text: """Mixed Precision Training Hook"""
  
  import copy
  
  
  # from mmcv.runner import OptimizerHook
  
  import paddle
  import paddle.nn as nn
  
  from codes.core.dist_utils import allreduce_grads
  from codes.core.fp16.utils import cast_tensor_type
  
  
  class Fp16OptimizerHook(OptimizerHook):
      """FP16 optimizer hook.
  
      The steps of fp16 optimizer is as follows.
      1. Scale the loss value.
      2. BP in the fp16 model.
      2. Copy gradients from fp16 model to fp32 weights.
      3. Update fp32 weights.
      4. Copy updated parameters from fp32 weights to fp16 model.
  
      Refer to https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.03740 for more details.
  
      Args:
          loss_scale (float): Scale factor multiplied with loss.
      """
  
      def __init__(self,
                   grad_clip=None,
                   coalesce=True,
                   bucket_size_mb=-1,
                   loss_scale=512.,
                   distributed=True):
          self.grad_clip = grad_clip
          self.coalesce = coalesce
          self.bucket_size_mb = bucket_size_mb
          self.loss_scale = loss_scale
          self.distributed = distributed
  
      def before_run(self, runner):
          """Preparing steps before Mixed Precision Training.
  
          1. Make a master copy of fp32 weights for optimization.
          2. Convert the main model from fp32 to fp16.
          """
          # keep a copy of fp32 weights
          runner.optimizer.param_groups = copy.deepcopy(
              runner.optimizer.param_groups)
          # convert model to fp16
          wrap_fp16_model(runner.model)
  
      def copy_grads_to_fp32(self, fp16_net, fp32_weights):
          """Copy gradients from fp16 model to fp32 weight copy."""
          for fp32_param, fp16_param in zip(fp32_weights, fp16_net.parameters()):
              if fp16_param.grad is not None:
                  if fp32_param.grad is None:
                      fp32_param.grad = fp32_param.data.new(fp32_param.size())
                  fp32_param.grad.copy_(fp16_param.grad)
  
      def copy_params_to_fp16(self, fp16_net, fp32_weights):
          """Copy updated params from fp32 weight copy to fp16 model."""
          for fp16_param, fp32_param in zip(fp16_net.parameters(), fp32_weights):
              fp16_param.data.copy_(fp32_param.data)
  
      def after_train_iter(self, runner):
          """Backward optimization steps for Mixed Precision Training.
  
          1. Scale the loss by a scale factor.
          2. Backward the loss to obtain the gradients (fp16).
          3. Copy gradients from the model to the fp32 weight copy.
          4. Scale the gradients back and update the fp32 weight copy.
          5. Copy back the params from fp32 weight copy to the fp16 model.
          """
          # clear grads of last iteration
          runner.model.zero_grad()
          runner.optimizer.zero_grad()
          # scale the loss value
          scaled_loss = runner.outputs['loss'] * self.loss_scale
          scaled_loss.backward()
          # copy fp16 grads in the model to fp32 params in the optimizer
          fp32_weights = []
          for param_group in runner.optimizer.param_groups:
              fp32_weights += param_group['params']
          self.copy_grads_to_fp32(runner.model, fp32_weights)
          # allreduce grads
          if self.distributed:
              allreduce_grads(fp32_weights, self.coalesce, self.bucket_size_mb)
          # scale the gradients back
          for param in fp32_weights:
              if param.grad is not None:
                  param.grad.div_(self.loss_scale)
          if self.grad_clip is not None:
              self.clip_grads(fp32_weights)
          # update fp32 params
          runner.optimizer.step()
          # copy fp32 params to the fp16 model
          self.copy_params_to_fp16(runner.model, fp32_weights)
  
  
  def wrap_fp16_model(model):
      """Wrap the FP32 model to FP16.
  
      1. Convert FP32 model to FP16.
      2. Remain some necessary layers to be FP32, e.g., normalization layers.
  
      Args:
          model (nn.Module): Model in FP32.
      """
      # convert model to fp16
      model.half()
      # patch the normalization layers to make it work in fp32 mode
      patch_norm_fp32(model)
      # set `fp16_enabled` flag
      for m in model.modules():
          if hasattr(m, 'fp16_enabled'):
              m.fp16_enabled = True
  
  
  def patch_norm_fp32(module):
      """Recursively convert normalization layers from FP16 to FP32.
  
      Args:
          module (nn.Module): The modules to be converted in FP16.
  
      Returns:
          nn.Module: The converted module, the normalization layers have been
              converted to FP32.
      """
      if isinstance(module, (nn.Layer.batchnorm._BatchNorm, nn.GroupNorm)):
          module.float()
          if isinstance(module, nn.GroupNorm):
              module.forward = patch_forward_method(module.forward, paddle.float16,
                                                    paddle.float32)
      for child in module.children():
          patch_norm_fp32(child)
      return module
  
  
  def patch_forward_method(func, src_type, dst_type, convert_output=True):
      """Patch the forward method of a module.
  
      Args:
          func (callable): The original forward method.
          src_type (torch.dtype): Type of input arguments to be converted from.
          dst_type (torch.dtype): Type of input arguments to be converted to.
          convert_output (bool): Whether to convert the output back to src_type.
  
      Returns:
          callable: The patched forward method.
      """
  
      def new_forward(*args, **kwargs):
          """Patch the forward method of a module.
  
          Args:
              func (callable): The original forward method.
              src_type (torch.dtype): Type of input arguments to be converted from.
              dst_type (torch.dtype): Type of input arguments to be converted to.
              convert_output (bool): Whether to convert the output back to src_type.
  
          Returns:
              callable: The patched forward method.
          """
          output = func(*cast_tensor_type(args, src_type, dst_type),
                        **cast_tensor_type(kwargs, src_type, dst_type))
          if convert_output:
              output = cast_tensor_type(output, dst_type, src_type)
          return output
  
      return new_forward
  