text: import argparse
  import os
  import torch
  
  from exp.exp_informer import Exp_Informer
  
  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='[Informer] Long Sequences Forecasting')
  
  parser.add_argument('--model', type=str,  default='informer',help='model of experiment, options: [informer, informerstack, informerlight(TBD)]')
  
  parser.add_argument('--data', type=str,  default='custom', help='data')
  parser.add_argument('--root_path', type=str, default='./data/', help='root path of the data file')
  parser.add_argument('--data_path', type=str, default='select_feature_DF.csv', help='data file')    
  parser.add_argument('--features', type=str, default='M', help='forecasting task, options:[M, S, MS]; M:multivariate predict multivariate, S:univariate predict univariate, MS:multivariate predict univariate')
  parser.add_argument('--target', type=str, default='Total_Area', help='target feature in S or MS task')
  parser.add_argument('--freq', type=str, default='h', help='freq for time features encoding, options:[s:secondly, t:minutely, h:hourly, d:daily, b:business days, w:weekly, m:monthly], you can also use more detailed freq like 15min or 3h')
  parser.add_argument('--checkpoints', type=str, default='./checkpoints/', help='location of model checkpoints')
  
  parser.add_argument('--seq_len', type=int, default=96, help='input sequence length of Informer encoder')
  parser.add_argument('--label_len', type=int, default=48, help='start token length of Informer decoder')
  parser.add_argument('--pred_len', type=int, default=24, help='prediction sequence length')
  # Informer decoder input: concat[start token series(label_len), zero padding series(pred_len)]
  
  parser.add_argument('--enc_in', type=int, default=4, help='encoder input size')
  parser.add_argument('--dec_in', type=int, default=4, help='decoder input size')
  parser.add_argument('--c_out', type=int, default=1, help='output size')
  parser.add_argument('--d_model', type=int, default=512, help='dimension of model')
  parser.add_argument('--n_heads', type=int, default=8, help='num of heads')
  parser.add_argument('--e_layers', type=int, default=2, help='num of encoder layers')
  parser.add_argument('--d_layers', type=int, default=1, help='num of decoder layers')
  parser.add_argument('--s_layers', type=str, default='3,2,1', help='num of stack encoder layers')
  parser.add_argument('--d_ff', type=int, default=2048, help='dimension of fcn')
  parser.add_argument('--factor', type=int, default=5, help='probsparse attn factor')
  parser.add_argument('--distil', action='store_false', help='whether to use distilling in encoder, using this argument means not using distilling', default=True)
  
  parser.add_argument('--CSP', action='store_true', help='whether to use CSPAttention, default=False', default=True)
  parser.add_argument('--dilated', action='store_true', help='whether to use dilated causal convolution in encoder, default=False', default=True)
  parser.add_argument('--passthrough', action='store_true', help='whether to use passthrough mechanism in encoder, default=False', default=True)
  
  parser.add_argument('--dropout', type=float, default=0.05, help='dropout')
  parser.add_argument('--attn', type=str, default='prob', help='attention used in encoder, options:[prob, full, log]')
  parser.add_argument('--embed', type=str, default='timeF', help='time features encoding, options:[timeF, fixed, learned]')
  parser.add_argument('--activation', type=str, default='gelu',help='activation')
  parser.add_argument('--output_attention', default='False',action='store_true', help='whether to output attention in encoder')
  parser.add_argument('--do_predict', action='store_true', help='whether to predict unseen future data')
  
  parser.add_argument('--padding', type=int, default=0, help='padding type')
  parser.add_argument('--cols', type=str, nargs='+', help='certain cols from the data files as the input features')
  
  parser.add_argument('--num_workers', type=int, default=0, help='data loader num workers')
  parser.add_argument('--itr', type=int, default=2, help='experiments times')
  parser.add_argument('--train_epochs', type=int, default=6, help='train epochs')
  parser.add_argument('--batch_size', type=int, default=16, help='batch size of train input data')
  parser.add_argument('--patience', type=int, default=3, help='early stopping patience')
  parser.add_argument('--learning_rate', type=float, default=0.0001, help='optimizer learning rate')
  parser.add_argument('--des', type=str, default='test',help='exp description')
  parser.add_argument('--loss', type=str, default='mse',help='loss function')
  parser.add_argument('--lradj', type=str, default='type1',help='adjust learning rate')
  parser.add_argument('--use_amp', action='store_true', help='use automatic mixed precision training', default=False)
  parser.add_argument('--inverse', action='store_true', help='inverse output data', default=False)
  
  parser.add_argument('--use_gpu', type=bool, default=True, help='use gpu')
  parser.add_argument('--gpu', type=int, default=0, help='gpu')
  parser.add_argument('--use_multi_gpu', action='store_true', help='use multiple gpus', default=False)
  parser.add_argument('--devices', type=str, default='0,1,2,3',help='device ids of multile gpus')
  
  args = parser.parse_args()
  
  args.use_gpu = True if torch.cuda.is_available() and args.use_gpu else False
  
  if args.use_gpu and args.use_multi_gpu:
      args.dvices = args.devices.replace(' ','')
      device_ids = args.devices.split(',')
      args.device_ids = [int(id_) for id_ in device_ids]
      args.gpu = args.device_ids[0]
  
  data_parser = {
      'ETTh1':{'data':'ETTh1.csv','T':'OT','M':[7,7,7],'S':[1,1,1],'MS':[7,7,1]},
      'ETTh2':{'data':'ETTh2.csv','T':'OT','M':[7,7,7],'S':[1,1,1],'MS':[7,7,1]},
      'ETTm1':{'data':'ETTm1.csv','T':'OT','M':[7,7,7],'S':[1,1,1],'MS':[7,7,1]},
      'ETTm2':{'data':'ETTm2.csv','T':'OT','M':[7,7,7],'S':[1,1,1],'MS':[7,7,1]},
  }
  if args.data in data_parser.keys():
      data_info = data_parser[args.data]
      args.data_path = data_info['data']
      args.target = data_info['T']
      args.enc_in, args.dec_in, args.c_out = data_info[args.features]
  
  args.s_layers = [int(s_l) for s_l in args.s_layers.replace(' ','').split(',')]
  args.detail_freq = args.freq
  args.freq = args.freq[-1:]
  
  print('Args in experiment:')
  print(args)
  
  Exp = Exp_Informer
  
  for ii in range(args.itr):
      # setting record of experiments
      setting = '{}_{}_ft{}_sl{}_ll{}_pl{}_dm{}_nh{}_el{}_dl{}_df{}_at{}_fc{}_eb{}_dt{}_csp{}_dilate{}_passthrough{}_{}_{}'.format(args.model, args.data, args.features,
                  args.seq_len, args.label_len, args.pred_len,
                  args.d_model, args.n_heads, args.e_layers, args.d_layers, args.d_ff, args.attn, args.factor, args.embed, args.distil, args.CSP, args.dilated, args.passthrough, args.des, ii)
  
      exp = Exp(args) # set experiments
      print('>>>>>>>start training : {}>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>'.format(setting))
      exp.train(setting)
      
      print('>>>>>>>testing : {}<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<'.format(setting))
      exp.test(setting)
  
      if args.do_predict:
          print('>>>>>>>predicting : {}<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<'.format(setting))
          exp.predict(setting, True)
  
      torch.cuda.empty_cache()