text: //===-- asan_test.cc ------------*- C++ -*-===//
  //
  //                     The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
  //
  // This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
  // License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
  //
  //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
  //
  // This file is a part of AddressSanitizer, an address sanity checker.
  //
  //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
  #include <stdio.h>
  #include <signal.h>
  #include <stdlib.h>
  #include <string.h>
  #include <strings.h>
  #include <pthread.h>
  #include <stdint.h>
  #include <setjmp.h>
  #include <assert.h>
  
  #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
  #include <emmintrin.h>
  #endif
  
  #include "asan_test_config.h"
  #include "asan_test_utils.h"
  
  #ifndef __APPLE__
  #include <malloc.h>
  #else
  #include <AvailabilityMacros.h>  // For MAC_OS_X_VERSION_*
  #include <CoreFoundation/CFString.h>
  #endif  // __APPLE__
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  static bool APPLE = true;
  #else
  static bool APPLE = false;
  #endif
  
  #if ASAN_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
  # define ASAN_THROW(x) throw (x)
  #else
  # define ASAN_THROW(x)
  #endif
  
  #include <sys/mman.h>
  
  typedef uint8_t   U1;
  typedef uint16_t  U2;
  typedef uint32_t  U4;
  typedef uint64_t  U8;
  
  static const char *progname;
  static const int kPageSize = 4096;
  
  // Simple stand-alone pseudorandom number generator.
  // Current algorithm is ANSI C linear congruential PRNG.
  static inline uint32_t my_rand(uint32_t* state) {
    return (*state = *state * 1103515245 + 12345) >> 16;
  }
  
  static uint32_t global_seed = 0;
  
  const size_t kLargeMalloc = 1 << 24;
  
  template<typename T>
  NOINLINE void asan_write(T *a) {
    *a = 0;
  }
  
  NOINLINE void asan_write_sized_aligned(uint8_t *p, size_t size) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0, ((uintptr_t)p % size));
    if      (size == 1) asan_write((uint8_t*)p);
    else if (size == 2) asan_write((uint16_t*)p);
    else if (size == 4) asan_write((uint32_t*)p);
    else if (size == 8) asan_write((uint64_t*)p);
  }
  
  NOINLINE void *malloc_fff(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc/**/(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *malloc_eee(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc_fff(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *malloc_ddd(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc_eee(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *malloc_ccc(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc_ddd(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *malloc_bbb(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc_ccc(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *malloc_aaa(size_t size) {
    void *res = malloc_bbb(size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  
  #ifndef __APPLE__
  NOINLINE void *memalign_fff(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign/**/(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *memalign_eee(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign_fff(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *memalign_ddd(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign_eee(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *memalign_ccc(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign_ddd(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *memalign_bbb(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign_ccc(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  NOINLINE void *memalign_aaa(size_t alignment, size_t size) {
    void *res = memalign_bbb(alignment, size); break_optimization(0); return res;}
  #endif  // __APPLE__
  
  
  NOINLINE void free_ccc(void *p) { free(p); break_optimization(0);}
  NOINLINE void free_bbb(void *p) { free_ccc(p); break_optimization(0);}
  NOINLINE void free_aaa(void *p) { free_bbb(p); break_optimization(0);}
  
  template<typename T>
  NOINLINE void oob_test(int size, int off) {
    char *p = (char*)malloc_aaa(size);
    // fprintf(stderr, "writing %d byte(s) into [%p,%p) with offset %d\n",
    //        sizeof(T), p, p + size, off);
    asan_write((T*)(p + off));
    free_aaa(p);
  }
  
  
  template<typename T>
  NOINLINE void uaf_test(int size, int off) {
    char *p = (char *)malloc_aaa(size);
    free_aaa(p);
    for (int i = 1; i < 100; i++)
      free_aaa(malloc_aaa(i));
    fprintf(stderr, "writing %ld byte(s) at %p with offset %d\n",
            (long)sizeof(T), p, off);
    asan_write((T*)(p + off));
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, HasFeatureAddressSanitizerTest) {
  #if defined(__has_feature) && __has_feature(address_sanitizer)
    bool asan = 1;
  #else
    bool asan = 0;
  #endif
    EXPECT_EQ(true, asan);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, SimpleDeathTest) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(exit(1), "");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, VariousMallocsTest) {
    // fprintf(stderr, "malloc:\n");
    int *a = (int*)malloc(100 * sizeof(int));
    a[50] = 0;
    free(a);
  
    // fprintf(stderr, "realloc:\n");
    int *r = (int*)malloc(10);
    r = (int*)realloc(r, 2000 * sizeof(int));
    r[1000] = 0;
    free(r);
  
    // fprintf(stderr, "operator new []\n");
    int *b = new int[100];
    b[50] = 0;
    delete [] b;
  
    // fprintf(stderr, "operator new\n");
    int *c = new int;
    *c = 0;
    delete c;
  
  #if !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(ANDROID)
    // fprintf(stderr, "posix_memalign\n");
    int *pm;
    int pm_res = posix_memalign((void**)&pm, kPageSize, kPageSize);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, pm_res);
    free(pm);
  #endif
  
  #if !defined(__APPLE__)
    int *ma = (int*)memalign(kPageSize, kPageSize);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, (uintptr_t)ma % kPageSize);
    ma[123] = 0;
    free(ma);
  #endif  // __APPLE__
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, CallocTest) {
    int *a = (int*)calloc(100, sizeof(int));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, a[10]);
    free(a);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, VallocTest) {
    void *a = valloc(100);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, (uintptr_t)a % kPageSize);
    free(a);
  }
  
  #ifndef __APPLE__
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, PvallocTest) {
    char *a = (char*)pvalloc(kPageSize + 100);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, (uintptr_t)a % kPageSize);
    a[kPageSize + 101] = 1;  // we should not report an error here.
    free(a);
  
    a = (char*)pvalloc(0);  // pvalloc(0) should allocate at least one page.
    EXPECT_EQ(0, (uintptr_t)a % kPageSize);
    a[101] = 1;  // we should not report an error here.
    free(a);
  }
  #endif  // __APPLE__
  
  void *TSDWorker(void *test_key) {
    if (test_key) {
      pthread_setspecific(*(pthread_key_t*)test_key, (void*)0xfeedface);
    }
    return NULL;
  }
  
  void TSDDestructor(void *tsd) {
    // Spawning a thread will check that the current thread id is not -1.
    pthread_t th;
    pthread_create(&th, NULL, TSDWorker, NULL);
    pthread_join(th, NULL);
  }
  
  // This tests triggers the thread-specific data destruction fiasco which occurs
  // if we don't manage the TSD destructors ourselves. We create a new pthread
  // key with a non-NULL destructor which is likely to be put after the destructor
  // of AsanThread in the list of destructors.
  // In this case the TSD for AsanThread will be destroyed before TSDDestructor
  // is called for the child thread, and a CHECK will fail when we call
  // pthread_create() to spawn the grandchild.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_TSDTest) {
    pthread_t th;
    pthread_key_t test_key;
    pthread_key_create(&test_key, TSDDestructor);
    pthread_create(&th, NULL, TSDWorker, &test_key);
    pthread_join(th, NULL);
    pthread_key_delete(test_key);
  }
  
  template<typename T>
  void OOBTest() {
    char expected_str[100];
    for (int size = sizeof(T); size < 20; size += 5) {
      for (int i = -5; i < 0; i++) {
        const char *str =
            "is located.*%d byte.*to the left";
        sprintf(expected_str, str, abs(i));
        EXPECT_DEATH(oob_test<T>(size, i), expected_str);
      }
  
      for (int i = 0; i < size - sizeof(T) + 1; i++)
        oob_test<T>(size, i);
  
      for (int i = size - sizeof(T) + 1; i <= size + 3 * sizeof(T); i++) {
        const char *str =
            "is located.*%d byte.*to the right";
        int off = i >= size ? (i - size) : 0;
        // we don't catch unaligned partially OOB accesses.
        if (i % sizeof(T)) continue;
        sprintf(expected_str, str, off);
        EXPECT_DEATH(oob_test<T>(size, i), expected_str);
      }
    }
  
    EXPECT_DEATH(oob_test<T>(kLargeMalloc, -1),
            "is located.*1 byte.*to the left");
    EXPECT_DEATH(oob_test<T>(kLargeMalloc, kLargeMalloc),
            "is located.*0 byte.*to the right");
  }
  
  // TODO(glider): the following tests are EXTREMELY slow on Darwin:
  //   AddressSanitizer.OOB_char (125503 ms)
  //   AddressSanitizer.OOB_int (126890 ms)
  //   AddressSanitizer.OOBRightTest (315605 ms)
  //   AddressSanitizer.SimpleStackTest (366559 ms)
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, OOB_char) {
    OOBTest<U1>();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, OOB_int) {
    OOBTest<U4>();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, OOBRightTest) {
    for (size_t access_size = 1; access_size <= 8; access_size *= 2) {
      for (size_t alloc_size = 1; alloc_size <= 8; alloc_size++) {
        for (size_t offset = 0; offset <= 8; offset += access_size) {
          void *p = malloc(alloc_size);
          // allocated: [p, p + alloc_size)
          // accessed:  [p + offset, p + offset + access_size)
          uint8_t *addr = (uint8_t*)p + offset;
          if (offset + access_size <= alloc_size) {
            asan_write_sized_aligned(addr, access_size);
          } else {
            int outside_bytes = offset > alloc_size ? (offset - alloc_size) : 0;
            const char *str =
                "is located.%d *byte.*to the right";
            char expected_str[100];
            sprintf(expected_str, str, outside_bytes);
            EXPECT_DEATH(asan_write_sized_aligned(addr, access_size),
                         expected_str);
          }
          free(p);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, UAF_char) {
    const char *uaf_string = "AddressSanitizer.*heap-use-after-free";
    EXPECT_DEATH(uaf_test<U1>(1, 0), uaf_string);
    EXPECT_DEATH(uaf_test<U1>(10, 0), uaf_string);
    EXPECT_DEATH(uaf_test<U1>(10, 10), uaf_string);
    EXPECT_DEATH(uaf_test<U1>(kLargeMalloc, 0), uaf_string);
    EXPECT_DEATH(uaf_test<U1>(kLargeMalloc, kLargeMalloc / 2), uaf_string);
  }
  
  #if ASAN_HAS_BLACKLIST
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, IgnoreTest) {
    int *x = Ident(new int);
    delete Ident(x);
    *x = 0;
  }
  #endif  // ASAN_HAS_BLACKLIST
  
  struct StructWithBitField {
    int bf1:1;
    int bf2:1;
    int bf3:1;
    int bf4:29;
  };
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, BitFieldPositiveTest) {
    StructWithBitField *x = new StructWithBitField;
    delete Ident(x);
    EXPECT_DEATH(x->bf1 = 0, "use-after-free");
    EXPECT_DEATH(x->bf2 = 0, "use-after-free");
    EXPECT_DEATH(x->bf3 = 0, "use-after-free");
    EXPECT_DEATH(x->bf4 = 0, "use-after-free");
  };
  
  struct StructWithBitFields_8_24 {
    int a:8;
    int b:24;
  };
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, BitFieldNegativeTest) {
    StructWithBitFields_8_24 *x = Ident(new StructWithBitFields_8_24);
    x->a = 0;
    x->b = 0;
    delete Ident(x);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, OutOfMemoryTest) {
    size_t size = __WORDSIZE == 64 ? (size_t)(1ULL << 48) : (0xf0000000);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, realloc(0, size));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, realloc(0, ~Ident(0)));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, malloc(size));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, malloc(~Ident(0)));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, calloc(1, size));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, calloc(1, ~Ident(0)));
  }
  
  #if ASAN_NEEDS_SEGV
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, WildAddressTest) {
    char *c = (char*)0x123;
    EXPECT_DEATH(*c = 0, "AddressSanitizer crashed on unknown address");
  }
  #endif
  
  static void MallocStress(size_t n) {
    uint32_t seed = my_rand(&global_seed);
    for (size_t iter = 0; iter < 10; iter++) {
      vector<void *> vec;
      for (size_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if ((i % 3) == 0) {
          if (vec.empty()) continue;
          size_t idx = my_rand(&seed) % vec.size();
          void *ptr = vec[idx];
          vec[idx] = vec.back();
          vec.pop_back();
          free_aaa(ptr);
        } else {
          size_t size = my_rand(&seed) % 1000 + 1;
  #ifndef __APPLE__
          size_t alignment = 1 << (my_rand(&seed) % 7 + 3);
          char *ptr = (char*)memalign_aaa(alignment, size);
  #else
          char *ptr = (char*) malloc_aaa(size);
  #endif
          vec.push_back(ptr);
          ptr[0] = 0;
          ptr[size-1] = 0;
          ptr[size/2] = 0;
        }
      }
      for (size_t i = 0; i < vec.size(); i++)
        free_aaa(vec[i]);
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MallocStressTest) {
    MallocStress((ASAN_LOW_MEMORY) ? 20000 : 200000);
  }
  
  static void TestLargeMalloc(size_t size) {
    char buff[1024];
    sprintf(buff, "is located 1 bytes to the left of %lu-byte", (long)size);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident((char*)malloc(size))[-1] = 0, buff);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, LargeMallocTest) {
    for (int i = 113; i < (1 << 28); i = i * 2 + 13) {
      TestLargeMalloc(i);
    }
  }
  
  #if ASAN_LOW_MEMORY != 1
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, HugeMallocTest) {
  #ifdef __APPLE__
    // It was empirically found out that 1215 megabytes is the maximum amount of
    // memory available to the process under AddressSanitizer on Darwin.
    // (the libSystem malloc() allows allocating up to 2300 megabytes without
    // ASan).
    size_t n_megs = __WORDSIZE == 32 ? 1200 : 4100;
  #else
    size_t n_megs = __WORDSIZE == 32 ? 2600 : 4100;
  #endif
    TestLargeMalloc(n_megs << 20);
  }
  #endif
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ThreadedMallocStressTest) {
    const int kNumThreads = 4;
    const int kNumIterations = (ASAN_LOW_MEMORY) ? 10000 : 100000;
    pthread_t t[kNumThreads];
    for (int i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_create(&t[i], 0, (void* (*)(void *x))MallocStress,
          (void*)kNumIterations);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_join(t[i], 0);
    }
  }
  
  void *ManyThreadsWorker(void *a) {
    for (int iter = 0; iter < 100; iter++) {
      for (size_t size = 100; size < 2000; size *= 2) {
        free(Ident(malloc(size)));
      }
    }
    return 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ManyThreadsTest) {
    const size_t kNumThreads = __WORDSIZE == 32 ? 30 : 1000;
    pthread_t t[kNumThreads];
    for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_create(&t[i], 0, (void* (*)(void *x))ManyThreadsWorker, (void*)i);
    }
    for (size_t i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_join(t[i], 0);
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ReallocTest) {
    const int kMinElem = 5;
    int *ptr = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * kMinElem);
    ptr[3] = 3;
    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
      ptr = (int*)realloc(ptr,
          (my_rand(&global_seed) % 1000 + kMinElem) * sizeof(int));
      EXPECT_EQ(3, ptr[3]);
    }
  }
  
  #ifndef __APPLE__
  static const char *kMallocUsableSizeErrorMsg =
    "AddressSanitizer attempting to call malloc_usable_size()";
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MallocUsableSizeTest) {
    const size_t kArraySize = 100;
    char *array = Ident((char*)malloc(kArraySize));
    int *int_ptr = Ident(new int);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, malloc_usable_size(NULL));
    EXPECT_EQ(kArraySize, malloc_usable_size(array));
    EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int), malloc_usable_size(int_ptr));
    EXPECT_DEATH(malloc_usable_size((void*)0x123), kMallocUsableSizeErrorMsg);
    EXPECT_DEATH(malloc_usable_size(array + kArraySize / 2),
                 kMallocUsableSizeErrorMsg);
    free(array);
    EXPECT_DEATH(malloc_usable_size(array), kMallocUsableSizeErrorMsg);
  }
  #endif
  
  void WrongFree() {
    int *x = (int*)malloc(100 * sizeof(int));
    // Use the allocated memory, otherwise Clang will optimize it out.
    Ident(x);
    free(x + 1);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, WrongFreeTest) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(WrongFree(),
                 "ERROR: AddressSanitizer attempting free.*not malloc");
  }
  
  void DoubleFree() {
    int *x = (int*)malloc(100 * sizeof(int));
    fprintf(stderr, "DoubleFree: x=%p\n", x);
    free(x);
    free(x);
    fprintf(stderr, "should have failed in the second free(%p)\n", x);
    abort();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DoubleFreeTest) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(DoubleFree(), ASAN_PCRE_DOTALL
                 "ERROR: AddressSanitizer attempting double-free"
                 ".*is located 0 bytes inside of 400-byte region"
                 ".*freed by thread T0 here"
                 ".*previously allocated by thread T0 here");
  }
  
  template<int kSize>
  NOINLINE void SizedStackTest() {
    char a[kSize];
    char  *A = Ident((char*)&a);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < kSize; i++)
      A[i] = i;
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[-1] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[-20] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[-31] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[kSize] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[kSize + 1] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[kSize + 10] = 0, "");
    EXPECT_DEATH(A[kSize + 31] = 0, "");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, SimpleStackTest) {
    SizedStackTest<1>();
    SizedStackTest<2>();
    SizedStackTest<3>();
    SizedStackTest<4>();
    SizedStackTest<5>();
    SizedStackTest<6>();
    SizedStackTest<7>();
    SizedStackTest<16>();
    SizedStackTest<25>();
    SizedStackTest<34>();
    SizedStackTest<43>();
    SizedStackTest<51>();
    SizedStackTest<62>();
    SizedStackTest<64>();
    SizedStackTest<128>();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ManyStackObjectsTest) {
    char XXX[10];
    char YYY[20];
    char ZZZ[30];
    Ident(XXX);
    Ident(YYY);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(ZZZ)[-1] = 0, ASAN_PCRE_DOTALL "XXX.*YYY.*ZZZ");
  }
  
  NOINLINE static void Frame0(int frame, char *a, char *b, char *c) {
    char d[4] = {0};
    char *D = Ident(d);
    switch (frame) {
      case 3: a[5]++; break;
      case 2: b[5]++; break;
      case 1: c[5]++; break;
      case 0: D[5]++; break;
    }
  }
  NOINLINE static void Frame1(int frame, char *a, char *b) {
    char c[4] = {0}; Frame0(frame, a, b, c);
    break_optimization(0);
  }
  NOINLINE static void Frame2(int frame, char *a) {
    char b[4] = {0}; Frame1(frame, a, b);
    break_optimization(0);
  }
  NOINLINE static void Frame3(int frame) {
    char a[4] = {0}; Frame2(frame, a);
    break_optimization(0);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GuiltyStackFrame0Test) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(Frame3(0), "located .*in frame <.*Frame0");
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GuiltyStackFrame1Test) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(Frame3(1), "located .*in frame <.*Frame1");
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GuiltyStackFrame2Test) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(Frame3(2), "located .*in frame <.*Frame2");
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GuiltyStackFrame3Test) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(Frame3(3), "located .*in frame <.*Frame3");
  }
  
  NOINLINE void LongJmpFunc1(jmp_buf buf) {
    // create three red zones for these two stack objects.
    int a;
    int b;
  
    int *A = Ident(&a);
    int *B = Ident(&b);
    *A = *B;
    longjmp(buf, 1);
  }
  
  NOINLINE void UnderscopeLongJmpFunc1(jmp_buf buf) {
    // create three red zones for these two stack objects.
    int a;
    int b;
  
    int *A = Ident(&a);
    int *B = Ident(&b);
    *A = *B;
    _longjmp(buf, 1);
  }
  
  NOINLINE void SigLongJmpFunc1(sigjmp_buf buf) {
    // create three red zones for these two stack objects.
    int a;
    int b;
  
    int *A = Ident(&a);
    int *B = Ident(&b);
    *A = *B;
    siglongjmp(buf, 1);
  }
  
  
  NOINLINE void TouchStackFunc() {
    int a[100];  // long array will intersect with redzones from LongJmpFunc1.
    int *A = Ident(a);
    for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
      A[i] = i*i;
  }
  
  // Test that we handle longjmp and do not report fals positives on stack.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, LongJmpTest) {
    static jmp_buf buf;
    if (!setjmp(buf)) {
      LongJmpFunc1(buf);
    } else {
      TouchStackFunc();
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, UnderscopeLongJmpTest) {
    static jmp_buf buf;
    if (!_setjmp(buf)) {
      UnderscopeLongJmpFunc1(buf);
    } else {
      TouchStackFunc();
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, SigLongJmpTest) {
    static sigjmp_buf buf;
    if (!sigsetjmp(buf, 1)) {
      SigLongJmpFunc1(buf);
    } else {
      TouchStackFunc();
    }
  }
  
  #ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
  NOINLINE void ThrowFunc() {
    // create three red zones for these two stack objects.
    int a;
    int b;
  
    int *A = Ident(&a);
    int *B = Ident(&b);
    *A = *B;
    ASAN_THROW(1);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, CxxExceptionTest) {
    if (ASAN_UAR) return;
    // TODO(kcc): this test crashes on 32-bit for some reason...
    if (__WORDSIZE == 32) return;
    try {
      ThrowFunc();
    } catch(...) {}
    TouchStackFunc();
  }
  #endif
  
  void *ThreadStackReuseFunc1(void *unused) {
    // create three red zones for these two stack objects.
    int a;
    int b;
  
    int *A = Ident(&a);
    int *B = Ident(&b);
    *A = *B;
    pthread_exit(0);
    return 0;
  }
  
  void *ThreadStackReuseFunc2(void *unused) {
    TouchStackFunc();
    return 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ThreadStackReuseTest) {
    pthread_t t;
    pthread_create(&t, 0, ThreadStackReuseFunc1, 0);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
    pthread_create(&t, 0, ThreadStackReuseFunc2, 0);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
  }
  
  #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, Store128Test) {
    char *a = Ident((char*)malloc(Ident(12)));
    char *p = a;
    if (((uintptr_t)a % 16) != 0)
      p = a + 8;
    assert(((uintptr_t)p % 16) == 0);
    __m128i value_wide = _mm_set1_epi16(0x1234);
    EXPECT_DEATH(_mm_store_si128((__m128i*)p, value_wide),
                 "AddressSanitizer heap-buffer-overflow");
    EXPECT_DEATH(_mm_store_si128((__m128i*)p, value_wide),
                 "WRITE of size 16");
    EXPECT_DEATH(_mm_store_si128((__m128i*)p, value_wide),
                 "located 0 bytes to the right of 12-byte");
    free(a);
  }
  #endif
  
  static string RightOOBErrorMessage(int oob_distance) {
    assert(oob_distance >= 0);
    char expected_str[100];
    sprintf(expected_str, "located %d bytes to the right", oob_distance);
    return string(expected_str);
  }
  
  static string LeftOOBErrorMessage(int oob_distance) {
    assert(oob_distance > 0);
    char expected_str[100];
    sprintf(expected_str, "located %d bytes to the left", oob_distance);
    return string(expected_str);
  }
  
  template<typename T>
  void MemSetOOBTestTemplate(size_t length) {
    if (length == 0) return;
    size_t size = Ident(sizeof(T) * length);
    T *array = Ident((T*)malloc(size));
    int element = Ident(42);
    int zero = Ident(0);
    // memset interval inside array
    memset(array, element, size);
    memset(array, element, size - 1);
    memset(array + length - 1, element, sizeof(T));
    memset(array, element, 1);
  
    // memset 0 bytes
    memset(array - 10, element, zero);
    memset(array - 1, element, zero);
    memset(array, element, zero);
    memset(array + length, 0, zero);
    memset(array + length + 1, 0, zero);
  
    // try to memset bytes to the right of array
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(array, 0, size + 1),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset((char*)(array + length) - 1, element, 6),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(4));
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(array + 1, element, size + sizeof(T)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(2 * sizeof(T) - 1));
    // whole interval is to the right
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(array + length + 1, 0, 10),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(sizeof(T)));
  
    // try to memset bytes to the left of array
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset((char*)array - 1, element, size),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset((char*)array - 5, 0, 6),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(5));
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(array - 5, element, size + 5 * sizeof(T)),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(5 * sizeof(T)));
    // whole interval is to the left
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(array - 2, 0, sizeof(T)),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(2 * sizeof(T)));
  
    // try to memset bytes both to the left & to the right
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset((char*)array - 2, element, size + 4),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(2));
  
    free(array);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MemSetOOBTest) {
    MemSetOOBTestTemplate<char>(100);
    MemSetOOBTestTemplate<int>(5);
    MemSetOOBTestTemplate<double>(256);
    // We can test arrays of structres/classes here, but what for?
  }
  
  // Same test for memcpy and memmove functions
  template <typename T, class M>
  void MemTransferOOBTestTemplate(size_t length) {
    if (length == 0) return;
    size_t size = Ident(sizeof(T) * length);
    T *src = Ident((T*)malloc(size));
    T *dest = Ident((T*)malloc(size));
    int zero = Ident(0);
  
    // valid transfer of bytes between arrays
    M::transfer(dest, src, size);
    M::transfer(dest + 1, src, size - sizeof(T));
    M::transfer(dest, src + length - 1, sizeof(T));
    M::transfer(dest, src, 1);
  
    // transfer zero bytes
    M::transfer(dest - 1, src, 0);
    M::transfer(dest + length, src, zero);
    M::transfer(dest, src - 1, zero);
    M::transfer(dest, src, zero);
  
    // try to change mem to the right of dest
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest + 1, src, size),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(sizeof(T) - 1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer((char*)(dest + length) - 1, src, 5),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(3));
  
    // try to change mem to the left of dest
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest - 2, src, size),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(2 * sizeof(T)));
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer((char*)dest - 3, src, 4),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(3));
  
    // try to access mem to the right of src
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest, src + 2, size),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(2 * sizeof(T) - 1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest, (char*)(src + length) - 3, 6),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(2));
  
    // try to access mem to the left of src
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest, src - 1, size),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(sizeof(T)));
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest, (char*)src - 6, 7),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(6));
  
    // Generally we don't need to test cases where both accessing src and writing
    // to dest address to poisoned memory.
  
    T *big_src = Ident((T*)malloc(size * 2));
    T *big_dest = Ident((T*)malloc(size * 2));
    // try to change mem to both sides of dest
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(dest - 1, big_src, size * 2),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(sizeof(T)));
    // try to access mem to both sides of src
    EXPECT_DEATH(M::transfer(big_dest, src - 2, size * 2),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(2 * sizeof(T)));
  
    free(src);
    free(dest);
    free(big_src);
    free(big_dest);
  }
  
  class MemCpyWrapper {
   public:
    static void* transfer(void *to, const void *from, size_t size) {
      return memcpy(to, from, size);
    }
  };
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MemCpyOOBTest) {
    MemTransferOOBTestTemplate<char, MemCpyWrapper>(100);
    MemTransferOOBTestTemplate<int, MemCpyWrapper>(1024);
  }
  
  class MemMoveWrapper {
   public:
    static void* transfer(void *to, const void *from, size_t size) {
      return memmove(to, from, size);
    }
  };
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MemMoveOOBTest) {
    MemTransferOOBTestTemplate<char, MemMoveWrapper>(100);
    MemTransferOOBTestTemplate<int, MemMoveWrapper>(1024);
  }
  
  // Tests for string functions
  
  // Used for string functions tests
  static char global_string[] = "global";
  static size_t global_string_length = 6;
  
  // Input to a test is a zero-terminated string str with given length
  // Accesses to the bytes to the left and to the right of str
  // are presumed to produce OOB errors
  void StrLenOOBTestTemplate(char *str, size_t length, bool is_global) {
    // Normal strlen calls
    EXPECT_EQ(strlen(str), length);
    if (length > 0) {
      EXPECT_EQ(strlen(str + 1), length - 1);
      EXPECT_EQ(strlen(str + length), 0);
    }
    // Arg of strlen is not malloced, OOB access
    if (!is_global) {
      // We don't insert RedZones to the left of global variables
      EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strlen(str - 1)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
      EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strlen(str - 5)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(5));
    }
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strlen(str + length + 1)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite terminator
    str[length] = 'a';
    // String is not zero-terminated, strlen will lead to OOB access
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strlen(str)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strlen(str + length)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Restore terminator
    str[length] = 0;
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrLenOOBTest) {
    // Check heap-allocated string
    size_t length = Ident(10);
    char *heap_string = Ident((char*)malloc(length + 1));
    char stack_string[10 + 1];
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
      heap_string[i] = 'a';
      stack_string[i] = 'b';
    }
    heap_string[length] = 0;
    stack_string[length] = 0;
    StrLenOOBTestTemplate(heap_string, length, false);
    // TODO(samsonov): Fix expected messages in StrLenOOBTestTemplate to
    //      make test for stack_string work. Or move it to output tests.
    // StrLenOOBTestTemplate(stack_string, length, false);
    StrLenOOBTestTemplate(global_string, global_string_length, true);
    free(heap_string);
  }
  
  static inline char* MallocAndMemsetString(size_t size, char ch) {
    char *s = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
    memset(s, ch, size);
    return s;
  }
  static inline char* MallocAndMemsetString(size_t size) {
    return MallocAndMemsetString(size, 'z');
  }
  
  #ifndef __APPLE__
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrNLenOOBTest) {
    size_t size = Ident(123);
    char *str = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    // Normal strnlen calls.
    Ident(strnlen(str - 1, 0));
    Ident(strnlen(str, size));
    Ident(strnlen(str + size - 1, 1));
    str[size - 1] = '\0';
    Ident(strnlen(str, 2 * size));
    // Argument points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strnlen(str - 1, 1)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strnlen(str + size, 1)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite the terminating '\0' and hit unallocated memory.
    str[size - 1] = 'z';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strnlen(str, size + 1)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(str);
  }
  #endif
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrDupOOBTest) {
    size_t size = Ident(42);
    char *str = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    char *new_str;
    // Normal strdup calls.
    str[size - 1] = '\0';
    new_str = strdup(str);
    free(new_str);
    new_str = strdup(str + size - 1);
    free(new_str);
    // Argument points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strdup(str - 1)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strdup(str + size)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite the terminating '\0' and hit unallocated memory.
    str[size - 1] = 'z';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strdup(str)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(str);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrCpyOOBTest) {
    size_t to_size = Ident(30);
    size_t from_size = Ident(6);  // less than to_size
    char *to = Ident((char*)malloc(to_size));
    char *from = Ident((char*)malloc(from_size));
    // Normal strcpy calls.
    strcpy(from, "hello");
    strcpy(to, from);
    strcpy(to + to_size - from_size, from);
    // Length of "from" is too small.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(from, "hello2")), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // "to" or "from" points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(to - 1, from)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(to, from - 1)), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(to, from + from_size)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(to + to_size, from)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite the terminating '\0' character and hit unallocated memory.
    from[from_size - 1] = '!';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strcpy(to, from)), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(to);
    free(from);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrNCpyOOBTest) {
    size_t to_size = Ident(20);
    size_t from_size = Ident(6);  // less than to_size
    char *to = Ident((char*)malloc(to_size));
    // From is a zero-terminated string "hello\0" of length 6
    char *from = Ident((char*)malloc(from_size));
    strcpy(from, "hello");
    // copy 0 bytes
    strncpy(to, from, 0);
    strncpy(to - 1, from - 1, 0);
    // normal strncpy calls
    strncpy(to, from, from_size);
    strncpy(to, from, to_size);
    strncpy(to, from + from_size - 1, to_size);
    strncpy(to + to_size - 1, from, 1);
    // One of {to, from} points to not allocated memory
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to, from - 1, from_size)),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to - 1, from, from_size)),
                 LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to, from + from_size, 1)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to + to_size, from, 1)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Length of "to" is too small
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to + to_size - from_size + 1, from, from_size)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to + 1, from, to_size)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite terminator in from
    from[from_size - 1] = '!';
    // normal strncpy call
    strncpy(to, from, from_size);
    // Length of "from" is too small
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(strncpy(to, from, to_size)),
                 RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(to);
    free(from);
  }
  
  typedef char*(*PointerToStrChr)(const char*, int);
  void RunStrChrTest(PointerToStrChr StrChr) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *str = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    str[10] = 'q';
    str[11] = '\0';
    EXPECT_EQ(str, StrChr(str, 'z'));
    EXPECT_EQ(str + 10, StrChr(str, 'q'));
    EXPECT_EQ(NULL, StrChr(str, 'a'));
    // StrChr argument points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrChr(str - 1, 'z')), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrChr(str + size, 'z')), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Overwrite the terminator and hit not allocated memory.
    str[11] = 'z';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrChr(str, 'a')), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(str);
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrChrAndIndexOOBTest) {
    RunStrChrTest(&strchr);
    RunStrChrTest(&index);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrCmpAndFriendsLogicTest) {
    // strcmp
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strcmp("", ""));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strcmp("abcd", "abcd"));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strcmp("ab", "ac"));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strcmp("abc", "abcd"));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strcmp("acc", "abc"));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strcmp("abcd", "abc"));
  
    // strncmp
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncmp("a", "b", 0));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncmp("abcd", "abcd", 10));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncmp("abcd", "abcef", 3));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncmp("abcde", "abcfa", 4));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncmp("a", "b", 5));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncmp("bc", "bcde", 4));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncmp("xyz", "xyy", 10));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncmp("baa", "aaa", 1));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncmp("zyx", "", 2));
  
    // strcasecmp
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strcasecmp("", ""));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strcasecmp("zzz", "zzz"));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strcasecmp("abCD", "ABcd"));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strcasecmp("aB", "Ac"));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strcasecmp("ABC", "ABCd"));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strcasecmp("acc", "abc"));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strcasecmp("ABCd", "abc"));
  
    // strncasecmp
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncasecmp("a", "b", 0));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncasecmp("abCD", "ABcd", 10));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, strncasecmp("abCd", "ABcef", 3));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncasecmp("abcde", "ABCfa", 4));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncasecmp("a", "B", 5));
    EXPECT_GT(0, strncasecmp("bc", "BCde", 4));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncasecmp("xyz", "xyy", 10));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncasecmp("Baa", "aaa", 1));
    EXPECT_LT(0, strncasecmp("zyx", "", 2));
  
    // memcmp
    EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp("a", "b", 0));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp("ab\0c", "ab\0c", 4));
    EXPECT_GT(0, memcmp("\0ab", "\0ac", 3));
    EXPECT_GT(0, memcmp("abb\0", "abba", 4));
    EXPECT_LT(0, memcmp("ab\0cd", "ab\0c\0", 5));
    EXPECT_LT(0, memcmp("zza", "zyx", 3));
  }
  
  typedef int(*PointerToStrCmp)(const char*, const char*);
  void RunStrCmpTest(PointerToStrCmp StrCmp) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *s1 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    char *s2 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    s1[size - 1] = '\0';
    s2[size - 1] = '\0';
    // Normal StrCmp calls
    Ident(StrCmp(s1, s2));
    Ident(StrCmp(s1, s2 + size - 1));
    Ident(StrCmp(s1 + size - 1, s2 + size - 1));
    s1[size - 1] = 'z';
    s2[size - 1] = 'x';
    Ident(StrCmp(s1, s2));
    // One of arguments points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1 - 1, s2), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1, s2 - 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1 + size, s2), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1, s2 + size), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Hit unallocated memory and die.
    s2[size - 1] = 'z';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1, s1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrCmp)(s1 + size - 1, s2), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(s1);
    free(s2);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrCmpOOBTest) {
    RunStrCmpTest(&strcmp);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrCaseCmpOOBTest) {
    RunStrCmpTest(&strcasecmp);
  }
  
  typedef int(*PointerToStrNCmp)(const char*, const char*, size_t);
  void RunStrNCmpTest(PointerToStrNCmp StrNCmp) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *s1 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    char *s2 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    s1[size - 1] = '\0';
    s2[size - 1] = '\0';
    // Normal StrNCmp calls
    Ident(StrNCmp(s1, s2, size + 2));
    s1[size - 1] = 'z';
    s2[size - 1] = 'x';
    Ident(StrNCmp(s1 + size - 2, s2 + size - 2, size));
    s2[size - 1] = 'z';
    Ident(StrNCmp(s1 - 1, s2 - 1, 0));
    Ident(StrNCmp(s1 + size - 1, s2 + size - 1, 1));
    // One of arguments points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1 - 1, s2, 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1, s2 - 1, 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1 + size, s2, 1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1, s2 + size, 1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Hit unallocated memory and die.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1 + 1, s2 + 1, size), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(StrNCmp)(s1 + size - 1, s2, 2), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(s1);
    free(s2);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrNCmpOOBTest) {
    RunStrNCmpTest(&strncmp);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrNCaseCmpOOBTest) {
    RunStrNCmpTest(&strncasecmp);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MemCmpOOBTest) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *s1 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    char *s2 = MallocAndMemsetString(size);
    // Normal memcmp calls.
    Ident(memcmp(s1, s2, size));
    Ident(memcmp(s1 + size - 1, s2 + size - 1, 1));
    Ident(memcmp(s1 - 1, s2 - 1, 0));
    // One of arguments points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1 - 1, s2, 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1, s2 - 1, 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1 + size, s2, 1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1, s2 + size, 1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Hit unallocated memory and die.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1 + 1, s2 + 1, size), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1 + size - 1, s2, 2), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Zero bytes are not terminators and don't prevent from OOB.
    s1[size - 1] = '\0';
    s2[size - 1] = '\0';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcmp)(s1, s2, size + 1), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(s1);
    free(s2);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrCatOOBTest) {
    size_t to_size = Ident(100);
    char *to = MallocAndMemsetString(to_size);
    to[0] = '\0';
    size_t from_size = Ident(20);
    char *from = MallocAndMemsetString(from_size);
    from[from_size - 1] = '\0';
    // Normal strcat calls.
    strcat(to, from);
    strcat(to, from);
    strcat(to + from_size, from + from_size - 2);
    // Catenate empty string is not always an error.
    strcat(to - 1, from + from_size - 1);
    // One of arguments points to not allocated memory.
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to - 1, from), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to, from - 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to + to_size, from), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to, from + from_size), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
  
    // "from" is not zero-terminated.
    from[from_size - 1] = 'z';
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to, from), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    from[from_size - 1] = '\0';
    // "to" is not zero-terminated.
    memset(to, 'z', to_size);
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to, from), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // "to" is too short to fit "from".
    to[to_size - from_size + 1] = '\0';
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(to, from), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // length of "to" is just enough.
    strcat(to, from + 1);
  }
  
  static string OverlapErrorMessage(const string &func) {
    return func + "-param-overlap";
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrArgsOverlapTest) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *str = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
  
  // Do not check memcpy() on OS X 10.7 and later, where it actually aliases
  // memmove().
  #if !defined(__APPLE__) || !defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7) || \
      (MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED < MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7)
    // Check "memcpy". Use Ident() to avoid inlining.
    memset(str, 'z', size);
    Ident(memcpy)(str + 1, str + 11, 10);
    Ident(memcpy)(str, str, 0);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcpy)(str, str + 14, 15), OverlapErrorMessage("memcpy"));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcpy)(str + 14, str, 15), OverlapErrorMessage("memcpy"));
  #endif
  
    // We do not treat memcpy with to==from as a bug.
    // See http://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=11763.
    // EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(memcpy)(str + 20, str + 20, 1),
    //              OverlapErrorMessage("memcpy"));
  
    // Check "strcpy".
    memset(str, 'z', size);
    str[9] = '\0';
    strcpy(str + 10, str);
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcpy(str + 9, str), OverlapErrorMessage("strcpy"));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcpy(str, str + 4), OverlapErrorMessage("strcpy"));
    strcpy(str, str + 5);
  
    // Check "strncpy".
    memset(str, 'z', size);
    strncpy(str, str + 10, 10);
    EXPECT_DEATH(strncpy(str, str + 9, 10), OverlapErrorMessage("strncpy"));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strncpy(str + 9, str, 10), OverlapErrorMessage("strncpy"));
    str[10] = '\0';
    strncpy(str + 11, str, 20);
    EXPECT_DEATH(strncpy(str + 10, str, 20), OverlapErrorMessage("strncpy"));
  
    // Check "strcat".
    memset(str, 'z', size);
    str[10] = '\0';
    str[20] = '\0';
    strcat(str, str + 10);
    strcat(str, str + 11);
    str[10] = '\0';
    strcat(str + 11, str);
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(str, str + 9), OverlapErrorMessage("strcat"));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(str + 9, str), OverlapErrorMessage("strcat"));
    EXPECT_DEATH(strcat(str + 10, str), OverlapErrorMessage("strcat"));
  
    free(str);
  }
  
  void CallAtoi(const char *nptr) {
    Ident(atoi(nptr));
  }
  void CallAtol(const char *nptr) {
    Ident(atol(nptr));
  }
  void CallAtoll(const char *nptr) {
    Ident(atoll(nptr));
  }
  typedef void(*PointerToCallAtoi)(const char*);
  
  void RunAtoiOOBTest(PointerToCallAtoi Atoi) {
    char *array = MallocAndMemsetString(10, '1');
    // Invalid pointer to the string.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array + 11), RightOOBErrorMessage(1));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array - 1), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    // Die if a buffer doesn't have terminating NULL.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Make last symbol a terminating NULL or other non-digit.
    array[9] = '\0';
    Atoi(array);
    array[9] = 'a';
    Atoi(array);
    Atoi(array + 9);
    // Sometimes we need to detect overflow if no digits are found.
    memset(array, ' ', 10);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[9] = '-';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Atoi(array + 9), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[8] = '-';
    Atoi(array);
    delete array;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, AtoiAndFriendsOOBTest) {
    RunAtoiOOBTest(&CallAtoi);
    RunAtoiOOBTest(&CallAtol);
    RunAtoiOOBTest(&CallAtoll);
  }
  
  void CallStrtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base) {
    Ident(strtol(nptr, endptr, base));
  }
  void CallStrtoll(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base) {
    Ident(strtoll(nptr, endptr, base));
  }
  typedef void(*PointerToCallStrtol)(const char*, char**, int);
  
  void RunStrtolOOBTest(PointerToCallStrtol Strtol) {
    char *array = MallocAndMemsetString(3);
    char *endptr = NULL;
    array[0] = '1';
    array[1] = '2';
    array[2] = '3';
    // Invalid pointer to the string.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array + 3, NULL, 0), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array - 1, NULL, 0), LeftOOBErrorMessage(1));
    // Buffer overflow if there is no terminating null (depends on base).
    Strtol(array, &endptr, 3);
    EXPECT_EQ(array + 2, endptr);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array, NULL, 0), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[2] = 'z';
    Strtol(array, &endptr, 35);
    EXPECT_EQ(array + 2, endptr);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array, NULL, 36), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    // Add terminating zero to get rid of overflow.
    array[2] = '\0';
    Strtol(array, NULL, 36);
    // Don't check for overflow if base is invalid.
    Strtol(array - 1, NULL, -1);
    Strtol(array + 3, NULL, 1);
    // Sometimes we need to detect overflow if no digits are found.
    array[0] = array[1] = array[2] = ' ';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array, NULL, 0), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[2] = '+';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array, NULL, 0), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[2] = '-';
    EXPECT_DEATH(Strtol(array, NULL, 0), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    array[1] = '+';
    Strtol(array, NULL, 0);
    array[1] = array[2] = 'z';
    Strtol(array, &endptr, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(array, endptr);
    Strtol(array + 2, NULL, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(array, endptr);
    delete array;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrtollOOBTest) {
    RunStrtolOOBTest(&CallStrtoll);
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrtolOOBTest) {
    RunStrtolOOBTest(&CallStrtol);
  }
  
  // At the moment we instrument memcpy/memove/memset calls at compile time so we
  // can't handle OOB error if these functions are called by pointer, see disabled
  // MemIntrinsicCallByPointerTest below
  typedef void*(*PointerToMemTransfer)(void*, const void*, size_t);
  typedef void*(*PointerToMemSet)(void*, int, size_t);
  
  void CallMemSetByPointer(PointerToMemSet MemSet) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *array = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
    EXPECT_DEATH(MemSet(array, 0, 101), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(array);
  }
  
  void CallMemTransferByPointer(PointerToMemTransfer MemTransfer) {
    size_t size = Ident(100);
    char *src = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
    char *dst = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
    EXPECT_DEATH(MemTransfer(dst, src, 101), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(src);
    free(dst);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_MemIntrinsicCallByPointerTest) {
    CallMemSetByPointer(&memset);
    CallMemTransferByPointer(&memcpy);
    CallMemTransferByPointer(&memmove);
  }
  
  // This test case fails
  // Clang optimizes memcpy/memset calls which lead to unaligned access
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_MemIntrinsicUnalignedAccessTest) {
    int size = Ident(4096);
    char *s = Ident((char*)malloc(size));
    EXPECT_DEATH(memset(s + size - 1, 0, 2), RightOOBErrorMessage(0));
    free(s);
  }
  
  // TODO(samsonov): Add a test with malloc(0)
  // TODO(samsonov): Add tests for str* and mem* functions.
  
  NOINLINE static int LargeFunction(bool do_bad_access) {
    int *x = new int[100];
    x[0]++;
    x[1]++;
    x[2]++;
    x[3]++;
    x[4]++;
    x[5]++;
    x[6]++;
    x[7]++;
    x[8]++;
    x[9]++;
  
    x[do_bad_access ? 100 : 0]++; int res = __LINE__;
  
    x[10]++;
    x[11]++;
    x[12]++;
    x[13]++;
    x[14]++;
    x[15]++;
    x[16]++;
    x[17]++;
    x[18]++;
    x[19]++;
  
    delete x;
    return res;
  }
  
  // Test the we have correct debug info for the failing instruction.
  // This test requires the in-process symbolizer to be enabled by default.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_LargeFunctionSymbolizeTest) {
    int failing_line = LargeFunction(false);
    char expected_warning[128];
    sprintf(expected_warning, "LargeFunction.*asan_test.cc:%d", failing_line);
    EXPECT_DEATH(LargeFunction(true), expected_warning);
  }
  
  // Check that we unwind and symbolize correctly.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_MallocFreeUnwindAndSymbolizeTest) {
    int *a = (int*)malloc_aaa(sizeof(int));
    *a = 1;
    free_aaa(a);
    EXPECT_DEATH(*a = 1, "free_ccc.*free_bbb.*free_aaa.*"
                 "malloc_fff.*malloc_eee.*malloc_ddd");
  }
  
  void *ThreadedTestAlloc(void *a) {
    int **p = (int**)a;
    *p = new int;
    return 0;
  }
  
  void *ThreadedTestFree(void *a) {
    int **p = (int**)a;
    delete *p;
    return 0;
  }
  
  void *ThreadedTestUse(void *a) {
    int **p = (int**)a;
    **p = 1;
    return 0;
  }
  
  void ThreadedTestSpawn() {
    pthread_t t;
    int *x;
    pthread_create(&t, 0, ThreadedTestAlloc, &x);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
    pthread_create(&t, 0, ThreadedTestFree, &x);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
    pthread_create(&t, 0, ThreadedTestUse, &x);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ThreadedTest) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(ThreadedTestSpawn(),
                 ASAN_PCRE_DOTALL
                 "Thread T.*created"
                 ".*Thread T.*created"
                 ".*Thread T.*created");
  }
  
  #if ASAN_NEEDS_SEGV
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ShadowGapTest) {
  #if __WORDSIZE == 32
    char *addr = (char*)0x22000000;
  #else
    char *addr = (char*)0x0000100000080000;
  #endif
    EXPECT_DEATH(*addr = 1, "AddressSanitizer crashed on unknown");
  }
  #endif  // ASAN_NEEDS_SEGV
  
  extern "C" {
  NOINLINE static void UseThenFreeThenUse() {
    char *x = Ident((char*)malloc(8));
    *x = 1;
    free_aaa(x);
    *x = 2;
  }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, UseThenFreeThenUseTest) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(UseThenFreeThenUse(), "freed by thread");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StrDupTest) {
    free(strdup(Ident("123")));
  }
  
  // Currently we create and poison redzone at right of global variables.
  char glob5[5];
  static char static110[110];
  const char ConstGlob[7] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7};
  static const char StaticConstGlob[3] = {9, 8, 7};
  extern int GlobalsTest(int x);
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GlobalTest) {
    static char func_static15[15];
  
    static char fs1[10];
    static char fs2[10];
    static char fs3[10];
  
    glob5[Ident(0)] = 0;
    glob5[Ident(1)] = 0;
    glob5[Ident(2)] = 0;
    glob5[Ident(3)] = 0;
    glob5[Ident(4)] = 0;
  
    EXPECT_DEATH(glob5[Ident(5)] = 0,
                 "0 bytes to the right of global variable.*glob5.* size 5");
    EXPECT_DEATH(glob5[Ident(5+6)] = 0,
                 "6 bytes to the right of global variable.*glob5.* size 5");
    Ident(static110);  // avoid optimizations
    static110[Ident(0)] = 0;
    static110[Ident(109)] = 0;
    EXPECT_DEATH(static110[Ident(110)] = 0,
                 "0 bytes to the right of global variable");
    EXPECT_DEATH(static110[Ident(110+7)] = 0,
                 "7 bytes to the right of global variable");
  
    Ident(func_static15);  // avoid optimizations
    func_static15[Ident(0)] = 0;
    EXPECT_DEATH(func_static15[Ident(15)] = 0,
                 "0 bytes to the right of global variable");
    EXPECT_DEATH(func_static15[Ident(15 + 9)] = 0,
                 "9 bytes to the right of global variable");
  
    Ident(fs1);
    Ident(fs2);
    Ident(fs3);
  
    // We don't create left redzones, so this is not 100% guaranteed to fail.
    // But most likely will.
    EXPECT_DEATH(fs2[Ident(-1)] = 0, "is located.*of global variable");
  
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(Ident(ConstGlob)[8]),
                 "is located 1 bytes to the right of .*ConstGlob");
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(Ident(StaticConstGlob)[5]),
                 "is located 2 bytes to the right of .*StaticConstGlob");
  
    // call stuff from another file.
    GlobalsTest(0);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, GlobalStringConstTest) {
    static const char *zoo = "FOOBAR123";
    const char *p = Ident(zoo);
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(p[15]), "is ascii string 'FOOBAR123'");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, FileNameInGlobalReportTest) {
    static char zoo[10];
    const char *p = Ident(zoo);
    // The file name should be present in the report.
    EXPECT_DEATH(Ident(p[15]), "zoo.*asan_test.cc");
  }
  
  int *ReturnsPointerToALocalObject() {
    int a = 0;
    return Ident(&a);
  }
  
  #if ASAN_UAR == 1
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, LocalReferenceReturnTest) {
    int *(*f)() = Ident(ReturnsPointerToALocalObject);
    int *p = f();
    // Call 'f' a few more times, 'p' should still be poisoned.
    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
      f();
    EXPECT_DEATH(*p = 1, "AddressSanitizer stack-use-after-return");
    EXPECT_DEATH(*p = 1, "is located.*in frame .*ReturnsPointerToALocal");
  }
  #endif
  
  template <int kSize>
  NOINLINE static void FuncWithStack() {
    char x[kSize];
    Ident(x)[0] = 0;
    Ident(x)[kSize-1] = 0;
  }
  
  static void LotsOfStackReuse() {
    int LargeStack[10000];
    Ident(LargeStack)[0] = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
      FuncWithStack<128 * 1>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 2>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 4>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 8>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 16>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 32>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 64>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 128>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 256>();
      FuncWithStack<128 * 512>();
      Ident(LargeStack)[0] = 0;
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, StressStackReuseTest) {
    LotsOfStackReuse();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, ThreadedStressStackReuseTest) {
    const int kNumThreads = 20;
    pthread_t t[kNumThreads];
    for (int i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_create(&t[i], 0, (void* (*)(void *x))LotsOfStackReuse, 0);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < kNumThreads; i++) {
      pthread_join(t[i], 0);
    }
  }
  
  static void *PthreadExit(void *a) {
    pthread_exit(0);
    return 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, PthreadExitTest) {
    pthread_t t;
    for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
      pthread_create(&t, 0, PthreadExit, 0);
      pthread_join(t, 0);
    }
  }
  
  #ifdef __EXCEPTIONS
  NOINLINE static void StackReuseAndException() {
    int large_stack[1000];
    Ident(large_stack);
    ASAN_THROW(1);
  }
  
  // TODO(kcc): support exceptions with use-after-return.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_StressStackReuseAndExceptionsTest) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++) {
      try {
      StackReuseAndException();
      } catch(...) {
      }
    }
  }
  #endif
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, MlockTest) {
    EXPECT_EQ(0, mlockall(MCL_CURRENT));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, mlock((void*)0x12345, 0x5678));
    EXPECT_EQ(0, munlockall());
    EXPECT_EQ(0, munlock((void*)0x987, 0x654));
  }
  
  struct LargeStruct {
    int foo[100];
  };
  
  // Test for bug http://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=11763.
  // Struct copy should not cause asan warning even if lhs == rhs.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, LargeStructCopyTest) {
    LargeStruct a;
    *Ident(&a) = *Ident(&a);
  }
  
  __attribute__((no_address_safety_analysis))
  static void NoAddressSafety() {
    char *foo = new char[10];
    Ident(foo)[10] = 0;
    delete [] foo;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, AttributeNoAddressSafetyTest) {
    Ident(NoAddressSafety)();
  }
  
  // ------------------ demo tests; run each one-by-one -------------
  // e.g. --gtest_filter=*DemoOOBLeftHigh --gtest_also_run_disabled_tests
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoThreadedTest) {
    ThreadedTestSpawn();
  }
  
  void *SimpleBugOnSTack(void *x = 0) {
    char a[20];
    Ident(a)[20] = 0;
    return 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoStackTest) {
    SimpleBugOnSTack();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoThreadStackTest) {
    pthread_t t;
    pthread_create(&t, 0, SimpleBugOnSTack, 0);
    pthread_join(t, 0);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoUAFLowIn) {
    uaf_test<U1>(10, 0);
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoUAFLowLeft) {
    uaf_test<U1>(10, -2);
  }
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoUAFLowRight) {
    uaf_test<U1>(10, 10);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoUAFHigh) {
    uaf_test<U1>(kLargeMalloc, 0);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoOOBLeftLow) {
    oob_test<U1>(10, -1);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoOOBLeftHigh) {
    oob_test<U1>(kLargeMalloc, -1);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoOOBRightLow) {
    oob_test<U1>(10, 10);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoOOBRightHigh) {
    oob_test<U1>(kLargeMalloc, kLargeMalloc);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoOOM) {
    size_t size = __WORDSIZE == 64 ? (size_t)(1ULL << 40) : (0xf0000000);
    printf("%p\n", malloc(size));
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoDoubleFreeTest) {
    DoubleFree();
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoNullDerefTest) {
    int *a = 0;
    Ident(a)[10] = 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoFunctionStaticTest) {
    static char a[100];
    static char b[100];
    static char c[100];
    Ident(a);
    Ident(b);
    Ident(c);
    Ident(a)[5] = 0;
    Ident(b)[105] = 0;
    Ident(a)[5] = 0;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, DISABLED_DemoTooMuchMemoryTest) {
    const size_t kAllocSize = (1 << 28) - 1024;
    size_t total_size = 0;
    while (true) {
      char *x = (char*)malloc(kAllocSize);
      memset(x, 0, kAllocSize);
      total_size += kAllocSize;
      fprintf(stderr, "total: %ldM\n", (long)total_size >> 20);
    }
  }
  
  #ifdef __APPLE__
  #include "asan_mac_test.h"
  // TODO(glider): figure out whether we still need these tests. Is it correct
  // to intercept CFAllocator?
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, DISABLED_CFAllocatorDefaultDoubleFree) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(
        CFAllocatorDefaultDoubleFree(),
        "attempting double-free");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, DISABLED_CFAllocatorSystemDefaultDoubleFree) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(
        CFAllocatorSystemDefaultDoubleFree(),
        "attempting double-free");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, DISABLED_CFAllocatorMallocDoubleFree) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(CFAllocatorMallocDoubleFree(), "attempting double-free");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, DISABLED_CFAllocatorMallocZoneDoubleFree) {
    EXPECT_DEATH(CFAllocatorMallocZoneDoubleFree(), "attempting double-free");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDDispatchAsync) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDDispatchAsync(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDDispatchSync) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDDispatchSync(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDReuseWqthreadsAsync) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDReuseWqthreadsAsync(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDReuseWqthreadsSync) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDReuseWqthreadsSync(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDDispatchAfter) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDDispatchAfter(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDSourceEvent) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDSourceEvent(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDSourceCancel) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDSourceCancel(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, GCDGroupAsync) {
    // Make sure the whole ASan report is printed, i.e. that we don't die
    // on a CHECK.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestGCDGroupAsync(), "Shadow byte and word");
  }
  
  void *MallocIntrospectionLockWorker(void *_) {
    const int kNumPointers = 100;
    int i;
    void *pointers[kNumPointers];
    for (i = 0; i < kNumPointers; i++) {
      pointers[i] = malloc(i + 1);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < kNumPointers; i++) {
      free(pointers[i]);
    }
  
    return NULL;
  }
  
  void *MallocIntrospectionLockForker(void *_) {
    pid_t result = fork();
    if (result == -1) {
      perror("fork");
    }
    assert(result != -1);
    if (result == 0) {
      // Call malloc in the child process to make sure we won't deadlock.
      void *ptr = malloc(42);
      free(ptr);
      exit(0);
    } else {
      // Return in the parent process.
      return NULL;
    }
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, MallocIntrospectionLock) {
    // Incorrect implementation of force_lock and force_unlock in our malloc zone
    // will cause forked processes to deadlock.
    // TODO(glider): need to detect that none of the child processes deadlocked.
    const int kNumWorkers = 5, kNumIterations = 100;
    int i, iter;
    for (iter = 0; iter < kNumIterations; iter++) {
      pthread_t workers[kNumWorkers], forker;
      for (i = 0; i < kNumWorkers; i++) {
        pthread_create(&workers[i], 0, MallocIntrospectionLockWorker, 0);
      }
      pthread_create(&forker, 0, MallocIntrospectionLockForker, 0);
      for (i = 0; i < kNumWorkers; i++) {
        pthread_join(workers[i], 0);
      }
      pthread_join(forker, 0);
    }
  }
  
  void *TSDAllocWorker(void *test_key) {
    if (test_key) {
      void *mem = malloc(10);
      pthread_setspecific(*(pthread_key_t*)test_key, mem);
    }
    return NULL;
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, DISABLED_TSDWorkqueueTest) {
    pthread_t th;
    pthread_key_t test_key;
    pthread_key_create(&test_key, CallFreeOnWorkqueue);
    pthread_create(&th, NULL, TSDAllocWorker, &test_key);
    pthread_join(th, NULL);
    pthread_key_delete(test_key);
  }
  
  // Test that CFStringCreateCopy does not copy constant strings.
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, CFStringCreateCopy) {
    CFStringRef str = CFSTR("Hello world!\n");
    CFStringRef str2 = CFStringCreateCopy(0, str);
    EXPECT_EQ(str, str2);
  }
  
  TEST(AddressSanitizerMac, NSObjectOOB) {
    // Make sure that our allocators are used for NSObjects.
    EXPECT_DEATH(TestOOBNSObjects(), "heap-buffer-overflow");
  }
  #endif  // __APPLE__
  
  // Test that instrumentation of stack allocations takes into account
  // AllocSize of a type, and not its StoreSize (16 vs 10 bytes for long double).
  // See http://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=12047 for more details.
  TEST(AddressSanitizer, LongDoubleNegativeTest) {
    long double a, b;
    static long double c;
    memcpy(Ident(&a), Ident(&b), sizeof(long double));
    memcpy(Ident(&c), Ident(&b), sizeof(long double));
  };
  
  int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    progname = argv[0];
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
  }
  