text: #ifndef __GETOPT_H__
  /**
   * DISCLAIMER
   * This file is part of the mingw-w64 runtime package.
   *
   * The mingw-w64 runtime package and its code is distributed in the hope that it
   * will be useful but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY.  ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
   * IMPLIED ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED.  This includes but is not limited to
   * warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
   */
  /*
   * Copyright (c) 2002 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
   *
   * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
   * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
   * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
   *
   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
   * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
   * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
   * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
   * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
   * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
   *
   * Sponsored in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects
   * Agency (DARPA) and Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Force
   * Materiel Command, USAF, under agreement number F39502-99-1-0512.
   */
  /*-
   * Copyright (c) 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
   * by Dieter Baron and Thomas Klausner.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
   * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
   * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
   * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
   * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
   * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
   * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
   * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
   * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
   * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
   * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   */
  
  #pragma warning(disable : 4996)
  
  #define __GETOPT_H__
  
  /* All the headers include this file. */
  #include <crtdefs.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <stdarg.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <windows.h>
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  #define REPLACE_GETOPT /* use this getopt as the system getopt(3) */
  
  #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
  int opterr = 1;   /* if error message should be printed */
  int optind = 1;   /* index into parent argv vector */
  int optopt = '?'; /* character checked for validity */
  #undef optreset   /* see getopt.h */
  #define optreset __mingw_optreset
  int optreset; /* reset getopt */
  char *optarg; /* argument associated with option */
  #endif
  
  // extern int optind;		/* index of first non-option in argv      */
  // extern int optopt;		/* single option character, as parsed     */
  // extern int opterr;		/* flag to enable built-in diagnostics... */
  //				/* (user may set to zero, to suppress)    */
  //
  // extern char *optarg;		/* pointer to argument of current option  */
  
  #define PRINT_ERROR ((opterr) && (*options != ':'))
  
  #define FLAG_PERMUTE 0x01  /* permute non-options to the end of argv */
  #define FLAG_ALLARGS 0x02  /* treat non-options as args to option "-1" */
  #define FLAG_LONGONLY 0x04 /* operate as getopt_long_only */
  
  /* return values */
  #define BADCH (int)'?'
  #define BADARG ((*options == ':') ? (int)':' : (int)'?')
  #define INORDER (int)1
  
  #ifndef __CYGWIN__
  #define __progname __argv[0]
  #else
  extern char __declspec(dllimport) * __progname;
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __CYGWIN__
  static char EMSG[] = "";
  #else
  #define EMSG ""
  #endif
  
  static int getopt_internal(int, char *const *, const char *,
                             const struct option *, int *, int);
  static int parse_long_options(char *const *, const char *,
                                const struct option *, int *, int);
  static int gcd(int, int);
  static void permute_args(int, int, int, char *const *);
  
  static char *place = EMSG; /* option letter processing */
  
  /* XXX: set optreset to 1 rather than these two */
  static int nonopt_start = -1; /* first non option argument (for permute) */
  static int nonopt_end = -1;   /* first option after non options (for permute) */
  
  /* Error messages */
  static const char recargchar[] = "option requires an argument -- %c";
  static const char recargstring[] = "option requires an argument -- %s";
  static const char ambig[] = "ambiguous option -- %.*s";
  static const char noarg[] = "option doesn't take an argument -- %.*s";
  static const char illoptchar[] = "unknown option -- %c";
  static const char illoptstring[] = "unknown option -- %s";
  
  static void _vwarnx(const char *fmt, va_list ap)
  {
      (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", __progname);
      if (fmt != NULL)
          (void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
      (void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
  }
  
  static void warnx(const char *fmt, ...)
  {
      va_list ap;
      va_start(ap, fmt);
      _vwarnx(fmt, ap);
      va_end(ap);
  }
  
  /*
   * Compute the greatest common divisor of a and b.
   */
  static int gcd(int a, int b)
  {
      int c;
  
      c = a % b;
      while (c != 0) {
          a = b;
          b = c;
          c = a % b;
      }
  
      return (b);
  }
  
  /*
   * Exchange the block from nonopt_start to nonopt_end with the block
   * from nonopt_end to opt_end (keeping the same order of arguments
   * in each block).
   */
  static void permute_args(int panonopt_start, int panonopt_end, int opt_end,
                           char *const *nargv)
  {
      int cstart, cyclelen, i, j, ncycle, nnonopts, nopts, pos;
      char *swap;
  
      /*
       * compute lengths of blocks and number and size of cycles
       */
      nnonopts = panonopt_end - panonopt_start;
      nopts = opt_end - panonopt_end;
      ncycle = gcd(nnonopts, nopts);
      cyclelen = (opt_end - panonopt_start) / ncycle;
  
      for (i = 0; i < ncycle; i++) {
          cstart = panonopt_end + i;
          pos = cstart;
          for (j = 0; j < cyclelen; j++) {
              if (pos >= panonopt_end)
                  pos -= nnonopts;
              else
                  pos += nopts;
              swap = nargv[pos];
              /* LINTED const cast */
              ((char **)nargv)[pos] = nargv[cstart];
              /* LINTED const cast */
              ((char **)nargv)[cstart] = swap;
          }
      }
  }
  
  #ifdef REPLACE_GETOPT
  /*
   * getopt --
   *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
   *
   * [eventually this will replace the BSD getopt]
   */
  int getopt(int nargc, char *const *nargv, const char *options)
  {
  
      /*
       * We don't pass FLAG_PERMUTE to getopt_internal() since
       * the BSD getopt(3) (unlike GNU) has never done this.
       *
       * Furthermore, since many privileged programs call getopt()
       * before dropping privileges it makes sense to keep things
       * as simple (and bug-free) as possible.
       */
      return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, NULL, NULL, 0));
  }
  #endif /* REPLACE_GETOPT */
  
  // extern int getopt(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options);
  
  #ifdef _BSD_SOURCE
  /*
   * BSD adds the non-standard `optreset' feature, for reinitialisation
   * of `getopt' parsing.  We support this feature, for applications which
   * proclaim their BSD heritage, before including this header; however,
   * to maintain portability, developers are advised to avoid it.
   */
  #define optreset __mingw_optreset
  extern int optreset;
  #endif
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  /*
   * POSIX requires the `getopt' API to be specified in `unistd.h';
   * thus, `unistd.h' includes this header.  However, we do not want
   * to expose the `getopt_long' or `getopt_long_only' APIs, when
   * included in this manner.  Thus, close the standard __GETOPT_H__
   * declarations block, and open an additional __GETOPT_LONG_H__
   * specific block, only when *not* __UNISTD_H_SOURCED__, in which
   * to declare the extended API.
   */
  #endif /* !defined(__GETOPT_H__) */
  
  #if !defined(__UNISTD_H_SOURCED__) && !defined(__GETOPT_LONG_H__)
  #define __GETOPT_LONG_H__
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  struct option /* specification for a long form option...	*/
  {
      const char *name; /* option name, without leading hyphens */
      int has_arg;      /* does it take an argument?		*/
      int *flag;        /* where to save its status, or NULL	*/
      int val;          /* its associated status value		*/
  };
  
  enum                 /* permitted values for its `has_arg' field...	*/
  { no_argument = 0,   /* option never takes an argument	*/
    required_argument, /* option always requires an argument	*/
    optional_argument  /* option may take an argument		*/
  };
  
  /*
   * parse_long_options --
   *	Parse long options in argc/argv argument vector.
   * Returns -1 if short_too is set and the option does not match long_options.
   */
  static int parse_long_options(char *const *nargv, const char *options,
                                const struct option *long_options, int *idx,
                                int short_too)
  {
      char *current_argv, *has_equal;
      size_t current_argv_len;
      int i, ambiguous, match;
  
  #define IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION(_x, _y)                                       \
      (long_options[(_x)].has_arg == long_options[(_y)].has_arg &&               \
       long_options[(_x)].flag == long_options[(_y)].flag &&                     \
       long_options[(_x)].val == long_options[(_y)].val)
  
      current_argv = place;
      match = -1;
      ambiguous = 0;
  
      optind++;
  
      if ((has_equal = strchr(current_argv, '=')) != NULL) {
          /* argument found (--option=arg) */
          current_argv_len = has_equal - current_argv;
          has_equal++;
      }
      else
          current_argv_len = strlen(current_argv);
  
      for (i = 0; long_options[i].name; i++) {
          /* find matching long option */
          if (strncmp(current_argv, long_options[i].name, current_argv_len))
              continue;
  
          if (strlen(long_options[i].name) == current_argv_len) {
              /* exact match */
              match = i;
              ambiguous = 0;
              break;
          }
          /*
           * If this is a known short option, don't allow
           * a partial match of a single character.
           */
          if (short_too && current_argv_len == 1)
              continue;
  
          if (match == -1) /* partial match */
              match = i;
          else if (!IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION(i, match))
              ambiguous = 1;
      }
      if (ambiguous) {
          /* ambiguous abbreviation */
          if (PRINT_ERROR)
              warnx(ambig, (int)current_argv_len, current_argv);
          optopt = 0;
          return (BADCH);
      }
      if (match != -1) { /* option found */
          if (long_options[match].has_arg == no_argument && has_equal) {
              if (PRINT_ERROR)
                  warnx(noarg, (int)current_argv_len, current_argv);
              /*
               * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
               */
              if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
                  optopt = long_options[match].val;
              else
                  optopt = 0;
              return (BADARG);
          }
          if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument ||
              long_options[match].has_arg == optional_argument) {
              if (has_equal)
                  optarg = has_equal;
              else if (long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument) {
                  /*
                   * optional argument doesn't use next nargv
                   */
                  optarg = nargv[optind++];
              }
          }
          if ((long_options[match].has_arg == required_argument) &&
              (optarg == NULL)) {
              /*
               * Missing argument; leading ':' indicates no error
               * should be generated.
               */
              if (PRINT_ERROR)
                  warnx(recargstring, current_argv);
              /*
               * XXX: GNU sets optopt to val regardless of flag
               */
              if (long_options[match].flag == NULL)
                  optopt = long_options[match].val;
              else
                  optopt = 0;
              --optind;
              return (BADARG);
          }
      }
      else { /* unknown option */
          if (short_too) {
              --optind;
              return (-1);
          }
          if (PRINT_ERROR)
              warnx(illoptstring, current_argv);
          optopt = 0;
          return (BADCH);
      }
      if (idx)
          *idx = match;
      if (long_options[match].flag) {
          *long_options[match].flag = long_options[match].val;
          return (0);
      }
      else
          return (long_options[match].val);
  #undef IDENTICAL_INTERPRETATION
  }
  
  /*
   * getopt_internal --
   *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.  Called by user level routines.
   */
  static int getopt_internal(int nargc, char *const *nargv, const char *options,
                             const struct option *long_options, int *idx,
                             int flags)
  {
      char *oli; /* option letter list index */
      int optchar, short_too;
      static int posixly_correct = -1;
  
      if (options == NULL)
          return (-1);
  
      /*
       * XXX Some GNU programs (like cvs) set optind to 0 instead of
       * XXX using optreset.  Work around this braindamage.
       */
      if (optind == 0)
          optind = optreset = 1;
  
      /*
       * Disable GNU extensions if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set or options
       * string begins with a '+'.
       *
       * CV, 2009-12-14: Check POSIXLY_CORRECT anew if optind == 0 or
       *                 optreset != 0 for GNU compatibility.
       */
      if (posixly_correct == -1 || optreset != 0)
          posixly_correct = (getenv("POSIXLY_CORRECT") != NULL);
      if (*options == '-')
          flags |= FLAG_ALLARGS;
      else if (posixly_correct || *options == '+')
          flags &= ~FLAG_PERMUTE;
      if (*options == '+' || *options == '-')
          options++;
  
      optarg = NULL;
      if (optreset)
          nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
  start:
      if (optreset || !*place) { /* update scanning pointer */
          optreset = 0;
          if (optind >= nargc) { /* end of argument vector */
              place = EMSG;
              if (nonopt_end != -1) {
                  /* do permutation, if we have to */
                  permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind, nargv);
                  optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
              }
              else if (nonopt_start != -1) {
                  /*
                   * If we skipped non-options, set optind
                   * to the first of them.
                   */
                  optind = nonopt_start;
              }
              nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
              return (-1);
          }
          if (*(place = nargv[optind]) != '-' ||
              (place[1] == '\0' && strchr(options, '-') == NULL)) {
              place = EMSG; /* found non-option */
              if (flags & FLAG_ALLARGS) {
                  /*
                   * GNU extension:
                   * return non-option as argument to option 1
                   */
                  optarg = nargv[optind++];
                  return (INORDER);
              }
              if (!(flags & FLAG_PERMUTE)) {
                  /*
                   * If no permutation wanted, stop parsing
                   * at first non-option.
                   */
                  return (-1);
              }
              /* do permutation */
              if (nonopt_start == -1)
                  nonopt_start = optind;
              else if (nonopt_end != -1) {
                  permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind, nargv);
                  nonopt_start = optind - (nonopt_end - nonopt_start);
                  nonopt_end = -1;
              }
              optind++;
              /* process next argument */
              goto start;
          }
          if (nonopt_start != -1 && nonopt_end == -1)
              nonopt_end = optind;
  
          /*
           * If we have "-" do nothing, if "--" we are done.
           */
          if (place[1] != '\0' && *++place == '-' && place[1] == '\0') {
              optind++;
              place = EMSG;
              /*
               * We found an option (--), so if we skipped
               * non-options, we have to permute.
               */
              if (nonopt_end != -1) {
                  permute_args(nonopt_start, nonopt_end, optind, nargv);
                  optind -= nonopt_end - nonopt_start;
              }
              nonopt_start = nonopt_end = -1;
              return (-1);
          }
      }
  
      /*
       * Check long options if:
       *  1) we were passed some
       *  2) the arg is not just "-"
       *  3) either the arg starts with -- we are getopt_long_only()
       */
      if (long_options != NULL && place != nargv[optind] &&
          (*place == '-' || (flags & FLAG_LONGONLY))) {
          short_too = 0;
          if (*place == '-')
              place++; /* --foo long option */
          else if (*place != ':' && strchr(options, *place) != NULL)
              short_too = 1; /* could be short option too */
  
          optchar =
              parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options, idx, short_too);
          if (optchar != -1) {
              place = EMSG;
              return (optchar);
          }
      }
  
      if ((optchar = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
          (optchar == (int)'-' && *place != '\0') ||
          (oli = (char *)strchr(options, optchar)) == NULL) {
          /*
           * If the user specified "-" and  '-' isn't listed in
           * options, return -1 (non-option) as per POSIX.
           * Otherwise, it is an unknown option character (or ':').
           */
          if (optchar == (int)'-' && *place == '\0')
              return (-1);
          if (!*place)
              ++optind;
          if (PRINT_ERROR)
              warnx(illoptchar, optchar);
          optopt = optchar;
          return (BADCH);
      }
      if (long_options != NULL && optchar == 'W' && oli[1] == ';') {
          /* -W long-option */
          if (*place) /* no space */
              /* NOTHING */;
          else if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */
              place = EMSG;
              if (PRINT_ERROR)
                  warnx(recargchar, optchar);
              optopt = optchar;
              return (BADARG);
          }
          else /* white space */
              place = nargv[optind];
          optchar = parse_long_options(nargv, options, long_options, idx, 0);
          place = EMSG;
          return (optchar);
      }
      if (*++oli != ':') { /* doesn't take argument */
          if (!*place)
              ++optind;
      }
      else { /* takes (optional) argument */
          optarg = NULL;
          if (*place) /* no white space */
              optarg = place;
          else if (oli[1] != ':') {    /* arg not optional */
              if (++optind >= nargc) { /* no arg */
                  place = EMSG;
                  if (PRINT_ERROR)
                      warnx(recargchar, optchar);
                  optopt = optchar;
                  return (BADARG);
              }
              else
                  optarg = nargv[optind];
          }
          place = EMSG;
          ++optind;
      }
      /* dump back option letter */
      return (optchar);
  }
  
  /*
   * getopt_long --
   *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
   */
  int getopt_long(int nargc, char *const *nargv, const char *options,
                  const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
  {
  
      return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
                              FLAG_PERMUTE));
  }
  
  /*
   * getopt_long_only --
   *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
   */
  int getopt_long_only(int nargc, char *const *nargv, const char *options,
                       const struct option *long_options, int *idx)
  {
  
      return (getopt_internal(nargc, nargv, options, long_options, idx,
                              FLAG_PERMUTE | FLAG_LONGONLY));
  }
  
  // extern int getopt_long(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char *options,
  //    const struct option *long_options, int *idx);
  // extern int getopt_long_only(int nargc, char * const *nargv, const char
  // *options,
  //    const struct option *long_options, int *idx);
  /*
   * Previous MinGW implementation had...
   */
  #ifndef HAVE_DECL_GETOPT
  /*
   * ...for the long form API only; keep this for compatibility.
   */
  #define HAVE_DECL_GETOPT 1
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  
  #endif /* !defined(__UNISTD_H_SOURCED__) && !defined(__GETOPT_LONG_H__) */