text: /*
    winreg.c
  
    Windows Registry access module for Python.
  
    * Simple registry access written by Mark Hammond in win32api
      module circa 1995.
    * Bill Tutt expanded the support significantly not long after.
    * Numerous other people have submitted patches since then.
    * Ripped from win32api module 03-Feb-2000 by Mark Hammond, and
      basic Unicode support added.
  
  */
  
  #include "Python.h"
  #include "structmember.h"
  #include "windows.h"
  
  static BOOL PyHKEY_AsHKEY(PyObject *ob, HKEY *pRes, BOOL bNoneOK);
  static BOOL clinic_HKEY_converter(PyObject *ob, void *p);
  static PyObject *PyHKEY_FromHKEY(HKEY h);
  static BOOL PyHKEY_Close(PyObject *obHandle);
  
  static char errNotAHandle[] = "Object is not a handle";
  
  /* The win32api module reports the function name that failed,
     but this concept is not in the Python core.
     Hopefully it will one day, and in the meantime I dont
     want to lose this info...
  */
  #define PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, fnname) \
      PyErr_SetFromWindowsErr(rc)
  
  /* Forward declares */
  
  /* Doc strings */
  PyDoc_STRVAR(module_doc,
  "This module provides access to the Windows registry API.\n"
  "\n"
  "Functions:\n"
  "\n"
  "CloseKey() - Closes a registry key.\n"
  "ConnectRegistry() - Establishes a connection to a predefined registry handle\n"
  "                    on another computer.\n"
  "CreateKey() - Creates the specified key, or opens it if it already exists.\n"
  "DeleteKey() - Deletes the specified key.\n"
  "DeleteValue() - Removes a named value from the specified registry key.\n"
  "EnumKey() - Enumerates subkeys of the specified open registry key.\n"
  "EnumValue() - Enumerates values of the specified open registry key.\n"
  "ExpandEnvironmentStrings() - Expand the env strings in a REG_EXPAND_SZ\n"
  "                             string.\n"
  "FlushKey() - Writes all the attributes of the specified key to the registry.\n"
  "LoadKey() - Creates a subkey under HKEY_USER or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE and\n"
  "            stores registration information from a specified file into that\n"
  "            subkey.\n"
  "OpenKey() - Opens the specified key.\n"
  "OpenKeyEx() - Alias of OpenKey().\n"
  "QueryValue() - Retrieves the value associated with the unnamed value for a\n"
  "               specified key in the registry.\n"
  "QueryValueEx() - Retrieves the type and data for a specified value name\n"
  "                 associated with an open registry key.\n"
  "QueryInfoKey() - Returns information about the specified key.\n"
  "SaveKey() - Saves the specified key, and all its subkeys a file.\n"
  "SetValue() - Associates a value with a specified key.\n"
  "SetValueEx() - Stores data in the value field of an open registry key.\n"
  "\n"
  "Special objects:\n"
  "\n"
  "HKEYType -- type object for HKEY objects\n"
  "error -- exception raised for Win32 errors\n"
  "\n"
  "Integer constants:\n"
  "Many constants are defined - see the documentation for each function\n"
  "to see what constants are used, and where.");
  
  
  
  /* PyHKEY docstrings */
  PyDoc_STRVAR(PyHKEY_doc,
  "PyHKEY Object - A Python object, representing a win32 registry key.\n"
  "\n"
  "This object wraps a Windows HKEY object, automatically closing it when\n"
  "the object is destroyed.  To guarantee cleanup, you can call either\n"
  "the Close() method on the PyHKEY, or the CloseKey() method.\n"
  "\n"
  "All functions which accept a handle object also accept an integer - \n"
  "however, use of the handle object is encouraged.\n"
  "\n"
  "Functions:\n"
  "Close() - Closes the underlying handle.\n"
  "Detach() - Returns the integer Win32 handle, detaching it from the object\n"
  "\n"
  "Properties:\n"
  "handle - The integer Win32 handle.\n"
  "\n"
  "Operations:\n"
  "__bool__ - Handles with an open object return true, otherwise false.\n"
  "__int__ - Converting a handle to an integer returns the Win32 handle.\n"
  "rich comparison - Handle objects are compared using the handle value.");
  
  
  
  /************************************************************************
  
    The PyHKEY object definition
  
  ************************************************************************/
  typedef struct {
      PyObject_VAR_HEAD
      HKEY hkey;
  } PyHKEYObject;
  
  #define PyHKEY_Check(op) ((op)->ob_type == &PyHKEY_Type)
  
  static char *failMsg = "bad operand type";
  
  static PyObject *
  PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, failMsg);
      return NULL;
  }
  static PyObject *
  PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc(PyObject *ob1, PyObject *ob2)
  {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, failMsg);
      return NULL;
  }
  static PyObject *
  PyHKEY_ternaryFailureFunc(PyObject *ob1, PyObject *ob2, PyObject *ob3)
  {
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, failMsg);
      return NULL;
  }
  
  static void
  PyHKEY_deallocFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      /* Can not call PyHKEY_Close, as the ob->tp_type
         has already been cleared, thus causing the type
         check to fail!
      */
      PyHKEYObject *obkey = (PyHKEYObject *)ob;
      if (obkey->hkey)
          RegCloseKey((HKEY)obkey->hkey);
      PyObject_DEL(ob);
  }
  
  static int
  PyHKEY_boolFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      return ((PyHKEYObject *)ob)->hkey != 0;
  }
  
  static PyObject *
  PyHKEY_intFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      PyHKEYObject *pyhkey = (PyHKEYObject *)ob;
      return PyLong_FromVoidPtr(pyhkey->hkey);
  }
  
  static PyObject *
  PyHKEY_strFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      PyHKEYObject *pyhkey = (PyHKEYObject *)ob;
      return PyUnicode_FromFormat("<PyHKEY:%p>", pyhkey->hkey);
  }
  
  static int
  PyHKEY_compareFunc(PyObject *ob1, PyObject *ob2)
  {
      PyHKEYObject *pyhkey1 = (PyHKEYObject *)ob1;
      PyHKEYObject *pyhkey2 = (PyHKEYObject *)ob2;
      return pyhkey1 == pyhkey2 ? 0 :
           (pyhkey1 < pyhkey2 ? -1 : 1);
  }
  
  static Py_hash_t
  PyHKEY_hashFunc(PyObject *ob)
  {
      /* Just use the address.
         XXX - should we use the handle value?
      */
      return _Py_HashPointer(ob);
  }
  
  
  static PyNumberMethods PyHKEY_NumberMethods =
  {
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_add */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_subtract */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_multiply */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_remainder */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_divmod */
      PyHKEY_ternaryFailureFunc,          /* nb_power */
      PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc,            /* nb_negative */
      PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc,            /* nb_positive */
      PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc,            /* nb_absolute */
      PyHKEY_boolFunc,                    /* nb_bool */
      PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc,            /* nb_invert */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_lshift */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_rshift */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_and */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_xor */
      PyHKEY_binaryFailureFunc,           /* nb_or */
      PyHKEY_intFunc,                     /* nb_int */
      0,                                  /* nb_reserved */
      PyHKEY_unaryFailureFunc,            /* nb_float */
  };
  
  /*[clinic input]
  module winreg
  class winreg.HKEYType "PyHKEYObject *" "&PyHKEY_Type"
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=4c964eba3bf914d6]*/
  
  /*[python input]
  class REGSAM_converter(CConverter):
      type = 'REGSAM'
      format_unit = 'i'
  
  class DWORD_converter(CConverter):
      type = 'DWORD'
      format_unit = 'k'
  
  class HKEY_converter(CConverter):
      type = 'HKEY'
      converter = 'clinic_HKEY_converter'
  
  class HKEY_return_converter(CReturnConverter):
      type = 'HKEY'
  
      def render(self, function, data):
          self.declare(data)
          self.err_occurred_if_null_pointer("_return_value", data)
          data.return_conversion.append(
              'return_value = PyHKEY_FromHKEY(_return_value);\n')
  
  # HACK: this only works for PyHKEYObjects, nothing else.
  #       Should this be generalized and enshrined in clinic.py,
  #       destroy this converter with prejudice.
  class self_return_converter(CReturnConverter):
      type = 'PyHKEYObject *'
  
      def render(self, function, data):
          self.declare(data)
          data.return_conversion.append(
              'return_value = (PyObject *)_return_value;\n')
  [python start generated code]*/
  /*[python end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=22f7aedc6d68e80e]*/
  
  #include "clinic/winreg.c.h"
  
  /************************************************************************
  
    The PyHKEY object methods
  
  ************************************************************************/
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.HKEYType.Close
  
  Closes the underlying Windows handle.
  
  If the handle is already closed, no error is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_HKEYType_Close_impl(PyHKEYObject *self)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=fced3a624fb0c344 input=6786ac75f6b89de6]*/
  {
      if (!PyHKEY_Close((PyObject *)self))
          return NULL;
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.HKEYType.Detach
  
  Detaches the Windows handle from the handle object.
  
  The result is the value of the handle before it is detached.  If the
  handle is already detached, this will return zero.
  
  After calling this function, the handle is effectively invalidated,
  but the handle is not closed.  You would call this function when you
  need the underlying win32 handle to exist beyond the lifetime of the
  handle object.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_HKEYType_Detach_impl(PyHKEYObject *self)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=dda5a9e1a01ae78f input=dd2cc09e6c6ba833]*/
  {
      void* ret;
      ret = (void*)self->hkey;
      self->hkey = 0;
      return PyLong_FromVoidPtr(ret);
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.HKEYType.__enter__ -> self
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyHKEYObject *
  winreg_HKEYType___enter___impl(PyHKEYObject *self)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=52c34986dab28990 input=c40fab1f0690a8e2]*/
  {
      Py_XINCREF(self);
      return self;
  }
  
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.HKEYType.__exit__
  
      exc_type: object
      exc_value: object
      traceback: object
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_HKEYType___exit___impl(PyHKEYObject *self, PyObject *exc_type,
                                PyObject *exc_value, PyObject *traceback)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=923ebe7389e6a263 input=fb32489ee92403c7]*/
  {
      if (!PyHKEY_Close((PyObject *)self))
          return NULL;
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d input=da39a3ee5e6b4b0d]*/
  
  static struct PyMethodDef PyHKEY_methods[] = {
      WINREG_HKEYTYPE_CLOSE_METHODDEF
      WINREG_HKEYTYPE_DETACH_METHODDEF
      WINREG_HKEYTYPE___ENTER___METHODDEF
      WINREG_HKEYTYPE___EXIT___METHODDEF
      {NULL}
  };
  
  #define OFF(e) offsetof(PyHKEYObject, e)
  static PyMemberDef PyHKEY_memberlist[] = {
      {"handle",      T_INT,      OFF(hkey), READONLY},
      {NULL}    /* Sentinel */
  };
  
  /* The type itself */
  PyTypeObject PyHKEY_Type =
  {
      PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(0, 0) /* fill in type at module init */
      "PyHKEY",
      sizeof(PyHKEYObject),
      0,
      PyHKEY_deallocFunc,                 /* tp_dealloc */
      0,                                  /* tp_print */
      0,                                  /* tp_getattr */
      0,                                  /* tp_setattr */
      0,                                  /* tp_reserved */
      0,                                  /* tp_repr */
      &PyHKEY_NumberMethods,              /* tp_as_number */
      0,                                  /* tp_as_sequence */
      0,                                  /* tp_as_mapping */
      PyHKEY_hashFunc,                    /* tp_hash */
      0,                                  /* tp_call */
      PyHKEY_strFunc,                     /* tp_str */
      0,                                  /* tp_getattro */
      0,                                  /* tp_setattro */
      0,                                  /* tp_as_buffer */
      0,                                  /* tp_flags */
      PyHKEY_doc,                         /* tp_doc */
      0,                                  /*tp_traverse*/
      0,                                  /*tp_clear*/
      0,                                  /*tp_richcompare*/
      0,                                  /*tp_weaklistoffset*/
      0,                                  /*tp_iter*/
      0,                                  /*tp_iternext*/
      PyHKEY_methods,                     /*tp_methods*/
      PyHKEY_memberlist,                  /*tp_members*/
  };
  
  /************************************************************************
     The public PyHKEY API (well, not public yet :-)
  ************************************************************************/
  PyObject *
  PyHKEY_New(HKEY hInit)
  {
      PyHKEYObject *key = PyObject_NEW(PyHKEYObject, &PyHKEY_Type);
      if (key)
          key->hkey = hInit;
      return (PyObject *)key;
  }
  
  BOOL
  PyHKEY_Close(PyObject *ob_handle)
  {
      LONG rc;
      PyHKEYObject *key;
  
      if (!PyHKEY_Check(ob_handle)) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "bad operand type");
          return FALSE;
      }
      key = (PyHKEYObject *)ob_handle;
      rc = key->hkey ? RegCloseKey((HKEY)key->hkey) : ERROR_SUCCESS;
      key->hkey = 0;
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegCloseKey");
      return rc == ERROR_SUCCESS;
  }
  
  BOOL
  PyHKEY_AsHKEY(PyObject *ob, HKEY *pHANDLE, BOOL bNoneOK)
  {
      if (ob == Py_None) {
          if (!bNoneOK) {
              PyErr_SetString(
                        PyExc_TypeError,
                        "None is not a valid HKEY in this context");
              return FALSE;
          }
          *pHANDLE = (HKEY)0;
      }
      else if (PyHKEY_Check(ob)) {
          PyHKEYObject *pH = (PyHKEYObject *)ob;
          *pHANDLE = pH->hkey;
      }
      else if (PyLong_Check(ob)) {
          /* We also support integers */
          PyErr_Clear();
          *pHANDLE = (HKEY)PyLong_AsVoidPtr(ob);
          if (PyErr_Occurred())
              return FALSE;
      }
      else {
          PyErr_SetString(
                          PyExc_TypeError,
              "The object is not a PyHKEY object");
          return FALSE;
      }
      return TRUE;
  }
  
  BOOL
  clinic_HKEY_converter(PyObject *ob, void *p)
  {
      if (!PyHKEY_AsHKEY(ob, (HKEY *)p, FALSE))
          return FALSE;
      return TRUE;
  }
  
  PyObject *
  PyHKEY_FromHKEY(HKEY h)
  {
      PyHKEYObject *op;
  
      /* Inline PyObject_New */
      op = (PyHKEYObject *) PyObject_MALLOC(sizeof(PyHKEYObject));
      if (op == NULL)
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
      PyObject_INIT(op, &PyHKEY_Type);
      op->hkey = h;
      return (PyObject *)op;
  }
  
  
  /************************************************************************
    The module methods
  ************************************************************************/
  BOOL
  PyWinObject_CloseHKEY(PyObject *obHandle)
  {
      BOOL ok;
      if (PyHKEY_Check(obHandle)) {
          ok = PyHKEY_Close(obHandle);
      }
  #if SIZEOF_LONG >= SIZEOF_HKEY
      else if (PyLong_Check(obHandle)) {
          long rc = RegCloseKey((HKEY)PyLong_AsLong(obHandle));
          ok = (rc == ERROR_SUCCESS);
          if (!ok)
              PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegCloseKey");
      }
  #else
      else if (PyLong_Check(obHandle)) {
          long rc = RegCloseKey((HKEY)PyLong_AsVoidPtr(obHandle));
          ok = (rc == ERROR_SUCCESS);
          if (!ok)
              PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegCloseKey");
      }
  #endif
      else {
          PyErr_SetString(
              PyExc_TypeError,
              "A handle must be a HKEY object or an integer");
          return FALSE;
      }
      return ok;
  }
  
  
  /*
     Private Helper functions for the registry interfaces
  
  ** Note that fixupMultiSZ and countString have both had changes
  ** made to support "incorrect strings".  The registry specification
  ** calls for strings to be terminated with 2 null bytes.  It seems
  ** some commercial packages install strings which dont conform,
  ** causing this code to fail - however, "regedit" etc still work
  ** with these strings (ie only we dont!).
  */
  static void
  fixupMultiSZ(wchar_t **str, wchar_t *data, int len)
  {
      wchar_t *P;
      int i;
      wchar_t *Q;
  
      Q = data + len;
      for (P = data, i = 0; P < Q && *P != '\0'; P++, i++) {
          str[i] = P;
          for(; *P != '\0'; P++)
              ;
      }
  }
  
  static int
  countStrings(wchar_t *data, int len)
  {
      int strings;
      wchar_t *P;
      wchar_t *Q = data + len;
  
      for (P = data, strings = 0; P < Q && *P != '\0'; P++, strings++)
          for (; P < Q && *P != '\0'; P++)
              ;
      return strings;
  }
  
  /* Convert PyObject into Registry data.
     Allocates space as needed. */
  static BOOL
  Py2Reg(PyObject *value, DWORD typ, BYTE **retDataBuf, DWORD *retDataSize)
  {
      Py_ssize_t i,j;
      switch (typ) {
          case REG_DWORD:
              if (value != Py_None && !PyLong_Check(value))
                  return FALSE;
              *retDataBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_NEW(DWORD, 1);
              if (*retDataBuf==NULL){
                  PyErr_NoMemory();
                  return FALSE;
              }
              *retDataSize = sizeof(DWORD);
              if (value == Py_None) {
                  DWORD zero = 0;
                  memcpy(*retDataBuf, &zero, sizeof(DWORD));
              }
              else {
                  DWORD d = PyLong_AsUnsignedLong(value);
                  memcpy(*retDataBuf, &d, sizeof(DWORD));
              }
              break;
          case REG_SZ:
          case REG_EXPAND_SZ:
              {
                  if (value != Py_None) {
                      Py_ssize_t len;
                      if (!PyUnicode_Check(value))
                          return FALSE;
                      *retDataBuf = (BYTE*)PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(value, &len);
                      if (*retDataBuf == NULL)
                          return FALSE;
                      *retDataSize = Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(
                          (len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t),
                          Py_ssize_t, DWORD);
                  }
                  else {
                      *retDataBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_NEW(wchar_t, 1);
                      if (*retDataBuf == NULL) {
                          PyErr_NoMemory();
                          return FALSE;
                      }
                      ((wchar_t *)*retDataBuf)[0] = L'\0';
                      *retDataSize = 1 * sizeof(wchar_t);
                  }
                  break;
              }
          case REG_MULTI_SZ:
              {
                  DWORD size = 0;
                  wchar_t *P;
  
                  if (value == Py_None)
                      i = 0;
                  else {
                      if (!PyList_Check(value))
                          return FALSE;
                      i = PyList_Size(value);
                  }
                  for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                  {
                      PyObject *t;
                      wchar_t *wstr;
                      Py_ssize_t len;
  
                      t = PyList_GET_ITEM(value, j);
                      if (!PyUnicode_Check(t))
                          return FALSE;
                      wstr = PyUnicode_AsUnicodeAndSize(t, &len);
                      if (wstr == NULL)
                          return FALSE;
                      size += Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST((len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t),
                                               size_t, DWORD);
                  }
  
                  *retDataSize = size + 2;
                  *retDataBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_NEW(char,
                                                  *retDataSize);
                  if (*retDataBuf==NULL){
                      PyErr_NoMemory();
                      return FALSE;
                  }
                  P = (wchar_t *)*retDataBuf;
  
                  for (j = 0; j < i; j++)
                  {
                      PyObject *t;
                      wchar_t *wstr;
                      Py_ssize_t len;
  
                      t = PyList_GET_ITEM(value, j);
                      wstr = PyUnicode_AsUnicodeAndSize(t, &len);
                      if (wstr == NULL)
                          return FALSE;
                      wcscpy(P, wstr);
                      P += (len + 1);
                  }
                  /* And doubly-terminate the list... */
                  *P = '\0';
                  break;
              }
          case REG_BINARY:
          /* ALSO handle ALL unknown data types here.  Even if we can't
             support it natively, we should handle the bits. */
          default:
              if (value == Py_None) {
                  *retDataSize = 0;
                  *retDataBuf = NULL;
              }
              else {
                  Py_buffer view;
  
                  if (!PyObject_CheckBuffer(value)) {
                      PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                          "Objects of type '%s' can not "
                          "be used as binary registry values",
                          value->ob_type->tp_name);
                      return FALSE;
                  }
  
                  if (PyObject_GetBuffer(value, &view, PyBUF_SIMPLE) < 0)
                      return FALSE;
  
                  *retDataBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_NEW(char, view.len);
                  if (*retDataBuf==NULL){
                      PyBuffer_Release(&view);
                      PyErr_NoMemory();
                      return FALSE;
                  }
                  *retDataSize = Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST(view.len, Py_ssize_t, DWORD);
                  memcpy(*retDataBuf, view.buf, view.len);
                  PyBuffer_Release(&view);
              }
              break;
      }
      return TRUE;
  }
  
  /* Convert Registry data into PyObject*/
  static PyObject *
  Reg2Py(BYTE *retDataBuf, DWORD retDataSize, DWORD typ)
  {
      PyObject *obData;
  
      switch (typ) {
          case REG_DWORD:
              if (retDataSize == 0)
                  obData = PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(0);
              else
                  obData = PyLong_FromUnsignedLong(*(int *)retDataBuf);
              break;
          case REG_SZ:
          case REG_EXPAND_SZ:
              {
                  /* the buffer may or may not have a trailing NULL */
                  wchar_t *data = (wchar_t *)retDataBuf;
                  int len = retDataSize / 2;
                  if (retDataSize && data[len-1] == '\0')
                      retDataSize -= 2;
                  if (retDataSize <= 0)
                      data = L"";
                  obData = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(data, retDataSize/2);
                  break;
              }
          case REG_MULTI_SZ:
              if (retDataSize == 0)
                  obData = PyList_New(0);
              else
              {
                  int index = 0;
                  wchar_t *data = (wchar_t *)retDataBuf;
                  int len = retDataSize / 2;
                  int s = countStrings(data, len);
                  wchar_t **str = PyMem_New(wchar_t *, s);
                  if (str == NULL)
                      return PyErr_NoMemory();
  
                  fixupMultiSZ(str, data, len);
                  obData = PyList_New(s);
                  if (obData == NULL) {
                      PyMem_Free(str);
                      return NULL;
                  }
                  for (index = 0; index < s; index++)
                  {
                      size_t len = wcslen(str[index]);
                      if (len > INT_MAX) {
                          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OverflowError,
                              "registry string is too long for a Python string");
                          Py_DECREF(obData);
                          PyMem_Free(str);
                          return NULL;
                      }
                      PyList_SetItem(obData,
                                     index,
                                     PyUnicode_FromWideChar(str[index], len));
                  }
                  PyMem_Free(str);
  
                  break;
              }
          case REG_BINARY:
          /* ALSO handle ALL unknown data types here.  Even if we can't
             support it natively, we should handle the bits. */
          default:
              if (retDataSize == 0) {
                  Py_INCREF(Py_None);
                  obData = Py_None;
              }
              else
                  obData = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(
                               (char *)retDataBuf, retDataSize);
              break;
      }
      return obData;
  }
  
  /* The Python methods */
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.CloseKey
  
      hkey: object
          A previously opened key.
      /
  
  Closes a previously opened registry key.
  
  Note that if the key is not closed using this method, it will be
  closed when the hkey object is destroyed by Python.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_CloseKey(PyModuleDef *module, PyObject *hkey)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=d96f73439403a064 input=5b1aac65ba5127ad]*/
  {
      if (!PyHKEY_Close(hkey))
          return NULL;
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.ConnectRegistry -> HKEY
  
      computer_name: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          The name of the remote computer, of the form r"\\computername".  If
          None, the local computer is used.
      key: HKEY
          The predefined key to connect to.
      /
  
  Establishes a connection to the registry on another computer.
  
  The return value is the handle of the opened key.
  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static HKEY
  winreg_ConnectRegistry_impl(PyModuleDef *module, Py_UNICODE *computer_name,
                              HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=5c52f6f7ba6e7b46 input=5f98a891a347e68e]*/
  {
      HKEY retKey;
      long rc;
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegConnectRegistryW(computer_name, key, &retKey);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "ConnectRegistry");
          return NULL;
      }
      return retKey;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.CreateKey -> HKEY
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          The name of the key this method opens or creates.
      /
  
  Creates or opens the specified key.
  
  If key is one of the predefined keys, sub_key may be None. In that case,
  the handle returned is the same key handle passed in to the function.
  
  If the key already exists, this function opens the existing key.
  
  The return value is the handle of the opened key.
  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static HKEY
  winreg_CreateKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=cd6843f30a73fc0e input=3cdd1622488acea2]*/
  {
      HKEY retKey;
      long rc;
  
      rc = RegCreateKeyW(key, sub_key, &retKey);
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "CreateKey");
          return NULL;
      }
      return retKey;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.CreateKeyEx -> HKEY
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          The name of the key this method opens or creates.
      reserved: int = 0
          A reserved integer, and must be zero.  Default is zero.
      access: REGSAM(c_default='KEY_WRITE') = winreg.KEY_WRITE
          An integer that specifies an access mask that describes the
          desired security access for the key. Default is KEY_WRITE.
  
  Creates or opens the specified key.
  
  If key is one of the predefined keys, sub_key may be None. In that case,
  the handle returned is the same key handle passed in to the function.
  
  If the key already exists, this function opens the existing key
  
  The return value is the handle of the opened key.
  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static HKEY
  winreg_CreateKeyEx_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                          int reserved, REGSAM access)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=db835d5be84e72b2 input=42c2b03f98406b66]*/
  {
      HKEY retKey;
      long rc;
  
      rc = RegCreateKeyExW(key, sub_key, reserved, NULL, (DWORD)NULL,
                           access, NULL, &retKey, NULL);
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "CreateKeyEx");
          return NULL;
      }
      return retKey;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.DeleteKey
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE
          A string that must be the name of a subkey of the key identified by
          the key parameter. This value must not be None, and the key may not
          have subkeys.
      /
  
  Deletes the specified key.
  
  This method can not delete keys with subkeys.
  
  If the function succeeds, the entire key, including all of its values,
  is removed.  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_DeleteKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=875c8917dacbc99d input=b31d225b935e4211]*/
  {
      long rc;
      rc = RegDeleteKeyW(key, sub_key );
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegDeleteKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.DeleteKeyEx
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE
          A string that must be the name of a subkey of the key identified by
          the key parameter. This value must not be None, and the key may not
          have subkeys.
      access: REGSAM(c_default='KEY_WOW64_64KEY') = winreg.KEY_WOW64_64KEY
          An integer that specifies an access mask that describes the
          desired security access for the key. Default is KEY_WOW64_64KEY.
      reserved: int = 0
          A reserved integer, and must be zero.  Default is zero.
  
  Deletes the specified key (64-bit OS only).
  
  This method can not delete keys with subkeys.
  
  If the function succeeds, the entire key, including all of its values,
  is removed.  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  On unsupported Windows versions, NotImplementedError is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_DeleteKeyEx_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                          REGSAM access, int reserved)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=0362a0ac6502379f input=711d9d89e7ecbed7]*/
  {
      HMODULE hMod;
      typedef LONG (WINAPI *RDKEFunc)(HKEY, const wchar_t*, REGSAM, int);
      RDKEFunc pfn = NULL;
      long rc;
  
      /* Only available on 64bit platforms, so we must load it
         dynamically. */
      hMod = GetModuleHandleW(L"advapi32.dll");
      if (hMod)
          pfn = (RDKEFunc)GetProcAddress(hMod,
                                                                     "RegDeleteKeyExW");
      if (!pfn) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
                                          "not implemented on this platform");
          return NULL;
      }
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = (*pfn)(key, sub_key, access, reserved);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
  
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegDeleteKeyEx");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.DeleteValue
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      value: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string that identifies the value to remove.
      /
  
  Removes a named value from a registry key.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_DeleteValue_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *value)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=308550b8cdcfd8e1 input=a78d3407a4197b21]*/
  {
      long rc;
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegDeleteValueW(key, value);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc !=ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegDeleteValue");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.EnumKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      index: int
          An integer that identifies the index of the key to retrieve.
      /
  
  Enumerates subkeys of an open registry key.
  
  The function retrieves the name of one subkey each time it is called.
  It is typically called repeatedly until an OSError exception is
  raised, indicating no more values are available.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_EnumKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, int index)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=58074ffabbc67896 input=fad9a7c00ab0e04b]*/
  {
      long rc;
      PyObject *retStr;
  
      /* The Windows docs claim that the max key name length is 255
       * characters, plus a terminating nul character.  However,
       * empirical testing demonstrates that it is possible to
       * create a 256 character key that is missing the terminating
       * nul.  RegEnumKeyEx requires a 257 character buffer to
       * retrieve such a key name. */
      wchar_t tmpbuf[257];
      DWORD len = sizeof(tmpbuf)/sizeof(wchar_t); /* includes NULL terminator */
  
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegEnumKeyExW(key, index, tmpbuf, &len, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegEnumKeyEx");
  
      retStr = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(tmpbuf, len);
      return retStr;  /* can be NULL */
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.EnumValue
  
      key: HKEY
              An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      index: int
          An integer that identifies the index of the value to retrieve.
      /
  
  Enumerates values of an open registry key.
  
  The function retrieves the name of one subkey each time it is called.
  It is typically called repeatedly, until an OSError exception
  is raised, indicating no more values.
  
  The result is a tuple of 3 items:
    value_name
      A string that identifies the value.
    value_data
      An object that holds the value data, and whose type depends
      on the underlying registry type.
    data_type
      An integer that identifies the type of the value data.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_EnumValue_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, int index)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=4570367ebaf0e979 input=4414f47a6fb238b5]*/
  {
      long rc;
      wchar_t *retValueBuf;
      BYTE *tmpBuf;
      BYTE *retDataBuf;
      DWORD retValueSize, bufValueSize;
      DWORD retDataSize, bufDataSize;
      DWORD typ;
      PyObject *obData;
      PyObject *retVal;
  
      if ((rc = RegQueryInfoKeyW(key, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
                                NULL,
                                &retValueSize, &retDataSize, NULL, NULL))
          != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryInfoKey");
      ++retValueSize;    /* include null terminators */
      ++retDataSize;
      bufDataSize = retDataSize;
      bufValueSize = retValueSize;
      retValueBuf = PyMem_New(wchar_t, retValueSize);
      if (retValueBuf == NULL)
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
      retDataBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_Malloc(retDataSize);
      if (retDataBuf == NULL) {
          PyMem_Free(retValueBuf);
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
      }
  
      while (1) {
          Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
          rc = RegEnumValueW(key,
                    index,
                    retValueBuf,
                    &retValueSize,
                    NULL,
                    &typ,
                    (BYTE *)retDataBuf,
                    &retDataSize);
          Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
  
          if (rc != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
              break;
  
          bufDataSize *= 2;
          tmpBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_Realloc(retDataBuf, bufDataSize);
          if (tmpBuf == NULL) {
              PyErr_NoMemory();
              retVal = NULL;
              goto fail;
          }
          retDataBuf = tmpBuf;
          retDataSize = bufDataSize;
          retValueSize = bufValueSize;
      }
  
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          retVal = PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                       "PyRegEnumValue");
          goto fail;
      }
      obData = Reg2Py(retDataBuf, retDataSize, typ);
      if (obData == NULL) {
          retVal = NULL;
          goto fail;
      }
      retVal = Py_BuildValue("uOi", retValueBuf, obData, typ);
      Py_DECREF(obData);
    fail:
      PyMem_Free(retValueBuf);
      PyMem_Free(retDataBuf);
      return retVal;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.ExpandEnvironmentStrings
  
      string: Py_UNICODE
      /
  
  Expand environment vars.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_ExpandEnvironmentStrings_impl(PyModuleDef *module, Py_UNICODE *string)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=4cb6914065a8663c input=b2a9714d2b751aa6]*/
  {
      wchar_t *retValue = NULL;
      DWORD retValueSize;
      DWORD rc;
      PyObject *o;
  
      retValueSize = ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(string, retValue, 0);
      if (retValueSize == 0) {
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(retValueSize,
                                          "ExpandEnvironmentStrings");
      }
      retValue = PyMem_New(wchar_t, retValueSize);
      if (retValue == NULL) {
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
      }
  
      rc = ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(string, retValue, retValueSize);
      if (rc == 0) {
          PyMem_Free(retValue);
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(retValueSize,
                                          "ExpandEnvironmentStrings");
      }
      o = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(retValue, wcslen(retValue));
      PyMem_Free(retValue);
      return o;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.FlushKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      /
  
  Writes all the attributes of a key to the registry.
  
  It is not necessary to call FlushKey to change a key.  Registry changes
  are flushed to disk by the registry using its lazy flusher.  Registry
  changes are also flushed to disk at system shutdown.  Unlike
  CloseKey(), the FlushKey() method returns only when all the data has
  been written to the registry.
  
  An application should only call FlushKey() if it requires absolute
  certainty that registry changes are on disk.  If you don't know whether
  a FlushKey() call is required, it probably isn't.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_FlushKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=b9a7a6e405466420 input=f57457c12297d82f]*/
  {
      long rc;
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegFlushKey(key);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegFlushKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.LoadKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE
          A string that identifies the sub-key to load.
      file_name: Py_UNICODE
          The name of the file to load registry data from.  This file must
          have been created with the SaveKey() function.  Under the file
          allocation table (FAT) file system, the filename may not have an
          extension.
      /
  
  Insert data into the registry from a file.
  
  Creates a subkey under the specified key and stores registration
  information from a specified file into that subkey.
  
  A call to LoadKey() fails if the calling process does not have the
  SE_RESTORE_PRIVILEGE privilege.
  
  If key is a handle returned by ConnectRegistry(), then the path
  specified in fileName is relative to the remote computer.
  
  The MSDN docs imply key must be in the HKEY_USER or HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
  tree.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_LoadKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                      Py_UNICODE *file_name)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=b8b700e39c695b90 input=e3b5b45ade311582]*/
  {
      long rc;
  
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegLoadKeyW(key, sub_key, file_name );
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegLoadKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.OpenKey -> HKEY
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string that identifies the sub_key to open.
      reserved: int = 0
          A reserved integer that must be zero.  Default is zero.
      access: REGSAM(c_default='KEY_READ') = winreg.KEY_READ
          An integer that specifies an access mask that describes the desired
          security access for the key.  Default is KEY_READ.
  
  Opens the specified key.
  
  The result is a new handle to the specified key.
  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static HKEY
  winreg_OpenKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                      int reserved, REGSAM access)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=79818ea356490a55 input=098505ac36a9ae28]*/
  {
      HKEY retKey;
      long rc;
  
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegOpenKeyExW(key, sub_key, reserved, access, &retKey);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegOpenKeyEx");
          return NULL;
      }
      return retKey;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.OpenKeyEx = winreg.OpenKey
  
  Opens the specified key.
  
  The result is a new handle to the specified key.
  If the function fails, an OSError exception is raised.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static HKEY
  winreg_OpenKeyEx_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                        int reserved, REGSAM access)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=2dd9f29e84ea2dbc input=c6c4972af8622959]*/
  {
      return winreg_OpenKey_impl(module, key, sub_key, reserved, access);
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.QueryInfoKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      /
  
  Returns information about a key.
  
  The result is a tuple of 3 items:
  An integer that identifies the number of sub keys this key has.
  An integer that identifies the number of values this key has.
  An integer that identifies when the key was last modified (if available)
  as 100's of nanoseconds since Jan 1, 1600.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_QueryInfoKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=ae885222fe966a34 input=c3593802390cde1f]*/
  {
    long rc;
    DWORD nSubKeys, nValues;
    FILETIME ft;
    LARGE_INTEGER li;
    PyObject *l;
    PyObject *ret;
  
    if ((rc = RegQueryInfoKey(key, NULL, NULL, 0, &nSubKeys, NULL, NULL,
                              &nValues,  NULL,  NULL, NULL, &ft))
        != ERROR_SUCCESS)
      return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegQueryInfoKey");
    li.LowPart = ft.dwLowDateTime;
    li.HighPart = ft.dwHighDateTime;
    l = PyLong_FromLongLong(li.QuadPart);
    if (l == NULL)
      return NULL;
    ret = Py_BuildValue("iiO", nSubKeys, nValues, l);
    Py_DECREF(l);
    return ret;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.QueryValue
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string that holds the name of the subkey with which the value
          is associated.  If this parameter is None or empty, the function
          retrieves the value set by the SetValue() method for the key
          identified by key.
      /
  
  Retrieves the unnamed value for a key.
  
  Values in the registry have name, type, and data components. This method
  retrieves the data for a key's first value that has a NULL name.
  But since the underlying API call doesn't return the type, you'll
  probably be happier using QueryValueEx; this function is just here for
  completeness.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_QueryValue_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=f91cb6f623c3b65a input=41cafbbf423b21d6]*/
  {
      long rc;
      PyObject *retStr;
      wchar_t *retBuf;
      DWORD bufSize = 0;
      DWORD retSize = 0;
      wchar_t *tmp;
  
      rc = RegQueryValueW(key, sub_key, NULL, &retSize);
      if (rc == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
          retSize = 256;
      else if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryValue");
  
      bufSize = retSize;
      retBuf = (wchar_t *) PyMem_Malloc(bufSize);
      if (retBuf == NULL)
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
  
      while (1) {
          retSize = bufSize;
          rc = RegQueryValueW(key, sub_key, retBuf, &retSize);
          if (rc != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
              break;
  
          bufSize *= 2;
          tmp = (wchar_t *) PyMem_Realloc(retBuf, bufSize);
          if (tmp == NULL) {
              PyMem_Free(retBuf);
              return PyErr_NoMemory();
          }
          retBuf = tmp;
      }
  
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyMem_Free(retBuf);
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryValue");
      }
  
      retStr = PyUnicode_FromWideChar(retBuf, wcslen(retBuf));
      PyMem_Free(retBuf);
      return retStr;
  }
  
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.QueryValueEx
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      name: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string indicating the value to query.
      /
  
  Retrieves the type and value of a specified sub-key.
  
  Behaves mostly like QueryValue(), but also returns the type of the
  specified value name associated with the given open registry key.
  
  The return value is a tuple of the value and the type_id.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_QueryValueEx_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *name)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=a4b07f7807194f23 input=cf366cada4836891]*/
  {
      long rc;
      BYTE *retBuf, *tmp;
      DWORD bufSize = 0, retSize;
      DWORD typ;
      PyObject *obData;
      PyObject *result;
  
      rc = RegQueryValueExW(key, name, NULL, NULL, NULL, &bufSize);
      if (rc == ERROR_MORE_DATA)
          bufSize = 256;
      else if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryValueEx");
      retBuf = (BYTE *)PyMem_Malloc(bufSize);
      if (retBuf == NULL)
          return PyErr_NoMemory();
  
      while (1) {
          retSize = bufSize;
          rc = RegQueryValueExW(key, name, NULL, &typ,
                               (BYTE *)retBuf, &retSize);
          if (rc != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
              break;
  
          bufSize *= 2;
          tmp = (char *) PyMem_Realloc(retBuf, bufSize);
          if (tmp == NULL) {
              PyMem_Free(retBuf);
              return PyErr_NoMemory();
          }
         retBuf = tmp;
      }
  
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
          PyMem_Free(retBuf);
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryValueEx");
      }
      obData = Reg2Py(retBuf, bufSize, typ);
      PyMem_Free(retBuf);
      if (obData == NULL)
          return NULL;
      result = Py_BuildValue("Oi", obData, typ);
      Py_DECREF(obData);
      return result;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.SaveKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      file_name: Py_UNICODE
          The name of the file to save registry data to.  This file cannot
          already exist. If this filename includes an extension, it cannot be
          used on file allocation table (FAT) file systems by the LoadKey(),
          ReplaceKey() or RestoreKey() methods.
      /
  
  Saves the specified key, and all its subkeys to the specified file.
  
  If key represents a key on a remote computer, the path described by
  file_name is relative to the remote computer.
  
  The caller of this method must possess the SeBackupPrivilege
  security privilege.  This function passes NULL for security_attributes
  to the API.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_SaveKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *file_name)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=33109b96bfabef8f input=da735241f91ac7a2]*/
  {
      LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES pSA = NULL;
  
      long rc;
  /*  One day we may get security into the core?
      if (!PyWinObject_AsSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES(obSA, &pSA, TRUE))
          return NULL;
  */
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegSaveKeyW(key, file_name, pSA );
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegSaveKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.SetValue
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      sub_key: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string that names the subkey with which the value is associated.
      type: DWORD
          An integer that specifies the type of the data.  Currently this must
          be REG_SZ, meaning only strings are supported.
      value: Py_UNICODE(zeroes=True)
          A string that specifies the new value.
      /
  
  Associates a value with a specified key.
  
  If the key specified by the sub_key parameter does not exist, the
  SetValue function creates it.
  
  Value lengths are limited by available memory. Long values (more than
  2048 bytes) should be stored as files with the filenames stored in
  the configuration registry to help the registry perform efficiently.
  
  The key identified by the key parameter must have been opened with
  KEY_SET_VALUE access.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_SetValue_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *sub_key,
                       DWORD type, Py_UNICODE *value,
                       Py_ssize_clean_t value_length)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=3c9c7c2769e8f953 input=2cd2adab79339c53]*/
  {
      long rc;
  
      if (type != REG_SZ) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError,
                          "Type must be winreg.REG_SZ");
          return NULL;
      }
  
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegSetValueW(key, sub_key, REG_SZ, value, value_length+1);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc, "RegSetValue");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.SetValueEx
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      value_name: Py_UNICODE(accept={str, NoneType})
          A string containing the name of the value to set, or None.
      reserved: object
          Can be anything - zero is always passed to the API.
      type: DWORD
          An integer that specifies the type of the data, one of:
          REG_BINARY -- Binary data in any form.
          REG_DWORD -- A 32-bit number.
          REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN -- A 32-bit number in little-endian format.
          REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN -- A 32-bit number in big-endian format.
          REG_EXPAND_SZ -- A null-terminated string that contains unexpanded
                           references to environment variables (for example,
                           %PATH%).
          REG_LINK -- A Unicode symbolic link.
          REG_MULTI_SZ -- A sequence of null-terminated strings, terminated
                          by two null characters.  Note that Python handles
                          this termination automatically.
          REG_NONE -- No defined value type.
          REG_RESOURCE_LIST -- A device-driver resource list.
          REG_SZ -- A null-terminated string.
      value: object
          A string that specifies the new value.
      /
  
  Stores data in the value field of an open registry key.
  
  This method can also set additional value and type information for the
  specified key.  The key identified by the key parameter must have been
  opened with KEY_SET_VALUE access.
  
  To open the key, use the CreateKeyEx() or OpenKeyEx() methods.
  
  Value lengths are limited by available memory. Long values (more than
  2048 bytes) should be stored as files with the filenames stored in
  the configuration registry to help the registry perform efficiently.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_SetValueEx_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key, Py_UNICODE *value_name,
                         PyObject *reserved, DWORD type, PyObject *value)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=ea092a935c361582 input=f1b16cbcc3ed4101]*/
  {
      BYTE *data;
      DWORD len;
  
      LONG rc;
  
      if (!Py2Reg(value, type, &data, &len))
      {
          if (!PyErr_Occurred())
              PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError,
                       "Could not convert the data to the specified type.");
          return NULL;
      }
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = RegSetValueExW(key, value_name, 0, type, data, len);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      PyMem_DEL(data);
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegSetValueEx");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.DisableReflectionKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      /
  
  Disables registry reflection for 32bit processes running on a 64bit OS.
  
  Will generally raise NotImplemented if executed on a 32bit OS.
  
  If the key is not on the reflection list, the function succeeds but has
  no effect.  Disabling reflection for a key does not affect reflection
  of any subkeys.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_DisableReflectionKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=50fe6e2604324cdd input=a6c9e5ca5410193c]*/
  {
      HMODULE hMod;
      typedef LONG (WINAPI *RDRKFunc)(HKEY);
      RDRKFunc pfn = NULL;
      LONG rc;
  
      /* Only available on 64bit platforms, so we must load it
         dynamically.*/
      hMod = GetModuleHandleW(L"advapi32.dll");
      if (hMod)
          pfn = (RDRKFunc)GetProcAddress(hMod,
                                         "RegDisableReflectionKey");
      if (!pfn) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
                          "not implemented on this platform");
          return NULL;
      }
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = (*pfn)(key);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegDisableReflectionKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.EnableReflectionKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      /
  
  Restores registry reflection for the specified disabled key.
  
  Will generally raise NotImplemented if executed on a 32bit OS.
  Restoring reflection for a key does not affect reflection of any
  subkeys.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_EnableReflectionKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=e3f23edb414f24a4 input=7748abbacd1e166a]*/
  {
      HMODULE hMod;
      typedef LONG (WINAPI *RERKFunc)(HKEY);
      RERKFunc pfn = NULL;
      LONG rc;
  
      /* Only available on 64bit platforms, so we must load it
         dynamically.*/
      hMod = GetModuleHandleW(L"advapi32.dll");
      if (hMod)
          pfn = (RERKFunc)GetProcAddress(hMod,
                                         "RegEnableReflectionKey");
      if (!pfn) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
                          "not implemented on this platform");
          return NULL;
      }
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = (*pfn)(key);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegEnableReflectionKey");
      Py_RETURN_NONE;
  }
  
  /*[clinic input]
  winreg.QueryReflectionKey
  
      key: HKEY
          An already open key, or any one of the predefined HKEY_* constants.
      /
  
  Returns the reflection state for the specified key as a bool.
  
  Will generally raise NotImplemented if executed on a 32bit OS.
  [clinic start generated code]*/
  
  static PyObject *
  winreg_QueryReflectionKey_impl(PyModuleDef *module, HKEY key)
  /*[clinic end generated code: output=2a49c564ca162e50 input=9f325eacb5a65d88]*/
  {
      HMODULE hMod;
      typedef LONG (WINAPI *RQRKFunc)(HKEY, BOOL *);
      RQRKFunc pfn = NULL;
      BOOL result;
      LONG rc;
  
      /* Only available on 64bit platforms, so we must load it
         dynamically.*/
      hMod = GetModuleHandleW(L"advapi32.dll");
      if (hMod)
          pfn = (RQRKFunc)GetProcAddress(hMod,
                                         "RegQueryReflectionKey");
      if (!pfn) {
          PyErr_SetString(PyExc_NotImplementedError,
                          "not implemented on this platform");
          return NULL;
      }
      Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
      rc = (*pfn)(key, &result);
      Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
      if (rc != ERROR_SUCCESS)
          return PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFunction(rc,
                                                     "RegQueryReflectionKey");
      return PyBool_FromLong(result);
  }
  
  static struct PyMethodDef winreg_methods[] = {
      WINREG_CLOSEKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_CONNECTREGISTRY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_CREATEKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_CREATEKEYEX_METHODDEF
      WINREG_DELETEKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_DELETEKEYEX_METHODDEF
      WINREG_DELETEVALUE_METHODDEF
      WINREG_DISABLEREFLECTIONKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_ENABLEREFLECTIONKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_ENUMKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_ENUMVALUE_METHODDEF
      WINREG_EXPANDENVIRONMENTSTRINGS_METHODDEF
      WINREG_FLUSHKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_LOADKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_OPENKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_OPENKEYEX_METHODDEF
      WINREG_QUERYVALUE_METHODDEF
      WINREG_QUERYVALUEEX_METHODDEF
      WINREG_QUERYINFOKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_QUERYREFLECTIONKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_SAVEKEY_METHODDEF
      WINREG_SETVALUE_METHODDEF
      WINREG_SETVALUEEX_METHODDEF
      NULL,
  };
  
  static void
  insint(PyObject * d, char * name, long value)
  {
      PyObject *v = PyLong_FromLong(value);
      if (!v || PyDict_SetItemString(d, name, v))
          PyErr_Clear();
      Py_XDECREF(v);
  }
  
  #define ADD_INT(val) insint(d, #val, val)
  
  static void
  inskey(PyObject * d, char * name, HKEY key)
  {
      PyObject *v = PyLong_FromVoidPtr(key);
      if (!v || PyDict_SetItemString(d, name, v))
          PyErr_Clear();
      Py_XDECREF(v);
  }
  
  #define ADD_KEY(val) inskey(d, #val, val)
  
  
  static struct PyModuleDef winregmodule = {
      PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
      "winreg",
      module_doc,
      -1,
      winreg_methods,
      NULL,
      NULL,
      NULL,
      NULL
  };
  
  PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_winreg(void)
  {
      PyObject *m, *d;
      m = PyModule_Create(&winregmodule);
      if (m == NULL)
          return NULL;
      d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
      PyHKEY_Type.tp_doc = PyHKEY_doc;
      if (PyType_Ready(&PyHKEY_Type) < 0)
          return NULL;
      Py_INCREF(&PyHKEY_Type);
      if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "HKEYType",
                               (PyObject *)&PyHKEY_Type) != 0)
          return NULL;
      Py_INCREF(PyExc_OSError);
      if (PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error",
                               PyExc_OSError) != 0)
          return NULL;
  
      /* Add the relevant constants */
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT);
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_CURRENT_USER);
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE);
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_USERS);
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_PERFORMANCE_DATA);
  #ifdef HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG);
  #endif
  #ifdef HKEY_DYN_DATA
      ADD_KEY(HKEY_DYN_DATA);
  #endif
      ADD_INT(KEY_QUERY_VALUE);
      ADD_INT(KEY_SET_VALUE);
      ADD_INT(KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY);
      ADD_INT(KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS);
      ADD_INT(KEY_NOTIFY);
      ADD_INT(KEY_CREATE_LINK);
      ADD_INT(KEY_READ);
      ADD_INT(KEY_WRITE);
      ADD_INT(KEY_EXECUTE);
      ADD_INT(KEY_ALL_ACCESS);
  #ifdef KEY_WOW64_64KEY
      ADD_INT(KEY_WOW64_64KEY);
  #endif
  #ifdef KEY_WOW64_32KEY
      ADD_INT(KEY_WOW64_32KEY);
  #endif
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_RESERVED);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_VOLATILE);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_CREATE_LINK);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_BACKUP_RESTORE);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPTION_OPEN_LINK);
      ADD_INT(REG_LEGAL_OPTION);
      ADD_INT(REG_CREATED_NEW_KEY);
      ADD_INT(REG_OPENED_EXISTING_KEY);
      ADD_INT(REG_WHOLE_HIVE_VOLATILE);
      ADD_INT(REG_REFRESH_HIVE);
      ADD_INT(REG_NO_LAZY_FLUSH);
      ADD_INT(REG_NOTIFY_CHANGE_NAME);
      ADD_INT(REG_NOTIFY_CHANGE_ATTRIBUTES);
      ADD_INT(REG_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_SET);
      ADD_INT(REG_NOTIFY_CHANGE_SECURITY);
      ADD_INT(REG_LEGAL_CHANGE_FILTER);
      ADD_INT(REG_NONE);
      ADD_INT(REG_SZ);
      ADD_INT(REG_EXPAND_SZ);
      ADD_INT(REG_BINARY);
      ADD_INT(REG_DWORD);
      ADD_INT(REG_DWORD_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
      ADD_INT(REG_DWORD_BIG_ENDIAN);
      ADD_INT(REG_LINK);
      ADD_INT(REG_MULTI_SZ);
      ADD_INT(REG_RESOURCE_LIST);
      ADD_INT(REG_FULL_RESOURCE_DESCRIPTOR);
      ADD_INT(REG_RESOURCE_REQUIREMENTS_LIST);
      return m;
  }
  
  
  