text: const firstName ="William";
  const lastName="Johnson";
  const age= 48;
  
  const str ="Hello there Im a dev";
  const tags="web-design, development,programing,sports ";
  
  let val;
  
  val=firstName+lastName;
  val=firstName+ ' '+lastName; //create the space between
  val='Hello, my name is '+firstName +'. And Im '+age+' years old.'
  
  //append - adding on to variable with out completely replacing it
  
  val ="Ruqayya";
  val+=" Jabeen";
  
  //escaping 
  val='that\'s awesome, I can\'t wait';
  
  //length property
  val= firstName.length;
  
  //concat( ) method
  val = firstName.concat(' ', lastName);
  
  // change cases
  val = firstName .toUpperCase();
  val=firstName.toLowerCase();
  
  //treating  strings like read-only arrays
  // finding specific characters/values using the index
  
  val= firstName[5];
  
  //index of method - to find the index of value 
  
  val= firstName.indexOf('l');
  val =firstName.lastIndexOf('l');
  
  //charAt() - the opposite of index
  
  val= firstName.charAt('2');
  val=firstName.charAt(firstName.length-1);
  
  //substring() -pulling a substring from a string
  val=firstName.substring(0,4);
  
  //slice() - mostly used with arrays to pull things out of them, but we can also use with the strings
  
  val = firstName.slice(0,4);
  val=firstName.slice(-3);
  
  //split() - splits a string in to an array based on a seperator
  
  val = str.split(' ');
  val = tags.split(',');
  
  //replace()-  
  val = str.replace('dev', 'developer');
  // includes()- gives a true or false values based on if something's in the string
  
  val = str.includes('Hello');
  val = str.includes('foo');
  //output
  
  console.log(val);