text: # Copyright 2011 Piston Cloud Computing, Inc.
  # All Rights Reserved.
  
  #    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
  #    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
  #    a copy of the License at
  #
  #         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  #
  #    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  #    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
  #    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
  #    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
  #    under the License.
  
  """Test of Policy Engine For Nova."""
  
  import os.path
  
  from oslo_policy import policy as oslo_policy
  from oslo_serialization import jsonutils
  import requests_mock
  
  import nova.conf
  from nova import context
  from nova import exception
  from nova import policy
  from nova import test
  from nova.tests.unit import fake_policy
  from nova.tests.unit import policy_fixture
  from nova import utils
  
  CONF = nova.conf.CONF
  
  
  class PolicyFileTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(PolicyFileTestCase, self).setUp()
          self.context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake')
          self.target = {}
  
      def test_modified_policy_reloads(self):
          with utils.tempdir() as tmpdir:
              tmpfilename = os.path.join(tmpdir, 'policy')
  
              self.flags(policy_file=tmpfilename, group='oslo_policy')
  
              # NOTE(uni): context construction invokes policy check to determin
              # is_admin or not. As a side-effect, policy reset is needed here
              # to flush existing policy cache.
              policy.reset()
  
              action = "example:test"
              with open(tmpfilename, "w") as policyfile:
                  policyfile.write('{"example:test": ""}')
              policy.enforce(self.context, action, self.target)
              with open(tmpfilename, "w") as policyfile:
                  policyfile.write('{"example:test": "!"}')
              policy._ENFORCER.load_rules(True)
              self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                                self.context, action, self.target)
  
  
  class PolicyTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(PolicyTestCase, self).setUp()
          rules = {
              "true": '@',
              "example:allowed": '@',
              "example:denied": "!",
              "example:get_http": "http://www.example.com",
              "example:my_file": "role:compute_admin or "
                                 "project_id:%(project_id)s",
              "example:early_and_fail": "! and @",
              "example:early_or_success": "@ or !",
              "example:lowercase_admin": "role:admin or role:sysadmin",
              "example:uppercase_admin": "role:ADMIN or role:sysadmin",
          }
          policy.reset()
          policy.init()
          policy.set_rules(oslo_policy.Rules.from_dict(rules))
          self.context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake', roles=['member'])
          self.target = {}
  
      def test_enforce_nonexistent_action_throws(self):
          action = "example:noexist"
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, self.target)
  
      def test_enforce_bad_action_throws(self):
          action = "example:denied"
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, self.target)
  
      def test_enforce_bad_action_noraise(self):
          action = "example:denied"
          result = policy.enforce(self.context, action, self.target, False)
          self.assertFalse(result)
  
      def test_enforce_good_action(self):
          action = "example:allowed"
          result = policy.enforce(self.context, action, self.target)
          self.assertTrue(result)
  
      @requests_mock.mock()
      def test_enforce_http_true(self, req_mock):
          req_mock.post('http://www.example.com/',
                        text='True')
          action = "example:get_http"
          target = {}
          result = policy.enforce(self.context, action, target)
          self.assertTrue(result)
  
      @requests_mock.mock()
      def test_enforce_http_false(self, req_mock):
          req_mock.post('http://www.example.com/',
                        text='False')
          action = "example:get_http"
          target = {}
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, target)
  
      def test_templatized_enforcement(self):
          target_mine = {'project_id': 'fake'}
          target_not_mine = {'project_id': 'another'}
          action = "example:my_file"
          policy.enforce(self.context, action, target_mine)
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, target_not_mine)
  
      def test_early_AND_enforcement(self):
          action = "example:early_and_fail"
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, self.target)
  
      def test_early_OR_enforcement(self):
          action = "example:early_or_success"
          policy.enforce(self.context, action, self.target)
  
      def test_ignore_case_role_check(self):
          lowercase_action = "example:lowercase_admin"
          uppercase_action = "example:uppercase_admin"
          # NOTE(dprince) we mix case in the Admin role here to ensure
          # case is ignored
          admin_context = context.RequestContext('admin',
                                                 'fake',
                                                 roles=['AdMiN'])
          policy.enforce(admin_context, lowercase_action, self.target)
          policy.enforce(admin_context, uppercase_action, self.target)
  
  
  class DefaultPolicyTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(DefaultPolicyTestCase, self).setUp()
  
          self.rules = {
              "default": '',
              "example:exist": "!",
          }
  
          self._set_rules('default')
  
          self.context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake')
  
      def _set_rules(self, default_rule):
          policy.reset()
          rules = oslo_policy.Rules.from_dict(self.rules)
          policy.init(rules=rules, default_rule=default_rule, use_conf=False)
  
      def test_policy_called(self):
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                  self.context, "example:exist", {})
  
      def test_not_found_policy_calls_default(self):
          policy.enforce(self.context, "example:noexist", {})
  
      def test_default_not_found(self):
          self._set_rules("default_noexist")
          self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                  self.context, "example:noexist", {})
  
  
  class IsAdminCheckTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(IsAdminCheckTestCase, self).setUp()
          policy.init()
  
      def test_init_true(self):
          check = policy.IsAdminCheck('is_admin', 'True')
  
          self.assertEqual(check.kind, 'is_admin')
          self.assertEqual(check.match, 'True')
          self.assertTrue(check.expected)
  
      def test_init_false(self):
          check = policy.IsAdminCheck('is_admin', 'nottrue')
  
          self.assertEqual(check.kind, 'is_admin')
          self.assertEqual(check.match, 'False')
          self.assertFalse(check.expected)
  
      def test_call_true(self):
          check = policy.IsAdminCheck('is_admin', 'True')
  
          self.assertEqual(check('target', dict(is_admin=True),
                                 policy._ENFORCER), True)
          self.assertEqual(check('target', dict(is_admin=False),
                                 policy._ENFORCER), False)
  
      def test_call_false(self):
          check = policy.IsAdminCheck('is_admin', 'False')
  
          self.assertEqual(check('target', dict(is_admin=True),
                                 policy._ENFORCER), False)
          self.assertEqual(check('target', dict(is_admin=False),
                                 policy._ENFORCER), True)
  
  
  class AdminRolePolicyTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(AdminRolePolicyTestCase, self).setUp()
          self.policy = self.useFixture(policy_fixture.RoleBasedPolicyFixture())
          self.context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake', roles=['member'])
          self.actions = policy.get_rules().keys()
          self.target = {}
  
      def test_enforce_admin_actions_with_nonadmin_context_throws(self):
          """Check if non-admin context passed to admin actions throws
             Policy not authorized exception
          """
          for action in self.actions:
              self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                            self.context, action, self.target)
  
  
  class RealRolePolicyTestCase(test.NoDBTestCase):
      def setUp(self):
          super(RealRolePolicyTestCase, self).setUp()
          self.policy = self.useFixture(policy_fixture.RealPolicyFixture())
          self.non_admin_context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake',
                                                          roles=['member'])
          self.admin_context = context.RequestContext('fake', 'fake', True,
                                                       roles=['member'])
          self.target = {}
          self.fake_policy = jsonutils.loads(fake_policy.policy_data)
  
          self.admin_only_rules = (
  "cells_scheduler_filter:TargetCellFilter",
  "compute:unlock_override",
  "compute:get_all_tenants",
  "compute:create:forced_host",
  "compute:swap_volume",
  "compute_extension:accounts",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:resetNetwork",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:injectNetworkInfo",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:migrateLive",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:resetState",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:migrate",
  "compute_extension:aggregates",
  "compute_extension:agents",
  "compute_extension:baremetal_nodes",
  "compute_extension:cells",
  "compute_extension:cells:create",
  "compute_extension:cells:delete",
  "compute_extension:cells:update",
  "compute_extension:cells:sync_instances",
  "compute_extension:cloudpipe",
  "compute_extension:cloudpipe_update",
  "compute_extension:evacuate",
  "compute_extension:extended_server_attributes",
  "compute_extension:fixed_ips",
  "compute_extension:flavor_access:addTenantAccess",
  "compute_extension:flavor_access:removeTenantAccess",
  "compute_extension:flavorextraspecs:create",
  "compute_extension:flavorextraspecs:update",
  "compute_extension:flavorextraspecs:delete",
  "compute_extension:flavormanage",
  "compute_extension:floating_ips_bulk",
  "compute_extension:fping:all_tenants",
  "compute_extension:hosts",
  "compute_extension:hypervisors",
  "compute_extension:instance_actions:events",
  "compute_extension:instance_usage_audit_log",
  "compute_extension:networks",
  "compute_extension:networks_associate",
  "compute_extension:quotas:update",
  "compute_extension:quotas:delete",
  "compute_extension:security_group_default_rules",
  "compute_extension:server_diagnostics",
  "compute_extension:services",
  "compute_extension:shelveOffload",
  "compute_extension:simple_tenant_usage:list",
  "compute_extension:users",
  "compute_extension:availability_zone:detail",
  "compute_extension:used_limits_for_admin",
  "compute_extension:migrations:index",
  "compute_extension:os-assisted-volume-snapshots:create",
  "compute_extension:os-assisted-volume-snapshots:delete",
  "compute_extension:console_auth_tokens",
  "compute_extension:os-server-external-events:create",
  "compute_extension:volume_attachments:update",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create:forced_host",
  "os_compute_api:servers:detail:get_all_tenants",
  "os_compute_api:servers:index:get_all_tenants",
  "os_compute_api:servers:show:host_status",
  "os_compute_api:servers:migrations:force_complete",
  "os_compute_api:servers:migrations:delete",
  "network:attach_external_network",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-actions",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-actions:reset_network",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-actions:inject_network_info",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-actions:reset_state",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:add_host",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:remove_host",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:set_metadata",
  "os_compute_api:os-agents",
  "os_compute_api:os-baremetal-nodes",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells:sync_instances",
  "os_compute_api:os-cloudpipe",
  "os_compute_api:os-evacuate",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-server-attributes",
  "os_compute_api:os-fixed-ips",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-access:remove_tenant_access",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-access:add_tenant_access",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-manage",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ips-bulk",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-dns:domain:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-dns:domain:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-fping:all_tenants",
  "os_compute_api:os-hosts",
  "os_compute_api:os-hypervisors",
  "os_compute_api:os-instance-actions:events",
  "os_compute_api:os-instance-usage-audit-log",
  "os_compute_api:os-lock-server:unlock:unlock_override",
  "os_compute_api:os-migrate-server:migrate",
  "os_compute_api:os-migrate-server:migrate_live",
  "os_compute_api:os-networks",
  "os_compute_api:os-networks-associate",
  "os_compute_api:os-pci:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-pci:detail",
  "os_compute_api:os-pci:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:detail",
  "os_compute_api:os-security-group-default-rules",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-diagnostics",
  "os_compute_api:os-services",
  "os_compute_api:os-shelve:shelve_offload",
  "os_compute_api:os-simple-tenant-usage:list",
  "os_compute_api:os-availability-zone:detail",
  "os_compute_api:os-used-limits",
  "os_compute_api:os-migrations:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-assisted-volume-snapshots:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-assisted-volume-snapshots:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-console-auth-tokens",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-class-sets:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-external-events:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:update",
  "os_compute_api:servers:migrations:index",
  "os_compute_api:servers:migrations:show",
  )
  
          self.admin_or_owner_rules = (
  "default",
  "compute:start",
  "compute:stop",
  "compute:delete",
  "compute:soft_delete",
  "compute:force_delete",
  "compute:lock",
  "compute:unlock",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:pause",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:unpause",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:suspend",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:resume",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:lock",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:unlock",
  "compute_extension:admin_actions:createBackup",
  "compute_extension:simple_tenant_usage:show",
  "os_compute_api:servers:start",
  "os_compute_api:servers:stop",
  "os_compute_api:servers:trigger_crash_dump",
  "os_compute_api:os-create-backup",
  "os_compute_api:ips:index",
  "os_compute_api:ips:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-lock-server:lock",
  "os_compute_api:os-lock-server:unlock",
  "os_compute_api:os-pause-server:pause",
  "os_compute_api:os-pause-server:unpause",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:show",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:index",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:show",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:delete",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:create",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:update",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:update_all",
  "os_compute_api:os-simple-tenant-usage:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-suspend-server:suspend",
  "os_compute_api:os-suspend-server:resume",
  "os_compute_api:os-tenant-networks",
  "compute:create",
  "compute:create:attach_network",
  "compute:create:attach_volume",
  "compute:get_all_instance_metadata",
  "compute:get_all_instance_system_metadata",
  "compute:get_console_output",
  "compute:get_diagnostics",
  "compute:delete_instance_metadata",
  "compute:get",
  "compute:get_all",
  "compute:shelve",
  "compute:shelve_offload",
  "compute:snapshot_volume_backed",
  "compute:unshelve",
  "compute:resize",
  "compute:confirm_resize",
  "compute:revert_resize",
  "compute:rebuild",
  "compute:reboot",
  "compute:volume_snapshot_create",
  "compute:volume_snapshot_delete",
  "compute:add_fixed_ip",
  "compute:attach_interface",
  "compute:detach_interface",
  "compute:attach_volume",
  "compute:detach_volume",
  "compute:backup",
  "compute:get_instance_diagnostics",
  "compute:get_instance_metadata",
  "compute:get_mks_console",
  "compute:get_rdp_console",
  "compute:get_serial_console",
  "compute:get_spice_console",
  "compute:get_vnc_console",
  "compute:inject_network_info",
  "compute:pause",
  "compute:remove_fixed_ip",
  "compute:rescue",
  "compute:reset_network",
  "compute:restore",
  "compute:resume",
  "compute:security_groups:add_to_instance",
  "compute:security_groups:remove_from_instance",
  "compute:set_admin_password",
  "compute:snapshot",
  "compute:suspend",
  "compute:unpause",
  "compute:unrescue",
  "compute:update",
  "compute:update_instance_metadata",
  "compute_extension:config_drive",
  "compute_extension:os-tenant-networks",
  "network:get_vif_by_mac_address",
  "os_compute_api:extensions",
  "os_compute_api:os-config-drive",
  "os_compute_api:servers:confirm_resize",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create:attach_network",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create:attach_volume",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create_image",
  "os_compute_api:servers:delete",
  "os_compute_api:servers:detail",
  "os_compute_api:servers:index",
  "os_compute_api:servers:reboot",
  "os_compute_api:servers:rebuild",
  "os_compute_api:servers:resize",
  "os_compute_api:servers:revert_resize",
  "os_compute_api:servers:show",
  "os_compute_api:servers:update",
  "compute_extension:attach_interfaces",
  "compute_extension:certificates",
  "compute_extension:console_output",
  "compute_extension:consoles",
  "compute_extension:createserverext",
  "compute_extension:deferred_delete",
  "compute_extension:disk_config",
  "compute_extension:extended_status",
  "compute_extension:extended_availability_zone",
  "compute_extension:extended_ips",
  "compute_extension:extended_ips_mac",
  "compute_extension:extended_vif_net",
  "compute_extension:extended_volumes",
  "compute_extension:flavor_access",
  "compute_extension:flavor_disabled",
  "compute_extension:flavor_rxtx",
  "compute_extension:flavor_swap",
  "compute_extension:flavorextradata",
  "compute_extension:flavorextraspecs:index",
  "compute_extension:flavorextraspecs:show",
  "compute_extension:floating_ip_dns",
  "compute_extension:floating_ip_pools",
  "compute_extension:floating_ips",
  "compute_extension:fping",
  "compute_extension:image_size",
  "compute_extension:instance_actions",
  "compute_extension:keypairs",
  "compute_extension:keypairs:index",
  "compute_extension:keypairs:show",
  "compute_extension:keypairs:create",
  "compute_extension:keypairs:delete",
  "compute_extension:multinic",
  "compute_extension:networks:view",
  "compute_extension:quotas:show",
  "compute_extension:quota_classes",
  "compute_extension:rescue",
  "compute_extension:security_groups",
  "compute_extension:server_groups",
  "compute_extension:server_password",
  "compute_extension:server_usage",
  "compute_extension:shelve",
  "compute_extension:unshelve",
  "compute_extension:virtual_interfaces",
  "compute_extension:virtual_storage_arrays",
  "compute_extension:volumes",
  "compute_extension:volume_attachments:index",
  "compute_extension:volume_attachments:show",
  "compute_extension:volume_attachments:create",
  "compute_extension:volume_attachments:delete",
  "compute_extension:volumetypes",
  "compute_extension:availability_zone:list",
  "network:get_all",
  "network:get",
  "network:create",
  "network:delete",
  "network:associate",
  "network:disassociate",
  "network:get_vifs_by_instance",
  "network:allocate_for_instance",
  "network:deallocate_for_instance",
  "network:validate_networks",
  "network:get_instance_uuids_by_ip_filter",
  "network:get_instance_id_by_floating_address",
  "network:setup_networks_on_host",
  "network:get_backdoor_port",
  "network:get_floating_ip",
  "network:get_floating_ip_pools",
  "network:get_floating_ip_by_address",
  "network:get_floating_ips_by_project",
  "network:get_floating_ips_by_fixed_address",
  "network:allocate_floating_ip",
  "network:associate_floating_ip",
  "network:disassociate_floating_ip",
  "network:release_floating_ip",
  "network:migrate_instance_start",
  "network:migrate_instance_finish",
  "network:get_fixed_ip",
  "network:get_fixed_ip_by_address",
  "network:add_fixed_ip_to_instance",
  "network:remove_fixed_ip_from_instance",
  "network:add_network_to_project",
  "network:get_instance_nw_info",
  "network:get_dns_domains",
  "network:add_dns_entry",
  "network:modify_dns_entry",
  "network:delete_dns_entry",
  "network:get_dns_entries_by_address",
  "network:get_dns_entries_by_name",
  "network:create_private_dns_domain",
  "network:create_public_dns_domain",
  "network:delete_dns_domain",
  "os_compute_api:servers:create_image:allow_volume_backed",
  "os_compute_api:os-access-ips",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-password",
  "os_compute_api:os-attach-interfaces",
  "os_compute_api:os-certificates:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-certificates:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-consoles:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-consoles:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-consoles:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-consoles:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-console-output",
  "os_compute_api:os-remote-consoles",
  "os_compute_api:os-deferred-delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-disk-config",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-status",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-availability-zone",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-volumes",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-access",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-rxtx",
  "os_compute_api:flavors",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-dns",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-pools",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ips",
  "os_compute_api:os-fping",
  "os_compute_api:image-size",
  "os_compute_api:os-instance-actions",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs",
  "os_compute_api:limits",
  "os_compute_api:os-multinic",
  "os_compute_api:os-networks:view",
  "os_compute_api:os-pci:pci_servers",
  "os_compute_api:os-rescue",
  "os_compute_api:os-security-groups",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-password",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-usage",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-groups",
  "os_compute_api:os-shelve:shelve",
  "os_compute_api:os-shelve:unshelve",
  "os_compute_api:os-virtual-interfaces",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:create",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-availability-zone:list",
  )
  
          self.non_admin_only_rules = (
  "compute_extension:hide_server_addresses",
  "os_compute_api:os-hide-server-addresses")
  
          self.allow_all_rules = (
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:defaults",
  "os_compute_api:extensions:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-access-ips:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-actions:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-admin-password:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-aggregates:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-agents:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-attach-interfaces:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-baremetal-nodes:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-block-device-mapping-v1:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-cells:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-certificates:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-cloudpipe:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-config-drive:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-consoles:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-console-output:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-remote-consoles:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-create-backup:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-deferred-delete:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-disk-config:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-evacuate:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-server-attributes:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-status:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-availability-zone:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:extension_info:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-extended-volumes:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-fixed-ips:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-access:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-rxtx:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:flavors:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-extra-specs:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-flavor-manage:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-dns:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ip-pools:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ips:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-floating-ips-bulk:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-fping:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-hide-server-addresses:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-hosts:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-hypervisors:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:images:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:image-size:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-instance-actions:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-instance-usage-audit-log:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:ips:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-keypairs:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:limits:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-lock-server:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-migrate-server:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-multinic:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-networks:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-networks-associate:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-pause-server:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-pci:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-personality:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-preserve-ephemeral-rebuild:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-sets:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-quota-class-sets:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-rescue:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-scheduler-hints:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-security-group-default-rules:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-security-groups:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-diagnostics:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-password:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-usage:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-groups:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:delete",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:delete_all",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:index",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:show",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:update",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-tags:update_all",
  "os_compute_api:os-services:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:server-metadata:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:servers:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-shelve:shelve:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-simple-tenant-usage:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-suspend-server:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-tenant-networks:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-user-data:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-virtual-interfaces:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-volumes-attachments:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-availability-zone:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-used-limits:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-migrations:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-assisted-volume-snapshots:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-console-auth-tokens:discoverable",
  "os_compute_api:os-server-external-events:discoverable",
  )
  
      def test_all_rules_in_sample_file(self):
          special_rules = ["context_is_admin", "admin_or_owner", "default"]
          for (name, rule) in self.fake_policy.items():
              if name in special_rules:
                  continue
              self.assertIn(name, policy.get_rules())
  
      def test_admin_only_rules(self):
          for rule in self.admin_only_rules:
              self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                                self.non_admin_context, rule, self.target)
              policy.enforce(self.admin_context, rule, self.target)
  
      def test_non_admin_only_rules(self):
          for rule in self.non_admin_only_rules:
              self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                                self.admin_context, rule, self.target)
              policy.enforce(self.non_admin_context, rule, self.target)
  
      def test_admin_or_owner_rules(self):
          for rule in self.admin_or_owner_rules:
              self.assertRaises(exception.PolicyNotAuthorized, policy.enforce,
                                self.non_admin_context, rule, self.target)
              policy.enforce(self.non_admin_context, rule,
                             {'project_id': 'fake', 'user_id': 'fake'})
  
      def test_no_empty_rules(self):
          # Parsed rules substitute '@' for '', so we need to look at the raw
          # policy definitions
          # CONF.oslo_policy.policy_file has been set to the sample file by
          # the RealPolicyFixture used in setUp
          with open(CONF.oslo_policy.policy_file, 'r') as policy_file:
              policy_dict = jsonutils.loads(policy_file.read())
  
          for rule_name, rule in policy_dict.items():
              self.assertNotEqual('', str(rule),
                      '%s should not be empty, use "@" instead if the policy '
                      'should allow everything' % rule_name)
  
      def test_allow_all_rules(self):
          for rule in self.allow_all_rules:
              policy.enforce(self.non_admin_context, rule, self.target)
  
      def test_rule_missing(self):
          rules = policy.get_rules()
          # eliqiao os_compute_api:os-quota-class-sets:show requires
          # admin=True or quota_class match, this rule won't belong to
          # admin_only, non_admin, admin_or_user, empty_rule
          special_rules = ('admin_api', 'admin_or_owner', 'context_is_admin',
                           'os_compute_api:os-quota-class-sets:show')
          result = set(rules.keys()) - set(self.admin_only_rules +
              self.admin_or_owner_rules + self.non_admin_only_rules +
              self.allow_all_rules + special_rules)
          self.assertEqual(set([]), result)
  