text: S = 'Spam'
  
  print(S, len(S))
  
  print("Indexing from start")
  print(S[0])
  print(S[1])
  print(S[2])
  print(S[3])
  # print(S[4])
  
  print("Indexing from last")
  print(S[-1])
  print(S[-2])
  print(S[-3])
  print(S[-4])
  # print(S[-5])
  
  print(S[1:3])
  
  S = S + "xyz"
  
  print("S+xyz", S)
  
  print("S**8", S*8)
  