text: """Universal feed parser
  
  Handles RSS 0.9x, RSS 1.0, RSS 2.0, CDF, Atom 0.3, and Atom 1.0 feeds
  
  Visit https://code.google.com/p/feedparser/ for the latest version
  Visit http://packages.python.org/feedparser/ for the latest documentation
  
  Required: Python 2.4 or later
  Recommended: iconv_codec <http://cjkpython.i18n.org/>
  """
  
  __version__ = "5.1.2"
  __license__ = """
  Copyright (c) 2010-2012 Kurt McKee <contactme@kurtmckee.org>
  Copyright (c) 2002-2008 Mark Pilgrim
  All rights reserved.
  
  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
  are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
  
  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  
  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS 'AS IS'
  AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
  LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
  POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."""
  __author__ = "Mark Pilgrim <http://diveintomark.org/>"
  __contributors__ = ["Jason Diamond <http://injektilo.org/>",
                      "John Beimler <http://john.beimler.org/>",
                      "Fazal Majid <http://www.majid.info/mylos/weblog/>",
                      "Aaron Swartz <http://aaronsw.com/>",
                      "Kevin Marks <http://epeus.blogspot.com/>",
                      "Sam Ruby <http://intertwingly.net/>",
                      "Ade Oshineye <http://blog.oshineye.com/>",
                      "Martin Pool <http://sourcefrog.net/>",
                      "Kurt McKee <http://kurtmckee.org/>"]
  
  # HTTP "User-Agent" header to send to servers when downloading feeds.
  # If you are embedding feedparser in a larger application, you should
  # change this to your application name and URL.
  USER_AGENT = "UniversalFeedParser/%s +https://code.google.com/p/feedparser/" % __version__
  
  # HTTP "Accept" header to send to servers when downloading feeds.  If you don't
  # want to send an Accept header, set this to None.
  ACCEPT_HEADER = "application/atom+xml,application/rdf+xml,application/rss+xml,application/x-netcdf,application/xml;q=0.9,text/xml;q=0.2,*/*;q=0.1"
  
  # List of preferred XML parsers, by SAX driver name.  These will be tried first,
  # but if they're not installed, Python will keep searching through its own list
  # of pre-installed parsers until it finds one that supports everything we need.
  PREFERRED_XML_PARSERS = ["drv_libxml2"]
  
  # If you want feedparser to automatically run HTML markup through HTML Tidy, set
  # this to 1.  Requires mxTidy <http://www.egenix.com/files/python/mxTidy.html>
  # or utidylib <http://utidylib.berlios.de/>.
  TIDY_MARKUP = 0
  
  # List of Python interfaces for HTML Tidy, in order of preference.  Only useful
  # if TIDY_MARKUP = 1
  PREFERRED_TIDY_INTERFACES = ["uTidy", "mxTidy"]
  
  # If you want feedparser to automatically resolve all relative URIs, set this
  # to 1.
  RESOLVE_RELATIVE_URIS = 1
  
  # If you want feedparser to automatically sanitize all potentially unsafe
  # HTML content, set this to 1.
  SANITIZE_HTML = 1
  
  # If you want feedparser to automatically parse microformat content embedded
  # in entry contents, set this to 1
  PARSE_MICROFORMATS = 1
  
  # ---------- Python 3 modules (make it work if possible) ----------
  try:
      import rfc822
  except ImportError:
      from email import _parseaddr as rfc822
  
  try:
      # Python 3.1 introduces bytes.maketrans and simultaneously
      # deprecates string.maketrans; use bytes.maketrans if possible
      _maketrans = bytes.maketrans
  except (NameError, AttributeError):
      import string
      _maketrans = string.maketrans
  
  # base64 support for Atom feeds that contain embedded binary data
  try:
      import base64, binascii
  except ImportError:
      base64 = binascii = None
  else:
      # Python 3.1 deprecates decodestring in favor of decodebytes
      _base64decode = getattr(base64, 'decodebytes', base64.decodestring)
  
  # _s2bytes: convert a UTF-8 str to bytes if the interpreter is Python 3
  # _l2bytes: convert a list of ints to bytes if the interpreter is Python 3
  try:
      if bytes is str:
          # In Python 2.5 and below, bytes doesn't exist (NameError)
          # In Python 2.6 and above, bytes and str are the same type
          raise NameError
  except NameError:
      # Python 2
      def _s2bytes(s):
          return s
      def _l2bytes(l):
          return ''.join(map(chr, l))
  else:
      # Python 3
      def _s2bytes(s):
          return bytes(s, 'utf8')
      def _l2bytes(l):
          return bytes(l)
  
  # If you want feedparser to allow all URL schemes, set this to ()
  # List culled from Python's urlparse documentation at:
  #   http://docs.python.org/library/urlparse.html
  # as well as from "URI scheme" at Wikipedia:
  #   https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/URI_scheme
  # Many more will likely need to be added!
  ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES = (
      'file', 'ftp', 'gopher', 'h323', 'hdl', 'http', 'https', 'imap', 'magnet',
      'mailto', 'mms', 'news', 'nntp', 'prospero', 'rsync', 'rtsp', 'rtspu',
      'sftp', 'shttp', 'sip', 'sips', 'snews', 'svn', 'svn+ssh', 'telnet',
      'wais',
      # Additional common-but-unofficial schemes
      'aim', 'callto', 'cvs', 'facetime', 'feed', 'git', 'gtalk', 'irc', 'ircs',
      'irc6', 'itms', 'mms', 'msnim', 'skype', 'ssh', 'smb', 'svn', 'ymsg',
  )
  #ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES = ()
  
  # ---------- required modules (should come with any Python distribution) ----------
  import cgi
  import codecs
  import copy
  import datetime
  import re
  import struct
  import time
  import types
  import urllib
  import urllib2
  import urlparse
  import warnings
  
  from htmlentitydefs import name2codepoint, codepoint2name, entitydefs
  
  try:
      from io import BytesIO as _StringIO
  except ImportError:
      try:
          from cStringIO import StringIO as _StringIO
      except ImportError:
          from StringIO import StringIO as _StringIO
  
  # ---------- optional modules (feedparser will work without these, but with reduced functionality) ----------
  
  # gzip is included with most Python distributions, but may not be available if you compiled your own
  try:
      import gzip
  except ImportError:
      gzip = None
  try:
      import zlib
  except ImportError:
      zlib = None
  
  # If a real XML parser is available, feedparser will attempt to use it.  feedparser has
  # been tested with the built-in SAX parser and libxml2.  On platforms where the
  # Python distribution does not come with an XML parser (such as Mac OS X 10.2 and some
  # versions of FreeBSD), feedparser will quietly fall back on regex-based parsing.
  try:
      import xml.sax
      from xml.sax.saxutils import escape as _xmlescape
  except ImportError:
      _XML_AVAILABLE = 0
      def _xmlescape(data,entities={}):
          data = data.replace('&', '&amp;')
          data = data.replace('>', '&gt;')
          data = data.replace('<', '&lt;')
          for char, entity in entities:
              data = data.replace(char, entity)
          return data
  else:
      try:
          xml.sax.make_parser(PREFERRED_XML_PARSERS) # test for valid parsers
      except xml.sax.SAXReaderNotAvailable:
          _XML_AVAILABLE = 0
      else:
          _XML_AVAILABLE = 1
  
  # sgmllib is not available by default in Python 3; if the end user doesn't have
  # it available then we'll lose illformed XML parsing, content santizing, and
  # microformat support (at least while feedparser depends on BeautifulSoup).
  try:
      import sgmllib
  except ImportError:
      # This is probably Python 3, which doesn't include sgmllib anymore
      _SGML_AVAILABLE = 0
  
      # Mock sgmllib enough to allow subclassing later on
      class sgmllib(object):
          class SGMLParser(object):
              def goahead(self, i):
                  pass
              def parse_starttag(self, i):
                  pass
  else:
      _SGML_AVAILABLE = 1
  
      # sgmllib defines a number of module-level regular expressions that are
      # insufficient for the XML parsing feedparser needs. Rather than modify
      # the variables directly in sgmllib, they're defined here using the same
      # names, and the compiled code objects of several sgmllib.SGMLParser
      # methods are copied into _BaseHTMLProcessor so that they execute in
      # feedparser's scope instead of sgmllib's scope.
      charref = re.compile('&#(\d+|[xX][0-9a-fA-F]+);')
      tagfind = re.compile('[a-zA-Z][-_.:a-zA-Z0-9]*')
      attrfind = re.compile(
          r'\s*([a-zA-Z_][-:.a-zA-Z_0-9]*)[$]?(\s*=\s*'
          r'(\'[^\']*\'|"[^"]*"|[][\-a-zA-Z0-9./,:;+*%?!&$\(\)_#=~\'"@]*))?'
      )
  
      # Unfortunately, these must be copied over to prevent NameError exceptions
      entityref = sgmllib.entityref
      incomplete = sgmllib.incomplete
      interesting = sgmllib.interesting
      shorttag = sgmllib.shorttag
      shorttagopen = sgmllib.shorttagopen
      starttagopen = sgmllib.starttagopen
  
      class _EndBracketRegEx:
          def __init__(self):
              # Overriding the built-in sgmllib.endbracket regex allows the
              # parser to find angle brackets embedded in element attributes.
              self.endbracket = re.compile('''([^'"<>]|"[^"]*"(?=>|/|\s|\w+=)|'[^']*'(?=>|/|\s|\w+=))*(?=[<>])|.*?(?=[<>])''')
          def search(self, target, index=0):
              match = self.endbracket.match(target, index)
              if match is not None:
                  # Returning a new object in the calling thread's context
                  # resolves a thread-safety.
                  return EndBracketMatch(match)
              return None
      class EndBracketMatch:
          def __init__(self, match):
              self.match = match
          def start(self, n):
              return self.match.end(n)
      endbracket = _EndBracketRegEx()
  
  
  # iconv_codec provides support for more character encodings.
  # It's available from http://cjkpython.i18n.org/
  try:
      import iconv_codec
  except ImportError:
      pass
  
  # chardet library auto-detects character encodings
  # Download from http://chardet.feedparser.org/
  try:
      import chardet
  except ImportError:
      chardet = None
  
  # BeautifulSoup is used to extract microformat content from HTML
  # feedparser is tested using BeautifulSoup 3.2.0
  # http://www.crummy.com/software/BeautifulSoup/
  try:
      import BeautifulSoup
  except ImportError:
      BeautifulSoup = None
      PARSE_MICROFORMATS = False
  
  # ---------- don't touch these ----------
  class ThingsNobodyCaresAboutButMe(Exception): pass
  class CharacterEncodingOverride(ThingsNobodyCaresAboutButMe): pass
  class CharacterEncodingUnknown(ThingsNobodyCaresAboutButMe): pass
  class NonXMLContentType(ThingsNobodyCaresAboutButMe): pass
  class UndeclaredNamespace(Exception): pass
  
  SUPPORTED_VERSIONS = {'': u'unknown',
                        'rss090': u'RSS 0.90',
                        'rss091n': u'RSS 0.91 (Netscape)',
                        'rss091u': u'RSS 0.91 (Userland)',
                        'rss092': u'RSS 0.92',
                        'rss093': u'RSS 0.93',
                        'rss094': u'RSS 0.94',
                        'rss20': u'RSS 2.0',
                        'rss10': u'RSS 1.0',
                        'rss': u'RSS (unknown version)',
                        'atom01': u'Atom 0.1',
                        'atom02': u'Atom 0.2',
                        'atom03': u'Atom 0.3',
                        'atom10': u'Atom 1.0',
                        'atom': u'Atom (unknown version)',
                        'cdf': u'CDF',
                        }
  
  class FeedParserDict(dict):
      keymap = {'channel': 'feed',
                'items': 'entries',
                'guid': 'id',
                'date': 'updated',
                'date_parsed': 'updated_parsed',
                'description': ['summary', 'subtitle'],
                'description_detail': ['summary_detail', 'subtitle_detail'],
                'url': ['href'],
                'modified': 'updated',
                'modified_parsed': 'updated_parsed',
                'issued': 'published',
                'issued_parsed': 'published_parsed',
                'copyright': 'rights',
                'copyright_detail': 'rights_detail',
                'tagline': 'subtitle',
                'tagline_detail': 'subtitle_detail'}
      def __getitem__(self, key):
          if key == 'category':
              try:
                  return dict.__getitem__(self, 'tags')[0]['term']
              except IndexError:
                  raise KeyError, "object doesn't have key 'category'"
          elif key == 'enclosures':
              norel = lambda link: FeedParserDict([(name,value) for (name,value) in link.items() if name!='rel'])
              return [norel(link) for link in dict.__getitem__(self, 'links') if link['rel']==u'enclosure']
          elif key == 'license':
              for link in dict.__getitem__(self, 'links'):
                  if link['rel']==u'license' and 'href' in link:
                      return link['href']
          elif key == 'updated':
              # Temporarily help developers out by keeping the old
              # broken behavior that was reported in issue 310.
              # This fix was proposed in issue 328.
              if not dict.__contains__(self, 'updated') and \
                  dict.__contains__(self, 'published'):
                  warnings.warn("To avoid breaking existing software while "
                      "fixing issue 310, a temporary mapping has been created "
                      "from `updated` to `published` if `updated` doesn't "
                      "exist. This fallback will be removed in a future version "
                      "of feedparser.", DeprecationWarning)
                  return dict.__getitem__(self, 'published')
              return dict.__getitem__(self, 'updated')
          elif key == 'updated_parsed':
              if not dict.__contains__(self, 'updated_parsed') and \
                  dict.__contains__(self, 'published_parsed'):
                  warnings.warn("To avoid breaking existing software while "
                      "fixing issue 310, a temporary mapping has been created "
                      "from `updated_parsed` to `published_parsed` if "
                      "`updated_parsed` doesn't exist. This fallback will be "
                      "removed in a future version of feedparser.",
                      DeprecationWarning)
                  return dict.__getitem__(self, 'published_parsed')
              return dict.__getitem__(self, 'updated_parsed')
          else:
              realkey = self.keymap.get(key, key)
              if isinstance(realkey, list):
                  for k in realkey:
                      if dict.__contains__(self, k):
                          return dict.__getitem__(self, k)
              elif dict.__contains__(self, realkey):
                  return dict.__getitem__(self, realkey)
          return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
  
      def __contains__(self, key):
          if key in ('updated', 'updated_parsed'):
              # Temporarily help developers out by keeping the old
              # broken behavior that was reported in issue 310.
              # This fix was proposed in issue 328.
              return dict.__contains__(self, key)
          try:
              self.__getitem__(key)
          except KeyError:
              return False
          else:
              return True
  
      has_key = __contains__
  
      def get(self, key, default=None):
          try:
              return self.__getitem__(key)
          except KeyError:
              return default
  
      def __setitem__(self, key, value):
          key = self.keymap.get(key, key)
          if isinstance(key, list):
              key = key[0]
          return dict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
  
      def setdefault(self, key, value):
          if key not in self:
              self[key] = value
              return value
          return self[key]
  
      def __getattr__(self, key):
          # __getattribute__() is called first; this will be called
          # only if an attribute was not already found
          try:
              return self.__getitem__(key)
          except KeyError:
              raise AttributeError, "object has no attribute '%s'" % key
  
      def __hash__(self):
          return id(self)
  
  _cp1252 = {
      128: unichr(8364), # euro sign
      130: unichr(8218), # single low-9 quotation mark
      131: unichr( 402), # latin small letter f with hook
      132: unichr(8222), # double low-9 quotation mark
      133: unichr(8230), # horizontal ellipsis
      134: unichr(8224), # dagger
      135: unichr(8225), # double dagger
      136: unichr( 710), # modifier letter circumflex accent
      137: unichr(8240), # per mille sign
      138: unichr( 352), # latin capital letter s with caron
      139: unichr(8249), # single left-pointing angle quotation mark
      140: unichr( 338), # latin capital ligature oe
      142: unichr( 381), # latin capital letter z with caron
      145: unichr(8216), # left single quotation mark
      146: unichr(8217), # right single quotation mark
      147: unichr(8220), # left double quotation mark
      148: unichr(8221), # right double quotation mark
      149: unichr(8226), # bullet
      150: unichr(8211), # en dash
      151: unichr(8212), # em dash
      152: unichr( 732), # small tilde
      153: unichr(8482), # trade mark sign
      154: unichr( 353), # latin small letter s with caron
      155: unichr(8250), # single right-pointing angle quotation mark
      156: unichr( 339), # latin small ligature oe
      158: unichr( 382), # latin small letter z with caron
      159: unichr( 376), # latin capital letter y with diaeresis
  }
  
  _urifixer = re.compile('^([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+-.]*://)(/*)(.*?)')
  def _urljoin(base, uri):
      uri = _urifixer.sub(r'\1\3', uri)
      #try:
      if not isinstance(uri, unicode):
          uri = uri.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
      uri = urlparse.urljoin(base, uri)
      if not isinstance(uri, unicode):
          return uri.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
      return uri
      #except:
      #    uri = urlparse.urlunparse([urllib.quote(part) for part in urlparse.urlparse(uri)])
      #    return urlparse.urljoin(base, uri)
  
  class _FeedParserMixin:
      namespaces = {
          '': '',
          'http://backend.userland.com/rss': '',
          'http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss': '',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/': '',
          'http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/': '',
          'http://example.com/newformat#': '',
          'http://example.com/necho': '',
          'http://purl.org/echo/': '',
          'uri/of/echo/namespace#': '',
          'http://purl.org/pie/': '',
          'http://purl.org/atom/ns#': '',
          'http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom': '',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/rss091#': '',
  
          'http://webns.net/mvcb/':                                'admin',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/aggregation/':          'ag',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/annotate/':             'annotate',
          'http://media.tangent.org/rss/1.0/':                     'audio',
          'http://backend.userland.com/blogChannelModule':         'blogChannel',
          'http://web.resource.org/cc/':                           'cc',
          'http://backend.userland.com/creativeCommonsRssModule':  'creativeCommons',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/company':               'co',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/':              'content',
          'http://my.theinfo.org/changed/1.0/rss/':                'cp',
          'http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/':                      'dc',
          'http://purl.org/dc/terms/':                             'dcterms',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/email/':                'email',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/event/':                'ev',
          'http://rssnamespace.org/feedburner/ext/1.0':            'feedburner',
          'http://freshmeat.net/rss/fm/':                          'fm',
          'http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/':                            'foaf',
          'http://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#':              'geo',
          'http://postneo.com/icbm/':                              'icbm',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/image/':                'image',
          'http://www.itunes.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd':            'itunes',
          'http://example.com/DTDs/PodCast-1.0.dtd':               'itunes',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/link/':                 'l',
          'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss':                          'media',
          # Version 1.1.2 of the Media RSS spec added the trailing slash on the namespace
          'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/':                         'media',
          'http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/pingback/':  'pingback',
          'http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/1.2/basic/':        'prism',
          'http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#':           'rdf',
          'http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#':                 'rdfs',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/reference/':            'ref',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/richequiv/':            'reqv',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/search/':               'search',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/slash/':                'slash',
          'http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/':             'soap',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/servicestatus/':        'ss',
          'http://hacks.benhammersley.com/rss/streaming/':         'str',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/subscription/':         'sub',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/':          'sy',
          'http://schemas.pocketsoap.com/rss/myDescModule/':       'szf',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/taxonomy/':             'taxo',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/threading/':            'thr',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/textinput/':            'ti',
          'http://madskills.com/public/xml/rss/module/trackback/': 'trackback',
          'http://wellformedweb.org/commentAPI/':                  'wfw',
          'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/wiki/':                 'wiki',
          'http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml':                          'xhtml',
          'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink':                          'xlink',
          'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace':                  'xml',
      }
      _matchnamespaces = {}
  
      can_be_relative_uri = set(['link', 'id', 'wfw_comment', 'wfw_commentrss', 'docs', 'url', 'href', 'comments', 'icon', 'logo'])
      can_contain_relative_uris = set(['content', 'title', 'summary', 'info', 'tagline', 'subtitle', 'copyright', 'rights', 'description'])
      can_contain_dangerous_markup = set(['content', 'title', 'summary', 'info', 'tagline', 'subtitle', 'copyright', 'rights', 'description'])
      html_types = [u'text/html', u'application/xhtml+xml']
  
      def __init__(self, baseuri=None, baselang=None, encoding=u'utf-8'):
          if not self._matchnamespaces:
              for k, v in self.namespaces.items():
                  self._matchnamespaces[k.lower()] = v
          self.feeddata = FeedParserDict() # feed-level data
          self.encoding = encoding # character encoding
          self.entries = [] # list of entry-level data
          self.version = u'' # feed type/version, see SUPPORTED_VERSIONS
          self.namespacesInUse = {} # dictionary of namespaces defined by the feed
  
          # the following are used internally to track state;
          # this is really out of control and should be refactored
          self.infeed = 0
          self.inentry = 0
          self.incontent = 0
          self.intextinput = 0
          self.inimage = 0
          self.inauthor = 0
          self.incontributor = 0
          self.inpublisher = 0
          self.insource = 0
          self.sourcedata = FeedParserDict()
          self.contentparams = FeedParserDict()
          self._summaryKey = None
          self.namespacemap = {}
          self.elementstack = []
          self.basestack = []
          self.langstack = []
          self.baseuri = baseuri or u''
          self.lang = baselang or None
          self.svgOK = 0
          self.title_depth = -1
          self.depth = 0
          if baselang:
              self.feeddata['language'] = baselang.replace('_','-')
  
          # A map of the following form:
          #     {
          #         object_that_value_is_set_on: {
          #             property_name: depth_of_node_property_was_extracted_from,
          #             other_property: depth_of_node_property_was_extracted_from,
          #         },
          #     }
          self.property_depth_map = {}
  
      def _normalize_attributes(self, kv):
          k = kv[0].lower()
          v = k in ('rel', 'type') and kv[1].lower() or kv[1]
          # the sgml parser doesn't handle entities in attributes, nor
          # does it pass the attribute values through as unicode, while
          # strict xml parsers do -- account for this difference
          if isinstance(self, _LooseFeedParser):
              v = v.replace('&amp;', '&')
              if not isinstance(v, unicode):
                  v = v.decode('utf-8')
          return (k, v)
  
      def unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
          # increment depth counter
          self.depth += 1
  
          # normalize attrs
          attrs = map(self._normalize_attributes, attrs)
  
          # track xml:base and xml:lang
          attrsD = dict(attrs)
          baseuri = attrsD.get('xml:base', attrsD.get('base')) or self.baseuri
          if not isinstance(baseuri, unicode):
              baseuri = baseuri.decode(self.encoding, 'ignore')
          # ensure that self.baseuri is always an absolute URI that
          # uses a whitelisted URI scheme (e.g. not `javscript:`)
          if self.baseuri:
              self.baseuri = _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(self.baseuri, baseuri) or self.baseuri
          else:
              self.baseuri = _urljoin(self.baseuri, baseuri)
          lang = attrsD.get('xml:lang', attrsD.get('lang'))
          if lang == '':
              # xml:lang could be explicitly set to '', we need to capture that
              lang = None
          elif lang is None:
              # if no xml:lang is specified, use parent lang
              lang = self.lang
          if lang:
              if tag in ('feed', 'rss', 'rdf:RDF'):
                  self.feeddata['language'] = lang.replace('_','-')
          self.lang = lang
          self.basestack.append(self.baseuri)
          self.langstack.append(lang)
  
          # track namespaces
          for prefix, uri in attrs:
              if prefix.startswith('xmlns:'):
                  self.trackNamespace(prefix[6:], uri)
              elif prefix == 'xmlns':
                  self.trackNamespace(None, uri)
  
          # track inline content
          if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get('type', u'xml').endswith(u'xml'):
              if tag in ('xhtml:div', 'div'):
                  return # typepad does this 10/2007
              # element declared itself as escaped markup, but it isn't really
              self.contentparams['type'] = u'application/xhtml+xml'
          if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get('type') == u'application/xhtml+xml':
              if tag.find(':') <> -1:
                  prefix, tag = tag.split(':', 1)
                  namespace = self.namespacesInUse.get(prefix, '')
                  if tag=='math' and namespace=='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML':
                      attrs.append(('xmlns',namespace))
                  if tag=='svg' and namespace=='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg':
                      attrs.append(('xmlns',namespace))
              if tag == 'svg':
                  self.svgOK += 1
              return self.handle_data('<%s%s>' % (tag, self.strattrs(attrs)), escape=0)
  
          # match namespaces
          if tag.find(':') <> -1:
              prefix, suffix = tag.split(':', 1)
          else:
              prefix, suffix = '', tag
          prefix = self.namespacemap.get(prefix, prefix)
          if prefix:
              prefix = prefix + '_'
  
          # special hack for better tracking of empty textinput/image elements in illformed feeds
          if (not prefix) and tag not in ('title', 'link', 'description', 'name'):
              self.intextinput = 0
          if (not prefix) and tag not in ('title', 'link', 'description', 'url', 'href', 'width', 'height'):
              self.inimage = 0
  
          # call special handler (if defined) or default handler
          methodname = '_start_' + prefix + suffix
          try:
              method = getattr(self, methodname)
              return method(attrsD)
          except AttributeError:
              # Since there's no handler or something has gone wrong we explicitly add the element and its attributes
              unknown_tag = prefix + suffix
              if len(attrsD) == 0:
                  # No attributes so merge it into the encosing dictionary
                  return self.push(unknown_tag, 1)
              else:
                  # Has attributes so create it in its own dictionary
                  context = self._getContext()
                  context[unknown_tag] = attrsD
  
      def unknown_endtag(self, tag):
          # match namespaces
          if tag.find(':') <> -1:
              prefix, suffix = tag.split(':', 1)
          else:
              prefix, suffix = '', tag
          prefix = self.namespacemap.get(prefix, prefix)
          if prefix:
              prefix = prefix + '_'
          if suffix == 'svg' and self.svgOK:
              self.svgOK -= 1
  
          # call special handler (if defined) or default handler
          methodname = '_end_' + prefix + suffix
          try:
              if self.svgOK:
                  raise AttributeError()
              method = getattr(self, methodname)
              method()
          except AttributeError:
              self.pop(prefix + suffix)
  
          # track inline content
          if self.incontent and not self.contentparams.get('type', u'xml').endswith(u'xml'):
              # element declared itself as escaped markup, but it isn't really
              if tag in ('xhtml:div', 'div'):
                  return # typepad does this 10/2007
              self.contentparams['type'] = u'application/xhtml+xml'
          if self.incontent and self.contentparams.get('type') == u'application/xhtml+xml':
              tag = tag.split(':')[-1]
              self.handle_data('</%s>' % tag, escape=0)
  
          # track xml:base and xml:lang going out of scope
          if self.basestack:
              self.basestack.pop()
              if self.basestack and self.basestack[-1]:
                  self.baseuri = self.basestack[-1]
          if self.langstack:
              self.langstack.pop()
              if self.langstack: # and (self.langstack[-1] is not None):
                  self.lang = self.langstack[-1]
  
          self.depth -= 1
  
      def handle_charref(self, ref):
          # called for each character reference, e.g. for '&#160;', ref will be '160'
          if not self.elementstack:
              return
          ref = ref.lower()
          if ref in ('34', '38', '39', '60', '62', 'x22', 'x26', 'x27', 'x3c', 'x3e'):
              text = '&#%s;' % ref
          else:
              if ref[0] == 'x':
                  c = int(ref[1:], 16)
              else:
                  c = int(ref)
              text = unichr(c).encode('utf-8')
          self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
  
      def handle_entityref(self, ref):
          # called for each entity reference, e.g. for '&copy;', ref will be 'copy'
          if not self.elementstack:
              return
          if ref in ('lt', 'gt', 'quot', 'amp', 'apos'):
              text = '&%s;' % ref
          elif ref in self.entities:
              text = self.entities[ref]
              if text.startswith('&#') and text.endswith(';'):
                  return self.handle_entityref(text)
          else:
              try:
                  name2codepoint[ref]
              except KeyError:
                  text = '&%s;' % ref
              else:
                  text = unichr(name2codepoint[ref]).encode('utf-8')
          self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
  
      def handle_data(self, text, escape=1):
          # called for each block of plain text, i.e. outside of any tag and
          # not containing any character or entity references
          if not self.elementstack:
              return
          if escape and self.contentparams.get('type') == u'application/xhtml+xml':
              text = _xmlescape(text)
          self.elementstack[-1][2].append(text)
  
      def handle_comment(self, text):
          # called for each comment, e.g. <!-- insert message here -->
          pass
  
      def handle_pi(self, text):
          # called for each processing instruction, e.g. <?instruction>
          pass
  
      def handle_decl(self, text):
          pass
  
      def parse_declaration(self, i):
          # override internal declaration handler to handle CDATA blocks
          if self.rawdata[i:i+9] == '<![CDATA[':
              k = self.rawdata.find(']]>', i)
              if k == -1:
                  # CDATA block began but didn't finish
                  k = len(self.rawdata)
                  return k
              self.handle_data(_xmlescape(self.rawdata[i+9:k]), 0)
              return k+3
          else:
              k = self.rawdata.find('>', i)
              if k >= 0:
                  return k+1
              else:
                  # We have an incomplete CDATA block.
                  return k
  
      def mapContentType(self, contentType):
          contentType = contentType.lower()
          if contentType == 'text' or contentType == 'plain':
              contentType = u'text/plain'
          elif contentType == 'html':
              contentType = u'text/html'
          elif contentType == 'xhtml':
              contentType = u'application/xhtml+xml'
          return contentType
  
      def trackNamespace(self, prefix, uri):
          loweruri = uri.lower()
          if not self.version:
              if (prefix, loweruri) == (None, 'http://my.netscape.com/rdf/simple/0.9/'):
                  self.version = u'rss090'
              elif loweruri == 'http://purl.org/rss/1.0/':
                  self.version = u'rss10'
              elif loweruri == 'http://www.w3.org/2005/atom':
                  self.version = u'atom10'
          if loweruri.find(u'backend.userland.com/rss') <> -1:
              # match any backend.userland.com namespace
              uri = u'http://backend.userland.com/rss'
              loweruri = uri
          if loweruri in self._matchnamespaces:
              self.namespacemap[prefix] = self._matchnamespaces[loweruri]
              self.namespacesInUse[self._matchnamespaces[loweruri]] = uri
          else:
              self.namespacesInUse[prefix or ''] = uri
  
      def resolveURI(self, uri):
          return _urljoin(self.baseuri or u'', uri)
  
      def decodeEntities(self, element, data):
          return data
  
      def strattrs(self, attrs):
          return ''.join([' %s="%s"' % (t[0],_xmlescape(t[1],{'"':'&quot;'})) for t in attrs])
  
      def push(self, element, expectingText):
          self.elementstack.append([element, expectingText, []])
  
      def pop(self, element, stripWhitespace=1):
          if not self.elementstack:
              return
          if self.elementstack[-1][0] != element:
              return
  
          element, expectingText, pieces = self.elementstack.pop()
  
          if self.version == u'atom10' and self.contentparams.get('type', u'text') == u'application/xhtml+xml':
              # remove enclosing child element, but only if it is a <div> and
              # only if all the remaining content is nested underneath it.
              # This means that the divs would be retained in the following:
              #    <div>foo</div><div>bar</div>
              while pieces and len(pieces)>1 and not pieces[-1].strip():
                  del pieces[-1]
              while pieces and len(pieces)>1 and not pieces[0].strip():
                  del pieces[0]
              if pieces and (pieces[0] == '<div>' or pieces[0].startswith('<div ')) and pieces[-1]=='</div>':
                  depth = 0
                  for piece in pieces[:-1]:
                      if piece.startswith('</'):
                          depth -= 1
                          if depth == 0:
                              break
                      elif piece.startswith('<') and not piece.endswith('/>'):
                          depth += 1
                  else:
                      pieces = pieces[1:-1]
  
          # Ensure each piece is a str for Python 3
          for (i, v) in enumerate(pieces):
              if not isinstance(v, unicode):
                  pieces[i] = v.decode('utf-8')
  
          output = u''.join(pieces)
          if stripWhitespace:
              output = output.strip()
          if not expectingText:
              return output
  
          # decode base64 content
          if base64 and self.contentparams.get('base64', 0):
              try:
                  output = _base64decode(output)
              except binascii.Error:
                  pass
              except binascii.Incomplete:
                  pass
              except TypeError:
                  # In Python 3, base64 takes and outputs bytes, not str
                  # This may not be the most correct way to accomplish this
                  output = _base64decode(output.encode('utf-8')).decode('utf-8')
  
          # resolve relative URIs
          if (element in self.can_be_relative_uri) and output:
              output = self.resolveURI(output)
  
          # decode entities within embedded markup
          if not self.contentparams.get('base64', 0):
              output = self.decodeEntities(element, output)
  
          # some feed formats require consumers to guess
          # whether the content is html or plain text
          if not self.version.startswith(u'atom') and self.contentparams.get('type') == u'text/plain':
              if self.lookslikehtml(output):
                  self.contentparams['type'] = u'text/html'
  
          # remove temporary cruft from contentparams
          try:
              del self.contentparams['mode']
          except KeyError:
              pass
          try:
              del self.contentparams['base64']
          except KeyError:
              pass
  
          is_htmlish = self.mapContentType(self.contentparams.get('type', u'text/html')) in self.html_types
          # resolve relative URIs within embedded markup
          if is_htmlish and RESOLVE_RELATIVE_URIS:
              if element in self.can_contain_relative_uris:
                  output = _resolveRelativeURIs(output, self.baseuri, self.encoding, self.contentparams.get('type', u'text/html'))
  
          # parse microformats
          # (must do this before sanitizing because some microformats
          # rely on elements that we sanitize)
          if PARSE_MICROFORMATS and is_htmlish and element in ['content', 'description', 'summary']:
              mfresults = _parseMicroformats(output, self.baseuri, self.encoding)
              if mfresults:
                  for tag in mfresults.get('tags', []):
                      self._addTag(tag['term'], tag['scheme'], tag['label'])
                  for enclosure in mfresults.get('enclosures', []):
                      self._start_enclosure(enclosure)
                  for xfn in mfresults.get('xfn', []):
                      self._addXFN(xfn['relationships'], xfn['href'], xfn['name'])
                  vcard = mfresults.get('vcard')
                  if vcard:
                      self._getContext()['vcard'] = vcard
  
          # sanitize embedded markup
          if is_htmlish and SANITIZE_HTML:
              if element in self.can_contain_dangerous_markup:
                  output = _sanitizeHTML(output, self.encoding, self.contentparams.get('type', u'text/html'))
  
          if self.encoding and not isinstance(output, unicode):
              output = output.decode(self.encoding, 'ignore')
  
          # address common error where people take data that is already
          # utf-8, presume that it is iso-8859-1, and re-encode it.
          if self.encoding in (u'utf-8', u'utf-8_INVALID_PYTHON_3') and isinstance(output, unicode):
              try:
                  output = output.encode('iso-8859-1').decode('utf-8')
              except (UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError):
                  pass
  
          # map win-1252 extensions to the proper code points
          if isinstance(output, unicode):
              output = output.translate(_cp1252)
  
          # categories/tags/keywords/whatever are handled in _end_category
          if element == 'category':
              return output
  
          if element == 'title' and -1 < self.title_depth <= self.depth:
              return output
  
          # store output in appropriate place(s)
          if self.inentry and not self.insource:
              if element == 'content':
                  self.entries[-1].setdefault(element, [])
                  contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
                  contentparams['value'] = output
                  self.entries[-1][element].append(contentparams)
              elif element == 'link':
                  if not self.inimage:
                      # query variables in urls in link elements are improperly
                      # converted from `?a=1&b=2` to `?a=1&b;=2` as if they're
                      # unhandled character references. fix this special case.
                      output = re.sub("&([A-Za-z0-9_]+);", "&\g<1>", output)
                      self.entries[-1][element] = output
                      if output:
                          self.entries[-1]['links'][-1]['href'] = output
              else:
                  if element == 'description':
                      element = 'summary'
                  old_value_depth = self.property_depth_map.setdefault(self.entries[-1], {}).get(element)
                  if old_value_depth is None or self.depth <= old_value_depth:
                      self.property_depth_map[self.entries[-1]][element] = self.depth
                      self.entries[-1][element] = output
                  if self.incontent:
                      contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
                      contentparams['value'] = output
                      self.entries[-1][element + '_detail'] = contentparams
          elif (self.infeed or self.insource):# and (not self.intextinput) and (not self.inimage):
              context = self._getContext()
              if element == 'description':
                  element = 'subtitle'
              context[element] = output
              if element == 'link':
                  # fix query variables; see above for the explanation
                  output = re.sub("&([A-Za-z0-9_]+);", "&\g<1>", output)
                  context[element] = output
                  context['links'][-1]['href'] = output
              elif self.incontent:
                  contentparams = copy.deepcopy(self.contentparams)
                  contentparams['value'] = output
                  context[element + '_detail'] = contentparams
          return output
  
      def pushContent(self, tag, attrsD, defaultContentType, expectingText):
          self.incontent += 1
          if self.lang:
              self.lang=self.lang.replace('_','-')
          self.contentparams = FeedParserDict({
              'type': self.mapContentType(attrsD.get('type', defaultContentType)),
              'language': self.lang,
              'base': self.baseuri})
          self.contentparams['base64'] = self._isBase64(attrsD, self.contentparams)
          self.push(tag, expectingText)
  
      def popContent(self, tag):
          value = self.pop(tag)
          self.incontent -= 1
          self.contentparams.clear()
          return value
  
      # a number of elements in a number of RSS variants are nominally plain
      # text, but this is routinely ignored.  This is an attempt to detect
      # the most common cases.  As false positives often result in silent
      # data loss, this function errs on the conservative side.
      @staticmethod
      def lookslikehtml(s):
          # must have a close tag or an entity reference to qualify
          if not (re.search(r'</(\w+)>',s) or re.search("&#?\w+;",s)):
              return
  
          # all tags must be in a restricted subset of valid HTML tags
          if filter(lambda t: t.lower() not in _HTMLSanitizer.acceptable_elements,
              re.findall(r'</?(\w+)',s)):
              return
  
          # all entities must have been defined as valid HTML entities
          if filter(lambda e: e not in entitydefs.keys(), re.findall(r'&(\w+);', s)):
              return
  
          return 1
  
      def _mapToStandardPrefix(self, name):
          colonpos = name.find(':')
          if colonpos <> -1:
              prefix = name[:colonpos]
              suffix = name[colonpos+1:]
              prefix = self.namespacemap.get(prefix, prefix)
              name = prefix + ':' + suffix
          return name
  
      def _getAttribute(self, attrsD, name):
          return attrsD.get(self._mapToStandardPrefix(name))
  
      def _isBase64(self, attrsD, contentparams):
          if attrsD.get('mode', '') == 'base64':
              return 1
          if self.contentparams['type'].startswith(u'text/'):
              return 0
          if self.contentparams['type'].endswith(u'+xml'):
              return 0
          if self.contentparams['type'].endswith(u'/xml'):
              return 0
          return 1
  
      def _itsAnHrefDamnIt(self, attrsD):
          href = attrsD.get('url', attrsD.get('uri', attrsD.get('href', None)))
          if href:
              try:
                  del attrsD['url']
              except KeyError:
                  pass
              try:
                  del attrsD['uri']
              except KeyError:
                  pass
              attrsD['href'] = href
          return attrsD
  
      def _save(self, key, value, overwrite=False):
          context = self._getContext()
          if overwrite:
              context[key] = value
          else:
              context.setdefault(key, value)
  
      def _start_rss(self, attrsD):
          versionmap = {'0.91': u'rss091u',
                        '0.92': u'rss092',
                        '0.93': u'rss093',
                        '0.94': u'rss094'}
          #If we're here then this is an RSS feed.
          #If we don't have a version or have a version that starts with something
          #other than RSS then there's been a mistake. Correct it.
          if not self.version or not self.version.startswith(u'rss'):
              attr_version = attrsD.get('version', '')
              version = versionmap.get(attr_version)
              if version:
                  self.version = version
              elif attr_version.startswith('2.'):
                  self.version = u'rss20'
              else:
                  self.version = u'rss'
  
      def _start_channel(self, attrsD):
          self.infeed = 1
          self._cdf_common(attrsD)
  
      def _cdf_common(self, attrsD):
          if 'lastmod' in attrsD:
              self._start_modified({})
              self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrsD['lastmod']
              self._end_modified()
          if 'href' in attrsD:
              self._start_link({})
              self.elementstack[-1][-1] = attrsD['href']
              self._end_link()
  
      def _start_feed(self, attrsD):
          self.infeed = 1
          versionmap = {'0.1': u'atom01',
                        '0.2': u'atom02',
                        '0.3': u'atom03'}
          if not self.version:
              attr_version = attrsD.get('version')
              version = versionmap.get(attr_version)
              if version:
                  self.version = version
              else:
                  self.version = u'atom'
  
      def _end_channel(self):
          self.infeed = 0
      _end_feed = _end_channel
  
      def _start_image(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          if not self.inentry:
              context.setdefault('image', FeedParserDict())
          self.inimage = 1
          self.title_depth = -1
          self.push('image', 0)
  
      def _end_image(self):
          self.pop('image')
          self.inimage = 0
  
      def _start_textinput(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('textinput', FeedParserDict())
          self.intextinput = 1
          self.title_depth = -1
          self.push('textinput', 0)
      _start_textInput = _start_textinput
  
      def _end_textinput(self):
          self.pop('textinput')
          self.intextinput = 0
      _end_textInput = _end_textinput
  
      def _start_author(self, attrsD):
          self.inauthor = 1
          self.push('author', 1)
          # Append a new FeedParserDict when expecting an author
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('authors', [])
          context['authors'].append(FeedParserDict())
      _start_managingeditor = _start_author
      _start_dc_author = _start_author
      _start_dc_creator = _start_author
      _start_itunes_author = _start_author
  
      def _end_author(self):
          self.pop('author')
          self.inauthor = 0
          self._sync_author_detail()
      _end_managingeditor = _end_author
      _end_dc_author = _end_author
      _end_dc_creator = _end_author
      _end_itunes_author = _end_author
  
      def _start_itunes_owner(self, attrsD):
          self.inpublisher = 1
          self.push('publisher', 0)
  
      def _end_itunes_owner(self):
          self.pop('publisher')
          self.inpublisher = 0
          self._sync_author_detail('publisher')
  
      def _start_contributor(self, attrsD):
          self.incontributor = 1
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('contributors', [])
          context['contributors'].append(FeedParserDict())
          self.push('contributor', 0)
  
      def _end_contributor(self):
          self.pop('contributor')
          self.incontributor = 0
  
      def _start_dc_contributor(self, attrsD):
          self.incontributor = 1
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('contributors', [])
          context['contributors'].append(FeedParserDict())
          self.push('name', 0)
  
      def _end_dc_contributor(self):
          self._end_name()
          self.incontributor = 0
  
      def _start_name(self, attrsD):
          self.push('name', 0)
      _start_itunes_name = _start_name
  
      def _end_name(self):
          value = self.pop('name')
          if self.inpublisher:
              self._save_author('name', value, 'publisher')
          elif self.inauthor:
              self._save_author('name', value)
          elif self.incontributor:
              self._save_contributor('name', value)
          elif self.intextinput:
              context = self._getContext()
              context['name'] = value
      _end_itunes_name = _end_name
  
      def _start_width(self, attrsD):
          self.push('width', 0)
  
      def _end_width(self):
          value = self.pop('width')
          try:
              value = int(value)
          except ValueError:
              value = 0
          if self.inimage:
              context = self._getContext()
              context['width'] = value
  
      def _start_height(self, attrsD):
          self.push('height', 0)
  
      def _end_height(self):
          value = self.pop('height')
          try:
              value = int(value)
          except ValueError:
              value = 0
          if self.inimage:
              context = self._getContext()
              context['height'] = value
  
      def _start_url(self, attrsD):
          self.push('href', 1)
      _start_homepage = _start_url
      _start_uri = _start_url
  
      def _end_url(self):
          value = self.pop('href')
          if self.inauthor:
              self._save_author('href', value)
          elif self.incontributor:
              self._save_contributor('href', value)
      _end_homepage = _end_url
      _end_uri = _end_url
  
      def _start_email(self, attrsD):
          self.push('email', 0)
      _start_itunes_email = _start_email
  
      def _end_email(self):
          value = self.pop('email')
          if self.inpublisher:
              self._save_author('email', value, 'publisher')
          elif self.inauthor:
              self._save_author('email', value)
          elif self.incontributor:
              self._save_contributor('email', value)
      _end_itunes_email = _end_email
  
      def _getContext(self):
          if self.insource:
              context = self.sourcedata
          elif self.inimage and 'image' in self.feeddata:
              context = self.feeddata['image']
          elif self.intextinput:
              context = self.feeddata['textinput']
          elif self.inentry:
              context = self.entries[-1]
          else:
              context = self.feeddata
          return context
  
      def _save_author(self, key, value, prefix='author'):
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault(prefix + '_detail', FeedParserDict())
          context[prefix + '_detail'][key] = value
          self._sync_author_detail()
          context.setdefault('authors', [FeedParserDict()])
          context['authors'][-1][key] = value
  
      def _save_contributor(self, key, value):
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('contributors', [FeedParserDict()])
          context['contributors'][-1][key] = value
  
      def _sync_author_detail(self, key='author'):
          context = self._getContext()
          detail = context.get('%s_detail' % key)
          if detail:
              name = detail.get('name')
              email = detail.get('email')
              if name and email:
                  context[key] = u'%s (%s)' % (name, email)
              elif name:
                  context[key] = name
              elif email:
                  context[key] = email
          else:
              author, email = context.get(key), None
              if not author:
                  return
              emailmatch = re.search(ur'''(([a-zA-Z0-9\_\-\.\+]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?))(\?subject=\S+)?''', author)
              if emailmatch:
                  email = emailmatch.group(0)
                  # probably a better way to do the following, but it passes all the tests
                  author = author.replace(email, u'')
                  author = author.replace(u'()', u'')
                  author = author.replace(u'<>', u'')
                  author = author.replace(u'&lt;&gt;', u'')
                  author = author.strip()
                  if author and (author[0] == u'('):
                      author = author[1:]
                  if author and (author[-1] == u')'):
                      author = author[:-1]
                  author = author.strip()
              if author or email:
                  context.setdefault('%s_detail' % key, FeedParserDict())
              if author:
                  context['%s_detail' % key]['name'] = author
              if email:
                  context['%s_detail' % key]['email'] = email
  
      def _start_subtitle(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('subtitle', attrsD, u'text/plain', 1)
      _start_tagline = _start_subtitle
      _start_itunes_subtitle = _start_subtitle
  
      def _end_subtitle(self):
          self.popContent('subtitle')
      _end_tagline = _end_subtitle
      _end_itunes_subtitle = _end_subtitle
  
      def _start_rights(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('rights', attrsD, u'text/plain', 1)
      _start_dc_rights = _start_rights
      _start_copyright = _start_rights
  
      def _end_rights(self):
          self.popContent('rights')
      _end_dc_rights = _end_rights
      _end_copyright = _end_rights
  
      def _start_item(self, attrsD):
          self.entries.append(FeedParserDict())
          self.push('item', 0)
          self.inentry = 1
          self.guidislink = 0
          self.title_depth = -1
          id = self._getAttribute(attrsD, 'rdf:about')
          if id:
              context = self._getContext()
              context['id'] = id
          self._cdf_common(attrsD)
      _start_entry = _start_item
  
      def _end_item(self):
          self.pop('item')
          self.inentry = 0
      _end_entry = _end_item
  
      def _start_dc_language(self, attrsD):
          self.push('language', 1)
      _start_language = _start_dc_language
  
      def _end_dc_language(self):
          self.lang = self.pop('language')
      _end_language = _end_dc_language
  
      def _start_dc_publisher(self, attrsD):
          self.push('publisher', 1)
      _start_webmaster = _start_dc_publisher
  
      def _end_dc_publisher(self):
          self.pop('publisher')
          self._sync_author_detail('publisher')
      _end_webmaster = _end_dc_publisher
  
      def _start_published(self, attrsD):
          self.push('published', 1)
      _start_dcterms_issued = _start_published
      _start_issued = _start_published
      _start_pubdate = _start_published
  
      def _end_published(self):
          value = self.pop('published')
          self._save('published_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
      _end_dcterms_issued = _end_published
      _end_issued = _end_published
      _end_pubdate = _end_published
  
      def _start_updated(self, attrsD):
          self.push('updated', 1)
      _start_modified = _start_updated
      _start_dcterms_modified = _start_updated
      _start_dc_date = _start_updated
      _start_lastbuilddate = _start_updated
  
      def _end_updated(self):
          value = self.pop('updated')
          parsed_value = _parse_date(value)
          self._save('updated_parsed', parsed_value, overwrite=True)
      _end_modified = _end_updated
      _end_dcterms_modified = _end_updated
      _end_dc_date = _end_updated
      _end_lastbuilddate = _end_updated
  
      def _start_created(self, attrsD):
          self.push('created', 1)
      _start_dcterms_created = _start_created
  
      def _end_created(self):
          value = self.pop('created')
          self._save('created_parsed', _parse_date(value), overwrite=True)
      _end_dcterms_created = _end_created
  
      def _start_expirationdate(self, attrsD):
          self.push('expired', 1)
  
      def _end_expirationdate(self):
          self._save('expired_parsed', _parse_date(self.pop('expired')), overwrite=True)
  
      def _start_cc_license(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          value = self._getAttribute(attrsD, 'rdf:resource')
          attrsD = FeedParserDict()
          attrsD['rel'] = u'license'
          if value:
              attrsD['href']=value
          context.setdefault('links', []).append(attrsD)
  
      def _start_creativecommons_license(self, attrsD):
          self.push('license', 1)
      _start_creativeCommons_license = _start_creativecommons_license
  
      def _end_creativecommons_license(self):
          value = self.pop('license')
          context = self._getContext()
          attrsD = FeedParserDict()
          attrsD['rel'] = u'license'
          if value:
              attrsD['href'] = value
          context.setdefault('links', []).append(attrsD)
          del context['license']
      _end_creativeCommons_license = _end_creativecommons_license
  
      def _addXFN(self, relationships, href, name):
          context = self._getContext()
          xfn = context.setdefault('xfn', [])
          value = FeedParserDict({'relationships': relationships, 'href': href, 'name': name})
          if value not in xfn:
              xfn.append(value)
  
      def _addTag(self, term, scheme, label):
          context = self._getContext()
          tags = context.setdefault('tags', [])
          if (not term) and (not scheme) and (not label):
              return
          value = FeedParserDict({'term': term, 'scheme': scheme, 'label': label})
          if value not in tags:
              tags.append(value)
  
      def _start_category(self, attrsD):
          term = attrsD.get('term')
          scheme = attrsD.get('scheme', attrsD.get('domain'))
          label = attrsD.get('label')
          self._addTag(term, scheme, label)
          self.push('category', 1)
      _start_dc_subject = _start_category
      _start_keywords = _start_category
  
      def _start_media_category(self, attrsD):
          attrsD.setdefault('scheme', u'http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/category_schema')
          self._start_category(attrsD)
  
      def _end_itunes_keywords(self):
          for term in self.pop('itunes_keywords').split(','):
              if term.strip():
                  self._addTag(term.strip(), u'http://www.itunes.com/', None)
  
      def _start_itunes_category(self, attrsD):
          self._addTag(attrsD.get('text'), u'http://www.itunes.com/', None)
          self.push('category', 1)
  
      def _end_category(self):
          value = self.pop('category')
          if not value:
              return
          context = self._getContext()
          tags = context['tags']
          if value and len(tags) and not tags[-1]['term']:
              tags[-1]['term'] = value
          else:
              self._addTag(value, None, None)
      _end_dc_subject = _end_category
      _end_keywords = _end_category
      _end_itunes_category = _end_category
      _end_media_category = _end_category
  
      def _start_cloud(self, attrsD):
          self._getContext()['cloud'] = FeedParserDict(attrsD)
  
      def _start_link(self, attrsD):
          attrsD.setdefault('rel', u'alternate')
          if attrsD['rel'] == u'self':
              attrsD.setdefault('type', u'application/atom+xml')
          else:
              attrsD.setdefault('type', u'text/html')
          context = self._getContext()
          attrsD = self._itsAnHrefDamnIt(attrsD)
          if 'href' in attrsD:
              attrsD['href'] = self.resolveURI(attrsD['href'])
          expectingText = self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource
          context.setdefault('links', [])
          if not (self.inentry and self.inimage):
              context['links'].append(FeedParserDict(attrsD))
          if 'href' in attrsD:
              expectingText = 0
              if (attrsD.get('rel') == u'alternate') and (self.mapContentType(attrsD.get('type')) in self.html_types):
                  context['link'] = attrsD['href']
          else:
              self.push('link', expectingText)
  
      def _end_link(self):
          value = self.pop('link')
  
      def _start_guid(self, attrsD):
          self.guidislink = (attrsD.get('ispermalink', 'true') == 'true')
          self.push('id', 1)
      _start_id = _start_guid
  
      def _end_guid(self):
          value = self.pop('id')
          self._save('guidislink', self.guidislink and 'link' not in self._getContext())
          if self.guidislink:
              # guid acts as link, but only if 'ispermalink' is not present or is 'true',
              # and only if the item doesn't already have a link element
              self._save('link', value)
      _end_id = _end_guid
  
      def _start_title(self, attrsD):
          if self.svgOK:
              return self.unknown_starttag('title', attrsD.items())
          self.pushContent('title', attrsD, u'text/plain', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
      _start_dc_title = _start_title
      _start_media_title = _start_title
  
      def _end_title(self):
          if self.svgOK:
              return
          value = self.popContent('title')
          if not value:
              return
          self.title_depth = self.depth
      _end_dc_title = _end_title
  
      def _end_media_title(self):
          title_depth = self.title_depth
          self._end_title()
          self.title_depth = title_depth
  
      def _start_description(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          if 'summary' in context:
              self._summaryKey = 'content'
              self._start_content(attrsD)
          else:
              self.pushContent('description', attrsD, u'text/html', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
      _start_dc_description = _start_description
  
      def _start_abstract(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('description', attrsD, u'text/plain', self.infeed or self.inentry or self.insource)
  
      def _end_description(self):
          if self._summaryKey == 'content':
              self._end_content()
          else:
              value = self.popContent('description')
          self._summaryKey = None
      _end_abstract = _end_description
      _end_dc_description = _end_description
  
      def _start_info(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('info', attrsD, u'text/plain', 1)
      _start_feedburner_browserfriendly = _start_info
  
      def _end_info(self):
          self.popContent('info')
      _end_feedburner_browserfriendly = _end_info
  
      def _start_generator(self, attrsD):
          if attrsD:
              attrsD = self._itsAnHrefDamnIt(attrsD)
              if 'href' in attrsD:
                  attrsD['href'] = self.resolveURI(attrsD['href'])
          self._getContext()['generator_detail'] = FeedParserDict(attrsD)
          self.push('generator', 1)
  
      def _end_generator(self):
          value = self.pop('generator')
          context = self._getContext()
          if 'generator_detail' in context:
              context['generator_detail']['name'] = value
  
      def _start_admin_generatoragent(self, attrsD):
          self.push('generator', 1)
          value = self._getAttribute(attrsD, 'rdf:resource')
          if value:
              self.elementstack[-1][2].append(value)
          self.pop('generator')
          self._getContext()['generator_detail'] = FeedParserDict({'href': value})
  
      def _start_admin_errorreportsto(self, attrsD):
          self.push('errorreportsto', 1)
          value = self._getAttribute(attrsD, 'rdf:resource')
          if value:
              self.elementstack[-1][2].append(value)
          self.pop('errorreportsto')
  
      def _start_summary(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          if 'summary' in context:
              self._summaryKey = 'content'
              self._start_content(attrsD)
          else:
              self._summaryKey = 'summary'
              self.pushContent(self._summaryKey, attrsD, u'text/plain', 1)
      _start_itunes_summary = _start_summary
  
      def _end_summary(self):
          if self._summaryKey == 'content':
              self._end_content()
          else:
              self.popContent(self._summaryKey or 'summary')
          self._summaryKey = None
      _end_itunes_summary = _end_summary
  
      def _start_enclosure(self, attrsD):
          attrsD = self._itsAnHrefDamnIt(attrsD)
          context = self._getContext()
          attrsD['rel'] = u'enclosure'
          context.setdefault('links', []).append(FeedParserDict(attrsD))
  
      def _start_source(self, attrsD):
          if 'url' in attrsD:
              # This means that we're processing a source element from an RSS 2.0 feed
              self.sourcedata['href'] = attrsD[u'url']
          self.push('source', 1)
          self.insource = 1
          self.title_depth = -1
  
      def _end_source(self):
          self.insource = 0
          value = self.pop('source')
          if value:
              self.sourcedata['title'] = value
          self._getContext()['source'] = copy.deepcopy(self.sourcedata)
          self.sourcedata.clear()
  
      def _start_content(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('content', attrsD, u'text/plain', 1)
          src = attrsD.get('src')
          if src:
              self.contentparams['src'] = src
          self.push('content', 1)
  
      def _start_body(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('content', attrsD, u'application/xhtml+xml', 1)
      _start_xhtml_body = _start_body
  
      def _start_content_encoded(self, attrsD):
          self.pushContent('content', attrsD, u'text/html', 1)
      _start_fullitem = _start_content_encoded
  
      def _end_content(self):
          copyToSummary = self.mapContentType(self.contentparams.get('type')) in ([u'text/plain'] + self.html_types)
          value = self.popContent('content')
          if copyToSummary:
              self._save('summary', value)
  
      _end_body = _end_content
      _end_xhtml_body = _end_content
      _end_content_encoded = _end_content
      _end_fullitem = _end_content
  
      def _start_itunes_image(self, attrsD):
          self.push('itunes_image', 0)
          if attrsD.get('href'):
              self._getContext()['image'] = FeedParserDict({'href': attrsD.get('href')})
          elif attrsD.get('url'):
              self._getContext()['image'] = FeedParserDict({'href': attrsD.get('url')})
      _start_itunes_link = _start_itunes_image
  
      def _end_itunes_block(self):
          value = self.pop('itunes_block', 0)
          self._getContext()['itunes_block'] = (value == 'yes') and 1 or 0
  
      def _end_itunes_explicit(self):
          value = self.pop('itunes_explicit', 0)
          # Convert 'yes' -> True, 'clean' to False, and any other value to None
          # False and None both evaluate as False, so the difference can be ignored
          # by applications that only need to know if the content is explicit.
          self._getContext()['itunes_explicit'] = (None, False, True)[(value == 'yes' and 2) or value == 'clean' or 0]
  
      def _start_media_content(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('media_content', [])
          context['media_content'].append(attrsD)
  
      def _start_media_thumbnail(self, attrsD):
          context = self._getContext()
          context.setdefault('media_thumbnail', [])
          self.push('url', 1) # new
          context['media_thumbnail'].append(attrsD)
  
      def _end_media_thumbnail(self):
          url = self.pop('url')
          context = self._getContext()
          if url != None and len(url.strip()) != 0:
              if 'url' not in context['media_thumbnail'][-1]:
                  context['media_thumbnail'][-1]['url'] = url
  
      def _start_media_player(self, attrsD):
          self.push('media_player', 0)
          self._getContext()['media_player'] = FeedParserDict(attrsD)
  
      def _end_media_player(self):
          value = self.pop('media_player')
          context = self._getContext()
          context['media_player']['content'] = value
  
      def _start_newlocation(self, attrsD):
          self.push('newlocation', 1)
  
      def _end_newlocation(self):
          url = self.pop('newlocation')
          context = self._getContext()
          # don't set newlocation if the context isn't right
          if context is not self.feeddata:
              return
          context['newlocation'] = _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(self.baseuri, url.strip())
  
  if _XML_AVAILABLE:
      class _StrictFeedParser(_FeedParserMixin, xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):
          def __init__(self, baseuri, baselang, encoding):
              xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
              _FeedParserMixin.__init__(self, baseuri, baselang, encoding)
              self.bozo = 0
              self.exc = None
              self.decls = {}
  
          def startPrefixMapping(self, prefix, uri):
              if not uri:
                  return
              # Jython uses '' instead of None; standardize on None
              prefix = prefix or None
              self.trackNamespace(prefix, uri)
              if prefix and uri == 'http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink':
                  self.decls['xmlns:' + prefix] = uri
  
          def startElementNS(self, name, qname, attrs):
              namespace, localname = name
              lowernamespace = str(namespace or '').lower()
              if lowernamespace.find(u'backend.userland.com/rss') <> -1:
                  # match any backend.userland.com namespace
                  namespace = u'http://backend.userland.com/rss'
                  lowernamespace = namespace
              if qname and qname.find(':') > 0:
                  givenprefix = qname.split(':')[0]
              else:
                  givenprefix = None
              prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, givenprefix)
              if givenprefix and (prefix == None or (prefix == '' and lowernamespace == '')) and givenprefix not in self.namespacesInUse:
                  raise UndeclaredNamespace, "'%s' is not associated with a namespace" % givenprefix
              localname = str(localname).lower()
  
              # qname implementation is horribly broken in Python 2.1 (it
              # doesn't report any), and slightly broken in Python 2.2 (it
              # doesn't report the xml: namespace). So we match up namespaces
              # with a known list first, and then possibly override them with
              # the qnames the SAX parser gives us (if indeed it gives us any
              # at all).  Thanks to MatejC for helping me test this and
              # tirelessly telling me that it didn't work yet.
              attrsD, self.decls = self.decls, {}
              if localname=='math' and namespace=='http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML':
                  attrsD['xmlns']=namespace
              if localname=='svg' and namespace=='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg':
                  attrsD['xmlns']=namespace
  
              if prefix:
                  localname = prefix.lower() + ':' + localname
              elif namespace and not qname: #Expat
                  for name,value in self.namespacesInUse.items():
                      if name and value == namespace:
                          localname = name + ':' + localname
                          break
  
              for (namespace, attrlocalname), attrvalue in attrs.items():
                  lowernamespace = (namespace or '').lower()
                  prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, '')
                  if prefix:
                      attrlocalname = prefix + ':' + attrlocalname
                  attrsD[str(attrlocalname).lower()] = attrvalue
              for qname in attrs.getQNames():
                  attrsD[str(qname).lower()] = attrs.getValueByQName(qname)
              self.unknown_starttag(localname, attrsD.items())
  
          def characters(self, text):
              self.handle_data(text)
  
          def endElementNS(self, name, qname):
              namespace, localname = name
              lowernamespace = str(namespace or '').lower()
              if qname and qname.find(':') > 0:
                  givenprefix = qname.split(':')[0]
              else:
                  givenprefix = ''
              prefix = self._matchnamespaces.get(lowernamespace, givenprefix)
              if prefix:
                  localname = prefix + ':' + localname
              elif namespace and not qname: #Expat
                  for name,value in self.namespacesInUse.items():
                      if name and value == namespace:
                          localname = name + ':' + localname
                          break
              localname = str(localname).lower()
              self.unknown_endtag(localname)
  
          def error(self, exc):
              self.bozo = 1
              self.exc = exc
  
          # drv_libxml2 calls warning() in some cases
          warning = error
  
          def fatalError(self, exc):
              self.error(exc)
              raise exc
  
  class _BaseHTMLProcessor(sgmllib.SGMLParser):
      special = re.compile('''[<>'"]''')
      bare_ampersand = re.compile("&(?!#\d+;|#x[0-9a-fA-F]+;|\w+;)")
      elements_no_end_tag = set([
        'area', 'base', 'basefont', 'br', 'col', 'command', 'embed', 'frame',
        'hr', 'img', 'input', 'isindex', 'keygen', 'link', 'meta', 'param',
        'source', 'track', 'wbr'
      ])
  
      def __init__(self, encoding, _type):
          self.encoding = encoding
          self._type = _type
          sgmllib.SGMLParser.__init__(self)
  
      def reset(self):
          self.pieces = []
          sgmllib.SGMLParser.reset(self)
  
      def _shorttag_replace(self, match):
          tag = match.group(1)
          if tag in self.elements_no_end_tag:
              return '<' + tag + ' />'
          else:
              return '<' + tag + '></' + tag + '>'
  
      # By declaring these methods and overriding their compiled code
      # with the code from sgmllib, the original code will execute in
      # feedparser's scope instead of sgmllib's. This means that the
      # `tagfind` and `charref` regular expressions will be found as
      # they're declared above, not as they're declared in sgmllib.
      def goahead(self, i):
          pass
      goahead.func_code = sgmllib.SGMLParser.goahead.func_code
  
      def __parse_starttag(self, i):
          pass
      __parse_starttag.func_code = sgmllib.SGMLParser.parse_starttag.func_code
  
      def parse_starttag(self,i):
          j = self.__parse_starttag(i)
          if self._type == 'application/xhtml+xml':
              if j>2 and self.rawdata[j-2:j]=='/>':
                  self.unknown_endtag(self.lasttag)
          return j
  
      def feed(self, data):
          data = re.compile(r'<!((?!DOCTYPE|--|\[))', re.IGNORECASE).sub(r'&lt;!\1', data)
          data = re.sub(r'<([^<>\s]+?)\s*/>', self._shorttag_replace, data)
          data = data.replace('&#39;', "'")
          data = data.replace('&#34;', '"')
          try:
              bytes
              if bytes is str:
                  raise NameError
              self.encoding = self.encoding + u'_INVALID_PYTHON_3'
          except NameError:
              if self.encoding and isinstance(data, unicode):
                  data = data.encode(self.encoding)
          sgmllib.SGMLParser.feed(self, data)
          sgmllib.SGMLParser.close(self)
  
      def normalize_attrs(self, attrs):
          if not attrs:
              return attrs
          # utility method to be called by descendants
          attrs = dict([(k.lower(), v) for k, v in attrs]).items()
          attrs = [(k, k in ('rel', 'type') and v.lower() or v) for k, v in attrs]
          attrs.sort()
          return attrs
  
      def unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
          # called for each start tag
          # attrs is a list of (attr, value) tuples
          # e.g. for <pre class='screen'>, tag='pre', attrs=[('class', 'screen')]
          uattrs = []
          strattrs=''
          if attrs:
              for key, value in attrs:
                  value=value.replace('>','&gt;').replace('<','&lt;').replace('"','&quot;')
                  value = self.bare_ampersand.sub("&amp;", value)
                  # thanks to Kevin Marks for this breathtaking hack to deal with (valid) high-bit attribute values in UTF-8 feeds
                  if not isinstance(value, unicode):
                      value = value.decode(self.encoding, 'ignore')
                  try:
                      # Currently, in Python 3 the key is already a str, and cannot be decoded again
                      uattrs.append((unicode(key, self.encoding), value))
                  except TypeError:
                      uattrs.append((key, value))
              strattrs = u''.join([u' %s="%s"' % (key, value) for key, value in uattrs])
              if self.encoding:
                  try:
                      strattrs = strattrs.encode(self.encoding)
                  except (UnicodeEncodeError, LookupError):
                      pass
          if tag in self.elements_no_end_tag:
              self.pieces.append('<%s%s />' % (tag, strattrs))
          else:
              self.pieces.append('<%s%s>' % (tag, strattrs))
  
      def unknown_endtag(self, tag):
          # called for each end tag, e.g. for </pre>, tag will be 'pre'
          # Reconstruct the original end tag.
          if tag not in self.elements_no_end_tag:
              self.pieces.append("</%s>" % tag)
  
      def handle_charref(self, ref):
          # called for each character reference, e.g. for '&#160;', ref will be '160'
          # Reconstruct the original character reference.
          if ref.startswith('x'):
              value = int(ref[1:], 16)
          else:
              value = int(ref)
  
          if value in _cp1252:
              self.pieces.append('&#%s;' % hex(ord(_cp1252[value]))[1:])
          else:
              self.pieces.append('&#%s;' % ref)
  
      def handle_entityref(self, ref):
          # called for each entity reference, e.g. for '&copy;', ref will be 'copy'
          # Reconstruct the original entity reference.
          if ref in name2codepoint or ref == 'apos':
              self.pieces.append('&%s;' % ref)
          else:
              self.pieces.append('&amp;%s' % ref)
  
      def handle_data(self, text):
          # called for each block of plain text, i.e. outside of any tag and
          # not containing any character or entity references
          # Store the original text verbatim.
          self.pieces.append(text)
  
      def handle_comment(self, text):
          # called for each HTML comment, e.g. <!-- insert Javascript code here -->
          # Reconstruct the original comment.
          self.pieces.append('<!--%s-->' % text)
  
      def handle_pi(self, text):
          # called for each processing instruction, e.g. <?instruction>
          # Reconstruct original processing instruction.
          self.pieces.append('<?%s>' % text)
  
      def handle_decl(self, text):
          # called for the DOCTYPE, if present, e.g.
          # <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
          #     "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
          # Reconstruct original DOCTYPE
          self.pieces.append('<!%s>' % text)
  
      _new_declname_match = re.compile(r'[a-zA-Z][-_.a-zA-Z0-9:]*\s*').match
      def _scan_name(self, i, declstartpos):
          rawdata = self.rawdata
          n = len(rawdata)
          if i == n:
              return None, -1
          m = self._new_declname_match(rawdata, i)
          if m:
              s = m.group()
              name = s.strip()
              if (i + len(s)) == n:
                  return None, -1  # end of buffer
              return name.lower(), m.end()
          else:
              self.handle_data(rawdata)
  #            self.updatepos(declstartpos, i)
              return None, -1
  
      def convert_charref(self, name):
          return '&#%s;' % name
  
      def convert_entityref(self, name):
          return '&%s;' % name
  
      def output(self):
          '''Return processed HTML as a single string'''
          return ''.join([str(p) for p in self.pieces])
  
      def parse_declaration(self, i):
          try:
              return sgmllib.SGMLParser.parse_declaration(self, i)
          except sgmllib.SGMLParseError:
              # escape the doctype declaration and continue parsing
              self.handle_data('&lt;')
              return i+1
  
  class _LooseFeedParser(_FeedParserMixin, _BaseHTMLProcessor):
      def __init__(self, baseuri, baselang, encoding, entities):
          sgmllib.SGMLParser.__init__(self)
          _FeedParserMixin.__init__(self, baseuri, baselang, encoding)
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.__init__(self, encoding, 'application/xhtml+xml')
          self.entities=entities
  
      def decodeEntities(self, element, data):
          data = data.replace('&#60;', '&lt;')
          data = data.replace('&#x3c;', '&lt;')
          data = data.replace('&#x3C;', '&lt;')
          data = data.replace('&#62;', '&gt;')
          data = data.replace('&#x3e;', '&gt;')
          data = data.replace('&#x3E;', '&gt;')
          data = data.replace('&#38;', '&amp;')
          data = data.replace('&#x26;', '&amp;')
          data = data.replace('&#34;', '&quot;')
          data = data.replace('&#x22;', '&quot;')
          data = data.replace('&#39;', '&apos;')
          data = data.replace('&#x27;', '&apos;')
          if not self.contentparams.get('type', u'xml').endswith(u'xml'):
              data = data.replace('&lt;', '<')
              data = data.replace('&gt;', '>')
              data = data.replace('&amp;', '&')
              data = data.replace('&quot;', '"')
              data = data.replace('&apos;', "'")
          return data
  
      def strattrs(self, attrs):
          return ''.join([' %s="%s"' % (n,v.replace('"','&quot;')) for n,v in attrs])
  
  class _MicroformatsParser:
      STRING = 1
      DATE = 2
      URI = 3
      NODE = 4
      EMAIL = 5
  
      known_xfn_relationships = set(['contact', 'acquaintance', 'friend', 'met', 'co-worker', 'coworker', 'colleague', 'co-resident', 'coresident', 'neighbor', 'child', 'parent', 'sibling', 'brother', 'sister', 'spouse', 'wife', 'husband', 'kin', 'relative', 'muse', 'crush', 'date', 'sweetheart', 'me'])
      known_binary_extensions =  set(['zip','rar','exe','gz','tar','tgz','tbz2','bz2','z','7z','dmg','img','sit','sitx','hqx','deb','rpm','bz2','jar','rar','iso','bin','msi','mp2','mp3','ogg','ogm','mp4','m4v','m4a','avi','wma','wmv'])
  
      def __init__(self, data, baseuri, encoding):
          self.document = BeautifulSoup.BeautifulSoup(data)
          self.baseuri = baseuri
          self.encoding = encoding
          if isinstance(data, unicode):
              data = data.encode(encoding)
          self.tags = []
          self.enclosures = []
          self.xfn = []
          self.vcard = None
  
      def vcardEscape(self, s):
          if isinstance(s, basestring):
              s = s.replace(',', '\\,').replace(';', '\\;').replace('\n', '\\n')
          return s
  
      def vcardFold(self, s):
          s = re.sub(';+$', '', s)
          sFolded = ''
          iMax = 75
          sPrefix = ''
          while len(s) > iMax:
              sFolded += sPrefix + s[:iMax] + '\n'
              s = s[iMax:]
              sPrefix = ' '
              iMax = 74
          sFolded += sPrefix + s
          return sFolded
  
      def normalize(self, s):
          return re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', s).strip()
  
      def unique(self, aList):
          results = []
          for element in aList:
              if element not in results:
                  results.append(element)
          return results
  
      def toISO8601(self, dt):
          return time.strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ', dt)
  
      def getPropertyValue(self, elmRoot, sProperty, iPropertyType=4, bAllowMultiple=0, bAutoEscape=0):
          all = lambda x: 1
          sProperty = sProperty.lower()
          bFound = 0
          bNormalize = 1
          propertyMatch = {'class': re.compile(r'\b%s\b' % sProperty)}
          if bAllowMultiple and (iPropertyType != self.NODE):
              snapResults = []
              containers = elmRoot(['ul', 'ol'], propertyMatch)
              for container in containers:
                  snapResults.extend(container('li'))
              bFound = (len(snapResults) != 0)
          if not bFound:
              snapResults = elmRoot(all, propertyMatch)
              bFound = (len(snapResults) != 0)
          if (not bFound) and (sProperty == 'value'):
              snapResults = elmRoot('pre')
              bFound = (len(snapResults) != 0)
              bNormalize = not bFound
              if not bFound:
                  snapResults = [elmRoot]
                  bFound = (len(snapResults) != 0)
          arFilter = []
          if sProperty == 'vcard':
              snapFilter = elmRoot(all, propertyMatch)
              for node in snapFilter:
                  if node.findParent(all, propertyMatch):
                      arFilter.append(node)
          arResults = []
          for node in snapResults:
              if node not in arFilter:
                  arResults.append(node)
          bFound = (len(arResults) != 0)
          if not bFound:
              if bAllowMultiple:
                  return []
              elif iPropertyType == self.STRING:
                  return ''
              elif iPropertyType == self.DATE:
                  return None
              elif iPropertyType == self.URI:
                  return ''
              elif iPropertyType == self.NODE:
                  return None
              else:
                  return None
          arValues = []
          for elmResult in arResults:
              sValue = None
              if iPropertyType == self.NODE:
                  if bAllowMultiple:
                      arValues.append(elmResult)
                      continue
                  else:
                      return elmResult
              sNodeName = elmResult.name.lower()
              if (iPropertyType == self.EMAIL) and (sNodeName == 'a'):
                  sValue = (elmResult.get('href') or '').split('mailto:').pop().split('?')[0]
              if sValue:
                  sValue = bNormalize and self.normalize(sValue) or sValue.strip()
              if (not sValue) and (sNodeName == 'abbr'):
                  sValue = elmResult.get('title')
              if sValue:
                  sValue = bNormalize and self.normalize(sValue) or sValue.strip()
              if (not sValue) and (iPropertyType == self.URI):
                  if sNodeName == 'a':
                      sValue = elmResult.get('href')
                  elif sNodeName == 'img':
                      sValue = elmResult.get('src')
                  elif sNodeName == 'object':
                      sValue = elmResult.get('data')
              if sValue:
                  sValue = bNormalize and self.normalize(sValue) or sValue.strip()
              if (not sValue) and (sNodeName == 'img'):
                  sValue = elmResult.get('alt')
              if sValue:
                  sValue = bNormalize and self.normalize(sValue) or sValue.strip()
              if not sValue:
                  sValue = elmResult.renderContents()
                  sValue = re.sub(r'<\S[^>]*>', '', sValue)
                  sValue = sValue.replace('\r\n', '\n')
                  sValue = sValue.replace('\r', '\n')
              if sValue:
                  sValue = bNormalize and self.normalize(sValue) or sValue.strip()
              if not sValue:
                  continue
              if iPropertyType == self.DATE:
                  sValue = _parse_date_iso8601(sValue)
              if bAllowMultiple:
                  arValues.append(bAutoEscape and self.vcardEscape(sValue) or sValue)
              else:
                  return bAutoEscape and self.vcardEscape(sValue) or sValue
          return arValues
  
      def findVCards(self, elmRoot, bAgentParsing=0):
          sVCards = ''
  
          if not bAgentParsing:
              arCards = self.getPropertyValue(elmRoot, 'vcard', bAllowMultiple=1)
          else:
              arCards = [elmRoot]
  
          for elmCard in arCards:
              arLines = []
  
              def processSingleString(sProperty):
                  sValue = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, sProperty, self.STRING, bAutoEscape=1).decode(self.encoding)
                  if sValue:
                      arLines.append(self.vcardFold(sProperty.upper() + ':' + sValue))
                  return sValue or u''
  
              def processSingleURI(sProperty):
                  sValue = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, sProperty, self.URI)
                  if sValue:
                      sContentType = ''
                      sEncoding = ''
                      sValueKey = ''
                      if sValue.startswith('data:'):
                          sEncoding = ';ENCODING=b'
                          sContentType = sValue.split(';')[0].split('/').pop()
                          sValue = sValue.split(',', 1).pop()
                      else:
                          elmValue = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, sProperty)
                          if elmValue:
                              if sProperty != 'url':
                                  sValueKey = ';VALUE=uri'
                              sContentType = elmValue.get('type', '').strip().split('/').pop().strip()
                      sContentType = sContentType.upper()
                      if sContentType == 'OCTET-STREAM':
                          sContentType = ''
                      if sContentType:
                          sContentType = ';TYPE=' + sContentType.upper()
                      arLines.append(self.vcardFold(sProperty.upper() + sEncoding + sContentType + sValueKey + ':' + sValue))
  
              def processTypeValue(sProperty, arDefaultType, arForceType=None):
                  arResults = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, sProperty, bAllowMultiple=1)
                  for elmResult in arResults:
                      arType = self.getPropertyValue(elmResult, 'type', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                      if arForceType:
                          arType = self.unique(arForceType + arType)
                      if not arType:
                          arType = arDefaultType
                      sValue = self.getPropertyValue(elmResult, 'value', self.EMAIL, 0)
                      if sValue:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold(sProperty.upper() + ';TYPE=' + ','.join(arType) + ':' + sValue))
  
              # AGENT
              # must do this before all other properties because it is destructive
              # (removes nested class="vcard" nodes so they don't interfere with
              # this vcard's other properties)
              arAgent = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'agent', bAllowMultiple=1)
              for elmAgent in arAgent:
                  if re.compile(r'\bvcard\b').search(elmAgent.get('class')):
                      sAgentValue = self.findVCards(elmAgent, 1) + '\n'
                      sAgentValue = sAgentValue.replace('\n', '\\n')
                      sAgentValue = sAgentValue.replace(';', '\\;')
                      if sAgentValue:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold('AGENT:' + sAgentValue))
                      # Completely remove the agent element from the parse tree
                      elmAgent.extract()
                  else:
                      sAgentValue = self.getPropertyValue(elmAgent, 'value', self.URI, bAutoEscape=1);
                      if sAgentValue:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold('AGENT;VALUE=uri:' + sAgentValue))
  
              # FN (full name)
              sFN = processSingleString('fn')
  
              # N (name)
              elmName = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'n')
              if elmName:
                  sFamilyName = self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'family-name', self.STRING, bAutoEscape=1)
                  sGivenName = self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'given-name', self.STRING, bAutoEscape=1)
                  arAdditionalNames = self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'additional-name', self.STRING, 1, 1) + self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'additional-names', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                  arHonorificPrefixes = self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'honorific-prefix', self.STRING, 1, 1) + self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'honorific-prefixes', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                  arHonorificSuffixes = self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'honorific-suffix', self.STRING, 1, 1) + self.getPropertyValue(elmName, 'honorific-suffixes', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('N:' + sFamilyName + ';' +
                                           sGivenName + ';' +
                                           ','.join(arAdditionalNames) + ';' +
                                           ','.join(arHonorificPrefixes) + ';' +
                                           ','.join(arHonorificSuffixes)))
              elif sFN:
                  # implied "N" optimization
                  # http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard#Implied_.22N.22_Optimization
                  arNames = self.normalize(sFN).split()
                  if len(arNames) == 2:
                      bFamilyNameFirst = (arNames[0].endswith(',') or
                                          len(arNames[1]) == 1 or
                                          ((len(arNames[1]) == 2) and (arNames[1].endswith('.'))))
                      if bFamilyNameFirst:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold('N:' + arNames[0] + ';' + arNames[1]))
                      else:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold('N:' + arNames[1] + ';' + arNames[0]))
  
              # SORT-STRING
              sSortString = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'sort-string', self.STRING, bAutoEscape=1)
              if sSortString:
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('SORT-STRING:' + sSortString))
  
              # NICKNAME
              arNickname = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'nickname', self.STRING, 1, 1)
              if arNickname:
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('NICKNAME:' + ','.join(arNickname)))
  
              # PHOTO
              processSingleURI('photo')
  
              # BDAY
              dtBday = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'bday', self.DATE)
              if dtBday:
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('BDAY:' + self.toISO8601(dtBday)))
  
              # ADR (address)
              arAdr = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'adr', bAllowMultiple=1)
              for elmAdr in arAdr:
                  arType = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'type', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                  if not arType:
                      arType = ['intl','postal','parcel','work'] # default adr types, see RFC 2426 section 3.2.1
                  sPostOfficeBox = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'post-office-box', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sExtendedAddress = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'extended-address', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sStreetAddress = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'street-address', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sLocality = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'locality', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sRegion = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'region', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sPostalCode = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'postal-code', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sCountryName = self.getPropertyValue(elmAdr, 'country-name', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('ADR;TYPE=' + ','.join(arType) + ':' +
                                           sPostOfficeBox + ';' +
                                           sExtendedAddress + ';' +
                                           sStreetAddress + ';' +
                                           sLocality + ';' +
                                           sRegion + ';' +
                                           sPostalCode + ';' +
                                           sCountryName))
  
              # LABEL
              processTypeValue('label', ['intl','postal','parcel','work'])
  
              # TEL (phone number)
              processTypeValue('tel', ['voice'])
  
              # EMAIL
              processTypeValue('email', ['internet'], ['internet'])
  
              # MAILER
              processSingleString('mailer')
  
              # TZ (timezone)
              processSingleString('tz')
  
              # GEO (geographical information)
              elmGeo = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'geo')
              if elmGeo:
                  sLatitude = self.getPropertyValue(elmGeo, 'latitude', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  sLongitude = self.getPropertyValue(elmGeo, 'longitude', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('GEO:' + sLatitude + ';' + sLongitude))
  
              # TITLE
              processSingleString('title')
  
              # ROLE
              processSingleString('role')
  
              # LOGO
              processSingleURI('logo')
  
              # ORG (organization)
              elmOrg = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'org')
              if elmOrg:
                  sOrganizationName = self.getPropertyValue(elmOrg, 'organization-name', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                  if not sOrganizationName:
                      # implied "organization-name" optimization
                      # http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard#Implied_.22organization-name.22_Optimization
                      sOrganizationName = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'org', self.STRING, 0, 1)
                      if sOrganizationName:
                          arLines.append(self.vcardFold('ORG:' + sOrganizationName))
                  else:
                      arOrganizationUnit = self.getPropertyValue(elmOrg, 'organization-unit', self.STRING, 1, 1)
                      arLines.append(self.vcardFold('ORG:' + sOrganizationName + ';' + ';'.join(arOrganizationUnit)))
  
              # CATEGORY
              arCategory = self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'category', self.STRING, 1, 1) + self.getPropertyValue(elmCard, 'categories', self.STRING, 1, 1)
              if arCategory:
                  arLines.append(self.vcardFold('CATEGORIES:' + ','.join(arCategory)))
  
              # NOTE
              processSingleString('note')
  
              # REV
              processSingleString('rev')
  
              # SOUND
              processSingleURI('sound')
  
              # UID
              processSingleString('uid')
  
              # URL
              processSingleURI('url')
  
              # CLASS
              processSingleString('class')
  
              # KEY
              processSingleURI('key')
  
              if arLines:
                  arLines = [u'BEGIN:vCard',u'VERSION:3.0'] + arLines + [u'END:vCard']
                  # XXX - this is super ugly; properly fix this with issue 148
                  for i, s in enumerate(arLines):
                      if not isinstance(s, unicode):
                          arLines[i] = s.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
                  sVCards += u'\n'.join(arLines) + u'\n'
  
          return sVCards.strip()
  
      def isProbablyDownloadable(self, elm):
          attrsD = elm.attrMap
          if 'href' not in attrsD:
              return 0
          linktype = attrsD.get('type', '').strip()
          if linktype.startswith('audio/') or \
             linktype.startswith('video/') or \
             (linktype.startswith('application/') and not linktype.endswith('xml')):
              return 1
          path = urlparse.urlparse(attrsD['href'])[2]
          if path.find('.') == -1:
              return 0
          fileext = path.split('.').pop().lower()
          return fileext in self.known_binary_extensions
  
      def findTags(self):
          all = lambda x: 1
          for elm in self.document(all, {'rel': re.compile(r'\btag\b')}):
              href = elm.get('href')
              if not href:
                  continue
              urlscheme, domain, path, params, query, fragment = \
                         urlparse.urlparse(_urljoin(self.baseuri, href))
              segments = path.split('/')
              tag = segments.pop()
              if not tag:
                  if segments:
                      tag = segments.pop()
                  else:
                      # there are no tags
                      continue
              tagscheme = urlparse.urlunparse((urlscheme, domain, '/'.join(segments), '', '', ''))
              if not tagscheme.endswith('/'):
                  tagscheme += '/'
              self.tags.append(FeedParserDict({"term": tag, "scheme": tagscheme, "label": elm.string or ''}))
  
      def findEnclosures(self):
          all = lambda x: 1
          enclosure_match = re.compile(r'\benclosure\b')
          for elm in self.document(all, {'href': re.compile(r'.+')}):
              if not enclosure_match.search(elm.get('rel', u'')) and not self.isProbablyDownloadable(elm):
                  continue
              if elm.attrMap not in self.enclosures:
                  self.enclosures.append(elm.attrMap)
                  if elm.string and not elm.get('title'):
                      self.enclosures[-1]['title'] = elm.string
  
      def findXFN(self):
          all = lambda x: 1
          for elm in self.document(all, {'rel': re.compile('.+'), 'href': re.compile('.+')}):
              rels = elm.get('rel', u'').split()
              xfn_rels = [r for r in rels if r in self.known_xfn_relationships]
              if xfn_rels:
                  self.xfn.append({"relationships": xfn_rels, "href": elm.get('href', ''), "name": elm.string})
  
  def _parseMicroformats(htmlSource, baseURI, encoding):
      if not BeautifulSoup:
          return
      try:
          p = _MicroformatsParser(htmlSource, baseURI, encoding)
      except UnicodeEncodeError:
          # sgmllib throws this exception when performing lookups of tags
          # with non-ASCII characters in them.
          return
      p.vcard = p.findVCards(p.document)
      p.findTags()
      p.findEnclosures()
      p.findXFN()
      return {"tags": p.tags, "enclosures": p.enclosures, "xfn": p.xfn, "vcard": p.vcard}
  
  class _RelativeURIResolver(_BaseHTMLProcessor):
      relative_uris = set([('a', 'href'),
                       ('applet', 'codebase'),
                       ('area', 'href'),
                       ('blockquote', 'cite'),
                       ('body', 'background'),
                       ('del', 'cite'),
                       ('form', 'action'),
                       ('frame', 'longdesc'),
                       ('frame', 'src'),
                       ('iframe', 'longdesc'),
                       ('iframe', 'src'),
                       ('head', 'profile'),
                       ('img', 'longdesc'),
                       ('img', 'src'),
                       ('img', 'usemap'),
                       ('input', 'src'),
                       ('input', 'usemap'),
                       ('ins', 'cite'),
                       ('link', 'href'),
                       ('object', 'classid'),
                       ('object', 'codebase'),
                       ('object', 'data'),
                       ('object', 'usemap'),
                       ('q', 'cite'),
                       ('script', 'src')])
  
      def __init__(self, baseuri, encoding, _type):
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.__init__(self, encoding, _type)
          self.baseuri = baseuri
  
      def resolveURI(self, uri):
          return _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(self.baseuri, uri.strip())
  
      def unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
          attrs = self.normalize_attrs(attrs)
          attrs = [(key, ((tag, key) in self.relative_uris) and self.resolveURI(value) or value) for key, value in attrs]
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs)
  
  def _resolveRelativeURIs(htmlSource, baseURI, encoding, _type):
      if not _SGML_AVAILABLE:
          return htmlSource
  
      p = _RelativeURIResolver(baseURI, encoding, _type)
      p.feed(htmlSource)
      return p.output()
  
  def _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(base, rel=None):
      # bail if ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES is empty
      if not ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
          try:
              return _urljoin(base, rel or u'')
          except ValueError:
              return u''
      if not base:
          return rel or u''
      if not rel:
          try:
              scheme = urlparse.urlparse(base)[0]
          except ValueError:
              return u''
          if not scheme or scheme in ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
              return base
          return u''
      try:
          uri = _urljoin(base, rel)
      except ValueError:
          return u''
      if uri.strip().split(':', 1)[0] not in ACCEPTABLE_URI_SCHEMES:
          return u''
      return uri
  
  class _HTMLSanitizer(_BaseHTMLProcessor):
      acceptable_elements = set(['a', 'abbr', 'acronym', 'address', 'area',
          'article', 'aside', 'audio', 'b', 'big', 'blockquote', 'br', 'button',
          'canvas', 'caption', 'center', 'cite', 'code', 'col', 'colgroup',
          'command', 'datagrid', 'datalist', 'dd', 'del', 'details', 'dfn',
          'dialog', 'dir', 'div', 'dl', 'dt', 'em', 'event-source', 'fieldset',
          'figcaption', 'figure', 'footer', 'font', 'form', 'header', 'h1',
          'h2', 'h3', 'h4', 'h5', 'h6', 'hr', 'i', 'img', 'input', 'ins',
          'keygen', 'kbd', 'label', 'legend', 'li', 'm', 'map', 'menu', 'meter',
          'multicol', 'nav', 'nextid', 'ol', 'output', 'optgroup', 'option',
          'p', 'pre', 'progress', 'q', 's', 'samp', 'section', 'select',
          'small', 'sound', 'source', 'spacer', 'span', 'strike', 'strong',
          'sub', 'sup', 'table', 'tbody', 'td', 'textarea', 'time', 'tfoot',
          'th', 'thead', 'tr', 'tt', 'u', 'ul', 'var', 'video', 'noscript'])
  
      acceptable_attributes = set(['abbr', 'accept', 'accept-charset', 'accesskey',
        'action', 'align', 'alt', 'autocomplete', 'autofocus', 'axis',
        'background', 'balance', 'bgcolor', 'bgproperties', 'border',
        'bordercolor', 'bordercolordark', 'bordercolorlight', 'bottompadding',
        'cellpadding', 'cellspacing', 'ch', 'challenge', 'char', 'charoff',
        'choff', 'charset', 'checked', 'cite', 'class', 'clear', 'color', 'cols',
        'colspan', 'compact', 'contenteditable', 'controls', 'coords', 'data',
        'datafld', 'datapagesize', 'datasrc', 'datetime', 'default', 'delay',
        'dir', 'disabled', 'draggable', 'dynsrc', 'enctype', 'end', 'face', 'for',
        'form', 'frame', 'galleryimg', 'gutter', 'headers', 'height', 'hidefocus',
        'hidden', 'high', 'href', 'hreflang', 'hspace', 'icon', 'id', 'inputmode',
        'ismap', 'keytype', 'label', 'leftspacing', 'lang', 'list', 'longdesc',
        'loop', 'loopcount', 'loopend', 'loopstart', 'low', 'lowsrc', 'max',
        'maxlength', 'media', 'method', 'min', 'multiple', 'name', 'nohref',
        'noshade', 'nowrap', 'open', 'optimum', 'pattern', 'ping', 'point-size',
        'prompt', 'pqg', 'radiogroup', 'readonly', 'rel', 'repeat-max',
        'repeat-min', 'replace', 'required', 'rev', 'rightspacing', 'rows',
        'rowspan', 'rules', 'scope', 'selected', 'shape', 'size', 'span', 'src',
        'start', 'step', 'summary', 'suppress', 'tabindex', 'target', 'template',
        'title', 'toppadding', 'type', 'unselectable', 'usemap', 'urn', 'valign',
        'value', 'variable', 'volume', 'vspace', 'vrml', 'width', 'wrap',
        'xml:lang'])
  
      unacceptable_elements_with_end_tag = set(['script', 'applet', 'style'])
  
      acceptable_css_properties = set(['azimuth', 'background-color',
        'border-bottom-color', 'border-collapse', 'border-color',
        'border-left-color', 'border-right-color', 'border-top-color', 'clear',
        'color', 'cursor', 'direction', 'display', 'elevation', 'float', 'font',
        'font-family', 'font-size', 'font-style', 'font-variant', 'font-weight',
        'height', 'letter-spacing', 'line-height', 'overflow', 'pause',
        'pause-after', 'pause-before', 'pitch', 'pitch-range', 'richness',
        'speak', 'speak-header', 'speak-numeral', 'speak-punctuation',
        'speech-rate', 'stress', 'text-align', 'text-decoration', 'text-indent',
        'unicode-bidi', 'vertical-align', 'voice-family', 'volume',
        'white-space', 'width'])
  
      # survey of common keywords found in feeds
      acceptable_css_keywords = set(['auto', 'aqua', 'black', 'block', 'blue',
        'bold', 'both', 'bottom', 'brown', 'center', 'collapse', 'dashed',
        'dotted', 'fuchsia', 'gray', 'green', '!important', 'italic', 'left',
        'lime', 'maroon', 'medium', 'none', 'navy', 'normal', 'nowrap', 'olive',
        'pointer', 'purple', 'red', 'right', 'solid', 'silver', 'teal', 'top',
        'transparent', 'underline', 'white', 'yellow'])
  
      valid_css_values = re.compile('^(#[0-9a-f]+|rgb\(\d+%?,\d*%?,?\d*%?\)?|' +
        '\d{0,2}\.?\d{0,2}(cm|em|ex|in|mm|pc|pt|px|%|,|\))?)$')
  
      mathml_elements = set(['annotation', 'annotation-xml', 'maction', 'math',
        'merror', 'mfenced', 'mfrac', 'mi', 'mmultiscripts', 'mn', 'mo', 'mover', 'mpadded',
        'mphantom', 'mprescripts', 'mroot', 'mrow', 'mspace', 'msqrt', 'mstyle',
        'msub', 'msubsup', 'msup', 'mtable', 'mtd', 'mtext', 'mtr', 'munder',
        'munderover', 'none', 'semantics'])
  
      mathml_attributes = set(['actiontype', 'align', 'columnalign', 'columnalign',
        'columnalign', 'close', 'columnlines', 'columnspacing', 'columnspan', 'depth',
        'display', 'displaystyle', 'encoding', 'equalcolumns', 'equalrows',
        'fence', 'fontstyle', 'fontweight', 'frame', 'height', 'linethickness',
        'lspace', 'mathbackground', 'mathcolor', 'mathvariant', 'mathvariant',
        'maxsize', 'minsize', 'open', 'other', 'rowalign', 'rowalign', 'rowalign',
        'rowlines', 'rowspacing', 'rowspan', 'rspace', 'scriptlevel', 'selection',
        'separator', 'separators', 'stretchy', 'width', 'width', 'xlink:href',
        'xlink:show', 'xlink:type', 'xmlns', 'xmlns:xlink'])
  
      # svgtiny - foreignObject + linearGradient + radialGradient + stop
      svg_elements = set(['a', 'animate', 'animateColor', 'animateMotion',
        'animateTransform', 'circle', 'defs', 'desc', 'ellipse', 'foreignObject',
        'font-face', 'font-face-name', 'font-face-src', 'g', 'glyph', 'hkern',
        'linearGradient', 'line', 'marker', 'metadata', 'missing-glyph', 'mpath',
        'path', 'polygon', 'polyline', 'radialGradient', 'rect', 'set', 'stop',
        'svg', 'switch', 'text', 'title', 'tspan', 'use'])
  
      # svgtiny + class + opacity + offset + xmlns + xmlns:xlink
      svg_attributes = set(['accent-height', 'accumulate', 'additive', 'alphabetic',
         'arabic-form', 'ascent', 'attributeName', 'attributeType',
         'baseProfile', 'bbox', 'begin', 'by', 'calcMode', 'cap-height',
         'class', 'color', 'color-rendering', 'content', 'cx', 'cy', 'd', 'dx',
         'dy', 'descent', 'display', 'dur', 'end', 'fill', 'fill-opacity',
         'fill-rule', 'font-family', 'font-size', 'font-stretch', 'font-style',
         'font-variant', 'font-weight', 'from', 'fx', 'fy', 'g1', 'g2',
         'glyph-name', 'gradientUnits', 'hanging', 'height', 'horiz-adv-x',
         'horiz-origin-x', 'id', 'ideographic', 'k', 'keyPoints', 'keySplines',
         'keyTimes', 'lang', 'mathematical', 'marker-end', 'marker-mid',
         'marker-start', 'markerHeight', 'markerUnits', 'markerWidth', 'max',
         'min', 'name', 'offset', 'opacity', 'orient', 'origin',
         'overline-position', 'overline-thickness', 'panose-1', 'path',
         'pathLength', 'points', 'preserveAspectRatio', 'r', 'refX', 'refY',
         'repeatCount', 'repeatDur', 'requiredExtensions', 'requiredFeatures',
         'restart', 'rotate', 'rx', 'ry', 'slope', 'stemh', 'stemv',
         'stop-color', 'stop-opacity', 'strikethrough-position',
         'strikethrough-thickness', 'stroke', 'stroke-dasharray',
         'stroke-dashoffset', 'stroke-linecap', 'stroke-linejoin',
         'stroke-miterlimit', 'stroke-opacity', 'stroke-width', 'systemLanguage',
         'target', 'text-anchor', 'to', 'transform', 'type', 'u1', 'u2',
         'underline-position', 'underline-thickness', 'unicode', 'unicode-range',
         'units-per-em', 'values', 'version', 'viewBox', 'visibility', 'width',
         'widths', 'x', 'x-height', 'x1', 'x2', 'xlink:actuate', 'xlink:arcrole',
         'xlink:href', 'xlink:role', 'xlink:show', 'xlink:title', 'xlink:type',
         'xml:base', 'xml:lang', 'xml:space', 'xmlns', 'xmlns:xlink', 'y', 'y1',
         'y2', 'zoomAndPan'])
  
      svg_attr_map = None
      svg_elem_map = None
  
      acceptable_svg_properties = set([ 'fill', 'fill-opacity', 'fill-rule',
        'stroke', 'stroke-width', 'stroke-linecap', 'stroke-linejoin',
        'stroke-opacity'])
  
      def reset(self):
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.reset(self)
          self.unacceptablestack = 0
          self.mathmlOK = 0
          self.svgOK = 0
  
      def unknown_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
          acceptable_attributes = self.acceptable_attributes
          keymap = {}
          if not tag in self.acceptable_elements or self.svgOK:
              if tag in self.unacceptable_elements_with_end_tag:
                  self.unacceptablestack += 1
  
              # add implicit namespaces to html5 inline svg/mathml
              if self._type.endswith('html'):
                  if not dict(attrs).get('xmlns'):
                      if tag=='svg':
                          attrs.append( ('xmlns','http://www.w3.org/2000/svg') )
                      if tag=='math':
                          attrs.append( ('xmlns','http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML') )
  
              # not otherwise acceptable, perhaps it is MathML or SVG?
              if tag=='math' and ('xmlns','http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML') in attrs:
                  self.mathmlOK += 1
              if tag=='svg' and ('xmlns','http://www.w3.org/2000/svg') in attrs:
                  self.svgOK += 1
  
              # chose acceptable attributes based on tag class, else bail
              if  self.mathmlOK and tag in self.mathml_elements:
                  acceptable_attributes = self.mathml_attributes
              elif self.svgOK and tag in self.svg_elements:
                  # for most vocabularies, lowercasing is a good idea.  Many
                  # svg elements, however, are camel case
                  if not self.svg_attr_map:
                      lower=[attr.lower() for attr in self.svg_attributes]
                      mix=[a for a in self.svg_attributes if a not in lower]
                      self.svg_attributes = lower
                      self.svg_attr_map = dict([(a.lower(),a) for a in mix])
  
                      lower=[attr.lower() for attr in self.svg_elements]
                      mix=[a for a in self.svg_elements if a not in lower]
                      self.svg_elements = lower
                      self.svg_elem_map = dict([(a.lower(),a) for a in mix])
                  acceptable_attributes = self.svg_attributes
                  tag = self.svg_elem_map.get(tag,tag)
                  keymap = self.svg_attr_map
              elif not tag in self.acceptable_elements:
                  return
  
          # declare xlink namespace, if needed
          if self.mathmlOK or self.svgOK:
              if filter(lambda (n,v): n.startswith('xlink:'),attrs):
                  if not ('xmlns:xlink','http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink') in attrs:
                      attrs.append(('xmlns:xlink','http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink'))
  
          clean_attrs = []
          for key, value in self.normalize_attrs(attrs):
              if key in acceptable_attributes:
                  key=keymap.get(key,key)
                  # make sure the uri uses an acceptable uri scheme
                  if key == u'href':
                      value = _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(value)
                  clean_attrs.append((key,value))
              elif key=='style':
                  clean_value = self.sanitize_style(value)
                  if clean_value:
                      clean_attrs.append((key,clean_value))
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.unknown_starttag(self, tag, clean_attrs)
  
      def unknown_endtag(self, tag):
          if not tag in self.acceptable_elements:
              if tag in self.unacceptable_elements_with_end_tag:
                  self.unacceptablestack -= 1
              if self.mathmlOK and tag in self.mathml_elements:
                  if tag == 'math' and self.mathmlOK:
                      self.mathmlOK -= 1
              elif self.svgOK and tag in self.svg_elements:
                  tag = self.svg_elem_map.get(tag,tag)
                  if tag == 'svg' and self.svgOK:
                      self.svgOK -= 1
              else:
                  return
          _BaseHTMLProcessor.unknown_endtag(self, tag)
  
      def handle_pi(self, text):
          pass
  
      def handle_decl(self, text):
          pass
  
      def handle_data(self, text):
          if not self.unacceptablestack:
              _BaseHTMLProcessor.handle_data(self, text)
  
      def sanitize_style(self, style):
          # disallow urls
          style=re.compile('url\s*\(\s*[^\s)]+?\s*\)\s*').sub(' ',style)
  
          # gauntlet
          if not re.match("""^([:,;#%.\sa-zA-Z0-9!]|\w-\w|'[\s\w]+'|"[\s\w]+"|\([\d,\s]+\))*$""", style):
              return ''
          # This replaced a regexp that used re.match and was prone to pathological back-tracking.
          if re.sub("\s*[-\w]+\s*:\s*[^:;]*;?", '', style).strip():
              return ''
  
          clean = []
          for prop,value in re.findall("([-\w]+)\s*:\s*([^:;]*)",style):
              if not value:
                  continue
              if prop.lower() in self.acceptable_css_properties:
                  clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
              elif prop.split('-')[0].lower() in ['background','border','margin','padding']:
                  for keyword in value.split():
                      if not keyword in self.acceptable_css_keywords and \
                          not self.valid_css_values.match(keyword):
                          break
                  else:
                      clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
              elif self.svgOK and prop.lower() in self.acceptable_svg_properties:
                  clean.append(prop + ': ' + value + ';')
  
          return ' '.join(clean)
  
      def parse_comment(self, i, report=1):
          ret = _BaseHTMLProcessor.parse_comment(self, i, report)
          if ret >= 0:
              return ret
          # if ret == -1, this may be a malicious attempt to circumvent
          # sanitization, or a page-destroying unclosed comment
          match = re.compile(r'--[^>]*>').search(self.rawdata, i+4)
          if match:
              return match.end()
          # unclosed comment; deliberately fail to handle_data()
          return len(self.rawdata)
  
  
  def _sanitizeHTML(htmlSource, encoding, _type):
      if not _SGML_AVAILABLE:
          return htmlSource
      p = _HTMLSanitizer(encoding, _type)
      htmlSource = htmlSource.replace('<![CDATA[', '&lt;![CDATA[')
      p.feed(htmlSource)
      data = p.output()
      if TIDY_MARKUP:
          # loop through list of preferred Tidy interfaces looking for one that's installed,
          # then set up a common _tidy function to wrap the interface-specific API.
          _tidy = None
          for tidy_interface in PREFERRED_TIDY_INTERFACES:
              try:
                  if tidy_interface == "uTidy":
                      from tidy import parseString as _utidy
                      def _tidy(data, **kwargs):
                          return str(_utidy(data, **kwargs))
                      break
                  elif tidy_interface == "mxTidy":
                      from mx.Tidy import Tidy as _mxtidy
                      def _tidy(data, **kwargs):
                          nerrors, nwarnings, data, errordata = _mxtidy.tidy(data, **kwargs)
                          return data
                      break
              except:
                  pass
          if _tidy:
              utf8 = isinstance(data, unicode)
              if utf8:
                  data = data.encode('utf-8')
              data = _tidy(data, output_xhtml=1, numeric_entities=1, wrap=0, char_encoding="utf8")
              if utf8:
                  data = unicode(data, 'utf-8')
              if data.count('<body'):
                  data = data.split('<body', 1)[1]
                  if data.count('>'):
                      data = data.split('>', 1)[1]
              if data.count('</body'):
                  data = data.split('</body', 1)[0]
      data = data.strip().replace('\r\n', '\n')
      return data
  
  class _FeedURLHandler(urllib2.HTTPDigestAuthHandler, urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler, urllib2.HTTPDefaultErrorHandler):
      def http_error_default(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
          # The default implementation just raises HTTPError.
          # Forget that.
          fp.status = code
          return fp
  
      def http_error_301(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs):
          result = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler.http_error_301(self, req, fp,
                                                              code, msg, hdrs)
          result.status = code
          result.newurl = result.geturl()
          return result
      # The default implementations in urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler
      # are identical, so hardcoding a http_error_301 call above
      # won't affect anything
      http_error_300 = http_error_301
      http_error_302 = http_error_301
      http_error_303 = http_error_301
      http_error_307 = http_error_301
  
      def http_error_401(self, req, fp, code, msg, headers):
          # Check if
          # - server requires digest auth, AND
          # - we tried (unsuccessfully) with basic auth, AND
          # If all conditions hold, parse authentication information
          # out of the Authorization header we sent the first time
          # (for the username and password) and the WWW-Authenticate
          # header the server sent back (for the realm) and retry
          # the request with the appropriate digest auth headers instead.
          # This evil genius hack has been brought to you by Aaron Swartz.
          host = urlparse.urlparse(req.get_full_url())[1]
          if base64 is None or 'Authorization' not in req.headers \
                            or 'WWW-Authenticate' not in headers:
              return self.http_error_default(req, fp, code, msg, headers)
          auth = _base64decode(req.headers['Authorization'].split(' ')[1])
          user, passw = auth.split(':')
          realm = re.findall('realm="([^"]*)"', headers['WWW-Authenticate'])[0]
          self.add_password(realm, host, user, passw)
          retry = self.http_error_auth_reqed('www-authenticate', host, req, headers)
          self.reset_retry_count()
          return retry
  
  def _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, handlers, request_headers):
      """URL, filename, or string --> stream
  
      This function lets you define parsers that take any input source
      (URL, pathname to local or network file, or actual data as a string)
      and deal with it in a uniform manner.  Returned object is guaranteed
      to have all the basic stdio read methods (read, readline, readlines).
      Just .close() the object when you're done with it.
  
      If the etag argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of an
      If-None-Match request header.
  
      If the modified argument is supplied, it can be a tuple of 9 integers
      (as returned by gmtime() in the standard Python time module) or a date
      string in any format supported by feedparser. Regardless, it MUST
      be in GMT (Greenwich Mean Time). It will be reformatted into an
      RFC 1123-compliant date and used as the value of an If-Modified-Since
      request header.
  
      If the agent argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of a
      User-Agent request header.
  
      If the referrer argument is supplied, it will be used as the value of a
      Referer[sic] request header.
  
      If handlers is supplied, it is a list of handlers used to build a
      urllib2 opener.
  
      if request_headers is supplied it is a dictionary of HTTP request headers
      that will override the values generated by FeedParser.
      """
  
      if hasattr(url_file_stream_or_string, 'read'):
          return url_file_stream_or_string
  
      if isinstance(url_file_stream_or_string, basestring) \
         and urlparse.urlparse(url_file_stream_or_string)[0] in ('http', 'https', 'ftp', 'file', 'feed'):
          # Deal with the feed URI scheme
          if url_file_stream_or_string.startswith('feed:http'):
              url_file_stream_or_string = url_file_stream_or_string[5:]
          elif url_file_stream_or_string.startswith('feed:'):
              url_file_stream_or_string = 'http:' + url_file_stream_or_string[5:]
          if not agent:
              agent = USER_AGENT
          # test for inline user:password for basic auth
          auth = None
          if base64:
              urltype, rest = urllib.splittype(url_file_stream_or_string)
              realhost, rest = urllib.splithost(rest)
              if realhost:
                  user_passwd, realhost = urllib.splituser(realhost)
                  if user_passwd:
                      url_file_stream_or_string = '%s://%s%s' % (urltype, realhost, rest)
                      auth = base64.standard_b64encode(user_passwd).strip()
  
          # iri support
          if isinstance(url_file_stream_or_string, unicode):
              url_file_stream_or_string = _convert_to_idn(url_file_stream_or_string)
  
          # try to open with urllib2 (to use optional headers)
          request = _build_urllib2_request(url_file_stream_or_string, agent, etag, modified, referrer, auth, request_headers)
          opener = urllib2.build_opener(*tuple(handlers + [_FeedURLHandler()]))
          opener.addheaders = [] # RMK - must clear so we only send our custom User-Agent
          try:
              return opener.open(request)
          finally:
              opener.close() # JohnD
  
      # try to open with native open function (if url_file_stream_or_string is a filename)
      try:
          return open(url_file_stream_or_string, 'rb')
      except (IOError, UnicodeEncodeError, TypeError):
          # if url_file_stream_or_string is a unicode object that
          # cannot be converted to the encoding returned by
          # sys.getfilesystemencoding(), a UnicodeEncodeError
          # will be thrown
          # If url_file_stream_or_string is a string that contains NULL
          # (such as an XML document encoded in UTF-32), TypeError will
          # be thrown.
          pass
  
      # treat url_file_stream_or_string as string
      if isinstance(url_file_stream_or_string, unicode):
          return _StringIO(url_file_stream_or_string.encode('utf-8'))
      return _StringIO(url_file_stream_or_string)
  
  def _convert_to_idn(url):
      """Convert a URL to IDN notation"""
      # this function should only be called with a unicode string
      # strategy: if the host cannot be encoded in ascii, then
      # it'll be necessary to encode it in idn form
      parts = list(urlparse.urlsplit(url))
      try:
          parts[1].encode('ascii')
      except UnicodeEncodeError:
          # the url needs to be converted to idn notation
          host = parts[1].rsplit(':', 1)
          newhost = []
          port = u''
          if len(host) == 2:
              port = host.pop()
          for h in host[0].split('.'):
              newhost.append(h.encode('idna').decode('utf-8'))
          parts[1] = '.'.join(newhost)
          if port:
              parts[1] += ':' + port
          return urlparse.urlunsplit(parts)
      else:
          return url
  
  def _build_urllib2_request(url, agent, etag, modified, referrer, auth, request_headers):
      request = urllib2.Request(url)
      request.add_header('User-Agent', agent)
      if etag:
          request.add_header('If-None-Match', etag)
      if isinstance(modified, basestring):
          modified = _parse_date(modified)
      elif isinstance(modified, datetime.datetime):
          modified = modified.utctimetuple()
      if modified:
          # format into an RFC 1123-compliant timestamp. We can't use
          # time.strftime() since the %a and %b directives can be affected
          # by the current locale, but RFC 2616 states that dates must be
          # in English.
          short_weekdays = ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']
          months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
          request.add_header('If-Modified-Since', '%s, %02d %s %04d %02d:%02d:%02d GMT' % (short_weekdays[modified[6]], modified[2], months[modified[1] - 1], modified[0], modified[3], modified[4], modified[5]))
      if referrer:
          request.add_header('Referer', referrer)
      if gzip and zlib:
          request.add_header('Accept-encoding', 'gzip, deflate')
      elif gzip:
          request.add_header('Accept-encoding', 'gzip')
      elif zlib:
          request.add_header('Accept-encoding', 'deflate')
      else:
          request.add_header('Accept-encoding', '')
      if auth:
          request.add_header('Authorization', 'Basic %s' % auth)
      if ACCEPT_HEADER:
          request.add_header('Accept', ACCEPT_HEADER)
      # use this for whatever -- cookies, special headers, etc
      # [('Cookie','Something'),('x-special-header','Another Value')]
      for header_name, header_value in request_headers.items():
          request.add_header(header_name, header_value)
      request.add_header('A-IM', 'feed') # RFC 3229 support
      return request
  
  _date_handlers = []
  def registerDateHandler(func):
      '''Register a date handler function (takes string, returns 9-tuple date in GMT)'''
      _date_handlers.insert(0, func)
  
  # ISO-8601 date parsing routines written by Fazal Majid.
  # The ISO 8601 standard is very convoluted and irregular - a full ISO 8601
  # parser is beyond the scope of feedparser and would be a worthwhile addition
  # to the Python library.
  # A single regular expression cannot parse ISO 8601 date formats into groups
  # as the standard is highly irregular (for instance is 030104 2003-01-04 or
  # 0301-04-01), so we use templates instead.
  # Please note the order in templates is significant because we need a
  # greedy match.
  _iso8601_tmpl = ['YYYY-?MM-?DD', 'YYYY-0MM?-?DD', 'YYYY-MM', 'YYYY-?OOO',
                  'YY-?MM-?DD', 'YY-?OOO', 'YYYY',
                  '-YY-?MM', '-OOO', '-YY',
                  '--MM-?DD', '--MM',
                  '---DD',
                  'CC', '']
  _iso8601_re = [
      tmpl.replace(
      'YYYY', r'(?P<year>\d{4})').replace(
      'YY', r'(?P<year>\d\d)').replace(
      'MM', r'(?P<month>[01]\d)').replace(
      'DD', r'(?P<day>[0123]\d)').replace(
      'OOO', r'(?P<ordinal>[0123]\d\d)').replace(
      'CC', r'(?P<century>\d\d$)')
      + r'(T?(?P<hour>\d{2}):(?P<minute>\d{2})'
      + r'(:(?P<second>\d{2}))?'
      + r'(\.(?P<fracsecond>\d+))?'
      + r'(?P<tz>[+-](?P<tzhour>\d{2})(:(?P<tzmin>\d{2}))?|Z)?)?'
      for tmpl in _iso8601_tmpl]
  try:
      del tmpl
  except NameError:
      pass
  _iso8601_matches = [re.compile(regex).match for regex in _iso8601_re]
  try:
      del regex
  except NameError:
      pass
  def _parse_date_iso8601(dateString):
      '''Parse a variety of ISO-8601-compatible formats like 20040105'''
      m = None
      for _iso8601_match in _iso8601_matches:
          m = _iso8601_match(dateString)
          if m:
              break
      if not m:
          return
      if m.span() == (0, 0):
          return
      params = m.groupdict()
      ordinal = params.get('ordinal', 0)
      if ordinal:
          ordinal = int(ordinal)
      else:
          ordinal = 0
      year = params.get('year', '--')
      if not year or year == '--':
          year = time.gmtime()[0]
      elif len(year) == 2:
          # ISO 8601 assumes current century, i.e. 93 -> 2093, NOT 1993
          year = 100 * int(time.gmtime()[0] / 100) + int(year)
      else:
          year = int(year)
      month = params.get('month', '-')
      if not month or month == '-':
          # ordinals are NOT normalized by mktime, we simulate them
          # by setting month=1, day=ordinal
          if ordinal:
              month = 1
          else:
              month = time.gmtime()[1]
      month = int(month)
      day = params.get('day', 0)
      if not day:
          # see above
          if ordinal:
              day = ordinal
          elif params.get('century', 0) or \
                   params.get('year', 0) or params.get('month', 0):
              day = 1
          else:
              day = time.gmtime()[2]
      else:
          day = int(day)
      # special case of the century - is the first year of the 21st century
      # 2000 or 2001 ? The debate goes on...
      if 'century' in params:
          year = (int(params['century']) - 1) * 100 + 1
      # in ISO 8601 most fields are optional
      for field in ['hour', 'minute', 'second', 'tzhour', 'tzmin']:
          if not params.get(field, None):
              params[field] = 0
      hour = int(params.get('hour', 0))
      minute = int(params.get('minute', 0))
      second = int(float(params.get('second', 0)))
      # weekday is normalized by mktime(), we can ignore it
      weekday = 0
      daylight_savings_flag = -1
      tm = [year, month, day, hour, minute, second, weekday,
            ordinal, daylight_savings_flag]
      # ISO 8601 time zone adjustments
      tz = params.get('tz')
      if tz and tz != 'Z':
          if tz[0] == '-':
              tm[3] += int(params.get('tzhour', 0))
              tm[4] += int(params.get('tzmin', 0))
          elif tz[0] == '+':
              tm[3] -= int(params.get('tzhour', 0))
              tm[4] -= int(params.get('tzmin', 0))
          else:
              return None
      # Python's time.mktime() is a wrapper around the ANSI C mktime(3c)
      # which is guaranteed to normalize d/m/y/h/m/s.
      # Many implementations have bugs, but we'll pretend they don't.
      return time.localtime(time.mktime(tuple(tm)))
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_iso8601)
  
  # 8-bit date handling routines written by ytrewq1.
  _korean_year  = u'\ub144' # b3e2 in euc-kr
  _korean_month = u'\uc6d4' # bff9 in euc-kr
  _korean_day   = u'\uc77c' # c0cf in euc-kr
  _korean_am    = u'\uc624\uc804' # bfc0 c0fc in euc-kr
  _korean_pm    = u'\uc624\ud6c4' # bfc0 c8c4 in euc-kr
  
  _korean_onblog_date_re = \
      re.compile('(\d{4})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2})%s\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})' % \
                 (_korean_year, _korean_month, _korean_day))
  _korean_nate_date_re = \
      re.compile(u'(\d{4})-(\d{2})-(\d{2})\s+(%s|%s)\s+(\d{,2}):(\d{,2}):(\d{,2})' % \
                 (_korean_am, _korean_pm))
  def _parse_date_onblog(dateString):
      '''Parse a string according to the OnBlog 8-bit date format'''
      m = _korean_onblog_date_re.match(dateString)
      if not m:
          return
      w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s' % \
                  {'year': m.group(1), 'month': m.group(2), 'day': m.group(3),\
                   'hour': m.group(4), 'minute': m.group(5), 'second': m.group(6),\
                   'zonediff': '+09:00'}
      return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate)
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_onblog)
  
  def _parse_date_nate(dateString):
      '''Parse a string according to the Nate 8-bit date format'''
      m = _korean_nate_date_re.match(dateString)
      if not m:
          return
      hour = int(m.group(5))
      ampm = m.group(4)
      if (ampm == _korean_pm):
          hour += 12
      hour = str(hour)
      if len(hour) == 1:
          hour = '0' + hour
      w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s%(zonediff)s' % \
                  {'year': m.group(1), 'month': m.group(2), 'day': m.group(3),\
                   'hour': hour, 'minute': m.group(6), 'second': m.group(7),\
                   'zonediff': '+09:00'}
      return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate)
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_nate)
  
  # Unicode strings for Greek date strings
  _greek_months = \
    { \
     u'\u0399\u03b1\u03bd': u'Jan',       # c9e1ed in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a6\u03b5\u03b2': u'Feb',       # d6e5e2 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039c\u03ac\u03ce': u'Mar',       # ccdcfe in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039c\u03b1\u03ce': u'Mar',       # cce1fe in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0391\u03c0\u03c1': u'Apr',       # c1f0f1 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039c\u03ac\u03b9': u'May',       # ccdce9 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039c\u03b1\u03ca': u'May',       # cce1fa in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039c\u03b1\u03b9': u'May',       # cce1e9 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd': u'Jun', # c9effded in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0399\u03bf\u03bd': u'Jun',       # c9efed in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0399\u03bf\u03cd\u03bb': u'Jul', # c9effdeb in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0399\u03bf\u03bb': u'Jul',       # c9f9eb in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0391\u03cd\u03b3': u'Aug',       # c1fde3 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0391\u03c5\u03b3': u'Aug',       # c1f5e3 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a3\u03b5\u03c0': u'Sep',       # d3e5f0 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039f\u03ba\u03c4': u'Oct',       # cfeaf4 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039d\u03bf\u03ad': u'Nov',       # cdefdd in iso-8859-7
     u'\u039d\u03bf\u03b5': u'Nov',       # cdefe5 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0394\u03b5\u03ba': u'Dec',       # c4e5ea in iso-8859-7
    }
  
  _greek_wdays = \
    { \
     u'\u039a\u03c5\u03c1': u'Sun', # caf5f1 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u0394\u03b5\u03c5': u'Mon', # c4e5f5 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a4\u03c1\u03b9': u'Tue', # d4f1e9 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a4\u03b5\u03c4': u'Wed', # d4e5f4 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a0\u03b5\u03bc': u'Thu', # d0e5ec in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1': u'Fri', # d0e1f1 in iso-8859-7
     u'\u03a3\u03b1\u03b2': u'Sat', # d3e1e2 in iso-8859-7
    }
  
  _greek_date_format_re = \
      re.compile(u'([^,]+),\s+(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)\s+(\d{4})\s+(\d{2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2})\s+([^\s]+)')
  
  def _parse_date_greek(dateString):
      '''Parse a string according to a Greek 8-bit date format.'''
      m = _greek_date_format_re.match(dateString)
      if not m:
          return
      wday = _greek_wdays[m.group(1)]
      month = _greek_months[m.group(3)]
      rfc822date = '%(wday)s, %(day)s %(month)s %(year)s %(hour)s:%(minute)s:%(second)s %(zonediff)s' % \
                   {'wday': wday, 'day': m.group(2), 'month': month, 'year': m.group(4),\
                    'hour': m.group(5), 'minute': m.group(6), 'second': m.group(7),\
                    'zonediff': m.group(8)}
      return _parse_date_rfc822(rfc822date)
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_greek)
  
  # Unicode strings for Hungarian date strings
  _hungarian_months = \
    { \
      u'janu\u00e1r':   u'01',  # e1 in iso-8859-2
      u'febru\u00e1ri': u'02',  # e1 in iso-8859-2
      u'm\u00e1rcius':  u'03',  # e1 in iso-8859-2
      u'\u00e1prilis':  u'04',  # e1 in iso-8859-2
      u'm\u00e1ujus':   u'05',  # e1 in iso-8859-2
      u'j\u00fanius':   u'06',  # fa in iso-8859-2
      u'j\u00falius':   u'07',  # fa in iso-8859-2
      u'augusztus':     u'08',
      u'szeptember':    u'09',
      u'okt\u00f3ber':  u'10',  # f3 in iso-8859-2
      u'november':      u'11',
      u'december':      u'12',
    }
  
  _hungarian_date_format_re = \
    re.compile(u'(\d{4})-([^-]+)-(\d{,2})T(\d{,2}):(\d{2})((\+|-)(\d{,2}:\d{2}))')
  
  def _parse_date_hungarian(dateString):
      '''Parse a string according to a Hungarian 8-bit date format.'''
      m = _hungarian_date_format_re.match(dateString)
      if not m or m.group(2) not in _hungarian_months:
          return None
      month = _hungarian_months[m.group(2)]
      day = m.group(3)
      if len(day) == 1:
          day = '0' + day
      hour = m.group(4)
      if len(hour) == 1:
          hour = '0' + hour
      w3dtfdate = '%(year)s-%(month)s-%(day)sT%(hour)s:%(minute)s%(zonediff)s' % \
                  {'year': m.group(1), 'month': month, 'day': day,\
                   'hour': hour, 'minute': m.group(5),\
                   'zonediff': m.group(6)}
      return _parse_date_w3dtf(w3dtfdate)
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_hungarian)
  
  # W3DTF-style date parsing adapted from PyXML xml.utils.iso8601, written by
  # Drake and licensed under the Python license.  Removed all range checking
  # for month, day, hour, minute, and second, since mktime will normalize
  # these later
  # Modified to also support MSSQL-style datetimes as defined at:
  # http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms186724.aspx
  # (which basically means allowing a space as a date/time/timezone separator)
  def _parse_date_w3dtf(dateString):
      def __extract_date(m):
          year = int(m.group('year'))
          if year < 100:
              year = 100 * int(time.gmtime()[0] / 100) + int(year)
          if year < 1000:
              return 0, 0, 0
          julian = m.group('julian')
          if julian:
              julian = int(julian)
              month = julian / 30 + 1
              day = julian % 30 + 1
              jday = None
              while jday != julian:
                  t = time.mktime((year, month, day, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0))
                  jday = time.gmtime(t)[-2]
                  diff = abs(jday - julian)
                  if jday > julian:
                      if diff < day:
                          day = day - diff
                      else:
                          month = month - 1
                          day = 31
                  elif jday < julian:
                      if day + diff < 28:
                          day = day + diff
                      else:
                          month = month + 1
              return year, month, day
          month = m.group('month')
          day = 1
          if month is None:
              month = 1
          else:
              month = int(month)
              day = m.group('day')
              if day:
                  day = int(day)
              else:
                  day = 1
          return year, month, day
  
      def __extract_time(m):
          if not m:
              return 0, 0, 0
          hours = m.group('hours')
          if not hours:
              return 0, 0, 0
          hours = int(hours)
          minutes = int(m.group('minutes'))
          seconds = m.group('seconds')
          if seconds:
              seconds = int(seconds)
          else:
              seconds = 0
          return hours, minutes, seconds
  
      def __extract_tzd(m):
          '''Return the Time Zone Designator as an offset in seconds from UTC.'''
          if not m:
              return 0
          tzd = m.group('tzd')
          if not tzd:
              return 0
          if tzd == 'Z':
              return 0
          hours = int(m.group('tzdhours'))
          minutes = m.group('tzdminutes')
          if minutes:
              minutes = int(minutes)
          else:
              minutes = 0
          offset = (hours*60 + minutes) * 60
          if tzd[0] == '+':
              return -offset
          return offset
  
      __date_re = ('(?P<year>\d\d\d\d)'
                   '(?:(?P<dsep>-|)'
                   '(?:(?P<month>\d\d)(?:(?P=dsep)(?P<day>\d\d))?'
                   '|(?P<julian>\d\d\d)))?')
      __tzd_re = ' ?(?P<tzd>[-+](?P<tzdhours>\d\d)(?::?(?P<tzdminutes>\d\d))|Z)?'
      __time_re = ('(?P<hours>\d\d)(?P<tsep>:|)(?P<minutes>\d\d)'
                   '(?:(?P=tsep)(?P<seconds>\d\d)(?:[.,]\d+)?)?'
                   + __tzd_re)
      __datetime_re = '%s(?:[T ]%s)?' % (__date_re, __time_re)
      __datetime_rx = re.compile(__datetime_re)
      m = __datetime_rx.match(dateString)
      if (m is None) or (m.group() != dateString):
          return
      gmt = __extract_date(m) + __extract_time(m) + (0, 0, 0)
      if gmt[0] == 0:
          return
      return time.gmtime(time.mktime(gmt) + __extract_tzd(m) - time.timezone)
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_w3dtf)
  
  # Define the strings used by the RFC822 datetime parser
  _rfc822_months = ['jan', 'feb', 'mar', 'apr', 'may', 'jun',
            'jul', 'aug', 'sep', 'oct', 'nov', 'dec']
  _rfc822_daynames = ['mon', 'tue', 'wed', 'thu', 'fri', 'sat', 'sun']
  
  # Only the first three letters of the month name matter
  _rfc822_month = "(?P<month>%s)(?:[a-z]*,?)" % ('|'.join(_rfc822_months))
  # The year may be 2 or 4 digits; capture the century if it exists
  _rfc822_year = "(?P<year>(?:\d{2})?\d{2})"
  _rfc822_day = "(?P<day> *\d{1,2})"
  _rfc822_date = "%s %s %s" % (_rfc822_day, _rfc822_month, _rfc822_year)
  
  _rfc822_hour = "(?P<hour>\d{2}):(?P<minute>\d{2})(?::(?P<second>\d{2}))?"
  _rfc822_tz = "(?P<tz>ut|gmt(?:[+-]\d{2}:\d{2})?|[aecmp][sd]?t|[zamny]|[+-]\d{4})"
  _rfc822_tznames = {
      'ut': 0, 'gmt': 0, 'z': 0,
      'adt': -3, 'ast': -4, 'at': -4,
      'edt': -4, 'est': -5, 'et': -5,
      'cdt': -5, 'cst': -6, 'ct': -6,
      'mdt': -6, 'mst': -7, 'mt': -7,
      'pdt': -7, 'pst': -8, 'pt': -8,
      'a': -1, 'n': 1,
      'm': -12, 'y': 12,
   }
  # The timezone may be prefixed by 'Etc/'
  _rfc822_time = "%s (?:etc/)?%s" % (_rfc822_hour, _rfc822_tz)
  
  _rfc822_dayname = "(?P<dayname>%s)" % ('|'.join(_rfc822_daynames))
  _rfc822_match = re.compile(
      "(?:%s, )?%s(?: %s)?" % (_rfc822_dayname, _rfc822_date, _rfc822_time)
  ).match
  
  def _parse_date_rfc822(dt):
      """Parse RFC 822 dates and times, with one minor
      difference: years may be 4DIGIT or 2DIGIT.
      http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc822#section-5"""
      try:
          m = _rfc822_match(dt.lower()).groupdict(0)
      except AttributeError:
          return None
  
      # Calculate a date and timestamp
      for k in ('year', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second'):
          m[k] = int(m[k])
      m['month'] = _rfc822_months.index(m['month']) + 1
      # If the year is 2 digits, assume everything in the 90's is the 1990's
      if m['year'] < 100:
          m['year'] += (1900, 2000)[m['year'] < 90]
      stamp = datetime.datetime(*[m[i] for i in
                  ('year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second')])
  
      # Use the timezone information to calculate the difference between
      # the given date and timestamp and Universal Coordinated Time
      tzhour = 0
      tzmin = 0
      if m['tz'] and m['tz'].startswith('gmt'):
          # Handle GMT and GMT+hh:mm timezone syntax (the trailing
          # timezone info will be handled by the next `if` block)
          m['tz'] = ''.join(m['tz'][3:].split(':')) or 'gmt'
      if not m['tz']:
          pass
      elif m['tz'].startswith('+'):
          tzhour = int(m['tz'][1:3])
          tzmin = int(m['tz'][3:])
      elif m['tz'].startswith('-'):
          tzhour = int(m['tz'][1:3]) * -1
          tzmin = int(m['tz'][3:]) * -1
      else:
          tzhour = _rfc822_tznames[m['tz']]
      delta = datetime.timedelta(0, 0, 0, 0, tzmin, tzhour)
  
      # Return the date and timestamp in UTC
      return (stamp - delta).utctimetuple()
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_rfc822)
  
  def _parse_date_asctime(dt):
      """Parse asctime-style dates"""
      dayname, month, day, remainder = dt.split(None, 3)
      # Convert month and day into zero-padded integers
      month = '%02i ' % (_rfc822_months.index(month.lower()) + 1)
      day = '%02i ' % (int(day),)
      dt = month + day + remainder
      return time.strptime(dt, '%m %d %H:%M:%S %Y')[:-1] + (0, )
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_asctime)
  
  def _parse_date_perforce(aDateString):
      """parse a date in yyyy/mm/dd hh:mm:ss TTT format"""
      # Fri, 2006/09/15 08:19:53 EDT
      _my_date_pattern = re.compile( \
          r'(\w{,3}), (\d{,4})/(\d{,2})/(\d{2}) (\d{,2}):(\d{2}):(\d{2}) (\w{,3})')
  
      m = _my_date_pattern.search(aDateString)
      if m is None:
          return None
      dow, year, month, day, hour, minute, second, tz = m.groups()
      months = ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec']
      dateString = "%s, %s %s %s %s:%s:%s %s" % (dow, day, months[int(month) - 1], year, hour, minute, second, tz)
      tm = rfc822.parsedate_tz(dateString)
      if tm:
          return time.gmtime(rfc822.mktime_tz(tm))
  registerDateHandler(_parse_date_perforce)
  
  def _parse_date(dateString):
      '''Parses a variety of date formats into a 9-tuple in GMT'''
      if not dateString:
          return None
      for handler in _date_handlers:
          try:
              date9tuple = handler(dateString)
          except (KeyError, OverflowError, ValueError):
              continue
          if not date9tuple:
              continue
          if len(date9tuple) != 9:
              continue
          return date9tuple
      return None
  
  # Each marker represents some of the characters of the opening XML
  # processing instruction ('<?xm') in the specified encoding.
  EBCDIC_MARKER = _l2bytes([0x4C, 0x6F, 0xA7, 0x94])
  UTF16BE_MARKER = _l2bytes([0x00, 0x3C, 0x00, 0x3F])
  UTF16LE_MARKER = _l2bytes([0x3C, 0x00, 0x3F, 0x00])
  UTF32BE_MARKER = _l2bytes([0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x3C])
  UTF32LE_MARKER = _l2bytes([0x3C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00])
  
  ZERO_BYTES = _l2bytes([0x00, 0x00])
  
  # Match the opening XML declaration.
  # Example: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  RE_XML_DECLARATION = re.compile('^<\?xml[^>]*?>')
  
  # Capture the value of the XML processing instruction's encoding attribute.
  # Example: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  RE_XML_PI_ENCODING = re.compile(_s2bytes('^<\?.*encoding=[\'"](.*?)[\'"].*\?>'))
  
  def convert_to_utf8(http_headers, data):
      '''Detect and convert the character encoding to UTF-8.
  
      http_headers is a dictionary
      data is a raw string (not Unicode)'''
  
      # This is so much trickier than it sounds, it's not even funny.
      # According to RFC 3023 ('XML Media Types'), if the HTTP Content-Type
      # is application/xml, application/*+xml,
      # application/xml-external-parsed-entity, or application/xml-dtd,
      # the encoding given in the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type
      # takes precedence over the encoding given in the XML prefix within the
      # document, and defaults to 'utf-8' if neither are specified.  But, if
      # the HTTP Content-Type is text/xml, text/*+xml, or
      # text/xml-external-parsed-entity, the encoding given in the XML prefix
      # within the document is ALWAYS IGNORED and only the encoding given in
      # the charset parameter of the HTTP Content-Type header should be
      # respected, and it defaults to 'us-ascii' if not specified.
  
      # Furthermore, discussion on the atom-syntax mailing list with the
      # author of RFC 3023 leads me to the conclusion that any document
      # served with a Content-Type of text/* and no charset parameter
      # must be treated as us-ascii.  (We now do this.)  And also that it
      # must always be flagged as non-well-formed.  (We now do this too.)
  
      # If Content-Type is unspecified (input was local file or non-HTTP source)
      # or unrecognized (server just got it totally wrong), then go by the
      # encoding given in the XML prefix of the document and default to
      # 'iso-8859-1' as per the HTTP specification (RFC 2616).
  
      # Then, assuming we didn't find a character encoding in the HTTP headers
      # (and the HTTP Content-type allowed us to look in the body), we need
      # to sniff the first few bytes of the XML data and try to determine
      # whether the encoding is ASCII-compatible.  Section F of the XML
      # specification shows the way here:
      # http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-guessing-no-ext-info
  
      # If the sniffed encoding is not ASCII-compatible, we need to make it
      # ASCII compatible so that we can sniff further into the XML declaration
      # to find the encoding attribute, which will tell us the true encoding.
  
      # Of course, none of this guarantees that we will be able to parse the
      # feed in the declared character encoding (assuming it was declared
      # correctly, which many are not).  iconv_codec can help a lot;
      # you should definitely install it if you can.
      # http://cjkpython.i18n.org/
  
      bom_encoding = u''
      xml_encoding = u''
      rfc3023_encoding = u''
  
      # Look at the first few bytes of the document to guess what
      # its encoding may be. We only need to decode enough of the
      # document that we can use an ASCII-compatible regular
      # expression to search for an XML encoding declaration.
      # The heuristic follows the XML specification, section F:
      # http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/#sec-guessing-no-ext-info
      # Check for BOMs first.
      if data[:4] == codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-32be'
          data = data[4:]
      elif data[:4] == codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-32le'
          data = data[4:]
      elif data[:2] == codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE and data[2:4] != ZERO_BYTES:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-16be'
          data = data[2:]
      elif data[:2] == codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE and data[2:4] != ZERO_BYTES:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-16le'
          data = data[2:]
      elif data[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-8'
          data = data[3:]
      # Check for the characters '<?xm' in several encodings.
      elif data[:4] == EBCDIC_MARKER:
          bom_encoding = u'cp037'
      elif data[:4] == UTF16BE_MARKER:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-16be'
      elif data[:4] == UTF16LE_MARKER:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-16le'
      elif data[:4] == UTF32BE_MARKER:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-32be'
      elif data[:4] == UTF32LE_MARKER:
          bom_encoding = u'utf-32le'
  
      tempdata = data
      try:
          if bom_encoding:
              tempdata = data.decode(bom_encoding).encode('utf-8')
      except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError):
          # feedparser recognizes UTF-32 encodings that aren't
          # available in Python 2.4 and 2.5, so it's possible to
          # encounter a LookupError during decoding.
          xml_encoding_match = None
      else:
          xml_encoding_match = RE_XML_PI_ENCODING.match(tempdata)
  
      if xml_encoding_match:
          xml_encoding = xml_encoding_match.groups()[0].decode('utf-8').lower()
          # Normalize the xml_encoding if necessary.
          if bom_encoding and (xml_encoding in (
              u'u16', u'utf-16', u'utf16', u'utf_16',
              u'u32', u'utf-32', u'utf32', u'utf_32',
              u'iso-10646-ucs-2', u'iso-10646-ucs-4',
              u'csucs4', u'csunicode', u'ucs-2', u'ucs-4'
          )):
              xml_encoding = bom_encoding
  
      # Find the HTTP Content-Type and, hopefully, a character
      # encoding provided by the server. The Content-Type is used
      # to choose the "correct" encoding among the BOM encoding,
      # XML declaration encoding, and HTTP encoding, following the
      # heuristic defined in RFC 3023.
      http_content_type = http_headers.get('content-type') or ''
      http_content_type, params = cgi.parse_header(http_content_type)
      http_encoding = params.get('charset', '').replace("'", "")
      if not isinstance(http_encoding, unicode):
          http_encoding = http_encoding.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
  
      acceptable_content_type = 0
      application_content_types = (u'application/xml', u'application/xml-dtd',
                                   u'application/xml-external-parsed-entity')
      text_content_types = (u'text/xml', u'text/xml-external-parsed-entity')
      if (http_content_type in application_content_types) or \
         (http_content_type.startswith(u'application/') and
          http_content_type.endswith(u'+xml')):
          acceptable_content_type = 1
          rfc3023_encoding = http_encoding or xml_encoding or u'utf-8'
      elif (http_content_type in text_content_types) or \
           (http_content_type.startswith(u'text/') and
            http_content_type.endswith(u'+xml')):
          acceptable_content_type = 1
          rfc3023_encoding = http_encoding or u'us-ascii'
      elif http_content_type.startswith(u'text/'):
          rfc3023_encoding = http_encoding or u'us-ascii'
      elif http_headers and 'content-type' not in http_headers:
          rfc3023_encoding = xml_encoding or u'iso-8859-1'
      else:
          rfc3023_encoding = xml_encoding or u'utf-8'
      # gb18030 is a superset of gb2312, so always replace gb2312
      # with gb18030 for greater compatibility.
      if rfc3023_encoding.lower() == u'gb2312':
          rfc3023_encoding = u'gb18030'
      if xml_encoding.lower() == u'gb2312':
          xml_encoding = u'gb18030'
  
      # there are four encodings to keep track of:
      # - http_encoding is the encoding declared in the Content-Type HTTP header
      # - xml_encoding is the encoding declared in the <?xml declaration
      # - bom_encoding is the encoding sniffed from the first 4 bytes of the XML data
      # - rfc3023_encoding is the actual encoding, as per RFC 3023 and a variety of other conflicting specifications
      error = None
  
      if http_headers and (not acceptable_content_type):
          if 'content-type' in http_headers:
              msg = '%s is not an XML media type' % http_headers['content-type']
          else:
              msg = 'no Content-type specified'
          error = NonXMLContentType(msg)
  
      # determine character encoding
      known_encoding = 0
      chardet_encoding = None
      tried_encodings = []
      if chardet:
          chardet_encoding = unicode(chardet.detect(data)['encoding'] or '', 'ascii', 'ignore')
      # try: HTTP encoding, declared XML encoding, encoding sniffed from BOM
      for proposed_encoding in (rfc3023_encoding, xml_encoding, bom_encoding,
                                chardet_encoding, u'utf-8', u'windows-1252', u'iso-8859-2'):
          if not proposed_encoding:
              continue
          if proposed_encoding in tried_encodings:
              continue
          tried_encodings.append(proposed_encoding)
          try:
              data = data.decode(proposed_encoding)
          except (UnicodeDecodeError, LookupError):
              pass
          else:
              known_encoding = 1
              # Update the encoding in the opening XML processing instruction.
              new_declaration = '''<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>'''
              if RE_XML_DECLARATION.search(data):
                  data = RE_XML_DECLARATION.sub(new_declaration, data)
              else:
                  data = new_declaration + u'\n' + data
              data = data.encode('utf-8')
              break
      # if still no luck, give up
      if not known_encoding:
          error = CharacterEncodingUnknown(
              'document encoding unknown, I tried ' +
              '%s, %s, utf-8, windows-1252, and iso-8859-2 but nothing worked' %
              (rfc3023_encoding, xml_encoding))
          rfc3023_encoding = u''
      elif proposed_encoding != rfc3023_encoding:
          error = CharacterEncodingOverride(
              'document declared as %s, but parsed as %s' %
              (rfc3023_encoding, proposed_encoding))
          rfc3023_encoding = proposed_encoding
  
      return data, rfc3023_encoding, error
  
  # Match XML entity declarations.
  # Example: <!ENTITY copyright "(C)">
  RE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(_s2bytes(r'^\s*<!ENTITY([^>]*?)>'), re.MULTILINE)
  
  # Match XML DOCTYPE declarations.
  # Example: <!DOCTYPE feed [ ]>
  RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN = re.compile(_s2bytes(r'^\s*<!DOCTYPE([^>]*?)>'), re.MULTILINE)
  
  # Match safe entity declarations.
  # This will allow hexadecimal character references through,
  # as well as text, but not arbitrary nested entities.
  # Example: cubed "&#179;"
  # Example: copyright "(C)"
  # Forbidden: explode1 "&explode2;&explode2;"
  RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN = re.compile(_s2bytes('\s+(\w+)\s+"(&#\w+;|[^&"]*)"'))
  
  def replace_doctype(data):
      '''Strips and replaces the DOCTYPE, returns (rss_version, stripped_data)
  
      rss_version may be 'rss091n' or None
      stripped_data is the same XML document with a replaced DOCTYPE
      '''
  
      # Divide the document into two groups by finding the location
      # of the first element that doesn't begin with '<?' or '<!'.
      start = re.search(_s2bytes('<\w'), data)
      start = start and start.start() or -1
      head, data = data[:start+1], data[start+1:]
  
      # Save and then remove all of the ENTITY declarations.
      entity_results = RE_ENTITY_PATTERN.findall(head)
      head = RE_ENTITY_PATTERN.sub(_s2bytes(''), head)
  
      # Find the DOCTYPE declaration and check the feed type.
      doctype_results = RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN.findall(head)
      doctype = doctype_results and doctype_results[0] or _s2bytes('')
      if _s2bytes('netscape') in doctype.lower():
          version = u'rss091n'
      else:
          version = None
  
      # Re-insert the safe ENTITY declarations if a DOCTYPE was found.
      replacement = _s2bytes('')
      if len(doctype_results) == 1 and entity_results:
          match_safe_entities = lambda e: RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN.match(e)
          safe_entities = filter(match_safe_entities, entity_results)
          if safe_entities:
              replacement = _s2bytes('<!DOCTYPE feed [\n<!ENTITY') \
                          + _s2bytes('>\n<!ENTITY ').join(safe_entities) \
                          + _s2bytes('>\n]>')
      data = RE_DOCTYPE_PATTERN.sub(replacement, head) + data
  
      # Precompute the safe entities for the loose parser.
      safe_entities = dict((k.decode('utf-8'), v.decode('utf-8'))
                        for k, v in RE_SAFE_ENTITY_PATTERN.findall(replacement))
      return version, data, safe_entities
  
  def parse(url_file_stream_or_string, etag=None, modified=None, agent=None, referrer=None, handlers=None, request_headers=None, response_headers=None):
      '''Parse a feed from a URL, file, stream, or string.
  
      request_headers, if given, is a dict from http header name to value to add
      to the request; this overrides internally generated values.
      '''
  
      if handlers is None:
          handlers = []
      if request_headers is None:
          request_headers = {}
      if response_headers is None:
          response_headers = {}
  
      result = FeedParserDict()
      result['feed'] = FeedParserDict()
      result['entries'] = []
      result['bozo'] = 0
      if not isinstance(handlers, list):
          handlers = [handlers]
      try:
          f = _open_resource(url_file_stream_or_string, etag, modified, agent, referrer, handlers, request_headers)
          data = f.read()
      except Exception, e:
          result['bozo'] = 1
          result['bozo_exception'] = e
          data = None
          f = None
  
      if hasattr(f, 'headers'):
          result['headers'] = dict(f.headers)
      # overwrite existing headers using response_headers
      if 'headers' in result:
          result['headers'].update(response_headers)
      elif response_headers:
          result['headers'] = copy.deepcopy(response_headers)
  
      # lowercase all of the HTTP headers for comparisons per RFC 2616
      if 'headers' in result:
          http_headers = dict((k.lower(), v) for k, v in result['headers'].items())
      else:
          http_headers = {}
  
      # if feed is gzip-compressed, decompress it
      if f and data and http_headers:
          if gzip and 'gzip' in http_headers.get('content-encoding', ''):
              try:
                  data = gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=_StringIO(data)).read()
              except (IOError, struct.error), e:
                  # IOError can occur if the gzip header is bad.
                  # struct.error can occur if the data is damaged.
                  result['bozo'] = 1
                  result['bozo_exception'] = e
                  if isinstance(e, struct.error):
                      # A gzip header was found but the data is corrupt.
                      # Ideally, we should re-request the feed without the
                      # 'Accept-encoding: gzip' header, but we don't.
                      data = None
          elif zlib and 'deflate' in http_headers.get('content-encoding', ''):
              try:
                  data = zlib.decompress(data)
              except zlib.error, e:
                  try:
                      # The data may have no headers and no checksum.
                      data = zlib.decompress(data, -15)
                  except zlib.error, e:
                      result['bozo'] = 1
                      result['bozo_exception'] = e
  
      # save HTTP headers
      if http_headers:
          if 'etag' in http_headers:
              etag = http_headers.get('etag', u'')
              if not isinstance(etag, unicode):
                  etag = etag.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
              if etag:
                  result['etag'] = etag
          if 'last-modified' in http_headers:
              modified = http_headers.get('last-modified', u'')
              if modified:
                  result['modified'] = modified
                  result['modified_parsed'] = _parse_date(modified)
      if hasattr(f, 'url'):
          if not isinstance(f.url, unicode):
              result['href'] = f.url.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
          else:
              result['href'] = f.url
          result['status'] = 200
      if hasattr(f, 'status'):
          result['status'] = f.status
      if hasattr(f, 'close'):
          f.close()
  
      if data is None:
          return result
  
      # Stop processing if the server sent HTTP 304 Not Modified.
      if getattr(f, 'code', 0) == 304:
          result['version'] = u''
          result['debug_message'] = 'The feed has not changed since you last checked, ' + \
              'so the server sent no data.  This is a feature, not a bug!'
          return result
  
      data, result['encoding'], error = convert_to_utf8(http_headers, data)
      use_strict_parser = result['encoding'] and True or False
      if error is not None:
          result['bozo'] = 1
          result['bozo_exception'] = error
  
      result['version'], data, entities = replace_doctype(data)
  
      # Ensure that baseuri is an absolute URI using an acceptable URI scheme.
      contentloc = http_headers.get('content-location', u'')
      href = result.get('href', u'')
      baseuri = _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(href, contentloc) or _makeSafeAbsoluteURI(contentloc) or href
  
      baselang = http_headers.get('content-language', None)
      if not isinstance(baselang, unicode) and baselang is not None:
          baselang = baselang.decode('utf-8', 'ignore')
  
      if not _XML_AVAILABLE:
          use_strict_parser = 0
      if use_strict_parser:
          # initialize the SAX parser
          feedparser = _StrictFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, 'utf-8')
          saxparser = xml.sax.make_parser(PREFERRED_XML_PARSERS)
          saxparser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 1)
          try:
              # disable downloading external doctype references, if possible
              saxparser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_external_ges, 0)
          except xml.sax.SAXNotSupportedException:
              pass
          saxparser.setContentHandler(feedparser)
          saxparser.setErrorHandler(feedparser)
          source = xml.sax.xmlreader.InputSource()
          source.setByteStream(_StringIO(data))
          try:
              saxparser.parse(source)
          except xml.sax.SAXException, e:
              result['bozo'] = 1
              result['bozo_exception'] = feedparser.exc or e
              use_strict_parser = 0
      if not use_strict_parser and _SGML_AVAILABLE:
          feedparser = _LooseFeedParser(baseuri, baselang, 'utf-8', entities)
          feedparser.feed(data.decode('utf-8', 'replace'))
      result['feed'] = feedparser.feeddata
      result['entries'] = feedparser.entries
      result['version'] = result['version'] or feedparser.version
      result['namespaces'] = feedparser.namespacesInUse
      return result
  