text: /*
   * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
   *
   * i3 - an improved dynamic tiling window manager
   * © 2009 Michael Stapelberg and contributors (see also: LICENSE)
   *
   * manage.c: Initially managing new windows (or existing ones on restart).
   *
   */
  #include "all.h"
  
  /*
   * Match frame and window depth. This is needed because X will refuse to reparent a
   * window whose background is ParentRelative under a window with a different depth.
   *
   */
  static xcb_window_t _match_depth(i3Window *win, Con *con) {
      xcb_window_t old_frame = XCB_NONE;
      if (con->depth != win->depth) {
          old_frame = con->frame.id;
          con->depth = win->depth;
          x_con_reframe(con);
      }
      return old_frame;
  }
  
  /*
   * Remove all match criteria, the first swallowed window wins.
   *
   */
  static void _remove_matches(Con *con) {
      while (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(con->swallow_head))) {
          Match *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(con->swallow_head));
          TAILQ_REMOVE(&(con->swallow_head), first, matches);
          match_free(first);
          free(first);
      }
  }
  
  /*
   * Go through all existing windows (if the window manager is restarted) and manage them
   *
   */
  void manage_existing_windows(xcb_window_t root) {
      xcb_query_tree_reply_t *reply;
      int i, len;
      xcb_window_t *children;
      xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t *cookies;
  
      /* Get the tree of windows whose parent is the root window (= all) */
      if ((reply = xcb_query_tree_reply(conn, xcb_query_tree(conn, root), 0)) == NULL)
          return;
  
      len = xcb_query_tree_children_length(reply);
      cookies = smalloc(len * sizeof(*cookies));
  
      /* Request the window attributes for every window */
      children = xcb_query_tree_children(reply);
      for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
          cookies[i] = xcb_get_window_attributes(conn, children[i]);
  
      /* Call manage_window with the attributes for every window */
      for (i = 0; i < len; ++i)
          manage_window(children[i], cookies[i], true);
  
      free(reply);
      free(cookies);
  }
  
  /*
   * Restores the geometry of each window by reparenting it to the root window
   * at the position of its frame.
   *
   * This is to be called *only* before exiting/restarting i3 because of evil
   * side-effects which are to be expected when continuing to run i3.
   *
   */
  void restore_geometry(void) {
      DLOG("Restoring geometry\n");
  
      Con *con;
      TAILQ_FOREACH (con, &all_cons, all_cons) {
          if (con->window) {
              DLOG("Re-adding X11 border of %d px\n", con->border_width);
              con->window_rect.width += (2 * con->border_width);
              con->window_rect.height += (2 * con->border_width);
              xcb_set_window_rect(conn, con->window->id, con->window_rect);
              DLOG("placing window %08x at %d %d\n", con->window->id, con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
              xcb_reparent_window(conn, con->window->id, root,
                                  con->rect.x, con->rect.y);
          }
      }
  
      /* Strictly speaking, this line doesn’t really belong here, but since we
       * are syncing, let’s un-register as a window manager first */
      xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, root, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, (uint32_t[]){XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT});
  
      /* Make sure our changes reach the X server, we restart/exit now */
      xcb_aux_sync(conn);
  }
  
  /*
   * Do some sanity checks and then reparent the window.
   *
   */
  void manage_window(xcb_window_t window, xcb_get_window_attributes_cookie_t cookie,
                     bool needs_to_be_mapped) {
      DLOG("window 0x%08x\n", window);
  
      xcb_drawable_t d = {window};
      xcb_get_geometry_cookie_t geomc;
      xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geom;
      xcb_get_window_attributes_reply_t *attr = NULL;
  
      xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_type_cookie, strut_cookie, state_cookie,
          utf8_title_cookie, title_cookie,
          class_cookie, leader_cookie, transient_cookie,
          role_cookie, startup_id_cookie, wm_hints_cookie,
          wm_normal_hints_cookie, motif_wm_hints_cookie, wm_user_time_cookie, wm_desktop_cookie;
  
      xcb_get_property_cookie_t wm_icon_cookie;
  
      geomc = xcb_get_geometry(conn, d);
  
      /* Check if the window is mapped (it could be not mapped when intializing and
         calling manage_window() for every window) */
      if ((attr = xcb_get_window_attributes_reply(conn, cookie, 0)) == NULL) {
          DLOG("Could not get attributes\n");
          xcb_discard_reply(conn, geomc.sequence);
          return;
      }
  
      if (needs_to_be_mapped && attr->map_state != XCB_MAP_STATE_VIEWABLE) {
          xcb_discard_reply(conn, geomc.sequence);
          goto out;
      }
  
      /* Don’t manage clients with the override_redirect flag */
      if (attr->override_redirect) {
          xcb_discard_reply(conn, geomc.sequence);
          goto out;
      }
  
      /* Check if the window is already managed */
      if (con_by_window_id(window) != NULL) {
          DLOG("already managed (by con %p)\n", con_by_window_id(window));
          xcb_discard_reply(conn, geomc.sequence);
          goto out;
      }
  
      /* Get the initial geometry (position, size, …) */
      if ((geom = xcb_get_geometry_reply(conn, geomc, 0)) == NULL) {
          DLOG("could not get geometry\n");
          goto out;
      }
  
      uint32_t values[1];
  
      /* Set a temporary event mask for the new window, consisting only of
       * PropertyChange and StructureNotify. We need to be notified of
       * PropertyChanges because the client can change its properties *after* we
       * requested them but *before* we actually reparented it and have set our
       * final event mask.
       * We need StructureNotify because the client may unmap the window before
       * we get to re-parent it.
       * If this request fails, we assume the client has already unmapped the
       * window between the MapRequest and our event mask change. */
      values[0] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_PROPERTY_CHANGE |
                  XCB_EVENT_MASK_STRUCTURE_NOTIFY;
      xcb_void_cookie_t event_mask_cookie =
          xcb_change_window_attributes_checked(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
      if (xcb_request_check(conn, event_mask_cookie) != NULL) {
          LOG("Could not change event mask, the window probably already disappeared.\n");
          goto out;
      }
  
  #define GET_PROPERTY(atom, len) xcb_get_property(conn, false, window, atom, XCB_GET_PROPERTY_TYPE_ANY, 0, len)
  
      wm_type_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE, UINT32_MAX);
      strut_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL, UINT32_MAX);
      state_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_STATE, UINT32_MAX);
      utf8_title_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_NAME, 128);
      leader_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A_WM_CLIENT_LEADER, UINT32_MAX);
      transient_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR, UINT32_MAX);
      title_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_NAME, 128);
      class_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(XCB_ATOM_WM_CLASS, 128);
      role_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A_WM_WINDOW_ROLE, 128);
      startup_id_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_STARTUP_ID, 512);
      wm_hints_cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_hints(conn, window);
      wm_normal_hints_cookie = xcb_icccm_get_wm_normal_hints(conn, window);
      motif_wm_hints_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__MOTIF_WM_HINTS, 5 * sizeof(uint64_t));
      wm_user_time_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_USER_TIME, UINT32_MAX);
      wm_desktop_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_DESKTOP, UINT32_MAX);
      wm_icon_cookie = GET_PROPERTY(A__NET_WM_ICON, UINT32_MAX);
  
      i3Window *cwindow = scalloc(1, sizeof(i3Window));
      cwindow->id = window;
      cwindow->depth = get_visual_depth(attr->visual);
  
      int *buttons = bindings_get_buttons_to_grab();
      xcb_grab_buttons(conn, window, buttons);
      FREE(buttons);
  
      /* update as much information as possible so far (some replies may be NULL) */
      window_update_class(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, class_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_name_legacy(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, title_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_name(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, utf8_title_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_icon(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_icon_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_leader(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, leader_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_transient_for(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, transient_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_strut_partial(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, strut_cookie, NULL));
      window_update_role(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, role_cookie, NULL));
      bool urgency_hint;
      window_update_hints(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_hints_cookie, NULL), &urgency_hint);
      border_style_t motif_border_style = BS_NORMAL;
      window_update_motif_hints(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, motif_wm_hints_cookie, NULL), &motif_border_style);
      window_update_normal_hints(cwindow, xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_normal_hints_cookie, NULL), geom);
      xcb_get_property_reply_t *type_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_type_cookie, NULL);
      xcb_get_property_reply_t *state_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, state_cookie, NULL);
  
      xcb_get_property_reply_t *startup_id_reply;
      startup_id_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, startup_id_cookie, NULL);
      char *startup_ws = startup_workspace_for_window(cwindow, startup_id_reply);
      DLOG("startup workspace = %s\n", startup_ws);
  
      /* Get _NET_WM_DESKTOP if it was set. */
      xcb_get_property_reply_t *wm_desktop_reply;
      wm_desktop_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_desktop_cookie, NULL);
      cwindow->wm_desktop = NET_WM_DESKTOP_NONE;
      if (wm_desktop_reply != NULL && xcb_get_property_value_length(wm_desktop_reply) != 0) {
          uint32_t *wm_desktops = xcb_get_property_value(wm_desktop_reply);
          cwindow->wm_desktop = (int32_t)wm_desktops[0];
      }
      FREE(wm_desktop_reply);
  
      /* check if the window needs WM_TAKE_FOCUS */
      cwindow->needs_take_focus = window_supports_protocol(cwindow->id, A_WM_TAKE_FOCUS);
  
      /* read the preferred _NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE atom */
      cwindow->window_type = xcb_get_preferred_window_type(type_reply);
  
      /* Where to start searching for a container that swallows the new one? */
      Con *search_at = croot;
  
      if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(type_reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DOCK)) {
          LOG("This window is of type dock\n");
          Output *output = get_output_containing(geom->x, geom->y);
          if (output != NULL) {
              DLOG("Starting search at output %s\n", output_primary_name(output));
              search_at = output->con;
          }
  
          /* find out the desired position of this dock window */
          if (cwindow->reserved.top > 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom == 0) {
              DLOG("Top dock client\n");
              cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
          } else if (cwindow->reserved.top == 0 && cwindow->reserved.bottom > 0) {
              DLOG("Bottom dock client\n");
              cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
          } else {
              DLOG("Ignoring invalid reserved edges (_NET_WM_STRUT_PARTIAL), using position as fallback:\n");
              if (geom->y < (int16_t)(search_at->rect.height / 2)) {
                  DLOG("geom->y = %d < rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a top dock client\n",
                       geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
                  cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_TOP;
              } else {
                  DLOG("geom->y = %d >= rect.height / 2 = %d, it is a bottom dock client\n",
                       geom->y, (search_at->rect.height / 2));
                  cwindow->dock = W_DOCK_BOTTOM;
              }
          }
      }
  
      DLOG("Initial geometry: (%d, %d, %d, %d)\n", geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height);
  
      /* See if any container swallows this new window */
      Match *match = NULL;
      Con *nc = con_for_window(search_at, cwindow, &match);
      const bool match_from_restart_mode = (match && match->restart_mode);
      if (nc == NULL) {
          Con *wm_desktop_ws = NULL;
          Assignment *assignment;
  
          /* If not, check if it is assigned to a specific workspace */
          if ((assignment = assignment_for(cwindow, A_TO_WORKSPACE)) ||
              (assignment = assignment_for(cwindow, A_TO_WORKSPACE_NUMBER))) {
              DLOG("Assignment matches (%p)\n", match);
  
              Con *assigned_ws = NULL;
              if (assignment->type == A_TO_WORKSPACE_NUMBER) {
                  long parsed_num = ws_name_to_number(assignment->dest.workspace);
  
                  assigned_ws = get_existing_workspace_by_num(parsed_num);
              }
              /* A_TO_WORKSPACE type assignment or fallback from A_TO_WORKSPACE_NUMBER
               * when the target workspace number does not exist yet. */
              if (!assigned_ws) {
                  assigned_ws = workspace_get(assignment->dest.workspace, NULL);
              }
  
              nc = con_descend_tiling_focused(assigned_ws);
              DLOG("focused on ws %s: %p / %s\n", assigned_ws->name, nc, nc->name);
              if (nc->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
              else
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent, cwindow);
  
              /* set the urgency hint on the window if the workspace is not visible */
              if (!workspace_is_visible(assigned_ws))
                  urgency_hint = true;
          } else if (cwindow->wm_desktop != NET_WM_DESKTOP_NONE &&
                     cwindow->wm_desktop != NET_WM_DESKTOP_ALL &&
                     (wm_desktop_ws = ewmh_get_workspace_by_index(cwindow->wm_desktop)) != NULL) {
              /* If _NET_WM_DESKTOP is set to a specific desktop, we open it
               * there. Note that we ignore the special value 0xFFFFFFFF here
               * since such a window will be made sticky anyway. */
  
              DLOG("Using workspace %p / %s because _NET_WM_DESKTOP = %d.\n",
                   wm_desktop_ws, wm_desktop_ws->name, cwindow->wm_desktop);
  
              nc = con_descend_tiling_focused(wm_desktop_ws);
              if (nc->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
              else
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent, cwindow);
          } else if (startup_ws) {
              /* If it was started on a specific workspace, we want to open it there. */
              DLOG("Using workspace on which this application was started (%s)\n", startup_ws);
              nc = con_descend_tiling_focused(workspace_get(startup_ws, NULL));
              DLOG("focused on ws %s: %p / %s\n", startup_ws, nc, nc->name);
              if (nc->type == CT_WORKSPACE)
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
              else
                  nc = tree_open_con(nc->parent, cwindow);
          } else {
              /* If not, insert it at the currently focused position */
              if (focused->type == CT_CON && con_accepts_window(focused)) {
                  LOG("using current container, focused = %p, focused->name = %s\n",
                      focused, focused->name);
                  nc = focused;
              } else
                  nc = tree_open_con(NULL, cwindow);
          }
  
          if ((assignment = assignment_for(cwindow, A_TO_OUTPUT))) {
              con_move_to_output_name(nc, assignment->dest.output, true);
          }
      } else {
          /* M_BELOW inserts the new window as a child of the one which was
           * matched (e.g. dock areas) */
          if (match != NULL && match->insert_where == M_BELOW) {
              nc = tree_open_con(nc, cwindow);
          }
  
          /* If M_BELOW is not used, the container is replaced. This happens with
           * "swallows" criteria that are used for stored layouts, in which case
           * we need to remove that criterion, because they should only be valid
           * once. */
          if (match != NULL && match->insert_where != M_BELOW) {
              DLOG("Removing match %p from container %p\n", match, nc);
              TAILQ_REMOVE(&(nc->swallow_head), match, matches);
              match_free(match);
              FREE(match);
          }
      }
  
      DLOG("new container = %p\n", nc);
      if (nc->window != NULL && nc->window != cwindow) {
          if (!restore_kill_placeholder(nc->window->id)) {
              DLOG("Uh?! Container without a placeholder, but with a window, has swallowed this to-be-managed window?!\n");
          } else {
              /* Remove remaining criteria, the first swallowed window wins. */
              _remove_matches(nc);
          }
      }
      xcb_window_t old_frame = XCB_NONE;
      if (nc->window != cwindow && nc->window != NULL) {
          window_free(nc->window);
          old_frame = _match_depth(cwindow, nc);
      }
      nc->window = cwindow;
      x_reinit(nc);
  
      nc->border_width = geom->border_width;
  
      char *name;
      sasprintf(&name, "[i3 con] container around %p", cwindow);
      x_set_name(nc, name);
      free(name);
  
      /* handle fullscreen containers */
      Con *ws = con_get_workspace(nc);
      Con *fs = con_get_fullscreen_covering_ws(ws);
  
      if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(state_reply, A__NET_WM_STATE_FULLSCREEN)) {
          /* If this window is already fullscreen (after restarting!), skip
           * toggling fullscreen, that would drop it out of fullscreen mode. */
          if (fs != nc) {
              Output *output = get_output_with_dimensions((Rect){geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height});
              /* If the requested window geometry spans the whole area
               * of an output, move the window to that output. This is
               * needed e.g. for LibreOffice Impress multi-monitor
               * presentations to work out of the box. */
              if (output != NULL)
                  con_move_to_output(nc, output, false);
              con_toggle_fullscreen(nc, CF_OUTPUT);
          }
          fs = NULL;
      }
  
      bool set_focus = false;
  
      if (fs == NULL) {
          DLOG("Not in fullscreen mode, focusing\n");
          if (!cwindow->dock) {
              /* Check that the workspace is visible and on the same output as
               * the current focused container. If the window was assigned to an
               * invisible workspace, we should not steal focus. */
              Con *current_output = con_get_output(focused);
              Con *target_output = con_get_output(ws);
  
              if (workspace_is_visible(ws) && current_output == target_output) {
                  if (!match_from_restart_mode) {
                      set_focus = true;
                  } else {
                      DLOG("not focusing, matched with restart_mode == true\n");
                  }
              } else {
                  DLOG("workspace not visible, not focusing\n");
              }
          } else {
              DLOG("dock, not focusing\n");
          }
      } else {
          DLOG("fs = %p, ws = %p, not focusing\n", fs, ws);
          /* Insert the new container in focus stack *after* the currently
           * focused (fullscreen) con. This way, the new container will be
           * focused after we return from fullscreen mode */
          Con *first = TAILQ_FIRST(&(nc->parent->focus_head));
          if (first != nc) {
              /* We only modify the focus stack if the container is not already
               * the first one. This can happen when existing containers swallow
               * new windows, for example when restarting. */
              TAILQ_REMOVE(&(nc->parent->focus_head), nc, focused);
              TAILQ_INSERT_AFTER(&(nc->parent->focus_head), first, nc, focused);
          }
      }
  
      /* set floating if necessary */
      bool want_floating = false;
      if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(type_reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG) ||
          xcb_reply_contains_atom(type_reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_UTILITY) ||
          xcb_reply_contains_atom(type_reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_TOOLBAR) ||
          xcb_reply_contains_atom(type_reply, A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_SPLASH) ||
          xcb_reply_contains_atom(state_reply, A__NET_WM_STATE_MODAL) ||
          (cwindow->max_width > 0 && cwindow->max_height > 0 &&
           cwindow->min_height == cwindow->max_height &&
           cwindow->min_width == cwindow->max_width)) {
          LOG("This window is a dialog window, setting floating\n");
          want_floating = true;
      }
  
      if (xcb_reply_contains_atom(state_reply, A__NET_WM_STATE_STICKY))
          nc->sticky = true;
  
      /* We ignore the hint for an internal workspace because windows in the
       * scratchpad also have this value, but upon restarting i3 we don't want
       * them to become sticky windows. */
      if (cwindow->wm_desktop == NET_WM_DESKTOP_ALL && (ws == NULL || !con_is_internal(ws))) {
          DLOG("This window has _NET_WM_DESKTOP = 0xFFFFFFFF. Will float it and make it sticky.\n");
          nc->sticky = true;
          want_floating = true;
      }
  
      FREE(state_reply);
      FREE(type_reply);
  
      if (cwindow->transient_for != XCB_NONE ||
          (cwindow->leader != XCB_NONE &&
           cwindow->leader != cwindow->id &&
           con_by_window_id(cwindow->leader) != NULL)) {
          LOG("This window is transient for another window, setting floating\n");
          want_floating = true;
  
          if (config.popup_during_fullscreen == PDF_LEAVE_FULLSCREEN &&
              fs != NULL) {
              LOG("There is a fullscreen window, leaving fullscreen mode\n");
              con_toggle_fullscreen(fs, CF_OUTPUT);
          } else if (config.popup_during_fullscreen == PDF_SMART &&
                     fs != NULL &&
                     fs->window != NULL) {
              i3Window *transient_win = cwindow;
              while (transient_win != NULL &&
                     transient_win->transient_for != XCB_NONE) {
                  if (transient_win->transient_for == fs->window->id) {
                      LOG("This floating window belongs to the fullscreen window (popup_during_fullscreen == smart)\n");
                      set_focus = true;
                      break;
                  }
                  Con *next_transient = con_by_window_id(transient_win->transient_for);
                  if (next_transient == NULL)
                      break;
                  /* Some clients (e.g. x11-ssh-askpass) actually set
                   * WM_TRANSIENT_FOR to their own window id, so break instead of
                   * looping endlessly. */
                  if (transient_win == next_transient->window)
                      break;
                  transient_win = next_transient->window;
              }
          }
      }
  
      /* dock clients cannot be floating, that makes no sense */
      if (cwindow->dock)
          want_floating = false;
  
      /* Store the requested geometry. The width/height gets raised to at least
       * 75x50 when entering floating mode, which is the minimum size for a
       * window to be useful (smaller windows are usually overlays/toolbars/…
       * which are not managed by the wm anyways). We store the original geometry
       * here because it’s used for dock clients. */
      if (nc->geometry.width == 0)
          nc->geometry = (Rect){geom->x, geom->y, geom->width, geom->height};
  
      if (motif_border_style != BS_NORMAL) {
          DLOG("MOTIF_WM_HINTS specifies decorations (border_style = %d)\n", motif_border_style);
          if (want_floating) {
              con_set_border_style(nc, motif_border_style, config.default_floating_border_width);
          } else {
              con_set_border_style(nc, motif_border_style, config.default_border_width);
          }
      }
  
      if (want_floating) {
          DLOG("geometry = %d x %d\n", nc->geometry.width, nc->geometry.height);
          /* automatically set the border to the default value if a motif border
           * was not specified */
          bool automatic_border = (motif_border_style == BS_NORMAL);
  
          if (floating_enable(nc, automatic_border)) {
              nc->floating = FLOATING_AUTO_ON;
          }
      }
  
      /* explicitly set the border width to the default */
      if (nc->current_border_width == -1) {
          nc->current_border_width = (want_floating ? config.default_floating_border_width : config.default_border_width);
      }
  
      /* to avoid getting an UnmapNotify event due to reparenting, we temporarily
       * declare no interest in any state change event of this window */
      values[0] = XCB_NONE;
      xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
  
      xcb_void_cookie_t rcookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, window, nc->frame.id, 0, 0);
      if (xcb_request_check(conn, rcookie) != NULL) {
          LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting\n");
          goto geom_out;
      }
  
      values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;
      xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);
      xcb_flush(conn);
  
      /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or
       * normal exit does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will
       * be correctly reparented to their most closest living ancestor (=
       * cleanup) */
      xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, window);
  
      if (shape_supported) {
          /* Receive ShapeNotify events whenever the client altered its window
           * shape. */
          xcb_shape_select_input(conn, window, true);
  
          /* Check if the window is shaped. Sadly, we can check only for the
           * bounding shape, not for the input shape. */
          xcb_shape_query_extents_cookie_t cookie =
              xcb_shape_query_extents(conn, window);
          xcb_shape_query_extents_reply_t *reply =
              xcb_shape_query_extents_reply(conn, cookie, NULL);
          if (reply != NULL && reply->bounding_shaped) {
              cwindow->shaped = true;
          }
          FREE(reply);
      }
  
      /* Check if any assignments match */
      run_assignments(cwindow);
  
      /* 'ws' may be invalid because of the assignments, e.g. when the user uses
       * "move window to workspace 1", but had it assigned to workspace 2. */
      ws = con_get_workspace(nc);
  
      /* If this window was put onto an invisible workspace (via assignments), we
       * render this workspace. It wouldn’t be rendered in our normal code path
       * because only the visible workspaces get rendered.
       *
       * By rendering the workspace, we assign proper coordinates (read: not
       * width=0, height=0) to the window, which is important for windows who
       * actually use them to position their GUI elements, e.g. rhythmbox. */
      if (ws && !workspace_is_visible(ws)) {
          /* This is a bit hackish: we need to copy the content container’s rect
           * to the workspace, because calling render_con() on the content
           * container would also take the shortcut and not render the invisible
           * workspace at all. However, just calling render_con() on the
           * workspace isn’t enough either — it needs the rect. */
          ws->rect = ws->parent->rect;
          render_con(ws);
          /* Disable setting focus, otherwise we’d move focus to an invisible
           * workspace, which we generally prevent (e.g. in
           * con_move_to_workspace). */
          set_focus = false;
      }
      render_con(croot);
  
      cwindow->managed_since = time(NULL);
  
      /* Send an event about window creation */
      ipc_send_window_event("new", nc);
  
      if (set_focus && assignment_for(cwindow, A_NO_FOCUS) != NULL) {
          /* The first window on a workspace should always be focused. We have to
           * compare with == 1 because the container has already been inserted at
           * this point. */
          if (con_num_windows(ws) == 1) {
              DLOG("This is the first window on this workspace, ignoring no_focus.\n");
          } else {
              DLOG("no_focus was set for con = %p, not setting focus.\n", nc);
              set_focus = false;
          }
      }
  
      if (set_focus) {
          DLOG("Checking con = %p for _NET_WM_USER_TIME.\n", nc);
  
          uint32_t *wm_user_time;
          xcb_get_property_reply_t *wm_user_time_reply = xcb_get_property_reply(conn, wm_user_time_cookie, NULL);
          if (wm_user_time_reply != NULL && xcb_get_property_value_length(wm_user_time_reply) != 0 &&
              (wm_user_time = xcb_get_property_value(wm_user_time_reply)) &&
              wm_user_time[0] == 0) {
              DLOG("_NET_WM_USER_TIME set to 0, not focusing con = %p.\n", nc);
              set_focus = false;
          }
  
          FREE(wm_user_time_reply);
      } else {
          xcb_discard_reply(conn, wm_user_time_cookie.sequence);
      }
  
      if (set_focus) {
          /* Even if the client doesn't want focus, we still need to focus the
           * container to not break focus workflows. Our handling towards X will
           * take care of not setting the input focus. However, one exception to
           * this are clients using the globally active input model which we
           * don't want to focus at all. */
          if (nc->window->doesnt_accept_focus && !nc->window->needs_take_focus) {
              set_focus = false;
          }
      }
  
      /* Defer setting focus after the 'new' event has been sent to ensure the
       * proper window event sequence. */
      if (set_focus && nc->mapped) {
          DLOG("Now setting focus.\n");
          con_activate(nc);
      }
  
      tree_render();
  
      /* Destroy the old frame if we had to reframe the container. This needs to be done
       * after rendering in order to prevent the background from flickering in its place. */
      if (old_frame != XCB_NONE) {
          xcb_destroy_window(conn, old_frame);
      }
  
      /* Windows might get managed with the urgency hint already set (Pidgin is
       * known to do that), so check for that and handle the hint accordingly.
       * This code needs to be in this part of manage_window() because the window
       * needs to be on the final workspace first. */
      con_set_urgency(nc, urgency_hint);
  
      /* Update _NET_WM_DESKTOP. We invalidate the cached value first to force an update. */
      cwindow->wm_desktop = NET_WM_DESKTOP_NONE;
      ewmh_update_wm_desktop();
  
      /* If a sticky window was mapped onto another workspace, make sure to pop it to the front. */
      output_push_sticky_windows(focused);
  
  geom_out:
      free(geom);
  out:
      free(attr);
  }
  
  /*
   * Remanages a window: performs a swallow check and runs assignments.
   * Returns con for the window regardless if it updated.
   *
   */
  Con *remanage_window(Con *con) {
      Match *match;
      Con *nc = con_for_window(croot, con->window, &match);
      if (nc == NULL || nc->window == NULL || nc->window == con->window) {
          run_assignments(con->window);
          return con;
      }
      /* Make sure the placeholder that wants to swallow this window didn't spawn
       * after the window to follow current behavior: adding a placeholder won't
       * swallow windows currently managed. */
      if (nc->window->managed_since > con->window->managed_since) {
          run_assignments(con->window);
          return con;
      }
  
      if (!restore_kill_placeholder(nc->window->id)) {
          DLOG("Uh?! Container without a placeholder, but with a window, has swallowed this managed window?!\n");
      } else {
          _remove_matches(nc);
      }
      window_free(nc->window);
  
      xcb_window_t old_frame = _match_depth(con->window, nc);
  
      x_reparent_child(nc, con);
  
      bool moved_workpaces = (con_get_workspace(nc) != con_get_workspace(con));
  
      con_merge_into(con, nc);
  
      /* Destroy the old frame if we had to reframe the container. This needs to be done
       * after rendering in order to prevent the background from flickering in its place. */
      if (old_frame != XCB_NONE) {
          xcb_destroy_window(conn, old_frame);
      }
  
      run_assignments(nc->window);
  
      if (moved_workpaces) {
          /* If the window is associated with a startup sequence, delete it so
           * child windows won't be created on the old workspace. */
          startup_sequence_delete_by_window(nc->window);
  
          ewmh_update_wm_desktop();
      }
  
      return nc;
  }
  