text: from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
  from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
  from django.urls import reverse
  from django.views import generic
  
  from .models import Choice, Question
  
  # Create your views here.
  class IndexView(generic.ListView):
      template_name = 'polls/index.html'
      context_object_name = 'latest_question_list'
  
      def get_queryset(self):
          """Return the last five published questions."""
          return Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]
  
  
  class DetailView(generic.DetailView):
      model = Question
      template_name = 'polls/detail.html'
  
  
  class ResultsView(generic.DetailView):
      model = Question
      template_name = 'polls/results.html'
  
  def vote(request, question_id):
      question = get_object_or_404(Question, pk=question_id)
      try:
          selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST["choice"])
      except (KeyError, Choice.DoesNotExist):
          return render(request, 'polls/detail.html', {
              'question': question,
              'error_message': "You didn't select a choice.",
          })
      else:
          selected_choice.votes += 1
          selected_choice.save()
  
          # return HttpRepsonseRedirect to prevent duplicate POST
          return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("results", args=(question_id,)))
  