text: """Guess the MIME type of a file.
  
  This module defines two useful functions:
  
  guess_type(url, strict=True) -- guess the MIME type and encoding of a URL.
  
  guess_extension(type, strict=True) -- guess the extension for a given MIME type.
  
  It also contains the following, for tuning the behavior:
  
  Data:
  
  knownfiles -- list of files to parse
  inited -- flag set when init() has been called
  suffix_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to suffixes
  encodings_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to encodings
  types_map -- dictionary mapping suffixes to types
  
  Functions:
  
  init([files]) -- parse a list of files, default knownfiles (on Windows, the
    default values are taken from the registry)
  read_mime_types(file) -- parse one file, return a dictionary or None
  """
  
  import os
  import sys
  import posixpath
  import urllib.parse
  try:
      import winreg as _winreg
  except ImportError:
      _winreg = None
  
  __all__ = [
      "knownfiles", "inited", "MimeTypes",
      "guess_type", "guess_all_extensions", "guess_extension",
      "add_type", "init", "read_mime_types",
      "suffix_map", "encodings_map", "types_map", "common_types"
  ]
  
  knownfiles = [
      "/etc/mime.types",
      "/etc/httpd/mime.types",                    # Mac OS X
      "/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types",               # Apache
      "/etc/apache/mime.types",                   # Apache 1
      "/etc/apache2/mime.types",                  # Apache 2
      "/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types",
      "/usr/local/lib/netscape/mime.types",
      "/usr/local/etc/httpd/conf/mime.types",     # Apache 1.2
      "/usr/local/etc/mime.types",                # Apache 1.3
      ]
  
  inited = False
  _db = None
  
  
  class MimeTypes:
      """MIME-types datastore.
  
      This datastore can handle information from mime.types-style files
      and supports basic determination of MIME type from a filename or
      URL, and can guess a reasonable extension given a MIME type.
      """
  
      def __init__(self, filenames=(), strict=True):
          if not inited:
              init()
          self.encodings_map = _encodings_map_default.copy()
          self.suffix_map = _suffix_map_default.copy()
          self.types_map = ({}, {}) # dict for (non-strict, strict)
          self.types_map_inv = ({}, {})
          for (ext, type) in _types_map_default.items():
              self.add_type(type, ext, True)
          for (ext, type) in _common_types_default.items():
              self.add_type(type, ext, False)
          for name in filenames:
              self.read(name, strict)
  
      def add_type(self, type, ext, strict=True):
          """Add a mapping between a type and an extension.
  
          When the extension is already known, the new
          type will replace the old one. When the type
          is already known the extension will be added
          to the list of known extensions.
  
          If strict is true, information will be added to
          list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
          types.
          """
          self.types_map[strict][ext] = type
          exts = self.types_map_inv[strict].setdefault(type, [])
          if ext not in exts:
              exts.append(ext)
  
      def guess_type(self, url, strict=True):
          """Guess the type of a file which is either a URL or a path-like object.
  
          Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if
          the type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string
          of the form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type
          header; and encoding is None for no encoding or the name of
          the program used to encode (e.g. compress or gzip).  The
          mappings are table driven.  Encoding suffixes are case
          sensitive; type suffixes are first tried case sensitive, then
          case insensitive.
  
          The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all
          mapped to '.tar.gz'.  (This is table-driven too, using the
          dictionary suffix_map.)
  
          Optional `strict' argument when False adds a bunch of commonly found,
          but non-standard types.
          """
          url = os.fspath(url)
          scheme, url = urllib.parse._splittype(url)
          if scheme == 'data':
              # syntax of data URLs:
              # dataurl   := "data:" [ mediatype ] [ ";base64" ] "," data
              # mediatype := [ type "/" subtype ] *( ";" parameter )
              # data      := *urlchar
              # parameter := attribute "=" value
              # type/subtype defaults to "text/plain"
              comma = url.find(',')
              if comma < 0:
                  # bad data URL
                  return None, None
              semi = url.find(';', 0, comma)
              if semi >= 0:
                  type = url[:semi]
              else:
                  type = url[:comma]
              if '=' in type or '/' not in type:
                  type = 'text/plain'
              return type, None           # never compressed, so encoding is None
          base, ext = posixpath.splitext(url)
          while ext in self.suffix_map:
              base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base + self.suffix_map[ext])
          if ext in self.encodings_map:
              encoding = self.encodings_map[ext]
              base, ext = posixpath.splitext(base)
          else:
              encoding = None
          types_map = self.types_map[True]
          if ext in types_map:
              return types_map[ext], encoding
          elif ext.lower() in types_map:
              return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding
          elif strict:
              return None, encoding
          types_map = self.types_map[False]
          if ext in types_map:
              return types_map[ext], encoding
          elif ext.lower() in types_map:
              return types_map[ext.lower()], encoding
          else:
              return None, encoding
  
      def guess_all_extensions(self, type, strict=True):
          """Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.
  
          Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename
          extensions, including the leading dot ('.').  The extension is not
          guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data stream,
          but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by guess_type().
  
          Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
          but non-standard types.
          """
          type = type.lower()
          extensions = self.types_map_inv[True].get(type, [])
          if not strict:
              for ext in self.types_map_inv[False].get(type, []):
                  if ext not in extensions:
                      extensions.append(ext)
          return extensions
  
      def guess_extension(self, type, strict=True):
          """Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.
  
          Return value is a string giving a filename extension,
          including the leading dot ('.').  The extension is not
          guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data
          stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by
          guess_type().  If no extension can be guessed for `type', None
          is returned.
  
          Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
          but non-standard types.
          """
          extensions = self.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)
          if not extensions:
              return None
          return extensions[0]
  
      def read(self, filename, strict=True):
          """
          Read a single mime.types-format file, specified by pathname.
  
          If strict is true, information will be added to
          list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
          types.
          """
          with open(filename, encoding='utf-8') as fp:
              self.readfp(fp, strict)
  
      def readfp(self, fp, strict=True):
          """
          Read a single mime.types-format file.
  
          If strict is true, information will be added to
          list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
          types.
          """
          while 1:
              line = fp.readline()
              if not line:
                  break
              words = line.split()
              for i in range(len(words)):
                  if words[i][0] == '#':
                      del words[i:]
                      break
              if not words:
                  continue
              type, suffixes = words[0], words[1:]
              for suff in suffixes:
                  self.add_type(type, '.' + suff, strict)
  
      def read_windows_registry(self, strict=True):
          """
          Load the MIME types database from Windows registry.
  
          If strict is true, information will be added to
          list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
          types.
          """
  
          # Windows only
          if not _winreg:
              return
  
          def enum_types(mimedb):
              i = 0
              while True:
                  try:
                      ctype = _winreg.EnumKey(mimedb, i)
                  except OSError:
                      break
                  else:
                      if '\0' not in ctype:
                          yield ctype
                  i += 1
  
          with _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, '') as hkcr:
              for subkeyname in enum_types(hkcr):
                  try:
                      with _winreg.OpenKey(hkcr, subkeyname) as subkey:
                          # Only check file extensions
                          if not subkeyname.startswith("."):
                              continue
                          # raises OSError if no 'Content Type' value
                          mimetype, datatype = _winreg.QueryValueEx(
                              subkey, 'Content Type')
                          if datatype != _winreg.REG_SZ:
                              continue
                          self.add_type(mimetype, subkeyname, strict)
                  except OSError:
                      continue
  
  def guess_type(url, strict=True):
      """Guess the type of a file based on its URL.
  
      Return value is a tuple (type, encoding) where type is None if the
      type can't be guessed (no or unknown suffix) or a string of the
      form type/subtype, usable for a MIME Content-type header; and
      encoding is None for no encoding or the name of the program used
      to encode (e.g. compress or gzip).  The mappings are table
      driven.  Encoding suffixes are case sensitive; type suffixes are
      first tried case sensitive, then case insensitive.
  
      The suffixes .tgz, .taz and .tz (case sensitive!) are all mapped
      to ".tar.gz".  (This is table-driven too, using the dictionary
      suffix_map).
  
      Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found, but
      non-standard types.
      """
      if _db is None:
          init()
      return _db.guess_type(url, strict)
  
  
  def guess_all_extensions(type, strict=True):
      """Guess the extensions for a file based on its MIME type.
  
      Return value is a list of strings giving the possible filename
      extensions, including the leading dot ('.').  The extension is not
      guaranteed to have been associated with any particular data
      stream, but would be mapped to the MIME type `type' by
      guess_type().  If no extension can be guessed for `type', None
      is returned.
  
      Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
      but non-standard types.
      """
      if _db is None:
          init()
      return _db.guess_all_extensions(type, strict)
  
  def guess_extension(type, strict=True):
      """Guess the extension for a file based on its MIME type.
  
      Return value is a string giving a filename extension, including the
      leading dot ('.').  The extension is not guaranteed to have been
      associated with any particular data stream, but would be mapped to the
      MIME type `type' by guess_type().  If no extension can be guessed for
      `type', None is returned.
  
      Optional `strict' argument when false adds a bunch of commonly found,
      but non-standard types.
      """
      if _db is None:
          init()
      return _db.guess_extension(type, strict)
  
  def add_type(type, ext, strict=True):
      """Add a mapping between a type and an extension.
  
      When the extension is already known, the new
      type will replace the old one. When the type
      is already known the extension will be added
      to the list of known extensions.
  
      If strict is true, information will be added to
      list of standard types, else to the list of non-standard
      types.
      """
      if _db is None:
          init()
      return _db.add_type(type, ext, strict)
  
  
  def init(files=None):
      global suffix_map, types_map, encodings_map, common_types
      global inited, _db
      inited = True    # so that MimeTypes.__init__() doesn't call us again
  
      if files is None or _db is None:
          db = MimeTypes()
          if _winreg:
              db.read_windows_registry()
  
          if files is None:
              files = knownfiles
          else:
              files = knownfiles + list(files)
      else:
          db = _db
  
      for file in files:
          if os.path.isfile(file):
              db.read(file)
      encodings_map = db.encodings_map
      suffix_map = db.suffix_map
      types_map = db.types_map[True]
      common_types = db.types_map[False]
      # Make the DB a global variable now that it is fully initialized
      _db = db
  
  
  def read_mime_types(file):
      try:
          f = open(file, encoding='utf-8')
      except OSError:
          return None
      with f:
          db = MimeTypes()
          db.readfp(f, True)
          return db.types_map[True]
  
  
  def _default_mime_types():
      global suffix_map, _suffix_map_default
      global encodings_map, _encodings_map_default
      global types_map, _types_map_default
      global common_types, _common_types_default
  
      suffix_map = _suffix_map_default = {
          '.svgz': '.svg.gz',
          '.tgz': '.tar.gz',
          '.taz': '.tar.gz',
          '.tz': '.tar.gz',
          '.tbz2': '.tar.bz2',
          '.txz': '.tar.xz',
          }
  
      encodings_map = _encodings_map_default = {
          '.gz': 'gzip',
          '.Z': 'compress',
          '.bz2': 'bzip2',
          '.xz': 'xz',
          '.br': 'br',
          }
  
      # Before adding new types, make sure they are either registered with IANA,
      # at http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types
      # or extensions, i.e. using the x- prefix
  
      # If you add to these, please keep them sorted by mime type.
      # Make sure the entry with the preferred file extension for a particular mime type
      # appears before any others of the same mimetype.
      types_map = _types_map_default = {
          '.js'     : 'application/javascript',
          '.mjs'    : 'application/javascript',
          '.json'   : 'application/json',
          '.webmanifest': 'application/manifest+json',
          '.doc'    : 'application/msword',
          '.dot'    : 'application/msword',
          '.wiz'    : 'application/msword',
          '.bin'    : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.a'      : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.dll'    : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.exe'    : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.o'      : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.obj'    : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.so'     : 'application/octet-stream',
          '.oda'    : 'application/oda',
          '.pdf'    : 'application/pdf',
          '.p7c'    : 'application/pkcs7-mime',
          '.ps'     : 'application/postscript',
          '.ai'     : 'application/postscript',
          '.eps'    : 'application/postscript',
          '.m3u'    : 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl',
          '.m3u8'   : 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl',
          '.xls'    : 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
          '.xlb'    : 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
          '.ppt'    : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
          '.pot'    : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
          '.ppa'    : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
          '.pps'    : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
          '.pwz'    : 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
          '.wasm'   : 'application/wasm',
          '.bcpio'  : 'application/x-bcpio',
          '.cpio'   : 'application/x-cpio',
          '.csh'    : 'application/x-csh',
          '.dvi'    : 'application/x-dvi',
          '.gtar'   : 'application/x-gtar',
          '.hdf'    : 'application/x-hdf',
          '.h5'     : 'application/x-hdf5',
          '.latex'  : 'application/x-latex',
          '.mif'    : 'application/x-mif',
          '.cdf'    : 'application/x-netcdf',
          '.nc'     : 'application/x-netcdf',
          '.p12'    : 'application/x-pkcs12',
          '.pfx'    : 'application/x-pkcs12',
          '.ram'    : 'application/x-pn-realaudio',
          '.pyc'    : 'application/x-python-code',
          '.pyo'    : 'application/x-python-code',
          '.sh'     : 'application/x-sh',
          '.shar'   : 'application/x-shar',
          '.swf'    : 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
          '.sv4cpio': 'application/x-sv4cpio',
          '.sv4crc' : 'application/x-sv4crc',
          '.tar'    : 'application/x-tar',
          '.tcl'    : 'application/x-tcl',
          '.tex'    : 'application/x-tex',
          '.texi'   : 'application/x-texinfo',
          '.texinfo': 'application/x-texinfo',
          '.roff'   : 'application/x-troff',
          '.t'      : 'application/x-troff',
          '.tr'     : 'application/x-troff',
          '.man'    : 'application/x-troff-man',
          '.me'     : 'application/x-troff-me',
          '.ms'     : 'application/x-troff-ms',
          '.ustar'  : 'application/x-ustar',
          '.src'    : 'application/x-wais-source',
          '.xsl'    : 'application/xml',
          '.rdf'    : 'application/xml',
          '.wsdl'   : 'application/xml',
          '.xpdl'   : 'application/xml',
          '.zip'    : 'application/zip',
          '.3gp'    : 'audio/3gpp',
          '.3gpp'   : 'audio/3gpp',
          '.3g2'    : 'audio/3gpp2',
          '.3gpp2'  : 'audio/3gpp2',
          '.aac'    : 'audio/aac',
          '.adts'   : 'audio/aac',
          '.loas'   : 'audio/aac',
          '.ass'    : 'audio/aac',
          '.au'     : 'audio/basic',
          '.snd'    : 'audio/basic',
          '.mp3'    : 'audio/mpeg',
          '.mp2'    : 'audio/mpeg',
          '.opus'   : 'audio/opus',
          '.aif'    : 'audio/x-aiff',
          '.aifc'   : 'audio/x-aiff',
          '.aiff'   : 'audio/x-aiff',
          '.ra'     : 'audio/x-pn-realaudio',
          '.wav'    : 'audio/x-wav',
          '.bmp'    : 'image/bmp',
          '.gif'    : 'image/gif',
          '.ief'    : 'image/ief',
          '.jpg'    : 'image/jpeg',
          '.jpe'    : 'image/jpeg',
          '.jpeg'   : 'image/jpeg',
          '.png'    : 'image/png',
          '.svg'    : 'image/svg+xml',
          '.tiff'   : 'image/tiff',
          '.tif'    : 'image/tiff',
          '.ico'    : 'image/vnd.microsoft.icon',
          '.ras'    : 'image/x-cmu-raster',
          '.bmp'    : 'image/x-ms-bmp',
          '.pnm'    : 'image/x-portable-anymap',
          '.pbm'    : 'image/x-portable-bitmap',
          '.pgm'    : 'image/x-portable-graymap',
          '.ppm'    : 'image/x-portable-pixmap',
          '.rgb'    : 'image/x-rgb',
          '.xbm'    : 'image/x-xbitmap',
          '.xpm'    : 'image/x-xpixmap',
          '.xwd'    : 'image/x-xwindowdump',
          '.eml'    : 'message/rfc822',
          '.mht'    : 'message/rfc822',
          '.mhtml'  : 'message/rfc822',
          '.nws'    : 'message/rfc822',
          '.css'    : 'text/css',
          '.csv'    : 'text/csv',
          '.html'   : 'text/html',
          '.htm'    : 'text/html',
          '.txt'    : 'text/plain',
          '.bat'    : 'text/plain',
          '.c'      : 'text/plain',
          '.h'      : 'text/plain',
          '.ksh'    : 'text/plain',
          '.pl'     : 'text/plain',
          '.rtx'    : 'text/richtext',
          '.tsv'    : 'text/tab-separated-values',
          '.py'     : 'text/x-python',
          '.etx'    : 'text/x-setext',
          '.sgm'    : 'text/x-sgml',
          '.sgml'   : 'text/x-sgml',
          '.vcf'    : 'text/x-vcard',
          '.xml'    : 'text/xml',
          '.mp4'    : 'video/mp4',
          '.mpeg'   : 'video/mpeg',
          '.m1v'    : 'video/mpeg',
          '.mpa'    : 'video/mpeg',
          '.mpe'    : 'video/mpeg',
          '.mpg'    : 'video/mpeg',
          '.mov'    : 'video/quicktime',
          '.qt'     : 'video/quicktime',
          '.webm'   : 'video/webm',
          '.avi'    : 'video/x-msvideo',
          '.movie'  : 'video/x-sgi-movie',
          }
  
      # These are non-standard types, commonly found in the wild.  They will
      # only match if strict=0 flag is given to the API methods.
  
      # Please sort these too
      common_types = _common_types_default = {
          '.rtf' : 'application/rtf',
          '.midi': 'audio/midi',
          '.mid' : 'audio/midi',
          '.jpg' : 'image/jpg',
          '.pict': 'image/pict',
          '.pct' : 'image/pict',
          '.pic' : 'image/pict',
          '.xul' : 'text/xul',
          }
  
  
  _default_mime_types()
  
  
  def _main():
      import getopt
  
      USAGE = """\
  Usage: mimetypes.py [options] type
  
  Options:
      --help / -h       -- print this message and exit
      --lenient / -l    -- additionally search of some common, but non-standard
                           types.
      --extension / -e  -- guess extension instead of type
  
  More than one type argument may be given.
  """
  
      def usage(code, msg=''):
          print(USAGE)
          if msg: print(msg)
          sys.exit(code)
  
      try:
          opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'hle',
                                     ['help', 'lenient', 'extension'])
      except getopt.error as msg:
          usage(1, msg)
  
      strict = 1
      extension = 0
      for opt, arg in opts:
          if opt in ('-h', '--help'):
              usage(0)
          elif opt in ('-l', '--lenient'):
              strict = 0
          elif opt in ('-e', '--extension'):
              extension = 1
      for gtype in args:
          if extension:
              guess = guess_extension(gtype, strict)
              if not guess: print("I don't know anything about type", gtype)
              else: print(guess)
          else:
              guess, encoding = guess_type(gtype, strict)
              if not guess: print("I don't know anything about type", gtype)
              else: print('type:', guess, 'encoding:', encoding)
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
      _main()
  