text: import os
  import sys
  import traceback
  from enum import Enum
  from typing import Callable, Dict, Generator, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple, Union
  
  import click
  import hypothesis
  import yaml
  
  from .. import checks as checks_module
  from .. import runner
  from .. import targets as targets_module
  from ..constants import DEFAULT_STATEFUL_RECURSION_LIMIT
  from ..fixups import ALL_FIXUPS
  from ..hooks import GLOBAL_HOOK_DISPATCHER, HookContext, HookDispatcher, HookScope
  from ..models import CheckFunction
  from ..runner import events
  from ..stateful import Stateful
  from ..targets import Target
  from ..types import Filter
  from . import callbacks, cassettes, output
  from .context import ExecutionContext
  from .handlers import EventHandler
  from .junitxml import JunitXMLHandler
  from .options import CSVOption, NotSet, OptionalInt
  
  try:
      from yaml import CSafeLoader as SafeLoader
  except ImportError:
      # pylint: disable=unused-import
      from yaml import SafeLoader  # type: ignore
  
  
  def _get_callable_names(items: Tuple[Callable, ...]) -> Tuple[str, ...]:
      return tuple(item.__name__ for item in items)
  
  
  CONTEXT_SETTINGS = {"help_option_names": ["-h", "--help"]}
  
  DEFAULT_CHECKS_NAMES = _get_callable_names(checks_module.DEFAULT_CHECKS)
  ALL_CHECKS_NAMES = _get_callable_names(checks_module.ALL_CHECKS)
  CHECKS_TYPE = click.Choice((*ALL_CHECKS_NAMES, "all"))
  
  DEFAULT_TARGETS_NAMES = _get_callable_names(targets_module.DEFAULT_TARGETS)
  ALL_TARGETS_NAMES = _get_callable_names(targets_module.ALL_TARGETS)
  TARGETS_TYPE = click.Choice((*ALL_TARGETS_NAMES, "all"))
  
  DEFAULT_WORKERS = 1
  MAX_WORKERS = 64
  
  
  def register_target(function: Target) -> Target:
      """Register a new testing target for schemathesis CLI."""
      targets_module.ALL_TARGETS += (function,)
      TARGETS_TYPE.choices += (function.__name__,)  # type: ignore
      return function
  
  
  def register_check(function: CheckFunction) -> CheckFunction:
      """Register a new check for schemathesis CLI."""
      checks_module.ALL_CHECKS += (function,)
      CHECKS_TYPE.choices += (function.__name__,)  # type: ignore
      return function
  
  
  def reset_checks() -> None:
      """Get checks list to their default state."""
      # Useful in tests
      checks_module.ALL_CHECKS = checks_module.DEFAULT_CHECKS + checks_module.OPTIONAL_CHECKS
      CHECKS_TYPE.choices = _get_callable_names(checks_module.ALL_CHECKS) + ("all",)
  
  
  def reset_targets() -> None:
      """Get targets list to their default state."""
      # Useful in tests
      targets_module.ALL_TARGETS = targets_module.DEFAULT_TARGETS + targets_module.OPTIONAL_TARGETS
      TARGETS_TYPE.choices = _get_callable_names(targets_module.ALL_TARGETS) + ("all",)
  
  
  @click.group(context_settings=CONTEXT_SETTINGS)
  @click.option("--pre-run", help="A module to execute before the running the tests.", type=str)
  @click.version_option()
  def schemathesis(pre_run: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
      """Command line tool for testing your web application built with Open API / Swagger specifications."""
      if pre_run:
          load_hook(pre_run)
  
  
  @schemathesis.command(short_help="Perform schemathesis test.")
  @click.argument("schema", type=str, callback=callbacks.validate_schema)
  @click.option(
      "--checks", "-c", multiple=True, help="List of checks to run.", type=CHECKS_TYPE, default=DEFAULT_CHECKS_NAMES
  )
  @click.option(
      "--max-response-time",
      help="A custom check that will fail if the response time is greater than the specified one in milliseconds.",
      type=click.IntRange(min=1),
  )
  @click.option(
      "--target",
      "-t",
      "targets",
      multiple=True,
      help="Targets for input generation.",
      type=TARGETS_TYPE,
      default=DEFAULT_TARGETS_NAMES,
  )
  @click.option(
      "-x", "--exitfirst", "exit_first", is_flag=True, default=False, help="Exit instantly on first error or failed test."
  )
  @click.option(
      "--auth", "-a", help="Server user and password. Example: USER:PASSWORD", type=str, callback=callbacks.validate_auth
  )
  @click.option(
      "--auth-type",
      "-A",
      type=click.Choice(["basic", "digest"], case_sensitive=False),
      default="basic",
      help="The authentication mechanism to be used. Defaults to 'basic'.",
  )
  @click.option(
      "--header",
      "-H",
      "headers",
      help=r"Custom header in a that will be used in all requests to the server. Example: Authorization: Bearer\ 123",
      multiple=True,
      type=str,
      callback=callbacks.validate_headers,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--endpoint",
      "-E",
      "endpoints",
      type=str,
      multiple=True,
      help=r"Filter schemathesis test by endpoint pattern. Example: users/\d+",
      callback=callbacks.validate_regex,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--method",
      "-M",
      "methods",
      type=str,
      multiple=True,
      help="Filter schemathesis test by HTTP method.",
      callback=callbacks.validate_regex,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--tag",
      "-T",
      "tags",
      type=str,
      multiple=True,
      help="Filter schemathesis test by schema tag pattern.",
      callback=callbacks.validate_regex,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--operation-id",
      "-O",
      "operation_ids",
      type=str,
      multiple=True,
      help="Filter schemathesis test by operationId pattern.",
      callback=callbacks.validate_regex,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--workers",
      "-w",
      "workers_num",
      help="Number of workers to run tests.",
      type=click.IntRange(1, MAX_WORKERS),
      default=DEFAULT_WORKERS,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--base-url",
      "-b",
      help="Base URL address of the API, required for SCHEMA if specified by file.",
      type=str,
      callback=callbacks.validate_base_url,
  )
  @click.option("--app", help="WSGI/ASGI application to test.", type=str, callback=callbacks.validate_app)
  @click.option(
      "--request-timeout",
      help="Timeout in milliseconds for network requests during the test run.",
      type=click.IntRange(1),
  )
  @click.option("--validate-schema", help="Enable or disable validation of input schema.", type=bool, default=True)
  @click.option(
      "--skip-deprecated-endpoints",
      help="Skip testing of deprecated endpoints.",
      is_flag=True,
      is_eager=True,
      default=False,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--junit-xml", help="Create junit-xml style report file at given path.", type=click.File("w", encoding="utf-8")
  )
  @click.option(
      "--show-errors-tracebacks",
      help="Show full tracebacks for internal errors.",
      is_flag=True,
      is_eager=True,
      default=False,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--store-network-log", help="Store requests and responses into a file.", type=click.File("w", encoding="utf-8")
  )
  @click.option(
      "--fixups",
      help="Install specified compatibility fixups.",
      multiple=True,
      type=click.Choice(list(ALL_FIXUPS) + ["all"]),
  )
  @click.option(
      "--stateful",
      help="Utilize stateful testing capabilities.",
      type=click.Choice([item.name for item in Stateful]),
      callback=callbacks.convert_stateful,
  )
  @click.option(
      "--stateful-recursion-limit",
      help="Limit recursion depth for stateful testing.",
      default=DEFAULT_STATEFUL_RECURSION_LIMIT,
      type=click.IntRange(1, 100),
  )
  @click.option(
      "--hypothesis-deadline",
      help="Duration in milliseconds that each individual example with a test is not allowed to exceed.",
      # max value to avoid overflow. It is the maximum amount of days in milliseconds
      type=OptionalInt(1, 999999999 * 24 * 3600 * 1000),
  )
  @click.option("--hypothesis-derandomize", help="Use Hypothesis's deterministic mode.", is_flag=True, default=None)
  @click.option(
      "--hypothesis-max-examples",
      help="Maximum number of generated examples per each method/endpoint combination.",
      type=click.IntRange(1),
  )
  @click.option("--hypothesis-phases", help="Control which phases should be run.", type=CSVOption(hypothesis.Phase))
  @click.option(
      "--hypothesis-report-multiple-bugs", help="Raise only the exception with the smallest minimal example.", type=bool
  )
  @click.option("--hypothesis-seed", help="Set a seed to use for all Hypothesis tests.", type=int)
  @click.option(
      "--hypothesis-suppress-health-check",
      help="Comma-separated list of health checks to disable.",
      type=CSVOption(hypothesis.HealthCheck),
  )
  @click.option(
      "--hypothesis-verbosity",
      help="Verbosity level of Hypothesis messages.",
      type=click.Choice([item.name for item in hypothesis.Verbosity]),
      callback=callbacks.convert_verbosity,
  )
  @click.option("--verbosity", "-v", help="Reduce verbosity of error output.", count=True)
  def run(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
      schema: str,
      auth: Optional[Tuple[str, str]],
      auth_type: str,
      headers: Dict[str, str],
      checks: Iterable[str] = DEFAULT_CHECKS_NAMES,
      max_response_time: Optional[int] = None,
      targets: Iterable[str] = DEFAULT_TARGETS_NAMES,
      exit_first: bool = False,
      endpoints: Optional[Filter] = None,
      methods: Optional[Filter] = None,
      tags: Optional[Filter] = None,
      operation_ids: Optional[Filter] = None,
      workers_num: int = DEFAULT_WORKERS,
      base_url: Optional[str] = None,
      app: Optional[str] = None,
      request_timeout: Optional[int] = None,
      validate_schema: bool = True,
      skip_deprecated_endpoints: bool = False,
      junit_xml: Optional[click.utils.LazyFile] = None,
      show_errors_tracebacks: bool = False,
      store_network_log: Optional[click.utils.LazyFile] = None,
      fixups: Tuple[str] = (),  # type: ignore
      stateful: Optional[Stateful] = None,
      stateful_recursion_limit: int = DEFAULT_STATEFUL_RECURSION_LIMIT,
      hypothesis_deadline: Optional[Union[int, NotSet]] = None,
      hypothesis_derandomize: Optional[bool] = None,
      hypothesis_max_examples: Optional[int] = None,
      hypothesis_phases: Optional[List[hypothesis.Phase]] = None,
      hypothesis_report_multiple_bugs: Optional[bool] = None,
      hypothesis_suppress_health_check: Optional[List[hypothesis.HealthCheck]] = None,
      hypothesis_seed: Optional[int] = None,
      hypothesis_verbosity: Optional[hypothesis.Verbosity] = None,
      verbosity: int = 0,
  ) -> None:
      """Perform schemathesis test against an API specified by SCHEMA.
  
      SCHEMA must be a valid URL or file path pointing to an Open API / Swagger specification.
      """
      # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
      selected_targets = tuple(target for target in targets_module.ALL_TARGETS if target.__name__ in targets)
  
      if "all" in checks:
          selected_checks = checks_module.ALL_CHECKS
      else:
          selected_checks = tuple(check for check in checks_module.ALL_CHECKS if check.__name__ in checks)
  
      prepared_runner = runner.prepare(
          schema,
          auth=auth,
          auth_type=auth_type,
          headers=headers,
          request_timeout=request_timeout,
          base_url=base_url,
          endpoint=endpoints,
          method=methods,
          tag=tags,
          operation_id=operation_ids,
          app=app,
          seed=hypothesis_seed,
          exit_first=exit_first,
          store_interactions=store_network_log is not None,
          checks=selected_checks,
          max_response_time=max_response_time,
          targets=selected_targets,
          workers_num=workers_num,
          validate_schema=validate_schema,
          skip_deprecated_endpoints=skip_deprecated_endpoints,
          fixups=fixups,
          stateful=stateful,
          stateful_recursion_limit=stateful_recursion_limit,
          hypothesis_deadline=hypothesis_deadline,
          hypothesis_derandomize=hypothesis_derandomize,
          hypothesis_max_examples=hypothesis_max_examples,
          hypothesis_phases=hypothesis_phases,
          hypothesis_report_multiple_bugs=hypothesis_report_multiple_bugs,
          hypothesis_suppress_health_check=hypothesis_suppress_health_check,
          hypothesis_verbosity=hypothesis_verbosity,
      )
      execute(prepared_runner, workers_num, show_errors_tracebacks, store_network_log, junit_xml, verbosity)
  
  
  def get_output_handler(workers_num: int) -> EventHandler:
      if workers_num > 1:
          output_style = OutputStyle.short
      else:
          output_style = OutputStyle.default
      return output_style.value()
  
  
  def load_hook(module_name: str) -> None:
      """Load the given hook by importing it."""
      try:
          sys.path.append(os.getcwd())  # fix ModuleNotFoundError module in cwd
          __import__(module_name)
      except Exception as exc:
          click.secho("An exception happened during the hook loading:\n", fg="red")
          message = traceback.format_exc()
          click.secho(message, fg="red")
          raise click.Abort() from exc
  
  
  class OutputStyle(Enum):
      """Provide different output styles."""
  
      default = output.default.DefaultOutputStyleHandler
      short = output.short.ShortOutputStyleHandler
  
  
  def execute(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments
      prepared_runner: Generator[events.ExecutionEvent, None, None],
      workers_num: int,
      show_errors_tracebacks: bool,
      store_network_log: Optional[click.utils.LazyFile],
      junit_xml: Optional[click.utils.LazyFile],
      verbosity: int,
  ) -> None:
      """Execute a prepared runner by drawing events from it and passing to a proper handler."""
      handlers: List[EventHandler] = []
      if junit_xml is not None:
          handlers.append(JunitXMLHandler(junit_xml))
      if store_network_log is not None:
          # This handler should be first to have logs writing completed when the output handler will display statistic
          handlers.append(cassettes.CassetteWriter(store_network_log))
      handlers.append(get_output_handler(workers_num))
      execution_context = ExecutionContext(
          workers_num=workers_num,
          show_errors_tracebacks=show_errors_tracebacks,
          cassette_file_name=store_network_log.name if store_network_log is not None else None,
          junit_xml_file=junit_xml.name if junit_xml is not None else None,
          verbosity=verbosity,
      )
      GLOBAL_HOOK_DISPATCHER.dispatch("after_init_cli_run_handlers", HookContext(), handlers, execution_context)
      try:
          for event in prepared_runner:
              for handler in handlers:
                  handler.handle_event(execution_context, event)
      except click.exceptions.Exit:
          raise
      except Exception as exc:
          for handler in handlers:
              handler.shutdown()
          if isinstance(exc, click.Abort):
              # To avoid showing "Aborted!" message, which is the default behavior in Click
              sys.exit(1)
          raise
  
  
  @schemathesis.command(short_help="Replay requests from a saved cassette.")
  @click.argument("cassette_path", type=click.Path(exists=True))
  @click.option("--id", "id_", help="ID of interaction to replay.", type=str)
  @click.option("--status", help="Status of interactions to replay.", type=str)
  @click.option("--uri", help="A regexp that filters interactions by their request URI.", type=str)
  @click.option("--method", help="A regexp that filters interactions by their request method.", type=str)
  def replay(
      cassette_path: str,
      id_: Optional[str],
      status: Optional[str] = None,
      uri: Optional[str] = None,
      method: Optional[str] = None,
  ) -> None:
      """Replay a cassette.
  
      Cassettes in VCR-compatible format can be replayed.
      For example, ones that are recorded with ``store-network-log`` option of `schemathesis run` command.
      """
      click.secho(f"{bold('Replaying cassette')}: {cassette_path}")
      with open(cassette_path) as fd:
          cassette = yaml.load(fd, Loader=SafeLoader)
      click.secho(f"{bold('Total interactions')}: {len(cassette['http_interactions'])}\n")
      for replayed in cassettes.replay(cassette, id_=id_, status=status, uri=uri, method=method):
          click.secho(f"  {bold('ID')}              : {replayed.interaction['id']}")
          click.secho(f"  {bold('URI')}             : {replayed.interaction['request']['uri']}")
          click.secho(f"  {bold('Old status code')} : {replayed.interaction['response']['status']['code']}")
          click.secho(f"  {bold('New status code')} : {replayed.response.status_code}\n")
  
  
  def bold(message: str) -> str:
      return click.style(message, bold=True)
  
  
  @HookDispatcher.register_spec([HookScope.GLOBAL])
  def after_init_cli_run_handlers(
      context: HookContext, handlers: List[EventHandler], execution_context: ExecutionContext
  ) -> None:
      """Called after CLI hooks are initialized.
  
      Might be used to add extra event handlers.
      """
  