text: /*********************************************************************************
  # Copyright 2014 Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics
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  # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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  ********************************************************************************/
  
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  postgresql script to create the required indexes within OMOP common data model, version 5.3
  
  last revised: 14-November-2017
  
  author:  Patrick Ryan, Clair Blacketer
  
  description:  These primary keys and indices are considered a minimal requirement to ensure adequate performance of analyses.
  
  *************************/
  
  
  /************************
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  Primary key constraints
  
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  /************************
  
  Standardized vocabulary
  
  ************************/
  
  
  
  ALTER TABLE concept ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_concept PRIMARY KEY (concept_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE vocabulary ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_vocabulary PRIMARY KEY (vocabulary_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE domain ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_domain PRIMARY KEY (domain_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE concept_class ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_concept_class PRIMARY KEY (concept_class_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE concept_relationship ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_concept_relationship PRIMARY KEY (concept_id_1,concept_id_2,relationship_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE relationship ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_relationship PRIMARY KEY (relationship_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE concept_ancestor ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_concept_ancestor PRIMARY KEY (ancestor_concept_id,descendant_concept_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE source_to_concept_map ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_source_to_concept_map PRIMARY KEY (source_vocabulary_id,target_concept_id,source_code,valid_end_date);
  
  ALTER TABLE drug_strength ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_drug_strength PRIMARY KEY (drug_concept_id, ingredient_concept_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE cohort_definition ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_cohort_definition PRIMARY KEY (cohort_definition_id);
  
  ALTER TABLE attribute_definition ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_attribute_definition PRIMARY KEY (attribute_definition_id);
  
  
  /**************************
  
  Standardized meta-data
  
  ***************************/
  
  
  
  /************************
  
  Standardized clinical data
  
  ************************/
  
  
  /**PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED constraints**/
  
  ALTER TABLE person ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_person PRIMARY KEY ( person_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE observation_period ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_observation_period PRIMARY KEY ( observation_period_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE specimen ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_specimen PRIMARY KEY ( specimen_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE death ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_death PRIMARY KEY ( person_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE visit_occurrence ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_visit_occurrence PRIMARY KEY ( visit_occurrence_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE visit_detail ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_visit_detail PRIMARY KEY ( visit_detail_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE procedure_occurrence ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_procedure_occurrence PRIMARY KEY ( procedure_occurrence_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE drug_exposure ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_drug_exposure PRIMARY KEY ( drug_exposure_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE device_exposure ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_device_exposure PRIMARY KEY ( device_exposure_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE condition_occurrence ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_condition_occurrence PRIMARY KEY ( condition_occurrence_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE measurement ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_measurement PRIMARY KEY ( measurement_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE note ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_note PRIMARY KEY ( note_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE note_nlp ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_note_nlp PRIMARY KEY ( note_nlp_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE observation  ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_observation PRIMARY KEY ( observation_id ) ;
  
  
  
  
  /************************
  
  Standardized health system data
  
  ************************/
  
  
  ALTER TABLE location ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_location PRIMARY KEY ( location_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE care_site ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_care_site PRIMARY KEY ( care_site_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE provider ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_provider PRIMARY KEY ( provider_id ) ;
  
  
  
  /************************
  
  Standardized health economics
  
  ************************/
  
  
  ALTER TABLE payer_plan_period ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_payer_plan_period PRIMARY KEY ( payer_plan_period_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE cost ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_visit_cost PRIMARY KEY ( cost_id ) ;
  
  
  /************************
  
  Standardized derived elements
  
  ************************/
  
  ALTER TABLE cohort ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_cohort PRIMARY KEY ( cohort_definition_id, subject_id, cohort_start_date, cohort_end_date  ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE cohort_attribute ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_cohort_attribute PRIMARY KEY ( cohort_definition_id, subject_id, cohort_start_date, cohort_end_date, attribute_definition_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE drug_era ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_drug_era PRIMARY KEY ( drug_era_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE dose_era  ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_dose_era PRIMARY KEY ( dose_era_id ) ;
  
  ALTER TABLE condition_era ADD CONSTRAINT xpk_condition_era PRIMARY KEY ( condition_era_id ) ;
  