text: ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  /// OpenGL Mathematics (glm.g-truc.net)
  ///
  /// Copyright (c) 2005 - 2012 G-Truc Creation (www.g-truc.net)
  /// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  /// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
  /// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  /// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  /// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  /// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  /// 
  /// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  /// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  /// 
  /// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  /// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  /// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
  /// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  /// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  /// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  /// THE SOFTWARE.
  ///
  /// @ref core
  /// @file glm/core/func_integer.inl
  /// @date 2010-03-17 / 2011-06-15
  /// @author Christophe Riccio
  ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
  
  #include "_vectorize.hpp"
  #if(GLM_COMPILER & GLM_COMPILER_VC)
  #include <intrin.h>
  #pragma intrinsic(_BitScanReverse)
  #endif
  
  namespace glm
  {
  	// uaddCarry
  	template <typename genUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER genUType uaddCarry
  	(
  		genUType const & x, 
  		genUType const & y, 
  		genUType & Carry
  	)
  	{
  		detail::highp_uint_t Value64 = detail::highp_uint_t(x) + detail::highp_uint_t(y);
  		genUType Result = genUType(Value64 % (detail::highp_uint_t(1) << detail::highp_uint_t(32)));
  		Carry = (Value64 % (detail::highp_uint_t(1) << detail::highp_uint_t(32))) > 1 ? 1 : 0;
  		return Result;
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> uaddCarry
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & Carry
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			uaddCarry(x[0], y[0], Carry[0]),
  			uaddCarry(x[1], y[1], Carry[1]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> uaddCarry
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & Carry
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			uaddCarry(x[0], y[0], Carry[0]),
  			uaddCarry(x[1], y[1], Carry[1]),
  			uaddCarry(x[2], y[2], Carry[2]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> uaddCarry
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & Carry
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			uaddCarry(x[0], y[0], Carry[0]),
  			uaddCarry(x[1], y[1], Carry[1]),
  			uaddCarry(x[2], y[2], Carry[2]),
  			uaddCarry(x[3], y[3], Carry[3]));
  	}
  
  	// usubBorrow
  	template <typename genUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER genUType usubBorrow
  	(
  		genUType const & x, 
  		genUType const & y, 
  		genUType & Borrow
  	)
  	{
  		Borrow = x >= y ? 0 : 1;
  		if(x > y)
  			return genUType(detail::highp_int_t(x) - detail::highp_int_t(y));
  		else
  			return genUType(detail::highp_int_t(1) << detail::highp_int_t(32) + detail::highp_int_t(x) - detail::highp_int_t(y));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> usubBorrow
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & Borrow
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			usubBorrow(x[0], y[0], Borrow[0]),
  			usubBorrow(x[1], y[1], Borrow[1]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> usubBorrow
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & Borrow
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			usubBorrow(x[0], y[0], Borrow[0]),
  			usubBorrow(x[1], y[1], Borrow[1]),
  			usubBorrow(x[2], y[2], Borrow[2]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> usubBorrow
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & Borrow
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			usubBorrow(x[0], y[0], Borrow[0]),
  			usubBorrow(x[1], y[1], Borrow[1]),
  			usubBorrow(x[2], y[2], Borrow[2]),
  			usubBorrow(x[3], y[3], Borrow[3]));
  	}
  
  	// umulExtended
  	template <typename genUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER void umulExtended
  	(
  		genUType const & x, 
  		genUType const & y, 
  		genUType & msb, 
  		genUType & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		detail::highp_uint_t ValueX64 = x;
  		detail::highp_uint_t ValueY64 = y;
  		detail::highp_uint_t Value64 = ValueX64 * ValueY64;
  		msb = *(genUType*)&genUType(Value64 & ((detail::highp_uint_t(1) << detail::highp_uint_t(32)) - detail::highp_uint_t(1)));
  		lsb = *(genUType*)&genUType(Value64 >> detail::highp_uint_t(32));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> umulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			umulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> umulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			umulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[2], y[2], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> umulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			umulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[2], y[2], msb, lsb),
  			umulExtended(x[3], y[3], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	// imulExtended
  	template <typename genIType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER void imulExtended
  	(
  		genIType const & x, 
  		genIType const & y, 
  		genIType & msb, 
  		genIType & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		detail::highp_int_t ValueX64 = x;
  		detail::highp_int_t ValueY64 = y;
  		detail::highp_int_t Value64 = ValueX64 * ValueY64;
  		msb = *(genIType*)&genIType(Value64 & ((detail::highp_uint_t(1) << detail::highp_uint_t(32)) - detail::highp_uint_t(1)));
  		lsb = *(genIType*)&genIType(Value64 >> detail::highp_uint_t(32));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> imulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			imulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> imulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			imulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[2], y[2], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> imulExtended
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & x, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & y, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & msb, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> & lsb
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			imulExtended(x[0], y[0], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[1], y[1], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[2], y[2], msb, lsb),
  			imulExtended(x[3], y[3], msb, lsb));
  	}
  
  	// bitfieldExtract
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER genIUType bitfieldExtract
  	(
  		genIUType const & Value, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		int GenSize = int(sizeof(genIUType)) << int(3);
  
  		assert(Offset + Bits <= GenSize);
  
  		genIUType ShiftLeft = Bits ? Value << (GenSize - (Bits + Offset)) : genIUType(0);
  		genIUType ShiftBack = ShiftLeft >> genIUType(GenSize - Bits);
  
  		return ShiftBack;
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> bitfieldExtract
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & Value, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[1], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> bitfieldExtract
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & Value, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[1], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[2], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> bitfieldExtract
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & Value, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[1], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[2], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldExtract(Value[3], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	// bitfieldInsert
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER genIUType bitfieldInsert
  	(
  		genIUType const & Base, 
  		genIUType const & Insert, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		GLM_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<genIUType>::is_integer, "'bitfieldInsert' only accept integer values");
  		assert(Offset + Bits <= sizeof(genIUType));
  
  		if(Bits == 0)
  			return Base;
  
  		genIUType Mask = 0;
  		for(int Bit = Offset; Bit < Offset + Bits; ++Bit)
  			Mask |= (1 << Bit);
  
  		return (Base & ~Mask) | (Insert & Mask);
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<T> bitfieldInsert
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & Base, 
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & Insert, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<T>(
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[0], Insert[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[1], Insert[1], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<T> bitfieldInsert
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & Base, 
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & Insert, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<T>(
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[0], Insert[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[1], Insert[1], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[2], Insert[2], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<T> bitfieldInsert
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & Base, 
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & Insert, 
  		int const & Offset, 
  		int const & Bits
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<T>(
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[0], Insert[0], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[1], Insert[1], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[2], Insert[2], Offset, Bits),
  			bitfieldInsert(Base[3], Insert[3], Offset, Bits));
  	}
  
  	// bitfieldReverse
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER genIUType bitfieldReverse(genIUType const & Value)
  	{
  		GLM_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<genIUType>::is_integer, "'bitfieldReverse' only accept integer values");
  
  		genIUType Out = 0;
  		std::size_t BitSize = sizeof(genIUType) * 8;
  		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < BitSize; ++i)
  			if(Value & (genIUType(1) << i))
  				Out |= genIUType(1) << (BitSize - 1 - i);
  		return Out;
  	}	
  
  	VECTORIZE_VEC(bitfieldReverse)
  
  	// bitCount
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER int bitCount(genIUType const & Value)
  	{
  		GLM_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<genIUType>::is_integer, "'bitCount' only accept integer values");
  
  		int Count = 0;
  		for(std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(genIUType) * std::size_t(8); ++i)
  		{
  			if(Value & (1 << i))
  				++Count;
  		}
  		return Count;
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<int> bitCount
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<int>(
  			bitCount(value[0]),
  			bitCount(value[1]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<int> bitCount
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<int>(
  			bitCount(value[0]),
  			bitCount(value[1]),
  			bitCount(value[2]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<int> bitCount
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<int>(
  			bitCount(value[0]),
  			bitCount(value[1]),
  			bitCount(value[2]),
  			bitCount(value[3]));
  	}
  
  	// findLSB
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER int findLSB
  	(
  		genIUType const & Value
  	)
  	{
  		GLM_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<genIUType>::is_integer, "'findLSB' only accept integer values");
  		if(Value == 0)
  			return -1;
  
  		genIUType Bit;
  		for(Bit = genIUType(0); !(Value & (1 << Bit)); ++Bit){}
  		return Bit;
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<int> findLSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<int>(
  			findLSB(value[0]),
  			findLSB(value[1]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<int> findLSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<int>(
  			findLSB(value[0]),
  			findLSB(value[1]),
  			findLSB(value[2]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<int> findLSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<int>(
  			findLSB(value[0]),
  			findLSB(value[1]),
  			findLSB(value[2]),
  			findLSB(value[3]));
  	}
  
  	// findMSB
  #if((GLM_ARCH != GLM_ARCH_PURE) && (GLM_COMPILER & GLM_COMPILER_VC))
  
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER int findMSB
  	(
  		genIUType const & Value
  	)
  	{
  		unsigned long Result(0);
  		_BitScanReverse(&Result, Value); 
  		return int(Result);
  	}
  
  #elif((GLM_ARCH != GLM_ARCH_PURE) && (GLM_COMPILER & GLM_COMPILER_GCC) && (GLM_COMPILER >= GLM_COMPILER_GCC40))
  
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER int findMSB
  	(
  		genIUType const & Value
  	)
  	{
  		return __builtin_clz(Value);
  	}
  
  #else
  
  	template <typename genIUType>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER int findMSB
  	(
  		genIUType const & Value
  	)
  	{
  		GLM_STATIC_ASSERT(std::numeric_limits<genIUType>::is_integer, "'findMSB' only accept integer values");
  		if(Value == 0)
  			return -1;
  
  		genIUType bit = genIUType(-1);
  		for(genIUType tmp = Value; tmp; tmp >>= 1, ++bit){}
  		return bit;
  	}
  #endif//(GLM_COMPILER)
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec2<int> findMSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec2<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec2<int>(
  			findMSB(value[0]),
  			findMSB(value[1]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec3<int> findMSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec3<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec3<int>(
  			findMSB(value[0]),
  			findMSB(value[1]),
  			findMSB(value[2]));
  	}
  
  	template <typename T>
  	GLM_FUNC_QUALIFIER detail::tvec4<int> findMSB
  	(
  		detail::tvec4<T> const & value
  	)
  	{
  		return detail::tvec4<int>(
  			findMSB(value[0]),
  			findMSB(value[1]),
  			findMSB(value[2]),
  			findMSB(value[3]));
  	}
  }//namespace glm
  