text: /*
   * Option encoding routines for CUPS.
   *
   * Copyright 2007-2017 by Apple Inc.
   * Copyright 1997-2007 by Easy Software Products.
   *
   * Licensed under Apache License v2.0.  See the file "LICENSE" for more information.
   */
  
  /*
   * Include necessary headers...
   */
  
  #include "cups-private.h"
  
  
  /*
   * Local list of option names, the value tags they should use, and the list of
   * supported operations...
   *
   * **** THIS LIST MUST BE SORTED BY ATTRIBUTE NAME ****
   */
  
  static const ipp_op_t ipp_job_creation[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB,
    IPP_OP_PRINT_URI,
    IPP_OP_VALIDATE_JOB,
    IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB,
    IPP_OP_HOLD_JOB,
    IPP_OP_SET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t ipp_doc_creation[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB,
    IPP_OP_PRINT_URI,
    IPP_OP_SEND_DOCUMENT,
    IPP_OP_SEND_URI,
    IPP_OP_SET_JOB_ATTRIBUTES,
    IPP_OP_SET_DOCUMENT_ATTRIBUTES,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t ipp_sub_creation[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB,
    IPP_OP_PRINT_URI,
    IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB,
    IPP_OP_CREATE_PRINTER_SUBSCRIPTIONS,
    IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB_SUBSCRIPTIONS,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t ipp_all_print[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB,
    IPP_OP_PRINT_URI,
    IPP_OP_VALIDATE_JOB,
    IPP_OP_CREATE_JOB,
    IPP_OP_SEND_DOCUMENT,
    IPP_OP_SEND_URI,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t ipp_set_printer[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_SET_PRINTER_ATTRIBUTES,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_ADD_MODIFY_PRINTER,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_ADD_MODIFY_CLASS,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t cups_schemes[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_DEVICES,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PPDS,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t cups_get_ppds[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PPDS,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const ipp_op_t cups_ppd_name[] =
  {
    IPP_OP_CUPS_ADD_MODIFY_PRINTER,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_GET_PPD,
    IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE
  };
  
  static const _ipp_option_t ipp_options[] =
  {
    { 1, "auth-info",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 1, "auth-info-default",	IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "auth-info-required",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "blackplot",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "blackplot-default",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "brightness",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "brightness-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "columns",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "columns-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "compression",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							ipp_doc_creation },
    { 0, "copies",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "copies-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "date-time-at-completed",IPP_TAG_DATE,		IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "date-time-at-creation",	IPP_TAG_DATE,		IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "date-time-at-processing",IPP_TAG_DATE,		IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "device-uri",		IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "document-copies",	IPP_TAG_RANGE,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT,
  							ipp_doc_creation },
    { 0, "document-format",	IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							ipp_doc_creation },
    { 0, "document-format-default", IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "document-numbers",	IPP_TAG_RANGE,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT,
  							ipp_all_print },
    { 1, "exclude-schemes",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_schemes },
    { 1, "finishings",		IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 1, "finishings-default",	IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "fit-to-page",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "fit-to-page-default",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "fitplot",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "fitplot-default",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "gamma",			IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "gamma-default",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "hue",			IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "hue-default",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "include-schemes",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_schemes },
    { 0, "job-account-id",        IPP_TAG_NAME,           IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "job-account-id-default",IPP_TAG_NAME,           IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-accounting-user-id", IPP_TAG_NAME,          IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "job-accounting-user-id-default", IPP_TAG_NAME,  IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-authorization-uri",	IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 0, "job-cancel-after",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "job-cancel-after-default", IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-hold-until",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "job-id",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-impressions",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 0, "job-impressions-completed", IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-k-limit",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-k-octets",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 0, "job-k-octets-completed",IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-media-sheets",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 0, "job-media-sheets-completed", IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-page-limit",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-pages",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 0, "job-pages-completed",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-password",          IPP_TAG_STRING,         IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							ipp_job_creation },
    { 0, "job-password-encryption", IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,      IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							ipp_job_creation },
    { 0, "job-priority",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "job-quota-period",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "job-sheets",		IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 1, "job-sheets-default",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "job-state",		IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-state-message",	IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-state-reasons",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "job-uuid",		IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "landscape",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 1, "marker-change-time",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-colors",		IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-high-levels",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-levels",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-low-levels",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "marker-message",	IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-names",		IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "marker-types",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "media",			IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-bottom-margin",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-col",		IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION, IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-col-default",	IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION, IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "media-color",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 1, "media-default",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "media-key",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-left-margin",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-right-margin",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-size",		IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION, IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-size-name",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-source",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-top-margin",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "media-type",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "mirror",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "mirror-default",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "natural-scaling",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "natural-scaling-default", IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "notify-charset",	IPP_TAG_CHARSET,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 1, "notify-events",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 1, "notify-events-default",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "notify-lease-duration",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "notify-lease-duration-default", IPP_TAG_INTEGER, IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "notify-natural-language", IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "notify-pull-method",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "notify-recipient-uri",	IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "notify-time-interval",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "notify-user-data",	IPP_TAG_STRING,		IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION },
    { 0, "number-up",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "number-up-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "orientation-requested",	IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "orientation-requested-default", IPP_TAG_ENUM,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "overrides",		IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION, IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "page-bottom",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "page-bottom-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "page-left",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "page-left-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "page-ranges",		IPP_TAG_RANGE,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 1, "page-ranges-default",	IPP_TAG_RANGE,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "page-right",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "page-right-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "page-top",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "page-top-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "pages",			IPP_TAG_RANGE,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "penwidth",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "penwidth-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "port-monitor",		IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "ppd-device-id",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-make",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-make-and-model",	IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-model-number",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-name",		IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_ppd_name },
    { 0, "ppd-natural-language",	IPP_TAG_LANGUAGE,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-product",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-psversion",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppd-type",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION,
  							IPP_TAG_ZERO,
  							cups_get_ppds },
    { 0, "ppi",			IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "ppi-default",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "prettyprint",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "prettyprint-default",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "print-quality",		IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "print-quality-default",	IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "printer-commands",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-error-policy",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-geo-location",	IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-info",		IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-is-accepting-jobs", IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-is-shared",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-is-temporary",	IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-location",	IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-make-and-model", IPP_TAG_TEXT,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-more-info",	IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-op-policy",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-resolution",	IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "printer-state",		IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-state-change-time", IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "printer-state-reasons",	IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-type",		IPP_TAG_ENUM,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "printer-uri",		IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 1, "printer-uri-supported",	IPP_TAG_URI,		IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "queued-job-count",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "raw",			IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE,	IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 1, "requested-attributes",	IPP_TAG_NAME,		IPP_TAG_OPERATION },
    { 1, "requesting-user-name-allowed", IPP_TAG_NAME,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 1, "requesting-user-name-denied", IPP_TAG_NAME,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "resolution",		IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "resolution-default",	IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "saturation",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "saturation-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "scaling",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "scaling-default",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "sides",			IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "sides-default",		IPP_TAG_KEYWORD,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "time-at-completed",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "time-at-creation",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "time-at-processing",	IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_ZERO }, /* never send as option */
    { 0, "wrap",			IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_JOB },
    { 0, "wrap-default",		IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN,	IPP_TAG_PRINTER },
    { 0, "x-dimension",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT },
    { 0, "y-dimension",		IPP_TAG_INTEGER,	IPP_TAG_JOB,
  							IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT }
  };
  
  
  /*
   * Local functions...
   */
  
  static int	compare_ipp_options(_ipp_option_t *a, _ipp_option_t *b);
  
  
  /*
   * '_cupsEncodeOption()' - Encode a single option as an IPP attribute.
   */
  
  void
  _cupsEncodeOption(
      ipp_t         *ipp,			/* I - IPP request/response/collection */
      ipp_tag_t     group_tag,		/* I - Group tag */
      _ipp_option_t *map,			/* I - Option mapping, if any */
      const char    *name,		/* I - Attribute name */
      const char    *value)		/* I - Value */
  {
    int			i,		/* Looping var */
  			count;		/* Number of values */
    char			*s,		/* Pointer into option value */
  			*val,		/* Pointer to option value */
  			*copy,		/* Copy of option value */
  			*sep,		/* Option separator */
  			quote;		/* Quote character */
    ipp_attribute_t	*attr;		/* IPP attribute */
    ipp_tag_t		value_tag;	/* IPP value tag */
    ipp_t			*collection;	/* Collection value */
    int			num_cols;	/* Number of collection values */
    cups_option_t		*cols;		/* Collection values */
  
  
    DEBUG_printf(("_cupsEncodeOption(ipp=%p(%s), group=%s, map=%p, name=\"%s\", value=\"%s\")", (void *)ipp, ipp ? ippOpString(ippGetOperation(ipp)) : "", ippTagString(group_tag), (void *)map, name, value));
  
   /*
    * Figure out the attribute syntax for encoding...
    */
  
    if (!map)
      map = _ippFindOption(name);
  
    if (map)
      value_tag = map->value_tag;
    else if (!_cups_strcasecmp(value, "true") || !_cups_strcasecmp(value, "false"))
      value_tag = IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN;
    else if (value[0] == '{')
      value_tag = IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION;
    else
      value_tag = IPP_TAG_NAME;
  
   /*
    * Count the number of values...
    */
  
    if (map && map->multivalue)
    {
      for (count = 1, sep = (char *)value, quote = 0; *sep; sep ++)
      {
        if (*sep == quote)
  	quote = 0;
        else if (!quote && (*sep == '\'' || *sep == '\"'))
        {
         /*
  	* Skip quoted option value...
  	*/
  
  	quote = *sep;
        }
        else if (*sep == ',' && !quote)
  	count ++;
        else if (*sep == '\\' && sep[1])
  	sep ++;
      }
    }
    else
      count = 1;
  
    DEBUG_printf(("2_cupsEncodeOption: value_tag=%s, count=%d", ippTagString(value_tag), count));
  
   /*
    * Allocate memory for the attribute values...
    */
  
    if ((attr = ippAddStrings(ipp, group_tag, value_tag, name, count, NULL, NULL)) == NULL)
    {
     /*
      * Ran out of memory!
      */
  
      DEBUG_puts("1_cupsEncodeOption: Ran out of memory for attributes.");
      return;
    }
  
    if (count > 1)
    {
     /*
      * Make a copy of the value we can fiddle with...
      */
  
      if ((copy = strdup(value)) == NULL)
      {
       /*
        * Ran out of memory!
        */
  
        DEBUG_puts("1_cupsEncodeOption: Ran out of memory for value copy.");
        ippDeleteAttribute(ipp, attr);
        return;
      }
  
      val = copy;
    }
    else
    {
     /*
      * Since we have a single value, use the value directly...
      */
  
      val  = (char *)value;
      copy = NULL;
    }
  
   /*
    * Scan the value string for values...
    */
  
    for (i = 0, sep = val; i < count; val = sep, i ++)
    {
     /*
      * Find the end of this value and mark it if needed...
      */
  
      if (count > 1)
      {
        for (quote = 0; *sep; sep ++)
        {
  	if (*sep == quote)
  	{
  	 /*
  	  * Finish quoted value...
  	  */
  
  	  quote = 0;
  	}
  	else if (!quote && (*sep == '\'' || *sep == '\"'))
  	{
  	 /*
  	  * Handle quoted option value...
  	  */
  
  	  quote = *sep;
  	}
  	else if (*sep == ',' && count > 1)
  	  break;
  	else if (*sep == '\\' && sep[1])
  	{
  	 /*
  	  * Skip quoted character...
  	  */
  
  	  memmove(sep, sep + 1, strlen(sep));
  	}
        }
  
        if (*sep == ',')
  	*sep++ = '\0';
      }
  
     /*
      * Copy the option value(s) over as needed by the type...
      */
  
      switch (attr->value_tag)
      {
        case IPP_TAG_INTEGER :
        case IPP_TAG_ENUM :
  	 /*
  	  * Integer/enumeration value...
  	  */
  
  	  ippSetInteger(ipp, &attr, i, (int)strtol(val, &s, 10));
  	  break;
  
        case IPP_TAG_BOOLEAN :
  	  if (!_cups_strcasecmp(val, "true") || !_cups_strcasecmp(val, "on") || !_cups_strcasecmp(val, "yes"))
  	  {
  	   /*
  	    * Boolean value - true...
  	    */
  
              ippSetBoolean(ipp, &attr, i, 1);
  	  }
  	  else
  	  {
  	   /*
  	    * Boolean value - false...
  	    */
  
              ippSetBoolean(ipp, &attr, i, 0);
  	  }
  	  break;
  
        case IPP_TAG_RANGE :
            {
  	   /*
  	    * Range...
  	    */
  
  	    int lower, upper;		/* Lower and upper ranges... */
  
  	    if (*val == '-')
  	    {
  	      lower = 1;
  	      s     = val;
  	    }
  	    else
  	      lower = (int)strtol(val, &s, 10);
  
  	    if (*s == '-')
  	    {
  	      if (s[1])
  		upper = (int)strtol(s + 1, NULL, 10);
  	      else
  		upper = 2147483647;
  	    }
  	    else
  	      upper = lower;
  
              ippSetRange(ipp, &attr, i, lower, upper);
  	  }
  	  break;
  
        case IPP_TAG_RESOLUTION :
            {
  	   /*
  	    * Resolution...
  	    */
  	    int		xres, yres;	/* Resolution values */
  	    ipp_res_t	units;		/* Resolution units */
  
  	    xres = (int)strtol(val, &s, 10);
  
  	    if (*s == 'x')
  	      yres = (int)strtol(s + 1, &s, 10);
  	    else
  	      yres = xres;
  
  	    if (!_cups_strcasecmp(s, "dpc") || !_cups_strcasecmp(s, "dpcm"))
  	      units = IPP_RES_PER_CM;
  	    else
  	      units = IPP_RES_PER_INCH;
  
  	    ippSetResolution(ipp, &attr, i, units, xres, yres);
            }
  	  break;
  
        case IPP_TAG_STRING :
  	 /*
  	  * octetString
  	  */
  
            ippSetOctetString(ipp, &attr, i, val, (int)strlen(val));
  	  break;
  
        case IPP_TAG_BEGIN_COLLECTION :
  	 /*
  	  * Collection value
  	  */
  
  	  num_cols = cupsParseOptions(val, 0, &cols);
  	  if ((collection = ippNew()) == NULL)
  	  {
  	    cupsFreeOptions(num_cols, cols);
  
  	    if (copy)
  	      free(copy);
  
  	    ippDeleteAttribute(ipp, attr);
  	    return;
  	  }
  
  	  ippSetCollection(ipp, &attr, i, collection);
  	  cupsEncodeOptions2(collection, num_cols, cols, IPP_TAG_JOB);
  	  cupsFreeOptions(num_cols, cols);
  	  break;
  
        default :
  	  ippSetString(ipp, &attr, i, val);
  	  break;
      }
    }
  
    if (copy)
      free(copy);
  }
  
  
  /*
   * 'cupsEncodeOptions()' - Encode printer options into IPP attributes.
   *
   * This function adds operation, job, and then subscription attributes,
   * in that order. Use the @link cupsEncodeOptions2@ function to add attributes
   * for a single group.
   */
  
  void
  cupsEncodeOptions(ipp_t         *ipp,		/* I - Request to add to */
          	  int           num_options,	/* I - Number of options */
  		  cups_option_t *options)	/* I - Options */
  {
    DEBUG_printf(("cupsEncodeOptions(%p, %d, %p)", (void *)ipp, num_options, (void *)options));
  
   /*
    * Add the options in the proper groups & order...
    */
  
    cupsEncodeOptions2(ipp, num_options, options, IPP_TAG_OPERATION);
    cupsEncodeOptions2(ipp, num_options, options, IPP_TAG_JOB);
    cupsEncodeOptions2(ipp, num_options, options, IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION);
  }
  
  
  /*
   * 'cupsEncodeOptions2()' - Encode printer options into IPP attributes for a group.
   *
   * This function only adds attributes for a single group. Call this
   * function multiple times for each group, or use @link cupsEncodeOptions@
   * to add the standard groups.
   *
   * @since CUPS 1.2/macOS 10.5@
   */
  
  void
  cupsEncodeOptions2(
      ipp_t         *ipp,			/* I - Request to add to */
      int           num_options,		/* I - Number of options */
      cups_option_t *options,		/* I - Options */
      ipp_tag_t     group_tag)		/* I - Group to encode */
  {
    int			i;		/* Looping var */
    char			*val;		/* Pointer to option value */
    cups_option_t		*option;	/* Current option */
    ipp_op_t		op;		/* Operation for this request */
    const ipp_op_t	*ops;		/* List of allowed operations */
  
  
    DEBUG_printf(("cupsEncodeOptions2(ipp=%p(%s), num_options=%d, options=%p, group_tag=%x)", (void *)ipp, ipp ? ippOpString(ippGetOperation(ipp)) : "", num_options, (void *)options, group_tag));
  
   /*
    * Range check input...
    */
  
    if (!ipp || num_options < 1 || !options)
      return;
  
   /*
    * Do special handling for the document-format/raw options...
    */
  
    op = ippGetOperation(ipp);
  
    if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_OPERATION && (op == IPP_OP_PRINT_JOB || op == IPP_OP_PRINT_URI ||  op == IPP_OP_SEND_DOCUMENT || op == IPP_OP_SEND_URI))
    {
     /*
      * Handle the document format stuff first...
      */
  
      if ((val = (char *)cupsGetOption("document-format", num_options, options)) != NULL)
        ippAddString(ipp, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE, "document-format", NULL, val);
      else if (cupsGetOption("raw", num_options, options))
        ippAddString(ipp, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE, "document-format", NULL, "application/vnd.cups-raw");
      else
        ippAddString(ipp, IPP_TAG_OPERATION, IPP_TAG_MIMETYPE, "document-format", NULL, "application/octet-stream");
    }
  
   /*
    * Then loop through the options...
    */
  
    for (i = num_options, option = options; i > 0; i --, option ++)
    {
      _ipp_option_t	*match;		/* Matching attribute */
  
     /*
      * Skip document format options that are handled above...
      */
  
      if (!_cups_strcasecmp(option->name, "raw") || !_cups_strcasecmp(option->name, "document-format") || !option->name[0])
        continue;
  
     /*
      * Figure out the proper value and group tags for this option...
      */
  
      if ((match = _ippFindOption(option->name)) != NULL)
      {
        if (match->group_tag != group_tag && match->alt_group_tag != group_tag)
          continue;
  
        if (match->operations)
          ops = match->operations;
        else if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_JOB)
          ops = ipp_job_creation;
        else if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT)
          ops = ipp_doc_creation;
        else if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_SUBSCRIPTION)
          ops = ipp_sub_creation;
        else if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_PRINTER)
          ops = ipp_set_printer;
        else
        {
  	DEBUG_printf(("2cupsEncodeOptions2: Skipping \"%s\".", option->name));
          continue;
        }
      }
      else
      {
        int	namelen;		/* Length of name */
  
        namelen = (int)strlen(option->name);
  
        if (namelen < 10 || (strcmp(option->name + namelen - 8, "-default") && strcmp(option->name + namelen - 10, "-supported")))
        {
  	if (group_tag != IPP_TAG_JOB && group_tag != IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT)
  	{
  	  DEBUG_printf(("2cupsEncodeOptions2: Skipping \"%s\".", option->name));
            continue;
          }
        }
        else if (group_tag != IPP_TAG_PRINTER)
        {
  	DEBUG_printf(("2cupsEncodeOptions2: Skipping \"%s\".", option->name));
          continue;
        }
  
        if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_JOB)
          ops = ipp_job_creation;
        else if (group_tag == IPP_TAG_DOCUMENT)
          ops = ipp_doc_creation;
        else
          ops = ipp_set_printer;
      }
  
     /*
      * Verify that we send this attribute for this operation...
      */
  
      while (*ops != IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE)
        if (op == *ops)
          break;
        else
          ops ++;
  
      if (*ops == IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE && op != IPP_OP_CUPS_NONE)
      {
        DEBUG_printf(("2cupsEncodeOptions2: Skipping \"%s\".", option->name));
        continue;
      }
  
      _cupsEncodeOption(ipp, group_tag, match, option->name, option->value);
    }
  }
  
  
  #ifdef DEBUG
  /*
   * '_ippCheckOptions()' - Validate that the option array is sorted properly.
   */
  
  const char *				/* O - First out-of-order option or NULL */
  _ippCheckOptions(void)
  {
    int	i;				/* Looping var */
  
  
    for (i = 0; i < (int)(sizeof(ipp_options) / sizeof(ipp_options[0]) - 1); i ++)
      if (strcmp(ipp_options[i].name, ipp_options[i + 1].name) >= 0)
        return (ipp_options[i + 1].name);
  
    return (NULL);
  }
  #endif /* DEBUG */
  
  
  /*
   * '_ippFindOption()' - Find the attribute information for an option.
   */
  
  _ipp_option_t *				/* O - Attribute information */
  _ippFindOption(const char *name)	/* I - Option/attribute name */
  {
    _ipp_option_t	key;			/* Search key */
  
  
   /*
    * Lookup the proper value and group tags for this option...
    */
  
    key.name = name;
  
    return ((_ipp_option_t *)bsearch(&key, ipp_options,
                                     sizeof(ipp_options) / sizeof(ipp_options[0]),
  				   sizeof(ipp_options[0]),
  				   (int (*)(const void *, const void *))
  				       compare_ipp_options));
  }
  
  
  /*
   * 'compare_ipp_options()' - Compare two IPP options.
   */
  
  static int				/* O - Result of comparison */
  compare_ipp_options(_ipp_option_t *a,	/* I - First option */
                      _ipp_option_t *b)	/* I - Second option */
  {
    return (strcmp(a->name, b->name));
  }
  