text: /**
   * sifter.js
   * Copyright (c) 2013 Brian Reavis & contributors
   *
   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this
   * file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
   * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under
   * the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF
   * ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
   * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
   *
   * @author Brian Reavis <brian@thirdroute.com>
   */
  
  (function(root, factory) {
      if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
          define('sifter', factory);
      } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
          module.exports = factory();
      } else {
          root.Sifter = factory();
      }
  }(this, function() {
  
      /**
       * Textually searches arrays and hashes of objects
       * by property (or multiple properties). Designed
       * specifically for autocomplete.
       *
       * @constructor
       * @param {array|object} items
       * @param {object} items
       */
      var Sifter = function(items, settings) {
          this.items = items;
          this.settings = settings || {diacritics: true};
      };
  
      /**
       * Splits a search string into an array of individual
       * regexps to be used to match results.
       *
       * @param {string} query
       * @returns {array}
       */
      Sifter.prototype.tokenize = function(query) {
          query = trim(String(query || '').toLowerCase());
          if (!query || !query.length) return [];
  
          var i, n, regex, letter;
          var tokens = [];
          var words = query.split(/ +/);
  
          for (i = 0, n = words.length; i < n; i++) {
              regex = escape_regex(words[i]);
              if (this.settings.diacritics) {
                  for (letter in DIACRITICS) {
                      if (DIACRITICS.hasOwnProperty(letter)) {
                          regex = regex.replace(new RegExp(letter, 'g'), DIACRITICS[letter]);
                      }
                  }
              }
              tokens.push({
                  string : words[i],
                  regex  : new RegExp(regex, 'i')
              });
          }
  
          return tokens;
      };
  
      /**
       * Iterates over arrays and hashes.
       *
       * ```
       * this.iterator(this.items, function(item, id) {
  	 *    // invoked for each item
  	 * });
       * ```
       *
       * @param {array|object} object
       */
      Sifter.prototype.iterator = function(object, callback) {
          var iterator;
          if (is_array(object)) {
              iterator = Array.prototype.forEach || function(callback) {
                  for (var i = 0, n = this.length; i < n; i++) {
                      callback(this[i], i, this);
                  }
              };
          } else {
              iterator = function(callback) {
                  for (var key in this) {
                      if (this.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                          callback(this[key], key, this);
                      }
                  }
              };
          }
  
          iterator.apply(object, [callback]);
      };
  
      /**
       * Returns a function to be used to score individual results.
       *
       * Good matches will have a higher score than poor matches.
       * If an item is not a match, 0 will be returned by the function.
       *
       * @param {object|string} search
       * @param {object} options (optional)
       * @returns {function}
       */
      Sifter.prototype.getScoreFunction = function(search, options) {
          var self, fields, tokens, token_count, nesting;
  
          self        = this;
          search      = self.prepareSearch(search, options);
          tokens      = search.tokens;
          fields      = search.options.fields;
          token_count = tokens.length;
          nesting     = search.options.nesting;
  
          /**
           * Calculates how close of a match the
           * given value is against a search token.
           *
           * @param {mixed} value
           * @param {object} token
           * @return {number}
           */
          var scoreValue = function(value, token) {
              var score, pos;
  
              if (!value) return 0;
              value = String(value || '');
              pos = value.search(token.regex);
              if (pos === -1) return 0;
              score = token.string.length / value.length;
              if (pos === 0) score += 0.5;
              return score;
          };
  
          /**
           * Calculates the score of an object
           * against the search query.
           *
           * @param {object} token
           * @param {object} data
           * @return {number}
           */
          var scoreObject = (function() {
              var field_count = fields.length;
              if (!field_count) {
                  return function() { return 0; };
              }
              if (field_count === 1) {
                  return function(token, data) {
                      return scoreValue(getattr(data, fields[0], nesting), token);
                  };
              }
              return function(token, data) {
                  for (var i = 0, sum = 0; i < field_count; i++) {
                      sum += scoreValue(getattr(data, fields[i], nesting), token);
                  }
                  return sum / field_count;
              };
          })();
  
          if (!token_count) {
              return function() { return 0; };
          }
          if (token_count === 1) {
              return function(data) {
                  return scoreObject(tokens[0], data);
              };
          }
  
          if (search.options.conjunction === 'and') {
              return function(data) {
                  var score;
                  for (var i = 0, sum = 0; i < token_count; i++) {
                      score = scoreObject(tokens[i], data);
                      if (score <= 0) return 0;
                      sum += score;
                  }
                  return sum / token_count;
              };
          } else {
              return function(data) {
                  for (var i = 0, sum = 0; i < token_count; i++) {
                      sum += scoreObject(tokens[i], data);
                  }
                  return sum / token_count;
              };
          }
      };
  
      /**
       * Returns a function that can be used to compare two
       * results, for sorting purposes. If no sorting should
       * be performed, `null` will be returned.
       *
       * @param {string|object} search
       * @param {object} options
       * @return function(a,b)
       */
      Sifter.prototype.getSortFunction = function(search, options) {
          var i, n, self, field, fields, fields_count, multiplier, multipliers, get_field, implicit_score, sort;
  
          self   = this;
          search = self.prepareSearch(search, options);
          sort   = (!search.query && options.sort_empty) || options.sort;
  
          /**
           * Fetches the specified sort field value
           * from a search result item.
           *
           * @param  {string} name
           * @param  {object} result
           * @return {mixed}
           */
          get_field = function(name, result) {
              if (name === '$score') return result.score;
              return getattr(self.items[result.id], name, options.nesting);
          };
  
          // parse options
          fields = [];
          if (sort) {
              for (i = 0, n = sort.length; i < n; i++) {
                  if (search.query || sort[i].field !== '$score') {
                      fields.push(sort[i]);
                  }
              }
          }
  
          // the "$score" field is implied to be the primary
          // sort field, unless it's manually specified
          if (search.query) {
              implicit_score = true;
              for (i = 0, n = fields.length; i < n; i++) {
                  if (fields[i].field === '$score') {
                      implicit_score = false;
                      break;
                  }
              }
              if (implicit_score) {
                  fields.unshift({field: '$score', direction: 'desc'});
              }
          } else {
              for (i = 0, n = fields.length; i < n; i++) {
                  if (fields[i].field === '$score') {
                      fields.splice(i, 1);
                      break;
                  }
              }
          }
  
          multipliers = [];
          for (i = 0, n = fields.length; i < n; i++) {
              multipliers.push(fields[i].direction === 'desc' ? -1 : 1);
          }
  
          // build function
          fields_count = fields.length;
          if (!fields_count) {
              return null;
          } else if (fields_count === 1) {
              field = fields[0].field;
              multiplier = multipliers[0];
              return function(a, b) {
                  return multiplier * cmp(
                      get_field(field, a),
                      get_field(field, b)
                  );
              };
          } else {
              return function(a, b) {
                  var i, result, a_value, b_value, field;
                  for (i = 0; i < fields_count; i++) {
                      field = fields[i].field;
                      result = multipliers[i] * cmp(
                          get_field(field, a),
                          get_field(field, b)
                      );
                      if (result) return result;
                  }
                  return 0;
              };
          }
      };
  
      /**
       * Parses a search query and returns an object
       * with tokens and fields ready to be populated
       * with results.
       *
       * @param {string} query
       * @param {object} options
       * @returns {object}
       */
      Sifter.prototype.prepareSearch = function(query, options) {
          if (typeof query === 'object') return query;
  
          options = extend({}, options);
  
          var option_fields     = options.fields;
          var option_sort       = options.sort;
          var option_sort_empty = options.sort_empty;
  
          if (option_fields && !is_array(option_fields)) options.fields = [option_fields];
          if (option_sort && !is_array(option_sort)) options.sort = [option_sort];
          if (option_sort_empty && !is_array(option_sort_empty)) options.sort_empty = [option_sort_empty];
  
          return {
              options : options,
              query   : String(query || '').toLowerCase(),
              tokens  : this.tokenize(query),
              total   : 0,
              items   : []
          };
      };
  
      /**
       * Searches through all items and returns a sorted array of matches.
       *
       * The `options` parameter can contain:
       *
       *   - fields {string|array}
       *   - sort {array}
       *   - score {function}
       *   - filter {bool}
       *   - limit {integer}
       *
       * Returns an object containing:
       *
       *   - options {object}
       *   - query {string}
       *   - tokens {array}
       *   - total {int}
       *   - items {array}
       *
       * @param {string} query
       * @param {object} options
       * @returns {object}
       */
      Sifter.prototype.search = function(query, options) {
          var self = this, value, score, search, calculateScore;
          var fn_sort;
          var fn_score;
  
          search  = this.prepareSearch(query, options);
          options = search.options;
          query   = search.query;
  
          // generate result scoring function
          fn_score = options.score || self.getScoreFunction(search);
  
          // perform search and sort
          if (query.length) {
              self.iterator(self.items, function(item, id) {
                  score = fn_score(item);
                  if (options.filter === false || score > 0) {
                      search.items.push({'score': score, 'id': id});
                  }
              });
          } else {
              self.iterator(self.items, function(item, id) {
                  search.items.push({'score': 1, 'id': id});
              });
          }
  
          fn_sort = self.getSortFunction(search, options);
          if (fn_sort) search.items.sort(fn_sort);
  
          // apply limits
          search.total = search.items.length;
          if (typeof options.limit === 'number') {
              search.items = search.items.slice(0, options.limit);
          }
  
          return search;
      };
  
      // utilities
      // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  
      var cmp = function(a, b) {
          if (typeof a === 'number' && typeof b === 'number') {
              return a > b ? 1 : (a < b ? -1 : 0);
          }
          a = asciifold(String(a || ''));
          b = asciifold(String(b || ''));
          if (a > b) return 1;
          if (b > a) return -1;
          return 0;
      };
  
      var extend = function(a, b) {
          var i, n, k, object;
          for (i = 1, n = arguments.length; i < n; i++) {
              object = arguments[i];
              if (!object) continue;
              for (k in object) {
                  if (object.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
                      a[k] = object[k];
                  }
              }
          }
          return a;
      };
  
      /**
       * A property getter resolving dot-notation
       * @param  {Object}  obj     The root object to fetch property on
       * @param  {String}  name    The optionally dotted property name to fetch
       * @param  {Boolean} nesting Handle nesting or not
       * @return {Object}          The resolved property value
       */
      var getattr = function(obj, name, nesting) {
          if (!obj || !name) return;
          if (!nesting) return obj[name];
          var names = name.split(".");
          while(names.length && (obj = obj[names.shift()]));
          return obj;
      };
  
      var trim = function(str) {
          return (str + '').replace(/^\s+|\s+$|/g, '');
      };
  
      var escape_regex = function(str) {
          return (str + '').replace(/([.?*+^$[\]\\(){}|-])/g, '\\$1');
      };
  
      var is_array = Array.isArray || (typeof $ !== 'undefined' && $.isArray) || function(object) {
          return Object.prototype.toString.call(object) === '[object Array]';
      };
  
      var DIACRITICS = {
          'a': '[aḀḁĂăÂâǍǎȺⱥȦȧẠạÄäÀàÁáĀāÃãÅåąĄÃąĄ]',
          'b': '[b␢βΒB฿𐌁ᛒ]',
          'c': '[cĆćĈĉČčĊċC̄c̄ÇçḈḉȻȼƇƈɕᴄＣｃ]',
          'd': '[dĎďḊḋḐḑḌḍḒḓḎḏĐđD̦d̦ƉɖƊɗƋƌᵭᶁᶑȡᴅＤｄð]',
          'e': '[eÉéÈèÊêḘḙĚěĔĕẼẽḚḛẺẻĖėËëĒēȨȩĘęᶒɆɇȄȅẾếỀềỄễỂểḜḝḖḗḔḕȆȇẸẹỆệⱸᴇＥｅɘǝƏƐε]',
          'f': '[fƑƒḞḟ]',
          'g': '[gɢ₲ǤǥĜĝĞğĢģƓɠĠġ]',
          'h': '[hĤĥĦħḨḩẖẖḤḥḢḣɦʰǶƕ]',
          'i': '[iÍíÌìĬĭÎîǏǐÏïḮḯĨĩĮįĪīỈỉȈȉȊȋỊịḬḭƗɨɨ̆ᵻᶖİiIıɪＩｉ]',
          'j': '[jȷĴĵɈɉʝɟʲ]',
          'k': '[kƘƙꝀꝁḰḱǨǩḲḳḴḵκϰ₭]',
          'l': '[lŁłĽľĻļĹĺḶḷḸḹḼḽḺḻĿŀȽƚⱠⱡⱢɫɬᶅɭȴʟＬｌ]',
          'n': '[nŃńǸǹŇňÑñṄṅŅņṆṇṊṋṈṉN̈n̈ƝɲȠƞᵰᶇɳȵɴＮｎŊŋ]',
          'o': '[oØøÖöÓóÒòÔôǑǒŐőŎŏȮȯỌọƟɵƠơỎỏŌōÕõǪǫȌȍՕօ]',
          'p': '[pṔṕṖṗⱣᵽƤƥᵱ]',
          'q': '[qꝖꝗʠɊɋꝘꝙq̃]',
          'r': '[rŔŕɌɍŘřŖŗṘṙȐȑȒȓṚṛⱤɽ]',
          's': '[sŚśṠṡṢṣꞨꞩŜŝŠšŞşȘșS̈s̈]',
          't': '[tŤťṪṫŢţṬṭƮʈȚțṰṱṮṯƬƭ]',
          'u': '[uŬŭɄʉỤụÜüÚúÙùÛûǓǔŰűŬŭƯưỦủŪūŨũŲųȔȕ∪]',
          'v': '[vṼṽṾṿƲʋꝞꝟⱱʋ]',
          'w': '[wẂẃẀẁŴŵẄẅẆẇẈẉ]',
          'x': '[xẌẍẊẋχ]',
          'y': '[yÝýỲỳŶŷŸÿỸỹẎẏỴỵɎɏƳƴ]',
          'z': '[zŹźẐẑŽžŻżẒẓẔẕƵƶ]'
      };
  
      var asciifold = (function() {
          var i, n, k, chunk;
          var foreignletters = '';
          var lookup = {};
          for (k in DIACRITICS) {
              if (DIACRITICS.hasOwnProperty(k)) {
                  chunk = DIACRITICS[k].substring(2, DIACRITICS[k].length - 1);
                  foreignletters += chunk;
                  for (i = 0, n = chunk.length; i < n; i++) {
                      lookup[chunk.charAt(i)] = k;
                  }
              }
          }
          var regexp = new RegExp('[' +  foreignletters + ']', 'g');
          return function(str) {
              return str.replace(regexp, function(foreignletter) {
                  return lookup[foreignletter];
              }).toLowerCase();
          };
      })();
  
  
      // export
      // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  
      return Sifter;
  }));
  
  
  
  /**
   * microplugin.js
   * Copyright (c) 2013 Brian Reavis & contributors
   *
   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this
   * file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
   * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under
   * the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF
   * ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
   * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
   *
   * @author Brian Reavis <brian@thirdroute.com>
   */
  
  (function(root, factory) {
      if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
          define('microplugin', factory);
      } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
          module.exports = factory();
      } else {
          root.MicroPlugin = factory();
      }
  }(this, function() {
      var MicroPlugin = {};
  
      MicroPlugin.mixin = function(Interface) {
          Interface.plugins = {};
  
          /**
           * Initializes the listed plugins (with options).
           * Acceptable formats:
           *
           * List (without options):
           *   ['a', 'b', 'c']
           *
           * List (with options):
           *   [{'name': 'a', options: {}}, {'name': 'b', options: {}}]
           *
           * Hash (with options):
           *   {'a': { ... }, 'b': { ... }, 'c': { ... }}
           *
           * @param {mixed} plugins
           */
          Interface.prototype.initializePlugins = function(plugins) {
              var i, n, key;
              var self  = this;
              var queue = [];
  
              self.plugins = {
                  names     : [],
                  settings  : {},
                  requested : {},
                  loaded    : {}
              };
  
              if (utils.isArray(plugins)) {
                  for (i = 0, n = plugins.length; i < n; i++) {
                      if (typeof plugins[i] === 'string') {
                          queue.push(plugins[i]);
                      } else {
                          self.plugins.settings[plugins[i].name] = plugins[i].options;
                          queue.push(plugins[i].name);
                      }
                  }
              } else if (plugins) {
                  for (key in plugins) {
                      if (plugins.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                          self.plugins.settings[key] = plugins[key];
                          queue.push(key);
                      }
                  }
              }
  
              while (queue.length) {
                  self.require(queue.shift());
              }
          };
  
          Interface.prototype.loadPlugin = function(name) {
              var self    = this;
              var plugins = self.plugins;
              var plugin  = Interface.plugins[name];
  
              if (!Interface.plugins.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
                  throw new Error('Unable to find "' +  name + '" plugin');
              }
  
              plugins.requested[name] = true;
              plugins.loaded[name] = plugin.fn.apply(self, [self.plugins.settings[name] || {}]);
              plugins.names.push(name);
          };
  
          /**
           * Initializes a plugin.
           *
           * @param {string} name
           */
          Interface.prototype.require = function(name) {
              var self = this;
              var plugins = self.plugins;
  
              if (!self.plugins.loaded.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
                  if (plugins.requested[name]) {
                      throw new Error('Plugin has circular dependency ("' + name + '")');
                  }
                  self.loadPlugin(name);
              }
  
              return plugins.loaded[name];
          };
  
          /**
           * Registers a plugin.
           *
           * @param {string} name
           * @param {function} fn
           */
          Interface.define = function(name, fn) {
              Interface.plugins[name] = {
                  'name' : name,
                  'fn'   : fn
              };
          };
      };
  
      var utils = {
          isArray: Array.isArray || function(vArg) {
              return Object.prototype.toString.call(vArg) === '[object Array]';
          }
      };
  
      return MicroPlugin;
  }));
  
  /**
   * selectize.js (v0.12.6)
   * Copyright (c) 2013–2015 Brian Reavis & contributors
   *
   * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this
   * file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:
   * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under
   * the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF
   * ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
   * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
   *
   * @author Brian Reavis <brian@thirdroute.com>
   */
  
  /*jshint curly:false */
  /*jshint browser:true */
  
  (function(root, factory) {
      if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
          define('selectize', ['jquery','sifter','microplugin'], factory);
      } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
          module.exports = factory(require('jquery'), require('sifter'), require('microplugin'));
      } else {
          root.Selectize = factory(root.jQuery, root.Sifter, root.MicroPlugin);
      }
  }(this, function($, Sifter, MicroPlugin) {
      'use strict';
  
      var highlight = function($element, pattern) {
          if (typeof pattern === 'string' && !pattern.length) return;
          var regex = (typeof pattern === 'string') ? new RegExp(pattern, 'i') : pattern;
  
          var highlight = function(node) {
              var skip = 0;
              // Wrap matching part of text node with highlighting <span>, e.g.
              // Soccer  ->  <span class="highlight">Soc</span>cer  for regex = /soc/i
              if (node.nodeType === 3) {
                  var pos = node.data.search(regex);
                  if (pos >= 0 && node.data.length > 0) {
                      var match = node.data.match(regex);
                      var spannode = document.createElement('span');
                      spannode.className = 'highlight';
                      var middlebit = node.splitText(pos);
                      var endbit = middlebit.splitText(match[0].length);
                      var middleclone = middlebit.cloneNode(true);
                      spannode.appendChild(middleclone);
                      middlebit.parentNode.replaceChild(spannode, middlebit);
                      skip = 1;
                  }
              }
              // Recurse element node, looking for child text nodes to highlight, unless element
              // is childless, <script>, <style>, or already highlighted: <span class="hightlight">
              else if (node.nodeType === 1 && node.childNodes && !/(script|style)/i.test(node.tagName) && ( node.className !== 'highlight' || node.tagName !== 'SPAN' )) {
                  for (var i = 0; i < node.childNodes.length; ++i) {
                      i += highlight(node.childNodes[i]);
                  }
              }
              return skip;
          };
  
          return $element.each(function() {
              highlight(this);
          });
      };
  
      /**
       * removeHighlight fn copied from highlight v5 and
       * edited to remove with() and pass js strict mode
       */
      $.fn.removeHighlight = function() {
          return this.find("span.highlight").each(function() {
              this.parentNode.firstChild.nodeName;
              var parent = this.parentNode;
              parent.replaceChild(this.firstChild, this);
              parent.normalize();
          }).end();
      };
  
  
      var MicroEvent = function() {};
      MicroEvent.prototype = {
          on: function(event, fct){
              this._events = this._events || {};
              this._events[event] = this._events[event] || [];
              this._events[event].push(fct);
          },
          off: function(event, fct){
              var n = arguments.length;
              if (n === 0) return delete this._events;
              if (n === 1) return delete this._events[event];
  
              this._events = this._events || {};
              if (event in this._events === false) return;
              this._events[event].splice(this._events[event].indexOf(fct), 1);
          },
          trigger: function(event /* , args... */){
              this._events = this._events || {};
              if (event in this._events === false) return;
              for (var i = 0; i < this._events[event].length; i++){
                  this._events[event][i].apply(this, Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1));
              }
          }
      };
  
      /**
       * Mixin will delegate all MicroEvent.js function in the destination object.
       *
       * - MicroEvent.mixin(Foobar) will make Foobar able to use MicroEvent
       *
       * @param {object} the object which will support MicroEvent
       */
      MicroEvent.mixin = function(destObject){
          var props = ['on', 'off', 'trigger'];
          for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++){
              destObject.prototype[props[i]] = MicroEvent.prototype[props[i]];
          }
      };
  
      var IS_MAC        = /Mac/.test(navigator.userAgent);
  
      var KEY_A         = 65;
      var KEY_COMMA     = 188;
      var KEY_RETURN    = 13;
      var KEY_ESC       = 27;
      var KEY_LEFT      = 37;
      var KEY_UP        = 38;
      var KEY_P         = 80;
      var KEY_RIGHT     = 39;
      var KEY_DOWN      = 40;
      var KEY_N         = 78;
      var KEY_BACKSPACE = 8;
      var KEY_DELETE    = 46;
      var KEY_SHIFT     = 16;
      var KEY_CMD       = IS_MAC ? 91 : 17;
      var KEY_CTRL      = IS_MAC ? 18 : 17;
      var KEY_TAB       = 9;
  
      var TAG_SELECT    = 1;
      var TAG_INPUT     = 2;
  
      // for now, android support in general is too spotty to support validity
      var SUPPORTS_VALIDITY_API = !/android/i.test(window.navigator.userAgent) && !!document.createElement('input').validity;
  
  
      var isset = function(object) {
          return typeof object !== 'undefined';
      };
  
      /**
       * Converts a scalar to its best string representation
       * for hash keys and HTML attribute values.
       *
       * Transformations:
       *   'str'     -> 'str'
       *   null      -> ''
       *   undefined -> ''
       *   true      -> '1'
       *   false     -> '0'
       *   0         -> '0'
       *   1         -> '1'
       *
       * @param {string} value
       * @returns {string|null}
       */
      var hash_key = function(value) {
          if (typeof value === 'undefined' || value === null) return null;
          if (typeof value === 'boolean') return value ? '1' : '0';
          return value + '';
      };
  
      /**
       * Escapes a string for use within HTML.
       *
       * @param {string} str
       * @returns {string}
       */
      var escape_html = function(str) {
          return (str + '')
              .replace(/&/g, '&amp;')
              .replace(/</g, '&lt;')
              .replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
              .replace(/"/g, '&quot;');
      };
  
      /**
       * Escapes "$" characters in replacement strings.
       *
       * @param {string} str
       * @returns {string}
       */
      var escape_replace = function(str) {
          return (str + '').replace(/\$/g, '$$$$');
      };
  
      var hook = {};
  
      /**
       * Wraps `method` on `self` so that `fn`
       * is invoked before the original method.
       *
       * @param {object} self
       * @param {string} method
       * @param {function} fn
       */
      hook.before = function(self, method, fn) {
          var original = self[method];
          self[method] = function() {
              fn.apply(self, arguments);
              return original.apply(self, arguments);
          };
      };
  
      /**
       * Wraps `method` on `self` so that `fn`
       * is invoked after the original method.
       *
       * @param {object} self
       * @param {string} method
       * @param {function} fn
       */
      hook.after = function(self, method, fn) {
          var original = self[method];
          self[method] = function() {
              var result = original.apply(self, arguments);
              fn.apply(self, arguments);
              return result;
          };
      };
  
      /**
       * Wraps `fn` so that it can only be invoked once.
       *
       * @param {function} fn
       * @returns {function}
       */
      var once = function(fn) {
          var called = false;
          return function() {
              if (called) return;
              called = true;
              fn.apply(this, arguments);
          };
      };
  
      /**
       * Wraps `fn` so that it can only be called once
       * every `delay` milliseconds (invoked on the falling edge).
       *
       * @param {function} fn
       * @param {int} delay
       * @returns {function}
       */
      var debounce = function(fn, delay) {
          var timeout;
          return function() {
              var self = this;
              var args = arguments;
              window.clearTimeout(timeout);
              timeout = window.setTimeout(function() {
                  fn.apply(self, args);
              }, delay);
          };
      };
  
      /**
       * Debounce all fired events types listed in `types`
       * while executing the provided `fn`.
       *
       * @param {object} self
       * @param {array} types
       * @param {function} fn
       */
      var debounce_events = function(self, types, fn) {
          var type;
          var trigger = self.trigger;
          var event_args = {};
  
          // override trigger method
          self.trigger = function() {
              var type = arguments[0];
              if (types.indexOf(type) !== -1) {
                  event_args[type] = arguments;
              } else {
                  return trigger.apply(self, arguments);
              }
          };
  
          // invoke provided function
          fn.apply(self, []);
          self.trigger = trigger;
  
          // trigger queued events
          for (type in event_args) {
              if (event_args.hasOwnProperty(type)) {
                  trigger.apply(self, event_args[type]);
              }
          }
      };
  
      /**
       * A workaround for http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/6696
       *
       * @param {object} $parent - Parent element to listen on.
       * @param {string} event - Event name.
       * @param {string} selector - Descendant selector to filter by.
       * @param {function} fn - Event handler.
       */
      var watchChildEvent = function($parent, event, selector, fn) {
          $parent.on(event, selector, function(e) {
              var child = e.target;
              while (child && child.parentNode !== $parent[0]) {
                  child = child.parentNode;
              }
              e.currentTarget = child;
              return fn.apply(this, [e]);
          });
      };
  
      /**
       * Determines the current selection within a text input control.
       * Returns an object containing:
       *   - start
       *   - length
       *
       * @param {object} input
       * @returns {object}
       */
      var getSelection = function(input) {
          var result = {};
          if ('selectionStart' in input) {
              result.start = input.selectionStart;
              result.length = input.selectionEnd - result.start;
          } else if (document.selection) {
              input.focus();
              var sel = document.selection.createRange();
              var selLen = document.selection.createRange().text.length;
              sel.moveStart('character', -input.value.length);
              result.start = sel.text.length - selLen;
              result.length = selLen;
          }
          return result;
      };
  
      /**
       * Copies CSS properties from one element to another.
       *
       * @param {object} $from
       * @param {object} $to
       * @param {array} properties
       */
      var transferStyles = function($from, $to, properties) {
          var i, n, styles = {};
          if (properties) {
              for (i = 0, n = properties.length; i < n; i++) {
                  styles[properties[i]] = $from.css(properties[i]);
              }
          } else {
              styles = $from.css();
          }
          $to.css(styles);
      };
  
      /**
       * Measures the width of a string within a
       * parent element (in pixels).
       *
       * @param {string} str
       * @param {object} $parent
       * @returns {int}
       */
      var measureString = function(str, $parent) {
          if (!str) {
              return 0;
          }
  
          if (!Selectize.$testInput) {
              Selectize.$testInput = $('<span />').css({
                  position: 'absolute',
                  top: -99999,
                  left: -99999,
                  width: 'auto',
                  padding: 0,
                  whiteSpace: 'pre'
              }).appendTo('body');
          }
  
          Selectize.$testInput.text(str);
  
          transferStyles($parent, Selectize.$testInput, [
              'letterSpacing',
              'fontSize',
              'fontFamily',
              'fontWeight',
              'textTransform'
          ]);
  
          return Selectize.$testInput.width();
      };
  
      /**
       * Sets up an input to grow horizontally as the user
       * types. If the value is changed manually, you can
       * trigger the "update" handler to resize:
       *
       * $input.trigger('update');
       *
       * @param {object} $input
       */
      var autoGrow = function($input) {
          var currentWidth = null;
  
          var update = function(e, options) {
              var value, keyCode, printable, placeholder, width;
              var shift, character, selection;
              e = e || window.event || {};
              options = options || {};
  
              if (e.metaKey || e.altKey) return;
              if (!options.force && $input.data('grow') === false) return;
  
              value = $input.val();
              if (e.type && e.type.toLowerCase() === 'keydown') {
                  keyCode = e.keyCode;
                  printable = (
                      (keyCode >= 48 && keyCode <= 57)  || // 0-9
                      (keyCode >= 65 && keyCode <= 90)   || // a-z
                      (keyCode >= 96 && keyCode <= 111)  || // numpad 0-9, numeric operators
                      (keyCode >= 186 && keyCode <= 222) || // semicolon, equal, comma, dash, etc.
                      keyCode === 32 // space
                  );
  
                  if (keyCode === KEY_DELETE || keyCode === KEY_BACKSPACE) {
                      selection = getSelection($input[0]);
                      if (selection.length) {
                          value = value.substring(0, selection.start) + value.substring(selection.start + selection.length);
                      } else if (keyCode === KEY_BACKSPACE && selection.start) {
                          value = value.substring(0, selection.start - 1) + value.substring(selection.start + 1);
                      } else if (keyCode === KEY_DELETE && typeof selection.start !== 'undefined') {
                          value = value.substring(0, selection.start) + value.substring(selection.start + 1);
                      }
                  } else if (printable) {
                      shift = e.shiftKey;
                      character = String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode);
                      if (shift) character = character.toUpperCase();
                      else character = character.toLowerCase();
                      value += character;
                  }
              }
  
              placeholder = $input.attr('placeholder');
              if (!value && placeholder) {
                  value = placeholder;
              }
  
              width = measureString(value, $input) + 4;
              if (width !== currentWidth) {
                  currentWidth = width;
                  $input.width(width);
                  $input.triggerHandler('resize');
              }
          };
  
          $input.on('keydown keyup update blur', update);
          update();
      };
  
      var domToString = function(d) {
          var tmp = document.createElement('div');
  
          tmp.appendChild(d.cloneNode(true));
  
          return tmp.innerHTML;
      };
  
      var logError = function(message, options){
          if(!options) options = {};
          var component = "Selectize";
  
          console.error(component + ": " + message)
  
          if(options.explanation){
              // console.group is undefined in <IE11
              if(console.group) console.group();
              console.error(options.explanation);
              if(console.group) console.groupEnd();
          }
      }
  
  
      var Selectize = function($input, settings) {
          var key, i, n, dir, input, self = this;
          input = $input[0];
          input.selectize = self;
  
          // detect rtl environment
          var computedStyle = window.getComputedStyle && window.getComputedStyle(input, null);
          dir = computedStyle ? computedStyle.getPropertyValue('direction') : input.currentStyle && input.currentStyle.direction;
          dir = dir || $input.parents('[dir]:first').attr('dir') || '';
  
          // setup default state
          $.extend(self, {
              order            : 0,
              settings         : settings,
              $input           : $input,
              tabIndex         : $input.attr('tabindex') || '',
              tagType          : input.tagName.toLowerCase() === 'select' ? TAG_SELECT : TAG_INPUT,
              rtl              : /rtl/i.test(dir),
  
              eventNS          : '.selectize' + (++Selectize.count),
              highlightedValue : null,
              isBlurring       : false,
              isOpen           : false,
              isDisabled       : false,
              isRequired       : $input.is('[required]'),
              isInvalid        : false,
              isLocked         : false,
              isFocused        : false,
              isInputHidden    : false,
              isSetup          : false,
              isShiftDown      : false,
              isCmdDown        : false,
              isCtrlDown       : false,
              ignoreFocus      : false,
              ignoreBlur       : false,
              ignoreHover      : false,
              hasOptions       : false,
              currentResults   : null,
              lastValue        : '',
              caretPos         : 0,
              loading          : 0,
              loadedSearches   : {},
  
              $activeOption    : null,
              $activeItems     : [],
  
              optgroups        : {},
              options          : {},
              userOptions      : {},
              items            : [],
              renderCache      : {},
              onSearchChange   : settings.loadThrottle === null ? self.onSearchChange : debounce(self.onSearchChange, settings.loadThrottle)
          });
  
          // search system
          self.sifter = new Sifter(this.options, {diacritics: settings.diacritics});
  
          // build options table
          if (self.settings.options) {
              for (i = 0, n = self.settings.options.length; i < n; i++) {
                  self.registerOption(self.settings.options[i]);
              }
              delete self.settings.options;
          }
  
          // build optgroup table
          if (self.settings.optgroups) {
              for (i = 0, n = self.settings.optgroups.length; i < n; i++) {
                  self.registerOptionGroup(self.settings.optgroups[i]);
              }
              delete self.settings.optgroups;
          }
  
          // option-dependent defaults
          self.settings.mode = self.settings.mode || (self.settings.maxItems === 1 ? 'single' : 'multi');
          if (typeof self.settings.hideSelected !== 'boolean') {
              self.settings.hideSelected = self.settings.mode === 'multi';
          }
  
          self.initializePlugins(self.settings.plugins);
          self.setupCallbacks();
          self.setupTemplates();
          self.setup();
      };
  
      // mixins
      // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  
      MicroEvent.mixin(Selectize);
  
      if(typeof MicroPlugin !== "undefined"){
          MicroPlugin.mixin(Selectize);
      }else{
          logError("Dependency MicroPlugin is missing",
              {explanation:
                  "Make sure you either: (1) are using the \"standalone\" "+
                  "version of Selectize, or (2) require MicroPlugin before you "+
                  "load Selectize."}
          );
      }
  
  
      // methods
      // - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
  
      $.extend(Selectize.prototype, {
  
          /**
           * Creates all elements and sets up event bindings.
           */
          setup: function() {
              var self      = this;
              var settings  = self.settings;
              var eventNS   = self.eventNS;
              var $window   = $(window);
              var $document = $(document);
              var $input    = self.$input;
  
              var $wrapper;
              var $control;
              var $control_input;
              var $dropdown;
              var $dropdown_content;
              var $dropdown_parent;
              var inputMode;
              var timeout_blur;
              var timeout_focus;
              var classes;
              var classes_plugins;
              var inputId;
  
              inputMode         = self.settings.mode;
              classes           = $input.attr('class') || '';
  
              $wrapper          = $('<div>').addClass(settings.wrapperClass).addClass(classes).addClass(inputMode);
              $control          = $('<div>').addClass(settings.inputClass).addClass('items').appendTo($wrapper);
              $control_input    = $('<input type="text" autocomplete="off" />').appendTo($control).attr('tabindex', $input.is(':disabled') ? '-1' : self.tabIndex);
              $dropdown_parent  = $(settings.dropdownParent || $wrapper);
              $dropdown         = $('<div>').addClass(settings.dropdownClass).addClass(inputMode).hide().appendTo($dropdown_parent);
              $dropdown_content = $('<div>').addClass(settings.dropdownContentClass).appendTo($dropdown);
  
              if(inputId = $input.attr('id')) {
                  $control_input.attr('id', inputId + '-selectized');
                  $("label[for='"+inputId+"']").attr('for', inputId + '-selectized');
              }
  
              if(self.settings.copyClassesToDropdown) {
                  $dropdown.addClass(classes);
              }
  
              $wrapper.css({
                  width: $input[0].style.width
              });
  
              if (self.plugins.names.length) {
                  classes_plugins = 'plugin-' + self.plugins.names.join(' plugin-');
                  $wrapper.addClass(classes_plugins);
                  $dropdown.addClass(classes_plugins);
              }
  
              if ((settings.maxItems === null || settings.maxItems > 1) && self.tagType === TAG_SELECT) {
                  $input.attr('multiple', 'multiple');
              }
  
              if (self.settings.placeholder) {
                  $control_input.attr('placeholder', settings.placeholder);
              }
  
              // if splitOn was not passed in, construct it from the delimiter to allow pasting universally
              if (!self.settings.splitOn && self.settings.delimiter) {
                  var delimiterEscaped = self.settings.delimiter.replace(/[-\/\\^$*+?.()|[\]{}]/g, '\\$&');
                  self.settings.splitOn = new RegExp('\\s*' + delimiterEscaped + '+\\s*');
              }
  
              if ($input.attr('autocorrect')) {
                  $control_input.attr('autocorrect', $input.attr('autocorrect'));
              }
  
              if ($input.attr('autocapitalize')) {
                  $control_input.attr('autocapitalize', $input.attr('autocapitalize'));
              }
              $control_input[0].type = $input[0].type;
  
              self.$wrapper          = $wrapper;
              self.$control          = $control;
              self.$control_input    = $control_input;
              self.$dropdown         = $dropdown;
              self.$dropdown_content = $dropdown_content;
  
              $dropdown.on('mouseenter mousedown click', '[data-disabled]>[data-selectable]', function(e) { e.stopImmediatePropagation(); });
              $dropdown.on('mouseenter', '[data-selectable]', function() { return self.onOptionHover.apply(self, arguments); });
              $dropdown.on('mousedown click', '[data-selectable]', function() { return self.onOptionSelect.apply(self, arguments); });
              watchChildEvent($control, 'mousedown', '*:not(input)', function() { return self.onItemSelect.apply(self, arguments); });
              autoGrow($control_input);
  
              $control.on({
                  mousedown : function() { return self.onMouseDown.apply(self, arguments); },
                  click     : function() { return self.onClick.apply(self, arguments); }
              });
  
              $control_input.on({
                  mousedown : function(e) { e.stopPropagation(); },
                  keydown   : function() { return self.onKeyDown.apply(self, arguments); },
                  keyup     : function() { return self.onKeyUp.apply(self, arguments); },
                  keypress  : function() { return self.onKeyPress.apply(self, arguments); },
                  resize    : function() { self.positionDropdown.apply(self, []); },
                  blur      : function() { return self.onBlur.apply(self, arguments); },
                  focus     : function() { self.ignoreBlur = false; return self.onFocus.apply(self, arguments); },
                  paste     : function() { return self.onPaste.apply(self, arguments); }
              });
  
              $document.on('keydown' + eventNS, function(e) {
                  self.isCmdDown = e[IS_MAC ? 'metaKey' : 'ctrlKey'];
                  self.isCtrlDown = e[IS_MAC ? 'altKey' : 'ctrlKey'];
                  self.isShiftDown = e.shiftKey;
              });
  
              $document.on('keyup' + eventNS, function(e) {
                  if (e.keyCode === KEY_CTRL) self.isCtrlDown = false;
                  if (e.keyCode === KEY_SHIFT) self.isShiftDown = false;
                  if (e.keyCode === KEY_CMD) self.isCmdDown = false;
              });
  
              $document.on('mousedown' + eventNS, function(e) {
                  if (self.isFocused) {
                      // prevent events on the dropdown scrollbar from causing the control to blur
                      if (e.target === self.$dropdown[0] || e.target.parentNode === self.$dropdown[0]) {
                          return false;
                      }
                      // blur on click outside
                      if (!self.$control.has(e.target).length && e.target !== self.$control[0]) {
                          self.blur(e.target);
                      }
                  }
              });
  
              $window.on(['scroll' + eventNS, 'resize' + eventNS].join(' '), function() {
                  if (self.isOpen) {
                      self.positionDropdown.apply(self, arguments);
                  }
              });
              $window.on('mousemove' + eventNS, function() {
                  self.ignoreHover = false;
              });
  
              // store original children and tab index so that they can be
              // restored when the destroy() method is called.
              this.revertSettings = {
                  $children : $input.children().detach(),
                  tabindex  : $input.attr('tabindex')
              };
  
              $input.attr('tabindex', -1).hide().after(self.$wrapper);
  
              if ($.isArray(settings.items)) {
                  self.setValue(settings.items);
                  delete settings.items;
              }
  
              // feature detect for the validation API
              if (SUPPORTS_VALIDITY_API) {
                  $input.on('invalid' + eventNS, function(e) {
                      e.preventDefault();
                      self.isInvalid = true;
                      self.refreshState();
                  });
              }
  
              self.updateOriginalInput();
              self.refreshItems();
              self.refreshState();
              self.updatePlaceholder();
              self.isSetup = true;
  
              if ($input.is(':disabled')) {
                  self.disable();
              }
  
              self.on('change', this.onChange);
  
              $input.data('selectize', self);
              $input.addClass('selectized');
              self.trigger('initialize');
  
              // preload options
              if (settings.preload === true) {
                  self.onSearchChange('');
              }
  
          },
  
          /**
           * Sets up default rendering functions.
           */
          setupTemplates: function() {
              var self = this;
              var field_label = self.settings.labelField;
              var field_optgroup = self.settings.optgroupLabelField;
  
              var templates = {
                  'optgroup': function(data) {
                      return '<div class="optgroup">' + data.html + '</div>';
                  },
                  'optgroup_header': function(data, escape) {
                      return '<div class="optgroup-header">' + escape(data[field_optgroup]) + '</div>';
                  },
                  'option': function(data, escape) {
                      return '<div class="option">' + escape(data[field_label]) + '</div>';
                  },
                  'item': function(data, escape) {
                      return '<div class="item">' + escape(data[field_label]) + '</div>';
                  },
                  'option_create': function(data, escape) {
                      return '<div class="create">Add <strong>' + escape(data.input) + '</strong>&hellip;</div>';
                  }
              };
  
              self.settings.render = $.extend({}, templates, self.settings.render);
          },
  
          /**
           * Maps fired events to callbacks provided
           * in the settings used when creating the control.
           */
          setupCallbacks: function() {
              var key, fn, callbacks = {
                  'initialize'      : 'onInitialize',
                  'change'          : 'onChange',
                  'item_add'        : 'onItemAdd',
                  'item_remove'     : 'onItemRemove',
                  'clear'           : 'onClear',
                  'option_add'      : 'onOptionAdd',
                  'option_remove'   : 'onOptionRemove',
                  'option_clear'    : 'onOptionClear',
                  'optgroup_add'    : 'onOptionGroupAdd',
                  'optgroup_remove' : 'onOptionGroupRemove',
                  'optgroup_clear'  : 'onOptionGroupClear',
                  'dropdown_open'   : 'onDropdownOpen',
                  'dropdown_close'  : 'onDropdownClose',
                  'type'            : 'onType',
                  'load'            : 'onLoad',
                  'focus'           : 'onFocus',
                  'blur'            : 'onBlur'
              };
  
              for (key in callbacks) {
                  if (callbacks.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                      fn = this.settings[callbacks[key]];
                      if (fn) this.on(key, fn);
                  }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the main control element
           * has a click event.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @return {boolean}
           */
          onClick: function(e) {
              var self = this;
  
              // necessary for mobile webkit devices (manual focus triggering
              // is ignored unless invoked within a click event)
              // also necessary to reopen a dropdown that has been closed by
              // closeAfterSelect
              if (!self.isFocused || !self.isOpen) {
                  self.focus();
                  e.preventDefault();
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the main control element
           * has a mouse down event.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @return {boolean}
           */
          onMouseDown: function(e) {
              var self = this;
              var defaultPrevented = e.isDefaultPrevented();
              var $target = $(e.target);
  
              if (self.isFocused) {
                  // retain focus by preventing native handling. if the
                  // event target is the input it should not be modified.
                  // otherwise, text selection within the input won't work.
                  if (e.target !== self.$control_input[0]) {
                      if (self.settings.mode === 'single') {
                          // toggle dropdown
                          self.isOpen ? self.close() : self.open();
                      } else if (!defaultPrevented) {
                          self.setActiveItem(null);
                      }
                      return false;
                  }
              } else {
                  // give control focus
                  if (!defaultPrevented) {
                      window.setTimeout(function() {
                          self.focus();
                      }, 0);
                  }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the value of the control has been changed.
           * This should propagate the event to the original DOM
           * input / select element.
           */
          onChange: function() {
              this.$input.trigger('change');
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> paste.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onPaste: function(e) {
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.isFull() || self.isInputHidden || self.isLocked) {
                  e.preventDefault();
                  return;
              }
  
              // If a regex or string is included, this will split the pasted
              // input and create Items for each separate value
              if (self.settings.splitOn) {
  
                  // Wait for pasted text to be recognized in value
                  setTimeout(function() {
                      var pastedText = self.$control_input.val();
                      if(!pastedText.match(self.settings.splitOn)){ return }
  
                      var splitInput = $.trim(pastedText).split(self.settings.splitOn);
                      for (var i = 0, n = splitInput.length; i < n; i++) {
                          self.createItem(splitInput[i]);
                      }
                  }, 0);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> keypress.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onKeyPress: function(e) {
              if (this.isLocked) return e && e.preventDefault();
              var character = String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode || e.which);
              if (this.settings.create && this.settings.mode === 'multi' && character === this.settings.delimiter) {
                  this.createItem();
                  e.preventDefault();
                  return false;
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> keydown.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onKeyDown: function(e) {
              var isInput = e.target === this.$control_input[0];
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.isLocked) {
                  if (e.keyCode !== KEY_TAB) {
                      e.preventDefault();
                  }
                  return;
              }
  
              switch (e.keyCode) {
                  case KEY_A:
                      if (self.isCmdDown) {
                          self.selectAll();
                          return;
                      }
                      break;
                  case KEY_ESC:
                      if (self.isOpen) {
                          e.preventDefault();
                          e.stopPropagation();
                          self.close();
                      }
                      return;
                  case KEY_N:
                      if (!e.ctrlKey || e.altKey) break;
                  case KEY_DOWN:
                      if (!self.isOpen && self.hasOptions) {
                          self.open();
                      } else if (self.$activeOption) {
                          self.ignoreHover = true;
                          var $next = self.getAdjacentOption(self.$activeOption, 1);
                          if ($next.length) self.setActiveOption($next, true, true);
                      }
                      e.preventDefault();
                      return;
                  case KEY_P:
                      if (!e.ctrlKey || e.altKey) break;
                  case KEY_UP:
                      if (self.$activeOption) {
                          self.ignoreHover = true;
                          var $prev = self.getAdjacentOption(self.$activeOption, -1);
                          if ($prev.length) self.setActiveOption($prev, true, true);
                      }
                      e.preventDefault();
                      return;
                  case KEY_RETURN:
                      if (self.isOpen && self.$activeOption) {
                          self.onOptionSelect({currentTarget: self.$activeOption});
                          e.preventDefault();
                      }
                      return;
                  case KEY_LEFT:
                      self.advanceSelection(-1, e);
                      return;
                  case KEY_RIGHT:
                      self.advanceSelection(1, e);
                      return;
                  case KEY_TAB:
                      if (self.settings.selectOnTab && self.isOpen && self.$activeOption) {
                          self.onOptionSelect({currentTarget: self.$activeOption});
  
                          // Default behaviour is to jump to the next field, we only want this
                          // if the current field doesn't accept any more entries
                          if (!self.isFull()) {
                              e.preventDefault();
                          }
                      }
                      if (self.settings.create && self.createItem()) {
                          e.preventDefault();
                      }
                      return;
                  case KEY_BACKSPACE:
                  case KEY_DELETE:
                      self.deleteSelection(e);
                      return;
              }
  
              if ((self.isFull() || self.isInputHidden) && !(IS_MAC ? e.metaKey : e.ctrlKey)) {
                  e.preventDefault();
                  return;
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> keyup.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onKeyUp: function(e) {
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.isLocked) return e && e.preventDefault();
              var value = self.$control_input.val() || '';
              if (self.lastValue !== value) {
                  self.lastValue = value;
                  self.onSearchChange(value);
                  self.refreshOptions();
                  self.trigger('type', value);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Invokes the user-provide option provider / loader.
           *
           * Note: this function is debounced in the Selectize
           * constructor (by `settings.loadThrottle` milliseconds)
           *
           * @param {string} value
           */
          onSearchChange: function(value) {
              var self = this;
              var fn = self.settings.load;
              if (!fn) return;
              if (self.loadedSearches.hasOwnProperty(value)) return;
              self.loadedSearches[value] = true;
              self.load(function(callback) {
                  fn.apply(self, [value, callback]);
              });
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> focus.
           *
           * @param {object} e (optional)
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onFocus: function(e) {
              var self = this;
              var wasFocused = self.isFocused;
  
              if (self.isDisabled) {
                  self.blur();
                  e && e.preventDefault();
                  return false;
              }
  
              if (self.ignoreFocus) return;
              self.isFocused = true;
              if (self.settings.preload === 'focus') self.onSearchChange('');
  
              if (!wasFocused) self.trigger('focus');
  
              if (!self.$activeItems.length) {
                  self.showInput();
                  self.setActiveItem(null);
                  self.refreshOptions(!!self.settings.openOnFocus);
              }
  
              self.refreshState();
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered on <input> blur.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @param {Element} dest
           */
          onBlur: function(e, dest) {
              var self = this;
              if (!self.isFocused) return;
              self.isFocused = false;
  
              if (self.ignoreFocus) {
                  return;
              } else if (!self.ignoreBlur && document.activeElement === self.$dropdown_content[0]) {
                  // necessary to prevent IE closing the dropdown when the scrollbar is clicked
                  self.ignoreBlur = true;
                  self.onFocus(e);
                  return;
              }
  
              var deactivate = function() {
                  self.close();
                  self.setTextboxValue('');
                  self.setActiveItem(null);
                  self.setActiveOption(null);
                  self.setCaret(self.items.length);
                  self.refreshState();
  
                  // IE11 bug: element still marked as active
                  dest && dest.focus && dest.focus();
  
                  self.isBlurring = false;
                  self.ignoreFocus = false;
                  self.trigger('blur');
              };
  
              self.isBlurring = true;
              self.ignoreFocus = true;
              if (self.settings.create && self.settings.createOnBlur) {
                  self.createItem(null, false, deactivate);
              } else {
                  deactivate();
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the user rolls over
           * an option in the autocomplete dropdown menu.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onOptionHover: function(e) {
              if (this.ignoreHover) return;
              this.setActiveOption(e.currentTarget, false);
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the user clicks on an option
           * in the autocomplete dropdown menu.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onOptionSelect: function(e) {
              var value, $target, $option, self = this;
  
              if (e.preventDefault) {
                  e.preventDefault();
                  e.stopPropagation();
              }
  
              $target = $(e.currentTarget);
              if ($target.hasClass('create')) {
                  self.createItem(null, function() {
                      if (self.settings.closeAfterSelect) {
                          self.close();
                      }
                  });
              } else {
                  value = $target.attr('data-value');
                  if (typeof value !== 'undefined') {
                      self.lastQuery = null;
                      self.setTextboxValue('');
                      self.addItem(value);
                      if (self.settings.closeAfterSelect) {
                          self.close();
                      } else if (!self.settings.hideSelected && e.type && /mouse/.test(e.type)) {
                          self.setActiveOption(self.getOption(value));
                      }
                  }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Triggered when the user clicks on an item
           * that has been selected.
           *
           * @param {object} e
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          onItemSelect: function(e) {
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.isLocked) return;
              if (self.settings.mode === 'multi') {
                  e.preventDefault();
                  self.setActiveItem(e.currentTarget, e);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Invokes the provided method that provides
           * results to a callback---which are then added
           * as options to the control.
           *
           * @param {function} fn
           */
          load: function(fn) {
              var self = this;
              var $wrapper = self.$wrapper.addClass(self.settings.loadingClass);
  
              self.loading++;
              fn.apply(self, [function(results) {
                  self.loading = Math.max(self.loading - 1, 0);
                  if (results && results.length) {
                      self.addOption(results);
                      self.refreshOptions(self.isFocused && !self.isInputHidden);
                  }
                  if (!self.loading) {
                      $wrapper.removeClass(self.settings.loadingClass);
                  }
                  self.trigger('load', results);
              }]);
          },
  
          /**
           * Sets the input field of the control to the specified value.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           */
          setTextboxValue: function(value) {
              var $input = this.$control_input;
              var changed = $input.val() !== value;
              if (changed) {
                  $input.val(value).triggerHandler('update');
                  this.lastValue = value;
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns the value of the control. If multiple items
           * can be selected (e.g. <select multiple>), this returns
           * an array. If only one item can be selected, this
           * returns a string.
           *
           * @returns {mixed}
           */
          getValue: function() {
              if (this.tagType === TAG_SELECT && this.$input.attr('multiple')) {
                  return this.items;
              } else {
                  return this.items.join(this.settings.delimiter);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Resets the selected items to the given value.
           *
           * @param {mixed} value
           */
          setValue: function(value, silent) {
              var events = silent ? [] : ['change'];
  
              debounce_events(this, events, function() {
                  this.clear(silent);
                  this.addItems(value, silent);
              });
          },
  
          /**
           * Sets the selected item.
           *
           * @param {object} $item
           * @param {object} e (optional)
           */
          setActiveItem: function($item, e) {
              var self = this;
              var eventName;
              var i, idx, begin, end, item, swap;
              var $last;
  
              if (self.settings.mode === 'single') return;
              $item = $($item);
  
              // clear the active selection
              if (!$item.length) {
                  $(self.$activeItems).removeClass('active');
                  self.$activeItems = [];
                  if (self.isFocused) {
                      self.showInput();
                  }
                  return;
              }
  
              // modify selection
              eventName = e && e.type.toLowerCase();
  
              if (eventName === 'mousedown' && self.isShiftDown && self.$activeItems.length) {
                  $last = self.$control.children('.active:last');
                  begin = Array.prototype.indexOf.apply(self.$control[0].childNodes, [$last[0]]);
                  end   = Array.prototype.indexOf.apply(self.$control[0].childNodes, [$item[0]]);
                  if (begin > end) {
                      swap  = begin;
                      begin = end;
                      end   = swap;
                  }
                  for (i = begin; i <= end; i++) {
                      item = self.$control[0].childNodes[i];
                      if (self.$activeItems.indexOf(item) === -1) {
                          $(item).addClass('active');
                          self.$activeItems.push(item);
                      }
                  }
                  e.preventDefault();
              } else if ((eventName === 'mousedown' && self.isCtrlDown) || (eventName === 'keydown' && this.isShiftDown)) {
                  if ($item.hasClass('active')) {
                      idx = self.$activeItems.indexOf($item[0]);
                      self.$activeItems.splice(idx, 1);
                      $item.removeClass('active');
                  } else {
                      self.$activeItems.push($item.addClass('active')[0]);
                  }
              } else {
                  $(self.$activeItems).removeClass('active');
                  self.$activeItems = [$item.addClass('active')[0]];
              }
  
              // ensure control has focus
              self.hideInput();
              if (!this.isFocused) {
                  self.focus();
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Sets the selected item in the dropdown menu
           * of available options.
           *
           * @param {object} $object
           * @param {boolean} scroll
           * @param {boolean} animate
           */
          setActiveOption: function($option, scroll, animate) {
              var height_menu, height_item, y;
              var scroll_top, scroll_bottom;
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.$activeOption) self.$activeOption.removeClass('active');
              self.$activeOption = null;
  
              $option = $($option);
              if (!$option.length) return;
  
              self.$activeOption = $option.addClass('active');
  
              if (scroll || !isset(scroll)) {
  
                  height_menu   = self.$dropdown_content.height();
                  height_item   = self.$activeOption.outerHeight(true);
                  scroll        = self.$dropdown_content.scrollTop() || 0;
                  y             = self.$activeOption.offset().top - self.$dropdown_content.offset().top + scroll;
                  scroll_top    = y;
                  scroll_bottom = y - height_menu + height_item;
  
                  if (y + height_item > height_menu + scroll) {
                      self.$dropdown_content.stop().animate({scrollTop: scroll_bottom}, animate ? self.settings.scrollDuration : 0);
                  } else if (y < scroll) {
                      self.$dropdown_content.stop().animate({scrollTop: scroll_top}, animate ? self.settings.scrollDuration : 0);
                  }
  
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Selects all items (CTRL + A).
           */
          selectAll: function() {
              var self = this;
              if (self.settings.mode === 'single') return;
  
              self.$activeItems = Array.prototype.slice.apply(self.$control.children(':not(input)').addClass('active'));
              if (self.$activeItems.length) {
                  self.hideInput();
                  self.close();
              }
              self.focus();
          },
  
          /**
           * Hides the input element out of view, while
           * retaining its focus.
           */
          hideInput: function() {
              var self = this;
  
              self.setTextboxValue('');
              self.$control_input.css({opacity: 0, position: 'absolute', left: self.rtl ? 10000 : -10000});
              self.isInputHidden = true;
          },
  
          /**
           * Restores input visibility.
           */
          showInput: function() {
              this.$control_input.css({opacity: 1, position: 'relative', left: 0});
              this.isInputHidden = false;
          },
  
          /**
           * Gives the control focus.
           */
          focus: function() {
              var self = this;
              if (self.isDisabled) return;
  
              self.ignoreFocus = true;
              self.$control_input[0].focus();
              window.setTimeout(function() {
                  self.ignoreFocus = false;
                  self.onFocus();
              }, 0);
          },
  
          /**
           * Forces the control out of focus.
           *
           * @param {Element} dest
           */
          blur: function(dest) {
              this.$control_input[0].blur();
              this.onBlur(null, dest);
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns a function that scores an object
           * to show how good of a match it is to the
           * provided query.
           *
           * @param {string} query
           * @param {object} options
           * @return {function}
           */
          getScoreFunction: function(query) {
              return this.sifter.getScoreFunction(query, this.getSearchOptions());
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns search options for sifter (the system
           * for scoring and sorting results).
           *
           * @see https://github.com/brianreavis/sifter.js
           * @return {object}
           */
          getSearchOptions: function() {
              var settings = this.settings;
              var sort = settings.sortField;
              if (typeof sort === 'string') {
                  sort = [{field: sort}];
              }
  
              return {
                  fields      : settings.searchField,
                  conjunction : settings.searchConjunction,
                  sort        : sort,
                  nesting     : settings.nesting
              };
          },
  
          /**
           * Searches through available options and returns
           * a sorted array of matches.
           *
           * Returns an object containing:
           *
           *   - query {string}
           *   - tokens {array}
           *   - total {int}
           *   - items {array}
           *
           * @param {string} query
           * @returns {object}
           */
          search: function(query) {
              var i, value, score, result, calculateScore;
              var self     = this;
              var settings = self.settings;
              var options  = this.getSearchOptions();
  
              // validate user-provided result scoring function
              if (settings.score) {
                  calculateScore = self.settings.score.apply(this, [query]);
                  if (typeof calculateScore !== 'function') {
                      throw new Error('Selectize "score" setting must be a function that returns a function');
                  }
              }
  
              // perform search
              if (query !== self.lastQuery) {
                  self.lastQuery = query;
                  result = self.sifter.search(query, $.extend(options, {score: calculateScore}));
                  self.currentResults = result;
              } else {
                  result = $.extend(true, {}, self.currentResults);
              }
  
              // filter out selected items
              if (settings.hideSelected) {
                  for (i = result.items.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                      if (self.items.indexOf(hash_key(result.items[i].id)) !== -1) {
                          result.items.splice(i, 1);
                      }
                  }
              }
  
              return result;
          },
  
          /**
           * Refreshes the list of available options shown
           * in the autocomplete dropdown menu.
           *
           * @param {boolean} triggerDropdown
           */
          refreshOptions: function(triggerDropdown) {
              var i, j, k, n, groups, groups_order, option, option_html, optgroup, optgroups, html, html_children, has_create_option;
              var $active, $active_before, $create;
  
              if (typeof triggerDropdown === 'undefined') {
                  triggerDropdown = true;
              }
  
              var self              = this;
              var query             = $.trim(self.$control_input.val());
              var results           = self.search(query);
              var $dropdown_content = self.$dropdown_content;
              var active_before     = self.$activeOption && hash_key(self.$activeOption.attr('data-value'));
  
              // build markup
              n = results.items.length;
              if (typeof self.settings.maxOptions === 'number') {
                  n = Math.min(n, self.settings.maxOptions);
              }
  
              // render and group available options individually
              groups = {};
              groups_order = [];
  
              for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                  option      = self.options[results.items[i].id];
                  option_html = self.render('option', option);
                  optgroup    = option[self.settings.optgroupField] || '';
                  optgroups   = $.isArray(optgroup) ? optgroup : [optgroup];
  
                  for (j = 0, k = optgroups && optgroups.length; j < k; j++) {
                      optgroup = optgroups[j];
                      if (!self.optgroups.hasOwnProperty(optgroup)) {
                          optgroup = '';
                      }
                      if (!groups.hasOwnProperty(optgroup)) {
                          groups[optgroup] = document.createDocumentFragment();
                          groups_order.push(optgroup);
                      }
                      groups[optgroup].appendChild(option_html);
                  }
              }
  
              // sort optgroups
              if (this.settings.lockOptgroupOrder) {
                  groups_order.sort(function(a, b) {
                      var a_order = self.optgroups[a].$order || 0;
                      var b_order = self.optgroups[b].$order || 0;
                      return a_order - b_order;
                  });
              }
  
              // render optgroup headers & join groups
              html = document.createDocumentFragment();
              for (i = 0, n = groups_order.length; i < n; i++) {
                  optgroup = groups_order[i];
                  if (self.optgroups.hasOwnProperty(optgroup) && groups[optgroup].childNodes.length) {
                      // render the optgroup header and options within it,
                      // then pass it to the wrapper template
                      html_children = document.createDocumentFragment();
                      html_children.appendChild(self.render('optgroup_header', self.optgroups[optgroup]));
                      html_children.appendChild(groups[optgroup]);
  
                      html.appendChild(self.render('optgroup', $.extend({}, self.optgroups[optgroup], {
                          html: domToString(html_children),
                          dom:  html_children
                      })));
                  } else {
                      html.appendChild(groups[optgroup]);
                  }
              }
  
              $dropdown_content.html(html);
  
              // highlight matching terms inline
              if (self.settings.highlight) {
                  $dropdown_content.removeHighlight();
                  if (results.query.length && results.tokens.length) {
                      for (i = 0, n = results.tokens.length; i < n; i++) {
                          highlight($dropdown_content, results.tokens[i].regex);
                      }
                  }
              }
  
              // add "selected" class to selected options
              if (!self.settings.hideSelected) {
                  for (i = 0, n = self.items.length; i < n; i++) {
                      self.getOption(self.items[i]).addClass('selected');
                  }
              }
  
              // add create option
              has_create_option = self.canCreate(query);
              if (has_create_option) {
                  $dropdown_content.prepend(self.render('option_create', {input: query}));
                  $create = $($dropdown_content[0].childNodes[0]);
              }
  
              // activate
              self.hasOptions = results.items.length > 0 || has_create_option;
              if (self.hasOptions) {
                  if (results.items.length > 0) {
                      $active_before = active_before && self.getOption(active_before);
                      if ($active_before && $active_before.length) {
                          $active = $active_before;
                      } else if (self.settings.mode === 'single' && self.items.length) {
                          $active = self.getOption(self.items[0]);
                      }
                      if (!$active || !$active.length) {
                          if ($create && !self.settings.addPrecedence) {
                              $active = self.getAdjacentOption($create, 1);
                          } else {
                              $active = $dropdown_content.find('[data-selectable]:first');
                          }
                      }
                  } else {
                      $active = $create;
                  }
                  self.setActiveOption($active);
                  if (triggerDropdown && !self.isOpen) { self.open(); }
              } else {
                  self.setActiveOption(null);
                  if (triggerDropdown && self.isOpen) { self.close(); }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Adds an available option. If it already exists,
           * nothing will happen. Note: this does not refresh
           * the options list dropdown (use `refreshOptions`
           * for that).
           *
           * Usage:
           *
           *   this.addOption(data)
           *
           * @param {object|array} data
           */
          addOption: function(data) {
              var i, n, value, self = this;
  
              if ($.isArray(data)) {
                  for (i = 0, n = data.length; i < n; i++) {
                      self.addOption(data[i]);
                  }
                  return;
              }
  
              if (value = self.registerOption(data)) {
                  self.userOptions[value] = true;
                  self.lastQuery = null;
                  self.trigger('option_add', value, data);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Registers an option to the pool of options.
           *
           * @param {object} data
           * @return {boolean|string}
           */
          registerOption: function(data) {
              var key = hash_key(data[this.settings.valueField]);
              if (typeof key === 'undefined' || key === null || this.options.hasOwnProperty(key)) return false;
              data.$order = data.$order || ++this.order;
              this.options[key] = data;
              return key;
          },
  
          /**
           * Registers an option group to the pool of option groups.
           *
           * @param {object} data
           * @return {boolean|string}
           */
          registerOptionGroup: function(data) {
              var key = hash_key(data[this.settings.optgroupValueField]);
              if (!key) return false;
  
              data.$order = data.$order || ++this.order;
              this.optgroups[key] = data;
              return key;
          },
  
          /**
           * Registers a new optgroup for options
           * to be bucketed into.
           *
           * @param {string} id
           * @param {object} data
           */
          addOptionGroup: function(id, data) {
              data[this.settings.optgroupValueField] = id;
              if (id = this.registerOptionGroup(data)) {
                  this.trigger('optgroup_add', id, data);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Removes an existing option group.
           *
           * @param {string} id
           */
          removeOptionGroup: function(id) {
              if (this.optgroups.hasOwnProperty(id)) {
                  delete this.optgroups[id];
                  this.renderCache = {};
                  this.trigger('optgroup_remove', id);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Clears all existing option groups.
           */
          clearOptionGroups: function() {
              this.optgroups = {};
              this.renderCache = {};
              this.trigger('optgroup_clear');
          },
  
          /**
           * Updates an option available for selection. If
           * it is visible in the selected items or options
           * dropdown, it will be re-rendered automatically.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @param {object} data
           */
          updateOption: function(value, data) {
              var self = this;
              var $item, $item_new;
              var value_new, index_item, cache_items, cache_options, order_old;
  
              value     = hash_key(value);
              value_new = hash_key(data[self.settings.valueField]);
  
              // sanity checks
              if (value === null) return;
              if (!self.options.hasOwnProperty(value)) return;
              if (typeof value_new !== 'string') throw new Error('Value must be set in option data');
  
              order_old = self.options[value].$order;
  
              // update references
              if (value_new !== value) {
                  delete self.options[value];
                  index_item = self.items.indexOf(value);
                  if (index_item !== -1) {
                      self.items.splice(index_item, 1, value_new);
                  }
              }
              data.$order = data.$order || order_old;
              self.options[value_new] = data;
  
              // invalidate render cache
              cache_items = self.renderCache['item'];
              cache_options = self.renderCache['option'];
  
              if (cache_items) {
                  delete cache_items[value];
                  delete cache_items[value_new];
              }
              if (cache_options) {
                  delete cache_options[value];
                  delete cache_options[value_new];
              }
  
              // update the item if it's selected
              if (self.items.indexOf(value_new) !== -1) {
                  $item = self.getItem(value);
                  $item_new = $(self.render('item', data));
                  if ($item.hasClass('active')) $item_new.addClass('active');
                  $item.replaceWith($item_new);
              }
  
              // invalidate last query because we might have updated the sortField
              self.lastQuery = null;
  
              // update dropdown contents
              if (self.isOpen) {
                  self.refreshOptions(false);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Removes a single option.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @param {boolean} silent
           */
          removeOption: function(value, silent) {
              var self = this;
              value = hash_key(value);
  
              var cache_items = self.renderCache['item'];
              var cache_options = self.renderCache['option'];
              if (cache_items) delete cache_items[value];
              if (cache_options) delete cache_options[value];
  
              delete self.userOptions[value];
              delete self.options[value];
              self.lastQuery = null;
              self.trigger('option_remove', value);
              self.removeItem(value, silent);
          },
  
          /**
           * Clears all options.
           */
          clearOptions: function() {
              var self = this;
  
              self.loadedSearches = {};
              self.userOptions = {};
              self.renderCache = {};
              var options = self.options;
              $.each(self.options, function(key, value) {
                  if(self.items.indexOf(key) == -1) {
                      delete options[key];
                  }
              });
              self.options = self.sifter.items = options;
              self.lastQuery = null;
              self.trigger('option_clear');
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns the jQuery element of the option
           * matching the given value.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @returns {object}
           */
          getOption: function(value) {
              return this.getElementWithValue(value, this.$dropdown_content.find('[data-selectable]'));
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns the jQuery element of the next or
           * previous selectable option.
           *
           * @param {object} $option
           * @param {int} direction  can be 1 for next or -1 for previous
           * @return {object}
           */
          getAdjacentOption: function($option, direction) {
              var $options = this.$dropdown.find('[data-selectable]');
              var index    = $options.index($option) + direction;
  
              return index >= 0 && index < $options.length ? $options.eq(index) : $();
          },
  
          /**
           * Finds the first element with a "data-value" attribute
           * that matches the given value.
           *
           * @param {mixed} value
           * @param {object} $els
           * @return {object}
           */
          getElementWithValue: function(value, $els) {
              value = hash_key(value);
  
              if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
                  for (var i = 0, n = $els.length; i < n; i++) {
                      if ($els[i].getAttribute('data-value') === value) {
                          return $($els[i]);
                      }
                  }
              }
  
              return $();
          },
  
          /**
           * Returns the jQuery element of the item
           * matching the given value.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @returns {object}
           */
          getItem: function(value) {
              return this.getElementWithValue(value, this.$control.children());
          },
  
          /**
           * "Selects" multiple items at once. Adds them to the list
           * at the current caret position.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @param {boolean} silent
           */
          addItems: function(values, silent) {
              this.buffer = document.createDocumentFragment();
  
              var childNodes = this.$control[0].childNodes;
              for (var i = 0; i < childNodes.length; i++) {
                  this.buffer.appendChild(childNodes[i]);
              }
  
              var items = $.isArray(values) ? values : [values];
              for (var i = 0, n = items.length; i < n; i++) {
                  this.isPending = (i < n - 1);
                  this.addItem(items[i], silent);
              }
  
              var control = this.$control[0];
              control.insertBefore(this.buffer, control.firstChild);
  
              this.buffer = null;
          },
  
          /**
           * "Selects" an item. Adds it to the list
           * at the current caret position.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @param {boolean} silent
           */
          addItem: function(value, silent) {
              var events = silent ? [] : ['change'];
  
              debounce_events(this, events, function() {
                  var $item, $option, $options;
                  var self = this;
                  var inputMode = self.settings.mode;
                  var i, active, value_next, wasFull;
                  value = hash_key(value);
  
                  if (self.items.indexOf(value) !== -1) {
                      if (inputMode === 'single') self.close();
                      return;
                  }
  
                  if (!self.options.hasOwnProperty(value)) return;
                  if (inputMode === 'single') self.clear(silent);
                  if (inputMode === 'multi' && self.isFull()) return;
  
                  $item = $(self.render('item', self.options[value]));
                  wasFull = self.isFull();
                  self.items.splice(self.caretPos, 0, value);
                  self.insertAtCaret($item);
                  if (!self.isPending || (!wasFull && self.isFull())) {
                      self.refreshState();
                  }
  
                  if (self.isSetup) {
                      $options = self.$dropdown_content.find('[data-selectable]');
  
                      // update menu / remove the option (if this is not one item being added as part of series)
                      if (!self.isPending) {
                          $option = self.getOption(value);
                          value_next = self.getAdjacentOption($option, 1).attr('data-value');
                          self.refreshOptions(self.isFocused && inputMode !== 'single');
                          if (value_next) {
                              self.setActiveOption(self.getOption(value_next));
                          }
                      }
  
                      // hide the menu if the maximum number of items have been selected or no options are left
                      if (!$options.length || self.isFull()) {
                          self.close();
                      } else if (!self.isPending) {
                          self.positionDropdown();
                      }
  
                      self.updatePlaceholder();
                      self.trigger('item_add', value, $item);
  
                      if (!self.isPending) {
                          self.updateOriginalInput({silent: silent});
                      }
                  }
              });
          },
  
          /**
           * Removes the selected item matching
           * the provided value.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           */
          removeItem: function(value, silent) {
              var self = this;
              var $item, i, idx;
  
              $item = (value instanceof $) ? value : self.getItem(value);
              value = hash_key($item.attr('data-value'));
              i = self.items.indexOf(value);
  
              if (i !== -1) {
                  $item.remove();
                  if ($item.hasClass('active')) {
                      idx = self.$activeItems.indexOf($item[0]);
                      self.$activeItems.splice(idx, 1);
                  }
  
                  self.items.splice(i, 1);
                  self.lastQuery = null;
                  if (!self.settings.persist && self.userOptions.hasOwnProperty(value)) {
                      self.removeOption(value, silent);
                  }
  
                  if (i < self.caretPos) {
                      self.setCaret(self.caretPos - 1);
                  }
  
                  self.refreshState();
                  self.updatePlaceholder();
                  self.updateOriginalInput({silent: silent});
                  self.positionDropdown();
                  self.trigger('item_remove', value, $item);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Invokes the `create` method provided in the
           * selectize options that should provide the data
           * for the new item, given the user input.
           *
           * Once this completes, it will be added
           * to the item list.
           *
           * @param {string} value
           * @param {boolean} [triggerDropdown]
           * @param {function} [callback]
           * @return {boolean}
           */
          createItem: function(input, triggerDropdown) {
              var self  = this;
              var caret = self.caretPos;
              input = input || $.trim(self.$control_input.val() || '');
  
              var callback = arguments[arguments.length - 1];
              if (typeof callback !== 'function') callback = function() {};
  
              if (typeof triggerDropdown !== 'boolean') {
                  triggerDropdown = true;
              }
  
              if (!self.canCreate(input)) {
                  callback();
                  return false;
              }
  
              self.lock();
  
              var setup = (typeof self.settings.create === 'function') ? this.settings.create : function(input) {
                  var data = {};
                  data[self.settings.labelField] = input;
                  data[self.settings.valueField] = input;
                  return data;
              };
  
              var create = once(function(data) {
                  self.unlock();
  
                  if (!data || typeof data !== 'object') return callback();
                  var value = hash_key(data[self.settings.valueField]);
                  if (typeof value !== 'string') return callback();
  
                  self.setTextboxValue('');
                  self.addOption(data);
                  self.setCaret(caret);
                  self.addItem(value);
                  self.refreshOptions(triggerDropdown && self.settings.mode !== 'single');
                  callback(data);
              });
  
              var output = setup.apply(this, [input, create]);
              if (typeof output !== 'undefined') {
                  create(output);
              }
  
              return true;
          },
  
          /**
           * Re-renders the selected item lists.
           */
          refreshItems: function() {
              this.lastQuery = null;
  
              if (this.isSetup) {
                  this.addItem(this.items);
              }
  
              this.refreshState();
              this.updateOriginalInput();
          },
  
          /**
           * Updates all state-dependent attributes
           * and CSS classes.
           */
          refreshState: function() {
              this.refreshValidityState();
              this.refreshClasses();
          },
  
          /**
           * Update the `required` attribute of both input and control input.
           *
           * The `required` property needs to be activated on the control input
           * for the error to be displayed at the right place. `required` also
           * needs to be temporarily deactivated on the input since the input is
           * hidden and can't show errors.
           */
          refreshValidityState: function() {
              if (!this.isRequired) return false;
  
              var invalid = !this.items.length;
  
              this.isInvalid = invalid;
              this.$control_input.prop('required', invalid);
              this.$input.prop('required', !invalid);
          },
  
          /**
           * Updates all state-dependent CSS classes.
           */
          refreshClasses: function() {
              var self     = this;
              var isFull   = self.isFull();
              var isLocked = self.isLocked;
  
              self.$wrapper
                  .toggleClass('rtl', self.rtl);
  
              self.$control
                  .toggleClass('focus', self.isFocused)
                  .toggleClass('disabled', self.isDisabled)
                  .toggleClass('required', self.isRequired)
                  .toggleClass('invalid', self.isInvalid)
                  .toggleClass('locked', isLocked)
                  .toggleClass('full', isFull).toggleClass('not-full', !isFull)
                  .toggleClass('input-active', self.isFocused && !self.isInputHidden)
                  .toggleClass('dropdown-active', self.isOpen)
                  .toggleClass('has-options', !$.isEmptyObject(self.options))
                  .toggleClass('has-items', self.items.length > 0);
  
              self.$control_input.data('grow', !isFull && !isLocked);
          },
  
          /**
           * Determines whether or not more items can be added
           * to the control without exceeding the user-defined maximum.
           *
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          isFull: function() {
              return this.settings.maxItems !== null && this.items.length >= this.settings.maxItems;
          },
  
          /**
           * Refreshes the original <select> or <input>
           * element to reflect the current state.
           */
          updateOriginalInput: function(opts) {
              var i, n, options, label, self = this;
              opts = opts || {};
  
              if (self.tagType === TAG_SELECT) {
                  options = [];
                  for (i = 0, n = self.items.length; i < n; i++) {
                      label = self.options[self.items[i]][self.settings.labelField] || '';
                      options.push('<option value="' + escape_html(self.items[i]) + '" selected="selected">' + escape_html(label) + '</option>');
                  }
                  if (!options.length && !this.$input.attr('multiple')) {
                      options.push('<option value="" selected="selected"></option>');
                  }
                  self.$input.html(options.join(''));
              } else {
                  self.$input.val(self.getValue());
                  self.$input.attr('value',self.$input.val());
              }
  
              if (self.isSetup) {
                  if (!opts.silent) {
                      self.trigger('change', self.$input.val());
                  }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Shows/hide the input placeholder depending
           * on if there items in the list already.
           */
          updatePlaceholder: function() {
              if (!this.settings.placeholder) return;
              var $input = this.$control_input;
  
              if (this.items.length) {
                  $input.removeAttr('placeholder');
              } else {
                  $input.attr('placeholder', this.settings.placeholder);
              }
              $input.triggerHandler('update', {force: true});
          },
  
          /**
           * Shows the autocomplete dropdown containing
           * the available options.
           */
          open: function() {
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.isLocked || self.isOpen || (self.settings.mode === 'multi' && self.isFull())) return;
              self.focus();
              self.isOpen = true;
              self.refreshState();
              self.$dropdown.css({visibility: 'hidden', display: 'block'});
              self.positionDropdown();
              self.$dropdown.css({visibility: 'visible'});
              self.trigger('dropdown_open', self.$dropdown);
          },
  
          /**
           * Closes the autocomplete dropdown menu.
           */
          close: function() {
              var self = this;
              var trigger = self.isOpen;
  
              if (self.settings.mode === 'single' && self.items.length) {
                  self.hideInput();
  
                  // Do not trigger blur while inside a blur event,
                  // this fixes some weird tabbing behavior in FF and IE.
                  // See #1164
                  if (!self.isBlurring) {
                      self.$control_input.blur(); // close keyboard on iOS
                  }
              }
  
              self.isOpen = false;
              self.$dropdown.hide();
              self.setActiveOption(null);
              self.refreshState();
  
              if (trigger) self.trigger('dropdown_close', self.$dropdown);
          },
  
          /**
           * Calculates and applies the appropriate
           * position of the dropdown.
           */
          positionDropdown: function() {
              var $control = this.$control;
              var offset = this.settings.dropdownParent === 'body' ? $control.offset() : $control.position();
              offset.top += $control.outerHeight(true);
  
              this.$dropdown.css({
                  width : $control[0].getBoundingClientRect().width,
                  top   : offset.top,
                  left  : offset.left
              });
          },
  
          /**
           * Resets / clears all selected items
           * from the control.
           *
           * @param {boolean} silent
           */
          clear: function(silent) {
              var self = this;
  
              if (!self.items.length) return;
              self.$control.children(':not(input)').remove();
              self.items = [];
              self.lastQuery = null;
              self.setCaret(0);
              self.setActiveItem(null);
              self.updatePlaceholder();
              self.updateOriginalInput({silent: silent});
              self.refreshState();
              self.showInput();
              self.trigger('clear');
          },
  
          /**
           * A helper method for inserting an element
           * at the current caret position.
           *
           * @param {object} $el
           */
          insertAtCaret: function($el) {
              var caret = Math.min(this.caretPos, this.items.length);
              var el = $el[0];
              var target = this.buffer || this.$control[0];
  
              if (caret === 0) {
                  target.insertBefore(el, target.firstChild);
              } else {
                  target.insertBefore(el, target.childNodes[caret]);
              }
  
              this.setCaret(caret + 1);
          },
  
          /**
           * Removes the current selected item(s).
           *
           * @param {object} e (optional)
           * @returns {boolean}
           */
          deleteSelection: function(e) {
              var i, n, direction, selection, values, caret, option_select, $option_select, $tail;
              var self = this;
  
              direction = (e && e.keyCode === KEY_BACKSPACE) ? -1 : 1;
              selection = getSelection(self.$control_input[0]);
  
              if (self.$activeOption && !self.settings.hideSelected) {
                  option_select = self.getAdjacentOption(self.$activeOption, -1).attr('data-value');
              }
  
              // determine items that will be removed
              values = [];
  
              if (self.$activeItems.length) {
                  $tail = self.$control.children('.active:' + (direction > 0 ? 'last' : 'first'));
                  caret = self.$control.children(':not(input)').index($tail);
                  if (direction > 0) { caret++; }
  
                  for (i = 0, n = self.$activeItems.length; i < n; i++) {
                      values.push($(self.$activeItems[i]).attr('data-value'));
                  }
                  if (e) {
                      e.preventDefault();
                      e.stopPropagation();
                  }
              } else if ((self.isFocused || self.settings.mode === 'single') && self.items.length) {
                  if (direction < 0 && selection.start === 0 && selection.length === 0) {
                      values.push(self.items[self.caretPos - 1]);
                  } else if (direction > 0 && selection.start === self.$control_input.val().length) {
                      values.push(self.items[self.caretPos]);
                  }
              }
  
              // allow the callback to abort
              if (!values.length || (typeof self.settings.onDelete === 'function' && self.settings.onDelete.apply(self, [values]) === false)) {
                  return false;
              }
  
              // perform removal
              if (typeof caret !== 'undefined') {
                  self.setCaret(caret);
              }
              while (values.length) {
                  self.removeItem(values.pop());
              }
  
              self.showInput();
              self.positionDropdown();
              self.refreshOptions(true);
  
              // select previous option
              if (option_select) {
                  $option_select = self.getOption(option_select);
                  if ($option_select.length) {
                      self.setActiveOption($option_select);
                  }
              }
  
              return true;
          },
  
          /**
           * Selects the previous / next item (depending
           * on the `direction` argument).
           *
           * > 0 - right
           * < 0 - left
           *
           * @param {int} direction
           * @param {object} e (optional)
           */
          advanceSelection: function(direction, e) {
              var tail, selection, idx, valueLength, cursorAtEdge, $tail;
              var self = this;
  
              if (direction === 0) return;
              if (self.rtl) direction *= -1;
  
              tail = direction > 0 ? 'last' : 'first';
              selection = getSelection(self.$control_input[0]);
  
              if (self.isFocused && !self.isInputHidden) {
                  valueLength = self.$control_input.val().length;
                  cursorAtEdge = direction < 0
                      ? selection.start === 0 && selection.length === 0
                      : selection.start === valueLength;
  
                  if (cursorAtEdge && !valueLength) {
                      self.advanceCaret(direction, e);
                  }
              } else {
                  $tail = self.$control.children('.active:' + tail);
                  if ($tail.length) {
                      idx = self.$control.children(':not(input)').index($tail);
                      self.setActiveItem(null);
                      self.setCaret(direction > 0 ? idx + 1 : idx);
                  }
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Moves the caret left / right.
           *
           * @param {int} direction
           * @param {object} e (optional)
           */
          advanceCaret: function(direction, e) {
              var self = this, fn, $adj;
  
              if (direction === 0) return;
  
              fn = direction > 0 ? 'next' : 'prev';
              if (self.isShiftDown) {
                  $adj = self.$control_input[fn]();
                  if ($adj.length) {
                      self.hideInput();
                      self.setActiveItem($adj);
                      e && e.preventDefault();
                  }
              } else {
                  self.setCaret(self.caretPos + direction);
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Moves the caret to the specified index.
           *
           * @param {int} i
           */
          setCaret: function(i) {
              var self = this;
  
              if (self.settings.mode === 'single') {
                  i = self.items.length;
              } else {
                  i = Math.max(0, Math.min(self.items.length, i));
              }
  
              if(!self.isPending) {
                  // the input must be moved by leaving it in place and moving the
                  // siblings, due to the fact that focus cannot be restored once lost
                  // on mobile webkit devices
                  var j, n, fn, $children, $child;
                  $children = self.$control.children(':not(input)');
                  for (j = 0, n = $children.length; j < n; j++) {
                      $child = $($children[j]).detach();
                      if (j <  i) {
                          self.$control_input.before($child);
                      } else {
                          self.$control.append($child);
                      }
                  }
              }
  
              self.caretPos = i;
          },
  
          /**
           * Disables user input on the control. Used while
           * items are being asynchronously created.
           */
          lock: function() {
              this.close();
              this.isLocked = true;
              this.refreshState();
          },
  
          /**
           * Re-enables user input on the control.
           */
          unlock: function() {
              this.isLocked = false;
              this.refreshState();
          },
  
          /**
           * Disables user input on the control completely.
           * While disabled, it cannot receive focus.
           */
          disable: function() {
              var self = this;
              self.$input.prop('disabled', true);
              self.$control_input.prop('disabled', true).prop('tabindex', -1);
              self.isDisabled = true;
              self.lock();
          },
  
          /**
           * Enables the control so that it can respond
           * to focus and user input.
           */
          enable: function() {
              var self = this;
              self.$input.prop('disabled', false);
              self.$control_input.prop('disabled', false).prop('tabindex', self.tabIndex);
              self.isDisabled = false;
              self.unlock();
          },
  
          /**
           * Completely destroys the control and
           * unbinds all event listeners so that it can
           * be garbage collected.
           */
          destroy: function() {
              var self = this;
              var eventNS = self.eventNS;
              var revertSettings = self.revertSettings;
  
              self.trigger('destroy');
              self.off();
              self.$wrapper.remove();
              self.$dropdown.remove();
  
              self.$input
                  .html('')
                  .append(revertSettings.$children)
                  .removeAttr('tabindex')
                  .removeClass('selectized')
                  .attr({tabindex: revertSettings.tabindex})
                  .show();
  
              self.$control_input.removeData('grow');
              self.$input.removeData('selectize');
  
              if (--Selectize.count == 0 && Selectize.$testInput) {
                  Selectize.$testInput.remove();
                  Selectize.$testInput = undefined;
              }
  
              $(window).off(eventNS);
              $(document).off(eventNS);
              $(document.body).off(eventNS);
  
              delete self.$input[0].selectize;
          },
  
          /**
           * A helper method for rendering "item" and
           * "option" templates, given the data.
           *
           * @param {string} templateName
           * @param {object} data
           * @returns {string}
           */
          render: function(templateName, data) {
              var value, id, label;
              var html = '';
              var cache = false;
              var self = this;
              var regex_tag = /^[\t \r\n]*<([a-z][a-z0-9\-_]*(?:\:[a-z][a-z0-9\-_]*)?)/i;
  
              if (templateName === 'option' || templateName === 'item') {
                  value = hash_key(data[self.settings.valueField]);
                  cache = !!value;
              }
  
              // pull markup from cache if it exists
              if (cache) {
                  if (!isset(self.renderCache[templateName])) {
                      self.renderCache[templateName] = {};
                  }
                  if (self.renderCache[templateName].hasOwnProperty(value)) {
                      return self.renderCache[templateName][value];
                  }
              }
  
              // render markup
              html = $(self.settings.render[templateName].apply(this, [data, escape_html]));
  
              // add mandatory attributes
              if (templateName === 'option' || templateName === 'option_create') {
                  if (!data[self.settings.disabledField]) {
                      html.attr('data-selectable', '');
                  }
              }
              else if (templateName === 'optgroup') {
                  id = data[self.settings.optgroupValueField] || '';
                  html.attr('data-group', id);
                  if(data[self.settings.disabledField]) {
                      html.attr('data-disabled', '');
                  }
              }
              if (templateName === 'option' || templateName === 'item') {
                  html.attr('data-value', value || '');
              }
  
              // update cache
              if (cache) {
                  self.renderCache[templateName][value] = html[0];
              }
  
              return html[0];
          },
  
          /**
           * Clears the render cache for a template. If
           * no template is given, clears all render
           * caches.
           *
           * @param {string} templateName
           */
          clearCache: function(templateName) {
              var self = this;
              if (typeof templateName === 'undefined') {
                  self.renderCache = {};
              } else {
                  delete self.renderCache[templateName];
              }
          },
  
          /**
           * Determines whether or not to display the
           * create item prompt, given a user input.
           *
           * @param {string} input
           * @return {boolean}
           */
          canCreate: function(input) {
              var self = this;
              if (!self.settings.create) return false;
              var filter = self.settings.createFilter;
              return input.length
                  && (typeof filter !== 'function' || filter.apply(self, [input]))
                  && (typeof filter !== 'string' || new RegExp(filter).test(input))
                  && (!(filter instanceof RegExp) || filter.test(input));
          }
  
      });
  
  
      Selectize.count = 0;
      Selectize.defaults = {
          options: [],
          optgroups: [],
  
          plugins: [],
          delimiter: ',',
          splitOn: null, // regexp or string for splitting up values from a paste command
          persist: true,
          diacritics: true,
          create: false,
          createOnBlur: false,
          createFilter: null,
          highlight: true,
          openOnFocus: true,
          maxOptions: 1000,
          maxItems: null,
          hideSelected: null,
          addPrecedence: false,
          selectOnTab: false,
          preload: false,
          allowEmptyOption: false,
          closeAfterSelect: false,
  
          scrollDuration: 60,
          loadThrottle: 300,
          loadingClass: 'loading',
  
          dataAttr: 'data-data',
          optgroupField: 'optgroup',
          valueField: 'value',
          labelField: 'text',
          disabledField: 'disabled',
          optgroupLabelField: 'label',
          optgroupValueField: 'value',
          lockOptgroupOrder: false,
  
          sortField: '$order',
          searchField: ['text'],
          searchConjunction: 'and',
  
          mode: null,
          wrapperClass: 'selectize-control',
          inputClass: 'selectize-input',
          dropdownClass: 'selectize-dropdown',
          dropdownContentClass: 'selectize-dropdown-content',
  
          dropdownParent: null,
  
          copyClassesToDropdown: true,
  
          /*
  		load                 : null, // function(query, callback) { ... }
  		score                : null, // function(search) { ... }
  		onInitialize         : null, // function() { ... }
  		onChange             : null, // function(value) { ... }
  		onItemAdd            : null, // function(value, $item) { ... }
  		onItemRemove         : null, // function(value) { ... }
  		onClear              : null, // function() { ... }
  		onOptionAdd          : null, // function(value, data) { ... }
  		onOptionRemove       : null, // function(value) { ... }
  		onOptionClear        : null, // function() { ... }
  		onOptionGroupAdd     : null, // function(id, data) { ... }
  		onOptionGroupRemove  : null, // function(id) { ... }
  		onOptionGroupClear   : null, // function() { ... }
  		onDropdownOpen       : null, // function($dropdown) { ... }
  		onDropdownClose      : null, // function($dropdown) { ... }
  		onType               : null, // function(str) { ... }
  		onDelete             : null, // function(values) { ... }
  		*/
  
          render: {
              /*
  			item: null,
  			optgroup: null,
  			optgroup_header: null,
  			option: null,
  			option_create: null
  			*/
          }
      };
  
  
      $.fn.selectize = function(settings_user) {
          var defaults             = $.fn.selectize.defaults;
          var settings             = $.extend({}, defaults, settings_user);
          var attr_data            = settings.dataAttr;
          var field_label          = settings.labelField;
          var field_value          = settings.valueField;
          var field_disabled       = settings.disabledField;
          var field_optgroup       = settings.optgroupField;
          var field_optgroup_label = settings.optgroupLabelField;
          var field_optgroup_value = settings.optgroupValueField;
  
          /**
           * Initializes selectize from a <input type="text"> element.
           *
           * @param {object} $input
           * @param {object} settings_element
           */
          var init_textbox = function($input, settings_element) {
              var i, n, values, option;
  
              var data_raw = $input.attr(attr_data);
  
              if (!data_raw) {
                  var value = $.trim($input.val() || '');
                  if (!settings.allowEmptyOption && !value.length) return;
                  values = value.split(settings.delimiter);
                  for (i = 0, n = values.length; i < n; i++) {
                      option = {};
                      option[field_label] = values[i];
                      option[field_value] = values[i];
                      settings_element.options.push(option);
                  }
                  settings_element.items = values;
              } else {
                  settings_element.options = JSON.parse(data_raw);
                  for (i = 0, n = settings_element.options.length; i < n; i++) {
                      settings_element.items.push(settings_element.options[i][field_value]);
                  }
              }
          };
  
          /**
           * Initializes selectize from a <select> element.
           *
           * @param {object} $input
           * @param {object} settings_element
           */
          var init_select = function($input, settings_element) {
              var i, n, tagName, $children, order = 0;
              var options = settings_element.options;
              var optionsMap = {};
  
              var readData = function($el) {
                  var data = attr_data && $el.attr(attr_data);
                  if (typeof data === 'string' && data.length) {
                      return JSON.parse(data);
                  }
                  return null;
              };
  
              var addOption = function($option, group) {
                  $option = $($option);
  
                  var value = hash_key($option.val());
                  if (!value && !settings.allowEmptyOption) return;
  
                  // if the option already exists, it's probably been
                  // duplicated in another optgroup. in this case, push
                  // the current group to the "optgroup" property on the
                  // existing option so that it's rendered in both places.
                  if (optionsMap.hasOwnProperty(value)) {
                      if (group) {
                          var arr = optionsMap[value][field_optgroup];
                          if (!arr) {
                              optionsMap[value][field_optgroup] = group;
                          } else if (!$.isArray(arr)) {
                              optionsMap[value][field_optgroup] = [arr, group];
                          } else {
                              arr.push(group);
                          }
                      }
                      return;
                  }
  
                  var option             = readData($option) || {};
                  option[field_label]    = option[field_label] || $option.text();
                  option[field_value]    = option[field_value] || value;
                  option[field_disabled] = option[field_disabled] || $option.prop('disabled');
                  option[field_optgroup] = option[field_optgroup] || group;
  
                  optionsMap[value] = option;
                  options.push(option);
  
                  if ($option.is(':selected')) {
                      settings_element.items.push(value);
                  }
              };
  
              var addGroup = function($optgroup) {
                  var i, n, id, optgroup, $options;
  
                  $optgroup = $($optgroup);
                  id = $optgroup.attr('label');
  
                  if (id) {
                      optgroup = readData($optgroup) || {};
                      optgroup[field_optgroup_label] = id;
                      optgroup[field_optgroup_value] = id;
                      optgroup[field_disabled] = $optgroup.prop('disabled');
                      settings_element.optgroups.push(optgroup);
                  }
  
                  $options = $('option', $optgroup);
                  for (i = 0, n = $options.length; i < n; i++) {
                      addOption($options[i], id);
                  }
              };
  
              settings_element.maxItems = $input.attr('multiple') ? null : 1;
  
              $children = $input.children();
              for (i = 0, n = $children.length; i < n; i++) {
                  tagName = $children[i].tagName.toLowerCase();
                  if (tagName === 'optgroup') {
                      addGroup($children[i]);
                  } else if (tagName === 'option') {
                      addOption($children[i]);
                  }
              }
          };
  
          return this.each(function() {
              if (this.selectize) return;
  
              var instance;
              var $input = $(this);
              var tag_name = this.tagName.toLowerCase();
              var placeholder = $input.attr('placeholder') || $input.attr('data-placeholder');
              if (!placeholder && !settings.allowEmptyOption) {
                  placeholder = $input.children('option[value=""]').text();
              }
  
              var settings_element = {
                  'placeholder' : placeholder,
                  'options'     : [],
                  'optgroups'   : [],
                  'items'       : []
              };
  
              if (tag_name === 'select') {
                  init_select($input, settings_element);
              } else {
                  init_textbox($input, settings_element);
              }
  
              instance = new Selectize($input, $.extend(true, {}, defaults, settings_element, settings_user));
          });
      };
  
      $.fn.selectize.defaults = Selectize.defaults;
      $.fn.selectize.support = {
          validity: SUPPORTS_VALIDITY_API
      };
  
  
      Selectize.define('drag_drop', function(options) {
          if (!$.fn.sortable) throw new Error('The "drag_drop" plugin requires jQuery UI "sortable".');
          if (this.settings.mode !== 'multi') return;
          var self = this;
  
          self.lock = (function() {
              var original = self.lock;
              return function() {
                  var sortable = self.$control.data('sortable');
                  if (sortable) sortable.disable();
                  return original.apply(self, arguments);
              };
          })();
  
          self.unlock = (function() {
              var original = self.unlock;
              return function() {
                  var sortable = self.$control.data('sortable');
                  if (sortable) sortable.enable();
                  return original.apply(self, arguments);
              };
          })();
  
          self.setup = (function() {
              var original = self.setup;
              return function() {
                  original.apply(this, arguments);
  
                  var $control = self.$control.sortable({
                      items: '[data-value]',
                      forcePlaceholderSize: true,
                      disabled: self.isLocked,
                      start: function(e, ui) {
                          ui.placeholder.css('width', ui.helper.css('width'));
                          $control.css({overflow: 'visible'});
                      },
                      stop: function() {
                          $control.css({overflow: 'hidden'});
                          var active = self.$activeItems ? self.$activeItems.slice() : null;
                          var values = [];
                          $control.children('[data-value]').each(function() {
                              values.push($(this).attr('data-value'));
                          });
                          self.setValue(values);
                          self.setActiveItem(active);
                      }
                  });
              };
          })();
  
      });
  
      Selectize.define('dropdown_header', function(options) {
          var self = this;
  
          options = $.extend({
              title         : 'Untitled',
              headerClass   : 'selectize-dropdown-header',
              titleRowClass : 'selectize-dropdown-header-title',
              labelClass    : 'selectize-dropdown-header-label',
              closeClass    : 'selectize-dropdown-header-close',
  
              html: function(data) {
                  return (
                      '<div class="' + data.headerClass + '">' +
                      '<div class="' + data.titleRowClass + '">' +
                      '<span class="' + data.labelClass + '">' + data.title + '</span>' +
                      '<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="' + data.closeClass + '">&times;</a>' +
                      '</div>' +
                      '</div>'
                  );
              }
          }, options);
  
          self.setup = (function() {
              var original = self.setup;
              return function() {
                  original.apply(self, arguments);
                  self.$dropdown_header = $(options.html(options));
                  self.$dropdown.prepend(self.$dropdown_header);
              };
          })();
  
      });
  
      Selectize.define('optgroup_columns', function(options) {
          var self = this;
  
          options = $.extend({
              equalizeWidth  : true,
              equalizeHeight : true
          }, options);
  
          this.getAdjacentOption = function($option, direction) {
              var $options = $option.closest('[data-group]').find('[data-selectable]');
              var index    = $options.index($option) + direction;
  
              return index >= 0 && index < $options.length ? $options.eq(index) : $();
          };
  
          this.onKeyDown = (function() {
              var original = self.onKeyDown;
              return function(e) {
                  var index, $option, $options, $optgroup;
  
                  if (this.isOpen && (e.keyCode === KEY_LEFT || e.keyCode === KEY_RIGHT)) {
                      self.ignoreHover = true;
                      $optgroup = this.$activeOption.closest('[data-group]');
                      index = $optgroup.find('[data-selectable]').index(this.$activeOption);
  
                      if(e.keyCode === KEY_LEFT) {
                          $optgroup = $optgroup.prev('[data-group]');
                      } else {
                          $optgroup = $optgroup.next('[data-group]');
                      }
  
                      $options = $optgroup.find('[data-selectable]');
                      $option  = $options.eq(Math.min($options.length - 1, index));
                      if ($option.length) {
                          this.setActiveOption($option);
                      }
                      return;
                  }
  
                  return original.apply(this, arguments);
              };
          })();
  
          var getScrollbarWidth = function() {
              var div;
              var width = getScrollbarWidth.width;
              var doc = document;
  
              if (typeof width === 'undefined') {
                  div = doc.createElement('div');
                  div.innerHTML = '<div style="width:50px;height:50px;position:absolute;left:-50px;top:-50px;overflow:auto;"><div style="width:1px;height:100px;"></div></div>';
                  div = div.firstChild;
                  doc.body.appendChild(div);
                  width = getScrollbarWidth.width = div.offsetWidth - div.clientWidth;
                  doc.body.removeChild(div);
              }
              return width;
          };
  
          var equalizeSizes = function() {
              var i, n, height_max, width, width_last, width_parent, $optgroups;
  
              $optgroups = $('[data-group]', self.$dropdown_content);
              n = $optgroups.length;
              if (!n || !self.$dropdown_content.width()) return;
  
              if (options.equalizeHeight) {
                  height_max = 0;
                  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                      height_max = Math.max(height_max, $optgroups.eq(i).height());
                  }
                  $optgroups.css({height: height_max});
              }
  
              if (options.equalizeWidth) {
                  width_parent = self.$dropdown_content.innerWidth() - getScrollbarWidth();
                  width = Math.round(width_parent / n);
                  $optgroups.css({width: width});
                  if (n > 1) {
                      width_last = width_parent - width * (n - 1);
                      $optgroups.eq(n - 1).css({width: width_last});
                  }
              }
          };
  
          if (options.equalizeHeight || options.equalizeWidth) {
              hook.after(this, 'positionDropdown', equalizeSizes);
              hook.after(this, 'refreshOptions', equalizeSizes);
          }
  
  
      });
  
      Selectize.define('remove_button', function(options) {
          options = $.extend({
              label     : '&times;',
              title     : 'Remove',
              className : 'remove',
              append    : true
          }, options);
  
          var singleClose = function(thisRef, options) {
  
              options.className = 'remove-single';
  
              var self = thisRef;
              var html = '<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="' + options.className + '" tabindex="-1" title="' + escape_html(options.title) + '">' + options.label + '</a>';
  
              /**
               * Appends an element as a child (with raw HTML).
               *
               * @param {string} html_container
               * @param {string} html_element
               * @return {string}
               */
              var append = function(html_container, html_element) {
                  return $('<span>').append(html_container)
                      .append(html_element);
              };
  
              thisRef.setup = (function() {
                  var original = self.setup;
                  return function() {
                      // override the item rendering method to add the button to each
                      if (options.append) {
                          var id = $(self.$input.context).attr('id');
                          var selectizer = $('#'+id);
  
                          var render_item = self.settings.render.item;
                          self.settings.render.item = function(data) {
                              return append(render_item.apply(thisRef, arguments), html);
                          };
                      }
  
                      original.apply(thisRef, arguments);
  
                      // add event listener
                      thisRef.$control.on('click', '.' + options.className, function(e) {
                          e.preventDefault();
                          if (self.isLocked) return;
  
                          self.clear();
                      });
  
                  };
              })();
          };
  
          var multiClose = function(thisRef, options) {
  
              var self = thisRef;
              var html = '<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="' + options.className + '" tabindex="-1" title="' + escape_html(options.title) + '">' + options.label + '</a>';
  
              /**
               * Appends an element as a child (with raw HTML).
               *
               * @param {string} html_container
               * @param {string} html_element
               * @return {string}
               */
              var append = function(html_container, html_element) {
                  var pos = html_container.search(/(<\/[^>]+>\s*)$/);
                  return html_container.substring(0, pos) + html_element + html_container.substring(pos);
              };
  
              thisRef.setup = (function() {
                  var original = self.setup;
                  return function() {
                      // override the item rendering method to add the button to each
                      if (options.append) {
                          var render_item = self.settings.render.item;
                          self.settings.render.item = function(data) {
                              return append(render_item.apply(thisRef, arguments), html);
                          };
                      }
  
                      original.apply(thisRef, arguments);
  
                      // add event listener
                      thisRef.$control.on('click', '.' + options.className, function(e) {
                          e.preventDefault();
                          if (self.isLocked) return;
  
                          var $item = $(e.currentTarget).parent();
                          self.setActiveItem($item);
                          if (self.deleteSelection()) {
                              self.setCaret(self.items.length);
                          }
                      });
  
                  };
              })();
          };
  
          if (this.settings.mode === 'single') {
              singleClose(this, options);
              return;
          } else {
              multiClose(this, options);
          }
      });
  
  
      Selectize.define('restore_on_backspace', function(options) {
          var self = this;
  
          options.text = options.text || function(option) {
              return option[this.settings.labelField];
          };
  
          this.onKeyDown = (function() {
              var original = self.onKeyDown;
              return function(e) {
                  var index, option;
                  if (e.keyCode === KEY_BACKSPACE && this.$control_input.val() === '' && !this.$activeItems.length) {
                      index = this.caretPos - 1;
                      if (index >= 0 && index < this.items.length) {
                          option = this.options[this.items[index]];
                          if (this.deleteSelection(e)) {
                              this.setTextboxValue(options.text.apply(this, [option]));
                              this.refreshOptions(true);
                          }
                          e.preventDefault();
                          return;
                      }
                  }
                  return original.apply(this, arguments);
              };
          })();
      });
  
  
      return Selectize;
  }));