text: /* apps/apps.c */
  /* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * This package is an SSL implementation written
   * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
   * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
   * 
   * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
   * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
   * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
   * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
   * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
   * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
   * 
   * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
   * the code are not to be removed.
   * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
   * as the author of the parts of the library used.
   * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
   * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
   * 
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
   *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
   *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
   *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
   * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
   *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
   *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
   * 
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
   * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   * SUCH DAMAGE.
   * 
   * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
   * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
   * copied and put under another distribution licence
   * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
   */
  /* ====================================================================
   * Copyright (c) 1998-2001 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   * are met:
   *
   * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
   *
   * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
   *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
   *    distribution.
   *
   * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
   *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
   *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
   *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
   *
   * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
   *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
   *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
   *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
   *
   * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
   *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
   *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
   *
   * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
   *    acknowledgment:
   *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
   *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
   *
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
   * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
   * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
   * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
   * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
   * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
   * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
   * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
   * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
   * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   * ====================================================================
   *
   * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
   * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
   * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
   *
   */
  
  #if !defined(_POSIX_C_SOURCE) && defined(OPENSSL_SYS_VMS)
  #define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 2	/* On VMS, you need to define this to get
  				   the declaration of fileno().  The value
  				   2 is to make sure no function defined
  				   in POSIX-2 is left undefined. */
  #endif
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_SYSNAME_WIN32) && !defined(NETWARE_CLIB)
  #include <strings.h>
  #endif
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <ctype.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <assert.h>
  #include <openssl/err.h>
  #include <openssl/x509.h>
  #include <openssl/x509v3.h>
  #include <openssl/pem.h>
  #include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
  #include <openssl/ui.h>
  #include <openssl/safestack.h>
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  #include <openssl/engine.h>
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
  #include <openssl/rsa.h>
  #endif
  #include <openssl/bn.h>
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE
  #include <openssl/jpake.h>
  #endif
  
  #define NON_MAIN
  #include "apps.h"
  #undef NON_MAIN
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
  static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to);
  #define rename(from,to) WIN32_rename((from),(to))
  #endif
  
  typedef struct {
  	const char *name;
  	unsigned long flag;
  	unsigned long mask;
  } NAME_EX_TBL;
  
  static UI_METHOD *ui_method = NULL;
  
  static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
  static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl);
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  /* Looks like this stuff is worth moving into separate function */
  static EVP_PKEY *
  load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
  		const char *key_descrip, int format);
  #endif
  
  int app_init(long mesgwin);
  #ifdef undef /* never finished - probably never will be :-) */
  int args_from_file(char *file, int *argc, char **argv[])
  	{
  	FILE *fp;
  	int num,i;
  	unsigned int len;
  	static char *buf=NULL;
  	static char **arg=NULL;
  	char *p;
  
  	fp=fopen(file,"r");
  	if (fp == NULL)
  		return(0);
  
  	if (fseek(fp,0,SEEK_END)==0)
  		len=ftell(fp), rewind(fp);
  	else	len=-1;
  	if (len<=0)
  		{
  		fclose(fp);
  		return(0);
  		}
  
  	*argc=0;
  	*argv=NULL;
  
  	if (buf != NULL) OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	buf=(char *)OPENSSL_malloc(len+1);
  	if (buf == NULL) return(0);
  
  	len=fread(buf,1,len,fp);
  	if (len <= 1) return(0);
  	buf[len]='\0';
  
  	i=0;
  	for (p=buf; *p; p++)
  		if (*p == '\n') i++;
  	if (arg != NULL) OPENSSL_free(arg);
  	arg=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*(i*2));
  
  	*argv=arg;
  	num=0;
  	p=buf;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '#') /* comment line */
  			{
  			while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
  			continue;
  			}
  		/* else we have a line */
  		*(arg++)=p;
  		num++;
  		while (*p && ((*p != ' ') && (*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '\n')
  			{
  			*(p++)='\0';
  			continue;
  			}
  		/* else it is a tab or space */
  		p++;
  		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		if (*p == '\n')
  			{
  			p++;
  			continue;
  			}
  		*(arg++)=p++;
  		num++;
  		while (*p && (*p != '\n')) p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  		/* else *p == '\n' */
  		*(p++)='\0';
  		}
  	*argc=num;
  	return(1);
  	}
  #endif
  
  int str2fmt(char *s)
  	{
  	if (s == NULL)
  		return FORMAT_UNDEF;
  	if 	((*s == 'D') || (*s == 'd'))
  		return(FORMAT_ASN1);
  	else if ((*s == 'T') || (*s == 't'))
  		return(FORMAT_TEXT);
    	else if ((*s == 'N') || (*s == 'n'))
    		return(FORMAT_NETSCAPE);
    	else if ((*s == 'S') || (*s == 's'))
    		return(FORMAT_SMIME);
   	else if ((*s == 'M') || (*s == 'm'))
   		return(FORMAT_MSBLOB);
  	else if ((*s == '1')
  		|| (strcmp(s,"PKCS12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"pkcs12") == 0)
  		|| (strcmp(s,"P12") == 0) || (strcmp(s,"p12") == 0))
  		return(FORMAT_PKCS12);
  	else if ((*s == 'E') || (*s == 'e'))
  		return(FORMAT_ENGINE);
  	else if ((*s == 'P') || (*s == 'p'))
   		{
   		if (s[1] == 'V' || s[1] == 'v')
   			return FORMAT_PVK;
   		else
    			return(FORMAT_PEM);
   		}
  	else
  		return(FORMAT_UNDEF);
  	}
  
  #if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_MSDOS) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN32) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_WIN16) || defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	int i,n;
  	char *p=NULL;
  
  	n=strlen(in);
  	/* find the last '/', '\' or ':' */
  	for (i=n-1; i>0; i--)
  		{
  		if ((in[i] == '/') || (in[i] == '\\') || (in[i] == ':'))
  			{
  			p= &(in[i+1]);
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	if (p == NULL)
  		p=in;
  	n=strlen(p);
  
  #if defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
     /* strip off trailing .nlm if present. */
     if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
        ((p[n-3] == 'n') || (p[n-3] == 'N')) &&
        ((p[n-2] == 'l') || (p[n-2] == 'L')) &&
        ((p[n-1] == 'm') || (p[n-1] == 'M')))
        n-=4;
  #else
  	/* strip off trailing .exe if present. */
  	if ((n > 4) && (p[n-4] == '.') &&
  		((p[n-3] == 'e') || (p[n-3] == 'E')) &&
  		((p[n-2] == 'x') || (p[n-2] == 'X')) &&
  		((p[n-1] == 'e') || (p[n-1] == 'E')))
  		n-=4;
  #endif
  
  	if (n > size-1)
  		n=size-1;
  
  	for (i=0; i<n; i++)
  		{
  		if ((p[i] >= 'A') && (p[i] <= 'Z'))
  			out[i]=p[i]-'A'+'a';
  		else
  			out[i]=p[i];
  		}
  	out[n]='\0';
  	}
  #else
  #ifdef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	char *p=in, *q;
  	char *chars=":]>";
  
  	while(*chars != '\0')
  		{
  		q=strrchr(p,*chars);
  		if (q > p)
  			p = q + 1;
  		chars++;
  		}
  
  	q=strrchr(p,'.');
  	if (q == NULL)
  		q = p + strlen(p);
  	strncpy(out,p,size-1);
  	if (q-p >= size)
  		{
  		out[size-1]='\0';
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		out[q-p]='\0';
  		}
  	}
  #else
  void program_name(char *in, char *out, int size)
  	{
  	char *p;
  
  	p=strrchr(in,'/');
  	if (p != NULL)
  		p++;
  	else
  		p=in;
  	BUF_strlcpy(out,p,size);
  	}
  #endif
  #endif
  
  int chopup_args(ARGS *arg, char *buf, int *argc, char **argv[])
  	{
  	int num,i;
  	char *p;
  
  	*argc=0;
  	*argv=NULL;
  
  	i=0;
  	if (arg->count == 0)
  		{
  		arg->count=20;
  		arg->data=(char **)OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(char *)*arg->count);
  		}
  	for (i=0; i<arg->count; i++)
  		arg->data[i]=NULL;
  
  	num=0;
  	p=buf;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		/* first scan over white space */
  		if (!*p) break;
  		while (*p && ((*p == ' ') || (*p == '\t') || (*p == '\n')))
  			p++;
  		if (!*p) break;
  
  		/* The start of something good :-) */
  		if (num >= arg->count)
  			{
  			char **tmp_p;
  			int tlen = arg->count + 20;
  			tmp_p = (char **)OPENSSL_realloc(arg->data,
  				sizeof(char *)*tlen);
  			if (tmp_p == NULL)
  				return 0;
  			arg->data  = tmp_p;
  			arg->count = tlen;
  			/* initialize newly allocated data */
  			for (i = num; i < arg->count; i++)
  				arg->data[i] = NULL;
  			}
  		arg->data[num++]=p;
  
  		/* now look for the end of this */
  		if ((*p == '\'') || (*p == '\"')) /* scan for closing quote */
  			{
  			i= *(p++);
  			arg->data[num-1]++; /* jump over quote */
  			while (*p && (*p != i))
  				p++;
  			*p='\0';
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			while (*p && ((*p != ' ') &&
  				(*p != '\t') && (*p != '\n')))
  				p++;
  
  			if (*p == '\0')
  				p--;
  			else
  				*p='\0';
  			}
  		p++;
  		}
  	*argc=num;
  	*argv=arg->data;
  	return(1);
  	}
  
  #ifndef APP_INIT
  int app_init(long mesgwin)
  	{
  	return(1);
  	}
  #endif
  
  
  int dump_cert_text (BIO *out, X509 *x)
  {
  	char *p;
  
  	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_subject_name(x),NULL,0);
  	BIO_puts(out,"subject=");
  	BIO_puts(out,p);
  	OPENSSL_free(p);
  
  	p=X509_NAME_oneline(X509_get_issuer_name(x),NULL,0);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\nissuer=");
  	BIO_puts(out,p);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
  	OPENSSL_free(p);
  
  	return 0;
  }
  
  static int ui_open(UI *ui)
  	{
  	return UI_method_get_opener(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
  	}
  static int ui_read(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
  	{
  	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
  		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
  		{
  		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
  			{
  		case UIT_PROMPT:
  		case UIT_VERIFY:
  			{
  			const char *password =
  				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
  			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
  				{
  				UI_set_result(ui, uis, password);
  				return 1;
  				}
  			}
  		default:
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	return UI_method_get_reader(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
  	}
  static int ui_write(UI *ui, UI_STRING *uis)
  	{
  	if (UI_get_input_flags(uis) & UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD
  		&& UI_get0_user_data(ui))
  		{
  		switch(UI_get_string_type(uis))
  			{
  		case UIT_PROMPT:
  		case UIT_VERIFY:
  			{
  			const char *password =
  				((PW_CB_DATA *)UI_get0_user_data(ui))->password;
  			if (password && password[0] != '\0')
  				return 1;
  			}
  		default:
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	return UI_method_get_writer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui, uis);
  	}
  static int ui_close(UI *ui)
  	{
  	return UI_method_get_closer(UI_OpenSSL())(ui);
  	}
  int setup_ui_method(void)
  	{
  	ui_method = UI_create_method("OpenSSL application user interface");
  	UI_method_set_opener(ui_method, ui_open);
  	UI_method_set_reader(ui_method, ui_read);
  	UI_method_set_writer(ui_method, ui_write);
  	UI_method_set_closer(ui_method, ui_close);
  	return 0;
  	}
  void destroy_ui_method(void)
  	{
  	if(ui_method)
  		{
  		UI_destroy_method(ui_method);
  		ui_method = NULL;
  		}
  	}
  int password_callback(char *buf, int bufsiz, int verify,
  	PW_CB_DATA *cb_tmp)
  	{
  	UI *ui = NULL;
  	int res = 0;
  	const char *prompt_info = NULL;
  	const char *password = NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA *cb_data = (PW_CB_DATA *)cb_tmp;
  
  	if (cb_data)
  		{
  		if (cb_data->password)
  			password = cb_data->password;
  		if (cb_data->prompt_info)
  			prompt_info = cb_data->prompt_info;
  		}
  
  	if (password)
  		{
  		res = strlen(password);
  		if (res > bufsiz)
  			res = bufsiz;
  		memcpy(buf, password, res);
  		return res;
  		}
  
  	ui = UI_new_method(ui_method);
  	if (ui)
  		{
  		int ok = 0;
  		char *buff = NULL;
  		int ui_flags = 0;
  		char *prompt = NULL;
  
  		prompt = UI_construct_prompt(ui, "pass phrase",
  			prompt_info);
  
  		ui_flags |= UI_INPUT_FLAG_DEFAULT_PWD;
  		UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_PRINT_ERRORS, 1, 0, 0);
  
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			ok = UI_add_input_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buf,
  				PW_MIN_LENGTH,bufsiz-1);
  		if (ok >= 0 && verify)
  			{
  			buff = (char *)OPENSSL_malloc(bufsiz);
  			ok = UI_add_verify_string(ui,prompt,ui_flags,buff,
  				PW_MIN_LENGTH,bufsiz-1, buf);
  			}
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			do
  				{
  				ok = UI_process(ui);
  				}
  			while (ok < 0 && UI_ctrl(ui, UI_CTRL_IS_REDOABLE, 0, 0, 0));
  
  		if (buff)
  			{
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buff,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			OPENSSL_free(buff);
  			}
  
  		if (ok >= 0)
  			res = strlen(buf);
  		if (ok == -1)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "User interface error\n");
  			ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			res = 0;
  			}
  		if (ok == -2)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"aborted!\n");
  			OPENSSL_cleanse(buf,(unsigned int)bufsiz);
  			res = 0;
  			}
  		UI_free(ui);
  		OPENSSL_free(prompt);
  		}
  	return res;
  	}
  
  static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio);
  
  int app_passwd(BIO *err, char *arg1, char *arg2, char **pass1, char **pass2)
  {
  	int same;
  	if(!arg2 || !arg1 || strcmp(arg1, arg2)) same = 0;
  	else same = 1;
  	if(arg1) {
  		*pass1 = app_get_pass(err, arg1, same);
  		if(!*pass1) return 0;
  	} else if(pass1) *pass1 = NULL;
  	if(arg2) {
  		*pass2 = app_get_pass(err, arg2, same ? 2 : 0);
  		if(!*pass2) return 0;
  	} else if(pass2) *pass2 = NULL;
  	return 1;
  }
  
  static char *app_get_pass(BIO *err, char *arg, int keepbio)
  {
  	char *tmp, tpass[APP_PASS_LEN];
  	static BIO *pwdbio = NULL;
  	int i;
  	if(!strncmp(arg, "pass:", 5)) return BUF_strdup(arg + 5);
  	if(!strncmp(arg, "env:", 4)) {
  		tmp = getenv(arg + 4);
  		if(!tmp) {
  			BIO_printf(err, "Can't read environment variable %s\n", arg + 4);
  			return NULL;
  		}
  		return BUF_strdup(tmp);
  	}
  	if(!keepbio || !pwdbio) {
  		if(!strncmp(arg, "file:", 5)) {
  			pwdbio = BIO_new_file(arg + 5, "r");
  			if(!pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open file %s\n", arg + 5);
  				return NULL;
  			}
  #if !defined(_WIN32)
  		/*
  		 * Under _WIN32, which covers even Win64 and CE, file
  		 * descriptors referenced by BIO_s_fd are not inherited
  		 * by child process and therefore below is not an option.
  		 * It could have been an option if bss_fd.c was operating
  		 * on real Windows descriptors, such as those obtained
  		 * with CreateFile.
  		 */
  		} else if(!strncmp(arg, "fd:", 3)) {
  			BIO *btmp;
  			i = atoi(arg + 3);
  			if(i >= 0) pwdbio = BIO_new_fd(i, BIO_NOCLOSE);
  			if((i < 0) || !pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't access file descriptor %s\n", arg + 3);
  				return NULL;
  			}
  			/* Can't do BIO_gets on an fd BIO so add a buffering BIO */
  			btmp = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
  			pwdbio = BIO_push(btmp, pwdbio);
  #endif
  		} else if(!strcmp(arg, "stdin")) {
  			pwdbio = BIO_new_fp(stdin, BIO_NOCLOSE);
  			if(!pwdbio) {
  				BIO_printf(err, "Can't open BIO for stdin\n");
  				return NULL;
  			}
  		} else {
  			BIO_printf(err, "Invalid password argument \"%s\"\n", arg);
  			return NULL;
  		}
  	}
  	i = BIO_gets(pwdbio, tpass, APP_PASS_LEN);
  	if(keepbio != 1) {
  		BIO_free_all(pwdbio);
  		pwdbio = NULL;
  	}
  	if(i <= 0) {
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error reading password from BIO\n");
  		return NULL;
  	}
  	tmp = strchr(tpass, '\n');
  	if(tmp) *tmp = 0;
  	return BUF_strdup(tpass);
  }
  
  int add_oid_section(BIO *err, CONF *conf)
  {	
  	char *p;
  	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *sktmp;
  	CONF_VALUE *cnf;
  	int i;
  	if(!(p=NCONF_get_string(conf,NULL,"oid_section")))
  		{
  		ERR_clear_error();
  		return 1;
  		}
  	if(!(sktmp = NCONF_get_section(conf, p))) {
  		BIO_printf(err, "problem loading oid section %s\n", p);
  		return 0;
  	}
  	for(i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(sktmp); i++) {
  		cnf = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(sktmp, i);
  		if(OBJ_create(cnf->value, cnf->name, cnf->name) == NID_undef) {
  			BIO_printf(err, "problem creating object %s=%s\n",
  							 cnf->name, cnf->value);
  			return 0;
  		}
  	}
  	return 1;
  }
  
  static int load_pkcs12(BIO *err, BIO *in, const char *desc,
  		pem_password_cb *pem_cb,  void *cb_data,
  		EVP_PKEY **pkey, X509 **cert, STACK_OF(X509) **ca)
  	{
   	const char *pass;
  	char tpass[PEM_BUFSIZE];
  	int len, ret = 0;
  	PKCS12 *p12;
  	p12 = d2i_PKCS12_bio(in, NULL);
  	if (p12 == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error loading PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);	
  		goto die;
  		}
  	/* See if an empty password will do */
  	if (PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, "", 0) || PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, NULL, 0))
  		pass = "";
  	else
  		{
  		if (!pem_cb)
  			pem_cb = (pem_password_cb *)password_callback;
  		len = pem_cb(tpass, PEM_BUFSIZE, 0, cb_data);
  		if (len < 0) 
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Passpharse callback error for %s\n",
  					desc);
  			goto die;
  			}
  		if (len < PEM_BUFSIZE)
  			tpass[len] = 0;
  		if (!PKCS12_verify_mac(p12, tpass, len))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,
  	"Mac verify error (wrong password?) in PKCS12 file for %s\n", desc);	
  			goto die;
  			}
  		pass = tpass;
  		}
  	ret = PKCS12_parse(p12, pass, pkey, cert, ca);
  	die:
  	if (p12)
  		PKCS12_free(p12);
  	return ret;
  	}
  
  X509 *load_cert(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *cert_descrip)
  	{
  	X509 *x=NULL;
  	BIO *cert;
  
  	if ((cert=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (file == NULL)
  		{
  #ifdef _IONBF
  # ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  # endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
  #endif
  		BIO_set_fp(cert,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		if (BIO_read_filename(cert,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				cert_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if 	(format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		x=d2i_X509_bio(cert,NULL);
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE)
  		{
  		NETSCAPE_X509 *nx;
  		nx=ASN1_item_d2i_bio(ASN1_ITEM_rptr(NETSCAPE_X509),cert,NULL);
  		if (nx == NULL)
  				goto end;
  
  		if ((strncmp(NETSCAPE_CERT_HDR,(char *)nx->header->data,
  			nx->header->length) != 0))
  			{
  			NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
  			BIO_printf(err,"Error reading header on certificate\n");
  			goto end;
  			}
  		x=nx->cert;
  		nx->cert = NULL;
  		NETSCAPE_X509_free(nx);
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		x=PEM_read_bio_X509_AUX(cert,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, NULL);
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
  		{
  		if (!load_pkcs12(err, cert,cert_descrip, NULL, NULL,
  					NULL, &x, NULL))
  			goto end;
  		}
  	else	{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n",
  			cert_descrip);
  		goto end;
  		}
  end:
  	if (x == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load certificate\n");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		}
  	if (cert != NULL) BIO_free(cert);
  	return(x);
  	}
  
  EVP_PKEY *load_key(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
  	{
  	BIO *key=NULL;
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
  		{
  		if (!e)
  			BIO_printf(err,"no engine specified\n");
  		else
  			{
  			pkey = ENGINE_load_private_key(e, file,
  				ui_method, &cb_data);
  			if (!pkey) 
  				{
  				BIO_printf(err,"cannot load %s from engine\n",key_descrip);
  				ERR_print_errors(err);
  				}	
  			}
  		goto end;
  		}
  #endif
  	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (key == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
  		{
  #ifdef _IONBF
  # ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  # endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
  #endif
  		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				key_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  			}
  	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		{
  		pkey=d2i_PrivateKey_bio(key, NULL);
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PrivateKey(key,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		}
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
  		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
  #endif
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PKCS12)
  		{
  		if (!load_pkcs12(err, key, key_descrip,
  				(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data,
  				&pkey, NULL, NULL))
  			goto end;
  		}
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA) && !defined (OPENSSL_NO_RC4)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
  		pkey = b2i_PrivateKey_bio(key);
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PVK)
  		pkey = b2i_PVK_bio(key, (pem_password_cb *)password_callback,
  								&cb_data);
  #endif
  	else
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
   end:
  	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
  	if (pkey == NULL) 
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		}	
  	return(pkey);
  	}
  
  EVP_PKEY *load_pubkey(BIO *err, const char *file, int format, int maybe_stdin,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *key_descrip)
  	{
  	BIO *key=NULL;
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey=NULL;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if (file == NULL && (!maybe_stdin || format == FORMAT_ENGINE))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"no keyfile specified\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  	if (format == FORMAT_ENGINE)
  		{
  		if (!e)
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"no engine specified\n");
  		else
  			pkey = ENGINE_load_public_key(e, file,
  				ui_method, &cb_data);
  		goto end;
  		}
  #endif
  	key=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (key == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		goto end;
  		}
  	if (file == NULL && maybe_stdin)
  		{
  #ifdef _IONBF
  # ifndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF
  		setvbuf(stdin, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
  # endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_SETVBUF_IONBF */
  #endif
  		BIO_set_fp(key,stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		}
  	else
  		if (BIO_read_filename(key,file) <= 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				key_descrip, file);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	if (format == FORMAT_ASN1)
  		{
  		pkey=d2i_PUBKEY_bio(key, NULL);
  		}
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_RSA
  	else if (format == FORMAT_ASN1RSA)
  		{
  		RSA *rsa;
  		rsa = d2i_RSAPublicKey_bio(key, NULL);
  		if (rsa)
  			{
  			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
  			if (pkey)
  				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
  			RSA_free(rsa);
  			}
  		else
  			pkey = NULL;
  		}
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEMRSA)
  		{
  		RSA *rsa;
  		rsa = PEM_read_bio_RSAPublicKey(key, NULL, 
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		if (rsa)
  			{
  			pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
  			if (pkey)
  				EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
  			RSA_free(rsa);
  			}
  		else
  			pkey = NULL;
  		}
  #endif
  	else if (format == FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		pkey=PEM_read_bio_PUBKEY(key,NULL,
  			(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  		}
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_NETSCAPE || format == FORMAT_IISSGC)
  		pkey = load_netscape_key(err, key, file, key_descrip, format);
  #endif
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_DSA)
  	else if (format == FORMAT_MSBLOB)
  		pkey = b2i_PublicKey_bio(key);
  #endif
  	else
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for key file\n");
  		goto end;
  		}
   end:
  	if (key != NULL) BIO_free(key);
  	if (pkey == NULL)
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n", key_descrip);
  	return(pkey);
  	}
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RC4) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_RSA)
  static EVP_PKEY *
  load_netscape_key(BIO *err, BIO *key, const char *file,
  		const char *key_descrip, int format)
  	{
  	EVP_PKEY *pkey;
  	BUF_MEM *buf;
  	RSA	*rsa;
  	const unsigned char *p;
  	int size, i;
  
  	buf=BUF_MEM_new();
  	pkey = EVP_PKEY_new();
  	size = 0;
  	if (buf == NULL || pkey == NULL)
  		goto error;
  	for (;;)
  		{
  		if (!BUF_MEM_grow_clean(buf,size+1024*10))
  			goto error;
  		i = BIO_read(key, &(buf->data[size]), 1024*10);
  		size += i;
  		if (i == 0)
  			break;
  		if (i < 0)
  			{
  				BIO_printf(err, "Error reading %s %s",
  					key_descrip, file);
  				goto error;
  			}
  		}
  	p=(unsigned char *)buf->data;
  	rsa = d2i_RSA_NET(NULL,&p,(long)size,NULL,
  		(format == FORMAT_IISSGC ? 1 : 0));
  	if (rsa == NULL)
  		goto error;
  	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
  	EVP_PKEY_set1_RSA(pkey, rsa);
  	return pkey;
  error:
  	BUF_MEM_free(buf);
  	EVP_PKEY_free(pkey);
  	return NULL;
  	}
  #endif /* ndef OPENSSL_NO_RC4 */
  
  static int load_certs_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc,
  	STACK_OF(X509) **pcerts, STACK_OF(X509_CRL) **pcrls)
  	{
  	int i;
  	BIO *bio;
  	STACK_OF(X509_INFO) *xis = NULL;
  	X509_INFO *xi;
  	PW_CB_DATA cb_data;
  	int rv = 0;
  
  	cb_data.password = pass;
  	cb_data.prompt_info = file;
  
  	if (format != FORMAT_PEM)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err,"bad input format specified for %s\n", desc);
  		return 0;
  		}
  
  	if (file == NULL)
  		bio = BIO_new_fp(stdin,BIO_NOCLOSE);
  	else
  		bio = BIO_new_file(file, "r");
  
  	if (bio == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error opening %s %s\n",
  				desc, file ? file : "stdin");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		return 0;
  		}
  
  	xis = PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio(bio, NULL,
  				(pem_password_cb *)password_callback, &cb_data);
  
  	BIO_free(bio);
  
  	if (pcerts)
  		{
  		*pcerts = sk_X509_new_null();
  		if (!*pcerts)
  			goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (pcrls)
  		{
  		*pcrls = sk_X509_CRL_new_null();
  		if (!*pcrls)
  			goto end;
  		}
  
  	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_INFO_num(xis); i++)
  		{
  		xi = sk_X509_INFO_value (xis, i);
  		if (xi->x509 && pcerts)
  			{
  			if (!sk_X509_push(*pcerts, xi->x509))
  				goto end;
  			xi->x509 = NULL;
  			}
  		if (xi->crl && pcrls)
  			{
  			if (!sk_X509_CRL_push(*pcrls, xi->crl))
  				goto end;
  			xi->crl = NULL;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if (pcerts && sk_X509_num(*pcerts) > 0)
  		rv = 1;
  
  	if (pcrls && sk_X509_CRL_num(*pcrls) > 0)
  		rv = 1;
  
  	end:
  
  	if (xis)
  		sk_X509_INFO_pop_free(xis, X509_INFO_free);
  
  	if (rv == 0)
  		{
  		if (pcerts)
  			{
  			sk_X509_pop_free(*pcerts, X509_free);
  			*pcerts = NULL;
  			}
  		if (pcrls)
  			{
  			sk_X509_CRL_pop_free(*pcrls, X509_CRL_free);
  			*pcrls = NULL;
  			}
  		BIO_printf(err,"unable to load %s\n",
  				pcerts ? "certificates" : "CRLs");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		}
  	return rv;
  	}
  
  STACK_OF(X509) *load_certs(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
  	{
  	STACK_OF(X509) *certs;
  	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, &certs, NULL))
  		return NULL;
  	return certs;
  	}	
  
  STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *load_crls(BIO *err, const char *file, int format,
  	const char *pass, ENGINE *e, const char *desc)
  	{
  	STACK_OF(X509_CRL) *crls;
  	if (!load_certs_crls(err, file, format, pass, e, desc, NULL, &crls))
  		return NULL;
  	return crls;
  	}	
  
  #define X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK		(0xfL << 16)
  /* Return error for unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT		0
  /* Print error for unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN	(1L << 16)
  /* ASN1 parse unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN	(2L << 16)
  /* BIO_dump unknown extensions */
  #define X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN		(3L << 16)
  
  #define X509_FLAG_CA (X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER | X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY | \
  			 X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER | X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION)
  
  int set_cert_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
  {
  	static const NAME_EX_TBL cert_tbl[] = {
  		{ "compatible", X509_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffl},
  		{ "ca_default", X509_FLAG_CA, 0xffffffffl},
  		{ "no_header", X509_FLAG_NO_HEADER, 0},
  		{ "no_version", X509_FLAG_NO_VERSION, 0},
  		{ "no_serial", X509_FLAG_NO_SERIAL, 0},
  		{ "no_signame", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGNAME, 0},
  		{ "no_validity", X509_FLAG_NO_VALIDITY, 0},
  		{ "no_subject", X509_FLAG_NO_SUBJECT, 0},
  		{ "no_issuer", X509_FLAG_NO_ISSUER, 0},
  		{ "no_pubkey", X509_FLAG_NO_PUBKEY, 0},
  		{ "no_extensions", X509_FLAG_NO_EXTENSIONS, 0},
  		{ "no_sigdump", X509_FLAG_NO_SIGDUMP, 0},
  		{ "no_aux", X509_FLAG_NO_AUX, 0},
  		{ "no_attributes", X509_FLAG_NO_ATTRIBUTES, 0},
  		{ "ext_default", X509V3_EXT_DEFAULT, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_error", X509V3_EXT_ERROR_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_parse", X509V3_EXT_PARSE_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ "ext_dump", X509V3_EXT_DUMP_UNKNOWN, X509V3_EXT_UNKNOWN_MASK},
  		{ NULL, 0, 0}
  	};
  	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, cert_tbl);
  }
  
  int set_name_ex(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg)
  {
  	static const NAME_EX_TBL ex_tbl[] = {
  		{ "esc_2253", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_2253, 0},
  		{ "esc_ctrl", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_CTRL, 0},
  		{ "esc_msb", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_MSB, 0},
  		{ "use_quote", ASN1_STRFLGS_ESC_QUOTE, 0},
  		{ "utf8", ASN1_STRFLGS_UTF8_CONVERT, 0},
  		{ "ignore_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_IGNORE_TYPE, 0},
  		{ "show_type", ASN1_STRFLGS_SHOW_TYPE, 0},
  		{ "dump_all", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_ALL, 0},
  		{ "dump_nostr", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_UNKNOWN, 0},
  		{ "dump_der", ASN1_STRFLGS_DUMP_DER, 0},
  		{ "compat", XN_FLAG_COMPAT, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "sep_comma_plus", XN_FLAG_SEP_COMMA_PLUS, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_comma_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_CPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_semi_plus_space", XN_FLAG_SEP_SPLUS_SPC, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "sep_multiline", XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE, XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK},
  		{ "dn_rev", XN_FLAG_DN_REV, 0},
  		{ "nofname", XN_FLAG_FN_NONE, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "sname", XN_FLAG_FN_SN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "lname", XN_FLAG_FN_LN, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "align", XN_FLAG_FN_ALIGN, 0},
  		{ "oid", XN_FLAG_FN_OID, XN_FLAG_FN_MASK},
  		{ "space_eq", XN_FLAG_SPC_EQ, 0},
  		{ "dump_unknown", XN_FLAG_DUMP_UNKNOWN_FIELDS, 0},
  		{ "RFC2253", XN_FLAG_RFC2253, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "oneline", XN_FLAG_ONELINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "multiline", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ "ca_default", XN_FLAG_MULTILINE, 0xffffffffL},
  		{ NULL, 0, 0}
  	};
  	return set_multi_opts(flags, arg, ex_tbl);
  }
  
  int set_ext_copy(int *copy_type, const char *arg)
  {
  	if (!strcasecmp(arg, "none"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_NONE;
  	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copy"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ADD;
  	else if (!strcasecmp(arg, "copyall"))
  		*copy_type = EXT_COPY_ALL;
  	else
  		return 0;
  	return 1;
  }
  
  int copy_extensions(X509 *x, X509_REQ *req, int copy_type)
  {
  	STACK_OF(X509_EXTENSION) *exts = NULL;
  	X509_EXTENSION *ext, *tmpext;
  	ASN1_OBJECT *obj;
  	int i, idx, ret = 0;
  	if (!x || !req || (copy_type == EXT_COPY_NONE))
  		return 1;
  	exts = X509_REQ_get_extensions(req);
  
  	for(i = 0; i < sk_X509_EXTENSION_num(exts); i++) {
  		ext = sk_X509_EXTENSION_value(exts, i);
  		obj = X509_EXTENSION_get_object(ext);
  		idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
  		/* Does extension exist? */
  		if (idx != -1) {
  			/* If normal copy don't override existing extension */
  			if (copy_type == EXT_COPY_ADD)
  				continue;
  			/* Delete all extensions of same type */
  			do {
  				tmpext = X509_get_ext(x, idx);
  				X509_delete_ext(x, idx);
  				X509_EXTENSION_free(tmpext);
  				idx = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x, obj, -1);
  			} while (idx != -1);
  		}
  		if (!X509_add_ext(x, ext, -1))
  			goto end;
  	}
  
  	ret = 1;
  
  	end:
  
  	sk_X509_EXTENSION_pop_free(exts, X509_EXTENSION_free);
  
  	return ret;
  }
  		
  		
  			
  
  static int set_multi_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
  {
  	STACK_OF(CONF_VALUE) *vals;
  	CONF_VALUE *val;
  	int i, ret = 1;
  	if(!arg) return 0;
  	vals = X509V3_parse_list(arg);
  	for (i = 0; i < sk_CONF_VALUE_num(vals); i++) {
  		val = sk_CONF_VALUE_value(vals, i);
  		if (!set_table_opts(flags, val->name, in_tbl))
  			ret = 0;
  	}
  	sk_CONF_VALUE_pop_free(vals, X509V3_conf_free);
  	return ret;
  }
  
  static int set_table_opts(unsigned long *flags, const char *arg, const NAME_EX_TBL *in_tbl)
  {
  	char c;
  	const NAME_EX_TBL *ptbl;
  	c = arg[0];
  
  	if(c == '-') {
  		c = 0;
  		arg++;
  	} else if (c == '+') {
  		c = 1;
  		arg++;
  	} else c = 1;
  
  	for(ptbl = in_tbl; ptbl->name; ptbl++) {
  		if(!strcasecmp(arg, ptbl->name)) {
  			*flags &= ~ptbl->mask;
  			if(c) *flags |= ptbl->flag;
  			else *flags &= ~ptbl->flag;
  			return 1;
  		}
  	}
  	return 0;
  }
  
  void print_name(BIO *out, const char *title, X509_NAME *nm, unsigned long lflags)
  {
  	char *buf;
  	char mline = 0;
  	int indent = 0;
  
  	if(title) BIO_puts(out, title);
  	if((lflags & XN_FLAG_SEP_MASK) == XN_FLAG_SEP_MULTILINE) {
  		mline = 1;
  		indent = 4;
  	}
  	if(lflags == XN_FLAG_COMPAT) {
  		buf = X509_NAME_oneline(nm, 0, 0);
  		BIO_puts(out, buf);
  		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  		OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	} else {
  		if(mline) BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  		X509_NAME_print_ex(out, nm, indent, lflags);
  		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  	}
  }
  
  X509_STORE *setup_verify(BIO *bp, char *CAfile, char *CApath)
  {
  	X509_STORE *store;
  	X509_LOOKUP *lookup;
  	if(!(store = X509_STORE_new())) goto end;
  	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_file());
  	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
  	if (CAfile) {
  		if(!X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,CAfile,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
  			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading file %s\n", CAfile);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	} else X509_LOOKUP_load_file(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
  		
  	lookup=X509_STORE_add_lookup(store,X509_LOOKUP_hash_dir());
  	if (lookup == NULL) goto end;
  	if (CApath) {
  		if(!X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,CApath,X509_FILETYPE_PEM)) {
  			BIO_printf(bp, "Error loading directory %s\n", CApath);
  			goto end;
  		}
  	} else X509_LOOKUP_add_dir(lookup,NULL,X509_FILETYPE_DEFAULT);
  
  	ERR_clear_error();
  	return store;
  	end:
  	X509_STORE_free(store);
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_NO_ENGINE
  /* Try to load an engine in a shareable library */
  static ENGINE *try_load_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
  	{
  	ENGINE *e = ENGINE_by_id("dynamic");
  	if (e)
  		{
  		if (!ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "SO_PATH", engine, 0)
  			|| !ENGINE_ctrl_cmd_string(e, "LOAD", NULL, 0))
  			{
  			ENGINE_free(e);
  			e = NULL;
  			}
  		}
  	return e;
  	}
  
  ENGINE *setup_engine(BIO *err, const char *engine, int debug)
          {
          ENGINE *e = NULL;
  
          if (engine)
                  {
  		if(strcmp(engine, "auto") == 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"enabling auto ENGINE support\n");
  			ENGINE_register_all_complete();
  			return NULL;
  			}
  		if((e = ENGINE_by_id(engine)) == NULL
  			&& (e = try_load_engine(err, engine, debug)) == NULL)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"invalid engine \"%s\"\n", engine);
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			return NULL;
  			}
  		if (debug)
  			{
  			ENGINE_ctrl(e, ENGINE_CTRL_SET_LOGSTREAM,
  				0, err, 0);
  			}
                  ENGINE_ctrl_cmd(e, "SET_USER_INTERFACE", 0, ui_method, 0, 1);
  		if(!ENGINE_set_default(e, ENGINE_METHOD_ALL))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(err,"can't use that engine\n");
  			ERR_print_errors(err);
  			ENGINE_free(e);
  			return NULL;
  			}
  
  		BIO_printf(err,"engine \"%s\" set.\n", ENGINE_get_id(e));
  
  		/* Free our "structural" reference. */
  		ENGINE_free(e);
  		}
          return e;
          }
  #endif
  
  int load_config(BIO *err, CONF *cnf)
  	{
  	static int load_config_called = 0;
  	if (load_config_called)
  		return 1;
  	load_config_called = 1;
  	if (!cnf)
  		cnf = config;
  	if (!cnf)
  		return 1;
  
  	OPENSSL_load_builtin_modules();
  
  	if (CONF_modules_load(cnf, NULL, 0) <= 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(err, "Error configuring OpenSSL\n");
  		ERR_print_errors(err);
  		return 0;
  		}
  	return 1;
  	}
  
  char *make_config_name()
  	{
  	const char *t=X509_get_default_cert_area();
  	size_t len;
  	char *p;
  
  	len=strlen(t)+strlen(OPENSSL_CONF)+2;
  	p=OPENSSL_malloc(len);
  	BUF_strlcpy(p,t,len);
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	BUF_strlcat(p,"/",len);
  #endif
  	BUF_strlcat(p,OPENSSL_CONF,len);
  
  	return p;
  	}
  
  static unsigned long index_serial_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
  	{
  	const char *n;
  
  	n=a[DB_serial];
  	while (*n == '0') n++;
  	return(lh_strhash(n));
  	}
  
  static int index_serial_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
  	{
  	const char *aa,*bb;
  
  	for (aa=a[DB_serial]; *aa == '0'; aa++);
  	for (bb=b[DB_serial]; *bb == '0'; bb++);
  	return(strcmp(aa,bb));
  	}
  
  static int index_name_qual(char **a)
  	{ return(a[0][0] == 'V'); }
  
  static unsigned long index_name_hash(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a)
  	{ return(lh_strhash(a[DB_name])); }
  
  int index_name_cmp(const OPENSSL_CSTRING *a, const OPENSSL_CSTRING *b)
  	{ return(strcmp(a[DB_name], b[DB_name])); }
  
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
  static IMPLEMENT_LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name, OPENSSL_CSTRING)
  
  #undef BSIZE
  #define BSIZE 256
  
  BIGNUM *load_serial(char *serialfile, int create, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
  	{
  	BIO *in=NULL;
  	BIGNUM *ret=NULL;
  	MS_STATIC char buf[1024];
  	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
  
  	ai=ASN1_INTEGER_new();
  	if (ai == NULL) goto err;
  
  	if ((in=BIO_new(BIO_s_file())) == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if (BIO_read_filename(in,serialfile) <= 0)
  		{
  		if (!create)
  			{
  			perror(serialfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			ret=BN_new();
  			if (ret == NULL || !rand_serial(ret, ai))
  				BIO_printf(bio_err, "Out of memory\n");
  			}
  		}
  	else
  		{
  		if (!a2i_ASN1_INTEGER(in,ai,buf,1024))
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to load number from %s\n",
  				serialfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		ret=ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(ai,NULL);
  		if (ret == NULL)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting number from bin to BIGNUM\n");
  			goto err;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if (ret && retai)
  		{
  		*retai = ai;
  		ai = NULL;
  		}
   err:
  	if (in != NULL) BIO_free(in);
  	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
  	return(ret);
  	}
  
  int save_serial(char *serialfile, char *suffix, BIGNUM *serial, ASN1_INTEGER **retai)
  	{
  	char buf[1][BSIZE];
  	BIO *out = NULL;
  	int ret=0;
  	ASN1_INTEGER *ai=NULL;
  	int j;
  
  	if (suffix == NULL)
  		j = strlen(serialfile);
  	else
  		j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(suffix) + 1;
  	if (j >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if (suffix == NULL)
  		BUF_strlcpy(buf[0], serialfile, BSIZE);
  	else
  		{
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", serialfile, suffix);
  #else
  		j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", serialfile, suffix);
  #endif
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
  #endif
  	out=BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	if (out == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(serialfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	if ((ai=BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(serial,NULL)) == NULL)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error converting serial to ASN.1 format\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  	i2a_ASN1_INTEGER(out,ai);
  	BIO_puts(out,"\n");
  	ret=1;
  	if (retai)
  		{
  		*retai = ai;
  		ai = NULL;
  		}
  err:
  	if (out != NULL) BIO_free_all(out);
  	if (ai != NULL) ASN1_INTEGER_free(ai);
  	return(ret);
  	}
  
  int rotate_serial(char *serialfile, char *new_suffix, char *old_suffix)
  	{
  	char buf[5][BSIZE];
  	int i,j;
  
  	i = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
  	j = strlen(serialfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
  	if (i > j) j = i;
  	if (j + 1 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
  		serialfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
  		serialfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
  		serialfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
  		serialfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		serialfile, buf[1]);
  #endif
  	if (rename(serialfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  			&& errno != ENOTDIR
  #endif
  	   )		{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				serialfile, buf[1]);
  			perror("reason");
  			goto err;
  			}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[0],serialfile);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[0],serialfile) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[0],serialfile);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[1],serialfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  int rand_serial(BIGNUM *b, ASN1_INTEGER *ai)
  	{
  	BIGNUM *btmp;
  	int ret = 0;
  	if (b)
  		btmp = b;
  	else
  		btmp = BN_new();
  
  	if (!btmp)
  		return 0;
  
  	if (!BN_pseudo_rand(btmp, SERIAL_RAND_BITS, 0, 0))
  		goto error;
  	if (ai && !BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(btmp, ai))
  		goto error;
  
  	ret = 1;
  	
  	error:
  
  	if (!b)
  		BN_free(btmp);
  	
  	return ret;
  	}
  
  CA_DB *load_index(char *dbfile, DB_ATTR *db_attr)
  	{
  	CA_DB *retdb = NULL;
  	TXT_DB *tmpdb = NULL;
  	BIO *in = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	CONF *dbattr_conf = NULL;
  	char buf[1][BSIZE];
  	long errorline= -1;
  
  	if (in == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if (BIO_read_filename(in,dbfile) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(dbfile);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n",dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	if ((tmpdb = TXT_DB_read(in,DB_NUMBER)) == NULL)
  		goto err;
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  	dbattr_conf = NCONF_new(NULL);
  	if (NCONF_load(dbattr_conf,buf[0],&errorline) <= 0)
  		{
  		if (errorline > 0)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"error on line %ld of db attribute file '%s'\n"
  				,errorline,buf[0]);
  			goto err;
  			}
  		else
  			{
  			NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
  			dbattr_conf = NULL;
  			}
  		}
  
  	if ((retdb = OPENSSL_malloc(sizeof(CA_DB))) == NULL)
  		{
  		fprintf(stderr, "Out of memory\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	retdb->db = tmpdb;
  	tmpdb = NULL;
  	if (db_attr)
  		retdb->attributes = *db_attr;
  	else
  		{
  		retdb->attributes.unique_subject = 1;
  		}
  
  	if (dbattr_conf)
  		{
  		char *p = NCONF_get_string(dbattr_conf,NULL,"unique_subject");
  		if (p)
  			{
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG[load_index]: unique_subject = \"%s\"\n", p);
  #endif
  			retdb->attributes.unique_subject = parse_yesno(p,1);
  			}
  		}
  
   err:
  	if (dbattr_conf) NCONF_free(dbattr_conf);
  	if (tmpdb) TXT_DB_free(tmpdb);
  	if (in) BIO_free_all(in);
  	return retdb;
  	}
  
  int index_index(CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	if (!TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_serial, NULL,
  				LHASH_HASH_FN(index_serial),
  				LHASH_COMP_FN(index_serial)))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  		  "error creating serial number index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
  		  			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
  			return 0;
  		}
  
  	if (db->attributes.unique_subject
  		&& !TXT_DB_create_index(db->db, DB_name, index_name_qual,
  			LHASH_HASH_FN(index_name),
  			LHASH_COMP_FN(index_name)))
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"error creating name index:(%ld,%ld,%ld)\n",
  			db->db->error,db->db->arg1,db->db->arg2);
  		return 0;
  		}
  	return 1;
  	}
  
  int save_index(const char *dbfile, const char *suffix, CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	char buf[3][BSIZE];
  	BIO *out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  	int j;
  
  	if (out == NULL)
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(suffix);
  	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.attr.%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-attr-%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s", dbfile, suffix);
  #endif
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[0]);
  #endif
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[0]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(dbfile);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	j=TXT_DB_write(out,db->db);
  	if (j <= 0) goto err;
  			
  	BIO_free(out);
  
  	out = BIO_new(BIO_s_file());
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: writing \"%s\"\n", buf[1]);
  #endif
  	if (BIO_write_filename(out,buf[1]) <= 0)
  		{
  		perror(buf[2]);
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"unable to open '%s'\n", buf[2]);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	BIO_printf(out,"unique_subject = %s\n",
  		db->attributes.unique_subject ? "yes" : "no");
  	BIO_free(out);
  
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  int rotate_index(const char *dbfile, const char *new_suffix, const char *old_suffix)
  	{
  	char buf[5][BSIZE];
  	int i,j;
  
  	i = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(old_suffix);
  	j = strlen(dbfile) + strlen(new_suffix);
  	if (i > j) j = i;
  	if (j + 6 >= BSIZE)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"file name too long\n");
  		goto err;
  		}
  
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s.attr", dbfile);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[4], sizeof buf[4], "%s-attr", dbfile);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s.attr.%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[2], sizeof buf[2], "%s-attr-%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s.%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[0], sizeof buf[0], "%s-%s",
  		dbfile, new_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s.%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[1], sizeof buf[1], "%s-%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifndef OPENSSL_SYS_VMS
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s.attr.%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #else
  	j = BIO_snprintf(buf[3], sizeof buf[3], "%s-attr-%s",
  		dbfile, old_suffix);
  #endif
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		dbfile, buf[1]);
  #endif
  	if (rename(dbfile,buf[1]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  		&& errno != ENOTDIR
  #endif
  	   )		{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				dbfile, buf[1]);
  			perror("reason");
  			goto err;
  			}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[0],dbfile);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[0],dbfile) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[0],dbfile);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[4],buf[3]);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[4],buf[3]) < 0 && errno != ENOENT
  #ifdef ENOTDIR
  		&& errno != ENOTDIR
  #endif
  	   )		{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,
  				"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  				buf[4], buf[3]);
  			perror("reason");
  			rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
  			rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  			goto err;
  			}
  #ifdef RL_DEBUG
  	BIO_printf(bio_err, "DEBUG: renaming \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n",
  		buf[2],buf[4]);
  #endif
  	if (rename(buf[2],buf[4]) < 0)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,
  			"unable to rename %s to %s\n",
  			buf[2],buf[4]);
  		perror("reason");
  		rename(buf[3],buf[4]);
  		rename(dbfile,buf[0]);
  		rename(buf[1],dbfile);
  		goto err;
  		}
  	return 1;
   err:
  	return 0;
  	}
  
  void free_index(CA_DB *db)
  	{
  	if (db)
  		{
  		if (db->db) TXT_DB_free(db->db);
  		OPENSSL_free(db);
  		}
  	}
  
  int parse_yesno(const char *str, int def)
  	{
  	int ret = def;
  	if (str)
  		{
  		switch (*str)
  			{
  		case 'f': /* false */
  		case 'F': /* FALSE */
  		case 'n': /* no */
  		case 'N': /* NO */
  		case '0': /* 0 */
  			ret = 0;
  			break;
  		case 't': /* true */
  		case 'T': /* TRUE */
  		case 'y': /* yes */
  		case 'Y': /* YES */
  		case '1': /* 1 */
  			ret = 1;
  			break;
  		default:
  			ret = def;
  			break;
  			}
  		}
  	return ret;
  	}
  
  /*
   * subject is expected to be in the format /type0=value0/type1=value1/type2=...
   * where characters may be escaped by \
   */
  X509_NAME *parse_name(char *subject, long chtype, int multirdn)
  	{
  	size_t buflen = strlen(subject)+1; /* to copy the types and values into. due to escaping, the copy can only become shorter */
  	char *buf = OPENSSL_malloc(buflen);
  	size_t max_ne = buflen / 2 + 1; /* maximum number of name elements */
  	char **ne_types = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
  	char **ne_values = OPENSSL_malloc(max_ne * sizeof (char *));
  	int *mval = OPENSSL_malloc (max_ne * sizeof (int));
  
  	char *sp = subject, *bp = buf;
  	int i, ne_num = 0;
  
  	X509_NAME *n = NULL;
  	int nid;
  
  	if (!buf || !ne_types || !ne_values || !mval)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err, "malloc error\n");
  		goto error;
  		}	
  
  	if (*subject != '/')
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject does not start with '/'.\n");
  		goto error;
  		}
  	sp++; /* skip leading / */
  
  	/* no multivalued RDN by default */
  	mval[ne_num] = 0;
  
  	while (*sp)
  		{
  		/* collect type */
  		ne_types[ne_num] = bp;
  		while (*sp)
  			{
  			if (*sp == '\\') /* is there anything to escape in the type...? */
  				{
  				if (*++sp)
  					*bp++ = *sp++;
  				else	
  					{
  					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
  					goto error;
  					}
  				}	
  			else if (*sp == '=')
  				{
  				sp++;
  				*bp++ = '\0';
  				break;
  				}
  			else
  				*bp++ = *sp++;
  			}
  		if (!*sp)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "end of string encountered while processing type of subject name element #%d\n", ne_num);
  			goto error;
  			}
  		ne_values[ne_num] = bp;
  		while (*sp)
  			{
  			if (*sp == '\\')
  				{
  				if (*++sp)
  					*bp++ = *sp++;
  				else
  					{
  					BIO_printf(bio_err, "escape character at end of string\n");
  					goto error;
  					}
  				}
  			else if (*sp == '/')
  				{
  				sp++;
  				/* no multivalued RDN by default */
  				mval[ne_num+1] = 0;
  				break;
  				}
  			else if (*sp == '+' && multirdn)
  				{
  				/* a not escaped + signals a mutlivalued RDN */
  				sp++;
  				mval[ne_num+1] = -1;
  				break;
  				}
  			else
  				*bp++ = *sp++;
  			}
  		*bp++ = '\0';
  		ne_num++;
  		}	
  
  	if (!(n = X509_NAME_new()))
  		goto error;
  
  	for (i = 0; i < ne_num; i++)
  		{
  		if ((nid=OBJ_txt2nid(ne_types[i])) == NID_undef)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "Subject Attribute %s has no known NID, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
  			continue;
  			}
  
  		if (!*ne_values[i])
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err, "No value provided for Subject Attribute %s, skipped\n", ne_types[i]);
  			continue;
  			}
  
  		if (!X509_NAME_add_entry_by_NID(n, nid, chtype, (unsigned char*)ne_values[i], -1,-1,mval[i]))
  			goto error;
  		}
  
  	OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
  	OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
  	OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	OPENSSL_free(mval);
  	return n;
  
  error:
  	X509_NAME_free(n);
  	if (ne_values)
  		OPENSSL_free(ne_values);
  	if (ne_types)
  		OPENSSL_free(ne_types);
  	if (mval)
  		OPENSSL_free(mval);
  	if (buf)
  		OPENSSL_free(buf);
  	return NULL;
  }
  
  int args_verify(char ***pargs, int *pargc,
  			int *badarg, BIO *err, X509_VERIFY_PARAM **pm)
  	{
  	ASN1_OBJECT *otmp = NULL;
  	unsigned long flags = 0;
  	int i;
  	int purpose = 0, depth = -1;
  	char **oldargs = *pargs;
  	char *arg = **pargs, *argn = (*pargs)[1];
  	time_t at_time = 0;
  	if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy"))
  		{
  		if (!argn)
  			*badarg = 1;
  		else
  			{
  			otmp = OBJ_txt2obj(argn, 0);
  			if (!otmp)
  				{
  				BIO_printf(err, "Invalid Policy \"%s\"\n",
  									argn);
  				*badarg = 1;
  				}
  			}
  		(*pargs)++;
  		}
  	else if (strcmp(arg,"-purpose") == 0)
  		{
  		X509_PURPOSE *xptmp;
  		if (!argn)
  			*badarg = 1;
  		else
  			{
  			i = X509_PURPOSE_get_by_sname(argn);
  			if(i < 0)
  				{
  				BIO_printf(err, "unrecognized purpose\n");
  				*badarg = 1;
  				}
  			else
  				{
  				xptmp = X509_PURPOSE_get0(i);
  				purpose = X509_PURPOSE_get_id(xptmp);
  				}
  			}
  		(*pargs)++;
  		}
  	else if (strcmp(arg,"-verify_depth") == 0)
  		{
  		if (!argn)
  			*badarg = 1;
  		else
  			{
  			depth = atoi(argn);
  			if(depth < 0)
  				{
  				BIO_printf(err, "invalid depth\n");
  				*badarg = 1;
  				}
  			}
  		(*pargs)++;
  		}
  	else if (strcmp(arg,"-attime") == 0)
  		{
  		if (!argn)
  			*badarg = 1;
  		else
  			{
  			long timestamp;
  			/* interpret the -attime argument as seconds since
  			 * Epoch */
  			if (sscanf(argn, "%li", &timestamp) != 1)
  				{
  				BIO_printf(bio_err,
  						"Error parsing timestamp %s\n",
  					   	argn);
  				*badarg = 1;
  				}
  			/* on some platforms time_t may be a float */
  			at_time = (time_t) timestamp;
  			}
  		(*pargs)++;
  		}
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-ignore_critical"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_IGNORE_CRITICAL;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-issuer_checks"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CB_ISSUER_CHECK;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check"))
  		flags |=  X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-crl_check_all"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK|X509_V_FLAG_CRL_CHECK_ALL;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_check"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_POLICY_CHECK;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-explicit_policy"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXPLICIT_POLICY;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_any"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_ANY;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-inhibit_map"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_INHIBIT_MAP;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-x509_strict"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_X509_STRICT;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-extended_crl"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_EXTENDED_CRL_SUPPORT;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-use_deltas"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_USE_DELTAS;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-policy_print"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_NOTIFY_POLICY;
  	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-check_ss_sig"))
  		flags |= X509_V_FLAG_CHECK_SS_SIGNATURE;
  	else
  		return 0;
  
  	if (*badarg)
  		{
  		if (*pm)
  			X509_VERIFY_PARAM_free(*pm);
  		*pm = NULL;
  		goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (!*pm && !(*pm = X509_VERIFY_PARAM_new()))
  		{
  		*badarg = 1;
  		goto end;
  		}
  
  	if (otmp)
  		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_add0_policy(*pm, otmp);
  	if (flags)
  		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_flags(*pm, flags);
  
  	if (purpose)
  		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_purpose(*pm, purpose);
  
  	if (depth >= 0)
  		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_depth(*pm, depth);
  
  	if (at_time) 
  		X509_VERIFY_PARAM_set_time(*pm, at_time);
  
  	end:
  
  	(*pargs)++;
  
  	if (pargc)
  		*pargc -= *pargs - oldargs;
  
  	return 1;
  
  	}
  
  /* Read whole contents of a BIO into an allocated memory buffer and
   * return it.
   */
  
  int bio_to_mem(unsigned char **out, int maxlen, BIO *in)
  	{
  	BIO *mem;
  	int len, ret;
  	unsigned char tbuf[1024];
  	mem = BIO_new(BIO_s_mem());
  	if (!mem)
  		return -1;
  	for(;;)
  		{
  		if ((maxlen != -1) && maxlen < 1024)
  			len = maxlen;
  		else
  			len = 1024;
  		len = BIO_read(in, tbuf, len);
  		if (len <= 0)
  			break;
  		if (BIO_write(mem, tbuf, len) != len)
  			{
  			BIO_free(mem);
  			return -1;
  			}
  		maxlen -= len;
  
  		if (maxlen == 0)
  			break;
  		}
  	ret = BIO_get_mem_data(mem, (char **)out);
  	BIO_set_flags(mem, BIO_FLAGS_MEM_RDONLY);
  	BIO_free(mem);
  	return ret;
  	}
  
  int pkey_ctrl_string(EVP_PKEY_CTX *ctx, char *value)
  	{
  	int rv;
  	char *stmp, *vtmp = NULL;
  	stmp = BUF_strdup(value);
  	if (!stmp)
  		return -1;
  	vtmp = strchr(stmp, ':');
  	if (vtmp)
  		{
  		*vtmp = 0;
  		vtmp++;
  		}
  	rv = EVP_PKEY_CTX_ctrl_str(ctx, stmp, vtmp);
  	OPENSSL_free(stmp);
  	return rv;
  	}
  
  static void nodes_print(BIO *out, const char *name,
  	STACK_OF(X509_POLICY_NODE) *nodes)
  	{
  	X509_POLICY_NODE *node;
  	int i;
  	BIO_printf(out, "%s Policies:", name);
  	if (nodes)
  		{
  		BIO_puts(out, "\n");
  		for (i = 0; i < sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_num(nodes); i++)
  			{
  			node = sk_X509_POLICY_NODE_value(nodes, i);
  			X509_POLICY_NODE_print(out, node, 2);
  			}
  		}
  	else
  		BIO_puts(out, " <empty>\n");
  	}
  
  void policies_print(BIO *out, X509_STORE_CTX *ctx)
  	{
  	X509_POLICY_TREE *tree;
  	int explicit_policy;
  	int free_out = 0;
  	if (out == NULL)
  		{
  		out = BIO_new_fp(stderr, BIO_NOCLOSE);
  		free_out = 1;
  		}
  	tree = X509_STORE_CTX_get0_policy_tree(ctx);
  	explicit_policy = X509_STORE_CTX_get_explicit_policy(ctx);
  
  	BIO_printf(out, "Require explicit Policy: %s\n",
  				explicit_policy ? "True" : "False");
  
  	nodes_print(out, "Authority", X509_policy_tree_get0_policies(tree));
  	nodes_print(out, "User", X509_policy_tree_get0_user_policies(tree));
  	if (free_out)
  		BIO_free(out);
  	}
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_JPAKE) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_PSK)
  
  static JPAKE_CTX *jpake_init(const char *us, const char *them,
  							 const char *secret)
  	{
  	BIGNUM *p = NULL;
  	BIGNUM *g = NULL;
  	BIGNUM *q = NULL;
  	BIGNUM *bnsecret = BN_new();
  	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
  
  	/* Use a safe prime for p (that we found earlier) */
  	BN_hex2bn(&p, "F9E5B365665EA7A05A9C534502780FEE6F1AB5BD4F49947FD036DBD7E905269AF46EF28B0FC07487EE4F5D20FB3C0AF8E700F3A2FA3414970CBED44FEDFF80CE78D800F184BB82435D137AADA2C6C16523247930A63B85661D1FC817A51ACD96168E95898A1F83A79FFB529368AA7833ABD1B0C3AEDDB14D2E1A2F71D99F763F");
  	g = BN_new();
  	BN_set_word(g, 2);
  	q = BN_new();
  	BN_rshift1(q, p);
  
  	BN_bin2bn((const unsigned char *)secret, strlen(secret), bnsecret);
  
  	ctx = JPAKE_CTX_new(us, them, p, g, q, bnsecret);
  	BN_free(bnsecret);
  	BN_free(q);
  	BN_free(g);
  	BN_free(p);
  
  	return ctx;
  	}
  
  static void jpake_send_part(BIO *conn, const JPAKE_STEP_PART *p)
  	{
  	BN_print(conn, p->gx);
  	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
  	BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.gr);
  	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
  	BN_print(conn, p->zkpx.b);
  	BIO_puts(conn, "\n");
  	}
  
  static void jpake_send_step1(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
  	JPAKE_STEP1_generate(&s1, ctx);
  	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p1);
  	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s1.p2);
  	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
  	JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_send_step2(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
  	JPAKE_STEP2_generate(&s2, ctx);
  	jpake_send_part(bconn, &s2);
  	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
  	JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_send_step3a(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
  	JPAKE_STEP3A_generate(&s3a, ctx);
  	BIO_write(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
  	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
  	JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_send_step3b(BIO *bconn, JPAKE_CTX *ctx)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
  	JPAKE_STEP3B_generate(&s3b, ctx);
  	BIO_write(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
  	(void)BIO_flush(bconn);
  	JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
  	}
  
  static void readbn(BIGNUM **bn, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	char buf[10240];
  	int l;
  
  	l = BIO_gets(bconn, buf, sizeof buf);
  	assert(l > 0);
  	assert(buf[l-1] == '\n');
  	buf[l-1] = '\0';
  	BN_hex2bn(bn, buf);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_receive_part(JPAKE_STEP_PART *p, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	readbn(&p->gx, bconn);
  	readbn(&p->zkpx.gr, bconn);
  	readbn(&p->zkpx.b, bconn);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_receive_step1(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP1 s1;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP1_init(&s1);
  	jpake_receive_part(&s1.p1, bconn);
  	jpake_receive_part(&s1.p2, bconn);
  	if(!JPAKE_STEP1_process(ctx, &s1))
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		exit(1);
  		}
  	JPAKE_STEP1_release(&s1);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_receive_step2(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP2 s2;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP2_init(&s2);
  	jpake_receive_part(&s2, bconn);
  	if(!JPAKE_STEP2_process(ctx, &s2))
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		exit(1);
  		}
  	JPAKE_STEP2_release(&s2);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_receive_step3a(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP3A s3a;
  	int l;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP3A_init(&s3a);
  	l = BIO_read(bconn, s3a.hhk, sizeof s3a.hhk);
  	assert(l == sizeof s3a.hhk);
  	if(!JPAKE_STEP3A_process(ctx, &s3a))
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		exit(1);
  		}
  	JPAKE_STEP3A_release(&s3a);
  	}
  
  static void jpake_receive_step3b(JPAKE_CTX *ctx, BIO *bconn)
  	{
  	JPAKE_STEP3B s3b;
  	int l;
  
  	JPAKE_STEP3B_init(&s3b);
  	l = BIO_read(bconn, s3b.hk, sizeof s3b.hk);
  	assert(l == sizeof s3b.hk);
  	if(!JPAKE_STEP3B_process(ctx, &s3b))
  		{
  		ERR_print_errors(bio_err);
  		exit(1);
  		}
  	JPAKE_STEP3B_release(&s3b);
  	}
  
  void jpake_client_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
  	{
  	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
  	BIO *bconn;
  
  	BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
  
  	ctx = jpake_init("client", "server", secret);
  
  	bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
  	BIO_push(bconn, conn);
  
  	jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
  	jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
  	jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
  	jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
  	jpake_send_step3a(bconn, ctx);
  	jpake_receive_step3b(ctx, bconn);
  
  	BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
  
  	psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
  
  	BIO_pop(bconn);
  	BIO_free(bconn);
  
  	JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
  	}
  
  void jpake_server_auth(BIO *out, BIO *conn, const char *secret)
  	{
  	JPAKE_CTX *ctx;
  	BIO *bconn;
  
  	BIO_puts(out, "Authenticating with JPAKE\n");
  
  	ctx = jpake_init("server", "client", secret);
  
  	bconn = BIO_new(BIO_f_buffer());
  	BIO_push(bconn, conn);
  
  	jpake_receive_step1(ctx, bconn);
  	jpake_send_step1(bconn, ctx);
  	jpake_receive_step2(ctx, bconn);
  	jpake_send_step2(bconn, ctx);
  	jpake_receive_step3a(ctx, bconn);
  	jpake_send_step3b(bconn, ctx);
  
  	BIO_puts(out, "JPAKE authentication succeeded, setting PSK\n");
  
  	psk_key = BN_bn2hex(JPAKE_get_shared_key(ctx));
  
  	BIO_pop(bconn);
  	BIO_free(bconn);
  
  	JPAKE_CTX_free(ctx);
  	}
  
  #endif
  
  #if !defined(OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT) && !defined(OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG)
  /* next_protos_parse parses a comma separated list of strings into a string
   * in a format suitable for passing to SSL_CTX_set_next_protos_advertised.
   *   outlen: (output) set to the length of the resulting buffer on success.
   *   err: (maybe NULL) on failure, an error message line is written to this BIO.
   *   in: a NUL termianted string like "abc,def,ghi"
   *
   *   returns: a malloced buffer or NULL on failure.
   */
  unsigned char *next_protos_parse(unsigned short *outlen, const char *in)
  	{
  	size_t len;
  	unsigned char *out;
  	size_t i, start = 0;
  
  	len = strlen(in);
  	if (len >= 65535)
  		return NULL;
  
  	out = OPENSSL_malloc(strlen(in) + 1);
  	if (!out)
  		return NULL;
  
  	for (i = 0; i <= len; ++i)
  		{
  		if (i == len || in[i] == ',')
  			{
  			if (i - start > 255)
  				{
  				OPENSSL_free(out);
  				return NULL;
  				}
  			out[start] = i - start;
  			start = i + 1;
  			}
  		else
  			out[i+1] = in[i];
  		}
  
  	*outlen = len + 1;
  	return out;
  	}
  #endif  /* !OPENSSL_NO_TLSEXT && !OPENSSL_NO_NEXTPROTONEG */
  
  /*
   * Platform-specific sections
   */
  #if defined(_WIN32)
  # ifdef fileno
  #  undef fileno
  #  define fileno(a) (int)_fileno(a)
  # endif
  
  # include <windows.h>
  # include <tchar.h>
  
  static int WIN32_rename(const char *from, const char *to)
  	{
  	TCHAR  *tfrom=NULL,*tto;
  	DWORD	err;
  	int	ret=0;
  
  	if (sizeof(TCHAR) == 1)
  		{
  		tfrom = (TCHAR *)from;
  		tto   = (TCHAR *)to;
  		}
  	else	/* UNICODE path */
  		{
  		size_t i,flen=strlen(from)+1,tlen=strlen(to)+1;
  		tfrom = (TCHAR *)malloc(sizeof(TCHAR)*(flen+tlen));
  		if (tfrom==NULL) goto err;
  		tto=tfrom+flen;
  #if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
  		if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,from,flen,(WCHAR *)tfrom,flen))
  #endif
  			for (i=0;i<flen;i++)	tfrom[i]=(TCHAR)from[i];
  #if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
  		if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,to,  tlen,(WCHAR *)tto,  tlen))
  #endif
  			for (i=0;i<tlen;i++)	tto[i]  =(TCHAR)to[i];
  		}
  
  	if (MoveFile(tfrom,tto))	goto ok;
  	err=GetLastError();
  	if (err==ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS || err==ERROR_FILE_EXISTS)
  		{
  		if (DeleteFile(tto) && MoveFile(tfrom,tto))
  			goto ok;
  		err=GetLastError();
  		}
  	if (err==ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND || err==ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND)
  		errno = ENOENT;
  	else if (err==ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
  		errno = EACCES;
  	else
  		errno = EINVAL;	/* we could map more codes... */
  err:
  	ret=-1;
  ok:
  	if (tfrom!=NULL && tfrom!=(TCHAR *)from)	free(tfrom);
  	return ret;
  	}
  #endif
  
  /* app_tminterval section */
  #if defined(_WIN32)
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	FILETIME		now;
  	double			ret=0;
  	static ULARGE_INTEGER	tmstart;
  	static int		warning=1;
  #ifdef _WIN32_WINNT
  	static HANDLE		proc=NULL;
  
  	if (proc==NULL)
  		{
  		if (check_winnt())
  			proc = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,FALSE,
  						GetCurrentProcessId());
  		if (proc==NULL) proc = (HANDLE)-1;
  		}
  
  	if (usertime && proc!=(HANDLE)-1)
  		{
  		FILETIME junk;
  		GetProcessTimes(proc,&junk,&junk,&junk,&now);
  		}
  	else
  #endif
  		{
  		SYSTEMTIME systime;
  
  		if (usertime && warning)
  			{
  			BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
  					   "this program on idle system.\n");
  			warning=0;
  			}
  		GetSystemTime(&systime);
  		SystemTimeToFileTime(&systime,&now);
  		}
  
  	if (stop==TM_START)
  		{
  		tmstart.u.LowPart  = now.dwLowDateTime;
  		tmstart.u.HighPart = now.dwHighDateTime;
  		}
  	else	{
  		ULARGE_INTEGER tmstop;
  
  		tmstop.u.LowPart   = now.dwLowDateTime;
  		tmstop.u.HighPart  = now.dwHighDateTime;
  
  		ret = (__int64)(tmstop.QuadPart - tmstart.QuadPart)*1e-7;
  		}
  
  	return (ret);
  	}
  
  #elif defined(OPENSSL_SYS_NETWARE)
  #include <time.h>
  
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	double		ret=0;
  	static clock_t	tmstart;
  	static int	warning=1;
  
  	if (usertime && warning)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
  				   "this program on idle system.\n");
  		warning=0;
  		}
  
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = clock();
  	else			ret     = (clock()-tmstart)/(double)CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
  
  	return (ret);
  	}
  
  #elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VXWORKS)
  #include <time.h>
  
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	double ret=0;
  #ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
  	static struct timespec	tmstart;
  	struct timespec		now;
  #else
  	static unsigned long	tmstart;
  	unsigned long		now;
  #endif
  	static int warning=1;
  
  	if (usertime && warning)
  		{
  		BIO_printf(bio_err,"To get meaningful results, run "
  				   "this program on idle system.\n");
  		warning=0;
  		}
  
  #ifdef CLOCK_REALTIME
  	clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME,&now);
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
  	else	ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_nsec*1e-9)
  			- (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_nsec*1e-9) );
  #else
  	now = tickGet();
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
  	else			ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)sysClkRateGet();
  #endif
  	return (ret);
  	}
  
  #elif defined(OPENSSL_SYSTEM_VMS)
  #include <time.h>
  #include <times.h>
  
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	static clock_t	tmstart;
  	double		ret = 0;
  	clock_t		now;
  #ifdef __TMS
  	struct tms	rus;
  
  	now = times(&rus);
  	if (usertime)	now = rus.tms_utime;
  #else
  	if (usertime)
  		now = clock(); /* sum of user and kernel times */
  	else	{
  		struct timeval tv;
  		gettimeofday(&tv,NULL);
  		now = (clock_t)(
  			(unsigned long long)tv.tv_sec*CLK_TCK +
  			(unsigned long long)tv.tv_usec*(1000000/CLK_TCK)
  			);
  		}
  #endif
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
  	else			ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)(CLK_TCK);
  
  	return (ret);
  	}
  
  #elif defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)	/* by means of unistd.h */
  #include <sys/times.h>
  
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	double		ret = 0;
  	struct tms	rus;
  	clock_t		now = times(&rus);
  	static clock_t	tmstart;
  
  	if (usertime)		now = rus.tms_utime;
  
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
  	else
  		{
  		long int tck = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
  		ret = (now - tmstart)/(double)tck;
  		}
  
  	return (ret);
  	}
  
  #else
  #include <sys/time.h>
  #include <sys/resource.h>
  
  double app_tminterval(int stop,int usertime)
  	{
  	double		ret = 0;
  	struct rusage	rus;
  	struct timeval	now;
  	static struct timeval tmstart;
  
  	if (usertime)		getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF,&rus), now = rus.ru_utime;
  	else			gettimeofday(&now,NULL);
  
  	if (stop==TM_START)	tmstart = now;
  	else			ret = ( (now.tv_sec+now.tv_usec*1e-6)
  					- (tmstart.tv_sec+tmstart.tv_usec*1e-6) );
  
  	return ret;
  	}
  #endif
  
  /* app_isdir section */
  #ifdef _WIN32
  int app_isdir(const char *name)
  	{
  	HANDLE		hList;
  	WIN32_FIND_DATA	FileData;
  #if defined(UNICODE) || defined(_UNICODE)
  	size_t i, len_0 = strlen(name)+1;
  
  	if (len_0 > sizeof(FileData.cFileName)/sizeof(FileData.cFileName[0]))
  		return -1;
  
  #if !defined(_WIN32_WCE) || _WIN32_WCE>=101
  	if (!MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP,0,name,len_0,FileData.cFileName,len_0))
  #endif
  		for (i=0;i<len_0;i++)
  			FileData.cFileName[i] = (WCHAR)name[i];
  
  	hList = FindFirstFile(FileData.cFileName,&FileData);
  #else
  	hList = FindFirstFile(name,&FileData);
  #endif
  	if (hList == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)	return -1;
  	FindClose(hList);
  	return ((FileData.dwFileAttributes&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)!=0);
  	}
  #else
  #include <sys/stat.h>
  #ifndef S_ISDIR
  # if defined(_S_IFMT) && defined(_S_IFDIR)
  #  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & _S_IFMT) == _S_IFDIR)
  # else 
  #  define S_ISDIR(a)   (((a) & S_IFMT) == S_IFDIR)
  # endif 
  #endif 
  
  int app_isdir(const char *name)
  	{
  #if defined(S_ISDIR)
  	struct stat st;
  
  	if (stat(name,&st)==0)	return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
  	else			return -1;
  #else
  	return -1;
  #endif
  	}
  #endif
  
  /* raw_read|write section */
  #if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_INPUT_HANDLE)
  int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
  	{
  	DWORD n;
  	if (ReadFile(GetStdHandle(STD_INPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
  		return (n);
  	else	return (-1);
  	}
  #else
  int raw_read_stdin(void *buf,int siz)
  	{	return read(fileno(stdin),buf,siz);	}
  #endif
  
  #if defined(_WIN32) && defined(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
  int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
  	{
  	DWORD n;
  	if (WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE),buf,siz,&n,NULL))
  		return (n);
  	else	return (-1);
  	}
  #else
  int raw_write_stdout(const void *buf,int siz)
  	{	return write(fileno(stdout),buf,siz);	}
  #endif
  