text: from os import path
  import json
  
  from shapely.geometry import Polygon, Point
  
  DIR_NAME =path.dirname(path.dirname(__file__))
  FIXTURES_DIR = path.join(DIR_NAME, 'fixtures')
  
  
  def load_fixture(file):
      fname = path.join(FIXTURES_DIR, file)
      with open(fname, 'r') as f:
          fixture = json.load(f)
      return fixture
  
  def tuple_to_list(tuplelist):
      return [list(row) for row in list(tuplelist)]
  
  def poly_to_rings(poly):
      ext_coord = tuple_to_list(list(poly.exterior.coords))
      holes = [tuple_to_list(ring.coords) for ring in poly.interiors]
      holes.insert(0, ext_coord)
      return holes
  
  def create_circle(center, radius):
      poly = Point(*center).buffer(radius)
      return poly_to_rings(poly)