text: /*!
   * @file n_cjson.c
   *
   * Written by Ray Ozzie and Blues Inc. team.
   *
   * Portions Copyright (c) 2019 Blues Inc. MIT License. Use of this source code is
   * governed by licenses granted by the copyright holder including that found in
   * the
   * <a href="https://github.com/blues/note-c/blob/master/LICENSE">LICENSE</a>
   * file.
   *
   * MODIFIED for use in notecard primarily by altering default memory allocator
   * and by renaming the functions so that they won't conflict with a developer's
   * own decision to incorporate the actual production cJSON into their own app.
   * In no way shall this interfere with a production cJSON.
   *
   * Renaming was done as follows:
   * CJSON_ -> N_CJSON_
   * cJSON_ -> J
   * cJSON -> J
   *
   * Portions Copyright (c) 2009-2017 Dave Gamble and cJSON contributors
   *
   * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
   * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software i
   * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
   *
   * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
   * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
   *
   * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
   * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
   * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
   * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
   * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
   * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
   * THE SOFTWARE.
   */
  
  /* disable warnings about old C89 functions in MSVC */
  #if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE) && defined(_MSC_VER)
  #define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __GNUC__
  #pragma GCC visibility push(default)
  #endif
  #if defined(_MSC_VER)
  #pragma warning (push)
  /* disable warning about single line comments in system headers */
  #pragma warning (disable : 4001)
  #endif
  
  #include <string.h>
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <math.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <limits.h>
  #include <ctype.h>
  
  // For Note, disable dependencies
  #undef ENABLE_LOCALES 
  #define MINIMIZE_CLIB_DEPENDENCIES      1       // Use tiny but non-robust versions of conversions
  
  #include "n_lib.h"
  
  #define STRINGIFY(x) STRINGIFY_(x)
  #define STRINGIFY_(x) #x
  
  #ifdef ENABLE_LOCALES
  #include <locale.h>
  #endif
  
  #if defined(_MSC_VER)
  #pragma warning (pop)
  #endif
  #ifdef __GNUC__
  #pragma GCC visibility pop
  #endif
  
  typedef struct {
      const unsigned char *json;
      size_t position;
  } error;
  static error global_error = { NULL, 0 };
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(const char *) JGetErrorPtr(void)
  {
      return (const char*) (global_error.json + global_error.position);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(char *) JGetStringValue(J *item) {
      if (!JIsString(item)) {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return item->valuestring;
  }
  
  /* This is a safeguard to prevent copy-pasters from using incompatible C and header files */
  #if (N_CJSON_VERSION_MAJOR != 1) || (N_CJSON_VERSION_MINOR != 7) || (N_CJSON_VERSION_PATCH != 7)
      #error J.h and J.c have different versions. Make sure that both have the same.
  #endif
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(const char*) JVersion(void)
  {
      return STRINGIFY(N_CJSON_VERSION_MAJOR) "." STRINGIFY(N_CJSON_VERSION_MINOR) "." STRINGIFY(N_CJSON_VERSION_PATCH);
  }
  
  /* Case insensitive string comparison, doesn't consider two NULL pointers equal though */
  static int case_insensitive_strcmp(const unsigned char *string1, const unsigned char *string2)
  {
      if ((string1 == NULL) || (string2 == NULL))
      {
          return 1;
      }
  
      if (string1 == string2)
      {
          return 0;
      }
  
      for(; tolower(*string1) == tolower(*string2); (void)string1++, string2++)
      {
          if (*string1 == '\0')
          {
              return 0;
          }
      }
  
      return tolower(*string1) - tolower(*string2);
  }
  
  static unsigned char* Jstrdup(const unsigned char* string)
  {
      size_t length = 0;
      unsigned char *copy = NULL;
  
      if (string == NULL)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      length = strlen((const char*)string) + sizeof("");
      copy = (unsigned char*)_Malloc(length);
      if (copy == NULL)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
      memcpy(copy, string, length);
  
      return copy;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void *) JMalloc(size_t size) {
      return _Malloc(size);
  }
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JFree(void *p) {
      _Free(p);
  }
  
  /* Internal constructor. */
  static J *JNew_Item()
  {
      J* node = (J*)_Malloc(sizeof(J));
      if (node)
      {
          memset(node, '\0', sizeof(J));
      }
  
      return node;
  }
  
  /* Delete a J structure. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JDelete(J *item)
  {
      J *next = NULL;
      while (item != NULL)
      {
          next = item->next;
          if (!(item->type & JIsReference) && (item->child != NULL))
          {
              JDelete(item->child);
          }
          if (!(item->type & JIsReference) && (item->valuestring != NULL))
          {
              _Free(item->valuestring);
          }
          if (!(item->type & JStringIsConst) && (item->string != NULL))
          {
              _Free(item->string);
          }
          _Free(item);
          item = next;
      }
  }
  
  /* get the decimal point character of the current locale */
  static unsigned char get_decimal_point(void)
  {
  #ifdef ENABLE_LOCALES
      struct lconv *lconv = localeconv();
      return (unsigned char) lconv->decimal_point[0];
  #else
      return '.';
  #endif
  }
  
  typedef struct
  {
      const unsigned char *content;
      size_t length;
      size_t offset;
      size_t depth; /* How deeply nested (in arrays/objects) is the input at the current offset. */
  } parse_buffer;
  
  /* check if the given size is left to read in a given parse buffer (starting with 1) */
  #define can_read(buffer, size) ((buffer != NULL) && (((buffer)->offset + size) <= (buffer)->length))
  /* check if the buffer can be accessed at the given index (starting with 0) */
  #define can_access_at_index(buffer, index) ((buffer != NULL) && (((buffer)->offset + index) < (buffer)->length))
  #define cannot_access_at_index(buffer, index) (!can_access_at_index(buffer, index))
  /* get a pointer to the buffer at the position */
  #define buffer_at_offset(buffer) ((buffer)->content + (buffer)->offset)
  
  /* Parse the input text to generate a number, and populate the result into item. */
  static Jbool parse_number(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer)
  {
      JNUMBER number = 0;
      unsigned char *after_end = NULL;
      unsigned char number_c_string[64];
      unsigned char decimal_point = get_decimal_point();
      size_t i = 0;
  
      if ((input_buffer == NULL) || (input_buffer->content == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* copy the number into a temporary buffer and replace '.' with the decimal point
       * of the current locale (for strtod)
       * This also takes care of '\0' not necessarily being available for marking the end of the input */
      for (i = 0; (i < (sizeof(number_c_string) - 1)) && can_access_at_index(input_buffer, i); i++)
      {
          switch (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[i])
          {
              case '0':
              case '1':
              case '2':
              case '3':
              case '4':
              case '5':
              case '6':
              case '7':
              case '8':
              case '9':
              case '+':
              case '-':
              case 'e':
              case 'E':
                  number_c_string[i] = buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[i];
                  break;
  
              case '.':
                  number_c_string[i] = decimal_point;
                  break;
  
              default:
                  goto loop_end;
          }
      }
  loop_end:
      number_c_string[i] = '\0';
  
      /* some platforms may not have locale support */
  #if !MINIMIZE_CLIB_DEPENDENCIES
      number = strtod((const char*)number_c_string, (char**)&after_end);
  #else
      number = JAtoN((const char*)number_c_string, (char**)&after_end);
  #endif
      if (number_c_string == after_end)
      {
          return false; /* parse_error */
      }
  
      item->valuenumber = number;
  
      /* use saturation in case of overflow */
      if (number >= INT_MAX)
      {
          item->valueint = INT_MAX;
      }
      else if (number <= INT_MIN)
      {
          item->valueint = INT_MIN;
      }
      else
      {
          item->valueint = (int)number;
      }
  
      item->type = JNumber;
  
      input_buffer->offset += (size_t)(after_end - number_c_string);
      return true;
  }
  
  /* don't ask me, but the original JSetNumberValue returns an integer or JNUMBER */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(JNUMBER) JSetNumberHelper(J *object, JNUMBER number)
  {
      if (number >= INT_MAX)
      {
          object->valueint = INT_MAX;
      }
      else if (number <= INT_MIN)
      {
          object->valueint = INT_MIN;
      }
      else
      {
          object->valueint = (int)number;
      }
  
      return object->valuenumber = number;
  }
  
  typedef struct
  {
      unsigned char *buffer;
      size_t length;
      size_t offset;
      size_t depth; /* current nesting depth (for formatted printing) */
      Jbool noalloc;
      Jbool format; /* is this print a formatted print */
  } printbuffer;
  
  /* realloc printbuffer if necessary to have at least "needed" bytes more */
  static unsigned char* ensure(printbuffer * const p, size_t needed)
  {
      unsigned char *newbuffer = NULL;
      size_t newsize = 0;
  
      if ((p == NULL) || (p->buffer == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      if ((p->length > 0) && (p->offset >= p->length))
      {
          /* make sure that offset is valid */
          return NULL;
      }
  
      if (needed > INT_MAX)
      {
          /* sizes bigger than INT_MAX are currently not supported */
          return NULL;
      }
  
      needed += p->offset + 1;
      if (needed <= p->length)
      {
          return p->buffer + p->offset;
      }
  
      if (p->noalloc) {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      /* calculate new buffer size */
      if (needed > (INT_MAX / 2))
      {
          /* overflow of int, use INT_MAX if possible */
          if (needed <= INT_MAX)
          {
              newsize = INT_MAX;
          }
          else
          {
              return NULL;
          }
      }
      else
      {
          newsize = needed * 2;
      }
  
      /* otherwise reallocate manually */
      newbuffer = (unsigned char*)_Malloc(newsize);
      if (!newbuffer)
      {
          _Free(p->buffer);
          p->length = 0;
          p->buffer = NULL;
          return NULL;
      }
      if (newbuffer)
      {
          memcpy(newbuffer, p->buffer, p->offset + 1);
      }
      _Free(p->buffer);
  
      p->length = newsize;
      p->buffer = newbuffer;
  
      return newbuffer + p->offset;
  }
  
  /* calculate the new length of the string in a printbuffer and update the offset */
  static void update_offset(printbuffer * const buffer)
  {
      const unsigned char *buffer_pointer = NULL;
      if ((buffer == NULL) || (buffer->buffer == NULL))
      {
          return;
      }
      buffer_pointer = buffer->buffer + buffer->offset;
  
      buffer->offset += strlen((const char*)buffer_pointer);
  }
  
  /* Render the number nicely from the given item into a string. */
  static Jbool print_number(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer)
  {
      unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
      JNUMBER d = item->valuenumber;
      int length = 0;
      size_t i = 0;
      unsigned char number_buffer[26]; /* temporary buffer to print the number into */
      unsigned char decimal_point = get_decimal_point();
  
      if (output_buffer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* This checks for NaN and Infinity */
      if ((d * 0) != 0)
      {
          char *nbuf = (char *) number_buffer;
          strcpy(nbuf, "null");
          length = strlen(nbuf);
      }
      else
      {
  #if !MINIMIZE_CLIB_DEPENDENCIES
          JNUMBER test;
          /* Try 15 decimal places of precision to avoid nonsignificant nonzero digits */
          length = sprintf((char*)number_buffer, "%1.15g", d);
  
          /* Check whether the original double can be recovered */
          if ((sscanf((char*)number_buffer, "%lg", &test) != 1) || ((JNUMBER)test != d))
          {
              /* If not, print with 17 decimal places of precision */
              length = sprintf((char*)number_buffer, "%1.17g", d);
          }
  #else
          char *nbuf = (char *) number_buffer;
          JNtoA(d, nbuf, -1);
          length = strlen(nbuf);
  #endif
      }
  
      /* conversion failed or buffer overrun occured */
      if ((length < 0) || (length > (int)(sizeof(number_buffer) - 1)))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* reserve appropriate space in the output */
      output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, (size_t)length + sizeof(""));
      if (output_pointer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* copy the printed number to the output and replace locale
       * dependent decimal point with '.' */
      for (i = 0; i < ((size_t)length); i++)
      {
          if (number_buffer[i] == decimal_point)
          {
              output_pointer[i] = '.';
              continue;
          }
  
          output_pointer[i] = number_buffer[i];
      }
      output_pointer[i] = '\0';
  
      output_buffer->offset += (size_t)length;
  
      return true;
  }
  
  /* parse 4 digit hexadecimal number */
  static unsigned parse_hex4(const unsigned char * const input)
  {
      unsigned int h = 0;
      size_t i = 0;
  
      for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
      {
          /* parse digit */
          if ((input[i] >= '0') && (input[i] <= '9'))
          {
              h += (unsigned int) input[i] - '0';
          }
          else if ((input[i] >= 'A') && (input[i] <= 'F'))
          {
              h += (unsigned int) 10 + input[i] - 'A';
          }
          else if ((input[i] >= 'a') && (input[i] <= 'f'))
          {
              h += (unsigned int) 10 + input[i] - 'a';
          }
          else /* invalid */
          {
              return 0;
          }
  
          if (i < 3)
          {
              /* shift left to make place for the next nibble */
              h = h << 4;
          }
      }
  
      return h;
  }
  
  /* converts a UTF-16 literal to UTF-8
   * A literal can be one or two sequences of the form \uXXXX */
  static unsigned char utf16_literal_to_utf8(const unsigned char * const input_pointer, const unsigned char * const input_end, unsigned char **output_pointer)
  {
      long unsigned int codepoint = 0;
      unsigned int first_code = 0;
      const unsigned char *first_sequence = input_pointer;
      unsigned char utf8_length = 0;
      unsigned char utf8_position = 0;
      unsigned char sequence_length = 0;
      unsigned char first_byte_mark = 0;
  
      if ((input_end - first_sequence) < 6)
      {
          /* input ends unexpectedly */
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* get the first utf16 sequence */
      first_code = parse_hex4(first_sequence + 2);
  
      /* check that the code is valid */
      if (((first_code >= 0xDC00) && (first_code <= 0xDFFF)))
      {
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* UTF16 surrogate pair */
      if ((first_code >= 0xD800) && (first_code <= 0xDBFF))
      {
          const unsigned char *second_sequence = first_sequence + 6;
          unsigned int second_code = 0;
          sequence_length = 12; /* \uXXXX\uXXXX */
  
          if ((input_end - second_sequence) < 6)
          {
              /* input ends unexpectedly */
              goto fail;
          }
  
          if ((second_sequence[0] != '\\') || (second_sequence[1] != 'u'))
          {
              /* missing second half of the surrogate pair */
              goto fail;
          }
  
          /* get the second utf16 sequence */
          second_code = parse_hex4(second_sequence + 2);
          /* check that the code is valid */
          if ((second_code < 0xDC00) || (second_code > 0xDFFF))
          {
              /* invalid second half of the surrogate pair */
              goto fail;
          }
  
  
          /* calculate the unicode codepoint from the surrogate pair */
          codepoint = 0x10000 + (((first_code & 0x3FF) << 10) | (second_code & 0x3FF));
      }
      else
      {
          sequence_length = 6; /* \uXXXX */
          codepoint = first_code;
      }
  
      /* encode as UTF-8
       * takes at maximum 4 bytes to encode:
       * 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
      if (codepoint < 0x80)
      {
          /* normal ascii, encoding 0xxxxxxx */
          utf8_length = 1;
      }
      else if (codepoint < 0x800)
      {
          /* two bytes, encoding 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx */
          utf8_length = 2;
          first_byte_mark = 0xC0; /* 11000000 */
      }
      else if (codepoint < 0x10000)
      {
          /* three bytes, encoding 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
          utf8_length = 3;
          first_byte_mark = 0xE0; /* 11100000 */
      }
      else if (codepoint <= 0x10FFFF)
      {
          /* four bytes, encoding 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx */
          utf8_length = 4;
          first_byte_mark = 0xF0; /* 11110000 */
      }
      else
      {
          /* invalid unicode codepoint */
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* encode as utf8 */
      for (utf8_position = (unsigned char)(utf8_length - 1); utf8_position > 0; utf8_position--)
      {
          /* 10xxxxxx */
          (*output_pointer)[utf8_position] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | 0x80) & 0xBF);
          codepoint >>= 6;
      }
      /* encode first byte */
      if (utf8_length > 1)
      {
          (*output_pointer)[0] = (unsigned char)((codepoint | first_byte_mark) & 0xFF);
      }
      else
      {
          (*output_pointer)[0] = (unsigned char)(codepoint & 0x7F);
      }
  
      *output_pointer += utf8_length;
  
      return sequence_length;
  
  fail:
      return 0;
  }
  
  /* Parse the input text into an unescaped cinput, and populate item. */
  static Jbool parse_string(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer)
  {
      const unsigned char *input_pointer = buffer_at_offset(input_buffer) + 1;
      const unsigned char *input_end = buffer_at_offset(input_buffer) + 1;
      unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
      unsigned char *output = NULL;
  
      /* not a string */
      if (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != '\"')
      {
          goto fail;
      }
  
      {
          /* calculate approximate size of the output (overestimate) */
          size_t allocation_length = 0;
          size_t skipped_bytes = 0;
          while (((size_t)(input_end - input_buffer->content) < input_buffer->length) && (*input_end != '\"'))
          {
              /* is escape sequence */
              if (input_end[0] == '\\')
              {
                  if ((size_t)(input_end + 1 - input_buffer->content) >= input_buffer->length)
                  {
                      /* prevent buffer overflow when last input character is a backslash */
                      goto fail;
                  }
                  skipped_bytes++;
                  input_end++;
              }
              input_end++;
          }
          if (((size_t)(input_end - input_buffer->content) >= input_buffer->length) || (*input_end != '\"'))
          {
              goto fail; /* string ended unexpectedly */
          }
  
          /* This is at most how much we need for the output */
          allocation_length = (size_t) (input_end - buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)) - skipped_bytes;
          output = (unsigned char*)_Malloc(allocation_length + 1);	// trailing '\0'
          if (output == NULL)
          {
              goto fail; /* allocation failure */
          }
      }
  
      output_pointer = output;
      /* loop through the string literal */
      while (input_pointer < input_end)
      {
          if (*input_pointer != '\\')
          {
              *output_pointer++ = *input_pointer++;
          }
          /* escape sequence */
          else
          {
              unsigned char sequence_length = 2;
              if ((input_end - input_pointer) < 1)
              {
                  goto fail;
              }
  
              switch (input_pointer[1])
              {
                  case 'b':
                      *output_pointer++ = '\b';
                      break;
                  case 'f':
                      *output_pointer++ = '\f';
                      break;
                  case 'n':
                      *output_pointer++ = '\n';
                      break;
                  case 'r':
                      *output_pointer++ = '\r';
                      break;
                  case 't':
                      *output_pointer++ = '\t';
                      break;
                  case '\"':
                  case '\\':
                  case '/':
                      *output_pointer++ = input_pointer[1];
                      break;
  
                  /* UTF-16 literal */
                  case 'u':
                      sequence_length = utf16_literal_to_utf8(input_pointer, input_end, &output_pointer);
                      if (sequence_length == 0)
                      {
                          /* failed to convert UTF16-literal to UTF-8 */
                          goto fail;
                      }
                      break;
  
                  default:
                      goto fail;
              }
              input_pointer += sequence_length;
          }
      }
  
      /* zero terminate the output */
      *output_pointer = '\0';
  
      item->type = JString;
      item->valuestring = (char*)output;
  
      input_buffer->offset = (size_t) (input_end - input_buffer->content);
      input_buffer->offset++;
  
      return true;
  
  fail:
      if (output != NULL)
      {
          _Free(output);
      }
  
      if (input_pointer != NULL)
      {
          input_buffer->offset = (size_t)(input_pointer - input_buffer->content);
      }
  
      return false;
  }
  
  /* Convert a 16-bit number to 4 hex digits, null-terminating it */
  void htoa16(uint16_t n, unsigned char *p)
  {
      int i;
      for (i=0; i<4; i++)
      {
          uint16_t nibble = (n >> 12) & 0xff;
          n = n << 4;
          if (nibble >= 10)
              *p++ = 'A' + (nibble-10);
          else
              *p++ = '0' + nibble;
      }
      *p = '\0';
  }
  
  /* Render the cstring provided to an escaped version that can be printed. */
  static Jbool print_string_ptr(const unsigned char * const input, printbuffer * const output_buffer)
  {
      const unsigned char *input_pointer = NULL;
      unsigned char *output = NULL;
      unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
      size_t output_length = 0;
      /* numbers of additional characters needed for escaping */
      size_t escape_characters = 0;
  
      if (output_buffer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* empty string */
      if (input == NULL)
      {
          output = ensure(output_buffer, 2);	// sizeof("\"\"")
          if (output == NULL)
          {
              return false;
          }
  		output[0] = '"';
  		output[1] = '"';
  		output[2] = '\0';
  
          return true;
      }
  
      /* set "flag" to 1 if something needs to be escaped */
      for (input_pointer = input; *input_pointer; input_pointer++)
      {
          switch (*input_pointer)
          {
              case '\"':
              case '\\':
              case '\b':
              case '\f':
              case '\n':
              case '\r':
              case '\t':
                  /* one character escape sequence */
                  escape_characters++;
                  break;
              default:
                  if (*input_pointer < 32)
                  {
                      /* UTF-16 escape sequence uXXXX */
                      escape_characters += 5;
                  }
                  break;
          }
      }
      output_length = (size_t)(input_pointer - input) + escape_characters;
  
      output = ensure(output_buffer, output_length + 2);	// sizeof("\"\"")
      if (output == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* no characters have to be escaped */
      if (escape_characters == 0)
      {
          output[0] = '\"';
          memcpy(output + 1, input, output_length);
          output[output_length + 1] = '\"';
          output[output_length + 2] = '\0';
  
          return true;
      }
  
      output[0] = '\"';
      output_pointer = output + 1;
      /* copy the string */
      for (input_pointer = input; *input_pointer != '\0'; (void)input_pointer++, output_pointer++)
      {
          if ((*input_pointer > 31) && (*input_pointer != '\"') && (*input_pointer != '\\'))
          {
              /* normal character, copy */
              *output_pointer = *input_pointer;
          }
          else
          {
              /* character needs to be escaped */
              *output_pointer++ = '\\';
              switch (*input_pointer)
              {
                  case '\\':
                      *output_pointer = '\\';
                      break;
                  case '\"':
                      *output_pointer = '\"';
                      break;
                  case '\b':
                      *output_pointer = 'b';
                      break;
                  case '\f':
                      *output_pointer = 'f';
                      break;
                  case '\n':
                      *output_pointer = 'n';
                      break;
                  case '\r':
                      *output_pointer = 'r';
                      break;
                  case '\t':
                      *output_pointer = 't';
                      break;
                  default:
                      /* escape and print as unicode codepoint */
                      *output_pointer++ = 'u';
                      htoa16(*input_pointer, output_pointer);
                      output_pointer += 4;
                      break;
              }
          }
      }
      output[output_length + 1] = '\"';
      output[output_length + 2] = '\0';
  
      return true;
  }
  
  /* Invoke print_string_ptr (which is useful) on an item. */
  static Jbool print_string(const J * const item, printbuffer * const p)
  {
      return print_string_ptr((unsigned char*)item->valuestring, p);
  }
  
  /* Predeclare these prototypes. */
  static Jbool parse_value(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer);
  static Jbool print_value(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer);
  static Jbool parse_array(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer);
  static Jbool print_array(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer);
  static Jbool parse_object(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer);
  static Jbool print_object(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer);
  
  /* Utility to jump whitespace and cr/lf */
  static parse_buffer *buffer_skip_whitespace(parse_buffer * const buffer)
  {
      if ((buffer == NULL) || (buffer->content == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      while (can_access_at_index(buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(buffer)[0] <= 32))
      {
         buffer->offset++;
      }
  
      if (buffer->offset == buffer->length)
      {
          buffer->offset--;
      }
  
      return buffer;
  }
  
  /* skip the UTF-8 BOM (byte order mark) if it is at the beginning of a buffer */
  static parse_buffer *skip_utf8_bom(parse_buffer * const buffer)
  {
      if ((buffer == NULL) || (buffer->content == NULL) || (buffer->offset != 0))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      if (can_access_at_index(buffer, 4) && (strncmp((const char*)buffer_at_offset(buffer), "\xEF\xBB\xBF", 3) == 0))
      {
          buffer->offset += 3;
      }
  
      return buffer;
  }
  
  /* Parse an object - create a new root, and populate. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JParseWithOpts(const char *value, const char **return_parse_end, Jbool require_null_terminated)
  {
      parse_buffer buffer = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
      J *item = NULL;
  
      /* reset error position */
      global_error.json = NULL;
      global_error.position = 0;
  
      if (value == NULL)
      {
          goto fail;
      }
  
      buffer.content = (const unsigned char*)value;
      buffer.length = strlen((const char*)value) + 1;		// Trailing '\0'
      buffer.offset = 0;
  
      item = JNew_Item();
      if (item == NULL) /* memory fail */
      {
          goto fail;
      }
  
      if (!parse_value(item, buffer_skip_whitespace(skip_utf8_bom(&buffer))))
      {
          /* parse failure. ep is set. */
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* if we require null-terminated JSON without appended garbage, skip and then check for a null terminator */
      if (require_null_terminated)
      {
          buffer_skip_whitespace(&buffer);
          if ((buffer.offset >= buffer.length) || buffer_at_offset(&buffer)[0] != '\0')
          {
              goto fail;
          }
      }
      if (return_parse_end)
      {
          *return_parse_end = (const char*)buffer_at_offset(&buffer);
      }
  
      return item;
  
  fail:
      if (item != NULL)
      {
          JDelete(item);
      }
  
      if (value != NULL)
      {
          error local_error;
          local_error.json = (const unsigned char*)value;
          local_error.position = 0;
  
          if (buffer.offset < buffer.length)
          {
              local_error.position = buffer.offset;
          }
          else if (buffer.length > 0)
          {
              local_error.position = buffer.length - 1;
          }
  
          if (return_parse_end != NULL)
          {
              *return_parse_end = (const char*)local_error.json + local_error.position;
          }
  
          global_error = local_error;
      }
  
      return NULL;
  }
  
  /* Default options for JParse */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JParse(const char *value)
  {
      return JParseWithOpts(value, 0, 0);
  }
  
  #define cjson_min(a, b) ((a < b) ? a : b)
  
  static unsigned char *print(const J * const item, Jbool format)
  {
      static const size_t default_buffer_size = 128;
      printbuffer buffer[1];
      unsigned char *printed = NULL;
  
      memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
  
      /* create buffer */
      buffer->buffer = (unsigned char*) _Malloc(default_buffer_size);
      buffer->length = default_buffer_size;
      buffer->format = format;
      if (buffer->buffer == NULL)
      {
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* print the value */
      if (!print_value(item, buffer))
      {
          goto fail;
      }
      update_offset(buffer);
  
      /* copy the JSON over to a new buffer */
      printed = (unsigned char*) _Malloc(buffer->offset + 1);
      if (printed == NULL)
      {
          goto fail;
      }
      memcpy(printed, buffer->buffer, cjson_min(buffer->length, buffer->offset + 1));
      printed[buffer->offset] = '\0'; /* just to be sure */
  
      /* free the buffer */
      _Free(buffer->buffer);
  
      return printed;
  
  fail:
      if (buffer->buffer != NULL)
      {
          _Free(buffer->buffer);
      }
  
      if (printed != NULL)
      {
          _Free(printed);
      }
  
      return NULL;
  }
  
  /* Render a J item/entity/structure to text. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(char *) JPrint(const J *item)
  {
      return (char*)print(item, true);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(char *) JPrintUnformatted(const J *item)
  {
      return (char*)print(item, false);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(char *) JPrintBuffered(const J *item, int prebuffer, Jbool fmt)
  {
      printbuffer p = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
  
      if (prebuffer < 0)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      p.buffer = (unsigned char*)_Malloc((size_t)prebuffer);
      if (!p.buffer)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      p.length = (size_t)prebuffer;
      p.offset = 0;
      p.noalloc = false;
      p.format = fmt;
  
      if (!print_value(item, &p))
      {
          _Free(p.buffer);
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return (char*)p.buffer;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JPrintPreallocated(J *item, char *buf, const int len, const Jbool fmt)
  {
      printbuffer p = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
  
      if ((len < 0) || (buf == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      p.buffer = (unsigned char*)buf;
      p.length = (size_t)len;
      p.offset = 0;
      p.noalloc = true;
      p.format = fmt;
  
      return print_value(item, &p);
  }
  
  /* Parser core - when encountering text, process appropriately. */
  static Jbool parse_value(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer)
  {
      if ((input_buffer == NULL) || (input_buffer->content == NULL))
      {
          return false; /* no input */
      }
  
      /* parse the different types of values */
      /* null */
      if (can_read(input_buffer, 4) && (strncmp((const char*)buffer_at_offset(input_buffer), c_null, c_null_len) == 0))
      {
          item->type = JNULL;
          input_buffer->offset += 4;
          return true;
      }
      /* false */
      if (can_read(input_buffer, 5) && (strncmp((const char*)buffer_at_offset(input_buffer), c_false, c_false_len) == 0))
      {
          item->type = JFalse;
          input_buffer->offset += 5;
          return true;
      }
      /* true */
      if (can_read(input_buffer, 4) && (strncmp((const char*)buffer_at_offset(input_buffer), c_true, c_true_len) == 0))
      {
          item->type = JTrue;
          item->valueint = 1;
          input_buffer->offset += 4;
          return true;
      }
      /* string */
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == '\"'))
      {
          return parse_string(item, input_buffer);
      }
      /* number */
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && ((buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == '-') || ((buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] >= '0') && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] <= '9'))))
      {
          return parse_number(item, input_buffer);
      }
      /* array */
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == '['))
      {
          return parse_array(item, input_buffer);
      }
      /* object */
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == '{'))
      {
          return parse_object(item, input_buffer);
      }
  
      return false;
  }
  
  /* Render a value to text. */
  static Jbool print_value(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer)
  {
      unsigned char *output = NULL;
  
      if ((item == NULL) || (output_buffer == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      switch ((item->type) & 0xFF)
      {
          case JNULL:
              output = ensure(output_buffer, c_null_len+1);
              if (output == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              strcpy((char*)output, c_null);
              return true;
  
          case JFalse:
              output = ensure(output_buffer, c_false_len+1);
              if (output == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              strcpy((char*)output, c_false);
              return true;
  
          case JTrue:
              output = ensure(output_buffer, c_true_len+1);
              if (output == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              strcpy((char*)output, c_true);
              return true;
  
          case JNumber:
              return print_number(item, output_buffer);
  
          case JRaw:
          {
              size_t raw_length = 0;
              if (item->valuestring == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
  
              raw_length = strlen(item->valuestring) + 1;		// Trailing '\0';
              output = ensure(output_buffer, raw_length);
              if (output == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              memcpy(output, item->valuestring, raw_length);
              return true;
          }
  
          case JString:
              return print_string(item, output_buffer);
  
          case JArray:
              return print_array(item, output_buffer);
  
          case JObject:
              return print_object(item, output_buffer);
  
          default:
              return false;
      }
  }
  
  /* Build an array from input text. */
  static Jbool parse_array(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer)
  {
      J *head = NULL; /* head of the linked list */
      J *current_item = NULL;
  
      if (input_buffer->depth >= N_CJSON_NESTING_LIMIT)
      {
          return false; /* to deeply nested */
      }
      input_buffer->depth++;
  
      if (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != '[')
      {
          /* not an array */
          goto fail;
      }
  
      input_buffer->offset++;
      buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == ']'))
      {
          /* empty array */
          goto success;
      }
  
      /* check if we skipped to the end of the buffer */
      if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0))
      {
          input_buffer->offset--;
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* step back to character in front of the first element */
      input_buffer->offset--;
      /* loop through the comma separated array elements */
      do
      {
          /* allocate next item */
          J *new_item = JNew_Item();
          if (new_item == NULL)
          {
              goto fail; /* allocation failure */
          }
  
          /* attach next item to list */
          if (head == NULL)
          {
              /* start the linked list */
              current_item = head = new_item;
          }
          else
          {
              /* add to the end and advance */
              current_item->next = new_item;
              new_item->prev = current_item;
              current_item = new_item;
          }
  
          /* parse next value */
          input_buffer->offset++;
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
          if (!parse_value(current_item, input_buffer))
          {
              goto fail; /* failed to parse value */
          }
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
      }
      while (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == ','));
  
      if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) || buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != ']')
      {
          goto fail; /* expected end of array */
      }
  
  success:
      input_buffer->depth--;
  
      item->type = JArray;
      item->child = head;
  
      input_buffer->offset++;
  
      return true;
  
  fail:
      if (head != NULL)
      {
          JDelete(head);
      }
  
      return false;
  }
  
  /* Render an array to text */
  static Jbool print_array(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer)
  {
      unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
      size_t length = 0;
      J *current_element = item->child;
  
      if (output_buffer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* Compose the output array. */
      /* opening square bracket */
      output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, 1);
      if (output_pointer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      *output_pointer = '[';
      output_buffer->offset++;
      output_buffer->depth++;
  
      while (current_element != NULL)
      {
          if (!print_value(current_element, output_buffer))
          {
              return false;
          }
          update_offset(output_buffer);
          if (current_element->next)
          {
              length = (size_t) (output_buffer->format ? 2 : 1);
              output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, length + 1);
              if (output_pointer == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              *output_pointer++ = ',';
              if(output_buffer->format)
              {
                  *output_pointer++ = ' ';
              }
              *output_pointer = '\0';
              output_buffer->offset += length;
          }
          current_element = current_element->next;
      }
  
      output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, 2);
      if (output_pointer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
      *output_pointer++ = ']';
      *output_pointer = '\0';
      output_buffer->depth--;
  
      return true;
  }
  
  /* Build an object from the text. */
  static Jbool parse_object(J * const item, parse_buffer * const input_buffer)
  {
      J *head = NULL; /* linked list head */
      J *current_item = NULL;
  
      if (input_buffer->depth >= N_CJSON_NESTING_LIMIT)
      {
          return false; /* to deeply nested */
      }
      input_buffer->depth++;
  
      if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) || (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != '{'))
      {
          goto fail; /* not an object */
      }
  
      input_buffer->offset++;
      buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
      if (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == '}'))
      {
          goto success; /* empty object */
      }
  
      /* check if we skipped to the end of the buffer */
      if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0))
      {
          input_buffer->offset--;
          goto fail;
      }
  
      /* step back to character in front of the first element */
      input_buffer->offset--;
      /* loop through the comma separated array elements */
      do
      {
          /* allocate next item */
          J *new_item = JNew_Item();
          if (new_item == NULL)
          {
              goto fail; /* allocation failure */
          }
  
          /* attach next item to list */
          if (head == NULL)
          {
              /* start the linked list */
              current_item = head = new_item;
          }
          else
          {
              /* add to the end and advance */
              current_item->next = new_item;
              new_item->prev = current_item;
              current_item = new_item;
          }
  
          /* parse the name of the child */
          input_buffer->offset++;
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
          if (!parse_string(current_item, input_buffer))
          {
              goto fail; /* faile to parse name */
          }
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
  
          /* swap valuestring and string, because we parsed the name */
          current_item->string = current_item->valuestring;
          current_item->valuestring = NULL;
  
          if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) || (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != ':'))
          {
              goto fail; /* invalid object */
          }
  
          /* parse the value */
          input_buffer->offset++;
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
          if (!parse_value(current_item, input_buffer))
          {
              goto fail; /* failed to parse value */
          }
          buffer_skip_whitespace(input_buffer);
      }
      while (can_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) && (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] == ','));
  
      if (cannot_access_at_index(input_buffer, 0) || (buffer_at_offset(input_buffer)[0] != '}'))
      {
          goto fail; /* expected end of object */
      }
  
  success:
      input_buffer->depth--;
  
      item->type = JObject;
      item->child = head;
  
      input_buffer->offset++;
      return true;
  
  fail:
      if (head != NULL)
      {
          JDelete(head);
      }
  
      return false;
  }
  
  /* Render an object to text. */
  static Jbool print_object(const J * const item, printbuffer * const output_buffer)
  {
      unsigned char *output_pointer = NULL;
      size_t length = 0;
      J *current_item = item->child;
  
      if (output_buffer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* Compose the output: */
      length = (size_t) (output_buffer->format ? 2 : 1); /* fmt: {\n */
      output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, length + 1);
      if (output_pointer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      *output_pointer++ = '{';
      output_buffer->depth++;
      if (output_buffer->format)
      {
          *output_pointer++ = '\n';
      }
      output_buffer->offset += length;
  
      while (current_item)
      {
          if (output_buffer->format)
          {
              size_t i;
              output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, output_buffer->depth);
              if (output_pointer == NULL)
              {
                  return false;
              }
              for (i = 0; i < output_buffer->depth; i++)
              {
                  *output_pointer++ = '\t';
              }
              output_buffer->offset += output_buffer->depth;
          }
  
          /* print key */
          if (!print_string_ptr((unsigned char*)current_item->string, output_buffer))
          {
              return false;
          }
          update_offset(output_buffer);
  
          length = (size_t) (output_buffer->format ? 2 : 1);
          output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, length);
          if (output_pointer == NULL)
          {
              return false;
          }
          *output_pointer++ = ':';
          if (output_buffer->format)
          {
              *output_pointer++ = '\t';
          }
          output_buffer->offset += length;
  
          /* print value */
          if (!print_value(current_item, output_buffer))
          {
              return false;
          }
          update_offset(output_buffer);
  
          /* print comma if not last */
          length = (size_t) ((output_buffer->format ? 1 : 0) + (current_item->next ? 1 : 0));
          output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, length + 1);
          if (output_pointer == NULL)
          {
              return false;
          }
          if (current_item->next)
          {
              *output_pointer++ = ',';
          }
  
          if (output_buffer->format)
          {
              *output_pointer++ = '\n';
          }
          *output_pointer = '\0';
          output_buffer->offset += length;
  
          current_item = current_item->next;
      }
  
      output_pointer = ensure(output_buffer, output_buffer->format ? (output_buffer->depth + 1) : 2);
      if (output_pointer == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
      if (output_buffer->format)
      {
          size_t i;
          for (i = 0; i < (output_buffer->depth - 1); i++)
          {
              *output_pointer++ = '\t';
          }
      }
      *output_pointer++ = '}';
      *output_pointer = '\0';
      output_buffer->depth--;
  
      return true;
  }
  
  /* Get Array size/item / object item. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(int) JGetArraySize(const J *array)
  {
      J *child = NULL;
      size_t size = 0;
  
      if (array == NULL)
      {
          return 0;
      }
  
      child = array->child;
  
      while(child != NULL)
      {
          size++;
          child = child->next;
      }
  
      /* FIXME: Can overflow here. Cannot be fixed without breaking the API */
  
      return (int)size;
  }
  
  static J* get_array_item(const J *array, size_t index)
  {
      J *current_child = NULL;
  
      if (array == NULL)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      current_child = array->child;
      while ((current_child != NULL) && (index > 0))
      {
          index--;
          current_child = current_child->next;
      }
  
      return current_child;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JGetArrayItem(const J *array, int index)
  {
      if (index < 0)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return get_array_item(array, (size_t)index);
  }
  
  static J *get_object_item(const J * const object, const char * const name, const Jbool case_sensitive)
  {
      J *current_element = NULL;
  
      if ((object == NULL) || (name == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      current_element = object->child;
      if (case_sensitive)
      {
          while ((current_element != NULL) && (strcmp(name, current_element->string) != 0))
          {
              current_element = current_element->next;
          }
      }
      else
      {
          while ((current_element != NULL) && (case_insensitive_strcmp((const unsigned char*)name, (const unsigned char*)(current_element->string)) != 0))
          {
              current_element = current_element->next;
          }
      }
  
      return current_element;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JGetObjectItem(const J * const object, const char * const string)
  {
      return get_object_item(object, string, false);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JGetObjectItemCaseSensitive(const J * const object, const char * const string)
  {
      return get_object_item(object, string, true);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JHasObjectItem(const J *object, const char *string)
  {
      return JGetObjectItem(object, string) ? 1 : 0;
  }
  
  /* Utility for array list handling. */
  static void suffix_object(J *prev, J *item)
  {
      prev->next = item;
      item->prev = prev;
  }
  
  /* Utility for handling references. */
  static J *create_reference(const J *item)
  {
      J *reference = NULL;
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      reference = JNew_Item();
      if (reference == NULL)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      memcpy(reference, item, sizeof(J));
      reference->string = NULL;
      reference->type |= JIsReference;
      reference->next = reference->prev = NULL;
      return reference;
  }
  
  static Jbool add_item_to_array(J *array, J *item)
  {
      J *child = NULL;
  
      if ((item == NULL) || (array == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      child = array->child;
  
      if (child == NULL)
      {
          /* list is empty, start new one */
          array->child = item;
      }
      else
      {
          /* append to the end */
          while (child->next)
          {
              child = child->next;
          }
          suffix_object(child, item);
      }
  
      return true;
  }
  
  /* Add item to array/object. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JAddItemToArray(J *array, J *item)
  {
      add_item_to_array(array, item);
  }
  
  #if defined(__clang__) || (defined(__GNUC__)  && ((__GNUC__ > 4) || ((__GNUC__ == 4) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ > 5))))
      #pragma GCC diagnostic push
  #endif
  #ifdef __GNUC__
  #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wcast-qual"
  #endif
  /* helper function to cast away const */
  static void* cast_away_const(const void* string)
  {
      return (void*)string;
  }
  #if defined(__clang__) || (defined(__GNUC__)  && ((__GNUC__ > 4) || ((__GNUC__ == 4) && (__GNUC_MINOR__ > 5))))
      #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
  #endif
  
  
  static Jbool add_item_to_object(J * const object, const char * const string, J * const item, const Jbool constant_key)
  {
      char *new_key = NULL;
      int new_type = JInvalid;
  
      if ((object == NULL) || (string == NULL) || (item == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      if (constant_key)
      {
          new_key = (char*)cast_away_const(string);
          new_type = item->type | JStringIsConst;
      }
      else
      {
          new_key = (char*)Jstrdup((const unsigned char*)string);
          if (new_key == NULL)
          {
              return false;
          }
  
          new_type = item->type & ~JStringIsConst;
      }
  
      if (!(item->type & JStringIsConst) && (item->string != NULL))
      {
          _Free(item->string);
      }
  
      item->string = new_key;
      item->type = new_type;
  
      return add_item_to_array(object, item);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JAddItemToObject(J *object, const char *string, J *item)
  {
      add_item_to_object(object, string, item, false);
  }
  
  /* Add an item to an object with constant string as key */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JAddItemToObjectCS(J *object, const char *string, J *item)
  {
      add_item_to_object(object, string, item, true);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JAddItemReferenceToArray(J *array, J *item)
  {
      if (array == NULL)
      {
          return;
      }
  
      add_item_to_array(array, create_reference(item));
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JAddItemReferenceToObject(J *object, const char *string, J *item)
  {
      if ((object == NULL) || (string == NULL))
      {
          return;
      }
  
      add_item_to_object(object, string, create_reference(item), false);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddNullToObject(J * const object, const char * const name)
  {
      J *null = JCreateNull();
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, null, false))
      {
          return null;
      }
  
      JDelete(null);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddTrueToObject(J * const object, const char * const name)
  {
      J *true_item = JCreateTrue();
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, true_item, false))
      {
          return true_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(true_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddFalseToObject(J * const object, const char * const name)
  {
      J *false_item = JCreateFalse();
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, false_item, false))
      {
          return false_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(false_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddBoolToObject(J * const object, const char * const name, const Jbool boolean)
  {
      J *bool_item = JCreateBool(boolean);
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, bool_item, false))
      {
          return bool_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(bool_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddNumberToObject(J * const object, const char * const name, const JNUMBER number)
  {
      J *number_item = JCreateNumber(number);
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, number_item, false))
      {
          return number_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(number_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddStringToObject(J * const object, const char * const name, const char * const string)
  {
      J *string_item = JCreateString(string);
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, string_item, false))
      {
          return string_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(string_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddRawToObject(J * const object, const char * const name, const char * const raw)
  {
      J *raw_item = JCreateRaw(raw);
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, raw_item, false))
      {
          return raw_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(raw_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddObjectToObject(J * const object, const char * const name)
  {
      J *object_item = JCreateObject();
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, object_item, false))
      {
          return object_item;
      }
  
      JDelete(object_item);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J*) JAddArrayToObject(J * const object, const char * const name)
  {
      J *array = JCreateArray();
      if (add_item_to_object(object, name, array, false))
      {
          return array;
      }
  
      JDelete(array);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JDetachItemViaPointer(J *parent, J * const item)
  {
      if ((parent == NULL) || (item == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      if (item->prev != NULL)
      {
          /* not the first element */
          item->prev->next = item->next;
      }
      if (item->next != NULL)
      {
          /* not the last element */
          item->next->prev = item->prev;
      }
  
      if (item == parent->child)
      {
          /* first element */
          parent->child = item->next;
      }
      /* make sure the detached item doesn't point anywhere anymore */
      item->prev = NULL;
      item->next = NULL;
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JDetachItemFromArray(J *array, int which)
  {
      if (which < 0)
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      return JDetachItemViaPointer(array, get_array_item(array, (size_t)which));
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JDeleteItemFromArray(J *array, int which)
  {
      JDelete(JDetachItemFromArray(array, which));
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JDetachItemFromObject(J *object, const char *string)
  {
      J *to_detach = JGetObjectItem(object, string);
  
      return JDetachItemViaPointer(object, to_detach);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JDetachItemFromObjectCaseSensitive(J *object, const char *string)
  {
      J *to_detach = JGetObjectItemCaseSensitive(object, string);
  
      return JDetachItemViaPointer(object, to_detach);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JDeleteItemFromObject(J *object, const char *string)
  {
      JDelete(JDetachItemFromObject(object, string));
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JDeleteItemFromObjectCaseSensitive(J *object, const char *string)
  {
      JDelete(JDetachItemFromObjectCaseSensitive(object, string));
  }
  
  /* Replace array/object items with new ones. */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JInsertItemInArray(J *array, int which, J *newitem)
  {
      J *after_inserted = NULL;
  
      if (which < 0)
      {
          return;
      }
  
      after_inserted = get_array_item(array, (size_t)which);
      if (after_inserted == NULL)
      {
          add_item_to_array(array, newitem);
          return;
      }
  
      newitem->next = after_inserted;
      newitem->prev = after_inserted->prev;
      after_inserted->prev = newitem;
      if (after_inserted == array->child)
      {
          array->child = newitem;
      }
      else
      {
          newitem->prev->next = newitem;
      }
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JReplaceItemViaPointer(J * const parent, J * const item, J * replacement)
  {
      if ((parent == NULL) || (replacement == NULL) || (item == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      if (replacement == item)
      {
          return true;
      }
  
      replacement->next = item->next;
      replacement->prev = item->prev;
  
      if (replacement->next != NULL)
      {
          replacement->next->prev = replacement;
      }
      if (replacement->prev != NULL)
      {
          replacement->prev->next = replacement;
      }
      if (parent->child == item)
      {
          parent->child = replacement;
      }
  
      item->next = NULL;
      item->prev = NULL;
      JDelete(item);
  
      return true;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JReplaceItemInArray(J *array, int which, J *newitem)
  {
      if (which < 0)
      {
          return;
      }
  
      JReplaceItemViaPointer(array, get_array_item(array, (size_t)which), newitem);
  }
  
  static Jbool replace_item_in_object(J *object, const char *string, J *replacement, Jbool case_sensitive)
  {
      if ((replacement == NULL) || (string == NULL))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* replace the name in the replacement */
      if (!(replacement->type & JStringIsConst) && (replacement->string != NULL))
      {
          _Free(replacement->string);
      }
      replacement->string = (char*)Jstrdup((const unsigned char*)string);
      replacement->type &= ~JStringIsConst;
  
      JReplaceItemViaPointer(object, get_object_item(object, string, case_sensitive), replacement);
  
      return true;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JReplaceItemInObject(J *object, const char *string, J *newitem)
  {
      replace_item_in_object(object, string, newitem, false);
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JReplaceItemInObjectCaseSensitive(J *object, const char *string, J *newitem)
  {
      replace_item_in_object(object, string, newitem, true);
  }
  
  /* Create basic types: */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateNull(void)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JNULL;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateTrue(void)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JTrue;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateFalse(void)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JFalse;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateBool(Jbool b)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = b ? JTrue : JFalse;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateNumber(JNUMBER num)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JNumber;
          item->valuenumber = num;
  
          /* use saturation in case of overflow */
          if (num >= INT_MAX)
          {
              item->valueint = INT_MAX;
          }
          else if (num <= INT_MIN)
          {
              item->valueint = INT_MIN;
          }
          else
          {
              item->valueint = (int)num;
          }
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateString(const char *string)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JString;
          item->valuestring = (char*)Jstrdup((const unsigned char*)string);
          if(!item->valuestring)
          {
              JDelete(item);
              return NULL;
          }
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateStringReference(const char *string)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if (item != NULL)
      {
          item->type = JString | JIsReference;
          item->valuestring = (char*)cast_away_const(string);
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateObjectReference(const J *child)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if (item != NULL) {
          item->type = JObject | JIsReference;
          item->child = (J*)cast_away_const(child);
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateArrayReference(const J *child) {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if (item != NULL) {
          item->type = JArray | JIsReference;
          item->child = (J*)cast_away_const(child);
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateRaw(const char *raw)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type = JRaw;
          item->valuestring = (char*)Jstrdup((const unsigned char*)raw);
          if(!item->valuestring)
          {
              JDelete(item);
              return NULL;
          }
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateArray(void)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if(item)
      {
          item->type=JArray;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateObject(void)
  {
      J *item = JNew_Item();
      if (item)
      {
          item->type = JObject;
      }
  
      return item;
  }
  
  /* Create Arrays: */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateIntArray(const int *numbers, int count)
  {
      size_t i = 0;
      J *n = NULL;
      J *p = NULL;
      J *a = NULL;
  
      if ((count < 0) || (numbers == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      a = JCreateArray();
      for(i = 0; a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
      {
          n = JCreateNumber(numbers[i]);
          if (!n)
          {
              JDelete(a);
              return NULL;
          }
          if(!i)
          {
              a->child = n;
          }
          else
          {
              suffix_object(p, n);
          }
          p = n;
      }
  
      return a;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateNumberArray(const JNUMBER *numbers, int count)
  {
      size_t i = 0;
      J *n = NULL;
      J *p = NULL;
      J *a = NULL;
  
      if ((count < 0) || (numbers == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      a = JCreateArray();
  
      for(i = 0;a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
      {
          n = JCreateNumber(numbers[i]);
          if(!n)
          {
              JDelete(a);
              return NULL;
          }
          if(!i)
          {
              a->child = n;
          }
          else
          {
              suffix_object(p, n);
          }
          p = n;
      }
  
      return a;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JCreateStringArray(const char **strings, int count)
  {
      size_t i = 0;
      J *n = NULL;
      J *p = NULL;
      J *a = NULL;
  
      if ((count < 0) || (strings == NULL))
      {
          return NULL;
      }
  
      a = JCreateArray();
  
      for (i = 0; a && (i < (size_t)count); i++)
      {
          n = JCreateString(strings[i]);
          if(!n)
          {
              JDelete(a);
              return NULL;
          }
          if(!i)
          {
              a->child = n;
          }
          else
          {
              suffix_object(p,n);
          }
          p = n;
      }
  
      return a;
  }
  
  /* Duplication */
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(J *) JDuplicate(const J *item, Jbool recurse)
  {
      J *newitem = NULL;
      J *child = NULL;
      J *next = NULL;
      J *newchild = NULL;
  
      /* Bail on bad ptr */
      if (!item)
      {
          goto fail;
      }
      /* Create new item */
      newitem = JNew_Item();
      if (!newitem)
      {
          goto fail;
      }
      /* Copy over all vars */
      newitem->type = item->type & (~JIsReference);
      newitem->valueint = item->valueint;
      newitem->valuenumber = item->valuenumber;
      if (item->valuestring)
      {
          newitem->valuestring = (char*)Jstrdup((unsigned char*)item->valuestring);
          if (!newitem->valuestring)
          {
              goto fail;
          }
      }
      if (item->string)
      {
          newitem->string = (item->type&JStringIsConst) ? item->string : (char*)Jstrdup((unsigned char*)item->string);
          if (!newitem->string)
          {
              goto fail;
          }
      }
      /* If non-recursive, then we're done! */
      if (!recurse)
      {
          return newitem;
      }
      /* Walk the ->next chain for the child. */
      child = item->child;
      while (child != NULL)
      {
          newchild = JDuplicate(child, true); /* Duplicate (with recurse) each item in the ->next chain */
          if (!newchild)
          {
              goto fail;
          }
          if (next != NULL)
          {
              /* If newitem->child already set, then crosswire ->prev and ->next and move on */
              next->next = newchild;
              newchild->prev = next;
              next = newchild;
          }
          else
          {
              /* Set newitem->child and move to it */
              newitem->child = newchild;
              next = newchild;
          }
          child = child->next;
      }
  
      return newitem;
  
  fail:
      if (newitem != NULL)
      {
          JDelete(newitem);
      }
  
      return NULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(void) JMinify(char *json)
  {
      unsigned char *into = (unsigned char*)json;
  
      if (json == NULL)
      {
          return;
      }
  
      while (*json)
      {
          if (*json == ' ')
          {
              json++;
          }
          else if (*json == '\t')
          {
              /* Whitespace characters. */
              json++;
          }
          else if (*json == '\r')
          {
              json++;
          }
          else if (*json=='\n')
          {
              json++;
          }
          else if ((*json == '/') && (json[1] == '/'))
          {
              /* double-slash comments, to end of line. */
              while (*json && (*json != '\n'))
              {
                  json++;
              }
          }
          else if ((*json == '/') && (json[1] == '*'))
          {
              /* multiline comments. */
              while (*json && !((*json == '*') && (json[1] == '/')))
              {
                  json++;
              }
              json += 2;
          }
          else if (*json == '\"')
          {
              /* string literals, which are \" sensitive. */
              *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
              while (*json && (*json != '\"'))
              {
                  if (*json == '\\')
                  {
                      *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
                  }
                  *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
              }
              *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
          }
          else
          {
              /* All other characters. */
              *into++ = (unsigned char)*json++;
          }
      }
  
      /* and null-terminate. */
      *into = '\0';
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsInvalid(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JInvalid;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsFalse(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JFalse;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsTrue(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xff) == JTrue;
  }
  
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsBool(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & (JTrue | JFalse)) != 0;
  }
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsNull(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JNULL;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsNumber(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JNumber;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsString(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JString;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsArray(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JArray;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsObject(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JObject;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JIsRaw(const J * const item)
  {
      if (item == NULL)
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      return (item->type & 0xFF) == JRaw;
  }
  
  N_CJSON_PUBLIC(Jbool) JCompare(const J * const a, const J * const b, const Jbool case_sensitive)
  {
      if ((a == NULL) || (b == NULL) || ((a->type & 0xFF) != (b->type & 0xFF)) || JIsInvalid(a))
      {
          return false;
      }
  
      /* check if type is valid */
      switch (a->type & 0xFF)
      {
          case JFalse:
          case JTrue:
          case JNULL:
          case JNumber:
          case JString:
          case JRaw:
          case JArray:
          case JObject:
              break;
  
          default:
              return false;
      }
  
      /* identical objects are equal */
      if (a == b)
      {
          return true;
      }
  
      switch (a->type & 0xFF)
      {
          /* in these cases and equal type is enough */
          case JFalse:
          case JTrue:
          case JNULL:
              return true;
  
          case JNumber:
              if (a->valuenumber == b->valuenumber)
              {
                  return true;
              }
              return false;
  
          case JString:
          case JRaw:
              if ((a->valuestring == NULL) || (b->valuestring == NULL))
              {
                  return false;
              }
              if (strcmp(a->valuestring, b->valuestring) == 0)
              {
                  return true;
              }
  
              return false;
  
          case JArray:
          {
              J *a_element = a->child;
              J *b_element = b->child;
  
              for (; (a_element != NULL) && (b_element != NULL);)
              {
                  if (!JCompare(a_element, b_element, case_sensitive))
                  {
                      return false;
                  }
  
                  a_element = a_element->next;
                  b_element = b_element->next;
              }
  
              /* one of the arrays is longer than the other */
              if (a_element != b_element) {
                  return false;
              }
  
              return true;
          }
  
          case JObject:
          {
              J *a_element = NULL;
              J *b_element = NULL;
              JArrayForEach(a_element, a)
              {
                  /* TODO This has O(n^2) runtime, which is horrible! */
                  b_element = get_object_item(b, a_element->string, case_sensitive);
                  if (b_element == NULL)
                  {
                      return false;
                  }
  
                  if (!JCompare(a_element, b_element, case_sensitive))
                  {
                      return false;
                  }
              }
  
              /* doing this twice, once on a and b to prevent true comparison if a subset of b
               * TODO: Do this the proper way, this is just a fix for now */
              JArrayForEach(b_element, b)
              {
                  a_element = get_object_item(a, b_element->string, case_sensitive);
                  if (a_element == NULL)
                  {
                      return false;
                  }
  
                  if (!JCompare(b_element, a_element, case_sensitive))
                  {
                      return false;
                  }
              }
  
              return true;
          }
  
          default:
              return false;
      }
  }
  