text: /*!
  \file  
  \brief Various routines for providing portable 32 and 64 bit random number
         generators.
  
  \date   Started 5/17/2007
  \author George
  \version\verbatim $Id: random.c 11793 2012-04-04 21:03:02Z karypis $ \endverbatim
  */
  
  #include <GKlib.h>
  
  
  /*************************************************************************/
  /*! Create the various random number functions */
  /*************************************************************************/
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_c,   size_t, char)
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_i,   size_t, int)
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_f,   size_t, float)
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_d,   size_t, double)
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_idx, size_t, gk_idx_t)
  GK_MKRANDOM(gk_z,   size_t, ssize_t)
  
  
  
  /*************************************************************************/
  /*! GKlib's built in random number generator for portability across 
      different architectures */
  /*************************************************************************/
  #ifdef USE_GKRAND
  /* 
     A C-program for MT19937-64 (2004/9/29 version).
     Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
  
     This is a 64-bit version of Mersenne Twister pseudorandom number
     generator.
  
     Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand64(seed)  
     or init_by_array64(init_key, key_length).
  
     Copyright (C) 2004, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
     All rights reserved.                          
  
     THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
     "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
     LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
     A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
     CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
     EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
     PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
     PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
     LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
     NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
     SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  */
  
  #define NN 312
  #define MM 156
  #define MATRIX_A 0xB5026F5AA96619E9ULL
  #define UM 0xFFFFFFFF80000000ULL /* Most significant 33 bits */
  #define LM 0x7FFFFFFFULL /* Least significant 31 bits */
  
  
  /* The array for the state vector */
  static uint64_t mt[NN]; 
  /* mti==NN+1 means mt[NN] is not initialized */
  static int mti=NN+1; 
  #endif /* USE_GKRAND */
  
  /* initializes mt[NN] with a seed */
  void gk_randinit(uint64_t seed)
  {
  #ifdef USE_GKRAND
    mt[0] = seed;
    for (mti=1; mti<NN; mti++) 
      mt[mti] = (6364136223846793005ULL * (mt[mti-1] ^ (mt[mti-1] >> 62)) + mti);
  #else
    srand((unsigned int) seed);
  #endif
  }
  
  
  /* generates a random number on [0, 2^64-1]-interval */
  uint64_t gk_randint64(void)
  {
  #ifdef USE_GKRAND
    int i;
    unsigned long long x;
    static uint64_t mag01[2]={0ULL, MATRIX_A};
  
    if (mti >= NN) { /* generate NN words at one time */
      /* if init_genrand64() has not been called, */
      /* a default initial seed is used     */
      if (mti == NN+1) 
        gk_randinit(5489ULL); 
  
      for (i=0; i<NN-MM; i++) {
        x = (mt[i]&UM)|(mt[i+1]&LM);
        mt[i] = mt[i+MM] ^ (x>>1) ^ mag01[(int)(x&1ULL)];
      }
      for (; i<NN-1; i++) {
        x = (mt[i]&UM)|(mt[i+1]&LM);
        mt[i] = mt[i+(MM-NN)] ^ (x>>1) ^ mag01[(int)(x&1ULL)];
      }
      x = (mt[NN-1]&UM)|(mt[0]&LM);
      mt[NN-1] = mt[MM-1] ^ (x>>1) ^ mag01[(int)(x&1ULL)];
  
      mti = 0;
    }
  
    x = mt[mti++];
  
    x ^= (x >> 29) & 0x5555555555555555ULL;
    x ^= (x << 17) & 0x71D67FFFEDA60000ULL;
    x ^= (x << 37) & 0xFFF7EEE000000000ULL;
    x ^= (x >> 43);
  
    return x & 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
  #else
    return (uint64_t)(((uint64_t) rand()) << 32 | ((uint64_t) rand()));
  #endif
  }
  
  /* generates a random number on [0, 2^32-1]-interval */
  uint32_t gk_randint32(void)
  {
  #ifdef USE_GKRAND
    return (uint32_t)(gk_randint64() & 0x7FFFFFFF);
  #else
    return (uint32_t)rand();
  #endif
  }
  
  
  