text: /*
   * libev event processing core, watcher management
   *
   * Copyright (c) 2007,2008,2009,2010 Marc Alexander Lehmann <libev@schmorp.de>
   * All rights reserved.
   *
   * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modifica-
   * tion, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
   * 
   *   1.  Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
   *       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   * 
   *   2.  Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   *       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   *       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   * 
   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
   * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
   * CHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO
   * EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPE-
   * CIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
   * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
   * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
   * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTH-
   * ERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
   * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   *
   * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
   * the GNU General Public License ("GPL") version 2 or any later version,
   * in which case the provisions of the GPL are applicable instead of
   * the above. If you wish to allow the use of your version of this file
   * only under the terms of the GPL and not to allow others to use your
   * version of this file under the BSD license, indicate your decision
   * by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
   * and other provisions required by the GPL. If you do not delete the
   * provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
   * either the BSD or the GPL.
   */
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  #endif
  
  /* this big block deduces configuration from config.h */
  #ifndef EV_STANDALONE
  # ifdef EV_CONFIG_H
  #  include EV_CONFIG_H
  # else
  #  include "config.h"
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #  ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #   define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 1
  #   ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #    define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #   endif
  #   ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #    define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  #   endif
  #  endif
  # elif !defined(EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL)
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_CLOCK_GETTIME
  #  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  #  endif
  #  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #  endif
  # else
  #  ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #   define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  #  endif
  #  ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  #   define EV_USE_REALTIME  0
  #  endif
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_NANOSLEEP
  #  ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  #    define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #   undef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  #   define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_SELECT && HAVE_SYS_SELECT_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
  #   define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_SELECT
  #  define EV_USE_SELECT 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_POLL && HAVE_POLL_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_POLL
  #   define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_POLL
  #  define EV_USE_POLL 0
  # endif
     
  # if HAVE_EPOLL_CTL && HAVE_SYS_EPOLL_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
  #   define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_EPOLL
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
  # endif
     
  # if HAVE_KQUEUE && HAVE_SYS_EVENT_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  #   define EV_USE_KQUEUE EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  #  define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
  # endif
     
  # if HAVE_PORT_H && HAVE_PORT_CREATE
  #  ifndef EV_USE_PORT
  #   define EV_USE_PORT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_PORT
  #  define EV_USE_PORT 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_INOTIFY_INIT && HAVE_SYS_INOTIFY_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #   define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_SIGNALFD && HAVE_SYS_SIGNALFD_H
  #  ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  #   define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
  # endif
  
  # if HAVE_EVENTFD
  #  ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  #   define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  #  endif
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
  # endif
   
  #endif
  
  #include <math.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <fcntl.h>
  #include <stddef.h>
  
  #include <stdio.h>
  
  #include <assert.h>
  #include <errno.h>
  #include <sys/types.h>
  #include <time.h>
  #include <limits.h>
  
  #include <signal.h>
  
  #ifdef EV_H
  # include EV_H
  #else
  # include "ev.h"
  #endif
  
  #ifndef _WIN32
  # include <sys/time.h>
  # include <sys/wait.h>
  # include <unistd.h>
  #else
  # include <io.h>
  # define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
  # include <windows.h>
  # ifndef EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
  #  define EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET 1
  # endif
  # undef EV_AVOID_STDIO
  #endif
  
  /* OS X, in its infinite idiocy, actually HARDCODES
   * a limit of 1024 into their select. Where people have brains,
   * OS X engineers apparently have a vacuum. Or maybe they were
   * ordered to have a vacuum, or they do anything for money.
   * This might help. Or not.
   */
  #define _DARWIN_UNLIMITED_SELECT 1
  
  /* this block tries to deduce configuration from header-defined symbols and defaults */
  
  /* try to deduce the maximum number of signals on this platform */
  #if defined (EV_NSIG)
  /* use what's provided */
  #elif defined (NSIG)
  # define EV_NSIG (NSIG)
  #elif defined(_NSIG)
  # define EV_NSIG (_NSIG)
  #elif defined (SIGMAX)
  # define EV_NSIG (SIGMAX+1)
  #elif defined (SIG_MAX)
  # define EV_NSIG (SIG_MAX+1)
  #elif defined (_SIG_MAX)
  # define EV_NSIG (_SIG_MAX+1)
  #elif defined (MAXSIG)
  # define EV_NSIG (MAXSIG+1)
  #elif defined (MAX_SIG)
  # define EV_NSIG (MAX_SIG+1)
  #elif defined (SIGARRAYSIZE)
  # define EV_NSIG (SIGARRAYSIZE) /* Assume ary[SIGARRAYSIZE] */
  #elif defined (_sys_nsig)
  # define EV_NSIG (_sys_nsig) /* Solaris 2.5 */
  #else
  # error "unable to find value for NSIG, please report"
  /* to make it compile regardless, just remove the above line, */
  /* but consider reporting it, too! :) */
  # define EV_NSIG 65
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  # if __linux && __GLIBC__ >= 2
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  # if defined (_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK) && _POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK >= 0
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_REALTIME
  # define EV_USE_REALTIME !EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  # if _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199309L
  #  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_NANOSLEEP 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_SELECT
  # define EV_USE_SELECT EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_POLL
  # ifdef _WIN32
  #  define EV_USE_POLL 0
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_POLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_EPOLL
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL EV_FEATURE_BACKENDS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_EPOLL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_KQUEUE
  # define EV_USE_KQUEUE 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_PORT
  # define EV_USE_PORT 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 4))
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_PID_HASHSIZE
  # define EV_PID_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE
  # define EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE EV_FEATURE_DATA ? 16 : 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_EVENTFD
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_EVENTFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  # if __linux && (__GLIBC__ > 2 || (__GLIBC__ == 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR__ >= 7))
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD EV_FEATURE_OS
  # else
  #  define EV_USE_SIGNALFD 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if 0 /* debugging */
  # define EV_VERIFY 3
  # define EV_USE_4HEAP 1
  # define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT 1
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_VERIFY
  # define EV_VERIFY (EV_FEATURE_API ? 1 : 0)
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_USE_4HEAP
  # define EV_USE_4HEAP EV_FEATURE_DATA
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
  # define EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT EV_FEATURE_DATA
  #endif
  
  /* on linux, we can use a (slow) syscall to avoid a dependency on pthread, */
  /* which makes programs even slower. might work on other unices, too. */
  #if EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  # include <syscall.h>
  # ifdef SYS_clock_gettime
  #  define clock_gettime(id, ts) syscall (SYS_clock_gettime, (id), (ts))
  #  undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  #  define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 1
  # else
  #  undef EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL
  #  define EV_USE_CLOCK_SYSCALL 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  /* this block fixes any misconfiguration where we know we run into trouble otherwise */
  
  #ifdef _AIX
  /* AIX has a completely broken poll.h header */
  # undef EV_USE_POLL
  # define EV_USE_POLL 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
  # undef EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  # define EV_USE_MONOTONIC 0
  #endif
  
  #ifndef CLOCK_REALTIME
  # undef EV_USE_REALTIME
  # define EV_USE_REALTIME 0
  #endif
  
  #if !EV_STAT_ENABLE
  # undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  #endif
  
  #if !EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
  # ifndef _WIN32
  #  include <sys/select.h>
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  # include <sys/utsname.h>
  # include <sys/statfs.h>
  # include <sys/inotify.h>
  /* some very old inotify.h headers don't have IN_DONT_FOLLOW */
  # ifndef IN_DONT_FOLLOW
  #  undef EV_USE_INOTIFY
  #  define EV_USE_INOTIFY 0
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
  # include <winsock.h>
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
  /* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
  # include <stdint.h>
  # ifndef EFD_NONBLOCK
  #  define EFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
  # endif
  # ifndef EFD_CLOEXEC
  #  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
  #   define EFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
  #  else
  #   define EFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
  #  endif
  # endif
  # ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  # endif
  int (eventfd) (unsigned int initval, int flags);
  # ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  /* our minimum requirement is glibc 2.7 which has the stub, but not the header */
  # include <stdint.h>
  # ifndef SFD_NONBLOCK
  #  define SFD_NONBLOCK O_NONBLOCK
  # endif
  # ifndef SFD_CLOEXEC
  #  ifdef O_CLOEXEC
  #   define SFD_CLOEXEC O_CLOEXEC
  #  else
  #   define SFD_CLOEXEC 02000000
  #  endif
  # endif
  # ifdef __cplusplus
  extern "C" {
  # endif
  int signalfd (int fd, const sigset_t *mask, int flags);
  
  struct signalfd_siginfo
  {
    uint32_t ssi_signo;
    char pad[128 - sizeof (uint32_t)];
  };
  # ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  # endif
  #endif
  
  /**/
  
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 3
  # define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK ev_verify (EV_A)
  #else
  # define EV_FREQUENT_CHECK do { } while (0)
  #endif
  
  /*
   * This is used to avoid floating point rounding problems.
   * It is added to ev_rt_now when scheduling periodics
   * to ensure progress, time-wise, even when rounding
   * errors are against us.
   * This value is good at least till the year 4000.
   * Better solutions welcome.
   */
  #define TIME_EPSILON  0.0001220703125 /* 1/8192 */
  
  #define MIN_TIMEJUMP  1. /* minimum timejump that gets detected (if monotonic clock available) */
  #define MAX_BLOCKTIME 59.743 /* never wait longer than this time (to detect time jumps) */
  
  #define EV_TV_SET(tv,t) do { tv.tv_sec = (long)t; tv.tv_usec = (long)((t - tv.tv_sec) * 1e6); } while (0)
  #define EV_TS_SET(ts,t) do { ts.tv_sec = (long)t; ts.tv_nsec = (long)((t - ts.tv_sec) * 1e9); } while (0)
  
  #if __GNUC__ >= 4
  # define expect(expr,value)         __builtin_expect ((expr),(value))
  # define noinline                   __attribute__ ((noinline))
  #else
  # define expect(expr,value)         (expr)
  # define noinline
  # if __STDC_VERSION__ < 199901L && __GNUC__ < 2
  #  define inline
  # endif
  #endif
  
  #define expect_false(expr) expect ((expr) != 0, 0)
  #define expect_true(expr)  expect ((expr) != 0, 1)
  #define inline_size        static inline
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_CODE
  # define inline_speed      static inline
  #else
  # define inline_speed      static noinline
  #endif
  
  #define NUMPRI (EV_MAXPRI - EV_MINPRI + 1)
  
  #if EV_MINPRI == EV_MAXPRI
  # define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w), 0)
  #else
  # define ABSPRI(w) (((W)w)->priority - EV_MINPRI)
  #endif
  
  #define EMPTY       /* required for microsofts broken pseudo-c compiler */
  #define EMPTY2(a,b) /* used to suppress some warnings */
  
  typedef ev_watcher *W;
  typedef ev_watcher_list *WL;
  typedef ev_watcher_time *WT;
  
  #define ev_active(w) ((W)(w))->active
  #define ev_at(w) ((WT)(w))->at
  
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
  /* sig_atomic_t is used to avoid per-thread variables or locking but still */
  /* giving it a reasonably high chance of working on typical architectures */
  static EV_ATOMIC_T have_realtime; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME) work? */
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
  static EV_ATOMIC_T have_monotonic; /* did clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC) work? */
  #endif
  
  #ifndef EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE
  # define EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE(fd) _get_osfhandle (fd)
  #endif
  #ifndef EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD
  # define EV_WIN32_HANDLE_TO_FD(handle) _open_osfhandle (handle, 0)
  #endif
  #ifndef EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD
  # define EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD(fd) close (fd)
  #endif
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
  # include "ev_win32.c"
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
  static void noinline
  ev_printerr (const char *msg)
  {
    write (STDERR_FILENO, msg, strlen (msg));
  }
  #endif
  
  static void (*syserr_cb)(const char *msg);
  
  void
  ev_set_syserr_cb (void (*cb)(const char *msg))
  {
    syserr_cb = cb;
  }
  
  static void noinline
  ev_syserr (const char *msg)
  {
    if (!msg)
      msg = "(libev) system error";
  
    if (syserr_cb)
      syserr_cb (msg);
    else
      {
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
        const char *err = strerror (errno);
  
        ev_printerr (msg);
        ev_printerr (": ");
        ev_printerr (err);
        ev_printerr ("\n");
  #else
        perror (msg);
  #endif
        abort ();
      }
  }
  
  static void *
  ev_realloc_emul (void *ptr, long size)
  {
  #if __GLIBC__
    return realloc (ptr, size);
  #else
    /* some systems, notably openbsd and darwin, fail to properly
     * implement realloc (x, 0) (as required by both ansi c-89 and
     * the single unix specification, so work around them here.
     */
  
    if (size)
      return realloc (ptr, size);
  
    free (ptr);
    return 0;
  #endif
  }
  
  static void *(*alloc)(void *ptr, long size) = ev_realloc_emul;
  
  void
  ev_set_allocator (void *(*cb)(void *ptr, long size))
  {
    alloc = cb;
  }
  
  inline_speed void *
  ev_realloc (void *ptr, long size)
  {
    ptr = alloc (ptr, size);
  
    if (!ptr && size)
      {
  #if EV_AVOID_STDIO
        ev_printerr ("libev: memory allocation failed, aborting.\n");
  #else
        fprintf (stderr, "libev: cannot allocate %ld bytes, aborting.", size);
  #endif
        abort ();
      }
  
    return ptr;
  }
  
  #define ev_malloc(size) ev_realloc (0, (size))
  #define ev_free(ptr)    ev_realloc ((ptr), 0)
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* set in reify when reification needed */
  #define EV_ANFD_REIFY 1
  
  /* file descriptor info structure */
  typedef struct
  {
    WL head;
    unsigned char events; /* the events watched for */
    unsigned char reify;  /* flag set when this ANFD needs reification (EV_ANFD_REIFY, EV__IOFDSET) */
    unsigned char emask;  /* the epoll backend stores the actual kernel mask in here */
    unsigned char unused;
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    unsigned int egen;    /* generation counter to counter epoll bugs */
  #endif
  #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
    SOCKET handle;
  #endif
  } ANFD;
  
  /* stores the pending event set for a given watcher */
  typedef struct
  {
    W w;
    int events; /* the pending event set for the given watcher */
  } ANPENDING;
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  /* hash table entry per inotify-id */
  typedef struct
  {
    WL head;
  } ANFS;
  #endif
  
  /* Heap Entry */
  #if EV_HEAP_CACHE_AT
    /* a heap element */
    typedef struct {
      ev_tstamp at;
      WT w;
    } ANHE;
  
    #define ANHE_w(he)        (he).w     /* access watcher, read-write */
    #define ANHE_at(he)       (he).at    /* access cached at, read-only */
    #define ANHE_at_cache(he) (he).at = (he).w->at /* update at from watcher */
  #else
    /* a heap element */
    typedef WT ANHE;
  
    #define ANHE_w(he)        (he)
    #define ANHE_at(he)       (he)->at
    #define ANHE_at_cache(he)
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  
    struct ev_loop
    {
      ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
      #define ev_rt_now ((loop)->ev_rt_now)
      #define VAR(name,decl) decl;
        #include "ev_vars.h"
      #undef VAR
    };
    #include "ev_wrap.h"
  
    static struct ev_loop default_loop_struct;
    struct ev_loop *ev_default_loop_ptr;
  
  #else
  
    ev_tstamp ev_rt_now;
    #define VAR(name,decl) static decl;
      #include "ev_vars.h"
    #undef VAR
  
    static int ev_default_loop_ptr;
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  # define EV_RELEASE_CB if (expect_false (release_cb)) release_cb (EV_A)
  # define EV_ACQUIRE_CB if (expect_false (acquire_cb)) acquire_cb (EV_A)
  # define EV_INVOKE_PENDING invoke_cb (EV_A)
  #else
  # define EV_RELEASE_CB (void)0
  # define EV_ACQUIRE_CB (void)0
  # define EV_INVOKE_PENDING ev_invoke_pending (EV_A)
  #endif
  
  #define EVBREAK_RECURSE 0x80
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #ifndef EV_HAVE_EV_TIME
  ev_tstamp
  ev_time (void)
  {
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
    if (expect_true (have_realtime))
      {
        struct timespec ts;
        clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts);
        return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
      }
  #endif
  
    struct timeval tv;
    gettimeofday (&tv, 0);
    return tv.tv_sec + tv.tv_usec * 1e-6;
  }
  #endif
  
  inline_size ev_tstamp
  get_clock (void)
  {
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
    if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
      {
        struct timespec ts;
        clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
        return ts.tv_sec + ts.tv_nsec * 1e-9;
      }
  #endif
  
    return ev_time ();
  }
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  ev_tstamp
  ev_now (EV_P)
  {
    return ev_rt_now;
  }
  #endif
  
  void
  ev_sleep (ev_tstamp delay)
  {
    if (delay > 0.)
      {
  #if EV_USE_NANOSLEEP
        struct timespec ts;
  
        EV_TS_SET (ts, delay);
        nanosleep (&ts, 0);
  #elif defined(_WIN32)
        Sleep ((unsigned long)(delay * 1e3));
  #else
        struct timeval tv;
  
        /* here we rely on sys/time.h + sys/types.h + unistd.h providing select */
        /* something not guaranteed by newer posix versions, but guaranteed */
        /* by older ones */
        EV_TV_SET (tv, delay);
        select (0, 0, 0, 0, &tv);
  #endif
      }
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #define MALLOC_ROUND 4096 /* prefer to allocate in chunks of this size, must be 2**n and >> 4 longs */
  
  /* find a suitable new size for the given array, */
  /* hopefully by rounding to a nice-to-malloc size */
  inline_size int
  array_nextsize (int elem, int cur, int cnt)
  {
    int ncur = cur + 1;
  
    do
      ncur <<= 1;
    while (cnt > ncur);
  
    /* if size is large, round to MALLOC_ROUND - 4 * longs to accomodate malloc overhead */
    if (elem * ncur > MALLOC_ROUND - sizeof (void *) * 4)
      {
        ncur *= elem;
        ncur = (ncur + elem + (MALLOC_ROUND - 1) + sizeof (void *) * 4) & ~(MALLOC_ROUND - 1);
        ncur = ncur - sizeof (void *) * 4;
        ncur /= elem;
      }
  
    return ncur;
  }
  
  static noinline void *
  array_realloc (int elem, void *base, int *cur, int cnt)
  {
    *cur = array_nextsize (elem, *cur, cnt);
    return ev_realloc (base, elem * *cur);
  }
  
  #define array_init_zero(base,count)	\
    memset ((void *)(base), 0, sizeof (*(base)) * (count))
  
  #define array_needsize(type,base,cur,cnt,init)			\
    if (expect_false ((cnt) > (cur)))				\
      {								\
        int ocur_ = (cur);					\
        (base) = (type *)array_realloc				\
           (sizeof (type), (base), &(cur), (cnt));		\
        init ((base) + (ocur_), (cur) - ocur_);			\
      }
  
  #if 0
  #define array_slim(type,stem)					\
    if (stem ## max < array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 2))		\
      {								\
        stem ## max = array_roundsize (stem ## cnt >> 1);		\
        base = (type *)ev_realloc (base, sizeof (type) * (stem ## max));\
        fprintf (stderr, "slimmed down " # stem " to %d\n", stem ## max);/*D*/\
      }
  #endif
  
  #define array_free(stem, idx) \
    ev_free (stem ## s idx); stem ## cnt idx = stem ## max idx = 0; stem ## s idx = 0
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* dummy callback for pending events */
  static void noinline
  pendingcb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents)
  {
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_feed_event (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
  {
    W w_ = (W)w;
    int pri = ABSPRI (w_);
  
    if (expect_false (w_->pending))
      pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events |= revents;
    else
      {
        w_->pending = ++pendingcnt [pri];
        array_needsize (ANPENDING, pendings [pri], pendingmax [pri], w_->pending, EMPTY2);
        pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].w      = w_;
        pendings [pri][w_->pending - 1].events = revents;
      }
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  feed_reverse (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    array_needsize (W, rfeeds, rfeedmax, rfeedcnt + 1, EMPTY2);
    rfeeds [rfeedcnt++] = w;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  feed_reverse_done (EV_P_ int revents)
  {
    do
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ rfeeds [--rfeedcnt], revents);
    while (rfeedcnt);
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  queue_events (EV_P_ W *events, int eventcnt, int type)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = 0; i < eventcnt; ++i)
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ events [i], type);
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  inline_speed void
  fd_event_nocheck (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
  {
    ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
    ev_io *w;
  
    for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
      {
        int ev = w->events & revents;
  
        if (ev)
          ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, ev);
      }
  }
  
  /* do not submit kernel events for fds that have reify set */
  /* because that means they changed while we were polling for new events */
  inline_speed void
  fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
  {
    ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
  
    if (expect_true (!anfd->reify))
      fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
  }
  
  void
  ev_feed_fd_event (EV_P_ int fd, int revents)
  {
    if (fd >= 0 && fd < anfdmax)
      fd_event_nocheck (EV_A_ fd, revents);
  }
  
  /* make sure the external fd watch events are in-sync */
  /* with the kernel/libev internal state */
  inline_size void
  fd_reify (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
      {
        int fd = fdchanges [i];
        ANFD *anfd = anfds + fd;
        ev_io *w;
  
        unsigned char o_events = anfd->events;
        unsigned char o_reify  = anfd->reify;
  
        anfd->reify  = 0;
  
  #if EV_SELECT_IS_WINSOCKET
        if (o_reify & EV__IOFDSET)
          {
            unsigned long arg;
            anfd->handle = EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd);
            assert (("libev: only socket fds supported in this configuration", ioctlsocket (anfd->handle, FIONREAD, &arg) == 0));
          }
  #endif
  
        /*if (expect_true (o_reify & EV_ANFD_REIFY)) probably a deoptimisation */
          {
            anfd->events = 0;
  
            for (w = (ev_io *)anfd->head; w; w = (ev_io *)((WL)w)->next)
              anfd->events |= (unsigned char)w->events;
  
            if (o_events != anfd->events)
              o_reify = EV__IOFDSET; /* actually |= */
          }
  
        if (o_reify & EV__IOFDSET)
          backend_modify (EV_A_ fd, o_events, anfd->events);
      }
  
    fdchangecnt = 0;
  }
  
  /* something about the given fd changed */
  inline_size void
  fd_change (EV_P_ int fd, int flags)
  {
    unsigned char reify = anfds [fd].reify;
    anfds [fd].reify |= flags;
  
    if (expect_true (!reify))
      {
        ++fdchangecnt;
        array_needsize (int, fdchanges, fdchangemax, fdchangecnt, EMPTY2);
        fdchanges [fdchangecnt - 1] = fd;
      }
  }
  
  /* the given fd is invalid/unusable, so make sure it doesn't hurt us anymore */
  inline_speed void
  fd_kill (EV_P_ int fd)
  {
    ev_io *w;
  
    while ((w = (ev_io *)anfds [fd].head))
      {
        ev_io_stop (EV_A_ w);
        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE);
      }
  }
  
  /* check whether the given fd is actually valid, for error recovery */
  inline_size int
  fd_valid (int fd)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    return EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd) != -1;
  #else
    return fcntl (fd, F_GETFD) != -1;
  #endif
  }
  
  /* called on EBADF to verify fds */
  static void noinline
  fd_ebadf (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        if (!fd_valid (fd) && errno == EBADF)
          fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
  }
  
  /* called on ENOMEM in select/poll to kill some fds and retry */
  static void noinline
  fd_enomem (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = anfdmax; fd--; )
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        {
          fd_kill (EV_A_ fd);
          break;
        }
  }
  
  /* usually called after fork if backend needs to re-arm all fds from scratch */
  static void noinline
  fd_rearm_all (EV_P)
  {
    int fd;
  
    for (fd = 0; fd < anfdmax; ++fd)
      if (anfds [fd].events)
        {
          anfds [fd].events = 0;
          anfds [fd].emask  = 0;
          fd_change (EV_A_ fd, EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
        }
  }
  
  /* used to prepare libev internal fd's */
  /* this is not fork-safe */
  inline_speed void
  fd_intern (int fd)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    unsigned long arg = 1;
    ioctlsocket (EV_FD_TO_WIN32_HANDLE (fd), FIONBIO, &arg);
  #else
    fcntl (fd, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC);
    fcntl (fd, F_SETFL, O_NONBLOCK);
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /*
   * the heap functions want a real array index. array index 0 is guaranteed to not
   * be in-use at any time. the first heap entry is at array [HEAP0]. DHEAP gives
   * the branching factor of the d-tree.
   */
  
  /*
   * at the moment we allow libev the luxury of two heaps,
   * a small-code-size 2-heap one and a ~1.5kb larger 4-heap
   * which is more cache-efficient.
   * the difference is about 5% with 50000+ watchers.
   */
  #if EV_USE_4HEAP
  
  #define DHEAP 4
  #define HEAP0 (DHEAP - 1) /* index of first element in heap */
  #define HPARENT(k) ((((k) - HEAP0 - 1) / DHEAP) + HEAP0)
  #define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) ((p) == (k))
  
  /* away from the root */
  inline_speed void
  downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
    ANHE *E = heap + N + HEAP0;
  
    for (;;)
      {
        ev_tstamp minat;
        ANHE *minpos;
        ANHE *pos = heap + DHEAP * (k - HEAP0) + HEAP0 + 1;
  
        /* find minimum child */
        if (expect_true (pos + DHEAP - 1 < E))
          {
            /* fast path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (               ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
          }
        else if (pos < E)
          {
            /* slow path */                               (minpos = pos + 0), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 1 < E && ANHE_at (pos [1]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 1), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 2 < E && ANHE_at (pos [2]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 2), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
            if (pos + 3 < E && ANHE_at (pos [3]) < minat) (minpos = pos + 3), (minat = ANHE_at (*minpos));
          }
        else
          break;
  
        if (ANHE_at (he) <= minat)
          break;
  
        heap [k] = *minpos;
        ev_active (ANHE_w (*minpos)) = k;
  
        k = minpos - heap;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  
  #else /* 4HEAP */
  
  #define HEAP0 1
  #define HPARENT(k) ((k) >> 1)
  #define UPHEAP_DONE(p,k) (!(p))
  
  /* away from the root */
  inline_speed void
  downheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
  
    for (;;)
      {
        int c = k << 1;
  
        if (c >= N + HEAP0)
          break;
  
        c += c + 1 < N + HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [c]) > ANHE_at (heap [c + 1])
             ? 1 : 0;
  
        if (ANHE_at (he) <= ANHE_at (heap [c]))
          break;
  
        heap [k] = heap [c];
        ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
        
        k = c;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  #endif
  
  /* towards the root */
  inline_speed void
  upheap (ANHE *heap, int k)
  {
    ANHE he = heap [k];
  
    for (;;)
      {
        int p = HPARENT (k);
  
        if (UPHEAP_DONE (p, k) || ANHE_at (heap [p]) <= ANHE_at (he))
          break;
  
        heap [k] = heap [p];
        ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [k])) = k;
        k = p;
      }
  
    heap [k] = he;
    ev_active (ANHE_w (he)) = k;
  }
  
  /* move an element suitably so it is in a correct place */
  inline_size void
  adjustheap (ANHE *heap, int N, int k)
  {
    if (k > HEAP0 && ANHE_at (heap [k]) <= ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (k)]))
      upheap (heap, k);
    else
      downheap (heap, N, k);
  }
  
  /* rebuild the heap: this function is used only once and executed rarely */
  inline_size void
  reheap (ANHE *heap, int N)
  {
    int i;
  
    /* we don't use floyds algorithm, upheap is simpler and is more cache-efficient */
    /* also, this is easy to implement and correct for both 2-heaps and 4-heaps */
    for (i = 0; i < N; ++i)
      upheap (heap, i + HEAP0);
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  /* associate signal watchers to a signal signal */
  typedef struct
  {
    EV_ATOMIC_T pending;
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P;
  #endif
    WL head;
  } ANSIG;
  
  static ANSIG signals [EV_NSIG - 1];
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
  
  static void noinline
  evpipe_init (EV_P)
  {
    if (!ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
      {
  # if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        evfd = eventfd (0, EFD_NONBLOCK | EFD_CLOEXEC);
        if (evfd < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
          evfd = eventfd (0, 0);
  
        if (evfd >= 0)
          {
            evpipe [0] = -1;
            fd_intern (evfd); /* doing it twice doesn't hurt */
            ev_io_set (&pipe_w, evfd, EV_READ);
          }
        else
  # endif
          {
            while (pipe (evpipe))
              ev_syserr ("(libev) error creating signal/async pipe");
  
            fd_intern (evpipe [0]);
            fd_intern (evpipe [1]);
            ev_io_set (&pipe_w, evpipe [0], EV_READ);
          }
  
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A); /* watcher should not keep loop alive */
      }
  }
  
  inline_size void
  evpipe_write (EV_P_ EV_ATOMIC_T *flag)
  {
    if (!*flag)
      {
        int old_errno = errno; /* save errno because write might clobber it */
        char dummy;
  
        *flag = 1;
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        if (evfd >= 0)
          {
            uint64_t counter = 1;
            write (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
          }
        else
  #endif
          /* win32 people keep sending patches that change this write() to send() */
          /* and then run away. but send() is wrong, it wants a socket handle on win32 */
          /* so when you think this write should be a send instead, please find out */
          /* where your send() is from - it's definitely not the microsoft send, and */
          /* tell me. thank you. */
          write (evpipe [1], &dummy, 1);
  
        errno = old_errno;
      }
  }
  
  /* called whenever the libev signal pipe */
  /* got some events (signal, async) */
  static void
  pipecb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
  {
    int i;
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
    if (evfd >= 0)
      {
        uint64_t counter;
        read (evfd, &counter, sizeof (uint64_t));
      }
    else
  #endif
      {
        char dummy;
        /* see discussion in evpipe_write when you think this read should be recv in win32 */
        read (evpipe [0], &dummy, 1);
      }
  
    if (sig_pending)
      {    
        sig_pending = 0;
  
        for (i = EV_NSIG - 1; i--; )
          if (expect_false (signals [i].pending))
            ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ i + 1);
      }
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    if (async_pending)
      {
        async_pending = 0;
  
        for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
          if (asyncs [i]->sent)
            {
              asyncs [i]->sent = 0;
              ev_feed_event (EV_A_ asyncs [i], EV_ASYNC);
            }
      }
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  static void
  ev_sighandler (int signum)
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P = signals [signum - 1].loop;
  #endif
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
    signal (signum, ev_sighandler);
  #endif
  
    signals [signum - 1].pending = 1;
    evpipe_write (EV_A_ &sig_pending);
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_feed_signal_event (EV_P_ int signum)
  {
    WL w;
  
    if (expect_false (signum <= 0 || signum > EV_NSIG))
      return;
  
    --signum;
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    /* it is permissible to try to feed a signal to the wrong loop */
    /* or, likely more useful, feeding a signal nobody is waiting for */
  
    if (expect_false (signals [signum].loop != EV_A))
      return;
  #endif
  
    signals [signum].pending = 0;
  
    for (w = signals [signum].head; w; w = w->next)
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_SIGNAL);
  }
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
  static void
  sigfdcb (EV_P_ ev_io *iow, int revents)
  {
    struct signalfd_siginfo si[2], *sip; /* these structs are big */
  
    for (;;)
      {
        ssize_t res = read (sigfd, si, sizeof (si));
  
        /* not ISO-C, as res might be -1, but works with SuS */
        for (sip = si; (char *)sip < (char *)si + res; ++sip)
          ev_feed_signal_event (EV_A_ sip->ssi_signo);
  
        if (res < (ssize_t)sizeof (si))
          break;
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
  static WL childs [EV_PID_HASHSIZE];
  
  static ev_signal childev;
  
  #ifndef WIFCONTINUED
  # define WIFCONTINUED(status) 0
  #endif
  
  /* handle a single child status event */
  inline_speed void
  child_reap (EV_P_ int chain, int pid, int status)
  {
    ev_child *w;
    int traced = WIFSTOPPED (status) || WIFCONTINUED (status);
  
    for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
      {
        if ((w->pid == pid || !w->pid)
            && (!traced || (w->flags & 1)))
          {
            ev_set_priority (w, EV_MAXPRI); /* need to do it *now*, this *must* be the same prio as the signal watcher itself */
            w->rpid    = pid;
            w->rstatus = status;
            ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_CHILD);
          }
      }
  }
  
  #ifndef WCONTINUED
  # define WCONTINUED 0
  #endif
  
  /* called on sigchld etc., calls waitpid */
  static void
  childcb (EV_P_ ev_signal *sw, int revents)
  {
    int pid, status;
  
    /* some systems define WCONTINUED but then fail to support it (linux 2.4) */
    if (0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED | WCONTINUED)))
      if (!WCONTINUED
          || errno != EINVAL
          || 0 >= (pid = waitpid (-1, &status, WNOHANG | WUNTRACED)))
        return;
  
    /* make sure we are called again until all children have been reaped */
    /* we need to do it this way so that the callback gets called before we continue */
    ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)sw, EV_SIGNAL);
  
    child_reap (EV_A_ pid, pid, status);
    if ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) > 1)
      child_reap (EV_A_ 0, pid, status); /* this might trigger a watcher twice, but feed_event catches that */
  }
  
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_USE_PORT
  # include "ev_port.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
  # include "ev_kqueue.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
  # include "ev_epoll.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
  # include "ev_poll.c"
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
  # include "ev_select.c"
  #endif
  
  int
  ev_version_major (void)
  {
    return EV_VERSION_MAJOR;
  }
  
  int
  ev_version_minor (void)
  {
    return EV_VERSION_MINOR;
  }
  
  /* return true if we are running with elevated privileges and should ignore env variables */
  int inline_size
  enable_secure (void)
  {
  #ifdef _WIN32
    return 0;
  #else
    return getuid () != geteuid ()
        || getgid () != getegid ();
  #endif
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_supported_backends (void)
  {
    unsigned int flags = 0;
  
    if (EV_USE_PORT  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_PORT;
    if (EV_USE_KQUEUE) flags |= EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
    if (EV_USE_EPOLL ) flags |= EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
    if (EV_USE_POLL  ) flags |= EVBACKEND_POLL;
    if (EV_USE_SELECT) flags |= EVBACKEND_SELECT;
    
    return flags;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_recommended_backends (void)
  {
    unsigned int flags = ev_supported_backends ();
  
  #ifndef __NetBSD__
    /* kqueue is borked on everything but netbsd apparently */
    /* it usually doesn't work correctly on anything but sockets and pipes */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE;
  #endif
  #ifdef __APPLE__
    /* only select works correctly on that "unix-certified" platform */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_KQUEUE; /* horribly broken, even for sockets */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll is based on kqueue from 10.5 onwards */
  #endif
  #ifdef __FreeBSD__
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_POLL;   /* poll return value is unusable (http://forums.freebsd.org/archive/index.php/t-10270.html) */
  #endif
  
    return flags;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_embeddable_backends (void)
  {
    int flags = EVBACKEND_EPOLL | EVBACKEND_KQUEUE | EVBACKEND_PORT;
  
    /* epoll embeddability broken on all linux versions up to at least 2.6.23 */
    /* please fix it and tell me how to detect the fix */
    flags &= ~EVBACKEND_EPOLL;
  
    return flags;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_backend (EV_P)
  {
    return backend;
  }
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  unsigned int
  ev_iteration (EV_P)
  {
    return loop_count;
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_depth (EV_P)
  {
    return loop_depth;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_io_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
  {
    io_blocktime = interval;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_timeout_collect_interval (EV_P_ ev_tstamp interval)
  {
    timeout_blocktime = interval;
  }
  
  void
  ev_set_userdata (EV_P_ void *data)
  {
    userdata = data;
  }
  
  void *
  ev_userdata (EV_P)
  {
    return userdata;
  }
  
  void ev_set_invoke_pending_cb (EV_P_ void (*invoke_pending_cb)(EV_P))
  {
    invoke_cb = invoke_pending_cb;
  }
  
  void ev_set_loop_release_cb (EV_P_ void (*release)(EV_P), void (*acquire)(EV_P))
  {
    release_cb = release;
    acquire_cb = acquire;
  }
  #endif
  
  /* initialise a loop structure, must be zero-initialised */
  static void noinline
  loop_init (EV_P_ unsigned int flags)
  {
    if (!backend)
      {
  #if EV_USE_REALTIME
        if (!have_realtime)
          {
            struct timespec ts;
  
            if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts))
              have_realtime = 1;
          }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
        if (!have_monotonic)
          {
            struct timespec ts;
  
            if (!clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts))
              have_monotonic = 1;
          }
  #endif
  
        /* pid check not overridable via env */
  #ifndef _WIN32
        if (flags & EVFLAG_FORKCHECK)
          curpid = getpid ();
  #endif
  
        if (!(flags & EVFLAG_NOENV)
            && !enable_secure ()
            && getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"))
          flags = atoi (getenv ("LIBEV_FLAGS"));
  
        ev_rt_now         = ev_time ();
        mn_now            = get_clock ();
        now_floor         = mn_now;
        rtmn_diff         = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
        invoke_cb         = ev_invoke_pending;
  #endif
  
        io_blocktime      = 0.;
        timeout_blocktime = 0.;
        backend           = 0;
        backend_fd        = -1;
        sig_pending       = 0;
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        async_pending     = 0;
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
        fs_fd             = flags & EVFLAG_NOINOTIFY ? -1 : -2;
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
        sigfd             = flags & EVFLAG_SIGNALFD  ? -2 : -1;
  #endif
  
        if (!(flags & 0x0000ffffU))
          flags |= ev_recommended_backends ();
  
  #if EV_USE_PORT
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_PORT  )) backend = port_init   (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_KQUEUE)) backend = kqueue_init (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_EPOLL )) backend = epoll_init  (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_POLL  )) backend = poll_init   (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
        if (!backend && (flags & EVBACKEND_SELECT)) backend = select_init (EV_A_ flags);
  #endif
  
        ev_prepare_init (&pending_w, pendingcb);
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        ev_init (&pipe_w, pipecb);
        ev_set_priority (&pipe_w, EV_MAXPRI);
  #endif
      }
  }
  
  /* free up a loop structure */
  static void noinline
  loop_destroy (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
    if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
      {
        /*ev_ref (EV_A);*/
        /*ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);*/
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        if (evfd >= 0)
          close (evfd);
  #endif
  
        if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
          {
            EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
            EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [1]);
          }
      }
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
    if (ev_is_active (&sigfd_w))
      close (sigfd);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      close (fs_fd);
  #endif
  
    if (backend_fd >= 0)
      close (backend_fd);
  
  #if EV_USE_PORT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_destroy   (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_destroy (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_destroy  (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_POLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_POLL  ) poll_destroy   (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SELECT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_SELECT) select_destroy (EV_A);
  #endif
  
    for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
      {
        array_free (pending, [i]);
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        array_free (idle, [i]);
  #endif
      }
  
    ev_free (anfds); anfds = 0; anfdmax = 0;
  
    /* have to use the microsoft-never-gets-it-right macro */
    array_free (rfeed, EMPTY);
    array_free (fdchange, EMPTY);
    array_free (timer, EMPTY);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    array_free (periodic, EMPTY);
  #endif
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    array_free (fork, EMPTY);
  #endif
    array_free (prepare, EMPTY);
    array_free (check, EMPTY);
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    array_free (async, EMPTY);
  #endif
  
    backend = 0;
  }
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  inline_size void infy_fork (EV_P);
  #endif
  
  inline_size void
  loop_fork (EV_P)
  {
  #if EV_USE_PORT
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_PORT  ) port_fork   (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_KQUEUE
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_KQUEUE) kqueue_fork (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_EPOLL
    if (backend == EVBACKEND_EPOLL ) epoll_fork  (EV_A);
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_fork (EV_A);
  #endif
  
    if (ev_is_active (&pipe_w))
      {
        /* this "locks" the handlers against writing to the pipe */
        /* while we modify the fd vars */
        sig_pending   = 1;
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        async_pending = 1;
  #endif
  
        ev_ref (EV_A);
        ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &pipe_w);
  
  #if EV_USE_EVENTFD
        if (evfd >= 0)
          close (evfd);
  #endif
  
        if (evpipe [0] >= 0)
          {
            EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [0]);
            EV_WIN32_CLOSE_FD (evpipe [1]);
          }
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE || EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
        evpipe_init (EV_A);
        /* now iterate over everything, in case we missed something */
        pipecb (EV_A_ &pipe_w, EV_READ);
  #endif
      }
  
    postfork = 0;
  }
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  
  struct ev_loop *
  ev_loop_new (unsigned int flags)
  {
    EV_P = (struct ev_loop *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_loop));
  
    memset (EV_A, 0, sizeof (struct ev_loop));
    loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
  
    if (ev_backend (EV_A))
      return EV_A;
  
    return 0;
  }
  
  void
  ev_loop_destroy (EV_P)
  {
    loop_destroy (EV_A);
    ev_free (loop);
  }
  
  void
  ev_loop_fork (EV_P)
  {
    postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_default_fork */
  }
  #endif /* multiplicity */
  
  #if EV_VERIFY
  static void noinline
  verify_watcher (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    assert (("libev: watcher has invalid priority", ABSPRI (w) >= 0 && ABSPRI (w) < NUMPRI));
  
    if (w->pending)
      assert (("libev: pending watcher not on pending queue", pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w == w));
  }
  
  static void noinline
  verify_heap (EV_P_ ANHE *heap, int N)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = HEAP0; i < N + HEAP0; ++i)
      {
        assert (("libev: active index mismatch in heap", ev_active (ANHE_w (heap [i])) == i));
        assert (("libev: heap condition violated", i == HEAP0 || ANHE_at (heap [HPARENT (i)]) <= ANHE_at (heap [i])));
        assert (("libev: heap at cache mismatch", ANHE_at (heap [i]) == ev_at (ANHE_w (heap [i]))));
  
        verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)ANHE_w (heap [i]));
      }
  }
  
  static void noinline
  array_verify (EV_P_ W *ws, int cnt)
  {
    while (cnt--)
      {
        assert (("libev: active index mismatch", ev_active (ws [cnt]) == cnt + 1));
        verify_watcher (EV_A_ ws [cnt]);
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
  void
  ev_verify (EV_P)
  {
  #if EV_VERIFY
    int i;
    WL w;
  
    assert (activecnt >= -1);
  
    assert (fdchangemax >= fdchangecnt);
    for (i = 0; i < fdchangecnt; ++i)
      assert (("libev: negative fd in fdchanges", fdchanges [i] >= 0));
  
    assert (anfdmax >= 0);
    for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
      for (w = anfds [i].head; w; w = w->next)
        {
          verify_watcher (EV_A_ (W)w);
          assert (("libev: inactive fd watcher on anfd list", ev_active (w) == 1));
          assert (("libev: fd mismatch between watcher and anfd", ((ev_io *)w)->fd == i));
        }
  
    assert (timermax >= timercnt);
    verify_heap (EV_A_ timers, timercnt);
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    assert (periodicmax >= periodiccnt);
    verify_heap (EV_A_ periodics, periodiccnt);
  #endif
  
    for (i = NUMPRI; i--; )
      {
        assert (pendingmax [i] >= pendingcnt [i]);
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        assert (idleall >= 0);
        assert (idlemax [i] >= idlecnt [i]);
        array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)idles [i], idlecnt [i]);
  #endif
      }
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    assert (forkmax >= forkcnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    assert (asyncmax >= asynccnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)asyncs, asynccnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
    assert (preparemax >= preparecnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
    assert (checkmax >= checkcnt);
    array_verify (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt);
  #endif
  
  # if 0
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    for (w = (ev_child *)childs [chain & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)]; w; w = (ev_child *)((WL)w)->next)
    for (signum = EV_NSIG; signum--; ) if (signals [signum].pending)
  #endif
  # endif
  #endif
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
  struct ev_loop *
  ev_default_loop_init (unsigned int flags)
  #else
  int
  ev_default_loop (unsigned int flags)
  #endif
  {
    if (!ev_default_loop_ptr)
      {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
        EV_P = ev_default_loop_ptr = &default_loop_struct;
  #else
        ev_default_loop_ptr = 1;
  #endif
  
        loop_init (EV_A_ flags);
  
        if (ev_backend (EV_A))
          {
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
            ev_signal_init (&childev, childcb, SIGCHLD);
            ev_set_priority (&childev, EV_MAXPRI);
            ev_signal_start (EV_A_ &childev);
            ev_unref (EV_A); /* child watcher should not keep loop alive */
  #endif
          }
        else
          ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
      }
  
    return ev_default_loop_ptr;
  }
  
  void
  ev_default_destroy (void)
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P = ev_default_loop_ptr;
  #endif
  
    ev_default_loop_ptr = 0;
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    ev_ref (EV_A); /* child watcher */
    ev_signal_stop (EV_A_ &childev);
  #endif
  
    loop_destroy (EV_A);
  }
  
  void
  ev_default_fork (void)
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    EV_P = ev_default_loop_ptr;
  #endif
  
    postfork = 1; /* must be in line with ev_loop_fork */
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  void
  ev_invoke (EV_P_ void *w, int revents)
  {
    EV_CB_INVOKE ((W)w, revents);
  }
  
  unsigned int
  ev_pending_count (EV_P)
  {
    int pri;
    unsigned int count = 0;
  
    for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
      count += pendingcnt [pri];
  
    return count;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_invoke_pending (EV_P)
  {
    int pri;
  
    for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
      while (pendingcnt [pri])
        {
          ANPENDING *p = pendings [pri] + --pendingcnt [pri];
  
          /*assert (("libev: non-pending watcher on pending list", p->w->pending));*/
          /* ^ this is no longer true, as pending_w could be here */
  
          p->w->pending = 0;
          EV_CB_INVOKE (p->w, p->events);
          EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
        }
  }
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
  /* make idle watchers pending. this handles the "call-idle */
  /* only when higher priorities are idle" logic */
  inline_size void
  idle_reify (EV_P)
  {
    if (expect_false (idleall))
      {
        int pri;
  
        for (pri = NUMPRI; pri--; )
          {
            if (pendingcnt [pri])
              break;
  
            if (idlecnt [pri])
              {
                queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)idles [pri], idlecnt [pri], EV_IDLE);
                break;
              }
          }
      }
  }
  #endif
  
  /* make timers pending */
  inline_size void
  timers_reify (EV_P)
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    if (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now)
      {
        do
          {
            ev_timer *w = (ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [HEAP0]);
  
            /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on timer heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
  
            /* first reschedule or stop timer */
            if (w->repeat)
              {
                ev_at (w) += w->repeat;
                if (ev_at (w) < mn_now)
                  ev_at (w) = mn_now;
  
                assert (("libev: negative ev_timer repeat value found while processing timers", w->repeat > 0.));
  
                ANHE_at_cache (timers [HEAP0]);
                downheap (timers, timercnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else
              ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
  
            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
            feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
          }
        while (timercnt && ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) < mn_now);
  
        feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_TIMER);
      }
  }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
  /* make periodics pending */
  inline_size void
  periodics_reify (EV_P)
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now)
      {
        int feed_count = 0;
  
        do
          {
            ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [HEAP0]);
  
            /*assert (("libev: inactive timer on periodic heap detected", ev_is_active (w)));*/
  
            /* first reschedule or stop timer */
            if (w->reschedule_cb)
              {
                ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
  
                assert (("libev: ev_periodic reschedule callback returned time in the past", ev_at (w) >= ev_rt_now));
  
                ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
                downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else if (w->interval)
              {
                ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
                /* if next trigger time is not sufficiently in the future, put it there */
                /* this might happen because of floating point inexactness */
                if (ev_at (w) - ev_rt_now < TIME_EPSILON)
                  {
                    ev_at (w) += w->interval;
  
                    /* if interval is unreasonably low we might still have a time in the past */
                    /* so correct this. this will make the periodic very inexact, but the user */
                    /* has effectively asked to get triggered more often than possible */
                    if (ev_at (w) < ev_rt_now)
                      ev_at (w) = ev_rt_now;
                  }
  
                ANHE_at_cache (periodics [HEAP0]);
                downheap (periodics, periodiccnt, HEAP0);
              }
            else
              ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w); /* nonrepeating: stop timer */
  
            EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
            feed_reverse (EV_A_ (W)w);
          }
        while (periodiccnt && ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) < ev_rt_now);
  
        feed_reverse_done (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC);
      }
  }
  
  /* simply recalculate all periodics */
  /* TODO: maybe ensure that at least one event happens when jumping forward? */
  static void noinline
  periodics_reschedule (EV_P)
  {
    int i;
  
    /* adjust periodics after time jump */
    for (i = HEAP0; i < periodiccnt + HEAP0; ++i)
      {
        ev_periodic *w = (ev_periodic *)ANHE_w (periodics [i]);
  
        if (w->reschedule_cb)
          ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
        else if (w->interval)
          ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
  
        ANHE_at_cache (periodics [i]);
      }
  
    reheap (periodics, periodiccnt);
  }
  #endif
  
  /* adjust all timers by a given offset */
  static void noinline
  timers_reschedule (EV_P_ ev_tstamp adjust)
  {
    int i;
  
    for (i = 0; i < timercnt; ++i)
      {
        ANHE *he = timers + i + HEAP0;
        ANHE_w (*he)->at += adjust;
        ANHE_at_cache (*he);
      }
  }
  
  /* fetch new monotonic and realtime times from the kernel */
  /* also detect if there was a timejump, and act accordingly */
  inline_speed void
  time_update (EV_P_ ev_tstamp max_block)
  {
  #if EV_USE_MONOTONIC
    if (expect_true (have_monotonic))
      {
        int i;
        ev_tstamp odiff = rtmn_diff;
  
        mn_now = get_clock ();
  
        /* only fetch the realtime clock every 0.5*MIN_TIMEJUMP seconds */
        /* interpolate in the meantime */
        if (expect_true (mn_now - now_floor < MIN_TIMEJUMP * .5))
          {
            ev_rt_now = rtmn_diff + mn_now;
            return;
          }
  
        now_floor = mn_now;
        ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
  
        /* loop a few times, before making important decisions.
         * on the choice of "4": one iteration isn't enough,
         * in case we get preempted during the calls to
         * ev_time and get_clock. a second call is almost guaranteed
         * to succeed in that case, though. and looping a few more times
         * doesn't hurt either as we only do this on time-jumps or
         * in the unlikely event of having been preempted here.
         */
        for (i = 4; --i; )
          {
            rtmn_diff = ev_rt_now - mn_now;
  
            if (expect_true (fabs (odiff - rtmn_diff) < MIN_TIMEJUMP))
              return; /* all is well */
  
            ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
            mn_now    = get_clock ();
            now_floor = mn_now;
          }
  
        /* no timer adjustment, as the monotonic clock doesn't jump */
        /* timers_reschedule (EV_A_ rtmn_diff - odiff) */
  # if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
        periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  # endif
      }
    else
  #endif
      {
        ev_rt_now = ev_time ();
  
        if (expect_false (mn_now > ev_rt_now || ev_rt_now > mn_now + max_block + MIN_TIMEJUMP))
          {
            /* adjust timers. this is easy, as the offset is the same for all of them */
            timers_reschedule (EV_A_ ev_rt_now - mn_now);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
            periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  #endif
          }
  
        mn_now = ev_rt_now;
      }
  }
  
  void
  ev_run (EV_P_ int flags)
  {
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
    ++loop_depth;
  #endif
  
    assert (("libev: ev_loop recursion during release detected", loop_done != EVBREAK_RECURSE));
  
    loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
  
    EV_INVOKE_PENDING; /* in case we recurse, ensure ordering stays nice and clean */
  
    do
      {
  #if EV_VERIFY >= 2
        ev_verify (EV_A);
  #endif
  
  #ifndef _WIN32
        if (expect_false (curpid)) /* penalise the forking check even more */
          if (expect_false (getpid () != curpid))
            {
              curpid = getpid ();
              postfork = 1;
            }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
        /* we might have forked, so queue fork handlers */
        if (expect_false (postfork))
          if (forkcnt)
            {
              queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)forks, forkcnt, EV_FORK);
              EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
            }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
        /* queue prepare watchers (and execute them) */
        if (expect_false (preparecnt))
          {
            queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)prepares, preparecnt, EV_PREPARE);
            EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
          }
  #endif
  
        if (expect_false (loop_done))
          break;
  
        /* we might have forked, so reify kernel state if necessary */
        if (expect_false (postfork))
          loop_fork (EV_A);
  
        /* update fd-related kernel structures */
        fd_reify (EV_A);
  
        /* calculate blocking time */
        {
          ev_tstamp waittime  = 0.;
          ev_tstamp sleeptime = 0.;
  
          /* remember old timestamp for io_blocktime calculation */
          ev_tstamp prev_mn_now = mn_now;
  
          /* update time to cancel out callback processing overhead */
          time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
  
          if (expect_true (!(flags & EVRUN_NOWAIT || idleall || !activecnt)))
            {
              waittime = MAX_BLOCKTIME;
  
              if (timercnt)
                {
                  ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (timers [HEAP0]) - mn_now + backend_fudge;
                  if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
                }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
              if (periodiccnt)
                {
                  ev_tstamp to = ANHE_at (periodics [HEAP0]) - ev_rt_now + backend_fudge;
                  if (waittime > to) waittime = to;
                }
  #endif
  
              /* don't let timeouts decrease the waittime below timeout_blocktime */
              if (expect_false (waittime < timeout_blocktime))
                waittime = timeout_blocktime;
  
              /* extra check because io_blocktime is commonly 0 */
              if (expect_false (io_blocktime))
                {
                  sleeptime = io_blocktime - (mn_now - prev_mn_now);
  
                  if (sleeptime > waittime - backend_fudge)
                    sleeptime = waittime - backend_fudge;
  
                  if (expect_true (sleeptime > 0.))
                    {
                      ev_sleep (sleeptime);
                      waittime -= sleeptime;
                    }
                }
            }
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
          ++loop_count;
  #endif
          assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_RECURSE, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
          backend_poll (EV_A_ waittime);
          assert ((loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL, 1)); /* assert for side effect */
  
          /* update ev_rt_now, do magic */
          time_update (EV_A_ waittime + sleeptime);
        }
  
        /* queue pending timers and reschedule them */
        timers_reify (EV_A); /* relative timers called last */
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
        periodics_reify (EV_A); /* absolute timers called first */
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
        /* queue idle watchers unless other events are pending */
        idle_reify (EV_A);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
        /* queue check watchers, to be executed first */
        if (expect_false (checkcnt))
          queue_events (EV_A_ (W *)checks, checkcnt, EV_CHECK);
  #endif
  
        EV_INVOKE_PENDING;
      }
    while (expect_true (
      activecnt
      && !loop_done
      && !(flags & (EVRUN_ONCE | EVRUN_NOWAIT))
    ));
  
    if (loop_done == EVBREAK_ONE)
      loop_done = EVBREAK_CANCEL;
  
  #if EV_FEATURE_API
    --loop_depth;
  #endif
  }
  
  void
  ev_break (EV_P_ int how)
  {
    loop_done = how;
  }
  
  void
  ev_ref (EV_P)
  {
    ++activecnt;
  }
  
  void
  ev_unref (EV_P)
  {
    --activecnt;
  }
  
  int
  ev_activecnt (EV_P)
  {
    return activecnt;
  }
  
  void
  ev_now_update (EV_P)
  {
    time_update (EV_A_ 1e100);
  }
  
  void
  ev_suspend (EV_P)
  {
    ev_now_update (EV_A);
  }
  
  void
  ev_resume (EV_P)
  {
    ev_tstamp mn_prev = mn_now;
  
    ev_now_update (EV_A);
    timers_reschedule (EV_A_ mn_now - mn_prev);
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    /* TODO: really do this? */
    periodics_reschedule (EV_A);
  #endif
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  /* singly-linked list management, used when the expected list length is short */
  
  inline_size void
  wlist_add (WL *head, WL elem)
  {
    elem->next = *head;
    *head = elem;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  wlist_del (WL *head, WL elem)
  {
    while (*head)
      {
        if (expect_true (*head == elem))
          {
            *head = elem->next;
            break;
          }
  
        head = &(*head)->next;
      }
  }
  
  /* internal, faster, version of ev_clear_pending */
  inline_speed void
  clear_pending (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    if (w->pending)
      {
        pendings [ABSPRI (w)][w->pending - 1].w = (W)&pending_w;
        w->pending = 0;
      }
  }
  
  int
  ev_clear_pending (EV_P_ void *w)
  {
    W w_ = (W)w;
    int pending = w_->pending;
  
    if (expect_true (pending))
      {
        ANPENDING *p = pendings [ABSPRI (w_)] + pending - 1;
        p->w = (W)&pending_w;
        w_->pending = 0;
        return p->events;
      }
    else
      return 0;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  pri_adjust (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    int pri = ev_priority (w);
    pri = pri < EV_MINPRI ? EV_MINPRI : pri;
    pri = pri > EV_MAXPRI ? EV_MAXPRI : pri;
    ev_set_priority (w, pri);
  }
  
  inline_speed void
  ev_start (EV_P_ W w, int active)
  {
    pri_adjust (EV_A_ w);
    w->active = active;
    ev_ref (EV_A);
  }
  
  inline_size void
  ev_stop (EV_P_ W w)
  {
    ev_unref (EV_A);
    w->active = 0;
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  void noinline
  ev_io_start (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
  {
    int fd = w->fd;
  
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with negative fd", fd >= 0));
    assert (("libev: ev_io_start called with illegal event mask", !(w->events & ~(EV__IOFDSET | EV_READ | EV_WRITE))));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    array_needsize (ANFD, anfds, anfdmax, fd + 1, array_init_zero);
    wlist_add (&anfds[fd].head, (WL)w);
  
    fd_change (EV_A_ fd, w->events & EV__IOFDSET | EV_ANFD_REIFY);
    w->events &= ~EV__IOFDSET;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_io_stop (EV_P_ ev_io *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_io_stop called with illegal fd (must stay constant after start!)", w->fd >= 0 && w->fd < anfdmax));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&anfds[w->fd].head, (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    fd_change (EV_A_ w->fd, EV_ANFD_REIFY);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_timer_start (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    ev_at (w) += mn_now;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_timer_start called with negative timer repeat value", w->repeat >= 0.));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ++timercnt;
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, timercnt + HEAP0 - 1);
    array_needsize (ANHE, timers, timermax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
    ANHE_w (timers [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
    ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
    upheap (timers, ev_active (w));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    /*assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", timers [ev_active (w)] == (WT)w));*/
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_timer_stop (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      assert (("libev: internal timer heap corruption", ANHE_w (timers [active]) == (WT)w));
  
      --timercnt;
  
      if (expect_true (active < timercnt + HEAP0))
        {
          timers [active] = timers [timercnt + HEAP0];
          adjustheap (timers, timercnt, active);
        }
    }
  
    ev_at (w) -= mn_now;
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_timer_again (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
  {
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    if (ev_is_active (w))
      {
        if (w->repeat)
          {
            ev_at (w) = mn_now + w->repeat;
            ANHE_at_cache (timers [ev_active (w)]);
            adjustheap (timers, timercnt, ev_active (w));
          }
        else
          ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ w);
      }
    else if (w->repeat)
      {
        ev_at (w) = w->repeat;
        ev_timer_start (EV_A_ w);
      }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  ev_tstamp
  ev_timer_remaining (EV_P_ ev_timer *w)
  {
    return ev_at (w) - (ev_is_active (w) ? mn_now : 0.);
  }
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
  void noinline
  ev_periodic_start (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    if (w->reschedule_cb)
      ev_at (w) = w->reschedule_cb (w, ev_rt_now);
    else if (w->interval)
      {
        assert (("libev: ev_periodic_start called with negative interval value", w->interval >= 0.));
        /* this formula differs from the one in periodic_reify because we do not always round up */
        ev_at (w) = w->offset + ceil ((ev_rt_now - w->offset) / w->interval) * w->interval;
      }
    else
      ev_at (w) = w->offset;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ++periodiccnt;
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, periodiccnt + HEAP0 - 1);
    array_needsize (ANHE, periodics, periodicmax, ev_active (w) + 1, EMPTY2);
    ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) = (WT)w;
    ANHE_at_cache (periodics [ev_active (w)]);
    upheap (periodics, ev_active (w));
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    /*assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [ev_active (w)]) == (WT)w));*/
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_periodic_stop (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      assert (("libev: internal periodic heap corruption", ANHE_w (periodics [active]) == (WT)w));
  
      --periodiccnt;
  
      if (expect_true (active < periodiccnt + HEAP0))
        {
          periodics [active] = periodics [periodiccnt + HEAP0];
          adjustheap (periodics, periodiccnt, active);
        }
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_periodic_again (EV_P_ ev_periodic *w)
  {
    /* TODO: use adjustheap and recalculation */
    ev_periodic_stop (EV_A_ w);
    ev_periodic_start (EV_A_ w);
  }
  #endif
  
  #ifndef SA_RESTART
  # define SA_RESTART 0
  #endif
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
  
  void noinline
  ev_signal_start (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    assert (("libev: ev_signal_start called with illegal signal number", w->signum > 0 && w->signum < EV_NSIG));
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    assert (("libev: a signal must not be attached to two different loops",
             !signals [w->signum - 1].loop || signals [w->signum - 1].loop == loop));
  
    signals [w->signum - 1].loop = EV_A;
  #endif
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
    if (sigfd == -2)
      {
        sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, SFD_NONBLOCK | SFD_CLOEXEC);
        if (sigfd < 0 && errno == EINVAL)
          sigfd = signalfd (-1, &sigfd_set, 0); /* retry without flags */
  
        if (sigfd >= 0)
          {
            fd_intern (sigfd); /* doing it twice will not hurt */
  
            sigemptyset (&sigfd_set);
  
            ev_io_init (&sigfd_w, sigfdcb, sigfd, EV_READ);
            ev_set_priority (&sigfd_w, EV_MAXPRI);
            ev_io_start (EV_A_ &sigfd_w);
            ev_unref (EV_A); /* signalfd watcher should not keep loop alive */
          }
      }
  
    if (sigfd >= 0)
      {
        /* TODO: check .head */
        sigaddset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
        sigprocmask (SIG_BLOCK, &sigfd_set, 0);
  
        signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
      }
  #endif
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    wlist_add (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
  
    if (!((WL)w)->next)
  # if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
      if (sigfd < 0) /*TODO*/
  # endif
        {
  # ifdef _WIN32
          evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
          signal (w->signum, ev_sighandler);
  # else
          struct sigaction sa;
  
          evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
          sa.sa_handler = ev_sighandler;
          sigfillset (&sa.sa_mask);
          sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* if restarting works we save one iteration */
          sigaction (w->signum, &sa, 0);
  
          sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);
          sigaddset (&sa.sa_mask, w->signum);
          sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &sa.sa_mask, 0);
  #endif
        }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void noinline
  ev_signal_stop (EV_P_ ev_signal *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&signals [w->signum - 1].head, (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    if (!signals [w->signum - 1].head)
      {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
        signals [w->signum - 1].loop = 0; /* unattach from signal */
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_SIGNALFD
        if (sigfd >= 0)
          {
            sigset_t ss;
  
            sigemptyset (&ss);
            sigaddset (&ss, w->signum);
            sigdelset (&sigfd_set, w->signum);
  
            signalfd (sigfd, &sigfd_set, 0);
            sigprocmask (SIG_UNBLOCK, &ss, 0);
          }
        else
  #endif
          signal (w->signum, SIG_DFL);
      }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
  
  void
  ev_child_start (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
  {
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    assert (("libev: child watchers are only supported in the default loop", loop == ev_default_loop_ptr));
  #endif
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
    wlist_add (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_child_stop (EV_P_ ev_child *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    wlist_del (&childs [w->pid & ((EV_PID_HASHSIZE) - 1)], (WL)w);
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #if EV_STAT_ENABLE
  
  # ifdef _WIN32
  #  undef lstat
  #  define lstat(a,b) _stati64 (a,b)
  # endif
  
  #define DEF_STAT_INTERVAL  5.0074891
  #define NFS_STAT_INTERVAL 30.1074891 /* for filesystems potentially failing inotify */
  #define MIN_STAT_INTERVAL  0.1074891
  
  static void noinline stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents);
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
  
  /* the * 2 is to allow for alignment padding, which for some reason is >> 8 */
  # define EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE (sizeof (struct inotify_event) * 2 + NAME_MAX)
  
  static void noinline
  infy_add (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, w->path, IN_ATTRIB | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF | IN_MODIFY | IN_DONT_FOLLOW | IN_MASK_ADD);
  
    if (w->wd >= 0)
      {
        struct statfs sfs;
  
        /* now local changes will be tracked by inotify, but remote changes won't */
        /* unless the filesystem is known to be local, we therefore still poll */
        /* also do poll on <2.6.25, but with normal frequency */
  
        if (!fs_2625)
          w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
        else if (!statfs (w->path, &sfs)
                 && (sfs.f_type == 0x1373 /* devfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0xEF53 /* ext2/3 */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x3153464a /* jfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x52654973 /* reiser3 */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x01021994 /* tempfs */
                     || sfs.f_type == 0x58465342 /* xfs */))
          w->timer.repeat = 0.; /* filesystem is local, kernel new enough */
        else
          w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : NFS_STAT_INTERVAL; /* remote, use reduced frequency */
      }
    else
      {
        /* can't use inotify, continue to stat */
        w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
  
        /* if path is not there, monitor some parent directory for speedup hints */
        /* note that exceeding the hardcoded path limit is not a correctness issue, */
        /* but an efficiency issue only */
        if ((errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES) && strlen (w->path) < 4096)
          {
            char path [4096];
            strcpy (path, w->path);
  
            do
              {
                int mask = IN_MASK_ADD | IN_DELETE_SELF | IN_MOVE_SELF
                         | (errno == EACCES ? IN_ATTRIB : IN_CREATE | IN_MOVED_TO);
  
                char *pend = strrchr (path, '/');
  
                if (!pend || pend == path)
                  break;
  
                *pend = 0;
                w->wd = inotify_add_watch (fs_fd, path, mask);
              } 
            while (w->wd < 0 && (errno == ENOENT || errno == EACCES));
          }
      }
  
    if (w->wd >= 0)
      wlist_add (&fs_hash [w->wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
  
    /* now re-arm timer, if required */
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
    ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
  }
  
  static void noinline
  infy_del (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    int slot;
    int wd = w->wd;
  
    if (wd < 0)
      return;
  
    w->wd = -2;
    slot = wd & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1);
    wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot].head, (WL)w);
  
    /* remove this watcher, if others are watching it, they will rearm */
    inotify_rm_watch (fs_fd, wd);
  }
  
  static void noinline
  infy_wd (EV_P_ int slot, int wd, struct inotify_event *ev)
  {
    if (slot < 0)
      /* overflow, need to check for all hash slots */
      for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
        infy_wd (EV_A_ slot, wd, ev);
    else
      {
        WL w_;
  
        for (w_ = fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head; w_; )
          {
            ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
            w_ = w_->next; /* lets us remove this watcher and all before it */
  
            if (w->wd == wd || wd == -1)
              {
                if (ev->mask & (IN_IGNORED | IN_UNMOUNT | IN_DELETE_SELF))
                  {
                    wlist_del (&fs_hash [slot & ((EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE) - 1)].head, (WL)w);
                    w->wd = -1;
                    infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
                  }
  
                stat_timer_cb (EV_A_ &w->timer, 0);
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  static void
  infy_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
  {
    char buf [EV_INOTIFY_BUFSIZE];
    int ofs;
    int len = read (fs_fd, buf, sizeof (buf));
  
    for (ofs = 0; ofs < len; )
      {
        struct inotify_event *ev = (struct inotify_event *)(buf + ofs);
        infy_wd (EV_A_ ev->wd, ev->wd, ev);
        ofs += sizeof (struct inotify_event) + ev->len;
      }
  }
  
  inline_size unsigned int
  ev_linux_version (void)
  {
    struct utsname buf;
    unsigned int v;
    int i;
    char *p = buf.release;
  
    if (uname (&buf))
      return 0;
  
    for (i = 3+1; --i; )
      {
        unsigned int c = 0;
  
        for (;;)
          {
            if (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9')
              c = c * 10 + *p++ - '0';
            else
              {
                p += *p == '.';
                break;
              }
          }
  
        v = (v << 8) | c;
      }
  
    return v;
  }
  
  inline_size void
  ev_check_2625 (EV_P)
  {
    /* kernels < 2.6.25 are borked
     * http://www.ussg.indiana.edu/hypermail/linux/kernel/0711.3/1208.html
     */
    if (ev_linux_version () < 0x020619)
      return;
  
    fs_2625 = 1;
  }
  
  inline_size int
  infy_newfd (void)
  {
  #if defined (IN_CLOEXEC) && defined (IN_NONBLOCK)
    int fd = inotify_init1 (IN_CLOEXEC | IN_NONBLOCK);
    if (fd >= 0)
      return fd;
  #endif
    return inotify_init ();
  }
  
  inline_size void
  infy_init (EV_P)
  {
    if (fs_fd != -2)
      return;
  
    fs_fd = -1;
  
    ev_check_2625 (EV_A);
  
    fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      {
        fd_intern (fs_fd);
        ev_io_init (&fs_w, infy_cb, fs_fd, EV_READ);
        ev_set_priority (&fs_w, EV_MAXPRI);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  }
  
  inline_size void
  infy_fork (EV_P)
  {
    int slot;
  
    if (fs_fd < 0)
      return;
  
    ev_ref (EV_A);
    ev_io_stop (EV_A_ &fs_w);
    close (fs_fd);
    fs_fd = infy_newfd ();
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      {
        fd_intern (fs_fd);
        ev_io_set (&fs_w, fs_fd, EV_READ);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &fs_w);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  
    for (slot = 0; slot < (EV_INOTIFY_HASHSIZE); ++slot)
      {
        WL w_ = fs_hash [slot].head;
        fs_hash [slot].head = 0;
  
        while (w_)
          {
            ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)w_;
            w_ = w_->next; /* lets us add this watcher */
  
            w->wd = -1;
  
            if (fs_fd >= 0)
              infy_add (EV_A_ w); /* re-add, no matter what */
            else
              {
                w->timer.repeat = w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL;
                if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_ref (EV_A);
                ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
                if (ev_is_active (&w->timer)) ev_unref (EV_A);
              }
          }
      }
  }
  
  #endif
  
  #ifdef _WIN32
  # define EV_LSTAT(p,b) _stati64 (p, b)
  #else
  # define EV_LSTAT(p,b) lstat (p, b)
  #endif
  
  void
  ev_stat_stat (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    if (lstat (w->path, &w->attr) < 0)
      w->attr.st_nlink = 0;
    else if (!w->attr.st_nlink)
      w->attr.st_nlink = 1;
  }
  
  static void noinline
  stat_timer_cb (EV_P_ ev_timer *w_, int revents)
  {
    ev_stat *w = (ev_stat *)(((char *)w_) - offsetof (ev_stat, timer));
  
    ev_statdata prev = w->attr;
    ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
  
    /* memcmp doesn't work on netbsd, they.... do stuff to their struct stat */
    if (
      prev.st_dev      != w->attr.st_dev
      || prev.st_ino   != w->attr.st_ino
      || prev.st_mode  != w->attr.st_mode
      || prev.st_nlink != w->attr.st_nlink
      || prev.st_uid   != w->attr.st_uid
      || prev.st_gid   != w->attr.st_gid
      || prev.st_rdev  != w->attr.st_rdev
      || prev.st_size  != w->attr.st_size
      || prev.st_atime != w->attr.st_atime
      || prev.st_mtime != w->attr.st_mtime
      || prev.st_ctime != w->attr.st_ctime
    ) {
        /* we only update w->prev on actual differences */
        /* in case we test more often than invoke the callback, */
        /* to ensure that prev is always different to attr */
        w->prev = prev;
  
        #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
          if (fs_fd >= 0)
            {
              infy_del (EV_A_ w);
              infy_add (EV_A_ w);
              ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w); /* avoid race... */
            }
        #endif
  
        ev_feed_event (EV_A_ w, EV_STAT);
      }
  }
  
  void
  ev_stat_start (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    ev_stat_stat (EV_A_ w);
  
    if (w->interval < MIN_STAT_INTERVAL && w->interval)
      w->interval = MIN_STAT_INTERVAL;
  
    ev_timer_init (&w->timer, stat_timer_cb, 0., w->interval ? w->interval : DEF_STAT_INTERVAL);
    ev_set_priority (&w->timer, ev_priority (w));
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_init (EV_A);
  
    if (fs_fd >= 0)
      infy_add (EV_A_ w);
    else
  #endif
      {
        ev_timer_again (EV_A_ &w->timer);
        ev_unref (EV_A);
      }
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_stat_stop (EV_P_ ev_stat *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
    infy_del (EV_A_ w);
  #endif
  
    if (ev_is_active (&w->timer))
      {
        ev_ref (EV_A);
        ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &w->timer);
      }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
  void
  ev_idle_start (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    pri_adjust (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ++idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)];
  
      ++idleall;
      ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, active);
  
      array_needsize (ev_idle *, idles [ABSPRI (w)], idlemax [ABSPRI (w)], active, EMPTY2);
      idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = w;
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_idle_stop (EV_P_ ev_idle *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1] = idles [ABSPRI (w)][--idlecnt [ABSPRI (w)]];
      ev_active (idles [ABSPRI (w)][active - 1]) = active;
  
      ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
      --idleall;
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
  void
  ev_prepare_start (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++preparecnt);
    array_needsize (ev_prepare *, prepares, preparemax, preparecnt, EMPTY2);
    prepares [preparecnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_prepare_stop (EV_P_ ev_prepare *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      prepares [active - 1] = prepares [--preparecnt];
      ev_active (prepares [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
  void
  ev_check_start (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++checkcnt);
    array_needsize (ev_check *, checks, checkmax, checkcnt, EMPTY2);
    checks [checkcnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_check_stop (EV_P_ ev_check *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      checks [active - 1] = checks [--checkcnt];
      ev_active (checks [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
  void noinline
  ev_embed_sweep (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
  {
    ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
  }
  
  static void
  embed_io_cb (EV_P_ ev_io *io, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)io) - offsetof (ev_embed, io));
  
    if (ev_cb (w))
      ev_feed_event (EV_A_ (W)w, EV_EMBED);
    else
      ev_run (w->other, EVRUN_NOWAIT);
  }
  
  static void
  embed_prepare_cb (EV_P_ ev_prepare *prepare, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)prepare) - offsetof (ev_embed, prepare));
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
  
      while (fdchangecnt)
        {
          fd_reify (EV_A);
          ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
        }
    }
  }
  
  static void
  embed_fork_cb (EV_P_ ev_fork *fork_w, int revents)
  {
    ev_embed *w = (ev_embed *)(((char *)fork_w) - offsetof (ev_embed, fork));
  
    ev_embed_stop (EV_A_ w);
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
  
      ev_loop_fork (EV_A);
      ev_run (EV_A_ EVRUN_NOWAIT);
    }
  
    ev_embed_start (EV_A_ w);
  }
  
  #if 0
  static void
  embed_idle_cb (EV_P_ ev_idle *idle, int revents)
  {
    ev_idle_stop (EV_A_ idle);
  }
  #endif
  
  void
  ev_embed_start (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    {
      EV_P = w->other;
      assert (("libev: loop to be embedded is not embeddable", backend & ev_embeddable_backends ()));
      ev_io_init (&w->io, embed_io_cb, backend_fd, EV_READ);
    }
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_set_priority (&w->io, ev_priority (w));
    ev_io_start (EV_A_ &w->io);
  
    ev_prepare_init (&w->prepare, embed_prepare_cb);
    ev_set_priority (&w->prepare, EV_MINPRI);
    ev_prepare_start (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
  
    ev_fork_init (&w->fork, embed_fork_cb);
    ev_fork_start (EV_A_ &w->fork);
  
    /*ev_idle_init (&w->idle, e,bed_idle_cb);*/
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, 1);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_embed_stop (EV_P_ ev_embed *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_io_stop      (EV_A_ &w->io);
    ev_prepare_stop (EV_A_ &w->prepare);
    ev_fork_stop    (EV_A_ &w->fork);
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
  void
  ev_fork_start (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++forkcnt);
    array_needsize (ev_fork *, forks, forkmax, forkcnt, EMPTY2);
    forks [forkcnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_fork_stop (EV_P_ ev_fork *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      forks [active - 1] = forks [--forkcnt];
      ev_active (forks [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
  void
  ev_async_start (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
  {
    if (expect_false (ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    w->sent = 0;
  
    evpipe_init (EV_A);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    ev_start (EV_A_ (W)w, ++asynccnt);
    array_needsize (ev_async *, asyncs, asyncmax, asynccnt, EMPTY2);
    asyncs [asynccnt - 1] = w;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_async_stop (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
  {
    clear_pending (EV_A_ (W)w);
    if (expect_false (!ev_is_active (w)))
      return;
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  
    {
      int active = ev_active (w);
  
      asyncs [active - 1] = asyncs [--asynccnt];
      ev_active (asyncs [active - 1]) = active;
    }
  
    ev_stop (EV_A_ (W)w);
  
    EV_FREQUENT_CHECK;
  }
  
  void
  ev_async_send (EV_P_ ev_async *w)
  {
    w->sent = 1;
    evpipe_write (EV_A_ &async_pending);
  }
  #endif
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  struct ev_once
  {
    ev_io io;
    ev_timer to;
    void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg);
    void *arg;
  };
  
  static void
  once_cb (EV_P_ struct ev_once *once, int revents)
  {
    void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg) = once->cb;
    void *arg = once->arg;
  
    ev_io_stop    (EV_A_ &once->io);
    ev_timer_stop (EV_A_ &once->to);
    ev_free (once);
  
    cb (revents, arg);
  }
  
  static void
  once_cb_io (EV_P_ ev_io *w, int revents)
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, io));
  
    once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->to));
  }
  
  static void
  once_cb_to (EV_P_ ev_timer *w, int revents)
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)(((char *)w) - offsetof (struct ev_once, to));
  
    once_cb (EV_A_ once, revents | ev_clear_pending (EV_A_ &once->io));
  }
  
  void
  ev_once (EV_P_ int fd, int events, ev_tstamp timeout, void (*cb)(int revents, void *arg), void *arg)
  {
    struct ev_once *once = (struct ev_once *)ev_malloc (sizeof (struct ev_once));
  
    if (expect_false (!once))
      {
        cb (EV_ERROR | EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_TIMER, arg);
        return;
      }
  
    once->cb  = cb;
    once->arg = arg;
  
    ev_init (&once->io, once_cb_io);
    if (fd >= 0)
      {
        ev_io_set (&once->io, fd, events);
        ev_io_start (EV_A_ &once->io);
      }
  
    ev_init (&once->to, once_cb_to);
    if (timeout >= 0.)
      {
        ev_timer_set (&once->to, timeout, 0.);
        ev_timer_start (EV_A_ &once->to);
      }
  }
  
  /*****************************************************************************/
  
  #if EV_WALK_ENABLE
  void
  ev_walk (EV_P_ int types, void (*cb)(EV_P_ int type, void *w))
  {
    int i, j;
    ev_watcher_list *wl, *wn;
  
    if (types & (EV_IO | EV_EMBED))
      for (i = 0; i < anfdmax; ++i)
        for (wl = anfds [i].head; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
  
  #if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
            if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == embed_io_cb)
              {
                if (types & EV_EMBED)
                  cb (EV_A_ EV_EMBED, ((char *)wl) - offsetof (struct ev_embed, io));
              }
            else
  #endif
  #if EV_USE_INOTIFY
            if (ev_cb ((ev_io *)wl) == infy_cb)
              ;
            else
  #endif
            if ((ev_io *)wl != &pipe_w)
              if (types & EV_IO)
                cb (EV_A_ EV_IO, wl);
  
            wl = wn;
          }
  
    if (types & (EV_TIMER | EV_STAT))
      for (i = timercnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
  #if EV_STAT_ENABLE
        /*TODO: timer is not always active*/
        if (ev_cb ((ev_timer *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) == stat_timer_cb)
          {
            if (types & EV_STAT)
              cb (EV_A_ EV_STAT, ((char *)ANHE_w (timers [i])) - offsetof (struct ev_stat, timer));
          }
        else
  #endif
        if (types & EV_TIMER)
          cb (EV_A_ EV_TIMER, ANHE_w (timers [i]));
  
  #if EV_PERIODIC_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_PERIODIC)
      for (i = periodiccnt + HEAP0; i-- > HEAP0; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_PERIODIC, ANHE_w (periodics [i]));
  #endif
  
  #if EV_IDLE_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_IDLE)
      for (j = NUMPRI; i--; )
        for (i = idlecnt [j]; i--; )
          cb (EV_A_ EV_IDLE, idles [j][i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_FORK_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_FORK)
      for (i = forkcnt; i--; )
        if (ev_cb (forks [i]) != embed_fork_cb)
          cb (EV_A_ EV_FORK, forks [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_ASYNC_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_ASYNC)
      for (i = asynccnt; i--; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_ASYNC, asyncs [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_PREPARE_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_PREPARE)
      for (i = preparecnt; i--; )
  # if EV_EMBED_ENABLE
        if (ev_cb (prepares [i]) != embed_prepare_cb)
  # endif
          cb (EV_A_ EV_PREPARE, prepares [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHECK_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_CHECK)
      for (i = checkcnt; i--; )
        cb (EV_A_ EV_CHECK, checks [i]);
  #endif
  
  #if EV_SIGNAL_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_SIGNAL)
      for (i = 0; i < EV_NSIG - 1; ++i)
        for (wl = signals [i].head; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
            cb (EV_A_ EV_SIGNAL, wl);
            wl = wn;
          }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_CHILD_ENABLE
    if (types & EV_CHILD)
      for (i = (EV_PID_HASHSIZE); i--; )
        for (wl = childs [i]; wl; )
          {
            wn = wl->next;
            cb (EV_A_ EV_CHILD, wl);
            wl = wn;
          }
  #endif
  /* EV_STAT     0x00001000 /* stat data changed */
  /* EV_EMBED    0x00010000 /* embedded event loop needs sweep */
  }
  #endif
  
  #if EV_MULTIPLICITY
    #include "ev_wrap.h"
  #endif
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  }
  #endif
  
  