text: #!/usr/bin/env python3.8
  
  # Copyright (c) 2012, Marco Vito Moscaritolo <marco@agavee.com>
  # Copyright (c) 2013, Jesse Keating <jesse.keating@rackspace.com>
  # Copyright (c) 2015, Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.
  # Copyright (c) 2016, Rackspace Australia
  #
  # This module is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  # (at your option) any later version.
  #
  # This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  # GNU General Public License for more details.
  #
  # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  # along with this software.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  
  # The OpenStack Inventory module uses os-client-config for configuration.
  # https://github.com/openstack/os-client-config
  # This means it will either:
  #  - Respect normal OS_* environment variables like other OpenStack tools
  #  - Read values from a clouds.yaml file.
  # If you want to configure via clouds.yaml, you can put the file in:
  #  - Current directory
  #  - ~/.config/openstack/clouds.yaml
  #  - /etc/openstack/clouds.yaml
  #  - /etc/ansible/openstack.yml
  # The clouds.yaml file can contain entries for multiple clouds and multiple
  # regions of those clouds. If it does, this inventory module will by default
  # connect to all of them and present them as one contiguous inventory.  You
  # can limit to one cloud by passing the `--cloud` parameter, or use the
  # OS_CLOUD environment variable.  If caching is enabled, and a cloud is
  # selected, then per-cloud cache folders will be used.
  #
  # See the adjacent openstack.yml file for an example config file
  # There are two ansible inventory specific options that can be set in
  # the inventory section.
  # expand_hostvars controls whether or not the inventory will make extra API
  #                 calls to fill out additional information about each server
  # use_hostnames changes the behavior from registering every host with its UUID
  #               and making a group of its hostname to only doing this if the
  #               hostname in question has more than one server
  # fail_on_errors causes the inventory to fail and return no hosts if one cloud
  #                has failed (for example, bad credentials or being offline).
  #                When set to False, the inventory will return hosts from
  #                whichever other clouds it can contact. (Default: True)
  #
  # Also it is possible to pass the correct user by setting an ansible_user: $myuser
  # metadata attribute.
  
  import argparse
  import collections
  import os
  import sys
  import time
  from distutils.version import StrictVersion
  from io import StringIO
  
  import json
  
  import openstack as sdk
  from openstack.cloud import inventory as sdk_inventory
  from openstack.config import loader as cloud_config
  
  CONFIG_FILES = ['/etc/ansible/openstack.yaml', '/etc/ansible/openstack.yml']
  
  
  def get_groups_from_server(server_vars, namegroup=True):
      groups = []
  
      region = server_vars['region']
      cloud = server_vars['cloud']
      metadata = server_vars.get('metadata', {})
  
      # Create a group for the cloud
      groups.append(cloud)
  
      # Create a group on region
      if region:
          groups.append(region)
  
      # And one by cloud_region
      groups.append("%s_%s" % (cloud, region))
  
      # Check if group metadata key in servers' metadata
      if 'group' in metadata:
          groups.append(metadata['group'])
  
      for extra_group in metadata.get('groups', '').split(','):
          if extra_group:
              groups.append(extra_group.strip())
  
      groups.append('instance-%s' % server_vars['id'])
      if namegroup:
          groups.append(server_vars['name'])
  
      for key in ('flavor', 'image'):
          if 'name' in server_vars[key]:
              groups.append('%s-%s' % (key, server_vars[key]['name']))
  
      for key, value in iter(metadata.items()):
          groups.append('meta-%s_%s' % (key, value))
  
      az = server_vars.get('az', None)
      if az:
          # Make groups for az, region_az and cloud_region_az
          groups.append(az)
          groups.append('%s_%s' % (region, az))
          groups.append('%s_%s_%s' % (cloud, region, az))
      return groups
  
  
  def get_host_groups(inventory, refresh=False, cloud=None):
      (cache_file, cache_expiration_time) = get_cache_settings(cloud)
      if is_cache_stale(cache_file, cache_expiration_time, refresh=refresh):
          groups = to_json(get_host_groups_from_cloud(inventory))
          with open(cache_file, 'w') as f:
              f.write(groups)
      else:
          with open(cache_file, 'r') as f:
              groups = f.read()
      return groups
  
  
  def append_hostvars(hostvars, groups, key, server, namegroup=False):
      hostvars[key] = dict(
          ansible_ssh_host=server['interface_ip'],
          ansible_host=server['interface_ip'],
          openstack=server)
  
      metadata = server.get('metadata', {})
      if 'ansible_user' in metadata:
          hostvars[key]['ansible_user'] = metadata['ansible_user']
  
      for group in get_groups_from_server(server, namegroup=namegroup):
          groups[group].append(key)
  
  
  def get_host_groups_from_cloud(inventory):
      groups = collections.defaultdict(list)
      firstpass = collections.defaultdict(list)
      hostvars = {}
      list_args = {}
      if hasattr(inventory, 'extra_config'):
          use_hostnames = inventory.extra_config['use_hostnames']
          list_args['expand'] = inventory.extra_config['expand_hostvars']
          if StrictVersion(sdk.version.__version__) >= StrictVersion("0.13.0"):
              list_args['fail_on_cloud_config'] = \
                  inventory.extra_config['fail_on_errors']
      else:
          use_hostnames = False
  
      for server in inventory.list_hosts(**list_args):
  
          if 'interface_ip' not in server:
              continue
          firstpass[server['name']].append(server)
      for name, servers in firstpass.items():
          if len(servers) == 1 and use_hostnames:
              append_hostvars(hostvars, groups, name, servers[0])
          else:
              server_ids = set()
              # Trap for duplicate results
              for server in servers:
                  server_ids.add(server['id'])
              if len(server_ids) == 1 and use_hostnames:
                  append_hostvars(hostvars, groups, name, servers[0])
              else:
                  for server in servers:
                      append_hostvars(
                          hostvars, groups, server['id'], server,
                          namegroup=True)
      groups['_meta'] = {'hostvars': hostvars}
      return groups
  
  
  def is_cache_stale(cache_file, cache_expiration_time, refresh=False):
      ''' Determines if cache file has expired, or if it is still valid '''
      if refresh:
          return True
      if os.path.isfile(cache_file) and os.path.getsize(cache_file) > 0:
          mod_time = os.path.getmtime(cache_file)
          current_time = time.time()
          if (mod_time + cache_expiration_time) > current_time:
              return False
      return True
  
  
  def get_cache_settings(cloud=None):
      config_files = cloud_config.CONFIG_FILES + CONFIG_FILES
      if cloud:
          config = cloud_config.OpenStackConfig(
              config_files=config_files).get_one(cloud=cloud)
      else:
          config = cloud_config.OpenStackConfig(
              config_files=config_files).get_all()[0]
      # For inventory-wide caching
      cache_expiration_time = config.get_cache_expiration_time()
      cache_path = config.get_cache_path()
      if cloud:
          cache_path = '{0}_{1}'.format(cache_path, cloud)
      if not os.path.exists(cache_path):
          os.makedirs(cache_path)
      cache_file = os.path.join(cache_path, 'ansible-inventory.cache')
      return (cache_file, cache_expiration_time)
  
  
  def to_json(in_dict):
      return json.dumps(in_dict, sort_keys=True, indent=2)
  
  
  def parse_args():
      parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='OpenStack Inventory Module')
      parser.add_argument('--cloud', default=os.environ.get('OS_CLOUD'),
                          help='Cloud name (default: None')
      parser.add_argument('--private',
                          action='store_true',
                          help='Use private address for ansible host')
      parser.add_argument('--refresh', action='store_true',
                          help='Refresh cached information')
      parser.add_argument('--debug', action='store_true', default=False,
                          help='Enable debug output')
      group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=True)
      group.add_argument('--list', action='store_true',
                         help='List active servers')
      group.add_argument('--host', help='List details about the specific host')
  
      return parser.parse_args()
  
  
  def main():
      args = parse_args()
      try:
          # openstacksdk library may write to stdout, so redirect this
          sys.stdout = StringIO()
          config_files = cloud_config.CONFIG_FILES + CONFIG_FILES
          sdk.enable_logging(debug=args.debug)
          inventory_args = dict(
              refresh=args.refresh,
              config_files=config_files,
              private=args.private,
              cloud=args.cloud,
          )
          if hasattr(sdk_inventory.OpenStackInventory, 'extra_config'):
              inventory_args.update(dict(
                  config_key='ansible',
                  config_defaults={
                      'use_hostnames': False,
                      'expand_hostvars': True,
                      'fail_on_errors': True,
                  }
              ))
  
          inventory = sdk_inventory.OpenStackInventory(**inventory_args)
  
          sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
          if args.list:
              output = get_host_groups(inventory, refresh=args.refresh, cloud=args.cloud)
          elif args.host:
              output = to_json(inventory.get_host(args.host))
          print(output)
      except sdk.exceptions.OpenStackCloudException as e:
          sys.stderr.write('%s\n' % e.message)
          sys.exit(1)
      sys.exit(0)
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      main()
  