text: """
  Routines to adjust subplot params so that subplots are
  nicely fit in the figure. In doing so, only axis labels, tick labels, axes
  titles and offsetboxes that are anchored to axes are currently considered.
  
  Internally, this module assumes that the margins (left_margin, etc.) which are
  differences between ax.get_tightbbox and ax.bbox are independent of axes
  position. This may fail if Axes.adjustable is datalim. Also, This will fail
  for some cases (for example, left or right margin is affected by xlabel).
  """
  
  import numpy as np
  
  from matplotlib import cbook, rcParams
  from matplotlib.font_manager import FontProperties
  from matplotlib.transforms import TransformedBbox, Bbox
  
  
  def auto_adjust_subplotpars(
          fig, renderer, nrows_ncols, num1num2_list, subplot_list,
          ax_bbox_list=None, pad=1.08, h_pad=None, w_pad=None, rect=None):
      """
      Return a dict of subplot parameters to adjust spacing between subplots
      or ``None`` if resulting axes would have zero height or width.
  
      Note that this function ignores geometry information of subplot
      itself, but uses what is given by the *nrows_ncols* and *num1num2_list*
      parameters.  Also, the results could be incorrect if some subplots have
      ``adjustable=datalim``.
  
      Parameters
      ----------
      nrows_ncols : Tuple[int, int]
          Number of rows and number of columns of the grid.
      num1num2_list : List[int]
          List of numbers specifying the area occupied by the subplot
      subplot_list : list of subplots
          List of subplots that will be used to calculate optimal subplot_params.
      pad : float
          Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a
          fraction of the font size.
      h_pad, w_pad : float
          Padding (height/width) between edges of adjacent subplots, as a
          fraction of the font size.  Defaults to *pad*.
      rect : Tuple[float, float, float, float]
          [left, bottom, right, top] in normalized (0, 1) figure coordinates.
      """
      rows, cols = nrows_ncols
  
      font_size_inches = (
          FontProperties(size=rcParams["font.size"]).get_size_in_points() / 72)
      pad_inches = pad * font_size_inches
      vpad_inches = h_pad * font_size_inches if h_pad is not None else pad_inches
      hpad_inches = w_pad * font_size_inches if w_pad is not None else pad_inches
  
      if len(num1num2_list) != len(subplot_list) or len(subplot_list) == 0:
          raise ValueError
  
      if rect is None:
          margin_left = margin_bottom = margin_right = margin_top = None
      else:
          margin_left, margin_bottom, _right, _top = rect
          margin_right = 1 - _right if _right else None
          margin_top = 1 - _top if _top else None
  
      vspaces = np.zeros((rows + 1, cols))
      hspaces = np.zeros((rows, cols + 1))
  
      if ax_bbox_list is None:
          ax_bbox_list = [
              Bbox.union([ax.get_position(original=True) for ax in subplots])
              for subplots in subplot_list]
  
      for subplots, ax_bbox, (num1, num2) in zip(subplot_list,
                                                 ax_bbox_list,
                                                 num1num2_list):
          if all(not ax.get_visible() for ax in subplots):
              continue
  
          bb = []
          for ax in subplots:
              if ax.get_visible():
                  try:
                      bb += [ax.get_tightbbox(renderer, for_layout_only=True)]
                  except TypeError:
                      bb += [ax.get_tightbbox(renderer)]
  
          tight_bbox_raw = Bbox.union(bb)
          tight_bbox = TransformedBbox(tight_bbox_raw,
                                       fig.transFigure.inverted())
  
          row1, col1 = divmod(num1, cols)
          if num2 is None:
              num2 = num1
          row2, col2 = divmod(num2, cols)
  
          for row_i in range(row1, row2 + 1):
              hspaces[row_i, col1] += ax_bbox.xmin - tight_bbox.xmin  # left
              hspaces[row_i, col2 + 1] += tight_bbox.xmax - ax_bbox.xmax  # right
          for col_i in range(col1, col2 + 1):
              vspaces[row1, col_i] += tight_bbox.ymax - ax_bbox.ymax  # top
              vspaces[row2 + 1, col_i] += ax_bbox.ymin - tight_bbox.ymin  # bot.
  
      fig_width_inch, fig_height_inch = fig.get_size_inches()
  
      # margins can be negative for axes with aspect applied, so use max(, 0) to
      # make them nonnegative.
      if not margin_left:
          margin_left = (max(hspaces[:, 0].max(), 0)
                         + pad_inches / fig_width_inch)
      if not margin_right:
          margin_right = (max(hspaces[:, -1].max(), 0)
                          + pad_inches / fig_width_inch)
      if not margin_top:
          margin_top = (max(vspaces[0, :].max(), 0)
                        + pad_inches / fig_height_inch)
          suptitle = fig._suptitle
          if suptitle and suptitle.get_in_layout():
              rel_suptitle_height = fig.transFigure.inverted().transform_bbox(
                  suptitle.get_window_extent(renderer)).height
              margin_top += rel_suptitle_height + pad_inches / fig_height_inch
      if not margin_bottom:
          margin_bottom = (max(vspaces[-1, :].max(), 0)
                           + pad_inches / fig_height_inch)
  
      if margin_left + margin_right >= 1:
          cbook._warn_external('Tight layout not applied. The left and right '
                               'margins cannot be made large enough to '
                               'accommodate all axes decorations. ')
          return None
      if margin_bottom + margin_top >= 1:
          cbook._warn_external('Tight layout not applied. The bottom and top '
                               'margins cannot be made large enough to '
                               'accommodate all axes decorations. ')
          return None
  
      kwargs = dict(left=margin_left,
                    right=1 - margin_right,
                    bottom=margin_bottom,
                    top=1 - margin_top)
  
      if cols > 1:
          hspace = hspaces[:, 1:-1].max() + hpad_inches / fig_width_inch
          # axes widths:
          h_axes = (1 - margin_right - margin_left - hspace * (cols - 1)) / cols
          if h_axes < 0:
              cbook._warn_external('Tight layout not applied. tight_layout '
                                   'cannot make axes width small enough to '
                                   'accommodate all axes decorations')
              return None
          else:
              kwargs["wspace"] = hspace / h_axes
      if rows > 1:
          vspace = vspaces[1:-1, :].max() + vpad_inches / fig_height_inch
          v_axes = (1 - margin_top - margin_bottom - vspace * (rows - 1)) / rows
          if v_axes < 0:
              cbook._warn_external('Tight layout not applied. tight_layout '
                                   'cannot make axes height small enough to '
                                   'accommodate all axes decorations')
              return None
          else:
              kwargs["hspace"] = vspace / v_axes
  
      return kwargs
  
  
  def get_renderer(fig):
      if fig._cachedRenderer:
          return fig._cachedRenderer
      else:
          canvas = fig.canvas
          if canvas and hasattr(canvas, "get_renderer"):
              return canvas.get_renderer()
          else:
              from . import backend_bases
              return backend_bases._get_renderer(fig)
  
  
  def get_subplotspec_list(axes_list, grid_spec=None):
      """
      Return a list of subplotspec from the given list of axes.
  
      For an instance of axes that does not support subplotspec, None is inserted
      in the list.
  
      If grid_spec is given, None is inserted for those not from the given
      grid_spec.
      """
      subplotspec_list = []
      for ax in axes_list:
          axes_or_locator = ax.get_axes_locator()
          if axes_or_locator is None:
              axes_or_locator = ax
  
          if hasattr(axes_or_locator, "get_subplotspec"):
              subplotspec = axes_or_locator.get_subplotspec()
              subplotspec = subplotspec.get_topmost_subplotspec()
              gs = subplotspec.get_gridspec()
              if grid_spec is not None:
                  if gs != grid_spec:
                      subplotspec = None
              elif gs.locally_modified_subplot_params():
                  subplotspec = None
          else:
              subplotspec = None
  
          subplotspec_list.append(subplotspec)
  
      return subplotspec_list
  
  
  def get_tight_layout_figure(fig, axes_list, subplotspec_list, renderer,
                              pad=1.08, h_pad=None, w_pad=None, rect=None):
      """
      Return subplot parameters for tight-layouted-figure with specified padding.
  
      Parameters
      ----------
      fig : Figure
      axes_list : list of Axes
      subplotspec_list : list of `.SubplotSpec`
          The subplotspecs of each axes.
      renderer : renderer
      pad : float
          Padding between the figure edge and the edges of subplots, as a
          fraction of the font size.
      h_pad, w_pad : float
          Padding (height/width) between edges of adjacent subplots.  Defaults to
          *pad*.
      rect : Tuple[float, float, float, float], optional
          (left, bottom, right, top) rectangle in normalized figure coordinates
          that the whole subplots area (including labels) will fit into.
          Defaults to using the entire figure.
  
      Returns
      -------
      subplotspec or None
          subplotspec kwargs to be passed to `.Figure.subplots_adjust` or
          None if tight_layout could not be accomplished.
  
      """
  
      subplot_list = []
      nrows_list = []
      ncols_list = []
      ax_bbox_list = []
  
      # Multiple axes can share same subplot_interface (e.g., axes_grid1); thus
      # we need to join them together.
      subplot_dict = {}
  
      subplotspec_list2 = []
  
      for ax, subplotspec in zip(axes_list, subplotspec_list):
          if subplotspec is None:
              continue
  
          subplots = subplot_dict.setdefault(subplotspec, [])
  
          if not subplots:
              myrows, mycols, _, _ = subplotspec.get_geometry()
              nrows_list.append(myrows)
              ncols_list.append(mycols)
              subplotspec_list2.append(subplotspec)
              subplot_list.append(subplots)
              ax_bbox_list.append(subplotspec.get_position(fig))
  
          subplots.append(ax)
  
      if len(nrows_list) == 0 or len(ncols_list) == 0:
          return {}
  
      max_nrows = max(nrows_list)
      max_ncols = max(ncols_list)
  
      num1num2_list = []
      for subplotspec in subplotspec_list2:
          rows, cols, num1, num2 = subplotspec.get_geometry()
          div_row, mod_row = divmod(max_nrows, rows)
          div_col, mod_col = divmod(max_ncols, cols)
          if mod_row != 0:
              cbook._warn_external('tight_layout not applied: number of rows '
                                   'in subplot specifications must be '
                                   'multiples of one another.')
              return {}
          if mod_col != 0:
              cbook._warn_external('tight_layout not applied: number of '
                                   'columns in subplot specifications must be '
                                   'multiples of one another.')
              return {}
  
          rowNum1, colNum1 = divmod(num1, cols)
          if num2 is None:
              rowNum2, colNum2 = rowNum1, colNum1
          else:
              rowNum2, colNum2 = divmod(num2, cols)
  
          num1num2_list.append((rowNum1 * div_row * max_ncols +
                                colNum1 * div_col,
                                ((rowNum2 + 1) * div_row - 1) * max_ncols +
                                (colNum2 + 1) * div_col - 1))
  
      kwargs = auto_adjust_subplotpars(fig, renderer,
                                       nrows_ncols=(max_nrows, max_ncols),
                                       num1num2_list=num1num2_list,
                                       subplot_list=subplot_list,
                                       ax_bbox_list=ax_bbox_list,
                                       pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad)
  
      # kwargs can be none if tight_layout fails...
      if rect is not None and kwargs is not None:
          # if rect is given, the whole subplots area (including
          # labels) will fit into the rect instead of the
          # figure. Note that the rect argument of
          # *auto_adjust_subplotpars* specify the area that will be
          # covered by the total area of axes.bbox. Thus we call
          # auto_adjust_subplotpars twice, where the second run
          # with adjusted rect parameters.
  
          left, bottom, right, top = rect
          if left is not None:
              left += kwargs["left"]
          if bottom is not None:
              bottom += kwargs["bottom"]
          if right is not None:
              right -= (1 - kwargs["right"])
          if top is not None:
              top -= (1 - kwargs["top"])
  
          kwargs = auto_adjust_subplotpars(fig, renderer,
                                           nrows_ncols=(max_nrows, max_ncols),
                                           num1num2_list=num1num2_list,
                                           subplot_list=subplot_list,
                                           ax_bbox_list=ax_bbox_list,
                                           pad=pad, h_pad=h_pad, w_pad=w_pad,
                                           rect=(left, bottom, right, top))
  
      return kwargs
  