text: // Manipulates responseField to render a formatted and appropriate message
  const renderResponse = (res) => {
    // Displays either message depending on results
    if(res.errors){
      responseField.innerHTML = "<p>Sorry, couldn't format your URL.</p><p>Try again.</p>";
    } else {  
      responseField.innerHTML = `<p>Your shortened url is: </p><p> ${res.shortUrl} </p>`;
    }
  }
  
  // Manipulates responseField to render an unformatted response
  const renderRawResponse = (res) => {
    // Displays either message depending on results
    if(res.errors){  
      responseField.innerHTML = "<p>Sorry, couldn't format your URL.</p><p>Try again.</p>";
    } else {
      // Adds line breaks for JSON
      let structuredRes = JSON.stringify(res).replace(/,/g, ", \n");
      structuredRes = `<pre>${structuredRes}</pre>`;
      responseField.innerHTML = `${structuredRes}`;
    }
  }
  