text: # Python test set -- part 6, built-in types
  
  from test.support import run_with_locale, cpython_only
  import collections.abc
  from collections import namedtuple
  import gc
  import inspect
  import pickle
  import locale
  import sys
  import types
  import unittest.mock
  import weakref
  import typing
  
  class Example:
      pass
  
  class Forward: ...
  
  def clear_typing_caches():
      for f in typing._cleanups:
          f()
  
  
  class TypesTests(unittest.TestCase):
  
      def test_truth_values(self):
          if None: self.fail('None is true instead of false')
          if 0: self.fail('0 is true instead of false')
          if 0.0: self.fail('0.0 is true instead of false')
          if '': self.fail('\'\' is true instead of false')
          if not 1: self.fail('1 is false instead of true')
          if not 1.0: self.fail('1.0 is false instead of true')
          if not 'x': self.fail('\'x\' is false instead of true')
          if not {'x': 1}: self.fail('{\'x\': 1} is false instead of true')
          def f(): pass
          class C: pass
          x = C()
          if not f: self.fail('f is false instead of true')
          if not C: self.fail('C is false instead of true')
          if not sys: self.fail('sys is false instead of true')
          if not x: self.fail('x is false instead of true')
  
      def test_boolean_ops(self):
          if 0 or 0: self.fail('0 or 0 is true instead of false')
          if 1 and 1: pass
          else: self.fail('1 and 1 is false instead of true')
          if not 1: self.fail('not 1 is true instead of false')
  
      def test_comparisons(self):
          if 0 < 1 <= 1 == 1 >= 1 > 0 != 1: pass
          else: self.fail('int comparisons failed')
          if 0.0 < 1.0 <= 1.0 == 1.0 >= 1.0 > 0.0 != 1.0: pass
          else: self.fail('float comparisons failed')
          if '' < 'a' <= 'a' == 'a' < 'abc' < 'abd' < 'b': pass
          else: self.fail('string comparisons failed')
          if None is None: pass
          else: self.fail('identity test failed')
  
      def test_float_constructor(self):
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '5\0')
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, float, '5_5\0')
  
      def test_zero_division(self):
          try: 5.0 / 0.0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5.0 / 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
          try: 5.0 // 0.0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5.0 // 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
          try: 5.0 % 0.0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5.0 % 0.0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
          try: 5 / 0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5 / 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
          try: 5 // 0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5 // 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
          try: 5 % 0
          except ZeroDivisionError: pass
          else: self.fail("5 % 0 didn't raise ZeroDivisionError")
  
      def test_numeric_types(self):
          if 0 != 0.0 or 1 != 1.0 or -1 != -1.0:
              self.fail('int/float value not equal')
          # calling built-in types without argument must return 0
          if int() != 0: self.fail('int() does not return 0')
          if float() != 0.0: self.fail('float() does not return 0.0')
          if int(1.9) == 1 == int(1.1) and int(-1.1) == -1 == int(-1.9): pass
          else: self.fail('int() does not round properly')
          if float(1) == 1.0 and float(-1) == -1.0 and float(0) == 0.0: pass
          else: self.fail('float() does not work properly')
  
      def test_float_to_string(self):
          def test(f, result):
              self.assertEqual(f.__format__('e'), result)
              self.assertEqual('%e' % f, result)
  
          # test all 2 digit exponents, both with __format__ and with
          #  '%' formatting
          for i in range(-99, 100):
              test(float('1.5e'+str(i)), '1.500000e{0:+03d}'.format(i))
  
          # test some 3 digit exponents
          self.assertEqual(1.5e100.__format__('e'), '1.500000e+100')
          self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e100, '1.500000e+100')
  
          self.assertEqual(1.5e101.__format__('e'), '1.500000e+101')
          self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e101, '1.500000e+101')
  
          self.assertEqual(1.5e-100.__format__('e'), '1.500000e-100')
          self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e-100, '1.500000e-100')
  
          self.assertEqual(1.5e-101.__format__('e'), '1.500000e-101')
          self.assertEqual('%e' % 1.5e-101, '1.500000e-101')
  
          self.assertEqual('%g' % 1.0, '1')
          self.assertEqual('%#g' % 1.0, '1.00000')
  
      def test_normal_integers(self):
          # Ensure the first 256 integers are shared
          a = 256
          b = 128*2
          if a is not b: self.fail('256 is not shared')
          if 12 + 24 != 36: self.fail('int op')
          if 12 + (-24) != -12: self.fail('int op')
          if (-12) + 24 != 12: self.fail('int op')
          if (-12) + (-24) != -36: self.fail('int op')
          if not 12 < 24: self.fail('int op')
          if not -24 < -12: self.fail('int op')
          # Test for a particular bug in integer multiply
          xsize, ysize, zsize = 238, 356, 4
          if not (xsize*ysize*zsize == zsize*xsize*ysize == 338912):
              self.fail('int mul commutativity')
          # And another.
          m = -sys.maxsize - 1
          for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
              j = m // divisor
              prod = divisor * j
              if prod != m:
                  self.fail("%r * %r == %r != %r" % (divisor, j, prod, m))
              if type(prod) is not int:
                  self.fail("expected type(prod) to be int, not %r" %
                                     type(prod))
          # Check for unified integral type
          for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
              j = m // divisor - 1
              prod = divisor * j
              if type(prod) is not int:
                  self.fail("expected type(%r) to be int, not %r" %
                                     (prod, type(prod)))
          # Check for unified integral type
          m = sys.maxsize
          for divisor in 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32:
              j = m // divisor + 1
              prod = divisor * j
              if type(prod) is not int:
                  self.fail("expected type(%r) to be int, not %r" %
                                     (prod, type(prod)))
  
          x = sys.maxsize
          self.assertIsInstance(x + 1, int,
                                "(sys.maxsize + 1) should have returned int")
          self.assertIsInstance(-x - 1, int,
                                "(-sys.maxsize - 1) should have returned int")
          self.assertIsInstance(-x - 2, int,
                                "(-sys.maxsize - 2) should have returned int")
  
          try: 5 << -5
          except ValueError: pass
          else: self.fail('int negative shift <<')
  
          try: 5 >> -5
          except ValueError: pass
          else: self.fail('int negative shift >>')
  
      def test_floats(self):
          if 12.0 + 24.0 != 36.0: self.fail('float op')
          if 12.0 + (-24.0) != -12.0: self.fail('float op')
          if (-12.0) + 24.0 != 12.0: self.fail('float op')
          if (-12.0) + (-24.0) != -36.0: self.fail('float op')
          if not 12.0 < 24.0: self.fail('float op')
          if not -24.0 < -12.0: self.fail('float op')
  
      def test_strings(self):
          if len('') != 0: self.fail('len(\'\')')
          if len('a') != 1: self.fail('len(\'a\')')
          if len('abcdef') != 6: self.fail('len(\'abcdef\')')
          if 'xyz' + 'abcde' != 'xyzabcde': self.fail('string concatenation')
          if 'xyz'*3 != 'xyzxyzxyz': self.fail('string repetition *3')
          if 0*'abcde' != '': self.fail('string repetition 0*')
          if min('abc') != 'a' or max('abc') != 'c': self.fail('min/max string')
          if 'a' in 'abc' and 'b' in 'abc' and 'c' in 'abc' and 'd' not in 'abc': pass
          else: self.fail('in/not in string')
          x = 'x'*103
          if '%s!'%x != x+'!': self.fail('nasty string formatting bug')
  
          #extended slices for strings
          a = '0123456789'
          self.assertEqual(a[::], a)
          self.assertEqual(a[::2], '02468')
          self.assertEqual(a[1::2], '13579')
          self.assertEqual(a[::-1],'9876543210')
          self.assertEqual(a[::-2], '97531')
          self.assertEqual(a[3::-2], '31')
          self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:], a)
          self.assertEqual(a[100:-100:-1], a[::-1])
          self.assertEqual(a[-100:100:2], '02468')
  
      def test_type_function(self):
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 1, 2)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 1, 2, 3, 4)
  
      def test_int__format__(self):
          def test(i, format_spec, result):
              # just make sure we have the unified type for integers
              assert type(i) == int
              assert type(format_spec) == str
              self.assertEqual(i.__format__(format_spec), result)
  
          test(123456789, 'd', '123456789')
          test(123456789, 'd', '123456789')
  
          test(1, 'c', '\01')
  
          # sign and aligning are interdependent
          test(1, "-", '1')
          test(-1, "-", '-1')
          test(1, "-3", '  1')
          test(-1, "-3", ' -1')
          test(1, "+3", ' +1')
          test(-1, "+3", ' -1')
          test(1, " 3", '  1')
          test(-1, " 3", ' -1')
          test(1, " ", ' 1')
          test(-1, " ", '-1')
  
          # hex
          test(3, "x", "3")
          test(3, "X", "3")
          test(1234, "x", "4d2")
          test(-1234, "x", "-4d2")
          test(1234, "8x", "     4d2")
          test(-1234, "8x", "    -4d2")
          test(1234, "x", "4d2")
          test(-1234, "x", "-4d2")
          test(-3, "x", "-3")
          test(-3, "X", "-3")
          test(int('be', 16), "x", "be")
          test(int('be', 16), "X", "BE")
          test(-int('be', 16), "x", "-be")
          test(-int('be', 16), "X", "-BE")
  
          # octal
          test(3, "o", "3")
          test(-3, "o", "-3")
          test(65, "o", "101")
          test(-65, "o", "-101")
          test(1234, "o", "2322")
          test(-1234, "o", "-2322")
          test(1234, "-o", "2322")
          test(-1234, "-o", "-2322")
          test(1234, " o", " 2322")
          test(-1234, " o", "-2322")
          test(1234, "+o", "+2322")
          test(-1234, "+o", "-2322")
  
          # binary
          test(3, "b", "11")
          test(-3, "b", "-11")
          test(1234, "b", "10011010010")
          test(-1234, "b", "-10011010010")
          test(1234, "-b", "10011010010")
          test(-1234, "-b", "-10011010010")
          test(1234, " b", " 10011010010")
          test(-1234, " b", "-10011010010")
          test(1234, "+b", "+10011010010")
          test(-1234, "+b", "-10011010010")
  
          # alternate (#) formatting
          test(0, "#b", '0b0')
          test(0, "-#b", '0b0')
          test(1, "-#b", '0b1')
          test(-1, "-#b", '-0b1')
          test(-1, "-#5b", ' -0b1')
          test(1, "+#5b", ' +0b1')
          test(100, "+#b", '+0b1100100')
          test(100, "#012b", '0b0001100100')
          test(-100, "#012b", '-0b001100100')
  
          test(0, "#o", '0o0')
          test(0, "-#o", '0o0')
          test(1, "-#o", '0o1')
          test(-1, "-#o", '-0o1')
          test(-1, "-#5o", ' -0o1')
          test(1, "+#5o", ' +0o1')
          test(100, "+#o", '+0o144')
          test(100, "#012o", '0o0000000144')
          test(-100, "#012o", '-0o000000144')
  
          test(0, "#x", '0x0')
          test(0, "-#x", '0x0')
          test(1, "-#x", '0x1')
          test(-1, "-#x", '-0x1')
          test(-1, "-#5x", ' -0x1')
          test(1, "+#5x", ' +0x1')
          test(100, "+#x", '+0x64')
          test(100, "#012x", '0x0000000064')
          test(-100, "#012x", '-0x000000064')
          test(123456, "#012x", '0x000001e240')
          test(-123456, "#012x", '-0x00001e240')
  
          test(0, "#X", '0X0')
          test(0, "-#X", '0X0')
          test(1, "-#X", '0X1')
          test(-1, "-#X", '-0X1')
          test(-1, "-#5X", ' -0X1')
          test(1, "+#5X", ' +0X1')
          test(100, "+#X", '+0X64')
          test(100, "#012X", '0X0000000064')
          test(-100, "#012X", '-0X000000064')
          test(123456, "#012X", '0X000001E240')
          test(-123456, "#012X", '-0X00001E240')
  
          test(123, ',', '123')
          test(-123, ',', '-123')
          test(1234, ',', '1,234')
          test(-1234, ',', '-1,234')
          test(123456, ',', '123,456')
          test(-123456, ',', '-123,456')
          test(1234567, ',', '1,234,567')
          test(-1234567, ',', '-1,234,567')
  
          # issue 5782, commas with no specifier type
          test(1234, '010,', '00,001,234')
  
          # Unified type for integers
          test(10**100, 'd', '1' + '0' * 100)
          test(10**100+100, 'd', '1' + '0' * 97 + '100')
  
          # make sure these are errors
  
          # precision disallowed
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "1.3")
          # sign not allowed with 'c'
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "+c")
          # format spec must be string
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3 .__format__, None)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3 .__format__, 0)
          # can't have ',' with 'n'
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, ",n")
          # can't have ',' with 'c'
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, ",c")
          # can't have '#' with 'c'
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, 3 .__format__, "#c")
  
          # ensure that only int and float type specifiers work
          for format_spec in ([chr(x) for x in range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1)] +
                              [chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'), ord('Z')+1)]):
              if not format_spec in 'bcdoxXeEfFgGn%':
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, 0 .__format__, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, 1 .__format__, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, (-1) .__format__, format_spec)
  
          # ensure that float type specifiers work; format converts
          #  the int to a float
          for format_spec in 'eEfFgG%':
              for value in [0, 1, -1, 100, -100, 1234567890, -1234567890]:
                  self.assertEqual(value.__format__(format_spec),
                                   float(value).__format__(format_spec))
  
          # Issue 6902
          test(123456, "0<20", '12345600000000000000')
          test(123456, "1<20", '12345611111111111111')
          test(123456, "*<20", '123456**************')
          test(123456, "0>20", '00000000000000123456')
          test(123456, "1>20", '11111111111111123456')
          test(123456, "*>20", '**************123456')
          test(123456, "0=20", '00000000000000123456')
          test(123456, "1=20", '11111111111111123456')
          test(123456, "*=20", '**************123456')
  
      @run_with_locale('LC_NUMERIC', 'en_US.UTF8')
      def test_float__format__locale(self):
          # test locale support for __format__ code 'n'
  
          for i in range(-10, 10):
              x = 1234567890.0 * (10.0 ** i)
              self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%g', x, grouping=True), format(x, 'n'))
              self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%.10g', x, grouping=True), format(x, '.10n'))
  
      @run_with_locale('LC_NUMERIC', 'en_US.UTF8')
      def test_int__format__locale(self):
          # test locale support for __format__ code 'n' for integers
  
          x = 123456789012345678901234567890
          for i in range(0, 30):
              self.assertEqual(locale.format_string('%d', x, grouping=True), format(x, 'n'))
  
              # move to the next integer to test
              x = x // 10
  
          rfmt = ">20n"
          lfmt = "<20n"
          cfmt = "^20n"
          for x in (1234, 12345, 123456, 1234567, 12345678, 123456789, 1234567890, 12345678900):
              self.assertEqual(len(format(0, rfmt)), len(format(x, rfmt)))
              self.assertEqual(len(format(0, lfmt)), len(format(x, lfmt)))
              self.assertEqual(len(format(0, cfmt)), len(format(x, cfmt)))
  
      def test_float__format__(self):
          def test(f, format_spec, result):
              self.assertEqual(f.__format__(format_spec), result)
              self.assertEqual(format(f, format_spec), result)
  
          test(0.0, 'f', '0.000000')
  
          # the default is 'g', except for empty format spec
          test(0.0, '', '0.0')
          test(0.01, '', '0.01')
          test(0.01, 'g', '0.01')
  
          # test for issue 3411
          test(1.23, '1', '1.23')
          test(-1.23, '1', '-1.23')
          test(1.23, '1g', '1.23')
          test(-1.23, '1g', '-1.23')
  
          test( 1.0, ' g', ' 1')
          test(-1.0, ' g', '-1')
          test( 1.0, '+g', '+1')
          test(-1.0, '+g', '-1')
          test(1.1234e200, 'g', '1.1234e+200')
          test(1.1234e200, 'G', '1.1234E+200')
  
  
          test(1.0, 'f', '1.000000')
  
          test(-1.0, 'f', '-1.000000')
  
          test( 1.0, ' f', ' 1.000000')
          test(-1.0, ' f', '-1.000000')
          test( 1.0, '+f', '+1.000000')
          test(-1.0, '+f', '-1.000000')
  
          # Python versions <= 3.0 switched from 'f' to 'g' formatting for
          # values larger than 1e50.  No longer.
          f = 1.1234e90
          for fmt in 'f', 'F':
              # don't do a direct equality check, since on some
              # platforms only the first few digits of dtoa
              # will be reliable
              result = f.__format__(fmt)
              self.assertEqual(len(result), 98)
              self.assertEqual(result[-7], '.')
              self.assertIn(result[:12], ('112340000000', '112339999999'))
          f = 1.1234e200
          for fmt in 'f', 'F':
              result = f.__format__(fmt)
              self.assertEqual(len(result), 208)
              self.assertEqual(result[-7], '.')
              self.assertIn(result[:12], ('112340000000', '112339999999'))
  
  
          test( 1.0, 'e', '1.000000e+00')
          test(-1.0, 'e', '-1.000000e+00')
          test( 1.0, 'E', '1.000000E+00')
          test(-1.0, 'E', '-1.000000E+00')
          test(1.1234e20, 'e', '1.123400e+20')
          test(1.1234e20, 'E', '1.123400E+20')
  
          # No format code means use g, but must have a decimal
          # and a number after the decimal.  This is tricky, because
          # a totally empty format specifier means something else.
          # So, just use a sign flag
          test(1e200, '+g', '+1e+200')
          test(1e200, '+', '+1e+200')
  
          test(1.1e200, '+g', '+1.1e+200')
          test(1.1e200, '+', '+1.1e+200')
  
          # 0 padding
          test(1234., '010f', '1234.000000')
          test(1234., '011f', '1234.000000')
          test(1234., '012f', '01234.000000')
          test(-1234., '011f', '-1234.000000')
          test(-1234., '012f', '-1234.000000')
          test(-1234., '013f', '-01234.000000')
          test(-1234.12341234, '013f', '-01234.123412')
          test(-123456.12341234, '011.2f', '-0123456.12')
  
          # issue 5782, commas with no specifier type
          test(1.2, '010,.2', '0,000,001.2')
  
          # 0 padding with commas
          test(1234., '011,f', '1,234.000000')
          test(1234., '012,f', '1,234.000000')
          test(1234., '013,f', '01,234.000000')
          test(-1234., '012,f', '-1,234.000000')
          test(-1234., '013,f', '-1,234.000000')
          test(-1234., '014,f', '-01,234.000000')
          test(-12345., '015,f', '-012,345.000000')
          test(-123456., '016,f', '-0,123,456.000000')
          test(-123456., '017,f', '-0,123,456.000000')
          test(-123456.12341234, '017,f', '-0,123,456.123412')
          test(-123456.12341234, '013,.2f', '-0,123,456.12')
  
          # % formatting
          test(-1.0, '%', '-100.000000%')
  
          # format spec must be string
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3.0.__format__, None)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, 3.0.__format__, 0)
  
          # other format specifiers shouldn't work on floats,
          #  in particular int specifiers
          for format_spec in ([chr(x) for x in range(ord('a'), ord('z')+1)] +
                              [chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'), ord('Z')+1)]):
              if not format_spec in 'eEfFgGn%':
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0.0, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1.0, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1.0, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1e100, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1e100, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 1e-100, format_spec)
                  self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, -1e-100, format_spec)
  
          # Alternate float formatting
          test(1.0, '.0e', '1e+00')
          test(1.0, '#.0e', '1.e+00')
          test(1.0, '.0f', '1')
          test(1.0, '#.0f', '1.')
          test(1.1, 'g', '1.1')
          test(1.1, '#g', '1.10000')
          test(1.0, '.0%', '100%')
          test(1.0, '#.0%', '100.%')
  
          # Issue 7094: Alternate formatting (specified by #)
          test(1.0, '0e',  '1.000000e+00')
          test(1.0, '#0e', '1.000000e+00')
          test(1.0, '0f',  '1.000000' )
          test(1.0, '#0f', '1.000000')
          test(1.0, '.1e',  '1.0e+00')
          test(1.0, '#.1e', '1.0e+00')
          test(1.0, '.1f',  '1.0')
          test(1.0, '#.1f', '1.0')
          test(1.0, '.1%',  '100.0%')
          test(1.0, '#.1%', '100.0%')
  
          # Issue 6902
          test(12345.6, "0<20", '12345.60000000000000')
          test(12345.6, "1<20", '12345.61111111111111')
          test(12345.6, "*<20", '12345.6*************')
          test(12345.6, "0>20", '000000000000012345.6')
          test(12345.6, "1>20", '111111111111112345.6')
          test(12345.6, "*>20", '*************12345.6')
          test(12345.6, "0=20", '000000000000012345.6')
          test(12345.6, "1=20", '111111111111112345.6')
          test(12345.6, "*=20", '*************12345.6')
  
      def test_format_spec_errors(self):
          # int, float, and string all share the same format spec
          # mini-language parser.
  
          # Check that we can't ask for too many digits. This is
          # probably a CPython specific test. It tries to put the width
          # into a C long.
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '1'*10000 + 'd')
  
          # Similar with the precision.
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '.' + '1'*10000 + 'd')
  
          # And may as well test both.
          self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, '1'*1000 + '.' + '1'*10000 + 'd')
  
          # Make sure commas aren't allowed with various type codes
          for code in 'xXobns':
              self.assertRaises(ValueError, format, 0, ',' + code)
  
      def test_internal_sizes(self):
          self.assertGreater(object.__basicsize__, 0)
          self.assertGreater(tuple.__itemsize__, 0)
  
      def test_slot_wrapper_types(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(object.__init__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(object.__str__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(object.__lt__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(int.__lt__, types.WrapperDescriptorType)
  
      def test_method_wrapper_types(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(object().__init__, types.MethodWrapperType)
          self.assertIsInstance(object().__str__, types.MethodWrapperType)
          self.assertIsInstance(object().__lt__, types.MethodWrapperType)
          self.assertIsInstance((42).__lt__, types.MethodWrapperType)
  
      def test_method_descriptor_types(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(str.join, types.MethodDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(list.append, types.MethodDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(''.join, types.BuiltinMethodType)
          self.assertIsInstance([].append, types.BuiltinMethodType)
  
          self.assertIsInstance(int.__dict__['from_bytes'], types.ClassMethodDescriptorType)
          self.assertIsInstance(int.from_bytes, types.BuiltinMethodType)
          self.assertIsInstance(int.__new__, types.BuiltinMethodType)
  
      def test_ellipsis_type(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(Ellipsis, types.EllipsisType)
  
      def test_notimplemented_type(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(NotImplemented, types.NotImplementedType)
  
      def test_none_type(self):
          self.assertIsInstance(None, types.NoneType)
  
  
  class UnionTests(unittest.TestCase):
  
      def test_or_types_operator(self):
          self.assertEqual(int | str, typing.Union[int, str])
          self.assertNotEqual(int | list, typing.Union[int, str])
          self.assertEqual(str | int, typing.Union[int, str])
          self.assertEqual(int | None, typing.Union[int, None])
          self.assertEqual(None | int, typing.Union[int, None])
          self.assertEqual(int | type(None), int | None)
          self.assertEqual(type(None) | int, None | int)
          self.assertEqual(int | str | list, typing.Union[int, str, list])
          self.assertEqual(int | (str | list), typing.Union[int, str, list])
          self.assertEqual(str | (int | list), typing.Union[int, str, list])
          self.assertEqual(typing.List | typing.Tuple, typing.Union[typing.List, typing.Tuple])
          self.assertEqual(typing.List[int] | typing.Tuple[int], typing.Union[typing.List[int], typing.Tuple[int]])
          self.assertEqual(typing.List[int] | None, typing.Union[typing.List[int], None])
          self.assertEqual(None | typing.List[int], typing.Union[None, typing.List[int]])
          self.assertEqual(str | float | int | complex | int, (int | str) | (float | complex))
          self.assertEqual(typing.Union[str, int, typing.List[int]], str | int | typing.List[int])
          self.assertIs(int | int, int)
          self.assertEqual(
              BaseException |
              bool |
              bytes |
              complex |
              float |
              int |
              list |
              map |
              set,
              typing.Union[
                  BaseException,
                  bool,
                  bytes,
                  complex,
                  float,
                  int,
                  list,
                  map,
                  set,
              ])
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              int | 3
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              3 | int
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              Example() | int
          x = int | str
          self.assertEqual(x, int | str)
          self.assertEqual(x, str | int)
          self.assertNotEqual(x, {})  # should not raise exception
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              x < x
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              x <= x
          y = typing.Union[str, int]
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              x < y
          y = int | bool
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              x < y
          # Check that we don't crash if typing.Union does not have a tuple in __args__
          y = typing.Union[str, int]
          y.__args__ = [str, int]
          self.assertEqual(x, y)
  
      def test_hash(self):
          self.assertEqual(hash(int | str), hash(str | int))
          self.assertEqual(hash(int | str), hash(typing.Union[int, str]))
  
      def test_instancecheck(self):
          x = int | str
          self.assertIsInstance(1, x)
          self.assertIsInstance(True, x)
          self.assertIsInstance('a', x)
          self.assertNotIsInstance(None, x)
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(int, x))
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(bool, x))
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(str, x))
          self.assertFalse(issubclass(type(None), x))
          x = int | None
          self.assertIsInstance(None, x)
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(type(None), x))
          x = int | collections.abc.Mapping
          self.assertIsInstance({}, x)
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(dict, x))
  
      def test_bad_instancecheck(self):
          class BadMeta(type):
              def __instancecheck__(cls, inst):
                  1/0
          x = int | BadMeta('A', (), {})
          self.assertTrue(isinstance(1, x))
          self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, isinstance, [], x)
  
      def test_bad_subclasscheck(self):
          class BadMeta(type):
              def __subclasscheck__(cls, sub):
                  1/0
          x = int | BadMeta('A', (), {})
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(int, x))
          self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError, issubclass, list, x)
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_TypeVar(self):
          TV = typing.TypeVar('T')
          assert TV | str == typing.Union[TV, str]
          assert str | TV == typing.Union[str, TV]
          self.assertIs((int | TV)[int], int)
          self.assertIs((TV | int)[int], int)
  
      def test_union_args(self):
          def check(arg, expected):
              clear_typing_caches()
              self.assertEqual(arg.__args__, expected)
  
          check(int | str, (int, str))
          check((int | str) | list, (int, str, list))
          check(int | (str | list), (int, str, list))
          check((int | str) | int, (int, str))
          check(int | (str | int), (int, str))
          check((int | str) | (str | int), (int, str))
          check(typing.Union[int, str] | list, (int, str, list))
          check(int | typing.Union[str, list], (int, str, list))
          check((int | str) | (list | int), (int, str, list))
          check((int | str) | typing.Union[list, int], (int, str, list))
          check(typing.Union[int, str] | (list | int), (int, str, list))
          check((str | int) | (int | list), (str, int, list))
          check((str | int) | typing.Union[int, list], (str, int, list))
          check(typing.Union[str, int] | (int | list), (str, int, list))
          check(int | type(None), (int, type(None)))
          check(type(None) | int, (type(None), int))
  
          args = (int, list[int], typing.List[int],
                  typing.Tuple[int, int], typing.Callable[[int], int],
                  typing.Hashable, typing.TypeVar('T'))
          for x in args:
              with self.subTest(x):
                  check(x | None, (x, type(None)))
                  check(None | x, (type(None), x))
  
      def test_union_parameter_chaining(self):
          T = typing.TypeVar("T")
          S = typing.TypeVar("S")
  
          self.assertEqual((float | list[T])[int], float | list[int])
          self.assertEqual(list[int | list[T]].__parameters__, (T,))
          self.assertEqual(list[int | list[T]][str], list[int | list[str]])
          self.assertEqual((list[T] | list[S]).__parameters__, (T, S))
          self.assertEqual((list[T] | list[S])[int, T], list[int] | list[T])
          self.assertEqual((list[T] | list[S])[int, int], list[int])
  
      def test_union_parameter_substitution(self):
          def eq(actual, expected):
              self.assertEqual(actual, expected)
              self.assertIs(type(actual), type(expected))
  
          T = typing.TypeVar('T')
          S = typing.TypeVar('S')
          NT = typing.NewType('NT', str)
          x = int | T | bytes
  
          eq(x[str], int | str | bytes)
          eq(x[list[int]], int | list[int] | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.List], int | typing.List | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.List[int]], int | typing.List[int] | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Hashable], int | typing.Hashable | bytes)
          eq(x[collections.abc.Hashable],
             int | collections.abc.Hashable | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Callable[[int], str]],
             int | typing.Callable[[int], str] | bytes)
          eq(x[collections.abc.Callable[[int], str]],
             int | collections.abc.Callable[[int], str] | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Tuple[int, str]], int | typing.Tuple[int, str] | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Literal['none']], int | typing.Literal['none'] | bytes)
          eq(x[str | list], int | str | list | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Union[str, list]], typing.Union[int, str, list, bytes])
          eq(x[str | int], int | str | bytes)
          eq(x[typing.Union[str, int]], typing.Union[int, str, bytes])
          eq(x[NT], int | NT | bytes)
          eq(x[S], int | S | bytes)
  
      def test_union_parameter_substitution_errors(self):
          T = typing.TypeVar("T")
          x = int | T
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              x[42]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_forward(self):
          T = typing.TypeVar('T')
          ForwardAfter = T | 'Forward'
          ForwardBefore = 'Forward' | T
          def forward_after(x: ForwardAfter[int]) -> None: ...
          def forward_before(x: ForwardBefore[int]) -> None: ...
          assert typing.get_args(typing.get_type_hints(forward_after)['x']) == (int, Forward)
          assert typing.get_args(typing.get_type_hints(forward_before)['x']) == (int, Forward)
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_Protocol(self):
          class Proto(typing.Protocol):
              def meth(self) -> int:
                  ...
          assert Proto | str == typing.Union[Proto, str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_Alias(self):
          assert list | str == typing.Union[list, str]
          assert typing.List | str == typing.Union[typing.List, str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_NamedTuple(self):
          NT=namedtuple('A', ['B', 'C', 'D'])
          assert NT | str == typing.Union[NT,str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_TypedDict(self):
          class Point2D(typing.TypedDict):
              x: int
              y: int
              label: str
          assert Point2D | str == typing.Union[Point2D, str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_NewType(self):
          UserId = typing.NewType('UserId', int)
          assert UserId | str == typing.Union[UserId, str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_IO(self):
          assert typing.IO | str == typing.Union[typing.IO, str]
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_SpecialForm(self):
          assert typing.Any | str == typing.Union[typing.Any, str]
          assert typing.NoReturn | str == typing.Union[typing.NoReturn, str]
          assert typing.Optional[int] | str == typing.Union[typing.Optional[int], str]
          assert typing.Optional[int] | str == typing.Union[int, str, None]
          assert typing.Union[int, bool] | str == typing.Union[int, bool, str]
  
      def test_or_type_repr(self):
          assert repr(int | str) == "int | str"
          assert repr((int | str) | list) == "int | str | list"
          assert repr(int | (str | list)) == "int | str | list"
          assert repr(int | None) == "int | None"
          assert repr(int | type(None)) == "int | None"
          assert repr(int | typing.GenericAlias(list, int)) == "int | list[int]"
          assert repr(int | typing.TypeVar('T')) == "int | ~T"
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_genericalias(self):
          a = list[int]
          b = list[str]
          c = dict[float, str]
          class SubClass(types.GenericAlias): ...
          d = SubClass(list, float)
          # equivalence with typing.Union
          self.assertEqual(a | b | c | d, typing.Union[a, b, c, d])
          # de-duplicate
          self.assertEqual(a | c | b | b | a | c | d | d, a | b | c | d)
          # order shouldn't matter
          self.assertEqual(a | b | d, b | a | d)
          self.assertEqual(repr(a | b | c | d),
                           "list[int] | list[str] | dict[float, str] | list[float]")
  
          class BadType(type):
              def __eq__(self, other):
                  return 1 / 0
  
          bt = BadType('bt', (), {})
          # Comparison should fail and errors should propagate out for bad types.
          with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
              list[int] | list[bt]
  
          union_ga = (int | list[str], int | collections.abc.Callable[..., str],
                      int | d)
          # Raise error when isinstance(type, type | genericalias)
          for type_ in union_ga:
              with self.subTest(f"check isinstance/issubclass is invalid for {type_}"):
                  with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
                      isinstance(1, type_)
                  with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
                      issubclass(int, type_)
  
      def test_or_type_operator_with_bad_module(self):
          class BadMeta(type):
              __qualname__ = 'TypeVar'
              @property
              def __module__(self):
                  1 / 0
          TypeVar = BadMeta('TypeVar', (), {})
          _SpecialForm = BadMeta('_SpecialForm', (), {})
          # Crashes in Issue44483
          with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
              str | TypeVar()
          with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):
              str | _SpecialForm()
  
      @cpython_only
      def test_or_type_operator_reference_cycle(self):
          if not hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount'):
              self.skipTest('Cannot get total reference count.')
          gc.collect()
          before = sys.gettotalrefcount()
          for _ in range(30):
              T = typing.TypeVar('T')
              U = int | list[T]
              T.blah = U
              del T
              del U
          gc.collect()
          leeway = 15
          self.assertLessEqual(sys.gettotalrefcount() - before, leeway,
                               msg='Check for union reference leak.')
  
  
  class MappingProxyTests(unittest.TestCase):
      mappingproxy = types.MappingProxyType
  
      def test_constructor(self):
          class userdict(dict):
              pass
  
          mapping = {'x': 1, 'y': 2}
          self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)
          mapping = userdict(x=1, y=2)
          self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)
          mapping = collections.ChainMap({'x': 1}, {'y': 2})
          self.assertEqual(self.mappingproxy(mapping), mapping)
  
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, 10)
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, ("a", "tuple"))
          self.assertRaises(TypeError, self.mappingproxy, ["a", "list"])
  
      def test_methods(self):
          attrs = set(dir(self.mappingproxy({}))) - set(dir(object()))
          self.assertEqual(attrs, {
               '__contains__',
               '__getitem__',
               '__class_getitem__',
               '__ior__',
               '__iter__',
               '__len__',
               '__or__',
               '__reversed__',
               '__ror__',
               'copy',
               'get',
               'items',
               'keys',
               'values',
          })
  
      def test_get(self):
          view = self.mappingproxy({'a': 'A', 'b': 'B'})
          self.assertEqual(view['a'], 'A')
          self.assertEqual(view['b'], 'B')
          self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'xxx')
          self.assertEqual(view.get('a'), 'A')
          self.assertIsNone(view.get('xxx'))
          self.assertEqual(view.get('xxx', 42), 42)
  
      def test_missing(self):
          class dictmissing(dict):
              def __missing__(self, key):
                  return "missing=%s" % key
  
          view = self.mappingproxy(dictmissing(x=1))
          self.assertEqual(view['x'], 1)
          self.assertEqual(view['y'], 'missing=y')
          self.assertEqual(view.get('x'), 1)
          self.assertEqual(view.get('y'), None)
          self.assertEqual(view.get('y', 42), 42)
          self.assertTrue('x' in view)
          self.assertFalse('y' in view)
  
      def test_customdict(self):
          class customdict(dict):
              def __contains__(self, key):
                  if key == 'magic':
                      return True
                  else:
                      return dict.__contains__(self, key)
  
              def __iter__(self):
                  return iter(('iter',))
  
              def __len__(self):
                  return 500
  
              def copy(self):
                  return 'copy'
  
              def keys(self):
                  return 'keys'
  
              def items(self):
                  return 'items'
  
              def values(self):
                  return 'values'
  
              def __getitem__(self, key):
                  return "getitem=%s" % dict.__getitem__(self, key)
  
              def get(self, key, default=None):
                  return "get=%s" % dict.get(self, key, 'default=%r' % default)
  
          custom = customdict({'key': 'value'})
          view = self.mappingproxy(custom)
          self.assertTrue('key' in view)
          self.assertTrue('magic' in view)
          self.assertFalse('xxx' in view)
          self.assertEqual(view['key'], 'getitem=value')
          self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'xxx')
          self.assertEqual(tuple(view), ('iter',))
          self.assertEqual(len(view), 500)
          self.assertEqual(view.copy(), 'copy')
          self.assertEqual(view.get('key'), 'get=value')
          self.assertEqual(view.get('xxx'), 'get=default=None')
          self.assertEqual(view.items(), 'items')
          self.assertEqual(view.keys(), 'keys')
          self.assertEqual(view.values(), 'values')
  
      def test_chainmap(self):
          d1 = {'x': 1}
          d2 = {'y': 2}
          mapping = collections.ChainMap(d1, d2)
          view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
          self.assertTrue('x' in view)
          self.assertTrue('y' in view)
          self.assertFalse('z' in view)
          self.assertEqual(view['x'], 1)
          self.assertEqual(view['y'], 2)
          self.assertRaises(KeyError, view.__getitem__, 'z')
          self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view)), ('x', 'y'))
          self.assertEqual(len(view), 2)
          copy = view.copy()
          self.assertIsNot(copy, mapping)
          self.assertIsInstance(copy, collections.ChainMap)
          self.assertEqual(copy, mapping)
          self.assertEqual(view.get('x'), 1)
          self.assertEqual(view.get('y'), 2)
          self.assertIsNone(view.get('z'))
          self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.items())), (('x', 1), ('y', 2)))
          self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.keys())), ('x', 'y'))
          self.assertEqual(tuple(sorted(view.values())), (1, 2))
  
      def test_contains(self):
          view = self.mappingproxy(dict.fromkeys('abc'))
          self.assertTrue('a' in view)
          self.assertTrue('b' in view)
          self.assertTrue('c' in view)
          self.assertFalse('xxx' in view)
  
      def test_views(self):
          mapping = {}
          view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
          keys = view.keys()
          values = view.values()
          items = view.items()
          self.assertEqual(list(keys), [])
          self.assertEqual(list(values), [])
          self.assertEqual(list(items), [])
          mapping['key'] = 'value'
          self.assertEqual(list(keys), ['key'])
          self.assertEqual(list(values), ['value'])
          self.assertEqual(list(items), [('key', 'value')])
  
      def test_len(self):
          for expected in range(6):
              data = dict.fromkeys('abcde'[:expected])
              self.assertEqual(len(data), expected)
              view = self.mappingproxy(data)
              self.assertEqual(len(view), expected)
  
      def test_iterators(self):
          keys = ('x', 'y')
          values = (1, 2)
          items = tuple(zip(keys, values))
          view = self.mappingproxy(dict(items))
          self.assertEqual(set(view), set(keys))
          self.assertEqual(set(view.keys()), set(keys))
          self.assertEqual(set(view.values()), set(values))
          self.assertEqual(set(view.items()), set(items))
  
      def test_reversed(self):
          d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'foo': 0, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
          mp = self.mappingproxy(d)
          del d['foo']
          r = reversed(mp)
          self.assertEqual(list(r), list('dcba'))
          self.assertRaises(StopIteration, next, r)
  
      def test_copy(self):
          original = {'key1': 27, 'key2': 51, 'key3': 93}
          view = self.mappingproxy(original)
          copy = view.copy()
          self.assertEqual(type(copy), dict)
          self.assertEqual(copy, original)
          original['key1'] = 70
          self.assertEqual(view['key1'], 70)
          self.assertEqual(copy['key1'], 27)
  
      def test_union(self):
          mapping = {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2}
          view = self.mappingproxy(mapping)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              view | [('r', 2), ('d', 2)]
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              [('r', 2), ('d', 2)] | view
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              view |= [('r', 2), ('d', 2)]
          other = {'c': 3, 'p': 0}
          self.assertDictEqual(view | other, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 3, 'p': 0})
          self.assertDictEqual(other | view, {'c': 2, 'p': 0, 'a': 0, 'b': 1})
          self.assertEqual(view, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})
          self.assertDictEqual(mapping, {'a': 0, 'b': 1, 'c': 2})
          self.assertDictEqual(other, {'c': 3, 'p': 0})
  
  
  class ClassCreationTests(unittest.TestCase):
  
      class Meta(type):
          def __init__(cls, name, bases, ns, **kw):
              super().__init__(name, bases, ns)
          @staticmethod
          def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns, **kw):
              return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
          @classmethod
          def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases, **kw):
              ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases)
              ns["y"] = 1
              ns.update(kw)
              return ns
  
      def test_new_class_basics(self):
          C = types.new_class("C")
          self.assertEqual(C.__name__, "C")
          self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (object,))
  
      def test_new_class_subclass(self):
          C = types.new_class("C", (int,))
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, int))
  
      def test_new_class_meta(self):
          Meta = self.Meta
          settings = {"metaclass": Meta, "z": 2}
          # We do this twice to make sure the passed in dict isn't mutated
          for i in range(2):
              C = types.new_class("C" + str(i), (), settings)
              self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
              self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
              self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)
  
      def test_new_class_exec_body(self):
          Meta = self.Meta
          def func(ns):
              ns["x"] = 0
          C = types.new_class("C", (), {"metaclass": Meta, "z": 2}, func)
          self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
          self.assertEqual(C.x, 0)
          self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
          self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)
  
      def test_new_class_metaclass_keywords(self):
          #Test that keywords are passed to the metaclass:
          def meta_func(name, bases, ns, **kw):
              return name, bases, ns, kw
          res = types.new_class("X",
                                (int, object),
                                dict(metaclass=meta_func, x=0))
          self.assertEqual(res, ("X", (int, object), {}, {"x": 0}))
  
      def test_new_class_defaults(self):
          # Test defaults/keywords:
          C = types.new_class("C", (), {}, None)
          self.assertEqual(C.__name__, "C")
          self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (object,))
  
      def test_new_class_meta_with_base(self):
          Meta = self.Meta
          def func(ns):
              ns["x"] = 0
          C = types.new_class(name="C",
                              bases=(int,),
                              kwds=dict(metaclass=Meta, z=2),
                              exec_body=func)
          self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, int))
          self.assertIsInstance(C, Meta)
          self.assertEqual(C.x, 0)
          self.assertEqual(C.y, 1)
          self.assertEqual(C.z, 2)
  
      def test_new_class_with_mro_entry(self):
          class A: pass
          class C:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return (A,)
          c = C()
          D = types.new_class('D', (c,), {})
          self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A,))
          self.assertEqual(D.__orig_bases__, (c,))
          self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, A, object))
  
      def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_none(self):
          class A: pass
          class B: pass
          class C:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return ()
          c = C()
          D = types.new_class('D', (A, c, B), {})
          self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A, B))
          self.assertEqual(D.__orig_bases__, (A, c, B))
          self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, A, B, object))
  
      def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_error(self):
          class A: pass
          class C:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return A
          c = C()
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.new_class('D', (c,), {})
  
      def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_multiple(self):
          class A1: pass
          class A2: pass
          class B1: pass
          class B2: pass
          class A:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return (A1, A2)
          class B:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return (B1, B2)
          D = types.new_class('D', (A(), B()), {})
          self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A1, A2, B1, B2))
  
      def test_new_class_with_mro_entry_multiple_2(self):
          class A1: pass
          class A2: pass
          class A3: pass
          class B1: pass
          class B2: pass
          class A:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return (A1, A2, A3)
          class B:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  return (B1, B2)
          class C: pass
          D = types.new_class('D', (A(), C, B()), {})
          self.assertEqual(D.__bases__, (A1, A2, A3, C, B1, B2))
  
      # Many of the following tests are derived from test_descr.py
      def test_prepare_class(self):
          # Basic test of metaclass derivation
          expected_ns = {}
          class A(type):
              def __new__(*args, **kwargs):
                  return type.__new__(*args, **kwargs)
  
              def __prepare__(*args):
                  return expected_ns
  
          B = types.new_class("B", (object,))
          C = types.new_class("C", (object,), {"metaclass": A})
  
          # The most derived metaclass of D is A rather than type.
          meta, ns, kwds = types.prepare_class("D", (B, C), {"metaclass": type})
          self.assertIs(meta, A)
          self.assertIs(ns, expected_ns)
          self.assertEqual(len(kwds), 0)
  
      def test_bad___prepare__(self):
          # __prepare__() must return a mapping.
          class BadMeta(type):
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(*args):
                  return None
          with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
                                      r'^BadMeta\.__prepare__\(\) must '
                                      r'return a mapping, not NoneType$'):
              class Foo(metaclass=BadMeta):
                  pass
          # Also test the case in which the metaclass is not a type.
          class BadMeta:
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(*args):
                  return None
          with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
                                      r'^<metaclass>\.__prepare__\(\) must '
                                      r'return a mapping, not NoneType$'):
              class Bar(metaclass=BadMeta()):
                  pass
  
      def test_resolve_bases(self):
          class A: pass
          class B: pass
          class C:
              def __mro_entries__(self, bases):
                  if A in bases:
                      return ()
                  return (A,)
          c = C()
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases(()), ())
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((c,)), (A,))
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((C,)), (C,))
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((A, C)), (A, C))
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((c, A)), (A,))
          self.assertEqual(types.resolve_bases((A, c)), (A,))
          x = (A,)
          y = (C,)
          z = (A, C)
          t = (A, C, B)
          for bases in [x, y, z, t]:
              self.assertIs(types.resolve_bases(bases), bases)
  
      def test_metaclass_derivation(self):
          # issue1294232: correct metaclass calculation
          new_calls = []  # to check the order of __new__ calls
          class AMeta(type):
              def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns):
                  new_calls.append('AMeta')
                  return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
                  return {}
  
          class BMeta(AMeta):
              def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns):
                  new_calls.append('BMeta')
                  return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns)
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
                  ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases)
                  ns['BMeta_was_here'] = True
                  return ns
  
          A = types.new_class("A", (), {"metaclass": AMeta})
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          B = types.new_class("B", (), {"metaclass": BMeta})
          # BMeta.__new__ calls AMeta.__new__ with super:
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          C = types.new_class("C", (A, B))
          # The most derived metaclass is BMeta:
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
          # BMeta.__prepare__ should've been called:
          self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C.__dict__)
  
          # The order of the bases shouldn't matter:
          C2 = types.new_class("C2", (B, A))
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
          self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C2.__dict__)
  
          # Check correct metaclass calculation when a metaclass is declared:
          D = types.new_class("D", (C,), {"metaclass": type})
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
          self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', D.__dict__)
  
          E = types.new_class("E", (C,), {"metaclass": AMeta})
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BMeta', 'AMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
          self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', E.__dict__)
  
      def test_metaclass_override_function(self):
          # Special case: the given metaclass isn't a class,
          # so there is no metaclass calculation.
          class A(metaclass=self.Meta):
              pass
  
          marker = object()
          def func(*args, **kwargs):
              return marker
  
          X = types.new_class("X", (), {"metaclass": func})
          Y = types.new_class("Y", (object,), {"metaclass": func})
          Z = types.new_class("Z", (A,), {"metaclass": func})
          self.assertIs(marker, X)
          self.assertIs(marker, Y)
          self.assertIs(marker, Z)
  
      def test_metaclass_override_callable(self):
          # The given metaclass is a class,
          # but not a descendant of type.
          new_calls = []  # to check the order of __new__ calls
          prepare_calls = []  # to track __prepare__ calls
          class ANotMeta:
              def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs):
                  new_calls.append('ANotMeta')
                  return super().__new__(mcls)
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
                  prepare_calls.append('ANotMeta')
                  return {}
  
          class BNotMeta(ANotMeta):
              def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs):
                  new_calls.append('BNotMeta')
                  return super().__new__(mcls)
              @classmethod
              def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases):
                  prepare_calls.append('BNotMeta')
                  return super().__prepare__(name, bases)
  
          A = types.new_class("A", (), {"metaclass": ANotMeta})
          self.assertIs(ANotMeta, type(A))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          B = types.new_class("B", (), {"metaclass": BNotMeta})
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(B))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          C = types.new_class("C", (A, B))
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          C2 = types.new_class("C2", (B, A))
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C2))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          # This is a TypeError, because of a metaclass conflict:
          # BNotMeta is neither a subclass, nor a superclass of type
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              D = types.new_class("D", (C,), {"metaclass": type})
  
          E = types.new_class("E", (C,), {"metaclass": ANotMeta})
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(E))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          F = types.new_class("F", (object(), C))
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          F2 = types.new_class("F2", (C, object()))
          self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F2))
          self.assertEqual(prepare_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          prepare_calls.clear()
          self.assertEqual(new_calls, ['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'])
          new_calls.clear()
  
          # TypeError: BNotMeta is neither a
          # subclass, nor a superclass of int
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              X = types.new_class("X", (C, int()))
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              X = types.new_class("X", (int(), C))
  
      def test_one_argument_type(self):
          expected_message = 'type.__new__() takes exactly 3 arguments (1 given)'
  
          # Only type itself can use the one-argument form (#27157)
          self.assertIs(type(5), int)
  
          class M(type):
              pass
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
              M(5)
          self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_message)
  
          class N(type, metaclass=M):
              pass
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm:
              N(5)
          self.assertEqual(str(cm.exception), expected_message)
  
      def test_metaclass_new_error(self):
          # bpo-44232: The C function type_new() must properly report the
          # exception when a metaclass constructor raises an exception and the
          # winner class is not the metaclass.
          class ModelBase(type):
              def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
                  super_new = super().__new__
                  new_class = super_new(cls, name, bases, {})
                  if name != "Model":
                      raise RuntimeWarning(f"{name=}")
                  return new_class
  
          class Model(metaclass=ModelBase):
              pass
  
          with self.assertRaises(RuntimeWarning):
              type("SouthPonies", (Model,), {})
  
  
  class SimpleNamespaceTests(unittest.TestCase):
  
      def test_constructor(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2)
          ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(**dict(x=1, y=2))
  
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace(1, 2, 3)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace(**{1: 2})
  
          self.assertEqual(len(ns1.__dict__), 0)
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), {})
          self.assertEqual(len(ns2.__dict__), 2)
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
          self.assertEqual(len(ns3.__dict__), 2)
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns3), {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
  
      def test_unbound(self):
          ns1 = vars(types.SimpleNamespace())
          ns2 = vars(types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2))
  
          self.assertEqual(ns1, {})
          self.assertEqual(ns2, {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
  
      def test_underlying_dict(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2)
          ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(a=True, b=False)
          mapping = ns3.__dict__
          del ns3
  
          self.assertEqual(ns1.__dict__, {})
          self.assertEqual(ns2.__dict__, {'y': 2, 'x': 1})
          self.assertEqual(mapping, dict(a=True, b=False))
  
      def test_attrget(self):
          ns = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
  
          self.assertEqual(ns.x, 1)
          self.assertEqual(ns.y, 2)
          self.assertEqual(ns.w, 3)
          with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
              ns.z
  
      def test_attrset(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
          ns1.a = 'spam'
          ns1.b = 'ham'
          ns2.z = 4
          ns2.theta = None
  
          self.assertEqual(ns1.__dict__, dict(a='spam', b='ham'))
          self.assertEqual(ns2.__dict__, dict(x=1, y=2, w=3, z=4, theta=None))
  
      def test_attrdel(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
  
          with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
              del ns1.spam
          with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
              del ns2.spam
  
          del ns2.y
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1))
          ns2.y = 'spam'
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1, y='spam'))
          del ns2.y
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(w=3, x=1))
  
          ns1.spam = 5
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), dict(spam=5))
          del ns1.spam
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), {})
  
      def test_repr(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1, y=2, w=3)
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2.x = "spam"
          ns2._y = 5
          name = "namespace"
  
          self.assertEqual(repr(ns1), "{name}(x=1, y=2, w=3)".format(name=name))
          self.assertEqual(repr(ns2), "{name}(x='spam', _y=5)".format(name=name))
  
      def test_equal(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns2.x = 1
  
          self.assertEqual(types.SimpleNamespace(), types.SimpleNamespace())
          self.assertEqual(ns1, ns2)
          self.assertNotEqual(ns2, types.SimpleNamespace())
  
      def test_nested(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(a=1, b=2)
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=ns1)
          ns2.spam = ns1
          ns2.ham = '?'
          ns2.spam = ns3
  
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns1), dict(a=1, b=2))
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns2), dict(spam=ns3, ham='?'))
          self.assertEqual(ns2.spam, ns3)
          self.assertEqual(vars(ns3), dict(x=ns1))
          self.assertEqual(ns3.x.a, 1)
  
      def test_recursive(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(c='cookie')
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
          ns1.spam = ns1
          ns2.spam = ns3
          ns3.spam = ns2
  
          self.assertEqual(ns1.spam, ns1)
          self.assertEqual(ns1.spam.spam, ns1)
          self.assertEqual(ns1.spam.spam, ns1.spam)
          self.assertEqual(ns2.spam, ns3)
          self.assertEqual(ns3.spam, ns2)
          self.assertEqual(ns2.spam.spam, ns2)
  
      def test_recursive_repr(self):
          ns1 = types.SimpleNamespace(c='cookie')
          ns2 = types.SimpleNamespace()
          ns3 = types.SimpleNamespace(x=1)
          ns1.spam = ns1
          ns2.spam = ns3
          ns3.spam = ns2
          name = "namespace"
          repr1 = "{name}(c='cookie', spam={name}(...))".format(name=name)
          repr2 = "{name}(spam={name}(x=1, spam={name}(...)))".format(name=name)
  
          self.assertEqual(repr(ns1), repr1)
          self.assertEqual(repr(ns2), repr2)
  
      def test_as_dict(self):
          ns = types.SimpleNamespace(spam='spamspamspam')
  
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              len(ns)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              iter(ns)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              'spam' in ns
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              ns['spam']
  
      def test_subclass(self):
          class Spam(types.SimpleNamespace):
              pass
  
          spam = Spam(ham=8, eggs=9)
  
          self.assertIs(type(spam), Spam)
          self.assertEqual(vars(spam), {'ham': 8, 'eggs': 9})
  
      def test_pickle(self):
          ns = types.SimpleNamespace(breakfast="spam", lunch="spam")
  
          for protocol in range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1):
              pname = "protocol {}".format(protocol)
              try:
                  ns_pickled = pickle.dumps(ns, protocol)
              except TypeError as e:
                  raise TypeError(pname) from e
              ns_roundtrip = pickle.loads(ns_pickled)
  
              self.assertEqual(ns, ns_roundtrip, pname)
  
      def test_fake_namespace_compare(self):
          # Issue #24257: Incorrect use of PyObject_IsInstance() caused
          # SystemError.
          class FakeSimpleNamespace(str):
              __class__ = types.SimpleNamespace
          self.assertFalse(types.SimpleNamespace() == FakeSimpleNamespace())
          self.assertTrue(types.SimpleNamespace() != FakeSimpleNamespace())
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace() < FakeSimpleNamespace()
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace() <= FakeSimpleNamespace()
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace() > FakeSimpleNamespace()
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              types.SimpleNamespace() >= FakeSimpleNamespace()
  
  
  class CoroutineTests(unittest.TestCase):
      def test_wrong_args(self):
          samples = [None, 1, object()]
          for sample in samples:
              with self.assertRaisesRegex(TypeError,
                                          'types.coroutine.*expects a callable'):
                  types.coroutine(sample)
  
      def test_non_gen_values(self):
          @types.coroutine
          def foo():
              return 'spam'
          self.assertEqual(foo(), 'spam')
  
          class Awaitable:
              def __await__(self):
                  return ()
          aw = Awaitable()
          @types.coroutine
          def foo():
              return aw
          self.assertIs(aw, foo())
  
          # decorate foo second time
          foo = types.coroutine(foo)
          self.assertIs(aw, foo())
  
      def test_async_def(self):
          # Test that types.coroutine passes 'async def' coroutines
          # without modification
  
          async def foo(): pass
          foo_code = foo.__code__
          foo_flags = foo.__code__.co_flags
          decorated_foo = types.coroutine(foo)
          self.assertIs(foo, decorated_foo)
          self.assertEqual(foo.__code__.co_flags, foo_flags)
          self.assertIs(decorated_foo.__code__, foo_code)
  
          foo_coro = foo()
          def bar(): return foo_coro
          for _ in range(2):
              bar = types.coroutine(bar)
              coro = bar()
              self.assertIs(foo_coro, coro)
              self.assertEqual(coro.cr_code.co_flags, foo_flags)
              coro.close()
  
      def test_duck_coro(self):
          class CoroLike:
              def send(self): pass
              def throw(self): pass
              def close(self): pass
              def __await__(self): return self
  
          coro = CoroLike()
          @types.coroutine
          def foo():
              return coro
          self.assertIs(foo(), coro)
          self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), coro)
  
      def test_duck_corogen(self):
          class CoroGenLike:
              def send(self): pass
              def throw(self): pass
              def close(self): pass
              def __await__(self): return self
              def __iter__(self): return self
              def __next__(self): pass
  
          coro = CoroGenLike()
          @types.coroutine
          def foo():
              return coro
          self.assertIs(foo(), coro)
          self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), coro)
  
      def test_duck_gen(self):
          class GenLike:
              def send(self): pass
              def throw(self): pass
              def close(self): pass
              def __iter__(self): pass
              def __next__(self): pass
  
          # Setup generator mock object
          gen = unittest.mock.MagicMock(GenLike)
          gen.__iter__ = lambda gen: gen
          gen.__name__ = 'gen'
          gen.__qualname__ = 'test.gen'
          self.assertIsInstance(gen, collections.abc.Generator)
          self.assertIs(gen, iter(gen))
  
          @types.coroutine
          def foo(): return gen
  
          wrapper = foo()
          self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.__await__(), wrapper)
          # Wrapper proxies duck generators completely:
          self.assertIs(iter(wrapper), wrapper)
  
          self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, collections.abc.Coroutine)
          self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, collections.abc.Awaitable)
  
          self.assertIs(wrapper.__qualname__, gen.__qualname__)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.__name__, gen.__name__)
  
          # Test AttributeErrors
          for name in {'gi_running', 'gi_frame', 'gi_code', 'gi_yieldfrom',
                       'cr_running', 'cr_frame', 'cr_code', 'cr_await'}:
              with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
                  getattr(wrapper, name)
  
          # Test attributes pass-through
          gen.gi_running = object()
          gen.gi_frame = object()
          gen.gi_code = object()
          gen.gi_yieldfrom = object()
          self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_running, gen.gi_running)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_frame, gen.gi_frame)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_code, gen.gi_code)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.gi_yieldfrom, gen.gi_yieldfrom)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_running, gen.gi_running)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_frame, gen.gi_frame)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_code, gen.gi_code)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.cr_await, gen.gi_yieldfrom)
  
          wrapper.close()
          gen.close.assert_called_once_with()
  
          wrapper.send(1)
          gen.send.assert_called_once_with(1)
          gen.reset_mock()
  
          next(wrapper)
          gen.__next__.assert_called_once_with()
          gen.reset_mock()
  
          wrapper.throw(1, 2, 3)
          gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1, 2, 3)
          gen.reset_mock()
  
          wrapper.throw(1, 2)
          gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1, 2)
          gen.reset_mock()
  
          wrapper.throw(1)
          gen.throw.assert_called_once_with(1)
          gen.reset_mock()
  
          # Test exceptions propagation
          error = Exception()
          gen.throw.side_effect = error
          try:
              wrapper.throw(1)
          except Exception as ex:
              self.assertIs(ex, error)
          else:
              self.fail('wrapper did not propagate an exception')
  
          # Test invalid args
          gen.reset_mock()
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              wrapper.throw()
          self.assertFalse(gen.throw.called)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              wrapper.close(1)
          self.assertFalse(gen.close.called)
          with self.assertRaises(TypeError):
              wrapper.send()
          self.assertFalse(gen.send.called)
  
          # Test that we do not double wrap
          @types.coroutine
          def bar(): return wrapper
          self.assertIs(wrapper, bar())
  
          # Test weakrefs support
          ref = weakref.ref(wrapper)
          self.assertIs(ref(), wrapper)
  
      def test_duck_functional_gen(self):
          class Generator:
              """Emulates the following generator (very clumsy):
  
                def gen(fut):
                    result = yield fut
                    return result * 2
              """
              def __init__(self, fut):
                  self._i = 0
                  self._fut = fut
              def __iter__(self):
                  return self
              def __next__(self):
                  return self.send(None)
              def send(self, v):
                  try:
                      if self._i == 0:
                          assert v is None
                          return self._fut
                      if self._i == 1:
                          raise StopIteration(v * 2)
                      if self._i > 1:
                          raise StopIteration
                  finally:
                      self._i += 1
              def throw(self, tp, *exc):
                  self._i = 100
                  if tp is not GeneratorExit:
                      raise tp
              def close(self):
                  self.throw(GeneratorExit)
  
          @types.coroutine
          def foo(): return Generator('spam')
  
          wrapper = foo()
          self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)
  
          async def corofunc():
              return await foo() + 100
          coro = corofunc()
  
          self.assertEqual(coro.send(None), 'spam')
          try:
              coro.send(20)
          except StopIteration as ex:
              self.assertEqual(ex.args[0], 140)
          else:
              self.fail('StopIteration was expected')
  
      def test_gen(self):
          def gen_func():
              yield 1
              return (yield 2)
          gen = gen_func()
          @types.coroutine
          def foo(): return gen
          wrapper = foo()
          self.assertIsInstance(wrapper, types._GeneratorWrapper)
          self.assertIs(wrapper.__await__(), gen)
  
          for name in ('__name__', '__qualname__', 'gi_code',
                       'gi_running', 'gi_frame'):
              self.assertIs(getattr(foo(), name),
                            getattr(gen, name))
          self.assertIs(foo().cr_code, gen.gi_code)
  
          self.assertEqual(next(wrapper), 1)
          self.assertEqual(wrapper.send(None), 2)
          with self.assertRaisesRegex(StopIteration, 'spam'):
              wrapper.send('spam')
  
          gen = gen_func()
          wrapper = foo()
          wrapper.send(None)
          with self.assertRaisesRegex(Exception, 'ham'):
              wrapper.throw(Exception, Exception('ham'))
  
          # decorate foo second time
          foo = types.coroutine(foo)
          self.assertIs(foo().__await__(), gen)
  
      def test_returning_itercoro(self):
          @types.coroutine
          def gen():
              yield
  
          gencoro = gen()
  
          @types.coroutine
          def foo():
              return gencoro
  
          self.assertIs(foo(), gencoro)
  
          # decorate foo second time
          foo = types.coroutine(foo)
          self.assertIs(foo(), gencoro)
  
      def test_genfunc(self):
          def gen(): yield
          self.assertIs(types.coroutine(gen), gen)
          self.assertIs(types.coroutine(types.coroutine(gen)), gen)
  
          self.assertTrue(gen.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE)
          self.assertFalse(gen.__code__.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)
  
          g = gen()
          self.assertTrue(g.gi_code.co_flags & inspect.CO_ITERABLE_COROUTINE)
          self.assertFalse(g.gi_code.co_flags & inspect.CO_COROUTINE)
  
          self.assertIs(types.coroutine(gen), gen)
  
      def test_wrapper_object(self):
          def gen():
              yield
          @types.coroutine
          def coro():
              return gen()
  
          wrapper = coro()
          self.assertIn('GeneratorWrapper', repr(wrapper))
          self.assertEqual(repr(wrapper), str(wrapper))
          self.assertTrue(set(dir(wrapper)).issuperset({
              '__await__', '__iter__', '__next__', 'cr_code', 'cr_running',
              'cr_frame', 'gi_code', 'gi_frame', 'gi_running', 'send',
              'close', 'throw'}))
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      unittest.main()
  