text: fruits = ['orange', 'apple', 'pear', 'banana', 'kiwi', 'apple', 'banana']
  
  print(fruits.count('apple'))
  print(fruits.index('apple'))
  
  fruits.reverse()
  print(fruits)
  
  fruits.sort()
  print(fruits)
  
  print(fruits.pop())
  
  # lambda 匿名函数
  squares = []
  for x in range(10):
      squares.append(x ** 2)
  print(squares)
  print(list(map(lambda x: x ** 2, range(10))))
  # list comprehension 列表生成式
  print([x ** 2 for x in range(10)])
  
  # nested 嵌套
  matrix = [
      [1, 2, 3, 4],
      [5, 6, 7, 8],
      [9, 10, 11, 12],
  ]
  
  print([[row[i] for row in matrix] for i in range(4)])
  
  print(list(zip(*matrix)))
  
  # tuple
  print((0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)[:3])
  
  # 切片
  print((0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)[::2])
  
  # dict to list
  d = {'x': 'A', 'y': 'B', 'z': 'C'}
  print([k + '=' + v for k, v in d.items()])
  