text: # Copyright 2001-2021 by Vinay Sajip. All Rights Reserved.
  #
  # Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
  # documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
  # provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
  # both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
  # supporting documentation, and that the name of Vinay Sajip
  # not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
  # of the software without specific, written prior permission.
  # VINAY SAJIP DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING
  # ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  # VINAY SAJIP BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR
  # ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
  # IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
  # OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  
  """Test harness for the logging module. Run all tests.
  
  Copyright (C) 2001-2021 Vinay Sajip. All Rights Reserved.
  """
  
  import logging
  import logging.handlers
  import logging.config
  
  import codecs
  import configparser
  import copy
  import datetime
  import pathlib
  import pickle
  import io
  import gc
  import json
  import os
  import queue
  import random
  import re
  import shutil
  import socket
  import struct
  import sys
  import tempfile
  from test.support.script_helper import assert_python_ok, assert_python_failure
  from test import support
  from test.support import os_helper
  from test.support import socket_helper
  from test.support import threading_helper
  from test.support import warnings_helper
  from test.support.logging_helper import TestHandler
  import textwrap
  import threading
  import time
  import unittest
  import warnings
  import weakref
  
  from http.server import HTTPServer, BaseHTTPRequestHandler
  from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs
  from socketserver import (ThreadingUDPServer, DatagramRequestHandler,
                            ThreadingTCPServer, StreamRequestHandler)
  
  with warnings.catch_warnings():
      warnings.simplefilter('ignore', DeprecationWarning)
      import asyncore
      import smtpd
  
  try:
      import win32evtlog, win32evtlogutil, pywintypes
  except ImportError:
      win32evtlog = win32evtlogutil = pywintypes = None
  
  try:
      import zlib
  except ImportError:
      pass
  
  class BaseTest(unittest.TestCase):
  
      """Base class for logging tests."""
  
      log_format = "%(name)s -> %(levelname)s: %(message)s"
      expected_log_pat = r"^([\w.]+) -> (\w+): (\d+)$"
      message_num = 0
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Setup the default logging stream to an internal StringIO instance,
          so that we can examine log output as we want."""
          self._threading_key = threading_helper.threading_setup()
  
          logger_dict = logging.getLogger().manager.loggerDict
          logging._acquireLock()
          try:
              self.saved_handlers = logging._handlers.copy()
              self.saved_handler_list = logging._handlerList[:]
              self.saved_loggers = saved_loggers = logger_dict.copy()
              self.saved_name_to_level = logging._nameToLevel.copy()
              self.saved_level_to_name = logging._levelToName.copy()
              self.logger_states = logger_states = {}
              for name in saved_loggers:
                  logger_states[name] = getattr(saved_loggers[name],
                                                'disabled', None)
          finally:
              logging._releaseLock()
  
          # Set two unused loggers
          self.logger1 = logging.getLogger("\xab\xd7\xbb")
          self.logger2 = logging.getLogger("\u013f\u00d6\u0047")
  
          self.root_logger = logging.getLogger("")
          self.original_logging_level = self.root_logger.getEffectiveLevel()
  
          self.stream = io.StringIO()
          self.root_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
          self.root_hdlr = logging.StreamHandler(self.stream)
          self.root_formatter = logging.Formatter(self.log_format)
          self.root_hdlr.setFormatter(self.root_formatter)
          if self.logger1.hasHandlers():
              hlist = self.logger1.handlers + self.root_logger.handlers
              raise AssertionError('Unexpected handlers: %s' % hlist)
          if self.logger2.hasHandlers():
              hlist = self.logger2.handlers + self.root_logger.handlers
              raise AssertionError('Unexpected handlers: %s' % hlist)
          self.root_logger.addHandler(self.root_hdlr)
          self.assertTrue(self.logger1.hasHandlers())
          self.assertTrue(self.logger2.hasHandlers())
  
      def tearDown(self):
          """Remove our logging stream, and restore the original logging
          level."""
          self.stream.close()
          self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.root_hdlr)
          while self.root_logger.handlers:
              h = self.root_logger.handlers[0]
              self.root_logger.removeHandler(h)
              h.close()
          self.root_logger.setLevel(self.original_logging_level)
          logging._acquireLock()
          try:
              logging._levelToName.clear()
              logging._levelToName.update(self.saved_level_to_name)
              logging._nameToLevel.clear()
              logging._nameToLevel.update(self.saved_name_to_level)
              logging._handlers.clear()
              logging._handlers.update(self.saved_handlers)
              logging._handlerList[:] = self.saved_handler_list
              manager = logging.getLogger().manager
              manager.disable = 0
              loggerDict = manager.loggerDict
              loggerDict.clear()
              loggerDict.update(self.saved_loggers)
              logger_states = self.logger_states
              for name in self.logger_states:
                  if logger_states[name] is not None:
                      self.saved_loggers[name].disabled = logger_states[name]
          finally:
              logging._releaseLock()
  
          self.doCleanups()
          threading_helper.threading_cleanup(*self._threading_key)
  
      def assert_log_lines(self, expected_values, stream=None, pat=None):
          """Match the collected log lines against the regular expression
          self.expected_log_pat, and compare the extracted group values to
          the expected_values list of tuples."""
          stream = stream or self.stream
          pat = re.compile(pat or self.expected_log_pat)
          actual_lines = stream.getvalue().splitlines()
          self.assertEqual(len(actual_lines), len(expected_values))
          for actual, expected in zip(actual_lines, expected_values):
              match = pat.search(actual)
              if not match:
                  self.fail("Log line does not match expected pattern:\n" +
                              actual)
              self.assertEqual(tuple(match.groups()), expected)
          s = stream.read()
          if s:
              self.fail("Remaining output at end of log stream:\n" + s)
  
      def next_message(self):
          """Generate a message consisting solely of an auto-incrementing
          integer."""
          self.message_num += 1
          return "%d" % self.message_num
  
  
  class BuiltinLevelsTest(BaseTest):
      """Test builtin levels and their inheritance."""
  
      def test_flat(self):
          # Logging levels in a flat logger namespace.
          m = self.next_message
  
          ERR = logging.getLogger("ERR")
          ERR.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
          INF = logging.LoggerAdapter(logging.getLogger("INF"), {})
          INF.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          DEB = logging.getLogger("DEB")
          DEB.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
  
          # These should log.
          ERR.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          ERR.error(m())
  
          INF.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          INF.error(m())
          INF.warning(m())
          INF.info(m())
  
          DEB.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          DEB.error(m())
          DEB.warning(m())
          DEB.info(m())
          DEB.debug(m())
  
          # These should not log.
          ERR.warning(m())
          ERR.info(m())
          ERR.debug(m())
  
          INF.debug(m())
  
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('ERR', 'CRITICAL', '1'),
              ('ERR', 'ERROR', '2'),
              ('INF', 'CRITICAL', '3'),
              ('INF', 'ERROR', '4'),
              ('INF', 'WARNING', '5'),
              ('INF', 'INFO', '6'),
              ('DEB', 'CRITICAL', '7'),
              ('DEB', 'ERROR', '8'),
              ('DEB', 'WARNING', '9'),
              ('DEB', 'INFO', '10'),
              ('DEB', 'DEBUG', '11'),
          ])
  
      def test_nested_explicit(self):
          # Logging levels in a nested namespace, all explicitly set.
          m = self.next_message
  
          INF = logging.getLogger("INF")
          INF.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          INF_ERR  = logging.getLogger("INF.ERR")
          INF_ERR.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
  
          # These should log.
          INF_ERR.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          INF_ERR.error(m())
  
          # These should not log.
          INF_ERR.warning(m())
          INF_ERR.info(m())
          INF_ERR.debug(m())
  
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INF.ERR', 'CRITICAL', '1'),
              ('INF.ERR', 'ERROR', '2'),
          ])
  
      def test_nested_inherited(self):
          # Logging levels in a nested namespace, inherited from parent loggers.
          m = self.next_message
  
          INF = logging.getLogger("INF")
          INF.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          INF_ERR  = logging.getLogger("INF.ERR")
          INF_ERR.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
          INF_UNDEF = logging.getLogger("INF.UNDEF")
          INF_ERR_UNDEF = logging.getLogger("INF.ERR.UNDEF")
          UNDEF = logging.getLogger("UNDEF")
  
          # These should log.
          INF_UNDEF.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          INF_UNDEF.error(m())
          INF_UNDEF.warning(m())
          INF_UNDEF.info(m())
          INF_ERR_UNDEF.log(logging.CRITICAL, m())
          INF_ERR_UNDEF.error(m())
  
          # These should not log.
          INF_UNDEF.debug(m())
          INF_ERR_UNDEF.warning(m())
          INF_ERR_UNDEF.info(m())
          INF_ERR_UNDEF.debug(m())
  
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INF.UNDEF', 'CRITICAL', '1'),
              ('INF.UNDEF', 'ERROR', '2'),
              ('INF.UNDEF', 'WARNING', '3'),
              ('INF.UNDEF', 'INFO', '4'),
              ('INF.ERR.UNDEF', 'CRITICAL', '5'),
              ('INF.ERR.UNDEF', 'ERROR', '6'),
          ])
  
      def test_nested_with_virtual_parent(self):
          # Logging levels when some parent does not exist yet.
          m = self.next_message
  
          INF = logging.getLogger("INF")
          GRANDCHILD = logging.getLogger("INF.BADPARENT.UNDEF")
          CHILD = logging.getLogger("INF.BADPARENT")
          INF.setLevel(logging.INFO)
  
          # These should log.
          GRANDCHILD.log(logging.FATAL, m())
          GRANDCHILD.info(m())
          CHILD.log(logging.FATAL, m())
          CHILD.info(m())
  
          # These should not log.
          GRANDCHILD.debug(m())
          CHILD.debug(m())
  
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INF.BADPARENT.UNDEF', 'CRITICAL', '1'),
              ('INF.BADPARENT.UNDEF', 'INFO', '2'),
              ('INF.BADPARENT', 'CRITICAL', '3'),
              ('INF.BADPARENT', 'INFO', '4'),
          ])
  
      def test_regression_22386(self):
          """See issue #22386 for more information."""
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLevelName('INFO'), logging.INFO)
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLevelName(logging.INFO), 'INFO')
  
      def test_issue27935(self):
          fatal = logging.getLevelName('FATAL')
          self.assertEqual(fatal, logging.FATAL)
  
      def test_regression_29220(self):
          """See issue #29220 for more information."""
          logging.addLevelName(logging.INFO, '')
          self.addCleanup(logging.addLevelName, logging.INFO, 'INFO')
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLevelName(logging.INFO), '')
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLevelName(logging.NOTSET), 'NOTSET')
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLevelName('NOTSET'), logging.NOTSET)
  
  class BasicFilterTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test the bundled Filter class."""
  
      def test_filter(self):
          # Only messages satisfying the specified criteria pass through the
          #  filter.
          filter_ = logging.Filter("spam.eggs")
          handler = self.root_logger.handlers[0]
          try:
              handler.addFilter(filter_)
              spam = logging.getLogger("spam")
              spam_eggs = logging.getLogger("spam.eggs")
              spam_eggs_fish = logging.getLogger("spam.eggs.fish")
              spam_bakedbeans = logging.getLogger("spam.bakedbeans")
  
              spam.info(self.next_message())
              spam_eggs.info(self.next_message())  # Good.
              spam_eggs_fish.info(self.next_message())  # Good.
              spam_bakedbeans.info(self.next_message())
  
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('spam.eggs', 'INFO', '2'),
                  ('spam.eggs.fish', 'INFO', '3'),
              ])
          finally:
              handler.removeFilter(filter_)
  
      def test_callable_filter(self):
          # Only messages satisfying the specified criteria pass through the
          #  filter.
  
          def filterfunc(record):
              parts = record.name.split('.')
              prefix = '.'.join(parts[:2])
              return prefix == 'spam.eggs'
  
          handler = self.root_logger.handlers[0]
          try:
              handler.addFilter(filterfunc)
              spam = logging.getLogger("spam")
              spam_eggs = logging.getLogger("spam.eggs")
              spam_eggs_fish = logging.getLogger("spam.eggs.fish")
              spam_bakedbeans = logging.getLogger("spam.bakedbeans")
  
              spam.info(self.next_message())
              spam_eggs.info(self.next_message())  # Good.
              spam_eggs_fish.info(self.next_message())  # Good.
              spam_bakedbeans.info(self.next_message())
  
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('spam.eggs', 'INFO', '2'),
                  ('spam.eggs.fish', 'INFO', '3'),
              ])
          finally:
              handler.removeFilter(filterfunc)
  
      def test_empty_filter(self):
          f = logging.Filter()
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({'name': 'spam.eggs'})
          self.assertTrue(f.filter(r))
  
  #
  #   First, we define our levels. There can be as many as you want - the only
  #     limitations are that they should be integers, the lowest should be > 0 and
  #   larger values mean less information being logged. If you need specific
  #   level values which do not fit into these limitations, you can use a
  #   mapping dictionary to convert between your application levels and the
  #   logging system.
  #
  SILENT      = 120
  TACITURN    = 119
  TERSE       = 118
  EFFUSIVE    = 117
  SOCIABLE    = 116
  VERBOSE     = 115
  TALKATIVE   = 114
  GARRULOUS   = 113
  CHATTERBOX  = 112
  BORING      = 111
  
  LEVEL_RANGE = range(BORING, SILENT + 1)
  
  #
  #   Next, we define names for our levels. You don't need to do this - in which
  #   case the system will use "Level n" to denote the text for the level.
  #
  my_logging_levels = {
      SILENT      : 'Silent',
      TACITURN    : 'Taciturn',
      TERSE       : 'Terse',
      EFFUSIVE    : 'Effusive',
      SOCIABLE    : 'Sociable',
      VERBOSE     : 'Verbose',
      TALKATIVE   : 'Talkative',
      GARRULOUS   : 'Garrulous',
      CHATTERBOX  : 'Chatterbox',
      BORING      : 'Boring',
  }
  
  class GarrulousFilter(logging.Filter):
  
      """A filter which blocks garrulous messages."""
  
      def filter(self, record):
          return record.levelno != GARRULOUS
  
  class VerySpecificFilter(logging.Filter):
  
      """A filter which blocks sociable and taciturn messages."""
  
      def filter(self, record):
          return record.levelno not in [SOCIABLE, TACITURN]
  
  
  class CustomLevelsAndFiltersTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test various filtering possibilities with custom logging levels."""
  
      # Skip the logger name group.
      expected_log_pat = r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$"
  
      def setUp(self):
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          for k, v in my_logging_levels.items():
              logging.addLevelName(k, v)
  
      def log_at_all_levels(self, logger):
          for lvl in LEVEL_RANGE:
              logger.log(lvl, self.next_message())
  
      def test_logger_filter(self):
          # Filter at logger level.
          self.root_logger.setLevel(VERBOSE)
          # Levels >= 'Verbose' are good.
          self.log_at_all_levels(self.root_logger)
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('Verbose', '5'),
              ('Sociable', '6'),
              ('Effusive', '7'),
              ('Terse', '8'),
              ('Taciturn', '9'),
              ('Silent', '10'),
          ])
  
      def test_handler_filter(self):
          # Filter at handler level.
          self.root_logger.handlers[0].setLevel(SOCIABLE)
          try:
              # Levels >= 'Sociable' are good.
              self.log_at_all_levels(self.root_logger)
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('Sociable', '6'),
                  ('Effusive', '7'),
                  ('Terse', '8'),
                  ('Taciturn', '9'),
                  ('Silent', '10'),
              ])
          finally:
              self.root_logger.handlers[0].setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
  
      def test_specific_filters(self):
          # Set a specific filter object on the handler, and then add another
          #  filter object on the logger itself.
          handler = self.root_logger.handlers[0]
          specific_filter = None
          garr = GarrulousFilter()
          handler.addFilter(garr)
          try:
              self.log_at_all_levels(self.root_logger)
              first_lines = [
                  # Notice how 'Garrulous' is missing
                  ('Boring', '1'),
                  ('Chatterbox', '2'),
                  ('Talkative', '4'),
                  ('Verbose', '5'),
                  ('Sociable', '6'),
                  ('Effusive', '7'),
                  ('Terse', '8'),
                  ('Taciturn', '9'),
                  ('Silent', '10'),
              ]
              self.assert_log_lines(first_lines)
  
              specific_filter = VerySpecificFilter()
              self.root_logger.addFilter(specific_filter)
              self.log_at_all_levels(self.root_logger)
              self.assert_log_lines(first_lines + [
                  # Not only 'Garrulous' is still missing, but also 'Sociable'
                  # and 'Taciturn'
                  ('Boring', '11'),
                  ('Chatterbox', '12'),
                  ('Talkative', '14'),
                  ('Verbose', '15'),
                  ('Effusive', '17'),
                  ('Terse', '18'),
                  ('Silent', '20'),
          ])
          finally:
              if specific_filter:
                  self.root_logger.removeFilter(specific_filter)
              handler.removeFilter(garr)
  
  
  class HandlerTest(BaseTest):
      def test_name(self):
          h = logging.Handler()
          h.name = 'generic'
          self.assertEqual(h.name, 'generic')
          h.name = 'anothergeneric'
          self.assertEqual(h.name, 'anothergeneric')
          self.assertRaises(NotImplementedError, h.emit, None)
  
      def test_builtin_handlers(self):
          # We can't actually *use* too many handlers in the tests,
          # but we can try instantiating them with various options
          if sys.platform in ('linux', 'darwin'):
              for existing in (True, False):
                  fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp()
                  os.close(fd)
                  if not existing:
                      os.unlink(fn)
                  h = logging.handlers.WatchedFileHandler(fn, encoding='utf-8', delay=True)
                  if existing:
                      dev, ino = h.dev, h.ino
                      self.assertEqual(dev, -1)
                      self.assertEqual(ino, -1)
                      r = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'Test'})
                      h.handle(r)
                      # Now remove the file.
                      os.unlink(fn)
                      self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(fn))
                      # The next call should recreate the file.
                      h.handle(r)
                      self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fn))
                  else:
                      self.assertEqual(h.dev, -1)
                      self.assertEqual(h.ino, -1)
                  h.close()
                  if existing:
                      os.unlink(fn)
              if sys.platform == 'darwin':
                  sockname = '/var/run/syslog'
              else:
                  sockname = '/dev/log'
              try:
                  h = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler(sockname)
                  self.assertEqual(h.facility, h.LOG_USER)
                  self.assertTrue(h.unixsocket)
                  h.close()
              except OSError: # syslogd might not be available
                  pass
          for method in ('GET', 'POST', 'PUT'):
              if method == 'PUT':
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.handlers.HTTPHandler,
                                    'localhost', '/log', method)
              else:
                  h = logging.handlers.HTTPHandler('localhost', '/log', method)
                  h.close()
          h = logging.handlers.BufferingHandler(0)
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
          self.assertTrue(h.shouldFlush(r))
          h.close()
          h = logging.handlers.BufferingHandler(1)
          self.assertFalse(h.shouldFlush(r))
          h.close()
  
      def test_path_objects(self):
          """
          Test that Path objects are accepted as filename arguments to handlers.
  
          See Issue #27493.
          """
          fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp()
          os.close(fd)
          os.unlink(fn)
          pfn = pathlib.Path(fn)
          cases = (
                      (logging.FileHandler, (pfn, 'w')),
                      (logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler, (pfn, 'a')),
                      (logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler, (pfn, 'h')),
                  )
          if sys.platform in ('linux', 'darwin'):
              cases += ((logging.handlers.WatchedFileHandler, (pfn, 'w')),)
          for cls, args in cases:
              h = cls(*args, encoding="utf-8")
              self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(fn))
              h.close()
              os.unlink(fn)
  
      @unittest.skipIf(os.name == 'nt', 'WatchedFileHandler not appropriate for Windows.')
      def test_race(self):
          # Issue #14632 refers.
          def remove_loop(fname, tries):
              for _ in range(tries):
                  try:
                      os.unlink(fname)
                      self.deletion_time = time.time()
                  except OSError:
                      pass
                  time.sleep(0.004 * random.randint(0, 4))
  
          del_count = 500
          log_count = 500
  
          self.handle_time = None
          self.deletion_time = None
  
          for delay in (False, True):
              fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp('.log', 'test_logging-3-')
              os.close(fd)
              remover = threading.Thread(target=remove_loop, args=(fn, del_count))
              remover.daemon = True
              remover.start()
              h = logging.handlers.WatchedFileHandler(fn, encoding='utf-8', delay=delay)
              f = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s: %(levelname)s: %(message)s')
              h.setFormatter(f)
              try:
                  for _ in range(log_count):
                      time.sleep(0.005)
                      r = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'testing' })
                      try:
                          self.handle_time = time.time()
                          h.handle(r)
                      except Exception:
                          print('Deleted at %s, '
                                'opened at %s' % (self.deletion_time,
                                                  self.handle_time))
                          raise
              finally:
                  remover.join()
                  h.close()
                  if os.path.exists(fn):
                      os.unlink(fn)
  
      # The implementation relies on os.register_at_fork existing, but we test
      # based on os.fork existing because that is what users and this test use.
      # This helps ensure that when fork exists (the important concept) that the
      # register_at_fork mechanism is also present and used.
      @unittest.skipIf(not hasattr(os, 'fork'), 'Test requires os.fork().')
      def test_post_fork_child_no_deadlock(self):
          """Ensure child logging locks are not held; bpo-6721 & bpo-36533."""
          class _OurHandler(logging.Handler):
              def __init__(self):
                  super().__init__()
                  self.sub_handler = logging.StreamHandler(
                      stream=open('/dev/null', 'wt', encoding='utf-8'))
  
              def emit(self, record):
                  self.sub_handler.acquire()
                  try:
                      self.sub_handler.emit(record)
                  finally:
                      self.sub_handler.release()
  
          self.assertEqual(len(logging._handlers), 0)
          refed_h = _OurHandler()
          self.addCleanup(refed_h.sub_handler.stream.close)
          refed_h.name = 'because we need at least one for this test'
          self.assertGreater(len(logging._handlers), 0)
          self.assertGreater(len(logging._at_fork_reinit_lock_weakset), 1)
          test_logger = logging.getLogger('test_post_fork_child_no_deadlock')
          test_logger.addHandler(refed_h)
          test_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
  
          locks_held__ready_to_fork = threading.Event()
          fork_happened__release_locks_and_end_thread = threading.Event()
  
          def lock_holder_thread_fn():
              logging._acquireLock()
              try:
                  refed_h.acquire()
                  try:
                      # Tell the main thread to do the fork.
                      locks_held__ready_to_fork.set()
  
                      # If the deadlock bug exists, the fork will happen
                      # without dealing with the locks we hold, deadlocking
                      # the child.
  
                      # Wait for a successful fork or an unreasonable amount of
                      # time before releasing our locks.  To avoid a timing based
                      # test we'd need communication from os.fork() as to when it
                      # has actually happened.  Given this is a regression test
                      # for a fixed issue, potentially less reliably detecting
                      # regression via timing is acceptable for simplicity.
                      # The test will always take at least this long. :(
                      fork_happened__release_locks_and_end_thread.wait(0.5)
                  finally:
                      refed_h.release()
              finally:
                  logging._releaseLock()
  
          lock_holder_thread = threading.Thread(
                  target=lock_holder_thread_fn,
                  name='test_post_fork_child_no_deadlock lock holder')
          lock_holder_thread.start()
  
          locks_held__ready_to_fork.wait()
          pid = os.fork()
          if pid == 0:
              # Child process
              try:
                  test_logger.info(r'Child process did not deadlock. \o/')
              finally:
                  os._exit(0)
          else:
              # Parent process
              test_logger.info(r'Parent process returned from fork. \o/')
              fork_happened__release_locks_and_end_thread.set()
              lock_holder_thread.join()
  
              support.wait_process(pid, exitcode=0)
  
  
  class BadStream(object):
      def write(self, data):
          raise RuntimeError('deliberate mistake')
  
  class TestStreamHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
      def handleError(self, record):
          self.error_record = record
  
  class StreamWithIntName(object):
      level = logging.NOTSET
      name = 2
  
  class StreamHandlerTest(BaseTest):
      def test_error_handling(self):
          h = TestStreamHandler(BadStream())
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
          old_raise = logging.raiseExceptions
  
          try:
              h.handle(r)
              self.assertIs(h.error_record, r)
  
              h = logging.StreamHandler(BadStream())
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  h.handle(r)
                  msg = '\nRuntimeError: deliberate mistake\n'
                  self.assertIn(msg, stderr.getvalue())
  
              logging.raiseExceptions = False
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  h.handle(r)
                  self.assertEqual('', stderr.getvalue())
          finally:
              logging.raiseExceptions = old_raise
  
      def test_stream_setting(self):
          """
          Test setting the handler's stream
          """
          h = logging.StreamHandler()
          stream = io.StringIO()
          old = h.setStream(stream)
          self.assertIs(old, sys.stderr)
          actual = h.setStream(old)
          self.assertIs(actual, stream)
          # test that setting to existing value returns None
          actual = h.setStream(old)
          self.assertIsNone(actual)
  
      def test_can_represent_stream_with_int_name(self):
          h = logging.StreamHandler(StreamWithIntName())
          self.assertEqual(repr(h), '<StreamHandler 2 (NOTSET)>')
  
  # -- The following section could be moved into a server_helper.py module
  # -- if it proves to be of wider utility than just test_logging
  
  class TestSMTPServer(smtpd.SMTPServer):
      """
      This class implements a test SMTP server.
  
      :param addr: A (host, port) tuple which the server listens on.
                   You can specify a port value of zero: the server's
                   *port* attribute will hold the actual port number
                   used, which can be used in client connections.
      :param handler: A callable which will be called to process
                      incoming messages. The handler will be passed
                      the client address tuple, who the message is from,
                      a list of recipients and the message data.
      :param poll_interval: The interval, in seconds, used in the underlying
                            :func:`select` or :func:`poll` call by
                            :func:`asyncore.loop`.
      :param sockmap: A dictionary which will be used to hold
                      :class:`asyncore.dispatcher` instances used by
                      :func:`asyncore.loop`. This avoids changing the
                      :mod:`asyncore` module's global state.
      """
  
      def __init__(self, addr, handler, poll_interval, sockmap):
          smtpd.SMTPServer.__init__(self, addr, None, map=sockmap,
                                    decode_data=True)
          self.port = self.socket.getsockname()[1]
          self._handler = handler
          self._thread = None
          self._quit = False
          self.poll_interval = poll_interval
  
      def process_message(self, peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data):
          """
          Delegates to the handler passed in to the server's constructor.
  
          Typically, this will be a test case method.
          :param peer: The client (host, port) tuple.
          :param mailfrom: The address of the sender.
          :param rcpttos: The addresses of the recipients.
          :param data: The message.
          """
          self._handler(peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data)
  
      def start(self):
          """
          Start the server running on a separate daemon thread.
          """
          self._thread = t = threading.Thread(target=self.serve_forever,
                                              args=(self.poll_interval,))
          t.daemon = True
          t.start()
  
      def serve_forever(self, poll_interval):
          """
          Run the :mod:`asyncore` loop until normal termination
          conditions arise.
          :param poll_interval: The interval, in seconds, used in the underlying
                                :func:`select` or :func:`poll` call by
                                :func:`asyncore.loop`.
          """
          while not self._quit:
              asyncore.loop(poll_interval, map=self._map, count=1)
  
      def stop(self):
          """
          Stop the thread by closing the server instance.
          Wait for the server thread to terminate.
          """
          self._quit = True
          threading_helper.join_thread(self._thread)
          self._thread = None
          self.close()
          asyncore.close_all(map=self._map, ignore_all=True)
  
  
  class ControlMixin(object):
      """
      This mixin is used to start a server on a separate thread, and
      shut it down programmatically. Request handling is simplified - instead
      of needing to derive a suitable RequestHandler subclass, you just
      provide a callable which will be passed each received request to be
      processed.
  
      :param handler: A handler callable which will be called with a
                      single parameter - the request - in order to
                      process the request. This handler is called on the
                      server thread, effectively meaning that requests are
                      processed serially. While not quite web scale ;-),
                      this should be fine for testing applications.
      :param poll_interval: The polling interval in seconds.
      """
      def __init__(self, handler, poll_interval):
          self._thread = None
          self.poll_interval = poll_interval
          self._handler = handler
          self.ready = threading.Event()
  
      def start(self):
          """
          Create a daemon thread to run the server, and start it.
          """
          self._thread = t = threading.Thread(target=self.serve_forever,
                                              args=(self.poll_interval,))
          t.daemon = True
          t.start()
  
      def serve_forever(self, poll_interval):
          """
          Run the server. Set the ready flag before entering the
          service loop.
          """
          self.ready.set()
          super(ControlMixin, self).serve_forever(poll_interval)
  
      def stop(self):
          """
          Tell the server thread to stop, and wait for it to do so.
          """
          self.shutdown()
          if self._thread is not None:
              threading_helper.join_thread(self._thread)
              self._thread = None
          self.server_close()
          self.ready.clear()
  
  class TestHTTPServer(ControlMixin, HTTPServer):
      """
      An HTTP server which is controllable using :class:`ControlMixin`.
  
      :param addr: A tuple with the IP address and port to listen on.
      :param handler: A handler callable which will be called with a
                      single parameter - the request - in order to
                      process the request.
      :param poll_interval: The polling interval in seconds.
      :param log: Pass ``True`` to enable log messages.
      """
      def __init__(self, addr, handler, poll_interval=0.5,
                   log=False, sslctx=None):
          class DelegatingHTTPRequestHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
              def __getattr__(self, name, default=None):
                  if name.startswith('do_'):
                      return self.process_request
                  raise AttributeError(name)
  
              def process_request(self):
                  self.server._handler(self)
  
              def log_message(self, format, *args):
                  if log:
                      super(DelegatingHTTPRequestHandler,
                            self).log_message(format, *args)
          HTTPServer.__init__(self, addr, DelegatingHTTPRequestHandler)
          ControlMixin.__init__(self, handler, poll_interval)
          self.sslctx = sslctx
  
      def get_request(self):
          try:
              sock, addr = self.socket.accept()
              if self.sslctx:
                  sock = self.sslctx.wrap_socket(sock, server_side=True)
          except OSError as e:
              # socket errors are silenced by the caller, print them here
              sys.stderr.write("Got an error:\n%s\n" % e)
              raise
          return sock, addr
  
  class TestTCPServer(ControlMixin, ThreadingTCPServer):
      """
      A TCP server which is controllable using :class:`ControlMixin`.
  
      :param addr: A tuple with the IP address and port to listen on.
      :param handler: A handler callable which will be called with a single
                      parameter - the request - in order to process the request.
      :param poll_interval: The polling interval in seconds.
      :bind_and_activate: If True (the default), binds the server and starts it
                          listening. If False, you need to call
                          :meth:`server_bind` and :meth:`server_activate` at
                          some later time before calling :meth:`start`, so that
                          the server will set up the socket and listen on it.
      """
  
      allow_reuse_address = True
  
      def __init__(self, addr, handler, poll_interval=0.5,
                   bind_and_activate=True):
          class DelegatingTCPRequestHandler(StreamRequestHandler):
  
              def handle(self):
                  self.server._handler(self)
          ThreadingTCPServer.__init__(self, addr, DelegatingTCPRequestHandler,
                                      bind_and_activate)
          ControlMixin.__init__(self, handler, poll_interval)
  
      def server_bind(self):
          super(TestTCPServer, self).server_bind()
          self.port = self.socket.getsockname()[1]
  
  class TestUDPServer(ControlMixin, ThreadingUDPServer):
      """
      A UDP server which is controllable using :class:`ControlMixin`.
  
      :param addr: A tuple with the IP address and port to listen on.
      :param handler: A handler callable which will be called with a
                      single parameter - the request - in order to
                      process the request.
      :param poll_interval: The polling interval for shutdown requests,
                            in seconds.
      :bind_and_activate: If True (the default), binds the server and
                          starts it listening. If False, you need to
                          call :meth:`server_bind` and
                          :meth:`server_activate` at some later time
                          before calling :meth:`start`, so that the server will
                          set up the socket and listen on it.
      """
      def __init__(self, addr, handler, poll_interval=0.5,
                   bind_and_activate=True):
          class DelegatingUDPRequestHandler(DatagramRequestHandler):
  
              def handle(self):
                  self.server._handler(self)
  
              def finish(self):
                  data = self.wfile.getvalue()
                  if data:
                      try:
                          super(DelegatingUDPRequestHandler, self).finish()
                      except OSError:
                          if not self.server._closed:
                              raise
  
          ThreadingUDPServer.__init__(self, addr,
                                      DelegatingUDPRequestHandler,
                                      bind_and_activate)
          ControlMixin.__init__(self, handler, poll_interval)
          self._closed = False
  
      def server_bind(self):
          super(TestUDPServer, self).server_bind()
          self.port = self.socket.getsockname()[1]
  
      def server_close(self):
          super(TestUDPServer, self).server_close()
          self._closed = True
  
  if hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"):
      class TestUnixStreamServer(TestTCPServer):
          address_family = socket.AF_UNIX
  
      class TestUnixDatagramServer(TestUDPServer):
          address_family = socket.AF_UNIX
  
  # - end of server_helper section
  
  class SMTPHandlerTest(BaseTest):
      # bpo-14314, bpo-19665, bpo-34092: don't wait forever
      TIMEOUT = support.LONG_TIMEOUT
  
      def test_basic(self):
          sockmap = {}
          server = TestSMTPServer((socket_helper.HOST, 0), self.process_message, 0.001,
                                  sockmap)
          server.start()
          addr = (socket_helper.HOST, server.port)
          h = logging.handlers.SMTPHandler(addr, 'me', 'you', 'Log',
                                           timeout=self.TIMEOUT)
          self.assertEqual(h.toaddrs, ['you'])
          self.messages = []
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'Hello \u2713'})
          self.handled = threading.Event()
          h.handle(r)
          self.handled.wait(self.TIMEOUT)
          server.stop()
          self.assertTrue(self.handled.is_set())
          self.assertEqual(len(self.messages), 1)
          peer, mailfrom, rcpttos, data = self.messages[0]
          self.assertEqual(mailfrom, 'me')
          self.assertEqual(rcpttos, ['you'])
          self.assertIn('\nSubject: Log\n', data)
          self.assertTrue(data.endswith('\n\nHello \u2713'))
          h.close()
  
      def process_message(self, *args):
          self.messages.append(args)
          self.handled.set()
  
  class MemoryHandlerTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Tests for the MemoryHandler."""
  
      # Do not bother with a logger name group.
      expected_log_pat = r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$"
  
      def setUp(self):
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          self.mem_hdlr = logging.handlers.MemoryHandler(10, logging.WARNING,
                                                         self.root_hdlr)
          self.mem_logger = logging.getLogger('mem')
          self.mem_logger.propagate = 0
          self.mem_logger.addHandler(self.mem_hdlr)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          self.mem_hdlr.close()
          BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def test_flush(self):
          # The memory handler flushes to its target handler based on specific
          #  criteria (message count and message level).
          self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([])
          self.mem_logger.info(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([])
          # This will flush because the level is >= logging.WARNING
          self.mem_logger.warning(self.next_message())
          lines = [
              ('DEBUG', '1'),
              ('INFO', '2'),
              ('WARNING', '3'),
          ]
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)
          for n in (4, 14):
              for i in range(9):
                  self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines(lines)
              # This will flush because it's the 10th message since the last
              #  flush.
              self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
              lines = lines + [('DEBUG', str(i)) for i in range(n, n + 10)]
              self.assert_log_lines(lines)
  
          self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)
  
      def test_flush_on_close(self):
          """
          Test that the flush-on-close configuration works as expected.
          """
          self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([])
          self.mem_logger.info(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([])
          self.mem_logger.removeHandler(self.mem_hdlr)
          # Default behaviour is to flush on close. Check that it happens.
          self.mem_hdlr.close()
          lines = [
              ('DEBUG', '1'),
              ('INFO', '2'),
          ]
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)
          # Now configure for flushing not to be done on close.
          self.mem_hdlr = logging.handlers.MemoryHandler(10, logging.WARNING,
                                                         self.root_hdlr,
                                                         False)
          self.mem_logger.addHandler(self.mem_hdlr)
          self.mem_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)  # no change
          self.mem_logger.info(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)  # no change
          self.mem_logger.removeHandler(self.mem_hdlr)
          self.mem_hdlr.close()
          # assert that no new lines have been added
          self.assert_log_lines(lines)  # no change
  
      def test_race_between_set_target_and_flush(self):
          class MockRaceConditionHandler:
              def __init__(self, mem_hdlr):
                  self.mem_hdlr = mem_hdlr
                  self.threads = []
  
              def removeTarget(self):
                  self.mem_hdlr.setTarget(None)
  
              def handle(self, msg):
                  thread = threading.Thread(target=self.removeTarget)
                  self.threads.append(thread)
                  thread.start()
  
          target = MockRaceConditionHandler(self.mem_hdlr)
          try:
              self.mem_hdlr.setTarget(target)
  
              for _ in range(10):
                  time.sleep(0.005)
                  self.mem_logger.info("not flushed")
                  self.mem_logger.warning("flushed")
          finally:
              for thread in target.threads:
                  threading_helper.join_thread(thread)
  
  
  class ExceptionFormatter(logging.Formatter):
      """A special exception formatter."""
      def formatException(self, ei):
          return "Got a [%s]" % ei[0].__name__
  
  
  class ConfigFileTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Reading logging config from a .ini-style config file."""
  
      check_no_resource_warning = warnings_helper.check_no_resource_warning
      expected_log_pat = r"^(\w+) \+\+ (\w+)$"
  
      # config0 is a standard configuration.
      config0 = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1
  
      [logger_root]
      level=WARNING
      handlers=hand1
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stdout,)
  
      [formatter_form1]
      format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config1 adds a little to the standard configuration.
      config1 = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root,parser
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1
  
      [logger_root]
      level=WARNING
      handlers=
  
      [logger_parser]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=hand1
      propagate=1
      qualname=compiler.parser
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stdout,)
  
      [formatter_form1]
      format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config1a moves the handler to the root.
      config1a = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root,parser
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1
  
      [logger_root]
      level=WARNING
      handlers=hand1
  
      [logger_parser]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=
      propagate=1
      qualname=compiler.parser
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stdout,)
  
      [formatter_form1]
      format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config2 has a subtle configuration error that should be reported
      config2 = config1.replace("sys.stdout", "sys.stbout")
  
      # config3 has a less subtle configuration error
      config3 = config1.replace("formatter=form1", "formatter=misspelled_name")
  
      # config4 specifies a custom formatter class to be loaded
      config4 = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1
  
      [logger_root]
      level=NOTSET
      handlers=hand1
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stdout,)
  
      [formatter_form1]
      class=""" + __name__ + """.ExceptionFormatter
      format=%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config5 specifies a custom handler class to be loaded
      config5 = config1.replace('class=StreamHandler', 'class=logging.StreamHandler')
  
      # config6 uses ', ' delimiters in the handlers and formatters sections
      config6 = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root,parser
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1, hand2
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1, form2
  
      [logger_root]
      level=WARNING
      handlers=
  
      [logger_parser]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=hand1
      propagate=1
      qualname=compiler.parser
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stdout,)
  
      [handler_hand2]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      args=(sys.stderr,)
  
      [formatter_form1]
      format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
      datefmt=
  
      [formatter_form2]
      format=%(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config7 adds a compiler logger, and uses kwargs instead of args.
      config7 = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root,parser,compiler
  
      [handlers]
      keys=hand1
  
      [formatters]
      keys=form1
  
      [logger_root]
      level=WARNING
      handlers=hand1
  
      [logger_compiler]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=
      propagate=1
      qualname=compiler
  
      [logger_parser]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=
      propagate=1
      qualname=compiler.parser
  
      [handler_hand1]
      class=StreamHandler
      level=NOTSET
      formatter=form1
      kwargs={'stream': sys.stdout,}
  
      [formatter_form1]
      format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
      datefmt=
      """
  
      # config 8, check for resource warning
      config8 = r"""
      [loggers]
      keys=root
  
      [handlers]
      keys=file
  
      [formatters]
      keys=
  
      [logger_root]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=file
  
      [handler_file]
      class=FileHandler
      level=DEBUG
      args=("{tempfile}",)
      kwargs={{"encoding": "utf-8"}}
      """
  
      disable_test = """
      [loggers]
      keys=root
  
      [handlers]
      keys=screen
  
      [formatters]
      keys=
  
      [logger_root]
      level=DEBUG
      handlers=screen
  
      [handler_screen]
      level=DEBUG
      class=StreamHandler
      args=(sys.stdout,)
      formatter=
      """
  
      def apply_config(self, conf, **kwargs):
          file = io.StringIO(textwrap.dedent(conf))
          logging.config.fileConfig(file, encoding="utf-8", **kwargs)
  
      def test_config0_ok(self):
          # A simple config file which overrides the default settings.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config0)
              logger = logging.getLogger()
              # Won't output anything
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              # Outputs a message
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config0_using_cp_ok(self):
          # A simple config file which overrides the default settings.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              file = io.StringIO(textwrap.dedent(self.config0))
              cp = configparser.ConfigParser()
              cp.read_file(file)
              logging.config.fileConfig(cp)
              logger = logging.getLogger()
              # Won't output anything
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              # Outputs a message
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config1_ok(self, config=config1):
          # A config file defining a sub-parser as well.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(config)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config2_failure(self):
          # A simple config file which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config2)
  
      def test_config3_failure(self):
          # A simple config file which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config3)
  
      def test_config4_ok(self):
          # A config file specifying a custom formatter class.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config4)
              logger = logging.getLogger()
              try:
                  raise RuntimeError()
              except RuntimeError:
                  logging.exception("just testing")
              sys.stdout.seek(0)
              self.assertEqual(output.getvalue(),
                  "ERROR:root:just testing\nGot a [RuntimeError]\n")
              # Original logger output is empty
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config5_ok(self):
          self.test_config1_ok(config=self.config5)
  
      def test_config6_ok(self):
          self.test_config1_ok(config=self.config6)
  
      def test_config7_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config1a)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # See issue #11424. compiler-hyphenated sorts
              # between compiler and compiler.xyz and this
              # was preventing compiler.xyz from being included
              # in the child loggers of compiler because of an
              # overzealous loop termination condition.
              hyphenated = logging.getLogger('compiler-hyphenated')
              # All will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              hyphenated.critical(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
                  ('CRITICAL', '3'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config7)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              self.assertFalse(logger.disabled)
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.lexer")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              # Will not appear
              hyphenated.critical(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '4'),
                  ('ERROR', '5'),
                  ('INFO', '6'),
                  ('ERROR', '7'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config8_ok(self):
  
          def cleanup(h1, fn):
              h1.close()
              os.remove(fn)
  
          with self.check_no_resource_warning():
              fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp(".log", "test_logging-X-")
              os.close(fd)
  
              # Replace single backslash with double backslash in windows
              # to avoid unicode error during string formatting
              if os.name == "nt":
                  fn = fn.replace("\\", "\\\\")
  
              config8 = self.config8.format(tempfile=fn)
  
              self.apply_config(config8)
              self.apply_config(config8)
  
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          self.addCleanup(cleanup, handler, fn)
  
      def test_logger_disabling(self):
          self.apply_config(self.disable_test)
          logger = logging.getLogger('some_pristine_logger')
          self.assertFalse(logger.disabled)
          self.apply_config(self.disable_test)
          self.assertTrue(logger.disabled)
          self.apply_config(self.disable_test, disable_existing_loggers=False)
          self.assertFalse(logger.disabled)
  
      def test_config_set_handler_names(self):
          test_config = """
              [loggers]
              keys=root
  
              [handlers]
              keys=hand1
  
              [formatters]
              keys=form1
  
              [logger_root]
              handlers=hand1
  
              [handler_hand1]
              class=StreamHandler
              formatter=form1
  
              [formatter_form1]
              format=%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s
              """
          self.apply_config(test_config)
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLogger().handlers[0].name, 'hand1')
  
      def test_defaults_do_no_interpolation(self):
          """bpo-33802 defaults should not get interpolated"""
          ini = textwrap.dedent("""
              [formatters]
              keys=default
  
              [formatter_default]
  
              [handlers]
              keys=console
  
              [handler_console]
              class=logging.StreamHandler
              args=tuple()
  
              [loggers]
              keys=root
  
              [logger_root]
              formatter=default
              handlers=console
              """).strip()
          fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix='test_logging_', suffix='.ini')
          try:
              os.write(fd, ini.encode('ascii'))
              os.close(fd)
              logging.config.fileConfig(
                  fn,
                  encoding="utf-8",
                  defaults=dict(
                      version=1,
                      disable_existing_loggers=False,
                      formatters={
                          "generic": {
                              "format": "%(asctime)s [%(process)d] [%(levelname)s] %(message)s",
                              "datefmt": "[%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %z]",
                              "class": "logging.Formatter"
                          },
                      },
                  )
              )
          finally:
              os.unlink(fn)
  
  
  class SocketHandlerTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test for SocketHandler objects."""
  
      server_class = TestTCPServer
      address = ('localhost', 0)
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Set up a TCP server to receive log messages, and a SocketHandler
          pointing to that server's address and port."""
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          # Issue #29177: deal with errors that happen during setup
          self.server = self.sock_hdlr = self.server_exception = None
          try:
              self.server = server = self.server_class(self.address,
                                                       self.handle_socket, 0.01)
              server.start()
              # Uncomment next line to test error recovery in setUp()
              # raise OSError('dummy error raised')
          except OSError as e:
              self.server_exception = e
              return
          server.ready.wait()
          hcls = logging.handlers.SocketHandler
          if isinstance(server.server_address, tuple):
              self.sock_hdlr = hcls('localhost', server.port)
          else:
              self.sock_hdlr = hcls(server.server_address, None)
          self.log_output = ''
          self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.root_logger.handlers[0])
          self.root_logger.addHandler(self.sock_hdlr)
          self.handled = threading.Semaphore(0)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          """Shutdown the TCP server."""
          try:
              if self.sock_hdlr:
                  self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.sock_hdlr)
                  self.sock_hdlr.close()
              if self.server:
                  self.server.stop()
          finally:
              BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def handle_socket(self, request):
          conn = request.connection
          while True:
              chunk = conn.recv(4)
              if len(chunk) < 4:
                  break
              slen = struct.unpack(">L", chunk)[0]
              chunk = conn.recv(slen)
              while len(chunk) < slen:
                  chunk = chunk + conn.recv(slen - len(chunk))
              obj = pickle.loads(chunk)
              record = logging.makeLogRecord(obj)
              self.log_output += record.msg + '\n'
              self.handled.release()
  
      def test_output(self):
          # The log message sent to the SocketHandler is properly received.
          if self.server_exception:
              self.skipTest(self.server_exception)
          logger = logging.getLogger("tcp")
          logger.error("spam")
          self.handled.acquire()
          logger.debug("eggs")
          self.handled.acquire()
          self.assertEqual(self.log_output, "spam\neggs\n")
  
      def test_noserver(self):
          if self.server_exception:
              self.skipTest(self.server_exception)
          # Avoid timing-related failures due to SocketHandler's own hard-wired
          # one-second timeout on socket.create_connection() (issue #16264).
          self.sock_hdlr.retryStart = 2.5
          # Kill the server
          self.server.stop()
          # The logging call should try to connect, which should fail
          try:
              raise RuntimeError('Deliberate mistake')
          except RuntimeError:
              self.root_logger.exception('Never sent')
          self.root_logger.error('Never sent, either')
          now = time.time()
          self.assertGreater(self.sock_hdlr.retryTime, now)
          time.sleep(self.sock_hdlr.retryTime - now + 0.001)
          self.root_logger.error('Nor this')
  
  def _get_temp_domain_socket():
      fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix='test_logging_', suffix='.sock')
      os.close(fd)
      # just need a name - file can't be present, or we'll get an
      # 'address already in use' error.
      os.remove(fn)
      return fn
  
  @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"), "Unix sockets required")
  class UnixSocketHandlerTest(SocketHandlerTest):
  
      """Test for SocketHandler with unix sockets."""
  
      if hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"):
          server_class = TestUnixStreamServer
  
      def setUp(self):
          # override the definition in the base class
          self.address = _get_temp_domain_socket()
          SocketHandlerTest.setUp(self)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          SocketHandlerTest.tearDown(self)
          os_helper.unlink(self.address)
  
  class DatagramHandlerTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test for DatagramHandler."""
  
      server_class = TestUDPServer
      address = ('localhost', 0)
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Set up a UDP server to receive log messages, and a DatagramHandler
          pointing to that server's address and port."""
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          # Issue #29177: deal with errors that happen during setup
          self.server = self.sock_hdlr = self.server_exception = None
          try:
              self.server = server = self.server_class(self.address,
                                                       self.handle_datagram, 0.01)
              server.start()
              # Uncomment next line to test error recovery in setUp()
              # raise OSError('dummy error raised')
          except OSError as e:
              self.server_exception = e
              return
          server.ready.wait()
          hcls = logging.handlers.DatagramHandler
          if isinstance(server.server_address, tuple):
              self.sock_hdlr = hcls('localhost', server.port)
          else:
              self.sock_hdlr = hcls(server.server_address, None)
          self.log_output = ''
          self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.root_logger.handlers[0])
          self.root_logger.addHandler(self.sock_hdlr)
          self.handled = threading.Event()
  
      def tearDown(self):
          """Shutdown the UDP server."""
          try:
              if self.server:
                  self.server.stop()
              if self.sock_hdlr:
                  self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.sock_hdlr)
                  self.sock_hdlr.close()
          finally:
              BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def handle_datagram(self, request):
          slen = struct.pack('>L', 0) # length of prefix
          packet = request.packet[len(slen):]
          obj = pickle.loads(packet)
          record = logging.makeLogRecord(obj)
          self.log_output += record.msg + '\n'
          self.handled.set()
  
      def test_output(self):
          # The log message sent to the DatagramHandler is properly received.
          if self.server_exception:
              self.skipTest(self.server_exception)
          logger = logging.getLogger("udp")
          logger.error("spam")
          self.handled.wait()
          self.handled.clear()
          logger.error("eggs")
          self.handled.wait()
          self.assertEqual(self.log_output, "spam\neggs\n")
  
  @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"), "Unix sockets required")
  class UnixDatagramHandlerTest(DatagramHandlerTest):
  
      """Test for DatagramHandler using Unix sockets."""
  
      if hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"):
          server_class = TestUnixDatagramServer
  
      def setUp(self):
          # override the definition in the base class
          self.address = _get_temp_domain_socket()
          DatagramHandlerTest.setUp(self)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          DatagramHandlerTest.tearDown(self)
          os_helper.unlink(self.address)
  
  class SysLogHandlerTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test for SysLogHandler using UDP."""
  
      server_class = TestUDPServer
      address = ('localhost', 0)
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Set up a UDP server to receive log messages, and a SysLogHandler
          pointing to that server's address and port."""
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          # Issue #29177: deal with errors that happen during setup
          self.server = self.sl_hdlr = self.server_exception = None
          try:
              self.server = server = self.server_class(self.address,
                                                       self.handle_datagram, 0.01)
              server.start()
              # Uncomment next line to test error recovery in setUp()
              # raise OSError('dummy error raised')
          except OSError as e:
              self.server_exception = e
              return
          server.ready.wait()
          hcls = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler
          if isinstance(server.server_address, tuple):
              self.sl_hdlr = hcls((server.server_address[0], server.port))
          else:
              self.sl_hdlr = hcls(server.server_address)
          self.log_output = ''
          self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.root_logger.handlers[0])
          self.root_logger.addHandler(self.sl_hdlr)
          self.handled = threading.Event()
  
      def tearDown(self):
          """Shutdown the server."""
          try:
              if self.server:
                  self.server.stop()
              if self.sl_hdlr:
                  self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.sl_hdlr)
                  self.sl_hdlr.close()
          finally:
              BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def handle_datagram(self, request):
          self.log_output = request.packet
          self.handled.set()
  
      def test_output(self):
          if self.server_exception:
              self.skipTest(self.server_exception)
          # The log message sent to the SysLogHandler is properly received.
          logger = logging.getLogger("slh")
          logger.error("sp\xe4m")
          self.handled.wait()
          self.assertEqual(self.log_output, b'<11>sp\xc3\xa4m\x00')
          self.handled.clear()
          self.sl_hdlr.append_nul = False
          logger.error("sp\xe4m")
          self.handled.wait()
          self.assertEqual(self.log_output, b'<11>sp\xc3\xa4m')
          self.handled.clear()
          self.sl_hdlr.ident = "h\xe4m-"
          logger.error("sp\xe4m")
          self.handled.wait()
          self.assertEqual(self.log_output, b'<11>h\xc3\xa4m-sp\xc3\xa4m')
  
  @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"), "Unix sockets required")
  class UnixSysLogHandlerTest(SysLogHandlerTest):
  
      """Test for SysLogHandler with Unix sockets."""
  
      if hasattr(socket, "AF_UNIX"):
          server_class = TestUnixDatagramServer
  
      def setUp(self):
          # override the definition in the base class
          self.address = _get_temp_domain_socket()
          SysLogHandlerTest.setUp(self)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          SysLogHandlerTest.tearDown(self)
          os_helper.unlink(self.address)
  
  @unittest.skipUnless(socket_helper.IPV6_ENABLED,
                       'IPv6 support required for this test.')
  class IPv6SysLogHandlerTest(SysLogHandlerTest):
  
      """Test for SysLogHandler with IPv6 host."""
  
      server_class = TestUDPServer
      address = ('::1', 0)
  
      def setUp(self):
          self.server_class.address_family = socket.AF_INET6
          super(IPv6SysLogHandlerTest, self).setUp()
  
      def tearDown(self):
          self.server_class.address_family = socket.AF_INET
          super(IPv6SysLogHandlerTest, self).tearDown()
  
  class HTTPHandlerTest(BaseTest):
      """Test for HTTPHandler."""
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Set up an HTTP server to receive log messages, and a HTTPHandler
          pointing to that server's address and port."""
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          self.handled = threading.Event()
  
      def handle_request(self, request):
          self.command = request.command
          self.log_data = urlparse(request.path)
          if self.command == 'POST':
              try:
                  rlen = int(request.headers['Content-Length'])
                  self.post_data = request.rfile.read(rlen)
              except:
                  self.post_data = None
          request.send_response(200)
          request.end_headers()
          self.handled.set()
  
      def test_output(self):
          # The log message sent to the HTTPHandler is properly received.
          logger = logging.getLogger("http")
          root_logger = self.root_logger
          root_logger.removeHandler(self.root_logger.handlers[0])
          for secure in (False, True):
              addr = ('localhost', 0)
              if secure:
                  try:
                      import ssl
                  except ImportError:
                      sslctx = None
                  else:
                      here = os.path.dirname(__file__)
                      localhost_cert = os.path.join(here, "keycert.pem")
                      sslctx = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
                      sslctx.load_cert_chain(localhost_cert)
  
                      context = ssl.create_default_context(cafile=localhost_cert)
              else:
                  sslctx = None
                  context = None
              self.server = server = TestHTTPServer(addr, self.handle_request,
                                                      0.01, sslctx=sslctx)
              server.start()
              server.ready.wait()
              host = 'localhost:%d' % server.server_port
              secure_client = secure and sslctx
              self.h_hdlr = logging.handlers.HTTPHandler(host, '/frob',
                                                         secure=secure_client,
                                                         context=context,
                                                         credentials=('foo', 'bar'))
              self.log_data = None
              root_logger.addHandler(self.h_hdlr)
  
              for method in ('GET', 'POST'):
                  self.h_hdlr.method = method
                  self.handled.clear()
                  msg = "sp\xe4m"
                  logger.error(msg)
                  self.handled.wait()
                  self.assertEqual(self.log_data.path, '/frob')
                  self.assertEqual(self.command, method)
                  if method == 'GET':
                      d = parse_qs(self.log_data.query)
                  else:
                      d = parse_qs(self.post_data.decode('utf-8'))
                  self.assertEqual(d['name'], ['http'])
                  self.assertEqual(d['funcName'], ['test_output'])
                  self.assertEqual(d['msg'], [msg])
  
              self.server.stop()
              self.root_logger.removeHandler(self.h_hdlr)
              self.h_hdlr.close()
  
  class MemoryTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test memory persistence of logger objects."""
  
      def setUp(self):
          """Create a dict to remember potentially destroyed objects."""
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          self._survivors = {}
  
      def _watch_for_survival(self, *args):
          """Watch the given objects for survival, by creating weakrefs to
          them."""
          for obj in args:
              key = id(obj), repr(obj)
              self._survivors[key] = weakref.ref(obj)
  
      def _assertTruesurvival(self):
          """Assert that all objects watched for survival have survived."""
          # Trigger cycle breaking.
          gc.collect()
          dead = []
          for (id_, repr_), ref in self._survivors.items():
              if ref() is None:
                  dead.append(repr_)
          if dead:
              self.fail("%d objects should have survived "
                  "but have been destroyed: %s" % (len(dead), ", ".join(dead)))
  
      def test_persistent_loggers(self):
          # Logger objects are persistent and retain their configuration, even
          #  if visible references are destroyed.
          self.root_logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
          foo = logging.getLogger("foo")
          self._watch_for_survival(foo)
          foo.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
          self.root_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          foo.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('foo', 'DEBUG', '2'),
          ])
          del foo
          # foo has survived.
          self._assertTruesurvival()
          # foo has retained its settings.
          bar = logging.getLogger("foo")
          bar.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('foo', 'DEBUG', '2'),
              ('foo', 'DEBUG', '3'),
          ])
  
  
  class EncodingTest(BaseTest):
      def test_encoding_plain_file(self):
          # In Python 2.x, a plain file object is treated as having no encoding.
          log = logging.getLogger("test")
          fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp(".log", "test_logging-1-")
          os.close(fd)
          # the non-ascii data we write to the log.
          data = "foo\x80"
          try:
              handler = logging.FileHandler(fn, encoding="utf-8")
              log.addHandler(handler)
              try:
                  # write non-ascii data to the log.
                  log.warning(data)
              finally:
                  log.removeHandler(handler)
                  handler.close()
              # check we wrote exactly those bytes, ignoring trailing \n etc
              f = open(fn, encoding="utf-8")
              try:
                  self.assertEqual(f.read().rstrip(), data)
              finally:
                  f.close()
          finally:
              if os.path.isfile(fn):
                  os.remove(fn)
  
      def test_encoding_cyrillic_unicode(self):
          log = logging.getLogger("test")
          # Get a message in Unicode: Do svidanya in Cyrillic (meaning goodbye)
          message = '\u0434\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f'
          # Ensure it's written in a Cyrillic encoding
          writer_class = codecs.getwriter('cp1251')
          writer_class.encoding = 'cp1251'
          stream = io.BytesIO()
          writer = writer_class(stream, 'strict')
          handler = logging.StreamHandler(writer)
          log.addHandler(handler)
          try:
              log.warning(message)
          finally:
              log.removeHandler(handler)
              handler.close()
          # check we wrote exactly those bytes, ignoring trailing \n etc
          s = stream.getvalue()
          # Compare against what the data should be when encoded in CP-1251
          self.assertEqual(s, b'\xe4\xee \xf1\xe2\xe8\xe4\xe0\xed\xe8\xff\n')
  
  
  class WarningsTest(BaseTest):
  
      def test_warnings(self):
          with warnings.catch_warnings():
              logging.captureWarnings(True)
              self.addCleanup(logging.captureWarnings, False)
              warnings.filterwarnings("always", category=UserWarning)
              stream = io.StringIO()
              h = logging.StreamHandler(stream)
              logger = logging.getLogger("py.warnings")
              logger.addHandler(h)
              warnings.warn("I'm warning you...")
              logger.removeHandler(h)
              s = stream.getvalue()
              h.close()
              self.assertGreater(s.find("UserWarning: I'm warning you...\n"), 0)
  
              # See if an explicit file uses the original implementation
              a_file = io.StringIO()
              warnings.showwarning("Explicit", UserWarning, "dummy.py", 42,
                                   a_file, "Dummy line")
              s = a_file.getvalue()
              a_file.close()
              self.assertEqual(s,
                  "dummy.py:42: UserWarning: Explicit\n  Dummy line\n")
  
      def test_warnings_no_handlers(self):
          with warnings.catch_warnings():
              logging.captureWarnings(True)
              self.addCleanup(logging.captureWarnings, False)
  
              # confirm our assumption: no loggers are set
              logger = logging.getLogger("py.warnings")
              self.assertEqual(logger.handlers, [])
  
              warnings.showwarning("Explicit", UserWarning, "dummy.py", 42)
              self.assertEqual(len(logger.handlers), 1)
              self.assertIsInstance(logger.handlers[0], logging.NullHandler)
  
  
  def formatFunc(format, datefmt=None):
      return logging.Formatter(format, datefmt)
  
  class myCustomFormatter:
      def __init__(self, fmt, datefmt=None):
          pass
  
  def handlerFunc():
      return logging.StreamHandler()
  
  class CustomHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
      pass
  
  class ConfigDictTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Reading logging config from a dictionary."""
  
      check_no_resource_warning = warnings_helper.check_no_resource_warning
      expected_log_pat = r"^(\w+) \+\+ (\w+)$"
  
      # config0 is a standard configuration.
      config0 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
              'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      # config1 adds a little to the standard configuration.
      config1 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config1a moves the handler to the root. Used with config8a
      config1a = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
              'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      # config2 has a subtle configuration error that should be reported
      config2 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdbout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # As config1 but with a misspelt level on a handler
      config2a = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NTOSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
  
      # As config1 but with a misspelt level on a logger
      config2b = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WRANING',
          },
      }
  
      # config3 has a less subtle configuration error
      config3 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'misspelled_name',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config4 specifies a custom formatter class to be loaded
      config4 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  '()' : __name__ + '.ExceptionFormatter',
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      # As config4 but using an actual callable rather than a string
      config4a = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  '()' : ExceptionFormatter,
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
              },
              'form2' : {
                  '()' : __name__ + '.formatFunc',
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
              },
              'form3' : {
                  '()' : formatFunc,
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
              'hand2' : {
                  '()' : handlerFunc,
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      # config5 specifies a custom handler class to be loaded
      config5 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : __name__ + '.CustomHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config6 specifies a custom handler class to be loaded
      # but has bad arguments
      config6 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : __name__ + '.CustomHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
                  '9' : 'invalid parameter name',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config 7 does not define compiler.parser but defines compiler.lexer
      # so compiler.parser should be disabled after applying it
      config7 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.lexer' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config8 defines both compiler and compiler.lexer
      # so compiler.parser should not be disabled (since
      # compiler is defined)
      config8 = {
          'version': 1,
          'disable_existing_loggers' : False,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
              'compiler.lexer' : {
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # config8a disables existing loggers
      config8a = {
          'version': 1,
          'disable_existing_loggers' : True,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
              'compiler.lexer' : {
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      config9 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'WARNING',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'WARNING',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'NOTSET',
          },
      }
  
      config9a = {
          'version': 1,
          'incremental' : True,
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'level' : 'WARNING',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'INFO',
              },
          },
      }
  
      config9b = {
          'version': 1,
          'incremental' : True,
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'level' : 'INFO',
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'INFO',
              },
          },
      }
  
      # As config1 but with a filter added
      config10 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'filters' : {
              'filt1' : {
                  'name' : 'compiler.parser',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
                  'filters' : ['filt1'],
              },
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'filters' : ['filt1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
              'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      # As config1 but using cfg:// references
      config11 = {
          'version': 1,
          'true_formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handler_configs': {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'formatters' : 'cfg://true_formatters',
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : 'cfg://handler_configs[hand1]',
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # As config11 but missing the version key
      config12 = {
          'true_formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handler_configs': {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'formatters' : 'cfg://true_formatters',
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : 'cfg://handler_configs[hand1]',
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # As config11 but using an unsupported version
      config13 = {
          'version': 2,
          'true_formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handler_configs': {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          'formatters' : 'cfg://true_formatters',
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : 'cfg://handler_configs[hand1]',
          },
          'loggers' : {
              'compiler.parser' : {
                  'level' : 'DEBUG',
                  'handlers' : ['hand1'],
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
          },
      }
  
      # As config0, but with properties
      config14 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1' : {
                  'format' : '%(levelname)s ++ %(message)s',
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class' : 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter' : 'form1',
                  'level' : 'NOTSET',
                  'stream'  : 'ext://sys.stdout',
                  '.': {
                      'foo': 'bar',
                      'terminator': '!\n',
                  }
              },
          },
          'root' : {
              'level' : 'WARNING',
              'handlers' : ['hand1'],
          },
      }
  
      out_of_order = {
          "version": 1,
          "formatters": {
              "mySimpleFormatter": {
                  "format": "%(asctime)s (%(name)s) %(levelname)s: %(message)s",
                  "style": "$"
              }
          },
          "handlers": {
              "fileGlobal": {
                  "class": "logging.StreamHandler",
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "formatter": "mySimpleFormatter"
              },
              "bufferGlobal": {
                  "class": "logging.handlers.MemoryHandler",
                  "capacity": 5,
                  "formatter": "mySimpleFormatter",
                  "target": "fileGlobal",
                  "level": "DEBUG"
                  }
          },
          "loggers": {
              "mymodule": {
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "handlers": ["bufferGlobal"],
                  "propagate": "true"
              }
          }
      }
  
      # Configuration with custom logging.Formatter subclass as '()' key and 'validate' set to False
      custom_formatter_class_validate = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1': {
                  '()': __name__ + '.ExceptionFormatter',
                  'format': '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
                  'validate': False,
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter': 'form1',
                  'level': 'NOTSET',
                  'stream': 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          "loggers": {
              "my_test_logger_custom_formatter": {
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "handlers": ["hand1"],
                  "propagate": "true"
              }
          }
      }
  
      # Configuration with custom logging.Formatter subclass as 'class' key and 'validate' set to False
      custom_formatter_class_validate2 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1': {
                  'class': __name__ + '.ExceptionFormatter',
                  'format': '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
                  'validate': False,
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter': 'form1',
                  'level': 'NOTSET',
                  'stream': 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          "loggers": {
              "my_test_logger_custom_formatter": {
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "handlers": ["hand1"],
                  "propagate": "true"
              }
          }
      }
  
      # Configuration with custom class that is not inherited from logging.Formatter
      custom_formatter_class_validate3 = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1': {
                  'class': __name__ + '.myCustomFormatter',
                  'format': '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
                  'validate': False,
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter': 'form1',
                  'level': 'NOTSET',
                  'stream': 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          "loggers": {
              "my_test_logger_custom_formatter": {
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "handlers": ["hand1"],
                  "propagate": "true"
              }
          }
      }
  
      # Configuration with custom function and 'validate' set to False
      custom_formatter_with_function = {
          'version': 1,
          'formatters': {
              'form1': {
                  '()': formatFunc,
                  'format': '%(levelname)s:%(name)s:%(message)s',
                  'validate': False,
              },
          },
          'handlers' : {
              'hand1' : {
                  'class': 'logging.StreamHandler',
                  'formatter': 'form1',
                  'level': 'NOTSET',
                  'stream': 'ext://sys.stdout',
              },
          },
          "loggers": {
              "my_test_logger_custom_formatter": {
                  "level": "DEBUG",
                  "handlers": ["hand1"],
                  "propagate": "true"
              }
          }
      }
  
      def apply_config(self, conf):
          logging.config.dictConfig(conf)
  
      def test_config0_ok(self):
          # A simple config which overrides the default settings.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config0)
              logger = logging.getLogger()
              # Won't output anything
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              # Outputs a message
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config1_ok(self, config=config1):
          # A config defining a sub-parser as well.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(config)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config2_failure(self):
          # A simple config which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config2)
  
      def test_config2a_failure(self):
          # A simple config which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config2a)
  
      def test_config2b_failure(self):
          # A simple config which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config2b)
  
      def test_config3_failure(self):
          # A simple config which overrides the default settings.
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config3)
  
      def test_config4_ok(self):
          # A config specifying a custom formatter class.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config4)
              #logger = logging.getLogger()
              try:
                  raise RuntimeError()
              except RuntimeError:
                  logging.exception("just testing")
              sys.stdout.seek(0)
              self.assertEqual(output.getvalue(),
                  "ERROR:root:just testing\nGot a [RuntimeError]\n")
              # Original logger output is empty
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config4a_ok(self):
          # A config specifying a custom formatter class.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config4a)
              #logger = logging.getLogger()
              try:
                  raise RuntimeError()
              except RuntimeError:
                  logging.exception("just testing")
              sys.stdout.seek(0)
              self.assertEqual(output.getvalue(),
                  "ERROR:root:just testing\nGot a [RuntimeError]\n")
              # Original logger output is empty
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config5_ok(self):
          self.test_config1_ok(config=self.config5)
  
      def test_config6_failure(self):
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config6)
  
      def test_config7_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config1)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config7)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              self.assertTrue(logger.disabled)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.lexer")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '3'),
                  ('ERROR', '4'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      # Same as test_config_7_ok but don't disable old loggers.
      def test_config_8_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config1)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # All will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config8)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              self.assertFalse(logger.disabled)
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.lexer")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '3'),
                  ('ERROR', '4'),
                  ('INFO', '5'),
                  ('ERROR', '6'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config_8a_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config1a)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # See issue #11424. compiler-hyphenated sorts
              # between compiler and compiler.xyz and this
              # was preventing compiler.xyz from being included
              # in the child loggers of compiler because of an
              # overzealous loop termination condition.
              hyphenated = logging.getLogger('compiler-hyphenated')
              # All will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              hyphenated.critical(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
                  ('CRITICAL', '3'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config8a)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              self.assertFalse(logger.disabled)
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.lexer")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              # Will not appear
              hyphenated.critical(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '4'),
                  ('ERROR', '5'),
                  ('INFO', '6'),
                  ('ERROR', '7'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_config_9_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config9)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Nothing will be output since both handler and logger are set to WARNING
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([], stream=output)
              self.apply_config(self.config9a)
              # Nothing will be output since handler is still set to WARNING
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([], stream=output)
              self.apply_config(self.config9b)
              # Message should now be output
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '3'),
              ], stream=output)
  
      def test_config_10_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config10)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger('compiler')
              # Not output, because filtered
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger('compiler.lexer')
              # Not output, because filtered
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser.codegen")
              # Output, as not filtered
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('WARNING', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '4'),
              ], stream=output)
  
      def test_config11_ok(self):
          self.test_config1_ok(self.config11)
  
      def test_config12_failure(self):
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config12)
  
      def test_config13_failure(self):
          self.assertRaises(Exception, self.apply_config, self.config13)
  
      def test_config14_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.apply_config(self.config14)
              h = logging._handlers['hand1']
              self.assertEqual(h.foo, 'bar')
              self.assertEqual(h.terminator, '!\n')
              logging.warning('Exclamation')
              self.assertTrue(output.getvalue().endswith('Exclamation!\n'))
  
      def test_config15_ok(self):
  
          def cleanup(h1, fn):
              h1.close()
              os.remove(fn)
  
          with self.check_no_resource_warning():
              fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp(".log", "test_logging-X-")
              os.close(fd)
  
              config = {
                  "version": 1,
                  "handlers": {
                      "file": {
                          "class": "logging.FileHandler",
                          "filename": fn,
                          "encoding": "utf-8",
                      }
                  },
                  "root": {
                      "handlers": ["file"]
                  }
              }
  
              self.apply_config(config)
              self.apply_config(config)
  
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          self.addCleanup(cleanup, handler, fn)
  
      def setup_via_listener(self, text, verify=None):
          text = text.encode("utf-8")
          # Ask for a randomly assigned port (by using port 0)
          t = logging.config.listen(0, verify)
          t.start()
          t.ready.wait()
          # Now get the port allocated
          port = t.port
          t.ready.clear()
          try:
              sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
              sock.settimeout(2.0)
              sock.connect(('localhost', port))
  
              slen = struct.pack('>L', len(text))
              s = slen + text
              sentsofar = 0
              left = len(s)
              while left > 0:
                  sent = sock.send(s[sentsofar:])
                  sentsofar += sent
                  left -= sent
              sock.close()
          finally:
              t.ready.wait(2.0)
              logging.config.stopListening()
              threading_helper.join_thread(t)
  
      def test_listen_config_10_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.setup_via_listener(json.dumps(self.config10))
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger('compiler')
              # Not output, because filtered
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger('compiler.lexer')
              # Not output, because filtered
              logger.warning(self.next_message())
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser.codegen")
              # Output, as not filtered
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('WARNING', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '4'),
              ], stream=output)
  
      def test_listen_config_1_ok(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.setup_via_listener(textwrap.dedent(ConfigFileTest.config1))
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.assert_log_lines([
                  ('INFO', '1'),
                  ('ERROR', '2'),
              ], stream=output)
              # Original logger output is empty.
              self.assert_log_lines([])
  
      def test_listen_verify(self):
  
          def verify_fail(stuff):
              return None
  
          def verify_reverse(stuff):
              return stuff[::-1]
  
          logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
          to_send = textwrap.dedent(ConfigFileTest.config1)
          # First, specify a verification function that will fail.
          # We expect to see no output, since our configuration
          # never took effect.
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.setup_via_listener(to_send, verify_fail)
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([], stream=output)
          # Original logger output has the stuff we logged.
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INFO', '1'),
              ('ERROR', '2'),
          ], pat=r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$")
  
          # Now, perform no verification. Our configuration
          # should take effect.
  
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.setup_via_listener(to_send)    # no verify callable specified
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INFO', '3'),
              ('ERROR', '4'),
          ], stream=output)
          # Original logger output still has the stuff we logged before.
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INFO', '1'),
              ('ERROR', '2'),
          ], pat=r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$")
  
          # Now, perform verification which transforms the bytes.
  
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              self.setup_via_listener(to_send[::-1], verify_reverse)
              logger = logging.getLogger("compiler.parser")
              # Both will output a message
              logger.info(self.next_message())
              logger.error(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INFO', '5'),
              ('ERROR', '6'),
          ], stream=output)
          # Original logger output still has the stuff we logged before.
          self.assert_log_lines([
              ('INFO', '1'),
              ('ERROR', '2'),
          ], pat=r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$")
  
      def test_out_of_order(self):
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.apply_config, self.out_of_order)
  
      def test_out_of_order_with_dollar_style(self):
          config = copy.deepcopy(self.out_of_order)
          config['formatters']['mySimpleFormatter']['format'] = "${asctime} (${name}) ${levelname}: ${message}"
  
          self.apply_config(config)
          handler = logging.getLogger('mymodule').handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler.target, logging.Handler)
          self.assertIsInstance(handler.formatter._style,
                                logging.StringTemplateStyle)
  
      def test_custom_formatter_class_with_validate(self):
          self.apply_config(self.custom_formatter_class_validate)
          handler = logging.getLogger("my_test_logger_custom_formatter").handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler.formatter, ExceptionFormatter)
  
      def test_custom_formatter_class_with_validate2(self):
          self.apply_config(self.custom_formatter_class_validate2)
          handler = logging.getLogger("my_test_logger_custom_formatter").handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler.formatter, ExceptionFormatter)
  
      def test_custom_formatter_class_with_validate2_with_wrong_fmt(self):
          config = self.custom_formatter_class_validate.copy()
          config['formatters']['form1']['style'] = "$"
  
          # Exception should not be raise as we have configured 'validate' to False
          self.apply_config(config)
          handler = logging.getLogger("my_test_logger_custom_formatter").handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler.formatter, ExceptionFormatter)
  
      def test_custom_formatter_class_with_validate3(self):
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.apply_config, self.custom_formatter_class_validate3)
  
      def test_custom_formatter_function_with_validate(self):
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.apply_config, self.custom_formatter_with_function)
  
      def test_baseconfig(self):
          d = {
              'atuple': (1, 2, 3),
              'alist': ['a', 'b', 'c'],
              'adict': {'d': 'e', 'f': 3 },
              'nest1': ('g', ('h', 'i'), 'j'),
              'nest2': ['k', ['l', 'm'], 'n'],
              'nest3': ['o', 'cfg://alist', 'p'],
          }
          bc = logging.config.BaseConfigurator(d)
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://atuple[1]'), 2)
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://alist[1]'), 'b')
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://nest1[1][0]'), 'h')
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://nest2[1][1]'), 'm')
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://adict.d'), 'e')
          self.assertEqual(bc.convert('cfg://adict[f]'), 3)
          v = bc.convert('cfg://nest3')
          self.assertEqual(v.pop(1), ['a', 'b', 'c'])
          self.assertRaises(KeyError, bc.convert, 'cfg://nosuch')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, bc.convert, 'cfg://!')
          self.assertRaises(KeyError, bc.convert, 'cfg://adict[2]')
  
      def test_namedtuple(self):
          # see bpo-39142
          from collections import namedtuple
  
          class MyHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
              def __init__(self, resource, *args, **kwargs):
                  super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
                  self.resource: namedtuple = resource
  
              def emit(self, record):
                  record.msg += f' {self.resource.type}'
                  return super().emit(record)
  
          Resource = namedtuple('Resource', ['type', 'labels'])
          resource = Resource(type='my_type', labels=['a'])
  
          config = {
              'version': 1,
              'handlers': {
                  'myhandler': {
                      '()': MyHandler,
                      'resource': resource
                  }
              },
              'root':  {'level': 'INFO', 'handlers': ['myhandler']},
          }
          with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
              self.apply_config(config)
              logging.info('some log')
          self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), 'some log my_type\n')
  
  class ManagerTest(BaseTest):
      def test_manager_loggerclass(self):
          logged = []
  
          class MyLogger(logging.Logger):
              def _log(self, level, msg, args, exc_info=None, extra=None):
                  logged.append(msg)
  
          man = logging.Manager(None)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, man.setLoggerClass, int)
          man.setLoggerClass(MyLogger)
          logger = man.getLogger('test')
          logger.warning('should appear in logged')
          logging.warning('should not appear in logged')
  
          self.assertEqual(logged, ['should appear in logged'])
  
      def test_set_log_record_factory(self):
          man = logging.Manager(None)
          expected = object()
          man.setLogRecordFactory(expected)
          self.assertEqual(man.logRecordFactory, expected)
  
  class ChildLoggerTest(BaseTest):
      def test_child_loggers(self):
          r = logging.getLogger()
          l1 = logging.getLogger('abc')
          l2 = logging.getLogger('def.ghi')
          c1 = r.getChild('xyz')
          c2 = r.getChild('uvw.xyz')
          self.assertIs(c1, logging.getLogger('xyz'))
          self.assertIs(c2, logging.getLogger('uvw.xyz'))
          c1 = l1.getChild('def')
          c2 = c1.getChild('ghi')
          c3 = l1.getChild('def.ghi')
          self.assertIs(c1, logging.getLogger('abc.def'))
          self.assertIs(c2, logging.getLogger('abc.def.ghi'))
          self.assertIs(c2, c3)
  
  
  class DerivedLogRecord(logging.LogRecord):
      pass
  
  class LogRecordFactoryTest(BaseTest):
  
      def setUp(self):
          class CheckingFilter(logging.Filter):
              def __init__(self, cls):
                  self.cls = cls
  
              def filter(self, record):
                  t = type(record)
                  if t is not self.cls:
                      msg = 'Unexpected LogRecord type %s, expected %s' % (t,
                              self.cls)
                      raise TypeError(msg)
                  return True
  
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          self.filter = CheckingFilter(DerivedLogRecord)
          self.root_logger.addFilter(self.filter)
          self.orig_factory = logging.getLogRecordFactory()
  
      def tearDown(self):
          self.root_logger.removeFilter(self.filter)
          BaseTest.tearDown(self)
          logging.setLogRecordFactory(self.orig_factory)
  
      def test_logrecord_class(self):
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.root_logger.warning,
                            self.next_message())
          logging.setLogRecordFactory(DerivedLogRecord)
          self.root_logger.error(self.next_message())
          self.assert_log_lines([
             ('root', 'ERROR', '2'),
          ])
  
  
  class QueueHandlerTest(BaseTest):
      # Do not bother with a logger name group.
      expected_log_pat = r"^[\w.]+ -> (\w+): (\d+)$"
  
      def setUp(self):
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          self.queue = queue.Queue(-1)
          self.que_hdlr = logging.handlers.QueueHandler(self.queue)
          self.name = 'que'
          self.que_logger = logging.getLogger('que')
          self.que_logger.propagate = False
          self.que_logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING)
          self.que_logger.addHandler(self.que_hdlr)
  
      def tearDown(self):
          self.que_hdlr.close()
          BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def test_queue_handler(self):
          self.que_logger.debug(self.next_message())
          self.assertRaises(queue.Empty, self.queue.get_nowait)
          self.que_logger.info(self.next_message())
          self.assertRaises(queue.Empty, self.queue.get_nowait)
          msg = self.next_message()
          self.que_logger.warning(msg)
          data = self.queue.get_nowait()
          self.assertTrue(isinstance(data, logging.LogRecord))
          self.assertEqual(data.name, self.que_logger.name)
          self.assertEqual((data.msg, data.args), (msg, None))
  
      def test_formatting(self):
          msg = self.next_message()
          levelname = logging.getLevelName(logging.WARNING)
          log_format_str = '{name} -> {levelname}: {message}'
          formatted_msg = log_format_str.format(name=self.name,
                                                levelname=levelname, message=msg)
          formatter = logging.Formatter(self.log_format)
          self.que_hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
          self.que_logger.warning(msg)
          log_record = self.queue.get_nowait()
          self.assertEqual(formatted_msg, log_record.msg)
          self.assertEqual(formatted_msg, log_record.message)
  
      @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(logging.handlers, 'QueueListener'),
                           'logging.handlers.QueueListener required for this test')
      def test_queue_listener(self):
          handler = TestHandler(support.Matcher())
          listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(self.queue, handler)
          listener.start()
          try:
              self.que_logger.warning(self.next_message())
              self.que_logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.que_logger.critical(self.next_message())
          finally:
              listener.stop()
          self.assertTrue(handler.matches(levelno=logging.WARNING, message='1'))
          self.assertTrue(handler.matches(levelno=logging.ERROR, message='2'))
          self.assertTrue(handler.matches(levelno=logging.CRITICAL, message='3'))
          handler.close()
  
          # Now test with respect_handler_level set
  
          handler = TestHandler(support.Matcher())
          handler.setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
          listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(self.queue, handler,
                                                    respect_handler_level=True)
          listener.start()
          try:
              self.que_logger.warning(self.next_message())
              self.que_logger.error(self.next_message())
              self.que_logger.critical(self.next_message())
          finally:
              listener.stop()
          self.assertFalse(handler.matches(levelno=logging.WARNING, message='4'))
          self.assertFalse(handler.matches(levelno=logging.ERROR, message='5'))
          self.assertTrue(handler.matches(levelno=logging.CRITICAL, message='6'))
          handler.close()
  
      @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(logging.handlers, 'QueueListener'),
                           'logging.handlers.QueueListener required for this test')
      def test_queue_listener_with_StreamHandler(self):
          # Test that traceback only appends once (bpo-34334).
          listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(self.queue, self.root_hdlr)
          listener.start()
          try:
              1 / 0
          except ZeroDivisionError as e:
              exc = e
              self.que_logger.exception(self.next_message(), exc_info=exc)
          listener.stop()
          self.assertEqual(self.stream.getvalue().strip().count('Traceback'), 1)
  
      @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(logging.handlers, 'QueueListener'),
                           'logging.handlers.QueueListener required for this test')
      def test_queue_listener_with_multiple_handlers(self):
          # Test that queue handler format doesn't affect other handler formats (bpo-35726).
          self.que_hdlr.setFormatter(self.root_formatter)
          self.que_logger.addHandler(self.root_hdlr)
  
          listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(self.queue, self.que_hdlr)
          listener.start()
          self.que_logger.error("error")
          listener.stop()
          self.assertEqual(self.stream.getvalue().strip(), "que -> ERROR: error")
  
  if hasattr(logging.handlers, 'QueueListener'):
      import multiprocessing
      from unittest.mock import patch
  
      class QueueListenerTest(BaseTest):
          """
          Tests based on patch submitted for issue #27930. Ensure that
          QueueListener handles all log messages.
          """
  
          repeat = 20
  
          @staticmethod
          def setup_and_log(log_queue, ident):
              """
              Creates a logger with a QueueHandler that logs to a queue read by a
              QueueListener. Starts the listener, logs five messages, and stops
              the listener.
              """
              logger = logging.getLogger('test_logger_with_id_%s' % ident)
              logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
              handler = logging.handlers.QueueHandler(log_queue)
              logger.addHandler(handler)
              listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(log_queue)
              listener.start()
  
              logger.info('one')
              logger.info('two')
              logger.info('three')
              logger.info('four')
              logger.info('five')
  
              listener.stop()
              logger.removeHandler(handler)
              handler.close()
  
          @patch.object(logging.handlers.QueueListener, 'handle')
          def test_handle_called_with_queue_queue(self, mock_handle):
              for i in range(self.repeat):
                  log_queue = queue.Queue()
                  self.setup_and_log(log_queue, '%s_%s' % (self.id(), i))
              self.assertEqual(mock_handle.call_count, 5 * self.repeat,
                               'correct number of handled log messages')
  
          @patch.object(logging.handlers.QueueListener, 'handle')
          def test_handle_called_with_mp_queue(self, mock_handle):
              # bpo-28668: The multiprocessing (mp) module is not functional
              # when the mp.synchronize module cannot be imported.
              support.skip_if_broken_multiprocessing_synchronize()
              for i in range(self.repeat):
                  log_queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
                  self.setup_and_log(log_queue, '%s_%s' % (self.id(), i))
                  log_queue.close()
                  log_queue.join_thread()
              self.assertEqual(mock_handle.call_count, 5 * self.repeat,
                               'correct number of handled log messages')
  
          @staticmethod
          def get_all_from_queue(log_queue):
              try:
                  while True:
                      yield log_queue.get_nowait()
              except queue.Empty:
                  return []
  
          def test_no_messages_in_queue_after_stop(self):
              """
              Five messages are logged then the QueueListener is stopped. This
              test then gets everything off the queue. Failure of this test
              indicates that messages were not registered on the queue until
              _after_ the QueueListener stopped.
              """
              # bpo-28668: The multiprocessing (mp) module is not functional
              # when the mp.synchronize module cannot be imported.
              support.skip_if_broken_multiprocessing_synchronize()
              for i in range(self.repeat):
                  queue = multiprocessing.Queue()
                  self.setup_and_log(queue, '%s_%s' %(self.id(), i))
                  # time.sleep(1)
                  items = list(self.get_all_from_queue(queue))
                  queue.close()
                  queue.join_thread()
  
                  expected = [[], [logging.handlers.QueueListener._sentinel]]
                  self.assertIn(items, expected,
                                'Found unexpected messages in queue: %s' % (
                                      [m.msg if isinstance(m, logging.LogRecord)
                                       else m for m in items]))
  
          def test_calls_task_done_after_stop(self):
              # Issue 36813: Make sure queue.join does not deadlock.
              log_queue = queue.Queue()
              listener = logging.handlers.QueueListener(log_queue)
              listener.start()
              listener.stop()
              with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
                  # Make sure all tasks are done and .join won't block.
                  log_queue.task_done()
  
  
  ZERO = datetime.timedelta(0)
  
  class UTC(datetime.tzinfo):
      def utcoffset(self, dt):
          return ZERO
  
      dst = utcoffset
  
      def tzname(self, dt):
          return 'UTC'
  
  utc = UTC()
  
  class AssertErrorMessage:
  
      def assert_error_message(self, exception, message, *args, **kwargs):
          try:
              self.assertRaises((), *args, **kwargs)
          except exception as e:
              self.assertEqual(message, str(e))
  
  class FormatterTest(unittest.TestCase, AssertErrorMessage):
      def setUp(self):
          self.common = {
              'name': 'formatter.test',
              'level': logging.DEBUG,
              'pathname': os.path.join('path', 'to', 'dummy.ext'),
              'lineno': 42,
              'exc_info': None,
              'func': None,
              'msg': 'Message with %d %s',
              'args': (2, 'placeholders'),
          }
          self.variants = {
              'custom': {
                  'custom': 1234
              }
          }
  
      def get_record(self, name=None):
          result = dict(self.common)
          if name is not None:
              result.update(self.variants[name])
          return logging.makeLogRecord(result)
  
      def test_percent(self):
          # Test %-formatting
          r = self.get_record()
          f = logging.Formatter('${%(message)s}')
          self.assertEqual(f.format(r), '${Message with 2 placeholders}')
          f = logging.Formatter('%(random)s')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.format, r)
          self.assertFalse(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)-15s')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)#15s')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
  
      def test_braces(self):
          # Test {}-formatting
          r = self.get_record()
          f = logging.Formatter('$%{message}%$', style='{')
          self.assertEqual(f.format(r), '$%Message with 2 placeholders%$')
          f = logging.Formatter('{random}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.format, r)
          f = logging.Formatter("{message}", style='{')
          self.assertFalse(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('{asctime}', style='{')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('{asctime!s:15}', style='{')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('{asctime:15}', style='{')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
  
      def test_dollars(self):
          # Test $-formatting
          r = self.get_record()
          f = logging.Formatter('${message}', style='$')
          self.assertEqual(f.format(r), 'Message with 2 placeholders')
          f = logging.Formatter('$message', style='$')
          self.assertEqual(f.format(r), 'Message with 2 placeholders')
          f = logging.Formatter('$$%${message}%$$', style='$')
          self.assertEqual(f.format(r), '$%Message with 2 placeholders%$')
          f = logging.Formatter('${random}', style='$')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.format, r)
          self.assertFalse(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('${asctime}', style='$')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('$asctime', style='$')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('${message}', style='$')
          self.assertFalse(f.usesTime())
          f = logging.Formatter('${asctime}--', style='$')
          self.assertTrue(f.usesTime())
  
      def test_format_validate(self):
          # Check correct formatting
          # Percentage style
          f = logging.Formatter("%(levelname)-15s - %(message) 5s - %(process)03d - %(module) - %(asctime)*.3s")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "%(levelname)-15s - %(message) 5s - %(process)03d - %(module) - %(asctime)*.3s")
          f = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)*s - %(asctime)*.3s - %(process)-34.33o")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "%(asctime)*s - %(asctime)*.3s - %(process)-34.33o")
          f = logging.Formatter("%(process)#+027.23X")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "%(process)#+027.23X")
          f = logging.Formatter("%(foo)#.*g")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "%(foo)#.*g")
  
          # StrFormat Style
          f = logging.Formatter("$%{message}%$ - {asctime!a:15} - {customfield['key']}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "$%{message}%$ - {asctime!a:15} - {customfield['key']}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{process:.2f} - {custom.f:.4f}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{process:.2f} - {custom.f:.4f}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{customfield!s:#<30}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{customfield!s:#<30}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{message!r}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{message!r}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{message!s}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{message!s}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{message!a}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{message!a}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{process!r:4.2}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{process!r:4.2}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{process!s:<#30,.12f}- {custom:=+#30,.1d} - {module:^30}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{process!s:<#30,.12f}- {custom:=+#30,.1d} - {module:^30}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{process!s:{w},.{p}}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{process!s:{w},.{p}}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{foo:12.{p}}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{foo:12.{p}}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{foo:{w}.6}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{foo:{w}.6}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{foo[0].bar[1].baz}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{foo[0].bar[1].baz}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{foo[k1].bar[k2].baz}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{foo[k1].bar[k2].baz}")
          f = logging.Formatter("{12[k1].bar[k2].baz}", style="{")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "{12[k1].bar[k2].baz}")
  
          # Dollar style
          f = logging.Formatter("${asctime} - $message", style="$")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "${asctime} - $message")
          f = logging.Formatter("$bar $$", style="$")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "$bar $$")
          f = logging.Formatter("$bar $$$$", style="$")
          self.assertEqual(f._fmt, "$bar $$$$")  # this would print two $($$)
  
          # Testing when ValueError being raised from incorrect format
          # Percentage Style
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, "%(asctime)Z")
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, "%(asctime)b")
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, "%(asctime)*")
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, "%(asctime)*3s")
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, "%(asctime)_")
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{asctime}')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '${message}')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '%(foo)#12.3*f')  # with both * and decimal number as precision
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '%(foo)0*.8*f')
  
          # StrFormat Style
          # Testing failure for '-' in field name
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: invalid field name/expression: 'name-thing'",
              logging.Formatter, "{name-thing}", style="{"
          )
          # Testing failure for style mismatch
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: no fields",
              logging.Formatter, '%(asctime)s', style='{'
          )
          # Testing failure for invalid conversion
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid conversion: 'Z'"
          )
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{asctime!s:#30,15f}', style='{')
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: expected ':' after conversion specifier",
              logging.Formatter, '{asctime!aa:15}', style='{'
          )
          # Testing failure for invalid spec
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: bad specifier: '.2ff'",
              logging.Formatter, '{process:.2ff}', style='{'
          )
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{process:.2Z}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{process!s:<##30,12g}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{process!s:<#30#,12g}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{process!s:{{w}},{{p}}}', style='{')
          # Testing failure for mismatch braces
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: expected '}' before end of string",
              logging.Formatter, '{process', style='{'
          )
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: Single '}' encountered in format string",
              logging.Formatter, 'process}', style='{'
          )
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{{foo!r:4.2}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{{foo!r:4.2}}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo/bar}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo:{{w}}.{{p}}}}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo!X:{{w}}.{{p}}}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo!a:random}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo!a:ran{dom}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo!a:ran{d}om}', style='{')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '{foo.!a:d}', style='{')
  
          # Dollar style
          # Testing failure for mismatch bare $
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: bare \'$\' not allowed",
              logging.Formatter, '$bar $$$', style='$'
          )
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: bare \'$\' not allowed",
              logging.Formatter, 'bar $', style='$'
          )
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: bare \'$\' not allowed",
              logging.Formatter, 'foo $.', style='$'
          )
          # Testing failure for mismatch style
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: no fields",
              logging.Formatter, '{asctime}', style='$'
          )
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '%(asctime)s', style='$')
  
          # Testing failure for incorrect fields
          self.assert_error_message(
              ValueError,
              "invalid format: no fields",
              logging.Formatter, 'foo', style='$'
          )
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, '${asctime', style='$')
  
      def test_defaults_parameter(self):
          fmts = ['%(custom)s %(message)s', '{custom} {message}', '$custom $message']
          styles = ['%', '{', '$']
          for fmt, style in zip(fmts, styles):
              f = logging.Formatter(fmt, style=style, defaults={'custom': 'Default'})
              r = self.get_record()
              self.assertEqual(f.format(r), 'Default Message with 2 placeholders')
              r = self.get_record("custom")
              self.assertEqual(f.format(r), '1234 Message with 2 placeholders')
  
              # Without default
              f = logging.Formatter(fmt, style=style)
              r = self.get_record()
              self.assertRaises(ValueError, f.format, r)
  
              # Non-existing default is ignored
              f = logging.Formatter(fmt, style=style, defaults={'Non-existing': 'Default'})
              r = self.get_record("custom")
              self.assertEqual(f.format(r), '1234 Message with 2 placeholders')
  
      def test_invalid_style(self):
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.Formatter, None, None, 'x')
  
      def test_time(self):
          r = self.get_record()
          dt = datetime.datetime(1993, 4, 21, 8, 3, 0, 0, utc)
          # We use None to indicate we want the local timezone
          # We're essentially converting a UTC time to local time
          r.created = time.mktime(dt.astimezone(None).timetuple())
          r.msecs = 123
          f = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
          f.converter = time.gmtime
          self.assertEqual(f.formatTime(r), '1993-04-21 08:03:00,123')
          self.assertEqual(f.formatTime(r, '%Y:%d'), '1993:21')
          f.format(r)
          self.assertEqual(r.asctime, '1993-04-21 08:03:00,123')
  
      def test_default_msec_format_none(self):
          class NoMsecFormatter(logging.Formatter):
              default_msec_format = None
              default_time_format = '%d/%m/%Y %H:%M:%S'
  
          r = self.get_record()
          dt = datetime.datetime(1993, 4, 21, 8, 3, 0, 123, utc)
          r.created = time.mktime(dt.astimezone(None).timetuple())
          f = NoMsecFormatter()
          f.converter = time.gmtime
          self.assertEqual(f.formatTime(r), '21/04/1993 08:03:00')
  
  
  class TestBufferingFormatter(logging.BufferingFormatter):
      def formatHeader(self, records):
          return '[(%d)' % len(records)
  
      def formatFooter(self, records):
          return '(%d)]' % len(records)
  
  class BufferingFormatterTest(unittest.TestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          self.records = [
              logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'one'}),
              logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'two'}),
          ]
  
      def test_default(self):
          f = logging.BufferingFormatter()
          self.assertEqual('', f.format([]))
          self.assertEqual('onetwo', f.format(self.records))
  
      def test_custom(self):
          f = TestBufferingFormatter()
          self.assertEqual('[(2)onetwo(2)]', f.format(self.records))
          lf = logging.Formatter('<%(message)s>')
          f = TestBufferingFormatter(lf)
          self.assertEqual('[(2)<one><two>(2)]', f.format(self.records))
  
  class ExceptionTest(BaseTest):
      def test_formatting(self):
          r = self.root_logger
          h = RecordingHandler()
          r.addHandler(h)
          try:
              raise RuntimeError('deliberate mistake')
          except:
              logging.exception('failed', stack_info=True)
          r.removeHandler(h)
          h.close()
          r = h.records[0]
          self.assertTrue(r.exc_text.startswith('Traceback (most recent '
                                                'call last):\n'))
          self.assertTrue(r.exc_text.endswith('\nRuntimeError: '
                                              'deliberate mistake'))
          self.assertTrue(r.stack_info.startswith('Stack (most recent '
                                                'call last):\n'))
          self.assertTrue(r.stack_info.endswith('logging.exception(\'failed\', '
                                              'stack_info=True)'))
  
  
  class LastResortTest(BaseTest):
      def test_last_resort(self):
          # Test the last resort handler
          root = self.root_logger
          root.removeHandler(self.root_hdlr)
          old_lastresort = logging.lastResort
          old_raise_exceptions = logging.raiseExceptions
  
          try:
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  root.debug('This should not appear')
                  self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), '')
                  root.warning('Final chance!')
                  self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), 'Final chance!\n')
  
              # No handlers and no last resort, so 'No handlers' message
              logging.lastResort = None
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  root.warning('Final chance!')
                  msg = 'No handlers could be found for logger "root"\n'
                  self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), msg)
  
              # 'No handlers' message only printed once
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  root.warning('Final chance!')
                  self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), '')
  
              # If raiseExceptions is False, no message is printed
              root.manager.emittedNoHandlerWarning = False
              logging.raiseExceptions = False
              with support.captured_stderr() as stderr:
                  root.warning('Final chance!')
                  self.assertEqual(stderr.getvalue(), '')
          finally:
              root.addHandler(self.root_hdlr)
              logging.lastResort = old_lastresort
              logging.raiseExceptions = old_raise_exceptions
  
  
  class FakeHandler:
  
      def __init__(self, identifier, called):
          for method in ('acquire', 'flush', 'close', 'release'):
              setattr(self, method, self.record_call(identifier, method, called))
  
      def record_call(self, identifier, method_name, called):
          def inner():
              called.append('{} - {}'.format(identifier, method_name))
          return inner
  
  
  class RecordingHandler(logging.NullHandler):
  
      def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
          super(RecordingHandler, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
          self.records = []
  
      def handle(self, record):
          """Keep track of all the emitted records."""
          self.records.append(record)
  
  
  class ShutdownTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test suite for the shutdown method."""
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(ShutdownTest, self).setUp()
          self.called = []
  
          raise_exceptions = logging.raiseExceptions
          self.addCleanup(setattr, logging, 'raiseExceptions', raise_exceptions)
  
      def raise_error(self, error):
          def inner():
              raise error()
          return inner
  
      def test_no_failure(self):
          # create some fake handlers
          handler0 = FakeHandler(0, self.called)
          handler1 = FakeHandler(1, self.called)
          handler2 = FakeHandler(2, self.called)
  
          # create live weakref to those handlers
          handlers = map(logging.weakref.ref, [handler0, handler1, handler2])
  
          logging.shutdown(handlerList=list(handlers))
  
          expected = ['2 - acquire', '2 - flush', '2 - close', '2 - release',
                      '1 - acquire', '1 - flush', '1 - close', '1 - release',
                      '0 - acquire', '0 - flush', '0 - close', '0 - release']
          self.assertEqual(expected, self.called)
  
      def _test_with_failure_in_method(self, method, error):
          handler = FakeHandler(0, self.called)
          setattr(handler, method, self.raise_error(error))
          handlers = [logging.weakref.ref(handler)]
  
          logging.shutdown(handlerList=list(handlers))
  
          self.assertEqual('0 - release', self.called[-1])
  
      def test_with_ioerror_in_acquire(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('acquire', OSError)
  
      def test_with_ioerror_in_flush(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('flush', OSError)
  
      def test_with_ioerror_in_close(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('close', OSError)
  
      def test_with_valueerror_in_acquire(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('acquire', ValueError)
  
      def test_with_valueerror_in_flush(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('flush', ValueError)
  
      def test_with_valueerror_in_close(self):
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('close', ValueError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_acquire_without_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = False
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('acquire', IndexError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_flush_without_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = False
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('flush', IndexError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_close_without_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = False
          self._test_with_failure_in_method('close', IndexError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_acquire_with_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = True
          self.assertRaises(IndexError, self._test_with_failure_in_method,
                            'acquire', IndexError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_flush_with_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = True
          self.assertRaises(IndexError, self._test_with_failure_in_method,
                            'flush', IndexError)
  
      def test_with_other_error_in_close_with_raise(self):
          logging.raiseExceptions = True
          self.assertRaises(IndexError, self._test_with_failure_in_method,
                            'close', IndexError)
  
  
  class ModuleLevelMiscTest(BaseTest):
  
      """Test suite for some module level methods."""
  
      def test_disable(self):
          old_disable = logging.root.manager.disable
          # confirm our assumptions are correct
          self.assertEqual(old_disable, 0)
          self.addCleanup(logging.disable, old_disable)
  
          logging.disable(83)
          self.assertEqual(logging.root.manager.disable, 83)
  
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, logging.disable, "doesnotexists")
  
          class _NotAnIntOrString:
              pass
  
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, logging.disable, _NotAnIntOrString())
  
          logging.disable("WARN")
  
          # test the default value introduced in 3.7
          # (Issue #28524)
          logging.disable()
          self.assertEqual(logging.root.manager.disable, logging.CRITICAL)
  
      def _test_log(self, method, level=None):
          called = []
          support.patch(self, logging, 'basicConfig',
                        lambda *a, **kw: called.append((a, kw)))
  
          recording = RecordingHandler()
          logging.root.addHandler(recording)
  
          log_method = getattr(logging, method)
          if level is not None:
              log_method(level, "test me: %r", recording)
          else:
              log_method("test me: %r", recording)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(recording.records), 1)
          record = recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.getMessage(), "test me: %r" % recording)
  
          expected_level = level if level is not None else getattr(logging, method.upper())
          self.assertEqual(record.levelno, expected_level)
  
          # basicConfig was not called!
          self.assertEqual(called, [])
  
      def test_log(self):
          self._test_log('log', logging.ERROR)
  
      def test_debug(self):
          self._test_log('debug')
  
      def test_info(self):
          self._test_log('info')
  
      def test_warning(self):
          self._test_log('warning')
  
      def test_error(self):
          self._test_log('error')
  
      def test_critical(self):
          self._test_log('critical')
  
      def test_set_logger_class(self):
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, logging.setLoggerClass, object)
  
          class MyLogger(logging.Logger):
              pass
  
          logging.setLoggerClass(MyLogger)
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLoggerClass(), MyLogger)
  
          logging.setLoggerClass(logging.Logger)
          self.assertEqual(logging.getLoggerClass(), logging.Logger)
  
      def test_subclass_logger_cache(self):
          # bpo-37258
          message = []
  
          class MyLogger(logging.getLoggerClass()):
              def __init__(self, name='MyLogger', level=logging.NOTSET):
                  super().__init__(name, level)
                  message.append('initialized')
  
          logging.setLoggerClass(MyLogger)
          logger = logging.getLogger('just_some_logger')
          self.assertEqual(message, ['initialized'])
          stream = io.StringIO()
          h = logging.StreamHandler(stream)
          logger.addHandler(h)
          try:
              logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
              logger.debug("hello")
              self.assertEqual(stream.getvalue().strip(), "hello")
  
              stream.truncate(0)
              stream.seek(0)
  
              logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
              logger.debug("hello")
              self.assertEqual(stream.getvalue(), "")
          finally:
              logger.removeHandler(h)
              h.close()
              logging.setLoggerClass(logging.Logger)
  
      def test_logging_at_shutdown(self):
          # bpo-20037: Doing text I/O late at interpreter shutdown must not crash
          code = textwrap.dedent("""
              import logging
  
              class A:
                  def __del__(self):
                      try:
                          raise ValueError("some error")
                      except Exception:
                          logging.exception("exception in __del__")
  
              a = A()
          """)
          rc, out, err = assert_python_ok("-c", code)
          err = err.decode()
          self.assertIn("exception in __del__", err)
          self.assertIn("ValueError: some error", err)
  
      def test_logging_at_shutdown_open(self):
          # bpo-26789: FileHandler keeps a reference to the builtin open()
          # function to be able to open or reopen the file during Python
          # finalization.
          filename = os_helper.TESTFN
          self.addCleanup(os_helper.unlink, filename)
  
          code = textwrap.dedent(f"""
              import builtins
              import logging
  
              class A:
                  def __del__(self):
                      logging.error("log in __del__")
  
              # basicConfig() opens the file, but logging.shutdown() closes
              # it at Python exit. When A.__del__() is called,
              # FileHandler._open() must be called again to re-open the file.
              logging.basicConfig(filename={filename!r}, encoding="utf-8")
  
              a = A()
  
              # Simulate the Python finalization which removes the builtin
              # open() function.
              del builtins.open
          """)
          assert_python_ok("-c", code)
  
          with open(filename, encoding="utf-8") as fp:
              self.assertEqual(fp.read().rstrip(), "ERROR:root:log in __del__")
  
      def test_recursion_error(self):
          # Issue 36272
          code = textwrap.dedent("""
              import logging
  
              def rec():
                  logging.error("foo")
                  rec()
  
              rec()
          """)
          rc, out, err = assert_python_failure("-c", code)
          err = err.decode()
          self.assertNotIn("Cannot recover from stack overflow.", err)
          self.assertEqual(rc, 1)
  
  
  class LogRecordTest(BaseTest):
      def test_str_rep(self):
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
          s = str(r)
          self.assertTrue(s.startswith('<LogRecord: '))
          self.assertTrue(s.endswith('>'))
  
      def test_dict_arg(self):
          h = RecordingHandler()
          r = logging.getLogger()
          r.addHandler(h)
          d = {'less' : 'more' }
          logging.warning('less is %(less)s', d)
          self.assertIs(h.records[0].args, d)
          self.assertEqual(h.records[0].message, 'less is more')
          r.removeHandler(h)
          h.close()
  
      @staticmethod # pickled as target of child process in the following test
      def _extract_logrecord_process_name(key, logMultiprocessing, conn=None):
          prev_logMultiprocessing = logging.logMultiprocessing
          logging.logMultiprocessing = logMultiprocessing
          try:
              import multiprocessing as mp
              name = mp.current_process().name
  
              r1 = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': f'msg1_{key}'})
  
              # https://bugs.python.org/issue45128
              with support.swap_item(sys.modules, 'multiprocessing', None):
                  r2 = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': f'msg2_{key}'})
  
              results = {'processName'  : name,
                         'r1.processName': r1.processName,
                         'r2.processName': r2.processName,
                        }
          finally:
              logging.logMultiprocessing = prev_logMultiprocessing
          if conn:
              conn.send(results)
          else:
              return results
  
      def test_multiprocessing(self):
          multiprocessing_imported = 'multiprocessing' in sys.modules
          try:
              # logMultiprocessing is True by default
              self.assertEqual(logging.logMultiprocessing, True)
  
              LOG_MULTI_PROCESSING = True
              # When logMultiprocessing == True:
              # In the main process processName = 'MainProcess'
              r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
              self.assertEqual(r.processName, 'MainProcess')
  
              results = self._extract_logrecord_process_name(1, LOG_MULTI_PROCESSING)
              self.assertEqual('MainProcess', results['processName'])
              self.assertEqual('MainProcess', results['r1.processName'])
              self.assertEqual('MainProcess', results['r2.processName'])
  
              # In other processes, processName is correct when multiprocessing in imported,
              # but it is (incorrectly) defaulted to 'MainProcess' otherwise (bpo-38762).
              import multiprocessing
              parent_conn, child_conn = multiprocessing.Pipe()
              p = multiprocessing.Process(
                  target=self._extract_logrecord_process_name,
                  args=(2, LOG_MULTI_PROCESSING, child_conn,)
              )
              p.start()
              results = parent_conn.recv()
              self.assertNotEqual('MainProcess', results['processName'])
              self.assertEqual(results['processName'], results['r1.processName'])
              self.assertEqual('MainProcess', results['r2.processName'])
              p.join()
  
          finally:
              if multiprocessing_imported:
                  import multiprocessing
  
      def test_optional(self):
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
          NOT_NONE = self.assertIsNotNone
          NOT_NONE(r.thread)
          NOT_NONE(r.threadName)
          NOT_NONE(r.process)
          NOT_NONE(r.processName)
          log_threads = logging.logThreads
          log_processes = logging.logProcesses
          log_multiprocessing = logging.logMultiprocessing
          try:
              logging.logThreads = False
              logging.logProcesses = False
              logging.logMultiprocessing = False
              r = logging.makeLogRecord({})
              NONE = self.assertIsNone
              NONE(r.thread)
              NONE(r.threadName)
              NONE(r.process)
              NONE(r.processName)
          finally:
              logging.logThreads = log_threads
              logging.logProcesses = log_processes
              logging.logMultiprocessing = log_multiprocessing
  
  class BasicConfigTest(unittest.TestCase):
  
      """Test suite for logging.basicConfig."""
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(BasicConfigTest, self).setUp()
          self.handlers = logging.root.handlers
          self.saved_handlers = logging._handlers.copy()
          self.saved_handler_list = logging._handlerList[:]
          self.original_logging_level = logging.root.level
          self.addCleanup(self.cleanup)
          logging.root.handlers = []
  
      def tearDown(self):
          for h in logging.root.handlers[:]:
              logging.root.removeHandler(h)
              h.close()
          super(BasicConfigTest, self).tearDown()
  
      def cleanup(self):
          setattr(logging.root, 'handlers', self.handlers)
          logging._handlers.clear()
          logging._handlers.update(self.saved_handlers)
          logging._handlerList[:] = self.saved_handler_list
          logging.root.setLevel(self.original_logging_level)
  
      def test_no_kwargs(self):
          logging.basicConfig()
  
          # handler defaults to a StreamHandler to sys.stderr
          self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.StreamHandler)
          self.assertEqual(handler.stream, sys.stderr)
  
          formatter = handler.formatter
          # format defaults to logging.BASIC_FORMAT
          self.assertEqual(formatter._style._fmt, logging.BASIC_FORMAT)
          # datefmt defaults to None
          self.assertIsNone(formatter.datefmt)
          # style defaults to %
          self.assertIsInstance(formatter._style, logging.PercentStyle)
  
          # level is not explicitly set
          self.assertEqual(logging.root.level, self.original_logging_level)
  
      def test_strformatstyle(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, style="{")
              logging.error("Log an error")
              sys.stdout.seek(0)
              self.assertEqual(output.getvalue().strip(),
                  "ERROR:root:Log an error")
  
      def test_stringtemplatestyle(self):
          with support.captured_stdout() as output:
              logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, style="$")
              logging.error("Log an error")
              sys.stdout.seek(0)
              self.assertEqual(output.getvalue().strip(),
                  "ERROR:root:Log an error")
  
      def test_filename(self):
  
          def cleanup(h1, h2, fn):
              h1.close()
              h2.close()
              os.remove(fn)
  
          logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', encoding='utf-8')
  
          self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.FileHandler)
  
          expected = logging.FileHandler('test.log', 'a', encoding='utf-8')
          self.assertEqual(handler.stream.mode, expected.stream.mode)
          self.assertEqual(handler.stream.name, expected.stream.name)
          self.addCleanup(cleanup, handler, expected, 'test.log')
  
      def test_filemode(self):
  
          def cleanup(h1, h2, fn):
              h1.close()
              h2.close()
              os.remove(fn)
  
          logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', filemode='wb')
  
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          expected = logging.FileHandler('test.log', 'wb')
          self.assertEqual(handler.stream.mode, expected.stream.mode)
          self.addCleanup(cleanup, handler, expected, 'test.log')
  
      def test_stream(self):
          stream = io.StringIO()
          self.addCleanup(stream.close)
          logging.basicConfig(stream=stream)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
          handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
          self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.StreamHandler)
          self.assertEqual(handler.stream, stream)
  
      def test_format(self):
          logging.basicConfig(format='%(asctime)s - %(message)s')
  
          formatter = logging.root.handlers[0].formatter
          self.assertEqual(formatter._style._fmt, '%(asctime)s - %(message)s')
  
      def test_datefmt(self):
          logging.basicConfig(datefmt='bar')
  
          formatter = logging.root.handlers[0].formatter
          self.assertEqual(formatter.datefmt, 'bar')
  
      def test_style(self):
          logging.basicConfig(style='$')
  
          formatter = logging.root.handlers[0].formatter
          self.assertIsInstance(formatter._style, logging.StringTemplateStyle)
  
      def test_level(self):
          old_level = logging.root.level
          self.addCleanup(logging.root.setLevel, old_level)
  
          logging.basicConfig(level=57)
          self.assertEqual(logging.root.level, 57)
          # Test that second call has no effect
          logging.basicConfig(level=58)
          self.assertEqual(logging.root.level, 57)
  
      def test_incompatible(self):
          assertRaises = self.assertRaises
          handlers = [logging.StreamHandler()]
          stream = sys.stderr
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.basicConfig, filename='test.log',
                                                        stream=stream)
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.basicConfig, filename='test.log',
                                                        handlers=handlers)
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.basicConfig, stream=stream,
                                                        handlers=handlers)
          # Issue 23207: test for invalid kwargs
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.basicConfig, loglevel=logging.INFO)
          # Should pop both filename and filemode even if filename is None
          logging.basicConfig(filename=None, filemode='a')
  
      def test_handlers(self):
          handlers = [
              logging.StreamHandler(),
              logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout),
              logging.StreamHandler(),
          ]
          f = logging.Formatter()
          handlers[2].setFormatter(f)
          logging.basicConfig(handlers=handlers)
          self.assertIs(handlers[0], logging.root.handlers[0])
          self.assertIs(handlers[1], logging.root.handlers[1])
          self.assertIs(handlers[2], logging.root.handlers[2])
          self.assertIsNotNone(handlers[0].formatter)
          self.assertIsNotNone(handlers[1].formatter)
          self.assertIs(handlers[2].formatter, f)
          self.assertIs(handlers[0].formatter, handlers[1].formatter)
  
      def test_force(self):
          old_string_io = io.StringIO()
          new_string_io = io.StringIO()
          old_handlers = [logging.StreamHandler(old_string_io)]
          new_handlers = [logging.StreamHandler(new_string_io)]
          logging.basicConfig(level=logging.WARNING, handlers=old_handlers)
          logging.warning('warn')
          logging.info('info')
          logging.debug('debug')
          self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
          logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, handlers=new_handlers,
                              force=True)
          logging.warning('warn')
          logging.info('info')
          logging.debug('debug')
          self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
          self.assertEqual(old_string_io.getvalue().strip(),
                           'WARNING:root:warn')
          self.assertEqual(new_string_io.getvalue().strip(),
                           'WARNING:root:warn\nINFO:root:info')
  
      def test_encoding(self):
          try:
              encoding = 'utf-8'
              logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', encoding=encoding,
                                  errors='strict',
                                  format='%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
  
              self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
              handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
              self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.FileHandler)
              self.assertEqual(handler.encoding, encoding)
              logging.debug('The Øresund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malmö')
          finally:
              handler.close()
              with open('test.log', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  data = f.read().strip()
              os.remove('test.log')
              self.assertEqual(data,
                               'The Øresund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malmö')
  
      def test_encoding_errors(self):
          try:
              encoding = 'ascii'
              logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', encoding=encoding,
                                  errors='ignore',
                                  format='%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
  
              self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
              handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
              self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.FileHandler)
              self.assertEqual(handler.encoding, encoding)
              logging.debug('The Øresund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malmö')
          finally:
              handler.close()
              with open('test.log', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  data = f.read().strip()
              os.remove('test.log')
              self.assertEqual(data, 'The resund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malm')
  
      def test_encoding_errors_default(self):
          try:
              encoding = 'ascii'
              logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', encoding=encoding,
                                  format='%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
  
              self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
              handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
              self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.FileHandler)
              self.assertEqual(handler.encoding, encoding)
              self.assertEqual(handler.errors, 'backslashreplace')
              logging.debug('😂: ☃️: The Øresund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malmö')
          finally:
              handler.close()
              with open('test.log', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  data = f.read().strip()
              os.remove('test.log')
              self.assertEqual(data, r'\U0001f602: \u2603\ufe0f: The \xd8resund '
                                     r'Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malm\xf6')
  
      def test_encoding_errors_none(self):
          # Specifying None should behave as 'strict'
          try:
              encoding = 'ascii'
              logging.basicConfig(filename='test.log', encoding=encoding,
                                  errors=None,
                                  format='%(message)s', level=logging.DEBUG)
  
              self.assertEqual(len(logging.root.handlers), 1)
              handler = logging.root.handlers[0]
              self.assertIsInstance(handler, logging.FileHandler)
              self.assertEqual(handler.encoding, encoding)
              self.assertIsNone(handler.errors)
  
              message = []
  
              def dummy_handle_error(record):
                  _, v, _ = sys.exc_info()
                  message.append(str(v))
  
              handler.handleError = dummy_handle_error
              logging.debug('The Øresund Bridge joins Copenhagen to Malmö')
              self.assertTrue(message)
              self.assertIn("'ascii' codec can't encode "
                            "character '\\xd8' in position 4:", message[0])
          finally:
              handler.close()
              with open('test.log', encoding='utf-8') as f:
                  data = f.read().strip()
              os.remove('test.log')
              # didn't write anything due to the encoding error
              self.assertEqual(data, r'')
  
  
      def _test_log(self, method, level=None):
          # logging.root has no handlers so basicConfig should be called
          called = []
  
          old_basic_config = logging.basicConfig
          def my_basic_config(*a, **kw):
              old_basic_config()
              old_level = logging.root.level
              logging.root.setLevel(100)  # avoid having messages in stderr
              self.addCleanup(logging.root.setLevel, old_level)
              called.append((a, kw))
  
          support.patch(self, logging, 'basicConfig', my_basic_config)
  
          log_method = getattr(logging, method)
          if level is not None:
              log_method(level, "test me")
          else:
              log_method("test me")
  
          # basicConfig was called with no arguments
          self.assertEqual(called, [((), {})])
  
      def test_log(self):
          self._test_log('log', logging.WARNING)
  
      def test_debug(self):
          self._test_log('debug')
  
      def test_info(self):
          self._test_log('info')
  
      def test_warning(self):
          self._test_log('warning')
  
      def test_error(self):
          self._test_log('error')
  
      def test_critical(self):
          self._test_log('critical')
  
  
  class LoggerAdapterTest(unittest.TestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(LoggerAdapterTest, self).setUp()
          old_handler_list = logging._handlerList[:]
  
          self.recording = RecordingHandler()
          self.logger = logging.root
          self.logger.addHandler(self.recording)
          self.addCleanup(self.logger.removeHandler, self.recording)
          self.addCleanup(self.recording.close)
  
          def cleanup():
              logging._handlerList[:] = old_handler_list
  
          self.addCleanup(cleanup)
          self.addCleanup(logging.shutdown)
          self.adapter = logging.LoggerAdapter(logger=self.logger, extra=None)
  
      def test_exception(self):
          msg = 'testing exception: %r'
          exc = None
          try:
              1 / 0
          except ZeroDivisionError as e:
              exc = e
              self.adapter.exception(msg, self.recording)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(self.recording.records), 1)
          record = self.recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.levelno, logging.ERROR)
          self.assertEqual(record.msg, msg)
          self.assertEqual(record.args, (self.recording,))
          self.assertEqual(record.exc_info,
                           (exc.__class__, exc, exc.__traceback__))
  
      def test_exception_excinfo(self):
          try:
              1 / 0
          except ZeroDivisionError as e:
              exc = e
  
          self.adapter.exception('exc_info test', exc_info=exc)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(self.recording.records), 1)
          record = self.recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.exc_info,
                           (exc.__class__, exc, exc.__traceback__))
  
      def test_critical(self):
          msg = 'critical test! %r'
          self.adapter.critical(msg, self.recording)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(self.recording.records), 1)
          record = self.recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.levelno, logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(record.msg, msg)
          self.assertEqual(record.args, (self.recording,))
  
      def test_is_enabled_for(self):
          old_disable = self.adapter.logger.manager.disable
          self.adapter.logger.manager.disable = 33
          self.addCleanup(setattr, self.adapter.logger.manager, 'disable',
                          old_disable)
          self.assertFalse(self.adapter.isEnabledFor(32))
  
      def test_has_handlers(self):
          self.assertTrue(self.adapter.hasHandlers())
  
          for handler in self.logger.handlers:
              self.logger.removeHandler(handler)
  
          self.assertFalse(self.logger.hasHandlers())
          self.assertFalse(self.adapter.hasHandlers())
  
      def test_nested(self):
          class Adapter(logging.LoggerAdapter):
              prefix = 'Adapter'
  
              def process(self, msg, kwargs):
                  return f"{self.prefix} {msg}", kwargs
  
          msg = 'Adapters can be nested, yo.'
          adapter = Adapter(logger=self.logger, extra=None)
          adapter_adapter = Adapter(logger=adapter, extra=None)
          adapter_adapter.prefix = 'AdapterAdapter'
          self.assertEqual(repr(adapter), repr(adapter_adapter))
          adapter_adapter.log(logging.CRITICAL, msg, self.recording)
          self.assertEqual(len(self.recording.records), 1)
          record = self.recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.levelno, logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(record.msg, f"Adapter AdapterAdapter {msg}")
          self.assertEqual(record.args, (self.recording,))
          orig_manager = adapter_adapter.manager
          self.assertIs(adapter.manager, orig_manager)
          self.assertIs(self.logger.manager, orig_manager)
          temp_manager = object()
          try:
              adapter_adapter.manager = temp_manager
              self.assertIs(adapter_adapter.manager, temp_manager)
              self.assertIs(adapter.manager, temp_manager)
              self.assertIs(self.logger.manager, temp_manager)
          finally:
              adapter_adapter.manager = orig_manager
          self.assertIs(adapter_adapter.manager, orig_manager)
          self.assertIs(adapter.manager, orig_manager)
          self.assertIs(self.logger.manager, orig_manager)
  
  
  class LoggerTest(BaseTest, AssertErrorMessage):
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(LoggerTest, self).setUp()
          self.recording = RecordingHandler()
          self.logger = logging.Logger(name='blah')
          self.logger.addHandler(self.recording)
          self.addCleanup(self.logger.removeHandler, self.recording)
          self.addCleanup(self.recording.close)
          self.addCleanup(logging.shutdown)
  
      def test_set_invalid_level(self):
          self.assert_error_message(
              TypeError, 'Level not an integer or a valid string: None',
              self.logger.setLevel, None)
          self.assert_error_message(
              TypeError, 'Level not an integer or a valid string: (0, 0)',
              self.logger.setLevel, (0, 0))
  
      def test_exception(self):
          msg = 'testing exception: %r'
          exc = None
          try:
              1 / 0
          except ZeroDivisionError as e:
              exc = e
              self.logger.exception(msg, self.recording)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(self.recording.records), 1)
          record = self.recording.records[0]
          self.assertEqual(record.levelno, logging.ERROR)
          self.assertEqual(record.msg, msg)
          self.assertEqual(record.args, (self.recording,))
          self.assertEqual(record.exc_info,
                           (exc.__class__, exc, exc.__traceback__))
  
      def test_log_invalid_level_with_raise(self):
          with support.swap_attr(logging, 'raiseExceptions', True):
              self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.logger.log, '10', 'test message')
  
      def test_log_invalid_level_no_raise(self):
          with support.swap_attr(logging, 'raiseExceptions', False):
              self.logger.log('10', 'test message')  # no exception happens
  
      def test_find_caller_with_stack_info(self):
          called = []
          support.patch(self, logging.traceback, 'print_stack',
                        lambda f, file: called.append(file.getvalue()))
  
          self.logger.findCaller(stack_info=True)
  
          self.assertEqual(len(called), 1)
          self.assertEqual('Stack (most recent call last):\n', called[0])
  
      def test_find_caller_with_stacklevel(self):
          the_level = 1
  
          def innermost():
              self.logger.warning('test', stacklevel=the_level)
  
          def inner():
              innermost()
  
          def outer():
              inner()
  
          records = self.recording.records
          outer()
          self.assertEqual(records[-1].funcName, 'innermost')
          lineno = records[-1].lineno
          the_level += 1
          outer()
          self.assertEqual(records[-1].funcName, 'inner')
          self.assertGreater(records[-1].lineno, lineno)
          lineno = records[-1].lineno
          the_level += 1
          outer()
          self.assertEqual(records[-1].funcName, 'outer')
          self.assertGreater(records[-1].lineno, lineno)
          lineno = records[-1].lineno
          the_level += 1
          outer()
          self.assertEqual(records[-1].funcName, 'test_find_caller_with_stacklevel')
          self.assertGreater(records[-1].lineno, lineno)
  
      def test_make_record_with_extra_overwrite(self):
          name = 'my record'
          level = 13
          fn = lno = msg = args = exc_info = func = sinfo = None
          rv = logging._logRecordFactory(name, level, fn, lno, msg, args,
                                         exc_info, func, sinfo)
  
          for key in ('message', 'asctime') + tuple(rv.__dict__.keys()):
              extra = {key: 'some value'}
              self.assertRaises(KeyError, self.logger.makeRecord, name, level,
                                fn, lno, msg, args, exc_info,
                                extra=extra, sinfo=sinfo)
  
      def test_make_record_with_extra_no_overwrite(self):
          name = 'my record'
          level = 13
          fn = lno = msg = args = exc_info = func = sinfo = None
          extra = {'valid_key': 'some value'}
          result = self.logger.makeRecord(name, level, fn, lno, msg, args,
                                          exc_info, extra=extra, sinfo=sinfo)
          self.assertIn('valid_key', result.__dict__)
  
      def test_has_handlers(self):
          self.assertTrue(self.logger.hasHandlers())
  
          for handler in self.logger.handlers:
              self.logger.removeHandler(handler)
          self.assertFalse(self.logger.hasHandlers())
  
      def test_has_handlers_no_propagate(self):
          child_logger = logging.getLogger('blah.child')
          child_logger.propagate = False
          self.assertFalse(child_logger.hasHandlers())
  
      def test_is_enabled_for(self):
          old_disable = self.logger.manager.disable
          self.logger.manager.disable = 23
          self.addCleanup(setattr, self.logger.manager, 'disable', old_disable)
          self.assertFalse(self.logger.isEnabledFor(22))
  
      def test_is_enabled_for_disabled_logger(self):
          old_disabled = self.logger.disabled
          old_disable = self.logger.manager.disable
  
          self.logger.disabled = True
          self.logger.manager.disable = 21
  
          self.addCleanup(setattr, self.logger, 'disabled', old_disabled)
          self.addCleanup(setattr, self.logger.manager, 'disable', old_disable)
  
          self.assertFalse(self.logger.isEnabledFor(22))
  
      def test_root_logger_aliases(self):
          root = logging.getLogger()
          self.assertIs(root, logging.root)
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger(None))
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger(''))
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger('root'))
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger('foo').root)
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger('foo.bar').root)
          self.assertIs(root, logging.getLogger('foo').parent)
  
          self.assertIsNot(root, logging.getLogger('\0'))
          self.assertIsNot(root, logging.getLogger('foo.bar').parent)
  
      def test_invalid_names(self):
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, logging.getLogger, any)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, logging.getLogger, b'foo')
  
      def test_pickling(self):
          for proto in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
              for name in ('', 'root', 'foo', 'foo.bar', 'baz.bar'):
                  logger = logging.getLogger(name)
                  s = pickle.dumps(logger, proto)
                  unpickled = pickle.loads(s)
                  self.assertIs(unpickled, logger)
  
      def test_caching(self):
          root = self.root_logger
          logger1 = logging.getLogger("abc")
          logger2 = logging.getLogger("abc.def")
  
          # Set root logger level and ensure cache is empty
          root.setLevel(logging.ERROR)
          self.assertEqual(logger2.getEffectiveLevel(), logging.ERROR)
          self.assertEqual(logger2._cache, {})
  
          # Ensure cache is populated and calls are consistent
          self.assertTrue(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
          self.assertFalse(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG))
          self.assertEqual(logger2._cache, {logging.ERROR: True, logging.DEBUG: False})
          self.assertEqual(root._cache, {})
          self.assertTrue(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
  
          # Ensure root cache gets populated
          self.assertEqual(root._cache, {})
          self.assertTrue(root.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
          self.assertEqual(root._cache, {logging.ERROR: True})
  
          # Set parent logger level and ensure caches are emptied
          logger1.setLevel(logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(logger2.getEffectiveLevel(), logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(logger2._cache, {})
  
          # Ensure logger2 uses parent logger's effective level
          self.assertFalse(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
  
          # Set level to NOTSET and ensure caches are empty
          logger2.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
          self.assertEqual(logger2.getEffectiveLevel(), logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(logger2._cache, {})
          self.assertEqual(logger1._cache, {})
          self.assertEqual(root._cache, {})
  
          # Verify logger2 follows parent and not root
          self.assertFalse(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
          self.assertTrue(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.CRITICAL))
          self.assertFalse(logger1.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
          self.assertTrue(logger1.isEnabledFor(logging.CRITICAL))
          self.assertTrue(root.isEnabledFor(logging.ERROR))
  
          # Disable logging in manager and ensure caches are clear
          logging.disable()
          self.assertEqual(logger2.getEffectiveLevel(), logging.CRITICAL)
          self.assertEqual(logger2._cache, {})
          self.assertEqual(logger1._cache, {})
          self.assertEqual(root._cache, {})
  
          # Ensure no loggers are enabled
          self.assertFalse(logger1.isEnabledFor(logging.CRITICAL))
          self.assertFalse(logger2.isEnabledFor(logging.CRITICAL))
          self.assertFalse(root.isEnabledFor(logging.CRITICAL))
  
  
  class BaseFileTest(BaseTest):
      "Base class for handler tests that write log files"
  
      def setUp(self):
          BaseTest.setUp(self)
          fd, self.fn = tempfile.mkstemp(".log", "test_logging-2-")
          os.close(fd)
          self.rmfiles = []
  
      def tearDown(self):
          for fn in self.rmfiles:
              os.unlink(fn)
          if os.path.exists(self.fn):
              os.unlink(self.fn)
          BaseTest.tearDown(self)
  
      def assertLogFile(self, filename):
          "Assert a log file is there and register it for deletion"
          self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(filename),
                          msg="Log file %r does not exist" % filename)
          self.rmfiles.append(filename)
  
  
  class FileHandlerTest(BaseFileTest):
      def test_delay(self):
          os.unlink(self.fn)
          fh = logging.FileHandler(self.fn, encoding='utf-8', delay=True)
          self.assertIsNone(fh.stream)
          self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(self.fn))
          fh.handle(logging.makeLogRecord({}))
          self.assertIsNotNone(fh.stream)
          self.assertTrue(os.path.exists(self.fn))
          fh.close()
  
  class RotatingFileHandlerTest(BaseFileTest):
      def next_rec(self):
          return logging.LogRecord('n', logging.DEBUG, 'p', 1,
                                   self.next_message(), None, None, None)
  
      def test_should_not_rollover(self):
          # If maxbytes is zero rollover never occurs
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(
                  self.fn, encoding="utf-8", maxBytes=0)
          self.assertFalse(rh.shouldRollover(None))
          rh.close()
          # bpo-45401 - test with special file
          # We set maxBytes to 1 so that rollover would normally happen, except
          # for the check for regular files
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(
                  os.devnull, encoding="utf-8", maxBytes=1)
          self.assertFalse(rh.shouldRollover(self.next_rec()))
          rh.close()
  
      def test_should_rollover(self):
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(self.fn, encoding="utf-8", maxBytes=1)
          self.assertTrue(rh.shouldRollover(self.next_rec()))
          rh.close()
  
      def test_file_created(self):
          # checks that the file is created and assumes it was created
          # by us
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(self.fn, encoding="utf-8")
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
          rh.close()
  
      def test_rollover_filenames(self):
          def namer(name):
              return name + ".test"
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(
              self.fn, encoding="utf-8", backupCount=2, maxBytes=1)
          rh.namer = namer
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(namer(self.fn + ".1"))
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(namer(self.fn + ".2"))
          self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(namer(self.fn + ".3")))
          rh.close()
  
      def test_namer_rotator_inheritance(self):
          class HandlerWithNamerAndRotator(logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler):
              def namer(self, name):
                  return name + ".test"
  
              def rotator(self, source, dest):
                  if os.path.exists(source):
                      os.replace(source, dest + ".rotated")
  
          rh = HandlerWithNamerAndRotator(
              self.fn, encoding="utf-8", backupCount=2, maxBytes=1)
          self.assertEqual(rh.namer(self.fn), self.fn + ".test")
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          self.assertLogFile(rh.namer(self.fn + ".1") + ".rotated")
          self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(rh.namer(self.fn + ".1")))
          rh.close()
  
      @support.requires_zlib()
      def test_rotator(self):
          def namer(name):
              return name + ".gz"
  
          def rotator(source, dest):
              with open(source, "rb") as sf:
                  data = sf.read()
                  compressed = zlib.compress(data, 9)
                  with open(dest, "wb") as df:
                      df.write(compressed)
              os.remove(source)
  
          rh = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(
              self.fn, encoding="utf-8", backupCount=2, maxBytes=1)
          rh.rotator = rotator
          rh.namer = namer
          m1 = self.next_rec()
          rh.emit(m1)
          self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
          m2 = self.next_rec()
          rh.emit(m2)
          fn = namer(self.fn + ".1")
          self.assertLogFile(fn)
          newline = os.linesep
          with open(fn, "rb") as f:
              compressed = f.read()
              data = zlib.decompress(compressed)
              self.assertEqual(data.decode("ascii"), m1.msg + newline)
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          fn = namer(self.fn + ".2")
          self.assertLogFile(fn)
          with open(fn, "rb") as f:
              compressed = f.read()
              data = zlib.decompress(compressed)
              self.assertEqual(data.decode("ascii"), m1.msg + newline)
          rh.emit(self.next_rec())
          fn = namer(self.fn + ".2")
          with open(fn, "rb") as f:
              compressed = f.read()
              data = zlib.decompress(compressed)
              self.assertEqual(data.decode("ascii"), m2.msg + newline)
          self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(namer(self.fn + ".3")))
          rh.close()
  
  class TimedRotatingFileHandlerTest(BaseFileTest):
      def test_should_not_rollover(self):
          # See bpo-45401. Should only ever rollover regular files
          fh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
                  os.devnull, 'S', encoding="utf-8", backupCount=1)
          time.sleep(1.1)    # a little over a second ...
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'testing - device file'})
          self.assertFalse(fh.shouldRollover(r))
          fh.close()
  
      # other test methods added below
      def test_rollover(self):
          fh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
                  self.fn, 'S', encoding="utf-8", backupCount=1)
          fmt = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
          fh.setFormatter(fmt)
          r1 = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'testing - initial'})
          fh.emit(r1)
          self.assertLogFile(self.fn)
          time.sleep(1.1)    # a little over a second ...
          r2 = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'testing - after delay'})
          fh.emit(r2)
          fh.close()
          # At this point, we should have a recent rotated file which we
          # can test for the existence of. However, in practice, on some
          # machines which run really slowly, we don't know how far back
          # in time to go to look for the log file. So, we go back a fair
          # bit, and stop as soon as we see a rotated file. In theory this
          # could of course still fail, but the chances are lower.
          found = False
          now = datetime.datetime.now()
          GO_BACK = 5 * 60 # seconds
          for secs in range(GO_BACK):
              prev = now - datetime.timedelta(seconds=secs)
              fn = self.fn + prev.strftime(".%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S")
              found = os.path.exists(fn)
              if found:
                  self.rmfiles.append(fn)
                  break
          msg = 'No rotated files found, went back %d seconds' % GO_BACK
          if not found:
              # print additional diagnostics
              dn, fn = os.path.split(self.fn)
              files = [f for f in os.listdir(dn) if f.startswith(fn)]
              print('Test time: %s' % now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H-%M-%S"), file=sys.stderr)
              print('The only matching files are: %s' % files, file=sys.stderr)
              for f in files:
                  print('Contents of %s:' % f)
                  path = os.path.join(dn, f)
                  with open(path, 'r') as tf:
                      print(tf.read())
          self.assertTrue(found, msg=msg)
  
      def test_invalid(self):
          assertRaises = self.assertRaises
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler,
                       self.fn, 'X', encoding="utf-8", delay=True)
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler,
                       self.fn, 'W', encoding="utf-8", delay=True)
          assertRaises(ValueError, logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler,
                       self.fn, 'W7', encoding="utf-8", delay=True)
  
      def test_compute_rollover_daily_attime(self):
          currentTime = 0
          atTime = datetime.time(12, 0, 0)
          rh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
              self.fn, encoding="utf-8", when='MIDNIGHT', interval=1, backupCount=0,
              utc=True, atTime=atTime)
          try:
              actual = rh.computeRollover(currentTime)
              self.assertEqual(actual, currentTime + 12 * 60 * 60)
  
              actual = rh.computeRollover(currentTime + 13 * 60 * 60)
              self.assertEqual(actual, currentTime + 36 * 60 * 60)
          finally:
              rh.close()
  
      #@unittest.skipIf(True, 'Temporarily skipped while failures investigated.')
      def test_compute_rollover_weekly_attime(self):
          currentTime = int(time.time())
          today = currentTime - currentTime % 86400
  
          atTime = datetime.time(12, 0, 0)
  
          wday = time.gmtime(today).tm_wday
          for day in range(7):
              rh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
                  self.fn, encoding="utf-8", when='W%d' % day, interval=1, backupCount=0,
                  utc=True, atTime=atTime)
              try:
                  if wday > day:
                      # The rollover day has already passed this week, so we
                      # go over into next week
                      expected = (7 - wday + day)
                  else:
                      expected = (day - wday)
                  # At this point expected is in days from now, convert to seconds
                  expected *= 24 * 60 * 60
                  # Add in the rollover time
                  expected += 12 * 60 * 60
                  # Add in adjustment for today
                  expected += today
                  actual = rh.computeRollover(today)
                  if actual != expected:
                      print('failed in timezone: %d' % time.timezone)
                      print('local vars: %s' % locals())
                  self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
                  if day == wday:
                      # goes into following week
                      expected += 7 * 24 * 60 * 60
                  actual = rh.computeRollover(today + 13 * 60 * 60)
                  if actual != expected:
                      print('failed in timezone: %d' % time.timezone)
                      print('local vars: %s' % locals())
                  self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
              finally:
                  rh.close()
  
      def test_compute_files_to_delete(self):
          # See bpo-46063 for background
          wd = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='test_logging_')
          self.addCleanup(shutil.rmtree, wd)
          times = []
          dt = datetime.datetime.now()
          for i in range(10):
              times.append(dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S'))
              dt += datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)
          prefixes = ('a.b', 'a.b.c', 'd.e', 'd.e.f')
          files = []
          rotators = []
          for prefix in prefixes:
              p = os.path.join(wd, '%s.log' % prefix)
              rotator = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(p, when='s',
                                                                  interval=5,
                                                                  backupCount=7,
                                                                  delay=True)
              rotators.append(rotator)
              if prefix.startswith('a.b'):
                  for t in times:
                      files.append('%s.log.%s' % (prefix, t))
              else:
                  rotator.namer = lambda name: name.replace('.log', '') + '.log'
                  for t in times:
                      files.append('%s.%s.log' % (prefix, t))
          # Create empty files
          for fn in files:
              p = os.path.join(wd, fn)
              with open(p, 'wb') as f:
                  pass
          # Now the checks that only the correct files are offered up for deletion
          for i, prefix in enumerate(prefixes):
              rotator = rotators[i]
              candidates = rotator.getFilesToDelete()
              self.assertEqual(len(candidates), 3)
              if prefix.startswith('a.b'):
                  p = '%s.log.' % prefix
                  for c in candidates:
                      d, fn = os.path.split(c)
                      self.assertTrue(fn.startswith(p))
              else:
                  for c in candidates:
                      d, fn = os.path.split(c)
                      self.assertTrue(fn.endswith('.log'))
                      self.assertTrue(fn.startswith(prefix + '.') and
                                      fn[len(prefix) + 2].isdigit())
  
  
  def secs(**kw):
      return datetime.timedelta(**kw) // datetime.timedelta(seconds=1)
  
  for when, exp in (('S', 1),
                    ('M', 60),
                    ('H', 60 * 60),
                    ('D', 60 * 60 * 24),
                    ('MIDNIGHT', 60 * 60 * 24),
                    # current time (epoch start) is a Thursday, W0 means Monday
                    ('W0', secs(days=4, hours=24)),
                   ):
      def test_compute_rollover(self, when=when, exp=exp):
          rh = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(
              self.fn, encoding="utf-8", when=when, interval=1, backupCount=0, utc=True)
          currentTime = 0.0
          actual = rh.computeRollover(currentTime)
          if exp != actual:
              # Failures occur on some systems for MIDNIGHT and W0.
              # Print detailed calculation for MIDNIGHT so we can try to see
              # what's going on
              if when == 'MIDNIGHT':
                  try:
                      if rh.utc:
                          t = time.gmtime(currentTime)
                      else:
                          t = time.localtime(currentTime)
                      currentHour = t[3]
                      currentMinute = t[4]
                      currentSecond = t[5]
                      # r is the number of seconds left between now and midnight
                      r = logging.handlers._MIDNIGHT - ((currentHour * 60 +
                                                         currentMinute) * 60 +
                              currentSecond)
                      result = currentTime + r
                      print('t: %s (%s)' % (t, rh.utc), file=sys.stderr)
                      print('currentHour: %s' % currentHour, file=sys.stderr)
                      print('currentMinute: %s' % currentMinute, file=sys.stderr)
                      print('currentSecond: %s' % currentSecond, file=sys.stderr)
                      print('r: %s' % r, file=sys.stderr)
                      print('result: %s' % result, file=sys.stderr)
                  except Exception:
                      print('exception in diagnostic code: %s' % sys.exc_info()[1], file=sys.stderr)
          self.assertEqual(exp, actual)
          rh.close()
      setattr(TimedRotatingFileHandlerTest, "test_compute_rollover_%s" % when, test_compute_rollover)
  
  
  @unittest.skipUnless(win32evtlog, 'win32evtlog/win32evtlogutil/pywintypes required for this test.')
  class NTEventLogHandlerTest(BaseTest):
      def test_basic(self):
          logtype = 'Application'
          elh = win32evtlog.OpenEventLog(None, logtype)
          num_recs = win32evtlog.GetNumberOfEventLogRecords(elh)
  
          try:
              h = logging.handlers.NTEventLogHandler('test_logging')
          except pywintypes.error as e:
              if e.winerror == 5:  # access denied
                  raise unittest.SkipTest('Insufficient privileges to run test')
              raise
  
          r = logging.makeLogRecord({'msg': 'Test Log Message'})
          h.handle(r)
          h.close()
          # Now see if the event is recorded
          self.assertLess(num_recs, win32evtlog.GetNumberOfEventLogRecords(elh))
          flags = win32evtlog.EVENTLOG_BACKWARDS_READ | \
                  win32evtlog.EVENTLOG_SEQUENTIAL_READ
          found = False
          GO_BACK = 100
          events = win32evtlog.ReadEventLog(elh, flags, GO_BACK)
          for e in events:
              if e.SourceName != 'test_logging':
                  continue
              msg = win32evtlogutil.SafeFormatMessage(e, logtype)
              if msg != 'Test Log Message\r\n':
                  continue
              found = True
              break
          msg = 'Record not found in event log, went back %d records' % GO_BACK
          self.assertTrue(found, msg=msg)
  
  
  class MiscTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
      def test__all__(self):
          not_exported = {
              'logThreads', 'logMultiprocessing', 'logProcesses', 'currentframe',
              'PercentStyle', 'StrFormatStyle', 'StringTemplateStyle',
              'Filterer', 'PlaceHolder', 'Manager', 'RootLogger', 'root',
              'threading'}
          support.check__all__(self, logging, not_exported=not_exported)
  
  
  # Set the locale to the platform-dependent default.  I have no idea
  # why the test does this, but in any case we save the current locale
  # first and restore it at the end.
  def setUpModule():
      cm = support.run_with_locale('LC_ALL', '')
      cm.__enter__()
      unittest.addModuleCleanup(cm.__exit__, None, None, None)
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
      unittest.main()
  