resume'})
  True
  
  # A file was not uploaded, but there is initial data
  >>> w._has_changed(u'resume.txt', None)
  False
  
  # A file was uploaded and there is initial data (file identity is not dealt
  # with here)
  >>> w._has_changed('resume.txt', {'filename': 'resume.txt', 'content': 'My resume'})
  True
  
  # Textarea Widget #############################################################
  
  >>> w = Textarea()
  >>> w.render('msg', '')
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg"></textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', None)
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg"></textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', 'value')
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg">value</textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', 'some "quoted" & ampersanded value')
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg">some &quot;quoted&quot; &amp; ampersanded value</textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', mark_safe('pre &quot;quoted&quot; value'))
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg">pre &quot;quoted&quot; value</textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', 'value', attrs={'class': 'pretty', 'rows': 20})
  u'<textarea class="pretty" rows="20" cols="40" name="msg">value</textarea>'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = Textarea(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('msg', '')
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg" class="pretty"></textarea>'
  >>> w.render('msg', 'example')
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg" class="pretty">example</textarea>'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = Textarea(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('msg', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg" class="special"></textarea>'
  
  >>> w.render('msg', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', attrs={'class': 'fun'})
  u'<textarea rows="10" cols="40" name="msg" class="fun">\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</textarea>'
  
  # CheckboxInput Widget ########################################################
  
  >>> w = CheckboxInput()
  >>> w.render('is_cool', '')
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
  >>> w.render('is_cool', None)
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
  >>> w.render('is_cool', False)
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
  >>> w.render('is_cool', True)
  u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
  
  Using any value that's not in ('', None, False, True) will check the checkbox
  and set the 'value' attribute.
  >>> w.render('is_cool', 'foo')
  u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="is_cool" value="foo" />'
  
  >>> w.render('is_cool', False, attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" class="pretty" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor:
  >>> w = CheckboxInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('is_cool', '')
  u'<input type="checkbox" class="pretty" name="is_cool" />'
  
  'attrs' passed to render() get precedence over those passed to the constructor:
  >>> w = CheckboxInput(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('is_cool', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
  u'<input type="checkbox" class="special" name="is_cool" />'
  
  You can pass 'check_test' to the constructor. This is a callable that takes the
  value and returns True if the box should be checked.
  >>> w = CheckboxInput(check_test=lambda value: value.startswith('hello'))
  >>> w.render('greeting', '')
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
  >>> w.render('greeting', 'hello')
  u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello" />'
  >>> w.render('greeting', 'hello there')
  u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello there" />'
  >>> w.render('greeting', 'hello & goodbye')
  u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello &amp; goodbye" />'
  
  A subtlety: If the 'check_test' argument cannot handle a value and raises any
  exception during its __call__, then the exception will be swallowed and the box
  will not be checked. In this example, the 'check_test' assumes the value has a
  startswith() method, which fails for the values True, False and None.
  >>> w.render('greeting', True)
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
  >>> w.render('greeting', False)
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
  >>> w.render('greeting', None)
  u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
  
  The CheckboxInput widget will return False if the key is not found in the data
  dictionary (because HTML form submission doesn't send any result for unchecked
  checkboxes).
  >>> w.value_from_datadict({}, {}, 'testing')
  False
  
  >>> w._has_changed(None, None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(None, u'')
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(u'', None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(u'', u'')
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(False, u'on')
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(True, u'on')
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(True, u'')
  True
  
  # Select Widget ###############################################################
  
  >>> w = Select()
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select name="beatle">
  <option value="J" selected="selected">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  If the value is None, none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatle', None, choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select name="beatle">
  <option value="J">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  If the value corresponds to a label (but not to an option value), none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'John', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select name="beatle">
  <option value="J">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  The value is compared to its str():
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')])
  <select name="num">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('num', '2', choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <select name="num">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <select name="num">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  
  The 'choices' argument can be any iterable:
  >>> from itertools import chain
  >>> def get_choices():
  ...     for i in range(5):
  ...         yield (i, i)
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=get_choices())
  <select name="num">
  <option value="0">0</option>
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  </select>
  >>> things = ({'id': 1, 'name': 'And Boom'}, {'id': 2, 'name': 'One More Thing!'})
  >>> class SomeForm(Form):
  ...     somechoice = ChoiceField(choices=chain((('', '-'*9),), [(thing['id'], thing['name']) for thing in things]))
  >>> f = SomeForm()
  >>> f.as_table()
  u'<tr><th><label for="id_somechoice">Somechoice:</label></th><td><select name="somechoice" id="id_somechoice">\n<option value="" selected="selected">---------</option>\n<option value="1">And Boom</option>\n<option value="2">One More Thing!</option>\n</select></td></tr>'
  >>> f.as_table()
  u'<tr><th><label for="id_somechoice">Somechoice:</label></th><td><select name="somechoice" id="id_somechoice">\n<option value="" selected="selected">---------</option>\n<option value="1">And Boom</option>\n<option value="2">One More Thing!</option>\n</select></td></tr>'
  >>> f = SomeForm({'somechoice': 2})
  >>> f.as_table()
  u'<tr><th><label for="id_somechoice">Somechoice:</label></th><td><select name="somechoice" id="id_somechoice">\n<option value="">---------</option>\n<option value="1">And Boom</option>\n<option value="2" selected="selected">One More Thing!</option>\n</select></td></tr>'
  
  You can also pass 'choices' to the constructor:
  >>> w = Select(choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  >>> print w.render('num', 2)
  <select name="num">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  
  If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both be in the output:
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[(4, 4), (5, 5)])
  <select name="num">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  <option value="5">5</option>
  </select>
  
  # Choices are escaped correctly
  >>> print w.render('escape', None, choices=(('bad', 'you & me'), ('good', mark_safe('you &gt; me'))))
  <select name="escape">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="bad">you &amp; me</option>
  <option value="good">you &gt; me</option>
  </select>
  
  # Unicode choices are correctly rendered as HTML
  >>> w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
  u'<select name="email">\n<option value="1">1</option>\n<option value="2">2</option>\n<option value="3">3</option>\n<option value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" selected="selected">\u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n<option value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111">abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n</select>'
  
  If choices is passed to the constructor and is a generator, it can be iterated
  over multiple times without getting consumed:
  >>> w = Select(choices=get_choices())
  >>> print w.render('num', 2)
  <select name="num">
  <option value="0">0</option>
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('num', 3)
  <select name="num">
  <option value="0">0</option>
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2">2</option>
  <option value="3" selected="selected">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  </select>
  
  Choices can be nested one level in order to create HTML optgroups:
  >>> w.choices=(('outer1', 'Outer 1'), ('Group "1"', (('inner1', 'Inner 1'), ('inner2', 'Inner 2'))))
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', None)
  <select name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', 'outer1')
  <select name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1" selected="selected">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', 'inner1')
  <select name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1" selected="selected">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  # NullBooleanSelect Widget ####################################################
  
  >>> w = NullBooleanSelect()
  >>> print w.render('is_cool', True)
  <select name="is_cool">
  <option value="1">Unknown</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
  <option value="3">No</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('is_cool', False)
  <select name="is_cool">
  <option value="1">Unknown</option>
  <option value="2">Yes</option>
  <option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('is_cool', None)
  <select name="is_cool">
  <option value="1" selected="selected">Unknown</option>
  <option value="2">Yes</option>
  <option value="3">No</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('is_cool', '2')
  <select name="is_cool">
  <option value="1">Unknown</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">Yes</option>
  <option value="3">No</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('is_cool', '3')
  <select name="is_cool">
  <option value="1">Unknown</option>
  <option value="2">Yes</option>
  <option value="3" selected="selected">No</option>
  </select>
  >>> w._has_changed(False, None)
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(None, False)
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(None, None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(False, False)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(True, False)
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(True, None)
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(True, True)
  False
  
  """ + \
  r""" # [This concatenation is to keep the string below the jython's 32K limit].
  # SelectMultiple Widget #######################################################
  
  >>> w = SelectMultiple()
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J" selected="selected">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J" selected="selected">John</option>
  <option value="P" selected="selected">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P', 'R'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J" selected="selected">John</option>
  <option value="P" selected="selected">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R" selected="selected">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  If the value is None, none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', None, choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  If the value corresponds to a label (but not to an option value), none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['John'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  If multiple values are given, but some of them are not valid, the valid ones are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'G', 'foo'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="beatles">
  <option value="J" selected="selected">John</option>
  <option value="P">Paul</option>
  <option value="G" selected="selected">George</option>
  <option value="R">Ringo</option>
  </select>
  
  The value is compared to its str():
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('nums', ['2'], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  
  The 'choices' argument can be any iterable:
  >>> def get_choices():
  ...     for i in range(5):
  ...         yield (i, i)
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=get_choices())
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="0">0</option>
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  </select>
  
  You can also pass 'choices' to the constructor:
  >>> w = SelectMultiple(choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  </select>
  
  If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both be in the output:
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(4, 4), (5, 5)])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nums">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2" selected="selected">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="4">4</option>
  <option value="5">5</option>
  </select>
  
  # Choices are escaped correctly
  >>> print w.render('escape', None, choices=(('bad', 'you & me'), ('good', mark_safe('you &gt; me'))))
  <select multiple="multiple" name="escape">
  <option value="1">1</option>
  <option value="2">2</option>
  <option value="3">3</option>
  <option value="bad">you &amp; me</option>
  <option value="good">you &gt; me</option>
  </select>
  
  # Unicode choices are correctly rendered as HTML
  >>> w.render('nums', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
  u'<select multiple="multiple" name="nums">\n<option value="1">1</option>\n<option value="2">2</option>\n<option value="3">3</option>\n<option value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" selected="selected">\u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n<option value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111">abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</option>\n</select>'
  
  # Test the usage of _has_changed
  >>> w._has_changed(None, None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed([], None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(None, [u'1'])
  True
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1', u'2'])
  False
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1'])
  True
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1', u'3'])
  True
  
  # Choices can be nested one level in order to create HTML optgroups:
  >>> w.choices = (('outer1', 'Outer 1'), ('Group "1"', (('inner1', 'Inner 1'), ('inner2', 'Inner 2'))))
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', None)
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', ['outer1'])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1" selected="selected">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', ['inner1'])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1" selected="selected">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  >>> print w.render('nestchoice', ['outer1', 'inner2'])
  <select multiple="multiple" name="nestchoice">
  <option value="outer1" selected="selected">Outer 1</option>
  <optgroup label="Group &quot;1&quot;">
  <option value="inner1">Inner 1</option>
  <option value="inner2" selected="selected">Inner 2</option>
  </optgroup>
  </select>
  
  # RadioSelect Widget ##########################################################
  
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If the value is None, none of the options are checked:
  >>> print w.render('beatle', None, choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If the value corresponds to a label (but not to an option value), none of the options are checked:
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'John', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  The value is compared to its str():
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('num', '2', choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  The 'choices' argument can be any iterable:
  >>> def get_choices():
  ...     for i in range(5):
  ...         yield (i, i)
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=get_choices())
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="0" /> 0</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  You can also pass 'choices' to the constructor:
  >>> w = RadioSelect(choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  >>> print w.render('num', 2)
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both be in the output:
  >>> print w.render('num', 2, choices=[(4, 4), (5, 5)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="num" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="num" value="5" /> 5</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  RadioSelect uses a RadioFieldRenderer to render the individual radio inputs.
  You can manipulate that object directly to customize the way the RadioSelect
  is rendered.
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> r = w.get_renderer('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  >>> for inp in r:
  ...     print inp
  <label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label>
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label>
  >>> for inp in r:
  ...     print '%s<br />' % inp
  <label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label><br />
  >>> for inp in r:
  ...     print '<p>%s %s</p>' % (inp.tag(), inp.choice_label)
  <p><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</p>
  <p><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</p>
  <p><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</p>
  <p><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</p>
  >>> for inp in r:
  ...     print '%s %s %s %s %s' % (inp.name, inp.value, inp.choice_value, inp.choice_label, inp.is_checked())
  beatle J J John True
  beatle J P Paul False
  beatle J G George False
  beatle J R Ringo False
  
  You can create your own custom renderers for RadioSelect to use.
  >>> class MyRenderer(RadioFieldRenderer):
  ...    def render(self):
  ...        return u'<br />\n'.join([unicode(choice) for choice in self])
  >>> w = RadioSelect(renderer=MyRenderer)
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'G', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label><br />
  <label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label>
  
  Or you can use custom RadioSelect fields that use your custom renderer.
  >>> class CustomRadioSelect(RadioSelect):
  ...    renderer = MyRenderer
  >>> w = CustomRadioSelect()
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'G', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label><br />
  <label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="G" /> George</label><br />
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="R" /> Ringo</label>
  
  A RadioFieldRenderer object also allows index access to individual RadioInput
  objects.
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> r = w.get_renderer('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  >>> print r[1]
  <label><input type="radio" name="beatle" value="P" /> Paul</label>
  >>> print r[0]
  <label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="beatle" value="J" /> John</label>
  >>> r[0].is_checked()
  True
  >>> r[1].is_checked()
  False
  >>> r[1].name, r[1].value, r[1].choice_value, r[1].choice_label
  ('beatle', u'J', u'P', u'Paul')
  >>> r[10] # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
  IndexError: list index out of range
  
  # Choices are escaped correctly
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> print w.render('escape', None, choices=(('bad', 'you & me'), ('good', mark_safe('you &gt; me'))))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="escape" value="bad" /> you &amp; me</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="radio" name="escape" value="good" /> you &gt; me</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # Unicode choices are correctly rendered as HTML
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> unicode(w.render('email', 'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')]))
  u'<ul>\n<li><label><input checked="checked" type="radio" name="email" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> \u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="radio" name="email" value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n</ul>'
  
  # Attributes provided at instantiation are passed to the constituent inputs
  >>> w = RadioSelect(attrs={'id':'foo'})
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label for="foo_0"><input checked="checked" type="radio" id="foo_0" value="J" name="beatle" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label for="foo_1"><input type="radio" id="foo_1" value="P" name="beatle" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label for="foo_2"><input type="radio" id="foo_2" value="G" name="beatle" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label for="foo_3"><input type="radio" id="foo_3" value="R" name="beatle" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # Attributes provided at render-time are passed to the constituent inputs
  >>> w = RadioSelect()
  >>> print w.render('beatle', 'J', choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')), attrs={'id':'bar'})
  <ul>
  <li><label for="bar_0"><input checked="checked" type="radio" id="bar_0" value="J" name="beatle" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label for="bar_1"><input type="radio" id="bar_1" value="P" name="beatle" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label for="bar_2"><input type="radio" id="bar_2" value="G" name="beatle" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label for="bar_3"><input type="radio" id="bar_3" value="R" name="beatle" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # CheckboxSelectMultiple Widget ###############################################
  
  >>> w = CheckboxSelectMultiple()
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P', 'R'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If the value is None, none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', None, choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If the value corresponds to a label (but not to an option value), none of the options are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['John'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If multiple values are given, but some of them are not valid, the valid ones are selected:
  >>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'G', 'foo'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  The value is compared to its str():
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('nums', ['2'], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  The 'choices' argument can be any iterable:
  >>> def get_choices():
  ...     for i in range(5):
  ...         yield (i, i)
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=get_choices())
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="0" /> 0</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  You can also pass 'choices' to the constructor:
  >>> w = CheckboxSelectMultiple(choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both be in the output:
  >>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(4, 4), (5, 5)])
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="5" /> 5</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # Choices are escaped correctly
  >>> print w.render('escape', None, choices=(('bad', 'you & me'), ('good', mark_safe('you &gt; me'))))
  <ul>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="escape" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="escape" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="escape" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="escape" value="bad" /> you &amp; me</label></li>
  <li><label><input type="checkbox" name="escape" value="good" /> you &gt; me</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # Test the usage of _has_changed
  >>> w._has_changed(None, None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed([], None)
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(None, [u'1'])
  True
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1', u'2'])
  False
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1'])
  True
  >>> w._has_changed([1, 2], [u'1', u'3'])
  True
  
  # Unicode choices are correctly rendered as HTML
  >>> w.render('nums', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
  u'<ul>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>\n<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> \u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n</ul>'
  
  # Each input gets a separate ID
  >>> print CheckboxSelectMultiple().render('letters', list('ac'), choices=zip(list('abc'), list('ABC')), attrs={'id': 'abc'})
  <ul>
  <li><label for="abc_0"><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="letters" value="a" id="abc_0" /> A</label></li>
  <li><label for="abc_1"><input type="checkbox" name="letters" value="b" id="abc_1" /> B</label></li>
  <li><label for="abc_2"><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="letters" value="c" id="abc_2" /> C</label></li>
  </ul>
  
  # MultiWidget #################################################################
  
  >>> class MyMultiWidget(MultiWidget):
  ...     def decompress(self, value):
  ...         if value:
  ...             return value.split('__')
  ...         return ['', '']
  ...     def format_output(self, rendered_widgets):
  ...         return u'<br />'.join(rendered_widgets)
  >>> w = MyMultiWidget(widgets=(TextInput(attrs={'class': 'big'}), TextInput(attrs={'class': 'small'})))
  >>> w.render('name', ['john', 'lennon'])
  u'<input type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
  >>> w.render('name', 'john__lennon')
  u'<input type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
  >>> w.render('name', 'john__lennon', attrs={'id':'foo'})
  u'<input id="foo_0" type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input id="foo_1" type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
  >>> w = MyMultiWidget(widgets=(TextInput(attrs={'class': 'big'}), TextInput(attrs={'class': 'small'})), attrs={'id': 'bar'})
  >>> w.render('name', ['john', 'lennon'])
  u'<input id="bar_0" type="text" class="big" value="john" name="name_0" /><br /><input id="bar_1" type="text" class="small" value="lennon" name="name_1" />'
  
  >>> w = MyMultiWidget(widgets=(TextInput(), TextInput()))
  
  # test with no initial data
  >>> w._has_changed(None, [u'john', u'lennon'])
  True
  
  # test when the data is the same as initial
  >>> w._has_changed(u'john__lennon', [u'john', u'lennon'])
  False
  
  # test when the first widget's data has changed
  >>> w._has_changed(u'john__lennon', [u'alfred', u'lennon'])
  True
  
  # test when the last widget's data has changed. this ensures that it is not
  # short circuiting while testing the widgets.
  >>> w._has_changed(u'john__lennon', [u'john', u'denver'])
  True
  
  # SplitDateTimeWidget #########################################################
  
  >>> w = SplitDateTimeWidget()
  >>> w.render('date', '')
  u'<input type="text" name="date_0" /><input type="text" name="date_1" />'
  >>> w.render('date', None)
  u'<input type="text" name="date_0" /><input type="text" name="date_1" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30))
  u'<input type="text" name="date_0" value="2006-01-10" /><input type="text" name="date_1" value="07:30:00" />'
  >>> w.render('date', [datetime.date(2006, 1, 10), datetime.time(7, 30)])
  u'<input type="text" name="date_0" value="2006-01-10" /><input type="text" name="date_1" value="07:30:00" />'
  
  You can also pass 'attrs' to the constructor. In this case, the attrs will be
  included on both widgets.
  >>> w = SplitDateTimeWidget(attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30))
  u'<input type="text" class="pretty" value="2006-01-10" name="date_0" /><input type="text" class="pretty" value="07:30:00" name="date_1" />'
  
  Use 'date_format' and 'time_format' to change the way a value is displayed.
  >>> w = SplitDateTimeWidget(date_format='%d/%m/%Y', time_format='%H:%M')
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2006, 1, 10, 7, 30))
  u'<input type="text" name="date_0" value="10/01/2006" /><input type="text" name="date_1" value="07:30" />'
  
  >>> w._has_changed(datetime.datetime(2008, 5, 6, 12, 40, 00), [u'2008-05-06', u'12:40:00'])
  True
  >>> w._has_changed(datetime.datetime(2008, 5, 6, 12, 40, 00), [u'06/05/2008', u'12:40'])
  False
  >>> w._has_changed(datetime.datetime(2008, 5, 6, 12, 40, 00), [u'06/05/2008', u'12:41'])
  True
  >>> activate('de-at')
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = True
  >>> w._has_changed(datetime.datetime(2008, 5, 6, 12, 40, 00), [u'06.05.2008', u'12:41'])
  True
  >>> deactivate()
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = False
  
  
  # DateTimeInput ###############################################################
  
  >>> w = DateTimeInput()
  >>> w.render('date', None)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" />'
  >>> d = datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51, 34, 482548)
  >>> print d
  2007-09-17 12:51:34.482548
  
  The microseconds are trimmed on display, by default.
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17 12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51, 34))
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17 12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51))
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17 12:51:00" />'
  >>> activate('de-at')
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = True
  >>> w.is_localized = True
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="17.09.2007 12:51:34" />'
  >>> deactivate()
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = False
  
  Use 'format' to change the way a value is displayed.
  >>> w = DateTimeInput(format='%d/%m/%Y %H:%M')
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="17/09/2007 12:51" />'
  >>> w._has_changed(d, '17/09/2007 12:51')
  False
  
  Make sure a custom format works with _has_changed. The hidden input will use
  format.localize_input to display the initial value.
  >>> data = datetime.datetime(2010, 3, 6, 12, 0, 0)
  >>> custom_format = '%d.%m.%Y %H:%M'
  >>> w = DateTimeInput(format=custom_format)
  >>> w._has_changed(formats.localize_input(data), data.strftime(custom_format))
  False
  
  
  # DateInput ###################################################################
  
  >>> w = DateInput()
  >>> w.render('date', None)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" />'
  >>> d = datetime.date(2007, 9, 17)
  >>> print d
  2007-09-17
  
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.date(2007, 9, 17))
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17" />'
  
  We should be able to initialize from a unicode value.
  >>> w.render('date', u'2007-09-17')
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="2007-09-17" />'
  
  >>> activate('de-at')
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = True
  >>> w.is_localized = True
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="17.09.2007" />'
  >>> deactivate()
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = False
  
  Use 'format' to change the way a value is displayed.
  >>> w = DateInput(format='%d/%m/%Y')
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="17/09/2007" />'
  >>> w._has_changed(d, '17/09/2007')
  False
  
  Make sure a custom format works with _has_changed. The hidden input will use
  format.localize_input to display the initial value.
  >>> data = datetime.date(2010, 3, 6)
  >>> custom_format = '%d.%m.%Y'
  >>> w = DateInput(format=custom_format)
  >>> w._has_changed(formats.localize_input(data), data.strftime(custom_format))
  False
  
  
  # TimeInput ###################################################################
  
  >>> w = TimeInput()
  >>> w.render('time', None)
  u'<input type="text" name="time" />'
  >>> t = datetime.time(12, 51, 34, 482548)
  >>> print t
  12:51:34.482548
  
  The microseconds are trimmed on display, by default.
  >>> w.render('time', t)
  u'<input type="text" name="time" value="12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('time', datetime.time(12, 51, 34))
  u'<input type="text" name="time" value="12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('time', datetime.time(12, 51))
  u'<input type="text" name="time" value="12:51:00" />'
  
  We should be able to initialize from a unicode value.
  >>> w.render('time', u'13:12:11')
  u'<input type="text" name="time" value="13:12:11" />'
  
  >>> activate('de-at')
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = True
  >>> w.is_localized = True
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="text" name="date" value="17.09.2007" />'
  >>> deactivate()
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = False
  
  Use 'format' to change the way a value is displayed.
  >>> w = TimeInput(format='%H:%M')
  >>> w.render('time', t)
  u'<input type="text" name="time" value="12:51" />'
  >>> w._has_changed(t, '12:51')
  False
  
  Make sure a custom format works with _has_changed. The hidden input will use
  format.localize_input to display the initial value.
  >>> data = datetime.time(13, 0)
  >>> custom_format = '%I:%M %p'
  >>> w = TimeInput(format=custom_format)
  >>> w._has_changed(formats.localize_input(data), data.strftime(custom_format))
  False
  
  
  # SplitHiddenDateTimeWidget ###################################################
  
  >>> from django.forms.widgets import SplitHiddenDateTimeWidget
  
  >>> w = SplitHiddenDateTimeWidget()
  >>> w.render('date', '')
  u'<input type="hidden" name="date_0" /><input type="hidden" name="date_1" />'
  >>> d = datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51, 34, 482548)
  >>> print d
  2007-09-17 12:51:34.482548
  >>> w.render('date', d)
  u'<input type="hidden" name="date_0" value="2007-09-17" /><input type="hidden" name="date_1" value="12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51, 34))
  u'<input type="hidden" name="date_0" value="2007-09-17" /><input type="hidden" name="date_1" value="12:51:34" />'
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51))
  u'<input type="hidden" name="date_0" value="2007-09-17" /><input type="hidden" name="date_1" value="12:51:00" />'
  >>> activate('de-at')
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = True
  >>> w.is_localized = True
  >>> w.render('date', datetime.datetime(2007, 9, 17, 12, 51))
  u'<input type="hidden" name="date_0" value="17.09.2007" /><input type="hidden" name="date_1" value="12:51:00" />'
  >>> deactivate()
  >>> settings.USE_L10N = False
  
  """
  
  from django import forms
  from django.utils import copycompat as copy
  from django.utils.unittest import TestCase
  from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile
  
  
  class SelectAndTextWidget(forms.MultiWidget):
      """
      MultiWidget subclass
      """
      def __init__(self, choices=[]):
          widgets = [
              forms.RadioSelect(choices=choices),
              forms.TextInput
          ]
          super(SelectAndTextWidget, self).__init__(widgets)
  
      def _set_choices(self, choices):
          """
          When choices are set for this widget, we want to pass those along to the Select widget
          """
          self.widgets[0].choices = choices
      def _get_choices(self):
          """
          The choices for this widget are the Select widget's choices
          """
          return self.widgets[0].choices
      choices = property(_get_choices, _set_choices)
  
  
  class WidgetTests(TestCase):
  
      def test_12048(self):
          # See ticket #12048.
          w1 = SelectAndTextWidget(choices=[1,2,3])
          w2 = copy.deepcopy(w1)
          w2.choices = [4,5,6]
          # w2 ought to be independent of w1, since MultiWidget ought
          # to make a copy of its sub-widgets when it is copied.
          self.assertEqual(w1.choices, [1,2,3])
  
      def test_13390(self):
          # See ticket #13390
          class SplitDateForm(forms.Form):
              field = forms.DateTimeField(widget=forms.SplitDateTimeWidget, required=False)
  
          form = SplitDateForm({'field': ''})
          self.assertTrue(form.is_valid())
          form = SplitDateForm({'field': ['', '']})
          self.assertTrue(form.is_valid())
  
          class SplitDateRequiredForm(forms.Form):
              field = forms.DateTimeField(widget=forms.SplitDateTimeWidget, required=True)
  
          form = SplitDateRequiredForm({'field': ''})
          self.assertFalse(form.is_valid())
          form = SplitDateRequiredForm({'field': ['', '']})
          self.assertFalse(form.is_valid())
  
  
  class FakeFieldFile(object):
      """
      Quacks like a FieldFile (has a .url and unicode representation), but
      doesn't require us to care about storages etc.
  
      """
      url = 'something'
  
      def __unicode__(self):
          return self.url
  
  class ClearableFileInputTests(TestCase):
      def test_clear_input_renders(self):
          """
          A ClearableFileInput with is_required False and rendered with
          an initial value that is a file renders a clear checkbox.
  
          """
          widget = forms.ClearableFileInput()
          widget.is_required = False
          self.assertEqual(widget.render('myfile', FakeFieldFile()),
                           u'Currently: <a target="_blank" href="something">something</a> <input type="checkbox" name="myfile-clear" id="myfile-clear_id" /> <label for="myfile-clear_id">Clear</label><br />Change: <input type="file" name="myfile" />')
  
      def test_clear_input_renders_only_if_not_required(self):
          """
          A ClearableFileInput with is_required=False does not render a clear
          checkbox.
  
          """
          widget = forms.ClearableFileInput()
          widget.is_required = True
          self.assertEqual(widget.render('myfile', FakeFieldFile()),
                           u'Currently: <a target="_blank" href="something">something</a> <br />Change: <input type="file" name="myfile" />')
  
      def test_clear_input_renders_only_if_initial(self):
          """
          A ClearableFileInput instantiated with no initial value does not render
          a clear checkbox.
  
          """
          widget = forms.ClearableFileInput()
          widget.is_required = False
          self.assertEqual(widget.render('myfile', None),
                           u'<input type="file" name="myfile" />')
  
      def test_clear_input_checked_returns_false(self):
          """
          ClearableFileInput.value_from_datadict returns False if the clear
          checkbox is checked, if not required.
  
          """
          widget = forms.ClearableFileInput()
          widget.is_required = False
          self.assertEqual(widget.value_from_datadict(
                  data={'myfile-clear': True},
                  files={},
                  name='myfile'), False)
  
      def test_clear_input_checked_returns_false_only_if_not_required(self):
          """
          ClearableFileInput.value_from_datadict never returns False if the field
          is required.
  
          """
          widget = forms.ClearableFileInput()
          widget.is_required = True
          f = SimpleUploadedFile('something.txt', 'content')
          self.assertEqual(widget.value_from_datadict(
                  data={'myfile-clear': True},
                  files={'myfile': f},
                  name='myfile'), f)
  