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  /* ===================================================================== */
  /*
  @ORIGINAL_AUTHOR: Elena Demikhovsky
  */
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  /*! @file
  */
  
  #include "pin.H"
  namespace WND
  {
  #include <windows.h>
  }
  #include <iostream>
  #include <fstream>
  #include <string>
  
  using namespace std;
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  /* Global Variables */
  /* ===================================================================== */
  
  ofstream TraceFile;
  
  typedef WND::BOOL (WINAPI * CREATE_PROCESSA_FUNC)(WND::LPCTSTR ,
                     WND::LPTSTR ,
                     WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                     WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                     WND::BOOL ,
                     WND::DWORD ,
                     WND::LPVOID ,
                     WND::LPCTSTR ,
                     WND::LPSTARTUPINFOA ,
                     WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION 
                     );
  
  typedef WND::BOOL (WINAPI * CREATE_PROCESSW_FUNC)(WND::LPCWSTR ,
                                                    WND::LPWSTR ,
                                                    WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                                    WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                                    WND::BOOL ,
                                                    WND::DWORD ,
                                                    WND::LPVOID ,
                                                    WND::LPCWSTR ,
                                                    WND::LPSTARTUPINFOW ,
                                                    WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION 
                                                    );
  
  typedef WND::BOOL (WINAPI *CREATE_PROCESS_AS_USERA_FUNC)(WND::HANDLE,
                                      WND::LPCTSTR ,
                                      WND::LPTSTR ,
                                      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                      WND::BOOL ,
                                      WND::DWORD ,
                                      WND::LPVOID ,
                                      WND::LPCTSTR ,
                                      WND::LPSTARTUPINFOA ,
                                      WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION 
                                      );
  
  typedef WND::BOOL (WINAPI *CREATE_PROCESS_AS_USERW_FUNC)(WND::HANDLE,
                                       WND::LPCWSTR ,
                                       WND::LPWSTR ,
                                       WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                       WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES ,
                                       WND::BOOL ,
                                       WND::DWORD ,
                                       WND::LPVOID ,
                                       WND::LPCWSTR ,
                                       WND::LPSTARTUPINFOW ,
                                       WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION 
                                       );
  /*
   * A data about function replacement: 
   *   - name
   *   - pointer to original function
   *   - pointer to a wrapper
   */
  struct FUNC_REPLACE
  {
      FUNC_REPLACE(const string& name, VOID* origF, VOID* wrapper)
          :_funcName(name), _orgFuncPtr(origF), _funcWrapper(wrapper) {}
      FUNC_REPLACE() {}
      string _funcName;
      VOID * _orgFuncPtr;
      VOID * _funcWrapper;
  };
  
  enum FUNC_IDX
  {
      FUNC_CreateProcessA,
      FUNC_CreateProcessW,
      FUNC_CreateProcessAsUserA,
      FUNC_CreateProcessAsUserW,
      FUNC_Last
  };
  
  class FUNC_REPLACE_CONTAINER
  {
    public:
      VOID *      OriginalPtr(FUNC_IDX idx) { return _array[idx]._orgFuncPtr; }
      VOID *      Wrapper(FUNC_IDX idx)    { return _array[idx]._funcWrapper; }
      string      Name(FUNC_IDX idx)       { return _array[idx]._funcName; }
      VOID        SetOriginalPtr(FUNC_IDX idx, VOID* fptr) {_array[idx]._orgFuncPtr = fptr; }
      UINT32      Size() { return FUNC_Last; }
  
      FUNC_REPLACE_CONTAINER();
  
    private:
      FUNC_REPLACE _array[FUNC_Last];
  };
  
  
  
  FUNC_REPLACE_CONTAINER funcList;
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  /* Commandline Switches */
  /* ===================================================================== */
  
  KNOB<string> KnobOutputFile(KNOB_MODE_WRITEONCE, "pintool",
                              "o", "probe_on_probe2.outfile", "specify file name");
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  
  INT32 Usage()
  {
      cerr <<
          "This pin tool tests probe replacement.\n"
          "\n";
      cerr << KNOB_BASE::StringKnobSummary();
      cerr << endl;
      return -1;
  }
  /*
   * A test wrapper for CreateProcessA()
   */
  WND::BOOL WINAPI WrapCreateProcessA(WND::LPCTSTR lpApplicationName, 
                        WND::LPTSTR lpCommandLine, 
                        WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes, 
                        WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, 
                        WND::BOOL bInheritHandles,
                        WND::DWORD dwCreationFlags, 
                        WND::LPVOID lpEnvironment, 
                        WND::LPCTSTR lpCurrentDirectory, 
                        WND::LPSTARTUPINFOA lpStartupInfo, 
                        WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation) 
  { 
      TraceFile << "WrapCreateProcessA before" << endl;
      VOID* fptr = funcList.OriginalPtr(FUNC_CreateProcessA);
      BOOL ret = (*((CREATE_PROCESSA_FUNC)fptr))(lpApplicationName, lpCommandLine, lpProcessAttributes,
          lpThreadAttributes, bInheritHandles, dwCreationFlags,
          lpEnvironment, lpCurrentDirectory, lpStartupInfo, lpProcessInformation);
      TraceFile << "WrapCreateProcessA after " << endl;
      return ret;
  }
  
  /*
   * A test wrapper for CreateProcessW()
   */
  WND::BOOL WINAPI WrapCreateProcessW(WND::LPCWSTR lpApplicationName, 
                      WND::LPWSTR lpCommandLine, 
                      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes, 
                      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, 
                      WND::BOOL bInheritHandles,
                      WND::DWORD dwCreationFlags, 
                      WND::LPVOID lpEnvironment, 
                      WND::LPCWSTR lpCurrentDirectory, 
                      WND::LPSTARTUPINFOW lpStartupInfo, 
                      WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation) 
  { 
      TraceFile << "WrapCreateProcessW before" << endl; 
      CREATE_PROCESSW_FUNC fptr = (CREATE_PROCESSW_FUNC)funcList.OriginalPtr(FUNC_CreateProcessW);
      BOOL ret = (*fptr)(lpApplicationName, lpCommandLine, lpProcessAttributes,
          lpThreadAttributes, bInheritHandles, dwCreationFlags,
          lpEnvironment, lpCurrentDirectory, lpStartupInfo, lpProcessInformation);
      TraceFile << "WrapCreateProcessW after " << endl;
      return ret;
  }
  
  /*
   * A test wrapper for WrapCreateProcessAsUserA()
   */
  
  WND::BOOL WINAPI WrapCreateProcessAsUserA(WND::HANDLE hToken,
      WND::LPCTSTR lpApplicationName,
      WND::LPTSTR lpCommandLine,
      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes, 
      WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, 
      WND::BOOL bInheritHandles, 
      WND::DWORD dwCreationFlags, 
      WND::LPVOID lpEnvironment, 
      WND::LPCTSTR lpCurrentDirectory, 
      WND::LPSTARTUPINFOA lpStartupInfo, 
      WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation) 
  { 
      TraceFile << "CreateProcessAsUserA before" << endl; 
      BOOL ret = (*(CREATE_PROCESS_AS_USERA_FUNC)funcList.OriginalPtr(FUNC_CreateProcessAsUserA))(hToken, lpApplicationName, 
                  lpCommandLine, lpProcessAttributes,
                  lpThreadAttributes, bInheritHandles, dwCreationFlags,
                  lpEnvironment, lpCurrentDirectory, lpStartupInfo, lpProcessInformation);
      TraceFile << "CreateProcessAsUserA after " << endl;
      return ret;
  }
  
  /*
   * A test wrapper for WrapCreateProcessAsUserW()
   */
  WND::BOOL WINAPI WrapCreateProcessAsUserW(WND::HANDLE hToken,
                            WND::LPCWSTR lpApplicationName,
                            WND::LPWSTR lpCommandLine,
                            WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpProcessAttributes, 
                            WND::LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpThreadAttributes, 
                            WND::BOOL bInheritHandles, 
                            WND::DWORD dwCreationFlags, 
                            WND::LPVOID lpEnvironment, 
                            WND::LPCWSTR lpCurrentDirectory, 
                            WND::LPSTARTUPINFOW lpStartupInfo, 
                            WND::LPPROCESS_INFORMATION lpProcessInformation) 
  { 
      TraceFile << "CreateProcessAsUserW before" << endl; 
      BOOL ret = (*(CREATE_PROCESS_AS_USERW_FUNC)funcList.OriginalPtr(FUNC_CreateProcessAsUserW))(hToken, lpApplicationName, 
          lpCommandLine, lpProcessAttributes,
          lpThreadAttributes, bInheritHandles, dwCreationFlags,
          lpEnvironment, lpCurrentDirectory, lpStartupInfo, lpProcessInformation);
      TraceFile << "CreateProcessAsUserW after " << endl;
      return ret;
  }
  
  
  FUNC_REPLACE_CONTAINER::FUNC_REPLACE_CONTAINER()
  {
  #define INIT_FENTRY(F) _array[FUNC_##F] = FUNC_REPLACE(string(#F) , \
      (VOID*)0, (VOID*)Wrap##F)
      INIT_FENTRY(CreateProcessA);
      INIT_FENTRY(CreateProcessW);
      INIT_FENTRY(CreateProcessAsUserA);
      INIT_FENTRY(CreateProcessAsUserW);
  }
  
  /* Find a routine that should be replaced and 
   * check whether the probed replacement is possible
   */
  BOOL FindAndCheckRtn(IMG img, string rtnName, RTN& rtn)
  {
      rtn = RTN_FindByName(img, rtnName.c_str());
      if (!RTN_Valid(rtn))
          rtn = RTN_FindByName(img, (string("_")+ rtnName).c_str());
  
      if (RTN_Valid(rtn))
      {
          if ( ! RTN_IsSafeForProbedReplacement( rtn ) )
          {
              TraceFile << "Cannot replace " << RTN_Name(rtn) << " in " << IMG_Name(img) << endl;
              exit(1);
          }
          return TRUE;
      }
      return FALSE;
  }
  
  BOOL ReplaceProbed(IMG img, FUNC_IDX idx)
  {
      RTN rtn;
      if (!FindAndCheckRtn(img, funcList.Name(idx), rtn))
          return FALSE;
  
      VOID* orgPtr = (VOID*)RTN_ReplaceProbed( rtn, AFUNPTR(funcList.Wrapper(idx)));
      funcList.SetOriginalPtr(idx, orgPtr);
  
      // TraceFile << "Inserted probe for " << funcList.Name(idx) << endl;
      return TRUE;
  }
  
  /*
   * Return TRUE if baseName matches tail of imageName. Comparison is case-insensitive.
   * @param[in]  imageName  image file name in either form with extension
   * @param[in]  baseName   image base name with extension (e.g. kernel32.dll)
   */
  static BOOL CmpBaseImageName(const string & imageName, const string & baseName)
  {
      if (imageName.size() >= baseName.size())
      {
          return _stricmp(imageName.c_str() + imageName.size() - baseName.size(), baseName.c_str()) == 0;
      }
      return FALSE;
  }
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  // Called every time a new image is loaded
  // Look for routines that we want to probe
  VOID ImageLoad(IMG img, VOID *v)
  {
      // Skip all images, but kernel32.dll
      if (!CmpBaseImageName(IMG_Name(img), "kernel32.dll"))
      {
          return;
      }
  
      for (UINT32 i=0; i< funcList.Size(); i++)
      {
          ReplaceProbed(img, (FUNC_IDX)i);
      }
  }
  
  /* Ensure that Pin wrapper still works */
  BOOL FollowChild(CHILD_PROCESS childProcess, VOID * userData)
  {
      INT appArgc;
      CHAR const * const * appArgv;
  
      CHILD_PROCESS_GetCommandLine(childProcess, &appArgc, &appArgv);
      TraceFile << "Command line : " << endl; 
      for (int i=0; i< appArgc; i++)
      {
          TraceFile << appArgv[i] << " ";
      }
      TraceFile << endl;
      TraceFile << "Pin Wrapper works" << endl;
      return FALSE;
  }
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  
  int main(int argc, CHAR *argv[])
  {
      PIN_InitSymbols();
  
      if( PIN_Init(argc,argv) )
      {
          return Usage();
      }
  
      TraceFile.open(KnobOutputFile.Value().c_str());
      TraceFile << hex;
      TraceFile.setf(ios::showbase);
  
      IMG_AddInstrumentFunction(ImageLoad, 0);
  
      PIN_AddFollowChildProcessFunction(FollowChild, 0);
  
      PIN_StartProgramProbed();
  
      return 0;
  }
  
  /* ===================================================================== */
  /* eof */
  /* ===================================================================== */
  