text: import pytest
  
  import numpy as np
  
  import pandas as pd
  import pandas.util._test_decorators as td
  from pandas.util import testing as tm
  from pandas import (PeriodIndex, period_range, DatetimeIndex, NaT,
                      Index, Period, Series, DataFrame, date_range,
                      offsets)
  
  from ..datetimelike import DatetimeLike
  
  
  class TestPeriodIndex(DatetimeLike):
      _holder = PeriodIndex
  
      def setup_method(self, method):
          self.indices = dict(index=tm.makePeriodIndex(10),
                              index_dec=period_range('20130101', periods=10,
                                                     freq='D')[::-1])
          self.setup_indices()
  
      def create_index(self):
          return period_range('20130101', periods=5, freq='D')
  
      def test_pickle_compat_construction(self):
          pass
  
      @pytest.mark.parametrize('freq', ['D', 'M', 'A'])
      def test_pickle_round_trip(self, freq):
          idx = PeriodIndex(['2016-05-16', 'NaT', NaT, np.NaN], freq=freq)
          result = tm.round_trip_pickle(idx)
          tm.assert_index_equal(result, idx)
  
      def test_where(self):
          # This is handled in test_indexing
          pass
  
      def test_repeat(self):
          # GH10183
          idx = pd.period_range('2000-01-01', periods=3, freq='D')
          res = idx.repeat(3)
          exp = PeriodIndex(idx.values.repeat(3), freq='D')
          tm.assert_index_equal(res, exp)
          assert res.freqstr == 'D'
  
      def test_fillna_period(self):
          # GH 11343
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01-01 09:00', pd.NaT,
                                '2011-01-01 11:00'], freq='H')
  
          exp = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01-01 09:00', '2011-01-01 10:00',
                                '2011-01-01 11:00'], freq='H')
          tm.assert_index_equal(
              idx.fillna(pd.Period('2011-01-01 10:00', freq='H')), exp)
  
          exp = pd.Index([pd.Period('2011-01-01 09:00', freq='H'), 'x',
                          pd.Period('2011-01-01 11:00', freq='H')], dtype=object)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.fillna('x'), exp)
  
          exp = pd.Index([pd.Period('2011-01-01 09:00', freq='H'),
                          pd.Period('2011-01-01', freq='D'),
                          pd.Period('2011-01-01 11:00', freq='H')], dtype=object)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.fillna(
              pd.Period('2011-01-01', freq='D')), exp)
  
      def test_no_millisecond_field(self):
          with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
              DatetimeIndex.millisecond
  
          with pytest.raises(AttributeError):
              DatetimeIndex([]).millisecond
  
      def test_difference_freq(self):
          # GH14323: difference of Period MUST preserve frequency
          # but the ability to union results must be preserved
  
          index = period_range("20160920", "20160925", freq="D")
  
          other = period_range("20160921", "20160924", freq="D")
          expected = PeriodIndex(["20160920", "20160925"], freq='D')
          idx_diff = index.difference(other)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx_diff, expected)
          tm.assert_attr_equal('freq', idx_diff, expected)
  
          other = period_range("20160922", "20160925", freq="D")
          idx_diff = index.difference(other)
          expected = PeriodIndex(["20160920", "20160921"], freq='D')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx_diff, expected)
          tm.assert_attr_equal('freq', idx_diff, expected)
  
      def test_hash_error(self):
          index = period_range('20010101', periods=10)
          with tm.assert_raises_regex(TypeError, "unhashable type: %r" %
                                      type(index).__name__):
              hash(index)
  
      def test_make_time_series(self):
          index = PeriodIndex(freq='A', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2009')
          series = Series(1, index=index)
          assert isinstance(series, Series)
  
      def test_shallow_copy_empty(self):
  
          # GH13067
          idx = PeriodIndex([], freq='M')
          result = idx._shallow_copy()
          expected = idx
  
          tm.assert_index_equal(result, expected)
  
      def test_dtype_str(self):
          pi = pd.PeriodIndex([], freq='M')
          assert pi.dtype_str == 'period[M]'
          assert pi.dtype_str == str(pi.dtype)
  
          pi = pd.PeriodIndex([], freq='3M')
          assert pi.dtype_str == 'period[3M]'
          assert pi.dtype_str == str(pi.dtype)
  
      def test_view_asi8(self):
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex([], freq='M')
  
          exp = np.array([], dtype=np.int64)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.view('i8'), exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.asi8, exp)
  
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01', pd.NaT], freq='M')
  
          exp = np.array([492, -9223372036854775808], dtype=np.int64)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.view('i8'), exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.asi8, exp)
  
          exp = np.array([14975, -9223372036854775808], dtype=np.int64)
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01-01', pd.NaT], freq='D')
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.view('i8'), exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.asi8, exp)
  
      def test_values(self):
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex([], freq='M')
  
          exp = np.array([], dtype=np.object)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.values, exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.get_values(), exp)
          exp = np.array([], dtype=np.int64)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx._ndarray_values, exp)
  
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01', pd.NaT], freq='M')
  
          exp = np.array([pd.Period('2011-01', freq='M'), pd.NaT], dtype=object)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.values, exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.get_values(), exp)
          exp = np.array([492, -9223372036854775808], dtype=np.int64)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx._ndarray_values, exp)
  
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01-01', pd.NaT], freq='D')
  
          exp = np.array([pd.Period('2011-01-01', freq='D'), pd.NaT],
                         dtype=object)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.values, exp)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx.get_values(), exp)
          exp = np.array([14975, -9223372036854775808], dtype=np.int64)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(idx._ndarray_values, exp)
  
      def test_period_index_length(self):
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='A', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2009')
          assert len(pi) == 9
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='Q', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2009')
          assert len(pi) == 4 * 9
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='M', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2009')
          assert len(pi) == 12 * 9
  
          start = Period('02-Apr-2005', 'B')
          i1 = PeriodIndex(start=start, periods=20)
          assert len(i1) == 20
          assert i1.freq == start.freq
          assert i1[0] == start
  
          end_intv = Period('2006-12-31', 'W')
          i1 = PeriodIndex(end=end_intv, periods=10)
          assert len(i1) == 10
          assert i1.freq == end_intv.freq
          assert i1[-1] == end_intv
  
          end_intv = Period('2006-12-31', '1w')
          i2 = PeriodIndex(end=end_intv, periods=10)
          assert len(i1) == len(i2)
          assert (i1 == i2).all()
          assert i1.freq == i2.freq
  
          end_intv = Period('2006-12-31', ('w', 1))
          i2 = PeriodIndex(end=end_intv, periods=10)
          assert len(i1) == len(i2)
          assert (i1 == i2).all()
          assert i1.freq == i2.freq
  
          try:
              PeriodIndex(start=start, end=end_intv)
              raise AssertionError('Cannot allow mixed freq for start and end')
          except ValueError:
              pass
  
          end_intv = Period('2005-05-01', 'B')
          i1 = PeriodIndex(start=start, end=end_intv)
  
          try:
              PeriodIndex(start=start)
              raise AssertionError(
                  'Must specify periods if missing start or end')
          except ValueError:
              pass
  
          # infer freq from first element
          i2 = PeriodIndex([end_intv, Period('2005-05-05', 'B')])
          assert len(i2) == 2
          assert i2[0] == end_intv
  
          i2 = PeriodIndex(np.array([end_intv, Period('2005-05-05', 'B')]))
          assert len(i2) == 2
          assert i2[0] == end_intv
  
          # Mixed freq should fail
          vals = [end_intv, Period('2006-12-31', 'w')]
          pytest.raises(ValueError, PeriodIndex, vals)
          vals = np.array(vals)
          pytest.raises(ValueError, PeriodIndex, vals)
  
      def test_fields(self):
          # year, month, day, hour, minute
          # second, weekofyear, week, dayofweek, weekday, dayofyear, quarter
          # qyear
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='A', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2005')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='Q', start='1/1/2001', end='12/1/2002')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='M', start='1/1/2001', end='1/1/2002')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='D', start='12/1/2001', end='6/1/2001')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='B', start='12/1/2001', end='6/1/2001')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='H', start='12/31/2001', end='1/1/2002 23:00')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='Min', start='12/31/2001', end='1/1/2002 00:20')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          pi = PeriodIndex(freq='S', start='12/31/2001 00:00:00',
                           end='12/31/2001 00:05:00')
          self._check_all_fields(pi)
  
          end_intv = Period('2006-12-31', 'W')
          i1 = PeriodIndex(end=end_intv, periods=10)
          self._check_all_fields(i1)
  
      def _check_all_fields(self, periodindex):
          fields = ['year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second',
                    'weekofyear', 'week', 'dayofweek', 'dayofyear',
                    'quarter', 'qyear', 'days_in_month']
  
          periods = list(periodindex)
          s = pd.Series(periodindex)
  
          for field in fields:
              field_idx = getattr(periodindex, field)
              assert len(periodindex) == len(field_idx)
              for x, val in zip(periods, field_idx):
                  assert getattr(x, field) == val
  
              if len(s) == 0:
                  continue
  
              field_s = getattr(s.dt, field)
              assert len(periodindex) == len(field_s)
              for x, val in zip(periods, field_s):
                  assert getattr(x, field) == val
  
      def test_period_set_index_reindex(self):
          # GH 6631
          df = DataFrame(np.random.random(6))
          idx1 = period_range('2011/01/01', periods=6, freq='M')
          idx2 = period_range('2013', periods=6, freq='A')
  
          df = df.set_index(idx1)
          tm.assert_index_equal(df.index, idx1)
          df = df.set_index(idx2)
          tm.assert_index_equal(df.index, idx2)
  
      def test_factorize(self):
          idx1 = PeriodIndex(['2014-01', '2014-01', '2014-02', '2014-02',
                              '2014-03', '2014-03'], freq='M')
  
          exp_arr = np.array([0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2], dtype=np.intp)
          exp_idx = PeriodIndex(['2014-01', '2014-02', '2014-03'], freq='M')
  
          arr, idx = idx1.factorize()
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(arr, exp_arr)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx, exp_idx)
  
          arr, idx = idx1.factorize(sort=True)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(arr, exp_arr)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx, exp_idx)
  
          idx2 = pd.PeriodIndex(['2014-03', '2014-03', '2014-02', '2014-01',
                                 '2014-03', '2014-01'], freq='M')
  
          exp_arr = np.array([2, 2, 1, 0, 2, 0], dtype=np.intp)
          arr, idx = idx2.factorize(sort=True)
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(arr, exp_arr)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx, exp_idx)
  
          exp_arr = np.array([0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 2], dtype=np.intp)
          exp_idx = PeriodIndex(['2014-03', '2014-02', '2014-01'], freq='M')
          arr, idx = idx2.factorize()
          tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(arr, exp_arr)
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx, exp_idx)
  
      def test_is_(self):
          create_index = lambda: PeriodIndex(freq='A', start='1/1/2001',
                                             end='12/1/2009')
          index = create_index()
          assert index.is_(index)
          assert not index.is_(create_index())
          assert index.is_(index.view())
          assert index.is_(index.view().view().view().view().view())
          assert index.view().is_(index)
          ind2 = index.view()
          index.name = "Apple"
          assert ind2.is_(index)
          assert not index.is_(index[:])
          assert not index.is_(index.asfreq('M'))
          assert not index.is_(index.asfreq('A'))
          assert not index.is_(index - 2)
          assert not index.is_(index - 0)
  
      def test_contains(self):
          rng = period_range('2007-01', freq='M', periods=10)
  
          assert Period('2007-01', freq='M') in rng
          assert not Period('2007-01', freq='D') in rng
          assert not Period('2007-01', freq='2M') in rng
  
      def test_contains_nat(self):
          # see gh-13582
          idx = period_range('2007-01', freq='M', periods=10)
          assert pd.NaT not in idx
          assert None not in idx
          assert float('nan') not in idx
          assert np.nan not in idx
  
          idx = pd.PeriodIndex(['2011-01', 'NaT', '2011-02'], freq='M')
          assert pd.NaT in idx
          assert None in idx
          assert float('nan') in idx
          assert np.nan in idx
  
      def test_periods_number_check(self):
          with pytest.raises(ValueError):
              period_range('2011-1-1', '2012-1-1', 'B')
  
      def test_start_time(self):
          # GH 17157
          index = PeriodIndex(freq='M', start='2016-01-01', end='2016-05-31')
          expected_index = date_range('2016-01-01', end='2016-05-31', freq='MS')
          tm.assert_index_equal(index.start_time, expected_index)
  
      def test_end_time(self):
          # GH 17157
          index = PeriodIndex(freq='M', start='2016-01-01', end='2016-05-31')
          expected_index = date_range('2016-01-01', end='2016-05-31', freq='M')
          expected_index = expected_index.shift(1, freq='D').shift(-1, freq='ns')
          tm.assert_index_equal(index.end_time, expected_index)
  
      def test_index_duplicate_periods(self):
          # monotonic
          idx = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2007, 2009, 2009], freq='A-JUN')
          ts = Series(np.random.randn(len(idx)), index=idx)
  
          result = ts[2007]
          expected = ts[1:3]
          tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
          result[:] = 1
          assert (ts[1:3] == 1).all()
  
          # not monotonic
          idx = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2007, 2009, 2007], freq='A-JUN')
          ts = Series(np.random.randn(len(idx)), index=idx)
  
          result = ts[2007]
          expected = ts[idx == 2007]
          tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
  
      def test_index_unique(self):
          idx = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2007, 2009, 2009], freq='A-JUN')
          expected = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2009], freq='A-JUN')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.unique(), expected)
          assert idx.nunique() == 3
  
          idx = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2007, 2009, 2007], freq='A-JUN',
                            tz='US/Eastern')
          expected = PeriodIndex([2000, 2007, 2009], freq='A-JUN',
                                 tz='US/Eastern')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.unique(), expected)
          assert idx.nunique() == 3
  
      def test_shift(self):
          # This is tested in test_arithmetic
          pass
  
      @td.skip_if_32bit
      def test_ndarray_compat_properties(self):
          super(TestPeriodIndex, self).test_ndarray_compat_properties()
  
      def test_negative_ordinals(self):
          Period(ordinal=-1000, freq='A')
          Period(ordinal=0, freq='A')
  
          idx1 = PeriodIndex(ordinal=[-1, 0, 1], freq='A')
          idx2 = PeriodIndex(ordinal=np.array([-1, 0, 1]), freq='A')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx1, idx2)
  
      def test_pindex_fieldaccessor_nat(self):
          idx = PeriodIndex(['2011-01', '2011-02', 'NaT',
                             '2012-03', '2012-04'], freq='D', name='name')
  
          exp = Index([2011, 2011, -1, 2012, 2012], dtype=np.int64, name='name')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.year, exp)
          exp = Index([1, 2, -1, 3, 4], dtype=np.int64, name='name')
          tm.assert_index_equal(idx.month, exp)
  
      def test_pindex_qaccess(self):
          pi = PeriodIndex(['2Q05', '3Q05', '4Q05', '1Q06', '2Q06'], freq='Q')
          s = Series(np.random.rand(len(pi)), index=pi).cumsum()
          # Todo: fix these accessors!
          assert s['05Q4'] == s[2]
  
      def test_numpy_repeat(self):
          index = period_range('20010101', periods=2)
          expected = PeriodIndex([Period('2001-01-01'), Period('2001-01-01'),
                                  Period('2001-01-02'), Period('2001-01-02')])
  
          tm.assert_index_equal(np.repeat(index, 2), expected)
  
          msg = "the 'axis' parameter is not supported"
          tm.assert_raises_regex(
              ValueError, msg, np.repeat, index, 2, axis=1)
  
      def test_pindex_multiples(self):
          pi = PeriodIndex(start='1/1/11', end='12/31/11', freq='2M')
          expected = PeriodIndex(['2011-01', '2011-03', '2011-05', '2011-07',
                                  '2011-09', '2011-11'], freq='2M')
          tm.assert_index_equal(pi, expected)
          assert pi.freq == offsets.MonthEnd(2)
          assert pi.freqstr == '2M'
  
          pi = period_range(start='1/1/11', end='12/31/11', freq='2M')
          tm.assert_index_equal(pi, expected)
          assert pi.freq == offsets.MonthEnd(2)
          assert pi.freqstr == '2M'
  
          pi = period_range(start='1/1/11', periods=6, freq='2M')
          tm.assert_index_equal(pi, expected)
          assert pi.freq == offsets.MonthEnd(2)
          assert pi.freqstr == '2M'
  
      def test_iteration(self):
          index = PeriodIndex(start='1/1/10', periods=4, freq='B')
  
          result = list(index)
          assert isinstance(result[0], Period)
          assert result[0].freq == index.freq
  
      def test_is_full(self):
          index = PeriodIndex([2005, 2007, 2009], freq='A')
          assert not index.is_full
  
          index = PeriodIndex([2005, 2006, 2007], freq='A')
          assert index.is_full
  
          index = PeriodIndex([2005, 2005, 2007], freq='A')
          assert not index.is_full
  
          index = PeriodIndex([2005, 2005, 2006], freq='A')
          assert index.is_full
  
          index = PeriodIndex([2006, 2005, 2005], freq='A')
          pytest.raises(ValueError, getattr, index, 'is_full')
  
          assert index[:0].is_full
  
      def test_with_multi_index(self):
          # #1705
          index = date_range('1/1/2012', periods=4, freq='12H')
          index_as_arrays = [index.to_period(freq='D'), index.hour]
  
          s = Series([0, 1, 2, 3], index_as_arrays)
  
          assert isinstance(s.index.levels[0], PeriodIndex)
  
          assert isinstance(s.index.values[0][0], Period)
  
      def test_convert_array_of_periods(self):
          rng = period_range('1/1/2000', periods=20, freq='D')
          periods = list(rng)
  
          result = pd.Index(periods)
          assert isinstance(result, PeriodIndex)
  
      def test_append_concat(self):
          # #1815
          d1 = date_range('12/31/1990', '12/31/1999', freq='A-DEC')
          d2 = date_range('12/31/2000', '12/31/2009', freq='A-DEC')
  
          s1 = Series(np.random.randn(10), d1)
          s2 = Series(np.random.randn(10), d2)
  
          s1 = s1.to_period()
          s2 = s2.to_period()
  
          # drops index
          result = pd.concat([s1, s2])
          assert isinstance(result.index, PeriodIndex)
          assert result.index[0] == s1.index[0]
  
      def test_pickle_freq(self):
          # GH2891
          prng = period_range('1/1/2011', '1/1/2012', freq='M')
          new_prng = tm.round_trip_pickle(prng)
          assert new_prng.freq == offsets.MonthEnd()
          assert new_prng.freqstr == 'M'
  
      def test_map(self):
          # test_map_dictlike generally tests
  
          index = PeriodIndex([2005, 2007, 2009], freq='A')
          result = index.map(lambda x: x.ordinal)
          exp = Index([x.ordinal for x in index])
          tm.assert_index_equal(result, exp)
  
      def test_join_self(self, join_type):
          index = period_range('1/1/2000', periods=10)
          joined = index.join(index, how=join_type)
          assert index is joined
  
      def test_insert(self):
          # GH 18295 (test missing)
          expected = PeriodIndex(
              ['2017Q1', pd.NaT, '2017Q2', '2017Q3', '2017Q4'], freq='Q')
          for na in (np.nan, pd.NaT, None):
              result = period_range('2017Q1', periods=4, freq='Q').insert(1, na)
              tm.assert_index_equal(result, expected)
  