text: import os
  import sys
  from io import BytesIO, IOBase
  
  _str = str
  str = lambda x=b"": x if type(x) is bytes else _str(x).encode()
  
  BUFSIZE = 8192
  
  
  class FastIO(IOBase):
      newlines = 0
  
      def __init__(self, file):
          self._file = file
          self._fd = file.fileno()
          self.buffer = BytesIO()
          self.writable = "x" in file.mode or "r" not in file.mode
          self.write = self.buffer.write if self.writable else None
  
      def read(self):
          while True:
              b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
              if not b:
                  break
              ptr = self.buffer.tell()
              self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
          self.newlines = 0
          return self.buffer.read()
  
      def readline(self):
          while self.newlines == 0:
              b = os.read(self._fd, max(os.fstat(self._fd).st_size, BUFSIZE))
              self.newlines = b.count(b"\n") + (not b)
              ptr = self.buffer.tell()
              self.buffer.seek(0, 2), self.buffer.write(b), self.buffer.seek(ptr)
          self.newlines -= 1
          return self.buffer.readline()
  
      def flush(self):
          if self.writable:
              os.write(self._fd, self.buffer.getvalue())
              self.buffer.truncate(0), self.buffer.seek(0)
  
  
  class IOWrapper(IOBase):
      def __init__(self, file):
          self.buffer = FastIO(file)
          self.flush = self.buffer.flush
          self.writable = self.buffer.writable
          self.write = lambda s: self.buffer.write(s.encode("ascii"))
          self.read = lambda: self.buffer.read().decode("ascii")
          self.readline = lambda: self.buffer.readline().decode("ascii")
  
  
  sys.stdin, sys.stdout = IOWrapper(sys.stdin), IOWrapper(sys.stdout)
  input = lambda: sys.stdin.readline().rstrip("\r\n")
  