text: # Copyright 2010-2011 OpenStack Foundation
  # Copyright 2012-2013 IBM Corp.
  # All Rights Reserved.
  #
  #    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
  #    not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
  #    a copy of the License at
  #
  #         http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  #
  #    Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  #    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
  #    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
  #    License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
  #    under the License.
  
  """
  Tests for database migrations. There are "opportunistic" tests for both mysql
  and postgresql in here, which allows testing against these databases in a
  properly configured unit test environment.
  
  For the opportunistic testing you need to set up a db named 'openstack_citest'
  with user 'openstack_citest' and password 'openstack_citest' on localhost.
  The test will then use that db and u/p combo to run the tests.
  
  For postgres on Ubuntu this can be done with the following commands:
  
  ::
  
   sudo -u postgres psql
   postgres=# create user openstack_citest with createdb login password
        'openstack_citest';
   postgres=# create database openstack_citest with owner openstack_citest;
  
  """
  
  import collections
  import contextlib
  from unittest import mock
  
  from alembic import script
  import fixtures
  from oslo_db import exception as db_exc
  from oslo_db.sqlalchemy import enginefacade
  from oslo_db.sqlalchemy import test_fixtures
  from oslo_db.sqlalchemy import test_migrations
  from oslo_db.sqlalchemy import utils as db_utils
  from oslo_log import log as logging
  from oslo_utils import uuidutils
  from oslotest import base as test_base
  import sqlalchemy
  import sqlalchemy.exc
  
  from ironic.conf import CONF
  from ironic.db.sqlalchemy import migration
  from ironic.db.sqlalchemy import models
  from ironic.tests import base
  
  LOG = logging.getLogger(__name__)
  
  # NOTE(vdrok): This was introduced after migration tests started taking more
  # time in gate. Timeout value in seconds for tests performing migrations.
  MIGRATIONS_TIMEOUT = 300
  
  
  @contextlib.contextmanager
  def patch_with_engine(engine):
      with mock.patch.object(enginefacade.writer, 'get_engine',
                             autospec=True) as patch_engine:
          patch_engine.return_value = engine
          yield
  
  
  class WalkVersionsMixin(object):
      def _walk_versions(self, engine=None, alembic_cfg=None):
          # Determine latest version script from the repo, then
          # upgrade from 1 through to the latest, with no data
          # in the databases. This just checks that the schema itself
          # upgrades successfully.
  
          # Place the database under version control
          with patch_with_engine(engine):
  
              script_directory = script.ScriptDirectory.from_config(alembic_cfg)
  
              self.assertIsNone(self.migration_api.version(alembic_cfg))
  
              versions = [ver for ver in script_directory.walk_revisions()]
  
              for version in reversed(versions):
                  self._migrate_up(engine, alembic_cfg,
                                   version.revision, with_data=True)
  
      def _migrate_up(self, engine, config, version, with_data=False):
          """migrate up to a new version of the db.
  
          We allow for data insertion and post checks at every
          migration version with special _pre_upgrade_### and
          _check_### functions in the main test.
          """
          # NOTE(sdague): try block is here because it's impossible to debug
          # where a failed data migration happens otherwise
          try:
              if with_data:
                  data = None
                  pre_upgrade = getattr(
                      self, "_pre_upgrade_%s" % version, None)
                  if pre_upgrade:
                      data = pre_upgrade(engine)
  
              self.migration_api.upgrade(version, config=config)
              self.assertEqual(version, self.migration_api.version(config))
              if with_data:
                  check = getattr(self, "_check_%s" % version, None)
                  if check:
                      check(engine, data)
          except Exception:
              LOG.error("Failed to migrate to version %(version)s on engine "
                        "%(engine)s",
                        {'version': version, 'engine': engine})
              raise
  
  
  class TestWalkVersions(base.TestCase, WalkVersionsMixin):
      def setUp(self):
          super(TestWalkVersions, self).setUp()
          self.migration_api = mock.MagicMock()
          self.engine = mock.MagicMock()
          self.config = mock.MagicMock()
          self.versions = [mock.Mock(revision='2b2'), mock.Mock(revision='1a1')]
  
      def test_migrate_up(self):
          self.migration_api.version.return_value = 'dsa123'
  
          self._migrate_up(self.engine, self.config, 'dsa123')
  
          self.migration_api.upgrade.assert_called_with('dsa123',
                                                        config=self.config)
          self.migration_api.version.assert_called_with(self.config)
  
      def test_migrate_up_with_data(self):
          test_value = {"a": 1, "b": 2}
          self.migration_api.version.return_value = '141'
          self._pre_upgrade_141 = mock.MagicMock()
          self._pre_upgrade_141.return_value = test_value
          self._check_141 = mock.MagicMock()
  
          self._migrate_up(self.engine, self.config, '141', True)
  
          self._pre_upgrade_141.assert_called_with(self.engine)
          self._check_141.assert_called_with(self.engine, test_value)
  
      @mock.patch.object(script, 'ScriptDirectory', autospec=True)
      @mock.patch.object(WalkVersionsMixin, '_migrate_up', autospec=True)
      def test_walk_versions_all_default(self, _migrate_up, script_directory):
          fc = script_directory.from_config.return_value
          fc.walk_revisions.return_value = self.versions
          self.migration_api.version.return_value = None
  
          self._walk_versions(self.engine, self.config)
  
          self.migration_api.version.assert_called_with(self.config)
  
          upgraded = [mock.call(self, self.engine, self.config, v.revision,
                      with_data=True) for v in reversed(self.versions)]
          self.assertEqual(self._migrate_up.call_args_list, upgraded)
  
      @mock.patch.object(script, 'ScriptDirectory', autospec=True)
      @mock.patch.object(WalkVersionsMixin, '_migrate_up', autospec=True)
      def test_walk_versions_all_false(self, _migrate_up, script_directory):
          fc = script_directory.from_config.return_value
          fc.walk_revisions.return_value = self.versions
          self.migration_api.version.return_value = None
  
          self._walk_versions(self.engine, self.config)
  
          upgraded = [mock.call(self, self.engine, self.config, v.revision,
                      with_data=True) for v in reversed(self.versions)]
          self.assertEqual(upgraded, self._migrate_up.call_args_list)
  
  
  class MigrationCheckersMixin(object):
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(MigrationCheckersMixin, self).setUp()
          self.engine = enginefacade.writer.get_engine()
          self.config = migration._alembic_config()
          self.migration_api = migration
          self.useFixture(fixtures.Timeout(MIGRATIONS_TIMEOUT,
                                           gentle=True))
  
      def test_walk_versions(self):
          self._walk_versions(self.engine, self.config)
  
      def _check_21b331f883ef(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('provision_updated_at', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.provision_updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
  
      def _check_3cb628139ea4(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
  
          self.assertIn('console_enabled', col_names)
          # in some backends bool type is integer
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.console_enabled.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _check_31baaf680d2b(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('instance_info', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.instance_info.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_3bea56f25597(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          instance_uuid = 'aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee'
          data = {'driver': 'fake',
                  'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                  'instance_uuid': instance_uuid}
  
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              data['uuid'] = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBDuplicateEntry,
                                connection.execute, nodes.insert(), data)
  
      def _check_487deb87cc9d(self, engine, data):
          conductors = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'conductors')
          column_names = [column.name for column in conductors.c]
  
          self.assertIn('online', column_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(conductors.c.online.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          column_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('conductor_affinity', column_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.conductor_affinity.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
  
          data_conductor = {'hostname': 'test_host'}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_conductor = conductors.insert().values(data_conductor)
              connection.execute(insert_conductor)
              conductor_stmt = conductors.select(
                  conductors.c.hostname == data_conductor['hostname'])
              conductor = connection.execute(conductor_stmt).first()
  
              data_node = {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                           'conductor_affinity': conductor['id']}
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data_node)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == data_node['uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(conductor['id'], node['conductor_affinity'])
  
      def _check_242cc6a923b3(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('maintenance_reason', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.maintenance_reason.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_5674c57409b9(self, engine):
          # add some nodes in various states so we can assert that "None"
          # was replaced by "available", and nothing else changed.
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          data = [{'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'provision_state': 'fake state'},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'provision_state': 'active'},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'provision_state': 'deleting'},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'provision_state': None}]
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
          return data
  
      def _check_5674c57409b9(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          result = engine.execute(nodes.select())
  
          def _get_state(uuid):
              for row in data:
                  if row['uuid'] == uuid:
                      return row['provision_state']
  
          for row in result:
              old = _get_state(row['uuid'])
              new = row['provision_state']
              if old is None:
                  self.assertEqual('available', new)
              else:
                  self.assertEqual(old, new)
  
      def _check_bb59b63f55a(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('driver_internal_info', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.driver_internal_info.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_3ae36a5f5131(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          column_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('name', column_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.name.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          data = {'driver': 'fake',
                  'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                  'name': 'node'
                  }
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              data['uuid'] = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBDuplicateEntry, connection.execute,
                                nodes.insert(), data)
  
      def _check_1e1d5ace7dc6(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          column_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('inspection_started_at', column_names)
          self.assertIn('inspection_finished_at', column_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.inspection_started_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.inspection_finished_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
  
      def _check_4f399b21ae71(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('clean_step', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.clean_step.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_789acc877671(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('raid_config', col_names)
          self.assertIn('target_raid_config', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.raid_config.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.target_raid_config.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_2fb93ffd2af1(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          bigstring = 'a' * 255
          uuid = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
          data = {'uuid': uuid, 'name': bigstring}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == uuid)
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(bigstring, node['name'])
  
      def _check_516faf1bb9b1(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          bigstring = 'a' * 255
          uuid = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
          data = {'uuid': uuid, 'driver': bigstring}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == uuid)
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(bigstring, node['driver'])
  
      def _check_48d6c242bb9b(self, engine, data):
          node_tags = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'node_tags')
          col_names = [column.name for column in node_tags.c]
          self.assertIn('tag', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_tags.c.tag.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              data = {'id': '123', 'name': 'node1'}
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              data = {'node_id': '123', 'tag': 'tag1'}
              insert_node_tag = node_tags.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node_tag)
              tag_stmt = node_tags.select(node_tags.c.node_id == '123')
              tag = connection.execute(tag_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual('tag1', tag['tag'])
  
      def _check_5ea1b0d310e(self, engine, data):
          portgroup = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'portgroups')
          col_names = [column.name for column in portgroup.c]
          expected_names = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'id', 'uuid', 'name',
                            'node_id', 'address', 'extra']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.name.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.address.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroup.c.extra.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ports.c]
          self.assertIn('pxe_enabled', col_names)
          self.assertIn('portgroup_id', col_names)
          self.assertIn('local_link_connection', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(ports.c.portgroup_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          # in some backends bool type is integer
          self.assertIsInstance(ports.c.pxe_enabled.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _pre_upgrade_f6fdb920c182(self, engine):
          # add some ports.
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          data = [{'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(), 'pxe_enabled': None},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(), 'pxe_enabled': None}]
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_ports = ports.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_ports)
          return data
  
      def _check_f6fdb920c182(self, engine, data):
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          result = engine.execute(ports.select())
  
          def _was_inserted(uuid):
              for row in data:
                  if row['uuid'] == uuid:
                      return True
  
          for row in result:
              if _was_inserted(row['uuid']):
                  self.assertTrue(row['pxe_enabled'])
  
      def _check_e294876e8028(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('network_interface', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.network_interface.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_10b163d4481e(self, engine, data):
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          portgroups = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'portgroups')
          port_col_names = [column.name for column in ports.c]
          portgroup_col_names = [column.name for column in portgroups.c]
          self.assertIn('internal_info', port_col_names)
          self.assertIn('internal_info', portgroup_col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(ports.c.internal_info.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroups.c.internal_info.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_dd34e1f1303b(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('resource_class', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.resource_class.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_c14cef6dfedf(self, engine):
          # add some nodes.
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          data = [{'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'network_interface': None},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'network_interface': None},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
                   'network_interface': 'neutron'}]
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
          return data
  
      def _check_c14cef6dfedf(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          result = engine.execute(nodes.select())
          counts = collections.defaultdict(int)
  
          def _was_inserted(uuid):
              for row in data:
                  if row['uuid'] == uuid:
                      return True
  
          for row in result:
              if _was_inserted(row['uuid']):
                  counts[row['network_interface']] += 1
  
          # using default config values, we should have 2 flat and one neutron
          self.assertEqual(2, counts['flat'])
          self.assertEqual(1, counts['neutron'])
          self.assertEqual(0, counts[None])
  
      def _check_60cf717201bc(self, engine, data):
          portgroups = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'portgroups')
          col_names = [column.name for column in portgroups.c]
          self.assertIn('standalone_ports_supported', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroups.c.standalone_ports_supported.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _check_bcdd431ba0bf(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          added_ifaces = ['boot', 'console', 'deploy', 'inspect',
                          'management', 'power', 'raid', 'vendor']
          for iface in added_ifaces:
              name = '%s_interface' % iface
              self.assertIn(name, col_names)
              self.assertIsInstance(getattr(nodes.c, name).type,
                                    sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_daa1ba02d98(self, engine, data):
          connectors = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'volume_connectors')
          col_names = [column.name for column in connectors.c]
          expected_names = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'id', 'uuid', 'node_id',
                            'type', 'connector_id', 'extra']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.connector_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(connectors.c.extra.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_1a59178ebdf6(self, engine, data):
          targets = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'volume_targets')
          col_names = [column.name for column in targets.c]
          expected_names = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'id', 'uuid', 'node_id',
                            'boot_index', 'extra', 'properties', 'volume_type',
                            'volume_id']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.boot_index.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.extra.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.properties.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.volume_type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(targets.c.volume_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_493d8f27f235(self, engine):
          portgroups = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'portgroups')
          data = [{'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid()},
                  {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid()}]
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_portgroups = portgroups.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_portgroups)
          return data
  
      def _check_493d8f27f235(self, engine, data):
          portgroups = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'portgroups')
          col_names = [column.name for column in portgroups.c]
          self.assertIn('properties', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroups.c.properties.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIn('mode', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(portgroups.c.mode.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
          result = engine.execute(portgroups.select())
          for row in result:
              self.assertEqual(CONF.default_portgroup_mode, row['mode'])
  
      def _check_1d6951876d68(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('storage_interface', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.storage_interface.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_2353895ecfae(self, engine, data):
          ifaces = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'conductor_hardware_interfaces')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ifaces.c]
          expected_names = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'id', 'conductor_id',
                            'hardware_type', 'interface_type', 'interface_name']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.conductor_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.hardware_type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.interface_type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.interface_name.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_dbefd6bdaa2c(self, engine, data):
          ifaces = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'conductor_hardware_interfaces')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ifaces.c]
          self.assertIn('default', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(ifaces.c.default.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _check_3d86a077a3f2(self, engine, data):
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ports.c]
          self.assertIn('physical_network', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(ports.c.physical_network.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_868cb606a74a(self, engine, data):
          for table in ['chassis', 'conductors', 'node_tags', 'nodes',
                        'portgroups', 'ports', 'volume_connectors',
                        'volume_targets', 'conductor_hardware_interfaces']:
              table = db_utils.get_table(engine, table)
              col_names = [column.name for column in table.c]
              self.assertIn('version', col_names)
              self.assertIsInstance(table.c.version.type,
                                    sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_405cfe08f18d(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('rescue_interface', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.rescue_interface.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_b4130a7fc904(self, engine):
          # Create a node to which traits can be added.
          data = {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid()}
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == data['uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              data['id'] = node['id']
          return data
  
      def _check_b4130a7fc904(self, engine, data):
          node_traits = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'node_traits')
          col_names = [column.name for column in node_traits.c]
          self.assertIn('node_id', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_traits.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIn('trait', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_traits.c.trait.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
          trait = {'node_id': data['id'], 'trait': 'trait1'}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_trait = node_traits.insert().values(trait)
              connection.execute(insert_trait)
              trait_stmt = node_traits.select(
                  node_traits.c.node_id == data['id'])
              trait = connection.execute(trait_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual('trait1', trait['trait'])
  
      def _pre_upgrade_82c315d60161(self, engine):
          # Create a node to which bios setting can be added.
          data = {'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid()}
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == data['uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              data['id'] = node['id']
          return data
  
      def _check_82c315d60161(self, engine, data):
          bios_settings = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'bios_settings')
          col_names = [column.name for column in bios_settings.c]
          expected_names = ['node_id', 'created_at', 'updated_at',
                            'name', 'value', 'version']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.name.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.version.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.value.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Text)
  
          setting = {'node_id': data['id'],
                     'name': 'virtualization',
                     'value': 'on'}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_bios_settings = bios_settings.insert().values(setting)
              connection.execute(insert_bios_settings)
              setting_stmt = bios_settings.select(
                  sqlalchemy.sql.and_(
                      bios_settings.c.node_id == data['id'],
                      bios_settings.c.name == setting['name']))
              setting = connection.execute(setting_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual('on', setting['value'])
  
      def _check_2bbd96b6ccb9(self, engine, data):
          bios_settings = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'bios_settings')
          col_names = [column.name for column in bios_settings.c]
          self.assertIn('attribute_type', col_names)
          self.assertIn('allowable_values', col_names)
          self.assertIn('lower_bound', col_names)
          self.assertIn('max_length', col_names)
          self.assertIn('min_length', col_names)
          self.assertIn('read_only', col_names)
          self.assertIn('reset_required', col_names)
          self.assertIn('unique', col_names)
          self.assertIn('upper_bound', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.attribute_type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.allowable_values.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.lower_bound.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.max_length.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.min_length.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.read_only.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.reset_required.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.unique.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
          self.assertIsInstance(bios_settings.c.upper_bound.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
  
      def _check_2d13bc3d6bba(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('bios_interface', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.bios_interface.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_fb3f10dd262e(self, engine, data):
          nodes_tbl = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes_tbl.c]
          self.assertIn('fault', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes_tbl.c.fault.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_b9117ac17882(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('deploy_step', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.deploy_step.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_664f85c2f622(self, engine):
          # Create a node and a conductor to verify existing records
          # get a conductor_group of ""
          data = {
              'conductor_id': 98765432,
              'node_uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
          }
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          conductors = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'conductors')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values({'uuid': data['node_uuid']})
              connection.execute(insert_node)
              insert_conductor = conductors.insert().values(
                  {'id': data['conductor_id'],
                   'hostname': uuidutils.generate_uuid()})
              connection.execute(insert_conductor)
          return data
  
      def _check_664f85c2f622(self, engine, data):
          nodes_tbl = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          conductors_tbl = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'conductors')
          for tbl in (nodes_tbl, conductors_tbl):
              col_names = [column.name for column in tbl.c]
              self.assertIn('conductor_group', col_names)
              self.assertIsInstance(tbl.c.conductor_group.type,
                                    sqlalchemy.types.String)
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              node_stmt = nodes_tbl.select(
                  nodes_tbl.c.uuid == data['node_uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(node['conductor_group'], "")
  
              conductor_stmt = conductors_tbl.select(
                  conductors_tbl.c.id == data['conductor_id'])
              conductor = connection.execute(conductor_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(conductor['conductor_group'], "")
  
      def _check_d2b036ae9378(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('automated_clean', col_names)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_93706939026c(self, engine):
          data = {
              'node_uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
          }
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values({'uuid': data['node_uuid']})
              connection.execute(insert_node)
          return data
  
      def _check_93706939026c(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('protected', col_names)
          self.assertIn('protected_reason', col_names)
  
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              node_stmt = nodes.select(
                  nodes.c.uuid == data['node_uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertFalse(node['protected'])
              self.assertIsNone(node['protected_reason'])
  
      def _check_f190f9d00a11(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('owner', col_names)
  
      def _pre_upgrade_dd67b91a1981(self, engine):
          data = {
              'node_uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
          }
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values({'uuid': data['node_uuid']})
              connection.execute(insert_node)
          return data
  
      def _check_dd67b91a1981(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('allocation_id', col_names)
  
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              node_stmt = nodes.select(
                  nodes.c.uuid == data['node_uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertIsNone(node['allocation_id'])
  
          allocations = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'allocations')
          col_names = [column.name for column in allocations.c]
          expected_names = ['id', 'uuid', 'node_id', 'created_at', 'updated_at',
                            'name', 'version', 'state', 'last_error',
                            'resource_class', 'traits', 'candidate_nodes',
                            'extra', 'conductor_affinity']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.state.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.last_error.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.resource_class.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.traits.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.candidate_nodes.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.extra.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(allocations.c.conductor_affinity.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
  
      def _check_9cbeefa3763f(self, engine, data):
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ports.c]
          self.assertIn('is_smartnic', col_names)
          # in some backends bool type is integer
          self.assertIsInstance(ports.c.is_smartnic.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _check_28c44432c9c3(self, engine, data):
          nodes_tbl = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes_tbl.c]
          self.assertIn('description', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes_tbl.c.description.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_2aac7e0872f6(self, engine, data):
          # Deploy templates.
          deploy_templates = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'deploy_templates')
          col_names = [column.name for column in deploy_templates.c]
          expected = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'version',
                      'id', 'uuid', 'name']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected), sorted(col_names))
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.version.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.name.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
          # Deploy template steps.
          deploy_template_steps = db_utils.get_table(engine,
                                                     'deploy_template_steps')
          col_names = [column.name for column in deploy_template_steps.c]
          expected = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'version',
                      'id', 'deploy_template_id', 'interface', 'step', 'args',
                      'priority']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.version.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.deploy_template_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.interface.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.step.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.args.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Text)
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_template_steps.c.priority.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
  
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              # Insert a deploy template.
              uuid = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
              name = 'CUSTOM_DT1'
              template = {'name': name, 'uuid': uuid}
              insert_dpt = deploy_templates.insert().values(template)
              connection.execute(insert_dpt)
              # Query by UUID.
              dpt_uuid_stmt = deploy_templates.select(
                  deploy_templates.c.uuid == uuid)
              result = connection.execute(dpt_uuid_stmt).first()
              template_id = result['id']
              self.assertEqual(name, result['name'])
              # Query by name.
              dpt_name_stmt = deploy_templates.select(
                  deploy_templates.c.name == name)
              result = connection.execute(dpt_name_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(template_id, result['id'])
              # Query by ID.
              dpt_id_stmt = deploy_templates.select(
                  deploy_templates.c.id == template_id)
              result = connection.execute(dpt_id_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(uuid, result['uuid'])
              self.assertEqual(name, result['name'])
              savepoint_uuid = connection.begin_nested()
              # UUID is unique.
              template = {'name': 'CUSTOM_DT2', 'uuid': uuid}
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBDuplicateEntry, connection.execute,
                                deploy_templates.insert(), template)
              savepoint_uuid.rollback()
              savepoint_uuid.close()
              # Name is unique.
              savepoint_name = connection.begin_nested()
              template = {'name': name, 'uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid()}
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBDuplicateEntry, connection.execute,
                                deploy_templates.insert(), template)
              savepoint_name.rollback()
              savepoint_name.close()
  
              # Insert a deploy template step.
              interface = 'raid'
              step_name = 'create_configuration'
              args = '{"logical_disks": []}'
              priority = 10
              step = {'deploy_template_id': template_id, 'interface': interface,
                      'step': step_name, 'args': args, 'priority': priority}
              insert_dpts = deploy_template_steps.insert().values(step)
              connection.execute(insert_dpts)
              # Query by deploy template ID.
              query_id_stmt = deploy_template_steps.select(
                  deploy_template_steps.c.deploy_template_id
                  == template_id)
              result = connection.execute(query_id_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(template_id, result['deploy_template_id'])
              self.assertEqual(interface, result['interface'])
              self.assertEqual(step_name, result['step'])
              self.assertEqual(args, result['args'])
              self.assertEqual(priority, result['priority'])
              # Insert another step for the same template.
              insert_step = deploy_template_steps.insert().values(step)
              connection.execute(insert_step)
  
      def _check_1e15e7122cc9(self, engine, data):
          # Deploy template 'extra' field.
          deploy_templates = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'deploy_templates')
          col_names = [column.name for column in deploy_templates.c]
          expected = ['created_at', 'updated_at', 'version',
                      'id', 'uuid', 'name', 'extra']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected), sorted(col_names))
          self.assertIsInstance(deploy_templates.c.extra.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
  
      def _check_ce6c4b3cf5a2(self, engine, data):
          allocations = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'allocations')
          col_names = [column.name for column in allocations.c]
          self.assertIn('owner', col_names)
  
      def _check_cf1a80fdb352(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('network_data', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(
              nodes.c.network_data.type, sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def _check_c1846a214450(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('boot_mode', col_names)
          self.assertIn('secure_boot', col_names)
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.boot_mode.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          # in some backends bool type is integer
          self.assertIsInstance(nodes.c.secure_boot.type,
                                (sqlalchemy.types.Boolean,
                                 sqlalchemy.types.Integer))
  
      def _pre_upgrade_cd2c80feb331(self, engine):
          data = {
              'node_uuid': uuidutils.generate_uuid(),
          }
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values({'uuid': data['node_uuid']})
              connection.execute(insert_node)
  
          return data
  
      def _check_cd2c80feb331(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('retired', col_names)
          self.assertIn('retired_reason', col_names)
  
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              node_stmt = nodes.select(
                  nodes.c.uuid == data['node_uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertFalse(node['retired'])
              self.assertIsNone(node['retired_reason'])
  
      def _check_b2ad35726bb0(self, engine, data):
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          col_names = [column.name for column in nodes.c]
          self.assertIn('lessee', col_names)
  
      def _check_c0455649680c(self, engine, data):
          ports = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'ports')
          col_names = [column.name for column in ports.c]
          self.assertIn('name', col_names)
  
      def _check_9ef41f07cb58(self, engine, data):
          node_history = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'node_history')
          col_names = [column.name for column in node_history.c]
  
          expected_names = ['version', 'created_at', 'updated_at', 'id', 'uuid',
                            'conductor', 'event_type', 'severity', 'event',
                            'user', 'node_id']
          self.assertEqual(sorted(expected_names), sorted(col_names))
  
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.created_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.updated_at.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.DateTime)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.uuid.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.conductor.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.event_type.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.severity.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.event.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.TEXT)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.node_id.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.Integer)
          self.assertIsInstance(node_history.c.user.type,
                                sqlalchemy.types.String)
  
      def test_upgrade_and_version(self):
          with patch_with_engine(self.engine):
              self.migration_api.upgrade('head')
              self.assertIsNotNone(self.migration_api.version())
  
      def test_create_schema_and_version(self):
          with patch_with_engine(self.engine):
              self.migration_api.create_schema()
              self.assertIsNotNone(self.migration_api.version())
  
      def test_upgrade_and_create_schema(self):
          with patch_with_engine(self.engine):
              self.migration_api.upgrade('31baaf680d2b')
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBMigrationError,
                                self.migration_api.create_schema)
  
      def test_upgrade_twice(self):
          with patch_with_engine(self.engine):
              self.migration_api.upgrade('31baaf680d2b')
              v1 = self.migration_api.version()
              self.migration_api.upgrade('head')
              v2 = self.migration_api.version()
              self.assertNotEqual(v1, v2)
  
  
  class TestMigrationsMySQL(MigrationCheckersMixin,
                            WalkVersionsMixin,
                            test_fixtures.OpportunisticDBTestMixin,
                            test_base.BaseTestCase):
      FIXTURE = test_fixtures.MySQLOpportunisticFixture
  
      def _pre_upgrade_e918ff30eb42(self, engine):
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
  
          # this should always fail pre-upgrade
          mediumtext = 'a' * (pow(2, 16) + 1)
          uuid = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
          expected_to_fail_data = {'uuid': uuid, 'instance_info': mediumtext}
          # this should always work pre-upgrade
          text = 'a' * (pow(2, 16) - 1)
          uuid2 = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
          valid_pre_upgrade_data = {'uuid': uuid2, 'instance_info': text}
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              self.assertRaises(db_exc.DBError, connection.execute,
                                nodes.insert(), expected_to_fail_data)
  
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(valid_pre_upgrade_data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
  
          return valid_pre_upgrade_data
  
      def _check_e918ff30eb42(self, engine, data):
  
          nodes = db_utils.get_table(engine, 'nodes')
          with engine.begin() as connection:
              # check that the data for the successful pre-upgrade
              # entry didn't change
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == data['uuid'])
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertIsNotNone(node)
              self.assertEqual(data['instance_info'], node['instance_info'])
  
              # now this should pass post-upgrade
              test = 'b' * (pow(2, 16) + 1)
              uuid = uuidutils.generate_uuid()
              data = {'uuid': uuid, 'instance_info': test}
              insert_node = nodes.insert().values(data)
              connection.execute(insert_node)
  
              node_stmt = nodes.select(nodes.c.uuid == uuid)
              node = connection.execute(node_stmt).first()
              self.assertEqual(test, node['instance_info'])
  
  
  class TestMigrationsPostgreSQL(MigrationCheckersMixin,
                                 WalkVersionsMixin,
                                 test_fixtures.OpportunisticDBTestMixin,
                                 test_base.BaseTestCase):
      FIXTURE = test_fixtures.PostgresqlOpportunisticFixture
  
  
  class ModelsMigrationSyncMixin(object):
  
      def setUp(self):
          super(ModelsMigrationSyncMixin, self).setUp()
          self.engine = enginefacade.writer.get_engine()
          self.useFixture(fixtures.Timeout(MIGRATIONS_TIMEOUT,
                                           gentle=True))
  
      def get_metadata(self):
          return models.Base.metadata
  
      def get_engine(self):
          return self.engine
  
      def db_sync(self, engine):
          with patch_with_engine(engine):
              migration.upgrade('head')
  
  
  class ModelsMigrationsSyncMysql(ModelsMigrationSyncMixin,
                                  test_migrations.ModelsMigrationsSync,
                                  test_fixtures.OpportunisticDBTestMixin,
                                  test_base.BaseTestCase):
      FIXTURE = test_fixtures.MySQLOpportunisticFixture
  
  
  class ModelsMigrationsSyncPostgres(ModelsMigrationSyncMixin,
                                     test_migrations.ModelsMigrationsSync,
                                     test_fixtures.OpportunisticDBTestMixin,
                                     test_base.BaseTestCase):
      FIXTURE = test_fixtures.PostgresqlOpportunisticFixture
  