text: #!/usr/bin/env python3
  # Copyright (c) 2014-2017 The Bitcoin Core developers
  # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
  # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
  """Base class for RPC testing."""
  
  from enum import Enum
  from io import BytesIO
  import logging
  import optparse
  import os
  import pdb
  import shutil
  from struct import pack
  import sys
  import tempfile
  import time
  
  from . import coverage
  from .address import wif_to_privkey
  from .authproxy import JSONRPCException
  from .blocktools import (
      create_block,
      create_coinbase_pos,
      create_transaction_from_outpoint,
      is_zerocoin,
  )
  from .key import CECKey
  from .messages import (
      COIN,
      COutPoint,
      CTransaction,
      CTxIn,
      CTxOut,
      hash256,
  )
  from .script import (
      CScript,
      OP_CHECKSIG,
  )
  from .test_node import TestNode
  from .util import (
      MAX_NODES,
      PortSeed,
      assert_equal,
      assert_greater_than,
      check_json_precision,
      connect_nodes,
      connect_nodes_clique,
      disconnect_nodes,
      DEFAULT_FEE,
      get_datadir_path,
      hex_str_to_bytes,
      bytes_to_hex_str,
      initialize_datadir,
      set_node_times,
      SPORK_ACTIVATION_TIME,
      SPORK_DEACTIVATION_TIME,
      sync_blocks,
      sync_mempools,
      vZC_DENOMS,
  )
  
  class TestStatus(Enum):
      PASSED = 1
      FAILED = 2
      SKIPPED = 3
  
  TEST_EXIT_PASSED = 0
  TEST_EXIT_FAILED = 1
  TEST_EXIT_SKIPPED = 77
  
  TMPDIR_PREFIX = "MANTIScoin_func_test_"
  
  
  class MANTISCoinTestFramework():
      """Base class for a MANTIScoin test script.
  
      Individual MANTIScoin test scripts should subclass this class and override the set_test_params() and run_test() methods.
  
      Individual tests can also override the following methods to customize the test setup:
  
      - add_options()
      - setup_chain()
      - setup_network()
      - setup_nodes()
  
      The __init__() and main() methods should not be overridden.
  
      This class also contains various public and private helper methods."""
  
      def __init__(self):
          """Sets test framework defaults. Do not override this method. Instead, override the set_test_params() method"""
          self.setup_clean_chain = False
          self.nodes = []
          self.mocktime = 0
          self.supports_cli = False
          self.set_test_params()
  
          assert hasattr(self, "num_nodes"), "Test must set self.num_nodes in set_test_params()"
  
      def main(self):
          """Main function. This should not be overridden by the subclass test scripts."""
  
          parser = optparse.OptionParser(usage="%prog [options]")
          parser.add_option("--nocleanup", dest="nocleanup", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help="Leave MANTIScoinds and test.* datadir on exit or error")
          parser.add_option("--noshutdown", dest="noshutdown", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help="Don't stop MANTIScoinds after the test execution")
          parser.add_option("--srcdir", dest="srcdir", default=os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))+"/../../../src"),
                            help="Source directory containing MANTIScoind/MANTIScoin-cli (default: %default)")
          parser.add_option("--cachedir", dest="cachedir", default=os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/../../cache"),
                            help="Directory for caching pregenerated datadirs")
          parser.add_option("--tmpdir", dest="tmpdir", help="Root directory for datadirs")
          parser.add_option("-l", "--loglevel", dest="loglevel", default="INFO",
                            help="log events at this level and higher to the console. Can be set to DEBUG, INFO, WARNING, ERROR or CRITICAL. Passing --loglevel DEBUG will output all logs to console. Note that logs at all levels are always written to the test_framework.log file in the temporary test directory.")
          parser.add_option("--tracerpc", dest="trace_rpc", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help="Print out all RPC calls as they are made")
          parser.add_option("--portseed", dest="port_seed", default=os.getpid(), type='int',
                            help="The seed to use for assigning port numbers (default: current process id)")
          parser.add_option("--coveragedir", dest="coveragedir",
                            help="Write tested RPC commands into this directory")
          parser.add_option("--configfile", dest="configfile",
                            help="Location of the test framework config file")
          parser.add_option('--legacywallet', dest="legacywallet", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help='create pre-HD wallets only')
          parser.add_option("--pdbonfailure", dest="pdbonfailure", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help="Attach a python debugger if test fails")
          parser.add_option("--usecli", dest="usecli", default=False, action="store_true",
                            help="use MANTIScoin-cli instead of RPC for all commands")
          self.add_options(parser)
          (self.options, self.args) = parser.parse_args()
  
          PortSeed.n = self.options.port_seed
  
          os.environ['PATH'] = self.options.srcdir + ":" + self.options.srcdir + "/qt:" + os.environ['PATH']
  
          check_json_precision()
  
          self.options.cachedir = os.path.abspath(self.options.cachedir)
  
          # Set up temp directory and start logging
          if self.options.tmpdir:
              self.options.tmpdir = os.path.abspath(self.options.tmpdir)
              os.makedirs(self.options.tmpdir, exist_ok=False)
          else:
              self.options.tmpdir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=TMPDIR_PREFIX)
          self._start_logging()
  
          success = TestStatus.FAILED
  
          try:
              if self.options.usecli and not self.supports_cli:
                  raise SkipTest("--usecli specified but test does not support using CLI")
              self.setup_chain()
              self.setup_network()
              time.sleep(5)
              self.run_test()
              success = TestStatus.PASSED
          except JSONRPCException as e:
              self.log.exception("JSONRPC error")
          except SkipTest as e:
              self.log.warning("Test Skipped: %s" % e.message)
              success = TestStatus.SKIPPED
          except AssertionError as e:
              self.log.exception("Assertion failed")
          except KeyError as e:
              self.log.exception("Key error")
          except Exception as e:
              self.log.exception("Unexpected exception caught during testing")
          except KeyboardInterrupt as e:
              self.log.warning("Exiting after keyboard interrupt")
  
          if success == TestStatus.FAILED and self.options.pdbonfailure:
              print("Testcase failed. Attaching python debugger. Enter ? for help")
              pdb.set_trace()
  
          if not self.options.noshutdown:
              self.log.info("Stopping nodes")
              if self.nodes:
                  self.stop_nodes()
          else:
              for node in self.nodes:
                  node.cleanup_on_exit = False
              self.log.info("Note: MANTIScoinds were not stopped and may still be running")
  
          if not self.options.nocleanup and not self.options.noshutdown and success != TestStatus.FAILED:
              self.log.info("Cleaning up")
              shutil.rmtree(self.options.tmpdir)
          else:
              self.log.warning("Not cleaning up dir %s" % self.options.tmpdir)
  
          if success == TestStatus.PASSED:
              self.log.info("Tests successful")
              exit_code = TEST_EXIT_PASSED
          elif success == TestStatus.SKIPPED:
              self.log.info("Test skipped")
              exit_code = TEST_EXIT_SKIPPED
          else:
              self.log.error("Test failed. Test logging available at %s/test_framework.log", self.options.tmpdir)
              self.log.error("Hint: Call {} '{}' to consolidate all logs".format(os.path.normpath(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) + "/../combine_logs.py"), self.options.tmpdir))
              exit_code = TEST_EXIT_FAILED
          logging.shutdown()
          sys.exit(exit_code)
  
      # Methods to override in subclass test scripts.
      def set_test_params(self):
          """Tests must this method to change default values for number of nodes, topology, etc"""
          raise NotImplementedError
  
      def add_options(self, parser):
          """Override this method to add command-line options to the test"""
          pass
  
      def setup_chain(self):
          """Override this method to customize blockchain setup"""
          self.log.info("Initializing test directory " + self.options.tmpdir)
          if self.setup_clean_chain:
              self._initialize_chain_clean()
          else:
              self._initialize_chain()
  
      def setup_network(self):
          """Override this method to customize test network topology"""
          self.setup_nodes()
  
          # Connect the nodes as a "chain".  This allows us
          # to split the network between nodes 1 and 2 to get
          # two halves that can work on competing chains.
          #
          # Topology looks like this:
          # node0 <-- node1 <-- node2 <-- node3
          #
          # If all nodes are in IBD (clean chain from genesis), node0 is assumed to be the source of blocks (miner). To
          # ensure block propagation, all nodes will establish outgoing connections toward node0.
          # See fPreferredDownload in net_processing.
          #
          # If further outbound connections are needed, they can be added at the beginning of the test with e.g.
          # connect_nodes(self.nodes[1], 2)
          for i in range(self.num_nodes - 1):
              connect_nodes(self.nodes[i + 1], i)
          self.sync_all()
  
      def setup_nodes(self):
          """Override this method to customize test node setup"""
          extra_args = None
          if hasattr(self, "extra_args"):
              extra_args = self.extra_args
          self.add_nodes(self.num_nodes, extra_args)
          self.start_nodes()
  
      def run_test(self):
          """Tests must override this method to define test logic"""
          raise NotImplementedError
  
      # Public helper methods. These can be accessed by the subclass test scripts.
  
      def add_nodes(self, num_nodes, extra_args=None, rpchost=None, timewait=None, binary=None):
          """Instantiate TestNode objects"""
  
          if extra_args is None:
              extra_args = [[]] * num_nodes
          # Check wallet version
          if self.options.legacywallet:
              for arg in extra_args:
                  arg.append('-legacywallet')
              self.log.info("Running test with legacy (pre-HD) wallet")
          if binary is None:
              binary = [None] * num_nodes
          assert_equal(len(extra_args), num_nodes)
          assert_equal(len(binary), num_nodes)
          for i in range(num_nodes):
              self.nodes.append(TestNode(i, self.options.tmpdir, extra_args[i], rpchost, timewait=timewait, binary=binary[i], stderr=None, mocktime=self.mocktime, coverage_dir=self.options.coveragedir, use_cli=self.options.usecli))
  
      def start_node(self, i, *args, **kwargs):
          """Start a MANTIScoind"""
  
          node = self.nodes[i]
  
          node.start(*args, **kwargs)
          node.wait_for_rpc_connection()
  
          time.sleep(10)
  
          if self.options.coveragedir is not None:
              coverage.write_all_rpc_commands(self.options.coveragedir, node.rpc)
  
      def start_nodes(self, extra_args=None, *args, **kwargs):
          """Start multiple MANTIScoinds"""
  
          if extra_args is None:
              extra_args = [None] * self.num_nodes
          assert_equal(len(extra_args), self.num_nodes)
          try:
              for i, node in enumerate(self.nodes):
                  node.start(extra_args[i], *args, **kwargs)
              for node in self.nodes:
                  node.wait_for_rpc_connection()
          except:
              # If one node failed to start, stop the others
              self.stop_nodes()
              raise
  
          time.sleep(10)
  
          if self.options.coveragedir is not None:
              for node in self.nodes:
                  coverage.write_all_rpc_commands(self.options.coveragedir, node.rpc)
  
      def stop_node(self, i):
          """Stop a MANTIScoind test node"""
          self.nodes[i].stop_node()
          self.nodes[i].wait_until_stopped()
  
      def stop_nodes(self):
          """Stop multiple MANTIScoind test nodes"""
          for node in self.nodes:
              # Issue RPC to stop nodes
              node.stop_node()
  
          for node in self.nodes:
              # Wait for nodes to stop
              time.sleep(5)
              node.wait_until_stopped()
  
      def restart_node(self, i, extra_args=None):
          """Stop and start a test node"""
          self.stop_node(i)
          self.start_node(i, extra_args)
  
      def assert_start_raises_init_error(self, i, extra_args=None, expected_msg=None, *args, **kwargs):
          with tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=2**16) as log_stderr:
              try:
                  self.start_node(i, extra_args, stderr=log_stderr, *args, **kwargs)
                  self.stop_node(i)
              except Exception as e:
                  assert 'MANTIScoind exited' in str(e)  # node must have shutdown
                  self.nodes[i].running = False
                  self.nodes[i].process = None
                  if expected_msg is not None:
                      log_stderr.seek(0)
                      stderr = log_stderr.read().decode('utf-8')
                      if expected_msg not in stderr:
                          raise AssertionError("Expected error \"" + expected_msg + "\" not found in:\n" + stderr)
              else:
                  if expected_msg is None:
                      assert_msg = "MANTIScoind should have exited with an error"
                  else:
                      assert_msg = "MANTIScoind should have exited with expected error " + expected_msg
                  raise AssertionError(assert_msg)
  
      def wait_for_node_exit(self, i, timeout):
          self.nodes[i].process.wait(timeout)
  
      def split_network(self):
          """
          Split the network of four nodes into nodes 0/1 and 2/3.
          """
          disconnect_nodes(self.nodes[1], 2)
          disconnect_nodes(self.nodes[2], 1)
          self.sync_all([self.nodes[:2], self.nodes[2:]])
  
      def join_network(self):
          """
          Join the (previously split) network halves together.
          """
          connect_nodes(self.nodes[1], 2)
          self.sync_all()
  
      def sync_all(self, node_groups=None):
          if not node_groups:
              node_groups = [self.nodes]
  
          for group in node_groups:
              sync_blocks(group)
              sync_mempools(group)
  
      def enable_mocktime(self):
          """Enable mocktime for the script.
  
          mocktime may be needed for scripts that use the cached version of the
          blockchain.  If the cached version of the blockchain is used without
          mocktime then the mempools will not sync due to IBD.
  
          Sets mocktime to Tuesday, October 31, 2017 6:21:20 PM GMT (1572546080)
          """
          self.mocktime = 1572546080
  
      def disable_mocktime(self):
          self.mocktime = 0
  
      # Private helper methods. These should not be accessed by the subclass test scripts.
  
      def _start_logging(self):
          # Add logger and logging handlers
          self.log = logging.getLogger('TestFramework')
          self.log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
          # Create file handler to log all messages
          fh = logging.FileHandler(self.options.tmpdir + '/test_framework.log')
          fh.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
          # Create console handler to log messages to stderr. By default this logs only error messages, but can be configured with --loglevel.
          ch = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
          # User can provide log level as a number or string (eg DEBUG). loglevel was caught as a string, so try to convert it to an int
          ll = int(self.options.loglevel) if self.options.loglevel.isdigit() else self.options.loglevel.upper()
          ch.setLevel(ll)
          # Format logs the same as MANTIScoind's debug.log with microprecision (so log files can be concatenated and sorted)
          formatter = logging.Formatter(fmt='%(asctime)s.%(msecs)03d000 %(name)s (%(levelname)s): %(message)s', datefmt='%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
          formatter.converter = time.gmtime
          fh.setFormatter(formatter)
          ch.setFormatter(formatter)
          # add the handlers to the logger
          self.log.addHandler(fh)
          self.log.addHandler(ch)
  
          if self.options.trace_rpc:
              rpc_logger = logging.getLogger("BitcoinRPC")
              rpc_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
              rpc_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
              rpc_handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
              rpc_logger.addHandler(rpc_handler)
  
      def _initialize_chain(self, toPosPhase=False):
          """Initialize a pre-mined blockchain for use by the test."""
  
          def create_cachedir(cachedir):
              if os.path.isdir(cachedir):
                  shutil.rmtree(cachedir)
              os.makedirs(cachedir)
  
          def copy_cachedir(origin, destination, num_nodes=MAX_NODES):
              for i in range(num_nodes):
                  from_dir = get_datadir_path(origin, i)
                  to_dir = get_datadir_path(destination, i)
                  shutil.copytree(from_dir, to_dir)
                  initialize_datadir(destination, i)  # Overwrite port/rpcport in MANTIScoin.conf
  
          def clone_cache_from_node_1(cachedir, from_num=4):
              """ Clones cache subdir from node 1 to nodes from 'from_num' to MAX_NODES"""
              def copy_and_overwrite(from_path, to_path):
                  if os.path.exists(to_path):
                      shutil.rmtree(to_path)
                  shutil.copytree(from_path, to_path)
              assert from_num < MAX_NODES
              node_0_datadir = os.path.join(get_datadir_path(cachedir, 0), "regtest")
              for i in range(from_num, MAX_NODES):
                  node_i_datadir = os.path.join(get_datadir_path(cachedir, i), "regtest")
                  for subdir in ["blocks", "chainstate", "sporks", "zerocoin"]:
                      copy_and_overwrite(os.path.join(node_0_datadir, subdir),
                                      os.path.join(node_i_datadir, subdir))
                  initialize_datadir(cachedir, i)  # Overwrite port/rpcport in MANTIScoin.conf
  
          def cachedir_valid(cachedir):
              for i in range(MAX_NODES):
                  if not os.path.isdir(get_datadir_path(cachedir, i)):
                      return False
              # nodes directories exist. check if the first one has the .incomplete flagfile
              return (not os.path.exists(os.path.join(get_datadir_path(cachedir, 0), ".incomplete")))
  
          def clean_cache_subdir(cachedir):
              os.remove(os.path.join(get_datadir_path(cachedir, 0), ".incomplete"))
  
              def cache_path(n, *paths):
                  return os.path.join(get_datadir_path(cachedir, n), "regtest", *paths)
  
              for i in range(MAX_NODES):
                  for entry in os.listdir(cache_path(i)):
                      if entry not in ['wallet.dat', 'chainstate', 'blocks', 'sporks', 'zerocoin', 'backups']:
                          os.remove(cache_path(i, entry))
  
          def clean_cache_dir():
              if os.path.isdir(self.options.cachedir):
                  # migrate old cache dir
                  if cachedir_valid(self.options.cachedir):
                      powcachedir = os.path.join(self.options.cachedir, "pow")
                      self.log.info("Found old cachedir. Migrating to %s" % str(powcachedir))
                      copy_cachedir(self.options.cachedir, powcachedir)
                  # remove everything except pow and pos subdirs
                  for entry in os.listdir(self.options.cachedir):
                      if entry not in ['pow', 'pos']:
                          entry_path = os.path.join(self.options.cachedir, entry)
                          if os.path.isfile(entry_path):
                              os.remove(entry_path)
                          elif os.path.isdir(entry_path):
                              shutil.rmtree(entry_path)
              # no cachedir found
              else:
                  os.makedirs(self.options.cachedir)
  
          def start_nodes_from_dir(ddir, num_nodes=MAX_NODES):
              self.log.info("Starting %d nodes..." % num_nodes)
              for i in range(num_nodes):
                  datadir = initialize_datadir(ddir, i)
                  if i == 0:
                      # Add .incomplete flagfile
                      # (removed at the end during clean_cache_subdir)
                      open(os.path.join(datadir, ".incomplete"), 'a').close()
                  args = [os.getenv("BITCOIND", "MANTIScoind"), "-spendzeroconfchange=1", "-server", "-keypool=1",
                          "-datadir=" + datadir, "-discover=0"]
                  self.nodes.append(
                      TestNode(i, ddir, extra_args=[], rpchost=None, timewait=None, binary=None, stderr=None,
                               mocktime=self.mocktime, coverage_dir=None))
                  self.nodes[i].args = args
                  self.start_node(i)
                  self.log.info("Node %d started." % i)
              # Wait for RPC connections to be ready
              self.log.info("Nodes started. Waiting for RPC connections...")
              for node in range(4):
                  self.nodes[node].wait_for_rpc_connection()
              self.log.info("Connecting nodes")
              connect_nodes_clique(self.nodes)
  
          def stop_and_clean_cache_dir(ddir):
              self.stop_nodes()
              self.nodes = []
              # Copy cache for nodes 5 to MAX_NODES
              self.log.info("Copying cache dir to non-started nodes")
              clone_cache_from_node_1(ddir)
              self.log.info("Cleaning up.")
              clean_cache_subdir(ddir)
  
          def generate_pow_cache():
              ### POW Cache ###
              # Create a 200-block-long chain; each of the 4 first nodes
              # gets 25 mature blocks and 25 immature.
              # Note: To preserve compatibility with older versions of
              # initialize_chain, only 4 nodes will generate coins.
              #
              # blocks are created with timestamps 1 minutes apart
              # starting from 331 minutes in the past
  
              # Create cache directories, run MANTIScoinds:
              create_cachedir(powcachedir)
              self.log.info("Creating 'PoW-chain': 200 blocks")
              start_nodes_from_dir(powcachedir, 4)
  
              # Mine the blocks
              self.log.info("Mining 200 blocks")
              self.enable_mocktime()
              block_time = self.mocktime - (331 * 60)
              for i in range(2):
                  for peer in range(4):
                      for j in range(25):
                          set_node_times(self.nodes, block_time)
                          self.nodes[peer].generate(1)
                          block_time += 60
                      # Must sync before next peer starts generating blocks
                      sync_blocks(self.nodes)
  
              # Shut them down, and clean up cache directories:
              self.log.info("Stopping nodes")
              stop_and_clean_cache_dir(powcachedir)
              self.log.info("---> pow cache created")
              self.disable_mocktime()
  
  
          assert self.num_nodes <= MAX_NODES
  
          clean_cache_dir()
          powcachedir = os.path.join(self.options.cachedir, "pow")
          is_powcache_valid = cachedir_valid(powcachedir)
          poscachedir = os.path.join(self.options.cachedir, "pos")
          is_poscache_valid = cachedir_valid(poscachedir)
  
          if not toPosPhase and not is_powcache_valid:
              self.log.info("PoW-CACHE NOT FOUND or INVALID.")
              self.log.info("Creating new cached blockchain data.")
              generate_pow_cache()
  
          elif toPosPhase and not is_poscache_valid:
              self.log.info("PoS-CACHE NOT FOUND or INVALID.")
              self.log.info("Creating new cached blockchain data.")
  
              # check if first 200 blocks (pow cache) is present. if not generate it.
              if not is_powcache_valid:
                  self.log.info("PoW-CACHE NOT FOUND or INVALID. Generating it first.")
                  generate_pow_cache()
  
              self.enable_mocktime()
              block_time = self.mocktime - (131 * 60)
  
              ### POS Cache ###
              # Create a 330-block-long chain
              # First 200 PoW blocks are copied from PoW chain.
              # The next 48 PoW blocks are mined in 12-blocks bursts by the first 4 nodes.
              # The last 2 PoW blocks are then mined by the last node (Node 3).
              # Then 80 PoS blocks are generated in 20-blocks bursts by the first 4 nodes.
              #
              # - Node 0 and node 1 get 62 mature blocks (pow) + 20 immmature (pos)
              #   42 rewards spendable (62 mature blocks - 20 spent rewards)
              # - Node 2 gets 56 mature blocks (pow) + 26 immmature (6 pow + 20 pos)
              #   35 rewards spendable (55 mature blocks - 20 spent rewards)
              # - Node 3 gets 50 mature blocks (pow) + 34 immmature (14 pow + 20 pos)
              #   30 rewards spendable (50 mature blocks - 20 spent rewards)
              # - Nodes 2 and 3 mint one zerocoin for each denom (tot 6666 MNTIS) on block 301/302
              #   8 mature zc + 8/3 rewards spendable (35/30 - 27 spent) + change 83.92
              #
              # Block 331-336 will mature last 6 pow blocks mined by node 2.
              # Then 337-350 will mature last 14 pow blocks mined by node 3.
              # Then staked blocks start maturing at height 351.
  
              # Create cache directories, run MANTIScoinds:
              create_cachedir(poscachedir)
              self.log.info("Creating 'PoS-chain': 330 blocks")
              self.log.info("Copying 200 initial blocks from pow cache")
              copy_cachedir(powcachedir, poscachedir)
              # Change datadir and restart the nodes (only 4 of them)
              start_nodes_from_dir(poscachedir, 4)
  
              # Mine 50 more blocks to reach PoS start.
              self.log.info("Mining 50 more blocks to reach PoS phase")
              for peer in range(4):
                  for j in range(12):
                      set_node_times(self.nodes, block_time)
                      self.nodes[peer].generate(1)
                      block_time += 60
                  # Must sync before next peer starts generating blocks
                  if peer < 3:
                      sync_blocks(self.nodes)
              set_node_times(self.nodes, block_time)
              self.nodes[3].generate(2)
              block_time += 60
              sync_blocks(self.nodes)
  
              # Then stake 80 blocks.
              self.log.info("Staking 80 blocks...")
              nBlocks = 250
              res = []    # used to save the two txids for change outputs of mints (locked)
              for peer in range(4):
                  for j in range(20):
                      # Stake block
                      block_time = self.generate_pos(peer, block_time)
                      nBlocks += 1
                      # Mint zerocoins with node-2 at block 301 and with node-3 at block 302
                      if nBlocks == 301 or nBlocks == 302:
                          # mints 7 zerocoins, one for each denom (tot 6666 MNTIS), fee = 0.01 * 8
                          # consumes 27 utxos (tot 6750 MNTIS), change = 6750 - 6666 - fee
                          res.append(self.nodes[nBlocks-299].mintzerocoin(6666))
                          self.sync_all()
                          # lock the change output (so it's not used as stake input in generate_pos)
                          assert (self.nodes[nBlocks-299].lockunspent(False, [{"txid": res[-1]['txid'], "vout": 8}]))
                  # Must sync before next peer starts generating blocks
                  sync_blocks(self.nodes)
                  time.sleep(1)
  
              self.log.info("80 blocks staked")
  
              # Unlock previously locked change outputs
              for i in [2, 3]:
                  assert (self.nodes[i].lockunspent(True, [{"txid": res[i-2]['txid'], "vout": 8}]))
  
              # Verify height and balances
              self.test_PoS_chain_balances()
  
              # Shut nodes down, and clean up cache directories:
              self.log.info("Stopping nodes")
              stop_and_clean_cache_dir(poscachedir)
              self.log.info("--> pos cache created")
              self.disable_mocktime()
  
          else:
              self.log.info("CACHE FOUND.")
  
          # Copy requested cache to tempdir
          if toPosPhase:
              self.log.info("Copying datadir from %s to %s" % (poscachedir, self.options.tmpdir))
              copy_cachedir(poscachedir, self.options.tmpdir, self.num_nodes)
          else:
              self.log.info("Copying datadir from %s to %s" % (powcachedir, self.options.tmpdir))
              copy_cachedir(powcachedir, self.options.tmpdir, self.num_nodes)
  
  
  
      def _initialize_chain_clean(self):
          """Initialize empty blockchain for use by the test.
  
          Create an empty blockchain and num_nodes wallets.
          Useful if a test case wants complete control over initialization."""
          for i in range(self.num_nodes):
              initialize_datadir(self.options.tmpdir, i)
  
  
      ### MANTISCoin Specific TestFramework ###
      ###################################
      def init_dummy_key(self):
          self.DUMMY_KEY = CECKey()
          self.DUMMY_KEY.set_secretbytes(hash256(pack('<I', 0xffff)))
  
      def test_PoS_chain_balances(self):
          from .util import DecimalAmt
          # 330 blocks
          # - Nodes 0 and 1 get 82 blocks:
          # 62 pow + 20 pos (20 immature)
          # - Nodes 2 gets 82 blocks:
          # 62 pow + 20 pos (26 immature)
          # - Nodes 3 gets 84 blocks:
          # 64 pow + 20 pos (34 immature)
          # - Nodes 2 and 3 have 6666 MNTIS worth of zerocoins
          zc_tot = sum(vZC_DENOMS)
          zc_fee = len(vZC_DENOMS) * 0.01
          used_utxos = (zc_tot // 250) + 1
          zc_change = 250 * used_utxos - zc_tot - zc_fee
  
          # check at least 1 node and at most 5
          num_nodes = min(5, len(self.nodes))
          assert_greater_than(num_nodes, 0)
  
          # each node has the same height and tip
          best_block = self.nodes[0].getbestblockhash()
          for i in range(num_nodes):
              assert_equal(self.nodes[i].getblockcount(), 330)
              if i > 0:
                  assert_equal(self.nodes[i].getbestblockhash(), best_block)
  
          # balance is mature pow blocks rewards minus stake inputs (spent)
          w_info = [self.nodes[i].getwalletinfo() for i in range(num_nodes)]
          assert_equal(w_info[0]["balance"], DecimalAmt(250.0 * (62 - 20)))
          assert_equal(w_info[1]["balance"], DecimalAmt(250.0 * (62 - 20)))
          assert_equal(w_info[2]["balance"], DecimalAmt(250.0 * (56 - 20) - (used_utxos * 250) + zc_change))
          assert_equal(w_info[3]["balance"], DecimalAmt(250.0 * (50 - 20) - (used_utxos * 250) + zc_change))
          for i in range(4, num_nodes):
              # only first 4 nodes have mined/staked
              assert_equal(w_info[i]["balance"], DecimalAmt(0))
  
          # immature balance is immature pow blocks rewards plus
          # immature stakes (outputs=inputs+rewards)
          assert_equal(w_info[0]["immature_balance"], DecimalAmt(500.0 * 20))
          assert_equal(w_info[1]["immature_balance"], DecimalAmt(500.0 * 20))
          assert_equal(w_info[2]["immature_balance"], DecimalAmt((250.0 * 6) + (500.0 * 20)))
          assert_equal(w_info[3]["immature_balance"], DecimalAmt((250.0 * 14) + (500.0 * 20)))
          for i in range(4, num_nodes):
              # only first 4 nodes have mined/staked
              assert_equal(w_info[i]["immature_balance"], DecimalAmt(0))
  
          # check zerocoin balances / mints
          for peer in [2, 3]:
              if num_nodes > peer:
                  zcBalance = self.nodes[peer].getzerocoinbalance()
                  zclist = self.nodes[peer].listmintedzerocoins(True)
                  zclist_spendable = self.nodes[peer].listmintedzerocoins(True, True)
                  assert_equal(len(zclist), len(vZC_DENOMS))
                  assert_equal(zcBalance['Total'], 6666)
                  assert_equal(zcBalance['Immature'], 0)
                  if peer == 2:
                      assert_equal(len(zclist), len(zclist_spendable))
                  assert_equal(set([x['denomination'] for x in zclist]), set(vZC_DENOMS))
                  assert_equal([x['confirmations'] for x in zclist], [30-peer] * len(vZC_DENOMS))
  
          self.log.info("Balances of first %d nodes check out" % num_nodes)
  
  
      def get_prevouts(self, node_id, utxo_list, zpos=False, nHeight=-1):
          """ get prevouts (map) for each utxo in a list
          :param   node_id:                   (int) index of the CTestNode used as rpc connection. Must own the utxos.
                   utxo_list: <if zpos=False> (JSON list) utxos returned from listunspent used as input
                              <if zpos=True>  (JSON list) mints returned from listmintedzerocoins used as input
                   zpos:                      (bool) type of utxo_list
                   nHeight:                   (int) height of the previous block. used only if zpos=True for
                                              stake checksum. Optional, if not provided rpc_conn's height is used.
          :return: prevouts:         ({bytes --> (int, bytes, int)} dictionary)
                                     maps CStake "uniqueness" (i.e. serialized COutPoint -or hash stake, for zmntis-)
                                     to (amount, prevScript, timeBlockFrom).
                                     For zmntis prevScript is replaced with serialHash hex string.
          """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          prevouts = {}
  
          for utxo in utxo_list:
              if not zpos:
                  outPoint = COutPoint(int(utxo['txid'], 16), utxo['vout'])
                  outValue = int(utxo['amount']) * COIN
                  prevtx_json = rpc_conn.getrawtransaction(utxo['txid'], 1)
                  prevTx = CTransaction()
                  prevTx.deserialize(BytesIO(hex_str_to_bytes(prevtx_json['hex'])))
                  if (prevTx.is_coinbase() or prevTx.is_coinstake()) and utxo['confirmations'] < 100:
                      # skip immature coins
                      continue
                  prevScript = prevtx_json['vout'][utxo['vout']]['scriptPubKey']['hex']
                  prevTime = prevtx_json['blocktime']
                  prevouts[outPoint.serialize_uniqueness()] = (outValue, prevScript, prevTime)
  
              else:
                  uniqueness = bytes.fromhex(utxo['hash stake'])[::-1]
                  prevouts[uniqueness] = (int(utxo["denomination"]) * COIN, utxo["serial hash"], 0)
  
          return prevouts
  
  
      def make_txes(self, node_id, spendingPrevOuts, to_pubKey):
          """ makes a list of CTransactions each spending an input from spending PrevOuts to an output to_pubKey
          :param   node_id:            (int) index of the CTestNode used as rpc connection. Must own spendingPrevOuts.
                   spendingPrevouts:   ({bytes --> (int, bytes, int)} dictionary)
                                       maps CStake "uniqueness" (i.e. serialized COutPoint -or hash stake, for zmntis-)
                                       to (amount, prevScript, timeBlockFrom).
                                       For zmntis prevScript is replaced with serialHash hex string.
                   to_pubKey           (bytes) recipient public key
          :return: block_txes:         ([CTransaction] list)
          """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          block_txes = []
          for uniqueness in spendingPrevOuts:
              if is_zerocoin(uniqueness):
                  # spend zMNTIS
                  _, serialHash, _ = spendingPrevOuts[uniqueness]
                  raw_spend = rpc_conn.createrawzerocoinspend(serialHash, "", False)
              else:
                  # spend MNTIS
                  value_out = int(spendingPrevOuts[uniqueness][0] - DEFAULT_FEE * COIN)
                  scriptPubKey = CScript([to_pubKey, OP_CHECKSIG])
                  prevout = COutPoint()
                  prevout.deserialize_uniqueness(BytesIO(uniqueness))
                  tx = create_transaction_from_outpoint(prevout, b"", value_out, scriptPubKey)
                  # sign tx
                  raw_spend = rpc_conn.signrawtransaction(bytes_to_hex_str(tx.serialize()))['hex']
              # add signed tx to the list
              signed_tx = CTransaction()
              signed_tx.from_hex(raw_spend)
              block_txes.append(signed_tx)
  
          return block_txes
  
      def stake_block(self, node_id,
              nHeight,
              prevHhash,
              prevModifier,
              stakeableUtxos,
              startTime=None,
              privKeyWIF=None,
              vtx=[],
              fDoubleSpend=False):
          """ manually stakes a block selecting the coinstake input from a list of candidates
          :param   node_id:           (int) index of the CTestNode used as rpc connection. Must own stakeableUtxos.
                   nHeight:           (int) height of the block being produced
                   prevHash:          (string) hex string of the previous block hash
                   prevModifier       (string) hex string of the previous block stake modifier
                   stakeableUtxos:    ({bytes --> (int, bytes, int)} dictionary)
                                      maps CStake "uniqueness" (i.e. serialized COutPoint -or hash stake, for zmntis-)
                                      to (amount, prevScript, timeBlockFrom).
                                      For zmntis prevScript is replaced with serialHash hex string.
                   startTime:         (int) epoch time to be used as blocktime (iterated in solve_stake)
                   privKeyWIF:        (string) private key to be used for staking/signing
                                      If empty string, it will be used the pk from the stake input
                                      (dumping the sk from rpc_conn). If None, then the DUMMY_KEY will be used.
                   vtx:               ([CTransaction] list) transactions to add to block.vtx
                   fDoubleSpend:      (bool) wether any tx in vtx is allowed to spend the coinstake input
          :return: block:             (CBlock) block produced, must be manually relayed
          """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          if not len(stakeableUtxos) > 0:
              raise Exception("Need at least one stakeable utxo to stake a block!")
          # Get start time to stake
          if startTime is None:
              startTime = time.time()
          # Create empty block with coinbase
          nTime = int(startTime) & 0xfffffff0
          coinbaseTx = create_coinbase_pos(nHeight)
          block = create_block(int(prevHhash, 16), coinbaseTx, nTime)
  
          # Find valid kernel hash - iterates stakeableUtxos, then block.nTime
          block.solve_stake(stakeableUtxos, int(prevModifier, 16))
  
          # Check if this is a zPoS block or regular/cold stake - sign stake tx
          block_sig_key = CECKey()
          isZPoS = is_zerocoin(block.prevoutStake)
          if isZPoS:
              # !TODO: remove me
              raise Exception("zPOS tests discontinued")
  
          else:
              coinstakeTx_unsigned = CTransaction()
              prevout = COutPoint()
              prevout.deserialize_uniqueness(BytesIO(block.prevoutStake))
              coinstakeTx_unsigned.vin.append(CTxIn(prevout, b"", 0xffffffff))
              coinstakeTx_unsigned.vout.append(CTxOut())
              amount, prevScript, _ = stakeableUtxos[block.prevoutStake]
              outNValue = int(amount + 250 * COIN)
              coinstakeTx_unsigned.vout.append(CTxOut(outNValue, hex_str_to_bytes(prevScript)))
              if privKeyWIF == "":
                  # Use dummy key
                  if not hasattr(self, 'DUMMY_KEY'):
                      self.init_dummy_key()
                  block_sig_key = self.DUMMY_KEY
                  # replace coinstake output script
                  coinstakeTx_unsigned.vout[1].scriptPubKey = CScript([block_sig_key.get_pubkey(), OP_CHECKSIG])
              else:
                  if privKeyWIF == None:
                      # Use pk of the input. Ask sk from rpc_conn
                      rawtx = rpc_conn.getrawtransaction('{:064x}'.format(prevout.hash), True)
                      privKeyWIF = rpc_conn.dumpprivkey(rawtx["vout"][prevout.n]["scriptPubKey"]["addresses"][0])
                  # Use the provided privKeyWIF (cold staking).
                  # export the corresponding private key to sign block
                  privKey, compressed = wif_to_privkey(privKeyWIF)
                  block_sig_key.set_compressed(compressed)
                  block_sig_key.set_secretbytes(bytes.fromhex(privKey))
  
              # Sign coinstake TX and add it to the block
              stake_tx_signed_raw_hex = rpc_conn.signrawtransaction(
                  bytes_to_hex_str(coinstakeTx_unsigned.serialize()))['hex']
  
          # Add coinstake to the block
          coinstakeTx = CTransaction()
          coinstakeTx.from_hex(stake_tx_signed_raw_hex)
          block.vtx.append(coinstakeTx)
  
          # Add provided transactions to the block.
          # Don't add tx doublespending the coinstake input, unless fDoubleSpend=True
          for tx in vtx:
              if not fDoubleSpend:
                  # assume txes don't double spend zMNTIS inputs when fDoubleSpend is false. It needs to
                  # be checked outside until a convenient tx.spends(zerocoin) is added to the framework.
                  if not isZPoS and tx.spends(prevout):
                      continue
              block.vtx.append(tx)
  
          # Get correct MerkleRoot and rehash block
          block.hashMerkleRoot = block.calc_merkle_root()
          block.rehash()
  
          # sign block with block signing key and return it
          block.sign_block(block_sig_key)
          return block
  
  
      def stake_next_block(self, node_id,
              stakeableUtxos,
              btime=None,
              privKeyWIF=None,
              vtx=[],
              fDoubleSpend=False):
          """ Calls stake_block appending to the current tip"""
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          nHeight = self.nodes[node_id].getblockcount()
          prevHhash = self.nodes[node_id].getblockhash(nHeight)
          prevModifier = self.nodes[node_id].getblock(prevHhash)['stakeModifier']
          return self.stake_block(node_id,
                                  nHeight+1,
                                  prevHhash,
                                  prevModifier,
                                  stakeableUtxos,
                                  btime,
                                  privKeyWIF,
                                  vtx,
                                  fDoubleSpend)
  
  
      def check_tx_in_chain(self, node_id, txid):
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rawTx = self.nodes[node_id].getrawtransaction(txid, 1)
          assert_greater_than(rawTx["confirmations"], 0)
  
  
      def spend_inputs(self, node_id, inputs, outputs):
          """ auxiliary function used by spend_utxo / spend_utxos """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          spendingTx = rpc_conn.createrawtransaction(inputs, outputs)
          spendingTx_signed = rpc_conn.signrawtransaction(spendingTx)
          if spendingTx_signed["complete"]:
              txhash = rpc_conn.sendrawtransaction(spendingTx_signed["hex"])
              return txhash
          else:
              return ""
  
  
      def spend_utxo(self, node_id, utxo, recipient=''):
          """ spend amount from previously unspent output to a provided address
          :param    node_id:    (int) index of the CTestNode used as rpc connection. Must own the utxo.
                    utxo:       (JSON) returned from listunspent used as input
                    recipient:  (string) destination address (new one if not provided)
          :return:  txhash:     (string) tx hash if successful, empty string otherwise
          """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          inputs = [{"txid": utxo["txid"], "vout": utxo["vout"]}]
          out_amount = float(utxo["amount"]) - DEFAULT_FEE
          outputs = {}
          if recipient == '':
              recipient = rpc_conn.getnewaddress()
          outputs[recipient] = out_amount
          return self.spend_inputs(node_id, inputs, outputs)
  
  
      def spend_utxos(self, node_id, utxo_list, recipient='', fMultiple=False):
          """ spend utxos to provided list of addresses or 10 new generate ones.
          :param    node_id:     (int) index of the CTestNode used as rpc connection. Must own the utxo.
                    utxo_list:   (JSON list) returned from listunspent used as input
                    recipient:   (string, optional) destination address (new one if not provided)
                    fMultiple:   (boolean, optional, default=false) spend each utxo on a different tx
          :return:  txHashes:    (string list) list of hashes of completed txs
          """
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          txHashes = []
  
          # If no recipient is given, create a new one
          if recipient == '':
              recipient = rpc_conn.getnewaddress()
  
          # If fMultiple=True send one tx for each utxo
          if fMultiple:
              for utxo in utxo_list:
                  txHash = self.spend_utxo(node_id, utxo, recipient)
                  if txHash != "":
                      txHashes.append(txHash)
  
          # Otherwise make a single tx with all the inputs
          else:
              inputs = [{"txid": x["txid"], "vout": x["vout"]} for x in utxo_list]
              out_amount = sum([float(x["amount"]) for x in utxo_list]) - DEFAULT_FEE
              outputs = {}
              if recipient == '':
                  recipient = rpc_conn.getnewaddress()
              outputs[recipient] = out_amount
              txHash = self.spend_inputs(node_id, inputs, outputs)
              if txHash != "":
                  txHashes.append(txHash)
  
          return txHashes
  
  
      def generate_pos(self, node_id, btime=None):
          """ stakes a block using generate on nodes[node_id]"""
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          rpc_conn = self.nodes[node_id]
          ss = rpc_conn.getstakingstatus()
          assert ss["walletunlocked"]
          assert ss["stakeablecoins"] > 0
          assert ss["stakingbalance"] > 0.0
          if btime is not None:
              next_btime = btime + 60
          fStaked = False
          failures = 0
          while not fStaked:
              try:
                  rpc_conn.generate(1)
                  fStaked = True
              except JSONRPCException as e:
                  if ("Couldn't create new block" in str(e)):
                      failures += 1
                      # couldn't generate block. check that this node can still stake (after 60 failures)
                      if failures > 60:
                          ss = rpc_conn.getstakingstatus()
                          if not (ss["walletunlocked"] and ss["stakeablecoins"] > 0 and ss["stakingbalance"] > 0.0):
                              raise AssertionError("Node %d unable to stake!" % node_id)
                      # try to stake one sec in the future
                      if btime is not None:
                          btime += 1
                          set_node_times(self.nodes, btime)
                      else:
                          time.sleep(1)
                  else:
                      raise e
          # block generated. adjust block time
          if btime is not None:
              btime = max(btime + 1, next_btime)
              set_node_times(self.nodes, btime)
              return btime
          else:
              return None
  
  
      def generate_pow(self, node_id, btime=None):
          """ stakes a block using generate on nodes[node_id]"""
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          self.nodes[node_id].generate(1)
          if btime is not None:
              btime += 60
              set_node_times(self.nodes, btime)
          return btime
  
  
      def set_spork(self, node_id, sporkName, value):
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          return self.nodes[node_id].spork(sporkName, value)
  
  
      def get_spork(self, node_id, sporkName):
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          return self.nodes[node_id].spork("show")[sporkName]
  
  
      def activate_spork(self, node_id, sporkName):
          return self.set_spork(node_id, sporkName, SPORK_ACTIVATION_TIME)
  
  
      def deactivate_spork(self, node_id, sporkName):
          return self.set_spork(node_id, sporkName, SPORK_DEACTIVATION_TIME)
  
  
      def is_spork_active(self, node_id, sporkName):
          assert_greater_than(len(self.nodes), node_id)
          return self.nodes[node_id].spork("active")[sporkName]
  
  
  
  ### ------------------------------------------------------
  
  class ComparisonTestFramework(MANTISCoinTestFramework):
      """Test framework for doing p2p comparison testing
  
      Sets up some MANTIScoind binaries:
      - 1 binary: test binary
      - 2 binaries: 1 test binary, 1 ref binary
      - n>2 binaries: 1 test binary, n-1 ref binaries"""
  
      def set_test_params(self):
          self.num_nodes = 2
          self.setup_clean_chain = True
  
      def add_options(self, parser):
          parser.add_option("--testbinary", dest="testbinary",
                            default=os.getenv("BITCOIND", "MANTIScoind"),
                            help="MANTIScoind binary to test")
          parser.add_option("--refbinary", dest="refbinary",
                            default=os.getenv("BITCOIND", "MANTIScoind"),
                            help="MANTIScoind binary to use for reference nodes (if any)")
  
      def setup_network(self):
          extra_args = [['-whitelist=127.0.0.1']] * self.num_nodes
          if hasattr(self, "extra_args"):
              extra_args = self.extra_args
          self.add_nodes(self.num_nodes, extra_args,
                         binary=[self.options.testbinary] +
                         [self.options.refbinary] * (self.num_nodes - 1))
          self.start_nodes()
  
  class SkipTest(Exception):
      """This exception is raised to skip a test"""
      def __init__(self, message):
          self.message = message
  